439:: When the trailer accompanies another rated feature, the wording on the green title card states, as of May 2013, "The following preview has been approved to accompany this feature." For trailers hosted on the Internet, the wording is tweaked to "The following preview has been approved for appropriate audiences." Until April 2009, these cards indicated that they had been approved for "all audiences" and often included the film's MPAA rating. This signified that the trailer adhered to the standards for motion picture advertising outlined by the MPAA, which included limitations on foul language and violent, sexual, or otherwise objectionable imagery. In April 2009, the MPAA began to permit the green band language to say that a trailer had been approved for "appropriate" audiences, meaning that the material would be appropriate for audiences in theaters, based on the content of the film they had come to see. In May 2013, the MPAA changed the trailer approval band from "for appropriate audiences" to "to accompany this feature", but only when accompanying a feature film; for bands not accompanying a feature film, the text of the band remained the same. The font and style of the text on the graphic bands (green and red) was also changed at the time the green band was revised in 2013.
457:: A red title card is issued to trailers which do not adhere to the MPA/CARA guidelines. It indicates that the trailer is approved for only "restricted" or "mature" audiences, and when it accompanies another feature, the wording states "The following restricted preview has been approved to accompany this feature only." For trailers hosted on the Internet, the wording is tweaked to "The following restricted preview has been approved for appropriate audiences." The red title card is reserved for trailers previewing R and NC-17 rated films: these trailers may include nudity, profanity, or other material deemed inappropriate for children. These trailers may only be shown theatrically before R-rated, NC-17-rated, or unrated movies. Trailers hosted on the Internet carrying a red title card require viewers to pass an age verification test which entails users aged 17 and older to match their names, birthdays, and
382:
445:: A yellow title card, introduced in April 2007, exists solely to indicate trailers with restricted content that are hosted on the Internet, with the wording stipulating "The following preview has been approved only for age-appropriate Internet users." The MPAA defined "age-appropriate Internet users" as visitors to sites either frequented mainly by adults or accessible only between 9:00 p.m. and 4:00 a.m. (i.e., 21:00 through 04:00 local time). The yellow card is reserved for trailers previewing films rated PG-13 or stronger. Although official, this practice appears to have never been widespread. However, yellow band trailers are occasionally created, a notable example being the trailer for Rob Zombie's
479:
368:
1438:, as well as many filmmakers. Moreover, Ebert argued that the rating system is geared toward looking at trivial aspects of the film (such as the number of times a profane word is used) rather than at the general theme of the film (for example, if the film realistically depicts the consequences of sex and violence). He called for an A (adults only) rating, to indicate films high in violence or mature content that should not be marketed to teenagers, but do not have NC-17 levels of sex. He also called for the NC-17 rating to be removed and to have the X rating revived. He felt that everyone understood what X-rated means, while fewer people understood what NC-17 meant.
396:
274:
202:
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1386:) introduced "R Cards", which parents could obtain for their children under 17 to see R-rated films without adult accompaniment. The cards generated much controversy; MPAA president Jack Valenti said in a news article: "I think it distorts and ruptures the intent of this voluntary film ratings system. All R-rated films are not alike." John Fithian, the president of the National Association of Theatre Owners, also said that the cards can be harmful. He noted in a news article for the
804:
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1486:, from seeing the film. The film's director, Lee Hirsch, has refused to recut the film, stating, "I feel a responsibility as a filmmaker, as the person entrusted to tell (these kids') stories, to not water them down." A petition collected more than 200,000 signatures to change the film's rating and a version with less profanity was finally given a PG-13 rating. The same, however, could not be said about the 1995 teen drama
247:
139:
969:(1976) received a PG rating after appealing it from an R, despite multiple instances of strong language, likely because of its historic subject matter. The automatic language rule is arguably the rule that can most often be successfully appealed. The ratings board may award a PG-13 rating passed by a two-thirds majority if they believe the language is justified by the context or by the manner in which the words are used.
1740:
707:, both of which received PG ratings, refocused attention on films seen by younger children. According to author Filipa Antunes, this revealed the conundrum of a film that "could not be recommended for all children but could also not be repudiated for all children uniformly," leading to speculation that the rating system's PG classification "no longer matched a notion of childhood most parents in America could agree on."
1526:, which contains no nudity, almost no sex (although there is a scene in which a German soldier is about to rape a French woman), very little profanity, and a minimum of violence, was said to have been rated R for a single clip where a main character is shot and killed, and required modification of just that one scene to receive a PG-13 rating. Eric Watson, producer of the independently distributed, NC-17-rated
853:, previously to be assigned an X rating, was the first film to receive the NC-17 rating instead. Although films with an NC-17 rating had more mainstream distribution opportunities than X-rated films, many theaters refused to screen them, most entertainment media did not accept advertising for them, and many large video outlets refused to stock them.
719:, suggested a new intermediate rating between "PG" and "R". The "PG-13" rating was introduced on July 1, 1984, with the advisory "Parents Are Strongly Cautioned to Give Special Guidance for Attendance of Children Under 13 – Some Material May Be Inappropriate for Young Children". The first film to be released with this rating was the
619:
This content classification system originally was to have three ratings, with the intention of allowing parents to take their children to any film they chose. However, the
National Association of Theatre Owners urged the creation of an adults-only category, fearful of possible legal problems in local
491:
The MPA also creates blue feature tags for theatrical and home media use. Theatrical releases show the blue tag after the film, with home media releases showing it prior to the film. They feature the rating block and any content descriptors as assigned by the
Classification and Rating Administration,
1704:
managing editor David Chen wrote on the website: "It's time for more people to condemn the MPAA and their outrageous antics. We're heading towards an age when we don't need a mommy-like organization to dictate what our delicate sensibilities can and can't be exposed to. I deeply hope that the MPAA's
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called the NC-17 rating an "abject failure", for causing filmmakers to re-edit films to receive an R rating, rather than accept an NC-17 rating. They argued that this was "not only compromising filmmakers' visions, but also greatly increasing the likelihood that adult-oriented movies are seen by the
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Depictions of violence are permitted under all ratings but must be moderated for the lower ones. Violence must be kept to a minimum in G-rated films and must not be intense in PG-rated films. Depictions of intense violence are permitted under the PG-13 rating, but violence that is both realistic and
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respond this proves only that parents find the ratings more useful than nothing at all. In the film, it is also discussed how the MPAA will not reveal any information about how or why certain decisions are made, and that the association will not even reveal to the filmmaker the specific scenes that
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may be present in PG rated films, and use of one of the harsher "sexually-derived words" as an expletive will initially incur at least a PG-13 rating. More than one occurrence will usually incur an R rating as will the usage of such an expletive in a sexual context. Known as the "automatic language
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in 2004 concluded that there had been a significant increase in the level of profanity, sex and violence in films released between 1992 and 2003. Kimberly
Thompson, director of the study, stated: "The findings demonstrate that ratings creep has occurred over the last decade and that today's movies
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Although there has always been concern about the content of films, the MPAA has been accused of a "ratings creep", whereby the films that fell into specific ratings categories in 2010 contained more objectionable material than those that appeared in the same categories two decades earlier. A study
309:
In 2013, the MPA ratings were visually redesigned, with the rating displayed on a left panel and the name of the rating shown above it. A larger panel on the right provides a more detailed description of the film's content and an explanation of the rating level is placed on a horizontal bar at the
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called for replacing the NC-17 rating with separate ratings for pornographic and non-pornographic adult film. Ebert argued that the system places too much emphasis on sex, while allowing the portrayal of massive amounts of gruesome violence. The uneven emphasis on sex versus violence is echoed by
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is restricted to PG and above, and anything that constitutes more than brief nudity will require at least a PG-13 rating. Nudity that is sexually oriented will generally require an R rating. Since 2006, films have been flagged by the MPAA for carrying nudity. In 2010, the MPAA flagged three films
1101:
A study of popular
American teen-oriented films rated PG and PG-13 from 1980 to 2006 found that in those films, teenaged characters use more and stronger profanity than adult ones in the same movies. However, the study found that the overall amount of such language had declined somewhat since the
628:
In 1970, the ages for "R" and "X" were raised from 16 to 17. Also, due to confusion over whether "M"-rated films were suitable for children, "M" was renamed to "GP" (for
General audiences, Parental guidance suggested), and in 1971, the MPAA added the content advisory "Some material not generally
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to tell him that since it was an "important film", it would be rated R and could be released without any cuts. The film drew huge crowds upon its release, many of whom were so horrified by the film they vomited and/or fainted; a psychiatric journal would later document four cases of "cinematic
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was acceptable for children to see. Roy
Meacham, a Washington, D.C., critic who had praised the film while admonishing parents not to take their children to it, recalled those children he did see leaving showings "drained and drawn afterward; their eyes had a look I had never seen before."
1069:) says: "Do you know that unless you're willing to use the R rating, you can only say the 'F' word once? You know what I say? Fuck that. I'm done." Often film producers will use the word for a scene of gravitas or humor and then bleep out any further instances with sound effects.
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also points out that four times as many films received an NC-17 rating for sex as they did for violence according to the MPAA's own website, further mentioning a bias against homosexual content compared to heterosexual content, particularly with regards to sex scenes. Filmmaker
1331:, MPAA chairman Dan Glickman had been made aware of the attempts to introduce a new rating, or find ways to reduce the stigma of the NC-17 rating. Film studios have pressured the MPAA to retire the NC-17 rating, because of its likely impact on their film's box office revenue.
739:
over a fraudulent application of its R rating to the uncut version of the film, and forced its member studios and several other home video distributors to put MPAA ratings on the packaging of MPAA-rated films via a settlement that would come into effect by fall that year.
1287:; it became the most widely distributed film with an NC-17 rating (showing in 1,388 cinemas simultaneously), but it was a box office failure that grossed only 45% of its $ 45 million budget. Some modest successes can be found among NC-17 theatrical releases, however;
1259:. "How could anything be worse than this?" he recalled thinking later. "And it got an R?" After he took over as head, he would spearhead efforts to be more aggressive with the X rating, especially over violence in films. In 1976, he got the board to give the Japanese
1374:, as an example. This exception is troubling, Hilden argues, because it ignores context and perspective in evaluating other films and favors conventional films over edgier films that contribute newer and more interesting points to public discourse about violence.
540:, then a member studio of the MPAA, releasing it through a subsidiary. Valenti revised the Code to include the "SMA" (Suggested for Mature Audiences) advisory as a stopgap measure. To accommodate "the irresistible force of creators determined to make 'their films'
47:(MPA), previously known as the Motion Picture Association of America (MPAA) from 1945 to 2019. The MPA rating system is a voluntary scheme that is not enforced by law; films can be exhibited without a rating, although most theaters refuse to exhibit non-rated or
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film critic
Michael Phillips wrote that the MPAA ratings board "has become foolish and irrelevant, and its members do not have my interests at heart, or yours. They're too easy on violence yet bizarrely reactionary when it comes to nudity and language."
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Many critics of the system, both conservative and liberal, would like to see the MPAA ratings unveiled and the standards made public. The MPAA has consistently cited nationwide scientific polls (conducted each year by the
Opinion Research Corporation of
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Among those patrons were many children, not always accompanied by adults. This left many commentators incredulous that the ratings board would have found that a film with disturbing scenes such as a possessed 12-year-old girl masturbating with a
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jurisdictions. The "X" rating was not an MPAA trademark and would not receive the MPAA seal; any producer not submitting a film for MPAA rating could self-apply the "X" rating (or any other symbol or description that was not an MPAA trademark).
347:) are often used. Uncut/extended versions of films that are labeled "Unrated" also contain warnings saying that the uncut version of the film contains content that differs from the theatrical release and might not be suitable for minors.
322:
releases. Film rating content descriptors are exclusively used for films rated from PG to NC-17; they are not used for G-rated films because the content in them is suitable for all audiences even if containing mild objectionable content.
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wrote that the MPAA has a "masterpiece exception" that it has made for films that would ordinarily earn an NC-17 rating, if not for the broader artistic masterpiece that requires the violence depicted as a part of its message. She cites
2938:"Henry Miller Meets the MPAA : Movies: Philip Kaufman's very adult 'Henry & June,' a tale of the controversial author's days in Paris, apparently is the latest recipient of the dreaded X rating. Its U.S. release is in limbo"
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The NC-17 rating has been described as a "kiss of death" for any film that receives it. Like the X rating it replaced, NC-17 limits a film's prospects of being marketed, screened in theaters and sold in major video outlets. In 1995,
823:(1971) were understood to be unsuitable for children, but non-pornographic and intended for the general public. However, pornographic films often self-applied the non-trademarked "X" rating, and it soon became synonymous with
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has been criticized similarly for featuring on-screen gun violence and a torture scene despite being rated G. In contrast, critics of the system accuse the ratings board of giving PG ratings to family-friendly films such as
843:
featuring strong adult content, were released. Neither film was approved for an MPAA rating, limiting their commercial distribution and prompting criticism of the rating system's lack of a designation for such films.
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Since
September 1990, the MPAA has included explanations, or "descriptors", of why each film received an "R" rating, allowing parents to know what type of content the film contained. For example, the descriptor for
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Formally instituted in 1990, the restrictive rating aimed to signal moviegoers that a film included adult-oriented — but not necessarily pornographic — content and made those movies off-limits to anyone under
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wanted rated R so parents could take their kids to it for educational purposes, but the MPAA rated it NC-17 due to its content of teen sex and turned down Clark's appeal. The film was then released unrated by
1226:
Meacham insinuated that the board had succumbed to pressure from Warner
Brothers, which had spent $ 10 million, more than twice its original budget, making the film; an X rating would have seriously limited
1133:
In May 2007, the MPAA announced that depictions of cigarette smoking would be considered in a film's rating. Anti-smoking advocates stated that the child-friendly PG rating was inappropriate for the 2011
318:
Film ratings often have accompanying brief descriptions of the specifics behind the film's content and why it received a certain rating. They are displayed in trailers, posters, and on the backside of
1166:. In 2018, MPAA Ratings Chair Joan Graves clarified the MPA's position by stating that "we don't usually define as male or female ... usually, we just mention partial nudity, graphic nudity."
465:
channels which exist to syndicate film and television trailers often do not have this check, and release these trailers without any type of restriction, to some criticism from groups such as
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787:
state law set the minimum age to view a theatrically exhibited R-rated film without adult accompaniment at 18, instead of 17, and categorized the admission of minors to X-rated films as a
1038:—which has two instances of the word—released in 2013, were originally given R ratings on grounds of the language but the ratings were dropped to PG-13 after successful appeals (albeit
1448:
Despite this, an internal critic of the early workings of the ratings system is film critic and writer Stephen Farber, who was a CARA intern for six months during 1969 and 1970. In
1116:
Drug use content is restricted to PG-13 and above. An example of an otherwise PG film being assigned a PG-13 rating for a drug reference (momentary, along with brief language) is
1248:
had cost under a million or been made abroad," she wrote, "it would almost certainly be an X film. But when a movie is as expensive as this one, the doesn't dare give it an X."
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has disputed these claims, stating that far more films are initially rated NC-17 for violence than for sex, but that these are later edited by studios to receive an R rating.
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In most cases, that means enforcement as though the movies were rated NC-17 — where no one under the age of 18 can be admitted even with accompanying parents or guardians."
551:(NATO), and the International Film Importers & Distributors of America (IFIDA). Only films that premiered in the United States after that date were affected by this.
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729:. In 1985, the wording was simplified to "Parents Strongly Cautioned – Some Material May Be Inappropriate for Children Under 13". Around the same time, the MPAA won a
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569:, and was distributed by their Claridge Pictures subsidiary. Two other films were rated X by the time the MPAA published their first weekly bulletin listing ratings:
544:, and to avoid "the possible intrusion of government into the movie arena", he developed a set of advisory ratings which could be applied after a film was completed.
3703:
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Cressman, Dale L.; Callister, Mark; Robinson, Tom; Near, Chris (May 2009). "Swearing in the cinema: An analysis of profanity in US teen-oriented movies, 1980–2006".
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appear at the head of trailers in the United States which indicate how closely the trailer adheres to the MPA's (and prior to November 2019, the MPAA's) standards.
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On November 1, 1968, the voluntary MPAA film rating system took effect, with three organizations serving as its monitoring and guiding groups: the MPAA, the
2912:"X Film Rating Dropped and Replaced by NC-17 : Movies: Designation would bar children under 17. Move expected to clear the way for strong adult themes"
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1585:). Parker and Stone did not have the time and money to edit the film, so it retained its NC-17 rating. In contrast, Parker and Stone's second feature film,
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43:'s suitability for certain audiences based on its content. The system and the ratings applied to individual motion pictures are the responsibility of the
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took over as president of the board. During his interview process, he had asked to screen recent films that had sparked ratings controversies, including
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1317:(2004), an NC-17 foreign-language film that grossed $ 5.2 million in the United States theatrically (a moderate success for a foreign-language film).
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In 1996, the minimum age for NC-17-rated films was raised to 18, by rewording it to "No One 17 and Under Admitted". The ratings used since 1996 are:
521:
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refused to take the film's ad), and Fox Searchlight was satisfied with this film's United States box office result. Another notable exception is
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520:". Filmmakers were pushing at the boundaries of the code with some even going as far as filing lawsuits against the "Hays Code" by invoking the
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1348:, who stars in the film, noted that NC-17 films are not allowed wide advertisement and that, given the refusal of major cinema chains like
835:
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1297:(2003) in theaters in the United States, and later released both the original NC-17 and the cut R-rated version on DVD. A Fox Searchlight
2438:
Friedman, Jane M. (1973). "The Motion Picture Rating System of 1968: A Constitutional Analysis of Self-Regulation by the Film Industry".
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to show NC-17 rated movies, many such films will never be accessible to people who live in markets that do not have art house theatres.
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526:
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68:
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1965:
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Austin, Bruce A. (September 1980). "The Influence of the MPAA's Film-Rating System on Motion Picture Attendance: A Pilot Study".
1608:
1469:, which features multiple same-sex kisses but no intercourse, strong language, violence, or nudity, was "rated R for being gay."
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reducing the British rating from a 15 rating to a 12A on the grounds that the uses of the expletive were not directed at anyone.
2199:
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1911:
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795:. The law was amended in 2013 as to prohibit persons under the age of 18 only if the film was considered "harmful to minors".
516:, which had been in place since 1930 and rigorously enforced since July 1, 1934, out of date and bearing "the odious smell of
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Snippets of language that go "beyond polite conversation" are permitted in G-rated films, but no stronger words are present.
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265:. Contains some adult material. Parents are urged to learn more about the film before taking their young children with them.
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complained that the studios are paying the budget of the MPAA, which gives the studios leverage over the MPAA's decisions.
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said the NC-17 rating did not give them much trouble in releasing this film (they had no problem booking it, and only the
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1581:, contained "explicit sexual content and dialogue" and received an NC-17 (the only on-screen penis seen in the film is a
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193:. Parents urged to give "parental guidance". May contain some material parents might not like for their young children.
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distributors, have charged that major studios' releases often receive more lenient treatment than independent films.
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The MPAA does not have any explicit criteria for sexual content other than excluding sex scenes from G-rated films.
94:. It is administered by the Classification & Ratings Administration (CARA), an independent division of the MPA.
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release or to feature on an Internet streaming service that will not carry films rated higher than PG-13. In 2020,
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3291:"Keith Coogan, Star of Adventures in Babysitting and Don't Tell Mom the Babysitter's Dead, Indulges Our Nostalgia"
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contain significantly more violence, sex, and profanity on average than movies of the same rating a decade ago."
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received an R rating for the profanity contained within the film, which prevented most of the intended audience,
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2707:"PG-13 Parents Strongly Cautioned Some Material May Be Inappropriate for Children Under 13 – Trademark Details"
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Shock Value: How a Few Eccentric Outsiders Gave Us Nightmares, Conquered Hollywood, and Invented Modern Horror
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By the early 2000s, the MPAA began applying rating explanations for PG, PG-13, and NC-17-rated films as well.
331:
If a film has not been submitted for a rating or is an uncut version of a film that was submitted, the labels
4735:"Study Finds "Ratings Creep": Movie Ratings Categories Contain More Violence, Sex, Profanity than Decade Ago"
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1670:), which show that parents find the ratings useful. Critics such as Matt Stone in Kirby Dick's documentary
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several times in a speech therapy context; the MPAA refused to recertify the film on appeal, despite the
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an X rating for its graphic violence, the first time a film had earned that rating purely for violence.
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Bozzuto, James C. (July 1, 1975). "Cinematic neurosis following "The Exorcist": Report of four cases".
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rule", the rule has been applied differently depending on the subject matter of the film. For example,
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4040:"DGA Task Force on Violence and Social Responsibility Statement in Response to FTC Report on Violence"
1404:(which were both rated R for language) along with films that push the extremes of violence, including
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1624:, despite being rated G. Twenty-five years after its release, one of the screenwriters for the film,
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read "Rated for brutal violence including a rape, some strong sexual content, nudity and language."
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48:
2806:"Opinion No. 13-101 – Constitutionality of Criminal Statute Regarding Admission of Minors to Movies"
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challenged this decision, and the MPAA ended up awarding the same cut an R rating on appeal). Actor
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609:: Restricted – Persons under 16 not admitted, unless accompanied by parent or adult guardian.
447:
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4185:"'R-Cards' Let Teens See Racy Movies: Some in Industry Say Cards Defeat Purpose of Ratings"
4158:"Free Speech and the Concept of "Torture Porn": Why are Critics So Hostile to "Hostel II"?"
1731:
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847:
In September 1990, the MPAA introduced the rating NC-17 ("No Children Under 17 Admitted").
735:
2399:
A/V A to Z: An Encyclopedic Dictionary of Media, Entertainment and Other Audiovisual Terms
8:
3944:"Greatest Box-Office Bombs, Disasters and Film Flops: The Most Notable Examples 1995 – 2"
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3346:"Every F-Bomb In Taylor Swift: The Eras Tour Movie & Timestamps For When They Happen"
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at the end of 1973, CARA president Aaron Stern took the unusual step of calling director
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229:. Parents are urged to be cautious. Some material may be inappropriate for pre-teenagers.
52:
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910:: Parents strongly cautioned – Some material may be inappropriate for children under 13.
875:: Parents strongly cautioned – Some material may be inappropriate for children under 13.
791:. The statute remained in force until 2013, when it was ruled to be in violation of the
762:: Parents strongly cautioned – Some material may be inappropriate for children under 13.
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1122:. The film contained only mild profanity, but was rated PG-13 because of a scene where
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578:
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466:
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that the R rating is "broad enough to include relatively family-friendly fare such as
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for language. There are several exceptional cases in which PG-13-rated films contain
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3578:
3319:
4712:
3872:
3844:
3558:
2625:
2484:
2449:
2118:
1514:
1202:
1034:
708:
484:
3657:
2578:
Richard Zoglin; Meg Grant/Los Angeles; Timothy Loughran/New York (June 25, 1984).
2488:
2210:
1219:
Authorities in Washington invoked a municipal ordinance that would have prevented
4701:"Violence, sex and profanity in films: correlation of movie ratings with content"
4646:
4000:
3914:
2734:
2629:
2090:
1709:
1595:) and, after multiple submissions and notes from the MPAA, received an R rating.
1542:
1252:
1223:
minors from seeing the film, threatening theater owners with arrest if they did.
849:
813:
792:
3943:
2804:
Cooper, Robert E. Jr.; Young, William E.; Gaylord, James E. (December 6, 2013).
807:"X"-rating as it appeared in theatrical posters prior to being replaced by NC-17
51:. Non-members of the MPA may also submit films for rating. Other media, such as
4815:
4488:
Atschison, Doug. "Separate and Unequal? How the MPAA Rates Independent Films."
4247:
2986:
2971:
2680:"'Red Dawn' redo lands director, scribe; MGM will remake the 1984 action drama"
1939:
1302:
1236:
904:: Parental guidance suggested – Some material may not be suitable for children.
869:: Parental guidance suggested – Some material may not be suitable for children.
756:: Parental guidance suggested – Some material may not be suitable for children.
40:
4700:
4073:
3562:
1812:
United States Conference of Catholic Bishops' Office for Film and Broadcasting
4824:
4508:"'The Hunchback of Notre Dame' at 25: 'The Most R-Rated G You Will Ever See'"
3856:
3763:
3570:
2518:
2496:
2424:
2383:
2333:
1479:
1465:
1429:
The film rating system has had a number of high-profile critics. Film critic
1325:
very groups for which they are not intended." As of March 2007, according to
1066:
1018:
629:
suitable for pre-teenagers". On February 11, 1972, "GP" was revised to "PG".
583:
4563:"'Finding Dory' And 'Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles 2' Get Surprising Ratings"
3371:"'The Hip Hop Project' Rated PG-13, Despite 17 F-Words – The Moviefone Blog"
1072:
Some forms of media are cut post-release so as to obtain a PG-13 rating for
4726:
4153:
3919:
3473:"To the MPAA ratings board, 'The King's Speech' is just as bad as 'Saw 3D'"
2057:"Attention, Web Surfers: The Following Film Trailer May Be Racy or Graphic"
1801:
1653:
1617:
1460:
1442:
1394:
1383:
1360:
1345:
1307:
1241:
1190:
555:
was the only one of 75 top U.S. exhibitors who refused to use the ratings.
552:
505:
3864:
674:: Parental guidance suggested – Some material may not be suitable for / .
4493:
3729:
3501:
3295:
3268:
2777:
1876:. (Salt Lake City, Utah). (The Moviegoer). October 31, 1968. p. 10A.
1745:
1578:
1550:
1537:
1493:
1488:
1435:
1430:
1349:
1157:
1127:
1118:
824:
788:
720:
1291:
released the original NC-17-rated American edition of the European film
1130:
criticized the MPAA for the rating and called it "a wild overreaction".
803:
4617:
2727:
2461:
1625:
1574:
1569:
1073:
916:: Restricted – Under 17 requires accompanying parent or adult guardian.
881:: Restricted – Under 17 requires accompanying parent or adult guardian.
768:: Restricted – Under 17 requires accompanying parent or adult guardian.
680:: Restricted – Under 17 requires accompanying parent or adult guardian.
651:: Restricted – Under 17 requires accompanying parent or adult guardian.
517:
423:
319:
3320:"'How Do You Know' Likely to Be Re-cut to Avoid R-Rating for Language"
3023:
The rating restricts anyone under the age of 18 from attending a film.
2611:"Rethinking PG-13: Ratings and the Boundaries of Childhood and Horror"
1992:
1906:. Classification and Rating Administration. January 1, 2010. pp.
1634:, saying, "That's the most R-rated G you will ever see in your life."
412:, print advertising, posters, and other media used to promote a film.
373:
A green band card for trailers that are suitable for general audiences
1970:
1700:
1412:
1298:
1283:
959:
840:
784:
730:
513:
79:
2453:
3239:
Freedom and Entertainment: Rating the Movies in an Age of New Media
1621:
1558:
1554:
1215:
1207:
1087:
1023:
950:
extreme or persistent will generally require at least an R rating.
725:
703:
566:
530:, which used prohibited language including "hump the hostess", and
458:
401:
A red band trailer card reserved for restricted or mature audiences
357:
1501:(under Shining Excalibur Films because Miramax, formerly owned by
1334:
During the controversy about the MPAA's decision to give the film
1162:
695:
In the 1980s, complaints about violence and gore in films such as
4161:
3658:"Universal Pictures Policy Regarding Tobacco Depictions in Films"
2967:"First Major Film With an NC-17 Rating Is Embraced by the Studio"
1563:
1508:
1498:
1061:
462:
2857:"The Cook, the Thief, His Wife & Her Lover (No MPAA Rating)"
2283:
Murphy, A.D. (November 20, 1968). "Coding Old Pix New Wrinkle".
2249:"MPAA Ratings in Effect But Not Being Widely Advertised - Yet".
827:
in American culture. In late 1989 and early 1990, respectively,
4809:
4595:
4567:
4124:"Ryan Gosling Says NC-17 Rating 'Stigmatizes' 'Blue Valentine'"
2782:
1640:
1424:
1152:
733:
infringement lawsuit against the producers and distributors of
603:: Suggested for mature audiences - Parental discretion advised.
532:
3733:
3420:"Weinstein Co. Changes Course, Edits 'Bully' for PG-13 Rating"
2198:
1048:, however, was given an R rating for one scene using the word
350:
If a film has not yet been assigned a final rating, the label
3548:
1635:
1582:
1098:
in the musical to qualify it as PG-13 under MPAA guidelines.
1026:, which has 42 uses of the word with two used sexually. Both
973:
536:, which was denied Code approval due to nudity, resulting in
2728:
Entertainment Law Reporter – Business Affairs for March 1984
2086:"Check the Box to Decide if a Film Is Right for Your Family"
811:
In the rating system's early years, "X"-rated films such as
157:. Nothing that would offend parents for viewing by children.
4610:
3037:"NATO Threatens Weinstein Co With NC-17 Rating For 'Bully'"
1613:
1271:
1144:, which included over 60 depictions of characters smoking.
1012:, which has four uses (six in the "Taylor's Version" cut);
978:
72:
39:
is used in the United States and its territories to rate a
4670:"'Ratings Creep' – or a Case of 'Once Bitten, Twice Shy'?"
3525:"Hamilton drops two uses of "fuck" to land on Disney Plus"
3100:
The Naked Truth: Why Hollywood Doesn't Make X-rated Movies
2266:"'X' Marks Spot For Only 1 of 1st MPAA Group: W7 'Girl'".
1680:
1598:
492:
the MPA logo, and links to MPA websites along the bottom.
3011:
587:. Both films were subsequently released by subsidiaries.
3448:"Philomena: Weinsteins win MPAA appeal against R rating"
227:
Some material may be inappropriate for children under 13
4072:. Bloody Disgusting LLC. March 12, 2007. Archived from
3221:. Motion Picture Association of America. Archived from
2905:
2903:
263:
Under 17 requires accompanying parent or adult guardian
1677:
need to be cut in order to get an alternative rating.
3795:
3068:"High hopes, low notes for film world's NC-17 rating"
2358:
The New Hollywood: From Bonnie and Clyde to Star Wars
1660:
4066:"MPAA Creating 'Hard-R', A More PC Version of NC-17"
3685:"PG-rated 'Rango' has anti-smoking advocates fuming"
2900:
1721:
1382:
Starting in 2004, GKC Theatres (since absorbed into
1160:", precipitated by parental pressure in response to
90:
that are used to help parents decide what films are
4409:"Teenager petitions to change R rating for 'Bully'"
4270:"Roger Ebert thinks the MPAA's ratings are useless"
3626:"Film Rating Board to Consider Smoking as a Factor"
3265:"Ready Player One's F-Bomb Is One of the Best Ever"
645:: All ages admitted – Parental guidance suggested.
4349:
3008:"Will Shame change the game for the NC-17 rating?"
2803:
2677:
2561:"Wording Changed in Classification of PG Movies".
1513:Many critics of the MPA rating system, especially
1377:
422:"Red band" redirects here. For the rock band, see
3879:
2302:Roadshow!: The Fall of Film Musicals in the 1960s
4822:
4694:
4692:
2351:
2349:
2347:
1000:where the word is used twice in the same scene;
358:Regulation of promotional materials and releases
354:is used in trailers and television commercials.
4591:"Disney's 'Frozen' Proves Failure Of PG Rating"
3189:"The Backstreet Boys plan a new album and tour"
1628:, talked about its rating in an interview with
690:
500:
4698:
4465:"LDS Cinema Gets Better and Gets a Bum Rating"
3758:
3756:
3754:
3242:. Cambridge University Press. pp. 47–51.
2883:"Henry: Portrait of a Serial Killer (Unrated)"
2580:"Show Business: Gremlins in the Rating System"
2114:"Have You Noticed Trailers Looking Different?"
1934:
1932:
1895:
1893:
1891:
1889:
1887:
1885:
1883:
1834:
1509:Inconsistent standards for independent studios
191:Some material may not be suitable for children
4699:Thompson, Kimberly M.; Yokota, Fumie (2004).
4689:
2678:Fernandez, Jay A.; Borys Kit (July 8, 2008).
2344:
1505:, hesitated to release it as an NC-17 film).
922:: Adults only – No one 17 and under admitted.
836:The Cook, the Thief, His Wife & Her Lover
387:A yellow band card used for internet trailers
86:era, the MPA rating system is one of various
78:In effect as of November 1968, following the
4484:
4482:
4383:
4356:(Paperback ed.). Public Affairs Press.
3888:"How Did 'The Exorcist' Escape an X Rating?"
3288:
2935:
2909:
2660:"Q&A: Steven Spielberg on Indiana Jones"
2050:
2048:
2046:
2044:
2042:
1425:Emphasis on sex and language versus violence
281:
272:
245:
236:
209:
200:
173:
164:
137:
128:
102:"PG-13" redirects here. For other uses, see
4406:
3751:
3728:
3397:"Screen It! Parental Review: Gunner Palace"
2960:
2958:
2854:
2231:: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
1929:
1880:
1065:, in which the film producer Chili Palmer (
301:. Clearly adult. Children are not admitted.
4758:"Why the MPAA Should Be Ashamed of Itself"
4341:
4130:. Viacom International Inc. Archived from
3417:
3180:
2244:
2242:
2194:
2192:
2054:
1463:further insists that his tame teen comedy
63:, are rated by other entities such as the
4810:Classification and Ratings Administration
4749:
4716:
4668:Greydanus, Steven D. (October 24, 2004).
4667:
4588:
4560:
4479:
3836:The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease
3801:
3522:
3186:
2773:"TN Law: 18 to buy R-rated movie tickets"
2747:"Dealers will label ratings on cassettes"
2039:
1864:
1862:
1694:
1612:has been criticized for its depiction of
1032:, a 2011 documentary about bullying, and
972:It is sometimes claimed that films rated
856:The ratings used from 1990 to 1996 were:
743:The ratings used from 1984 to 1990 were:
661:The ratings used from 1972 to 1984 were:
632:The ratings used from 1970 to 1972 were:
590:The ratings used from 1968 to 1970 were:
461:to public records on file. However, many
4866:1968 establishments in the United States
4781:
4637:Tobias, Patricia Eliot (November 1999).
4536:"Was Cars 2 Too Violent For A G-Rating?"
3962:
3701:
3065:
2964:
2955:
2437:
2167:"What are red-band trailers on YouTube?"
1272:Commercial viability of the NC-17 rating
1094:to remove two of the three instances of
898:: General audiences – All ages admitted.
863:: General audiences – All ages admitted.
802:
750:: General audiences – All ages admitted.
668:: General audiences – All ages admitted.
639:: All ages admitted – General audiences.
477:
4213:
4094:
3885:
3832:
3762:
3299:(Interview). Interviewed by Patti Greco
3097:
3005:
2991:. Tim & Donna Lucas. 1996. p.
2657:
2608:
2299:
2239:
2189:
2111:
1966:"Film-rating descriptors to add detail"
1870:"Questionable ratings to gain patronge"
1599:Inconsistent standards between G and PG
482:An example of the blue feature tag for
14:
4823:
4812:Official Website with ratings database
4782:Phillips, Michael (November 4, 2010).
4636:
4589:Mendelson, Scott (November 26, 2013).
4347:
4216:"Under 17 not admitted without R-card"
4152:
3498:"Using the F-word in PG-13/12A movies"
3492:
3490:
3445:
3343:
3235:
3034:
2474:
2355:
2282:
2139:
2055:Halbfinger, David M. (June 13, 2007).
1963:
1859:
1754:List of highest-grossing R-rated films
1588:South Park: Bigger, Longer & Uncut
798:
549:National Association of Theatre Owners
417:
313:
4533:
4305:
4286:
4267:
4241:
4195:from the original on February 2, 2011
4182:
3968:
3941:
3682:
3591:
3544:
3542:
3317:
3199:from the original on October 21, 2012
2880:
2671:
2396:
2105:
2012:
2010:
2008:
2006:
2004:
2002:
1944:Motion Picture Association of America
1917:from the original on December 4, 2014
1591:, was distributed by a major studio (
1177:
623:
510:Motion Picture Association of America
114:The MPA film ratings are as follows:
4841:Film censorship in the United States
4755:
4505:
4490:The Best American Movie Writing 2001
4462:
4327:"Happy 40th Birthday, Movie Ratings"
4324:
4121:
4097:"MPAA Wants New Rating For 'Hard R'"
3702:Thompson, Brian (October 11, 2010).
3631:. MPAA. May 10, 2007. Archived from
3446:Pulver, Andrew (November 14, 2013).
3418:McClintock, Pamela (April 5, 2012).
3262:
3066:Zeitchik, Steven (August 18, 2012).
2540:"Brief Reviews: MPAA Rating Guide".
2142:"Cat-and-Mouse for a Trashy Trailer"
2140:Barnes, Brooks (February 23, 2010).
2083:
1817:Film censorship in the United States
1059:This was satirized in the 2005 film
1054:British Board of Film Classification
939:
698:Indiana Jones and the Temple of Doom
4242:Ebert, Roger (September 24, 2000).
3516:
3487:
3035:Brooks, Brian (February 28, 2012).
2965:Weinraub, Bernard (July 21, 1995).
2910:David J. Fox (September 27, 1990).
2881:Ebert, Roger (September 14, 1990).
2647:from the original on March 7, 2020.
2077:
1769:Entertainment Software Rating Board
1370:, with its bloody depiction of the
1022:, a documentary of soldiers in the
976:are only able to use the expletive
109:
24:
4386:"G.B.F. Was Rated R for Being Gay"
4384:Rich Juzwiak (December 18, 2013).
4325:Cruz, Gilbert (October 30, 2008).
4308:"Getting Real About Movie Ratings"
4306:Ebert, Roger (December 11, 2010).
4287:Ebert, Roger (February 24, 2004).
4122:Vena, Jocelyn (December 8, 2010).
3592:Ebert, Roger (November 16, 2003).
3539:
3523:Alexander, Julia (June 23, 2020).
3289:Keith Coogan (December 12, 2011).
3006:Masters, Tim (November 30, 2011).
2822:from the original on July 16, 2018
2112:Wickman, Forrest (June 11, 2013).
2018:"Advertising Administration Rules"
1999:
1661:Call for publicizing the standards
830:Henry: Portrait of a Serial Killer
597:: Suggested for general audiences.
565:was the first film to receive the
508:, who had become president of the
222:PG-13 – Parents Strongly Cautioned
25:
4877:
4803:
4561:Mendelson, Scott (May 11, 2016).
4268:Tassi, Paul (December 14, 2010).
3886:Meacham, Roy (February 3, 1974).
1901:"Classification and Rating Rules"
1843:. Rialto Cinemas™. Archived from
988:multiple occurrences of the word
524:. Valenti cited examples such as
4784:"There's a word for the MPAA..."
4775:
4756:Chen, David (November 8, 2010).
4661:
4630:
4439:"R rating stuns 'Saints' makers"
4214:Paulson, Amanda (May 24, 2004).
4095:Stewart, Ryan (March 10, 2007).
3969:Dutka, Elaine (April 20, 2004).
3849:10.1097/00005053-197507000-00005
3373:. April 27, 2007. Archived from
3318:Brown, Ben (November 12, 2010).
2936:Jack Mathews (August 27, 1990).
2658:Windolf, Jim (January 2, 2008),
1964:Bowles, Scott (April 16, 2013).
1738:
1724:
1112:Product placement § Tobacco
1016:, which has seventeen uses; and
887:: No children under 17 admitted.
778:
615:: Persons under 16 not admitted.
394:
380:
366:
186:PG – Parental Guidance Suggested
4743:(Press release). July 13, 2004.
4740:Harvard School of Public Health
4582:
4554:
4527:
4499:
4456:
4431:
4400:
4377:
4318:
4299:
4280:
4261:
4244:"Ugly reality in movie ratings"
4235:
4207:
4183:Pinto, Barbara (June 1, 2004).
4176:
4146:
4115:
4088:
4058:
4032:
4008:
3988:
3950:. AMC Network Entertainment LLC
3935:
3907:
3826:
3807:"They Wait Hours to Be Shocked"
3722:
3695:
3676:
3650:
3618:
3585:
3465:
3439:
3411:
3389:
3363:
3344:Sharpe, Lynn (March 15, 2024).
3337:
3311:
3282:
3263:Byrd, Matthew (April 2, 2018).
3256:
3229:
3211:
3187:Josh Wolk (November 19, 1999).
3152:
3124:
3091:
3059:
3028:
2999:
2979:
2929:
2874:
2855:Roger Ebert (January 1, 1999).
2848:
2834:
2797:
2765:
2739:
2721:
2699:
2651:
2609:Antunes, Filipa (Spring 2017).
2602:
2571:
2554:
2533:
2511:
2468:
2431:
2390:
2326:
2293:
2276:
2259:
2159:
2133:
1688:Harvard School of Public Health
1182:
527:Who's Afraid of Virginia Woolf?
326:
3768:"Chapter Five: 'Shock or Awe'"
3399:. screenit.com. March 11, 2005
3219:"Changes in the Rating System"
2272:. October 22, 1968. p. 1.
2255:. November 4, 1968. p. 1.
2084:Dodd, Chris (April 18, 2013).
1985:
1957:
1828:
1790:Joseph Burstyn, Inc. v. Wilson
514:Motion Picture Production Code
92:appropriate for their children
13:
1:
4856:Media content ratings systems
4831:Motion picture rating systems
4534:Rorie, Matt (June 27, 2011).
4506:Bahr, Sarah (June 21, 2021).
4407:Sandy Cohen (March 8, 2012).
3971:"NC-17 comes out from hiding"
3915:"Dead cert: the NC-17 rating"
3683:Rubin, Rita (March 8, 2011).
3551:Journal of Children and Media
3160:"MPAA ratings: Sept. 1, 2010"
3132:"MPAA ratings: June 30, 2010"
2489:10.1080/00223980.1980.9915174
1822:
1681:Accusation of "ratings creep"
1419:
1281:released the big-budget film
1126:were briefly visible. Critic
1105:
930:The Girl Who Played with Fire
277:NC-17 rating symbol and block
205:PG-13 rating symbol and block
88:motion picture rating systems
4639:"Who Put the Sin in Cinema?"
2630:10.5406/jfilmvideo.69.1.0027
2567:. July 30, 1977. p. 34.
1837:"Frequently Asked Questions"
1567:, an independent release by
1545:, at the time a division of
983:
691:Addition of the PG-13 rating
501:Replacement of the Hays Code
299:No one 17 and under admitted
7:
4851:Cinema of the United States
4289:"The Passion of the Christ"
1717:
1609:The Hunchback of Notre Dame
1009:Taylor Swift: The Eras Tour
953:
944:
839:, two critically acclaimed
774:: No one under 17 admitted.
686:: No one under 17 admitted.
657:: No one under 17 admitted.
473:
27:American film rating system
10:
4882:
4836:Motion Picture Association
4675:National Catholic Register
4623:This Film is not Yet Rated
4538:. Screened. Archived from
4044:Directors Guild of America
3738:Motion Picture Association
2813:Tennessee Attorney General
2586:. Time Inc. Archived from
2397:Kroon, Richard W. (2014).
2025:Motion Picture Association
1779:Film and Publication Board
1705:irrelevance is imminent."
1673:This Film Is Not Yet Rated
1455:This Film Is Not Yet Rated
1322:Directors Guild of America
1244:echoed his criticism. "If
1188:
1109:
715:and executive producer of
495:
421:
352:This Film Is Not Yet Rated
169:PG rating symbol and block
101:
97:
84:classical Hollywood cinema
45:Motion Picture Association
34:Motion Picture Association
4221:Christian Science Monitor
3563:10.1080/17482790902772257
2842:"The MPAA Rating Systems"
2733:February 1, 2014, at the
2618:Journal of Film and Video
2477:The Journal of Psychology
2362:Columbia University Press
2300:Kennedy, Matthew (2014).
2201:(snopes) (May 25, 1993).
1759:List of NC-17 rated films
1434:other critics, including
1389:Christian Science Monitor
1147:
996:Adventures in Babysitting
241:R rating symbol and block
133:G rating symbol and block
122:
119:
4816:MPA Film Ratings website
4348:Farber, Stephen (1972).
3236:Vaughn, Stephen (2006).
3104:Rutgers University Press
2811:. Nashville, Tennessee:
1784:Green Sheet (filmmaking)
1340:(2010) an NC-17 rating (
1289:Fox Searchlight Pictures
1234:s commercial prospects.
1195:Prior to the release of
562:The Girl on a Motorcycle
512:in May 1966, deemed the
3098:Sandler, Kevin (2007).
2403:McFarland & Company
1835:Rialto Cinemas (2012).
1547:The Walt Disney Company
1210:" induced by the film.
966:All the President's Men
557:Warner Bros.-Seven Arts
4021:The Hollywood Reporter
3425:The Hollywood Reporter
3165:The Hollywood Reporter
3137:The Hollywood Reporter
2685:The Hollywood Reporter
2356:Krämer, Peter (2005).
1807:TV Parental Guidelines
1695:Questions of relevance
1606:'s 1996 adaptation of
1450:The Movie Ratings Game
1169:
1006:which has three uses;
808:
488:
310:bottom of the rating.
287:
278:
251:
242:
215:
206:
179:
170:
143:
134:
104:PG-13 (disambiguation)
65:TV Parental Guidelines
4475:on February 29, 2004.
4415:. CBS. Archived from
4352:The Movie Rating Game
2844:. September 16, 1994.
2751:Eugene Register-Guard
2564:The Los Angeles Times
2360:. Short Cuts Series.
1668:Princeton, New Jersey
1520:The independent film
1472:The 2011 documentary
1378:Issuance of "R Cards"
1342:The Weinstein Company
806:
481:
285:
276:
249:
240:
213:
204:
177:
168:
150:G – General Audiences
141:
132:
4620:(January 25, 2006).
4469:meridianmagazine.com
4337:on November 2, 2008.
4046:. September 14, 2000
3805:(January 27, 1974).
3732:(October 23, 2018).
3193:Entertainment Weekly
1732:United States portal
736:I Spit on Your Grave
120:Rating block/symbol
4846:Certification marks
4419:on November 3, 2013
4076:on October 10, 2012
3942:Dirks, Tim (2012).
3606:on October 12, 2007
3168:. September 1, 2010
2785:. February 19, 2009
2590:on October 29, 2010
2550:. February 2, 1981.
2521:. February 11, 1972
2441:Columbia Law Review
2177:on January 21, 2019
1774:Film Advisory Board
1686:put forward by the
1529:Requiem for a Dream
1523:Saints and Soldiers
1367:Saving Private Ryan
1042:needed some cuts).
1014:The Hip Hop Project
799:X replaced by NC-17
575:Sin With a Stranger
538:Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer
418:Theatrical trailers
408:The MPA also rates
314:Content descriptors
294:NC-17 – Adults Only
53:television programs
4861:1968 introductions
4513:The New York Times
4463:Baggaley, Thomas.
4134:on October 7, 2014
3893:The New York Times
3812:The New York Times
3704:"Spangle Magazine"
3594:"Movie Answer Man"
3475:. November 1, 2010
3042:Deadline Hollywood
2213:on August 18, 2017
2171:Common Sense Media
2146:The New York Times
2062:The New York Times
1764:Common Sense Media
1631:The New York Times
1593:Paramount Pictures
1265:The Street Fighter
1178:Effects of ratings
1156:specifically for "
1124:drug paraphernalia
1092:Lin-Manuel Miranda
820:A Clockwork Orange
809:
624:From M to GP to PG
489:
467:Common Sense Media
288:
286:NC-17 rating block
279:
252:
243:
216:
214:PG-13 rating block
207:
180:
171:
144:
135:
37:film rating system
4649:on April 16, 2003
4363:978-0-8183-0181-0
4156:(July 16, 2007).
4070:Bloody Disgusting
4016:"Foreign affairs"
3975:Los Angeles Times
3774:. Penguin Books.
3662:Universal Studios
3599:Chicago Sun-Times
3249:978-0-521-85258-6
3117:978-0-8135-4146-4
3073:Los Angeles Times
2942:Los Angeles Times
2916:Los Angeles Times
2753:. August 11, 1984
2375:978-0-231-85005-6
2027:. October 8, 2019
1797:Parental Advisory
1492:, which director
1261:martial arts film
1045:The King's Speech
982:once to avoid an
940:Rating components
307:
306:
155:All ages admitted
49:NC-17 rated films
16:(Redirected from
4873:
4798:
4797:
4795:
4793:
4779:
4773:
4772:
4770:
4768:
4753:
4747:
4744:
4730:
4720:
4696:
4687:
4686:
4684:
4682:
4665:
4659:
4658:
4656:
4654:
4645:. Archived from
4634:
4628:
4627:
4614:
4608:
4607:
4605:
4603:
4586:
4580:
4579:
4577:
4575:
4558:
4552:
4551:
4549:
4547:
4542:on June 29, 2011
4531:
4525:
4524:
4522:
4520:
4503:
4497:
4486:
4477:
4476:
4471:. Archived from
4460:
4454:
4453:
4451:
4449:
4435:
4429:
4428:
4426:
4424:
4404:
4398:
4397:
4395:
4393:
4381:
4375:
4374:
4372:
4370:
4355:
4345:
4339:
4338:
4333:. Archived from
4322:
4316:
4315:
4303:
4297:
4296:
4284:
4278:
4277:
4265:
4259:
4258:
4256:
4254:
4239:
4233:
4232:
4230:
4228:
4211:
4205:
4204:
4202:
4200:
4180:
4174:
4173:
4171:
4169:
4150:
4144:
4143:
4141:
4139:
4119:
4113:
4112:
4110:
4108:
4092:
4086:
4085:
4083:
4081:
4062:
4056:
4055:
4053:
4051:
4036:
4030:
4029:
4028:on July 3, 2009.
4024:. Archived from
4012:
4006:
4005:
3992:
3986:
3985:
3983:
3981:
3966:
3960:
3959:
3957:
3955:
3939:
3933:
3932:
3930:
3928:
3911:
3905:
3904:
3902:
3900:
3883:
3877:
3876:
3830:
3824:
3823:
3821:
3819:
3799:
3793:
3792:
3790:
3788:
3760:
3749:
3748:
3746:
3744:
3726:
3720:
3719:
3717:
3715:
3710:on July 16, 2011
3706:. Archived from
3699:
3693:
3692:
3680:
3674:
3673:
3671:
3669:
3664:. April 16, 2007
3654:
3648:
3647:
3645:
3643:
3638:on June 12, 2007
3637:
3630:
3622:
3616:
3615:
3613:
3611:
3602:. Archived from
3589:
3583:
3582:
3546:
3537:
3536:
3534:
3532:
3520:
3514:
3513:
3511:
3509:
3504:. March 25, 2013
3494:
3485:
3484:
3482:
3480:
3469:
3463:
3462:
3460:
3458:
3443:
3437:
3436:
3434:
3432:
3415:
3409:
3408:
3406:
3404:
3393:
3387:
3386:
3384:
3382:
3367:
3361:
3360:
3358:
3356:
3341:
3335:
3334:
3332:
3330:
3315:
3309:
3308:
3306:
3304:
3286:
3280:
3279:
3277:
3275:
3260:
3254:
3253:
3233:
3227:
3226:
3225:on May 30, 2009.
3215:
3209:
3208:
3206:
3204:
3184:
3178:
3177:
3175:
3173:
3156:
3150:
3149:
3147:
3145:
3128:
3122:
3121:
3095:
3089:
3088:
3082:
3080:
3063:
3057:
3056:
3051:
3049:
3032:
3026:
3025:
3020:
3018:
3003:
2997:
2996:
2983:
2977:
2976:
2962:
2953:
2952:
2950:
2948:
2933:
2927:
2926:
2924:
2922:
2907:
2898:
2897:
2895:
2893:
2878:
2872:
2871:
2869:
2867:
2852:
2846:
2845:
2838:
2832:
2831:
2829:
2827:
2821:
2810:
2801:
2795:
2794:
2792:
2790:
2769:
2763:
2762:
2760:
2758:
2743:
2737:
2725:
2719:
2718:
2716:
2714:
2703:
2697:
2696:
2694:
2692:
2675:
2669:
2668:
2655:
2649:
2648:
2646:
2615:
2606:
2600:
2599:
2597:
2595:
2575:
2569:
2568:
2558:
2552:
2551:
2537:
2531:
2530:
2528:
2526:
2519:"The Robesonian"
2515:
2509:
2508:
2472:
2466:
2465:
2435:
2429:
2428:
2394:
2388:
2387:
2353:
2342:
2330:
2324:
2323:
2297:
2291:
2290:
2280:
2274:
2273:
2263:
2257:
2256:
2246:
2237:
2236:
2230:
2222:
2220:
2218:
2209:. Archived from
2207:The Skeptic Tank
2196:
2187:
2186:
2184:
2182:
2173:. Archived from
2163:
2157:
2156:
2154:
2152:
2137:
2131:
2130:
2128:
2126:
2109:
2103:
2102:
2100:
2098:
2081:
2075:
2074:
2072:
2070:
2052:
2037:
2036:
2034:
2032:
2022:
2014:
1997:
1996:
1989:
1983:
1982:
1980:
1978:
1961:
1955:
1954:
1952:
1950:
1936:
1927:
1926:
1924:
1922:
1916:
1905:
1897:
1878:
1877:
1866:
1857:
1856:
1854:
1852:
1832:
1748:
1743:
1742:
1741:
1734:
1729:
1728:
1727:
1233:
1203:William Friedkin
1086:was released on
850:Henry & June
709:Steven Spielberg
543:
485:Edge of Tomorrow
398:
384:
370:
117:
116:
110:MPA film ratings
75:, respectively.
21:
18:Red band trailer
4881:
4880:
4876:
4875:
4874:
4872:
4871:
4870:
4821:
4820:
4806:
4801:
4791:
4789:
4787:Chicago Tribune
4780:
4776:
4766:
4764:
4754:
4750:
4733:
4697:
4690:
4680:
4678:
4666:
4662:
4652:
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4635:
4631:
4616:
4615:
4611:
4601:
4599:
4587:
4583:
4573:
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4559:
4555:
4545:
4543:
4532:
4528:
4518:
4516:
4504:
4500:
4487:
4480:
4461:
4457:
4447:
4445:
4437:
4436:
4432:
4422:
4420:
4405:
4401:
4391:
4389:
4382:
4378:
4368:
4366:
4364:
4346:
4342:
4323:
4319:
4304:
4300:
4285:
4281:
4266:
4262:
4252:
4250:
4240:
4236:
4226:
4224:
4212:
4208:
4198:
4196:
4181:
4177:
4167:
4165:
4151:
4147:
4137:
4135:
4120:
4116:
4106:
4104:
4093:
4089:
4079:
4077:
4064:
4063:
4059:
4049:
4047:
4038:
4037:
4033:
4014:
4013:
4009:
4001:Box Office Mojo
3996:"Bad Education"
3994:
3993:
3989:
3979:
3977:
3967:
3963:
3953:
3951:
3940:
3936:
3926:
3924:
3923:. July 25, 1999
3913:
3912:
3908:
3898:
3896:
3884:
3880:
3831:
3827:
3817:
3815:
3803:Klemesrud, Judy
3800:
3796:
3786:
3784:
3782:
3761:
3752:
3742:
3740:
3734:"Rating Nudity"
3727:
3723:
3713:
3711:
3700:
3696:
3681:
3677:
3667:
3665:
3656:
3655:
3651:
3641:
3639:
3635:
3628:
3624:
3623:
3619:
3609:
3607:
3590:
3586:
3547:
3540:
3530:
3528:
3521:
3517:
3507:
3505:
3496:
3495:
3488:
3478:
3476:
3471:
3470:
3466:
3456:
3454:
3444:
3440:
3430:
3428:
3416:
3412:
3402:
3400:
3395:
3394:
3390:
3380:
3378:
3369:
3368:
3364:
3354:
3352:
3342:
3338:
3328:
3326:
3316:
3312:
3302:
3300:
3287:
3283:
3273:
3271:
3261:
3257:
3250:
3234:
3230:
3217:
3216:
3212:
3202:
3200:
3185:
3181:
3171:
3169:
3158:
3157:
3153:
3143:
3141:
3140:. June 30, 2010
3130:
3129:
3125:
3118:
3096:
3092:
3078:
3076:
3064:
3060:
3047:
3045:
3033:
3029:
3016:
3014:
3004:
3000:
2985:
2984:
2980:
2963:
2956:
2946:
2944:
2934:
2930:
2920:
2918:
2908:
2901:
2891:
2889:
2879:
2875:
2865:
2863:
2853:
2849:
2840:
2839:
2835:
2825:
2823:
2819:
2808:
2802:
2798:
2788:
2786:
2771:
2770:
2766:
2756:
2754:
2745:
2744:
2740:
2735:Wayback Machine
2726:
2722:
2712:
2710:
2705:
2704:
2700:
2690:
2688:
2676:
2672:
2656:
2652:
2644:
2613:
2607:
2603:
2593:
2591:
2576:
2572:
2560:
2559:
2555:
2539:
2538:
2534:
2524:
2522:
2517:
2516:
2512:
2473:
2469:
2454:10.2307/1121227
2436:
2432:
2417:
2395:
2391:
2376:
2354:
2345:
2341:, May 30, 1969.
2331:
2327:
2320:
2298:
2294:
2281:
2277:
2265:
2264:
2260:
2248:
2247:
2240:
2224:
2223:
2216:
2214:
2197:
2190:
2180:
2178:
2165:
2164:
2160:
2150:
2148:
2138:
2134:
2124:
2122:
2110:
2106:
2096:
2094:
2091:Huffington Post
2082:
2078:
2068:
2066:
2053:
2040:
2030:
2028:
2020:
2016:
2015:
2000:
1991:
1990:
1986:
1976:
1974:
1962:
1958:
1948:
1946:
1938:
1937:
1930:
1920:
1918:
1914:
1903:
1899:
1898:
1881:
1868:
1867:
1860:
1850:
1848:
1847:on July 5, 2022
1833:
1829:
1825:
1744:
1739:
1737:
1730:
1725:
1723:
1720:
1710:Chicago Tribune
1697:
1683:
1663:
1657:for no reason.
1601:
1543:Dimension Films
1511:
1427:
1422:
1401:Erin Brockovich
1380:
1274:
1253:Richard Heffner
1231:
1193:
1187:
1180:
1172:
1150:
1138:-animated film
1114:
1108:
956:
947:
942:
814:Midnight Cowboy
801:
793:First Amendment
781:
693:
626:
541:
522:First Amendment
503:
498:
476:
427:
420:
406:
405:
404:
403:
402:
399:
390:
389:
388:
385:
376:
375:
374:
371:
360:
329:
316:
280:
244:
208:
178:PG rating block
172:
136:
112:
107:
100:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
4879:
4869:
4868:
4863:
4858:
4853:
4848:
4843:
4838:
4833:
4819:
4818:
4813:
4805:
4804:External links
4802:
4800:
4799:
4774:
4748:
4746:
4745:
4688:
4660:
4629:
4609:
4581:
4553:
4526:
4498:
4478:
4455:
4430:
4399:
4376:
4362:
4340:
4317:
4298:
4279:
4260:
4248:RogerEbert.com
4234:
4206:
4175:
4145:
4114:
4087:
4057:
4031:
4007:
3987:
3961:
3934:
3906:
3878:
3825:
3794:
3780:
3764:Zinoman, Jason
3750:
3721:
3694:
3675:
3649:
3617:
3584:
3557:(2): 117–135.
3538:
3515:
3486:
3464:
3438:
3410:
3388:
3377:on May 4, 2012
3362:
3336:
3310:
3281:
3255:
3248:
3228:
3210:
3179:
3151:
3123:
3116:
3090:
3058:
3027:
2998:
2988:Video Watchdog
2978:
2972:New York Times
2954:
2928:
2899:
2887:RogerEbert.com
2873:
2861:RogerEbert.com
2847:
2833:
2796:
2764:
2738:
2720:
2698:
2670:
2650:
2601:
2570:
2553:
2532:
2510:
2467:
2448:(2): 185–240.
2430:
2415:
2389:
2374:
2343:
2325:
2318:
2292:
2275:
2258:
2238:
2203:"Re: The MPAA"
2188:
2158:
2132:
2104:
2076:
2038:
1998:
1984:
1956:
1940:"Film Ratings"
1928:
1879:
1858:
1841:Rialto Cinemas
1826:
1824:
1821:
1820:
1819:
1814:
1809:
1804:
1799:
1794:
1786:
1781:
1776:
1771:
1766:
1761:
1756:
1750:
1749:
1735:
1719:
1716:
1696:
1693:
1682:
1679:
1662:
1659:
1600:
1597:
1541:, released by
1510:
1507:
1484:high schoolers
1441:MPAA chairman
1426:
1423:
1421:
1418:
1379:
1376:
1372:D-Day landings
1359:Legal scholar
1337:Blue Valentine
1303:Salt Lake City
1273:
1270:
1189:Main article:
1186:
1181:
1179:
1176:
1171:
1168:
1149:
1146:
1107:
1104:
1090:after cuts by
1003:Antwone Fisher
955:
952:
946:
943:
941:
938:
924:
923:
917:
911:
905:
899:
889:
888:
882:
876:
870:
864:
800:
797:
780:
777:
776:
775:
769:
763:
757:
751:
713:Temple of Doom
711:, director of
692:
689:
688:
687:
681:
675:
669:
659:
658:
652:
646:
640:
625:
622:
617:
616:
610:
604:
598:
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475:
472:
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452:
440:
419:
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393:
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386:
379:
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377:
372:
365:
364:
363:
362:
361:
359:
356:
328:
325:
315:
312:
305:
304:
303:
302:
296:
289:
269:
268:
267:
266:
260:
258:R – Restricted
253:
250:R rating block
233:
232:
231:
230:
224:
217:
197:
196:
195:
194:
188:
181:
161:
160:
159:
158:
152:
145:
142:G rating block
125:
124:
121:
111:
108:
99:
96:
41:motion picture
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4878:
4867:
4864:
4862:
4859:
4857:
4854:
4852:
4849:
4847:
4844:
4842:
4839:
4837:
4834:
4832:
4829:
4828:
4826:
4817:
4814:
4811:
4808:
4807:
4788:
4785:
4778:
4763:
4762:slashfilm.com
4759:
4752:
4742:
4741:
4736:
4732:
4731:
4728:
4724:
4719:
4714:
4710:
4706:
4702:
4695:
4693:
4677:
4676:
4671:
4664:
4648:
4644:
4640:
4633:
4625:
4624:
4619:
4613:
4598:
4597:
4592:
4585:
4570:
4569:
4564:
4557:
4546:September 18,
4541:
4537:
4530:
4515:
4514:
4509:
4502:
4495:
4491:
4485:
4483:
4474:
4470:
4466:
4459:
4444:
4440:
4434:
4418:
4414:
4410:
4403:
4387:
4380:
4365:
4359:
4354:
4353:
4344:
4336:
4332:
4328:
4321:
4313:
4309:
4302:
4294:
4290:
4283:
4275:
4271:
4264:
4249:
4245:
4238:
4223:
4222:
4217:
4210:
4194:
4190:
4186:
4179:
4163:
4159:
4155:
4154:Hilden, Julie
4149:
4133:
4129:
4125:
4118:
4102:
4098:
4091:
4075:
4071:
4067:
4061:
4045:
4041:
4035:
4027:
4023:
4022:
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3920:The Guardian
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3843:(1): 43–48.
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3375:the original
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3223:the original
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2789:February 21,
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2588:the original
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2523:. Retrieved
2513:
2483:(1): 91–99.
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2289:. p. 1.
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2215:. Retrieved
2211:the original
2206:
2179:. Retrieved
2175:the original
2161:
2151:February 24,
2149:. Retrieved
2145:
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2123:. Retrieved
2117:
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2095:. Retrieved
2089:
2079:
2067:. Retrieved
2065:. p. E1
2060:
2029:. Retrieved
1987:
1975:. Retrieved
1969:
1959:
1947:. Retrieved
1921:November 30,
1919:. Retrieved
1874:Deseret News
1873:
1849:. Retrieved
1845:the original
1840:
1830:
1802:Pink permits
1788:
1708:
1707:
1699:
1698:
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1664:
1654:Finding Dory
1652:
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1618:antiziganism
1607:
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1461:Darren Stein
1453:
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1443:Dan Glickman
1440:
1428:
1411:
1407:Pulp Fiction
1405:
1399:
1395:Billy Elliot
1393:
1387:
1384:AMC Theatres
1381:
1365:
1361:Julie Hilden
1358:
1346:Ryan Gosling
1335:
1333:
1326:
1319:
1312:
1308:Deseret News
1306:
1294:The Dreamers
1292:
1282:
1275:
1263:
1257:The Exorcist
1256:
1250:
1246:The Exorcist
1245:
1242:Pauline Kael
1235:
1229:The Exorcist
1228:
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1198:The Exorcist
1196:
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1191:The Exorcist
1184:The Exorcist
1183:
1173:
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1100:
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683:
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648:
642:
636:
631:
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618:
612:
606:
600:
594:
589:
582:
574:
560:
553:Walter Reade
546:
531:
525:
506:Jack Valenti
504:
490:
483:
454:
446:
442:
436:
430:Rating cards
429:
428:
414:
407:
351:
349:
344:
340:
336:
332:
330:
327:Other labels
317:
308:
298:
293:
262:
257:
226:
221:
190:
185:
154:
149:
113:
77:
36:
33:
31:
29:
4792:February 8,
4602:October 11,
4574:October 11,
4494:John Landis
3730:Joan Graves
3714:February 1,
3527:. The Verge
3502:Den of Geek
3296:Vulture.com
3269:Den of Geek
3172:October 19,
3144:October 19,
3079:January 10,
3048:January 10,
3017:January 10,
2778:Action News
2757:January 31,
2665:Vanity Fair
2525:November 5,
1746:Film portal
1579:Trey Parker
1559:erect penis
1551:ejaculation
1538:Scary Movie
1535:The comedy
1515:independent
1494:Larry Clark
1436:David Ansen
1431:Roger Ebert
1158:male nudity
1136:Nickelodeon
1128:Roger Ebert
1119:Whale Rider
1078:a recording
920:Rated NC-17
908:Rated PG-13
885:Rated NC-17
873:Rated PG-13
825:pornography
817:(1969) and
789:misdemeanor
760:Rated PG-13
721:John Milius
443:Yellow band
61:video games
4825:Categories
4767:October 3,
4643:Written by
4618:Kirby Dick
4423:August 20,
4369:October 3,
4107:October 1,
4080:October 1,
3980:October 1,
3954:October 1,
3531:January 1,
3508:January 1,
3479:January 1,
3350:ScreenRant
3329:January 1,
3274:January 1,
3203:January 6,
3106:. p.
2947:August 20,
2921:August 20,
2713:October 7,
2405:. p.
2364:. p.
2308:. p.
1977:August 18,
1823:References
1626:Tab Murphy
1575:Matt Stone
1570:South Park
1420:Criticisms
1305:newspaper
1237:New Yorker
1110:See also:
1106:Substances
1074:home media
518:censorship
437:Green band
424:Red (band)
320:home video
4705:MedGenMed
4448:March 15,
4168:March 22,
4103:. AOL Inc
4101:Moviefone
3857:0022-3018
3689:USA Today
3668:August 5,
3571:1748-2798
3381:March 31,
3303:August 3,
2892:August 1,
2866:August 1,
2638:152216521
2624:(1): 11.
2594:August 1,
2505:144395298
2497:0022-3980
2425:910109344
2384:952779968
2217:August 1,
1993:"History"
1971:USA Today
1949:March 24,
1851:August 1,
1701:Slashfilm
1573:creators
1413:Kill Bill
1299:spokesman
1284:Showgirls
1251:In 1974,
1035:Philomena
960:Profanity
841:art films
785:Tennessee
783:In 1989,
731:trademark
723:war film
579:Universal
571:Paramount
459:ZIP Codes
448:Halloween
333:Not Rated
80:Hays Code
4727:15520625
4711:(3): 3.
4496:. 59–69.
4413:CBS News
4227:July 26,
4193:Archived
4189:ABC News
4128:MTV News
3948:filmsite
3899:March 1,
3818:March 1,
3787:March 3,
3766:(2011).
3743:June 18,
3642:July 26,
3610:July 26,
3579:38118008
3457:April 2,
3403:July 26,
3324:Collider
3197:Archived
2826:July 16,
2817:Archived
2731:Archived
2709:. Justia
2642:Archived
2543:New York
2227:cite web
2181:July 29,
2125:July 22,
2097:July 22,
2069:July 15,
2031:July 22,
1912:Archived
1718:See also
1622:genocide
1555:fellatio
1216:crucifix
1208:neurosis
1083:Hamilton
1024:Iraq War
984:R rating
954:Language
945:Violence
902:Rated PG
867:Rated PG
754:Rated PG
726:Red Dawn
717:Gremlins
704:Gremlins
672:Rated PG
643:Rated GP
567:X rating
474:Releases
455:Red band
123:Meaning
71:and the
4718:1435631
4626:(Film).
4519:July 6,
4199:July 7,
4164:'s Writ
4162:FindLaw
4138:June 4,
3873:9570535
3865:1151359
3431:May 15,
3355:May 16,
2691:May 12,
2462:1121227
2306:OUP USA
1564:Orgazmo
1557:and an
1499:Miramax
1328:Variety
1240:critic
1102:1980s.
1088:Disney+
1062:Be Cool
914:Rated R
896:Rated G
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