655:
258:
in 1865 but resigned two years later in 1867, when the organization decided to make women eligible for membership. Being strongly opposed to women's suffrage, Cremer might have now felt that the organisation was becoming too radical. While heavily involved in campaigning for progressive causes and
620:
624:
271:
From as early as his first unsuccessful run for
Parliament in 1868, Cremer had advocated the expansion of international arbitration as peaceful alternative to war for the resolution of disputes.
243:. His father was a coachman, who abandoned the family soon after Randal Cremer was born. His mother raised him along with his two sisters, ensuring he received an education at a local
2669:
1712:
454:
38:
2689:
1941:
2386:
1122:
2267:
254:
Moving to London 1852, Cremer became active as a union organiser, swiftly becoming a recognized labour leader. Cremer was elected as the
Secretary of the
682:
2442:
2315:
2033:
1238:
1905:
1638:
873:
1489:
621:"1936 Nobel Peace Prize Award Medal. Gold. 65 mm. 222.4 grams. 23 karat. Awarded to Argentinian Carlos Saavedra Lamas. About Uncirculated"
309:, which during his lifetime were successful in peacefully resolving numerous international disputes. This work includes co-founding the
2649:
2193:
1115:
882:
755:
727:
255:
2679:
1708:
1540:
1497:
1303:
2057:
827:
790:
279:
53:
2435:
1049:
2554:
823:
786:
275:
216:
49:
2654:
1108:
832:
799:
795:
518:
2659:
1131:
843:
88:
305:. Using his network of contacts and his talent for organisation, Cremer did much to create and expand institutions for
2674:
2293:
2159:
1572:
326:
283:
432:
2618:
2613:
2608:
2603:
2598:
2588:
2583:
2428:
1774:
866:
354:
293:
Using his platform as an MP, Cremer cultivated allies on both continental Europe and across the
Atlantic, including
2724:
2719:
2684:
773:
438:
337:
314:
325:
territory (the treaty was rejected by the US Senate and never went into effect); and preparing the ground for the
1568:
1186:
247:
school. He augmented his knowledge by attending free lectures, was apprenticed as a builder and became a skilled
2484:
409:
2714:
2709:
2704:
2699:
2694:
2081:
859:
1965:
981:
836:
318:
683:
Link to article about Cremer by Simon Hall-Raleigh in
Journal of Liberal History, Issue 9, December 1995
673:
2664:
2493:
2045:
1246:
703:
2729:
2480:
310:
306:
228:
321:
between the United States and
Britain that would have required arbitration of major disputes as the
2461:
1091:
1033:
906:
901:
585:
336:, the first to do so solo, in 1903. Of the ÂŁ8,000 award he donated ÂŁ7,000 as an endowment for the
1917:
1897:
851:
431:
2577:
1812:
389:
534:
2523:
2404:
2393:
2374:
2359:
2348:
2337:
2322:
2311:
2300:
2289:
2274:
2263:
2252:
2233:
2222:
2211:
2200:
2185:
2170:
2155:
2144:
2133:
2122:
2107:
1792:
1781:
1770:
1759:
1751:
1742:
1730:
1723:
1719:
1442:
1214:
1210:
1150:
1015:
1006:
963:
896:
747:
737:
298:
347:
2237:
1869:
1481:
1222:
916:
911:
2644:
2639:
2352:
1338:
1258:
1170:
1054:
8:
2562:
1158:
294:
2049:
1997:
1692:
1430:
664:
654:
212:(18 March 1828 â 22 July 1908) usually known by his middle name "Randal", was a British
2382:
2304:
1630:
1556:
1473:
1368:
1202:
1194:
322:
213:
164:
2504:
2278:
2163:
1981:
1676:
1660:
1622:
1403:
1395:
1274:
1234:
1135:
1100:
514:
474:
373:
333:
224:
183:
177:
1326:
2469:
2397:
2282:
2204:
1989:
1925:
1465:
1422:
1372:
1334:
567:
466:
189:
1826:
1166:
2531:
2378:
2245:
2148:
1973:
1861:
1838:
1818:
1391:
1346:
1080:
987:
975:
765:
677:
358:
302:
194:
1614:
372:
Cremer died on 22 July 1908, leaving an estate of ÂŁ2,241 (ÂŁ1,803 net). Cremer's
2367:
2256:
2178:
2111:
2037:
2009:
2005:
1881:
1857:
1785:
1684:
1668:
1318:
1075:
1957:
1830:
1763:
2633:
2420:
2326:
2241:
2073:
2061:
2025:
2021:
1889:
1700:
1587:
1457:
1407:
1226:
478:
380:
in London in
November 1985 for $ 16,750 (equivalent to $ 47,451 in 2023)
2537:
2215:
2174:
2137:
2126:
2089:
2017:
1933:
1796:
1595:
1548:
1254:
1154:
938:
506:
377:
223:, and a leading advocate for international arbitration. He was awarded the
649:
598:
239:
Cremer was born to a working-class family in the southern
English town of
2543:
2452:
2363:
2330:
1949:
1913:
1877:
1438:
993:
816:
806:
571:
111:
76:
2341:
2226:
2115:
1266:
687:
Evans, H.: Sir Randal Cremer: his life and work. T. Fisher Unwin, 1909.
427:
332:
In recognition of his work in the arbitration movement, Cremer won the
149:
2069:
1560:
1070:
364:
Randal Cremer
Primary School, in Haggerston, is named in his honour.
287:
260:
248:
244:
136:
470:
881:
220:
2189:
698:
266:
240:
132:
1734:
491:
Views of Anti-Suffrage MP William Cremer, The Times, April 1906
351:
344:
153:
670:
286:
from 1885 to 1895, and then from 1900 until his death from
1942:
International
Physicians for the Prevention of Nuclear War
37:
25:
660:
The
Progress and Advantages of International Arbitration
1130:
2670:
Members of the International Workingmen's Association
263:, Cremer did not agree with a worker-led revolution.
2268:
Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons
671:
The Hugh & Helene Schonfield World Service Trust
566:. David Duncan and William Ward. 24 October 1908.
2690:Liberal Party (UK) MPs for English constituencies
2316:International Campaign to Abolish Nuclear Weapons
584:Among the world's peacemakers: an epitome of the
2631:
2450:
658:including the Nobel Lecture, January 15, 1905
267:Role in the international arbitration movement
2436:
1906:United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees
1639:United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees
1116:
867:
443:. Vol. 1. London: Smith, Elder & Co.
704:contributions in Parliament by Randal Cremer
505:
2443:
2429:
1123:
1109:
874:
860:
653:
410:"The Nobel Peace Prize 1903 Randal Cremer"
36:
2194:Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change
501:
499:
497:
1709:International Committee of the Red Cross
1541:International Committee of the Red Cross
1498:Nansen International Office for Refugees
1304:International Committee of the Red Cross
327:Hague peace conferences of 1899 and 1907
101:18 December 1885 â 13 July 1895
2058:International Campaign to Ban Landmines
1023:1868: Cornell William Frederick Stepney
66:24 October 1900 â 22 July 1908
2632:
883:International Workingmen's Association
756:International Workingmen's Association
728:International Workingmen's Association
494:
256:International Workingmen's Association
2424:
1104:
855:
591:
509:(2012). "Chpt 3: The empire of Law".
459:American Journal of International Law
343:He also was named a Chevalier of the
945:Position reappointed at each meeting
613:
557:
555:
1050:Cercle des prolétaires positivistes
426:
13:
2294:Tunisian National Dialogue Quartet
2160:International Atomic Energy Agency
1573:American Friends Service Committee
317:; gaining acceptance for the 1897
284:Metropolitan Borough of Shoreditch
14:
2741:
1775:International Labour Organization
844:Rupert Guinness, Viscount Elveden
691:
552:
2650:Deaths from pneumonia in England
774:Parliament of the United Kingdom
439:Dictionary of National Biography
338:International Arbitration League
315:International Arbitration League
2680:Knights of the Legion of Honour
1974:Tenzin Gyatso (14th Dalai Lama)
1187:Institut de Droit International
623:. Stacks Bowers. Archived from
1092:Pan-European political parties
599:"Randal Cremer Primary School"
578:
527:
485:
447:
433:"Cremer, William Randal"
420:
402:
227:in 1903 for his work with the
16:English politician (1828â1908)
1:
1713:League of Red Cross Societies
1239:Paul Estournelles de Constant
643:
234:
7:
2655:Nobel Peace Prize laureates
588:edited by Hayne Davis, 1908
383:
10:
2746:
2660:English anti-war activists
2387:Center for Civil Liberties
1247:International Peace Bureau
274:He was elected as Liberal
2675:Inter-Parliamentary Union
2572:
2553:
2522:
2503:
2479:
2460:
2099:
1848:
1605:
1382:
1142:
1089:
1063:
1042:
1029:1871: Albert Filix Thiesz
925:
889:
840:
821:
813:
803:
784:
779:
772:
762:
754:General Secretary of the
752:
744:
734:
726:General Secretary of the
724:
716:
711:
601:. Hackney Borough Council
311:Inter-Parliamentary Union
307:international arbitration
229:international arbitration
210:Sir William Randal Cremer
203:
170:
160:
143:
126:
121:
117:
105:
94:
82:
70:
59:
48:
44:
35:
23:
2082:MĂ©decins Sans FrontiĂšres
1043:Affiliated organisations
907:Brussels Congress (1868)
902:Lausanne Congress (1867)
667:on www.nobel-winners.com
586:Interparliamentary Union
562:"Sir W. Cremer's Will".
395:
367:
355:Knighthood of Saint Olaf
2725:British Nobel laureates
2720:English Nobel laureates
2685:Liberal-Labour (UK) MPs
1569:Friends Service Council
676:6 November 2017 at the
665:About Sir Randal Cremer
455:"William Randal Cremer"
390:List of peace activists
376:was sold at auction at
319:OlneyâPauncefote Treaty
2578:Nobel Prize recipients
2555:Physiology or Medicine
2544:Marie SkĆodowska-Curie
1966:UN Peacekeeping Forces
1815: (declined award)
1724:Martin Luther King Jr.
1016:George William Wheeler
1007:George William Wheeler
897:Geneva Congress (1866)
299:William Jennings Bryan
147:22 July 1908 (aged 80)
2494:BjĂžrnstjerne BjĂžrnson
2238:Ellen Johnson Sirleaf
1918:Alfonso GarcĂa Robles
1898:Adolfo PĂ©rez Esquivel
1870:Amnesty International
1482:Carlos Saavedra Lamas
917:Hague Congress (1872)
912:Basel Congress (1869)
539:The Nobel Peace Prize
2353:World Food Programme
1055:National Labor Union
824:Member of Parliament
787:Member of Parliament
465:(4): 858â862. 1908.
276:Member of Parliament
217:Member of Parliament
50:Member of Parliament
2563:Niels Ryberg Finsen
2034:Pugwash Conferences
511:Governing the world
2305:Juan Manuel Santos
1631:George C. Marshall
1474:Carl von Ossietzky
1369:Austen Chamberlain
1235:A. M. F. Beernaert
1203:Theodore Roosevelt
1195:Bertha von Suttner
1011:1865: William Dell
712:Political offices
652:on Nobelprize.org
2665:English pacifists
2627:
2626:
2418:
2417:
2279:Kailash Satyarthi
2164:Mohamed ElBaradei
1982:Mikhail Gorbachev
1677:Philip Noel-Baker
1661:Lester B. Pearson
1623:Albert Schweitzer
1404:Ferdinand Buisson
1396:Gustav Stresemann
1275:Henri La Fontaine
1136:Nobel Peace Prize
1098:
1097:
1026:1870: John Weston
1020:1867: Robert Shaw
952:General Secretary
850:
849:
841:Succeeded by
804:Succeeded by
763:Succeeded by
735:Succeeded by
564:The Cardiff Times
374:Nobel Prize medal
334:Nobel Peace Prize
225:Nobel Peace Prize
207:
206:
188:Chevalier of the
184:Order of St. Olav
178:Nobel Peace Prize
2737:
2730:Knights Bachelor
2715:UK MPs 1906â1910
2710:UK MPs 1900â1906
2705:UK MPs 1892â1895
2700:UK MPs 1886â1892
2695:UK MPs 1885â1886
2580:
2470:Svante Arrhenius
2445:
2438:
2431:
2422:
2421:
2411:
2400:
2398:Narges Mohammadi
2389:
2370:
2355:
2344:
2333:
2318:
2307:
2296:
2285:
2283:Malala Yousafzai
2270:
2259:
2248:
2229:
2218:
2207:
2205:Martti Ahtisaari
2196:
2181:
2166:
2151:
2140:
2129:
2118:
2092:
2084:
2076:
2064:
2052:
2050:José Ramos-Horta
2040:
2028:
2012:
2000:
1998:Rigoberta MenchĂș
1992:
1990:Aung San Suu Kyi
1984:
1976:
1968:
1960:
1952:
1944:
1936:
1928:
1920:
1908:
1900:
1892:
1884:
1872:
1864:
1862:Mairead Corrigan
1841:
1833:
1821:
1806:
1805:
1799:
1788:
1777:
1766:
1755:
1754:
1746:
1745:
1737:
1726:
1715:
1703:
1695:
1693:Dag Hammarskjöld
1687:
1679:
1671:
1663:
1655:
1654:
1648:
1647:
1641:
1633:
1625:
1617:
1598:
1590:
1582:
1581:
1575:
1563:
1551:
1543:
1535:
1534:
1528:
1527:
1521:
1520:
1514:
1513:
1507:
1506:
1500:
1492:
1484:
1476:
1468:
1466:Arthur Henderson
1460:
1452:
1451:
1445:
1433:
1431:Nathan Söderblom
1425:
1423:Frank B. Kellogg
1417:
1416:
1410:
1398:
1375:
1363:
1362:
1356:
1355:
1349:
1341:
1335:Hjalmar Branting
1329:
1321:
1313:
1312:
1306:
1298:
1297:
1291:
1290:
1284:
1283:
1277:
1269:
1261:
1249:
1241:
1229:
1217:
1205:
1197:
1189:
1181:
1173:
1161:
1125:
1118:
1111:
1102:
1101:
876:
869:
862:
853:
852:
814:Preceded by
781:New constituency
745:Preceded by
717:Preceded by
709:
708:
657:
637:
636:
634:
632:
627:on 13 March 2023
617:
611:
610:
608:
606:
595:
589:
582:
576:
575:
559:
550:
549:
547:
545:
531:
525:
524:
520:9780-7-1399683-8
503:
492:
489:
483:
482:
451:
445:
444:
441:(2nd supplement)
435:
424:
418:
417:
406:
348:LĂ©gion d'honneur
190:Legion of Honour
122:Personal details
108:
99:
85:
73:
64:
40:
21:
20:
2745:
2744:
2740:
2739:
2738:
2736:
2735:
2734:
2630:
2629:
2628:
2623:
2576:
2568:
2549:
2546:(Poland/France)
2532:Henri Becquerel
2518:
2515:(Great Britain)
2499:
2475:
2456:
2449:
2419:
2414:
2409:to be announced
2403:
2392:
2379:Ales Bialiatski
2373:
2358:
2347:
2336:
2321:
2310:
2299:
2288:
2273:
2262:
2251:
2246:Tawakkol Karman
2232:
2221:
2210:
2199:
2184:
2169:
2154:
2149:Wangari Maathai
2143:
2132:
2121:
2106:
2095:
2087:
2079:
2067:
2055:
2043:
2031:
2015:
2003:
1995:
1987:
1979:
1971:
1963:
1955:
1947:
1939:
1931:
1923:
1911:
1903:
1895:
1887:
1875:
1867:
1855:
1844:
1839:Andrei Sakharov
1836:
1824:
1819:Henry Kissinger
1809:
1803:
1802:
1791:
1780:
1769:
1758:
1750:
1749:
1741:
1740:
1729:
1718:
1706:
1698:
1690:
1682:
1674:
1666:
1658:
1652:
1651:
1645:
1644:
1636:
1628:
1620:
1612:
1601:
1593:
1585:
1579:
1578:
1566:
1554:
1546:
1538:
1532:
1531:
1525:
1524:
1518:
1517:
1511:
1510:
1504:
1503:
1495:
1487:
1479:
1471:
1463:
1455:
1449:
1448:
1443:Nicholas Butler
1436:
1428:
1420:
1414:
1413:
1401:
1392:Aristide Briand
1389:
1378:
1366:
1360:
1359:
1353:
1352:
1347:Fridtjof Nansen
1344:
1339:Christian Lange
1332:
1324:
1316:
1310:
1309:
1301:
1295:
1294:
1288:
1287:
1281:
1280:
1272:
1264:
1252:
1244:
1232:
1220:
1208:
1200:
1192:
1184:
1176:
1164:
1149:
1138:
1129:
1099:
1094:
1085:
1081:Mikhail Bakunin
1059:
1038:
988:Friedrich Sorge
976:Johann Eccarius
921:
885:
880:
846:
831:
819:
809:
794:
768:
766:Johann Eccarius
759:
750:
740:
731:
722:
694:
678:Wayback Machine
646:
641:
640:
630:
628:
619:
618:
614:
604:
602:
597:
596:
592:
583:
579:
561:
560:
553:
543:
541:
533:
532:
528:
521:
504:
495:
490:
486:
471:10.2307/2186656
453:
452:
448:
425:
421:
408:
407:
403:
398:
386:
370:
303:Andrew Carnegie
269:
237:
199:
195:Knight Bachelor
161:Political party
148:
131:
106:
100:
95:
89:Rupert Guinness
83:
71:
65:
60:
31:
28:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2743:
2733:
2732:
2727:
2722:
2717:
2712:
2707:
2702:
2697:
2692:
2687:
2682:
2677:
2672:
2667:
2662:
2657:
2652:
2647:
2642:
2625:
2624:
2622:
2621:
2616:
2611:
2606:
2601:
2596:
2591:
2586:
2581:
2573:
2570:
2569:
2567:
2566:
2559:
2557:
2551:
2550:
2548:
2547:
2541:
2535:
2528:
2526:
2520:
2519:
2517:
2516:
2509:
2507:
2501:
2500:
2498:
2497:
2490:
2488:
2477:
2476:
2474:
2473:
2466:
2464:
2458:
2457:
2448:
2447:
2440:
2433:
2425:
2416:
2415:
2413:
2412:
2401:
2390:
2371:
2368:Dmitry Muratov
2356:
2345:
2334:
2319:
2308:
2297:
2286:
2271:
2260:
2257:European Union
2249:
2230:
2219:
2208:
2197:
2182:
2179:Muhammad Yunus
2167:
2152:
2141:
2130:
2119:
2112:United Nations
2103:
2101:
2097:
2096:
2094:
2093:
2085:
2077:
2065:
2053:
2041:
2038:Joseph Rotblat
2029:
2013:
2010:F. W. de Klerk
2006:Nelson Mandela
2001:
1993:
1985:
1977:
1969:
1961:
1953:
1945:
1937:
1929:
1921:
1909:
1901:
1893:
1885:
1882:Menachem Begin
1873:
1865:
1858:Betty Williams
1852:
1850:
1846:
1845:
1843:
1842:
1834:
1822:
1807:
1800:
1789:
1786:Norman Borlaug
1778:
1767:
1756:
1747:
1738:
1727:
1716:
1704:
1696:
1688:
1685:Albert Luthuli
1680:
1672:
1664:
1656:
1649:
1642:
1634:
1626:
1618:
1609:
1607:
1603:
1602:
1600:
1599:
1591:
1583:
1576:
1564:
1552:
1544:
1536:
1529:
1522:
1515:
1508:
1501:
1493:
1485:
1477:
1469:
1461:
1453:
1446:
1434:
1426:
1418:
1411:
1399:
1386:
1384:
1380:
1379:
1377:
1376:
1364:
1357:
1350:
1342:
1330:
1327:LĂ©on Bourgeois
1322:
1319:Woodrow Wilson
1314:
1307:
1299:
1292:
1285:
1278:
1270:
1262:
1250:
1242:
1230:
1223:Klas Arnoldson
1218:
1211:Ernesto Moneta
1206:
1198:
1190:
1182:
1174:
1162:
1159:Frédéric Passy
1146:
1144:
1140:
1139:
1128:
1127:
1120:
1113:
1105:
1096:
1095:
1090:
1087:
1086:
1084:
1083:
1078:
1076:Gabriel Mollin
1073:
1067:
1065:
1061:
1060:
1058:
1057:
1052:
1046:
1044:
1040:
1039:
1037:
1036:
1030:
1027:
1024:
1021:
1018:
1012:
1009:
1003:
997:
996:
990:
984:
978:
972:
966:
960:
954:
948:
947:
941:
935:
929:
927:
926:Office holders
923:
922:
920:
919:
914:
909:
904:
899:
893:
891:
887:
886:
879:
878:
871:
864:
856:
848:
847:
842:
839:
820:
815:
811:
810:
805:
802:
783:
777:
776:
770:
769:
764:
761:
751:
746:
742:
741:
736:
733:
723:
718:
714:
713:
707:
706:
693:
692:External links
690:
689:
688:
685:
680:
668:
662:
645:
642:
639:
638:
612:
590:
577:
551:
526:
519:
513:. Allen Lane.
493:
484:
446:
430:, ed. (1912).
419:
414:nobelprize.org
400:
399:
397:
394:
393:
392:
385:
382:
369:
366:
295:Frédéric Passy
268:
265:
236:
233:
205:
204:
201:
200:
198:
197:
192:
186:
182:Knight of the
180:
174:
172:
168:
167:
162:
158:
157:
145:
141:
140:
128:
124:
123:
119:
118:
115:
114:
109:
103:
102:
92:
91:
86:
80:
79:
74:
68:
67:
57:
56:
46:
45:
42:
41:
33:
32:
29:
24:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2742:
2731:
2728:
2726:
2723:
2721:
2718:
2716:
2713:
2711:
2708:
2706:
2703:
2701:
2698:
2696:
2693:
2691:
2688:
2686:
2683:
2681:
2678:
2676:
2673:
2671:
2668:
2666:
2663:
2661:
2658:
2656:
2653:
2651:
2648:
2646:
2643:
2641:
2638:
2637:
2635:
2620:
2617:
2615:
2612:
2610:
2607:
2605:
2602:
2600:
2597:
2595:
2592:
2590:
2587:
2585:
2582:
2579:
2575:
2574:
2571:
2564:
2561:
2560:
2558:
2556:
2552:
2545:
2542:
2539:
2536:
2533:
2530:
2529:
2527:
2525:
2521:
2514:
2513:Randal Cremer
2511:
2510:
2508:
2506:
2502:
2495:
2492:
2491:
2489:
2486:
2482:
2478:
2471:
2468:
2467:
2465:
2463:
2459:
2454:
2446:
2441:
2439:
2434:
2432:
2427:
2426:
2423:
2410:
2406:
2402:
2399:
2395:
2391:
2388:
2384:
2380:
2376:
2372:
2369:
2365:
2361:
2357:
2354:
2350:
2346:
2343:
2339:
2335:
2332:
2328:
2327:Denis Mukwege
2324:
2320:
2317:
2313:
2309:
2306:
2302:
2298:
2295:
2291:
2287:
2284:
2280:
2276:
2272:
2269:
2265:
2261:
2258:
2254:
2250:
2247:
2243:
2242:Leymah Gbowee
2239:
2235:
2231:
2228:
2224:
2220:
2217:
2213:
2209:
2206:
2202:
2198:
2195:
2191:
2187:
2183:
2180:
2176:
2172:
2168:
2165:
2161:
2157:
2153:
2150:
2146:
2142:
2139:
2135:
2131:
2128:
2124:
2120:
2117:
2113:
2109:
2105:
2104:
2102:
2098:
2091:
2086:
2083:
2078:
2075:
2074:David Trimble
2071:
2066:
2063:
2062:Jody Williams
2059:
2054:
2051:
2047:
2042:
2039:
2035:
2030:
2027:
2026:Yasser Arafat
2023:
2022:Yitzhak Rabin
2019:
2014:
2011:
2007:
2002:
1999:
1994:
1991:
1986:
1983:
1978:
1975:
1970:
1967:
1962:
1959:
1954:
1951:
1946:
1943:
1938:
1935:
1930:
1927:
1922:
1919:
1915:
1910:
1907:
1902:
1899:
1894:
1891:
1890:Mother Teresa
1886:
1883:
1879:
1874:
1871:
1866:
1863:
1859:
1854:
1853:
1851:
1847:
1840:
1835:
1832:
1828:
1827:SeĂĄn MacBride
1823:
1820:
1816:
1814:
1808:
1801:
1798:
1794:
1790:
1787:
1783:
1779:
1776:
1772:
1768:
1765:
1761:
1757:
1753:
1748:
1744:
1739:
1736:
1732:
1728:
1725:
1721:
1717:
1714:
1710:
1705:
1702:
1701:Linus Pauling
1697:
1694:
1689:
1686:
1681:
1678:
1673:
1670:
1665:
1662:
1657:
1650:
1643:
1640:
1635:
1632:
1627:
1624:
1619:
1616:
1611:
1610:
1608:
1604:
1597:
1592:
1589:
1588:John Boyd Orr
1584:
1577:
1574:
1570:
1565:
1562:
1558:
1553:
1550:
1545:
1542:
1537:
1530:
1523:
1516:
1509:
1502:
1499:
1494:
1491:
1486:
1483:
1478:
1475:
1470:
1467:
1462:
1459:
1458:Norman Angell
1454:
1447:
1444:
1440:
1435:
1432:
1427:
1424:
1419:
1412:
1409:
1408:Ludwig Quidde
1405:
1400:
1397:
1393:
1388:
1387:
1385:
1381:
1374:
1373:Charles Dawes
1370:
1365:
1358:
1351:
1348:
1343:
1340:
1336:
1331:
1328:
1323:
1320:
1315:
1308:
1305:
1300:
1293:
1286:
1279:
1276:
1271:
1268:
1263:
1260:
1256:
1251:
1248:
1243:
1240:
1236:
1231:
1228:
1227:Fredrik Bajer
1224:
1219:
1216:
1215:Louis Renault
1212:
1207:
1204:
1199:
1196:
1191:
1188:
1183:
1180:
1179:Randal Cremer
1175:
1172:
1171:Charles Gobat
1168:
1167:Ălie Ducommun
1163:
1160:
1156:
1152:
1148:
1147:
1145:
1141:
1137:
1133:
1126:
1121:
1119:
1114:
1112:
1107:
1106:
1103:
1093:
1088:
1082:
1079:
1077:
1074:
1072:
1069:
1068:
1066:
1062:
1056:
1053:
1051:
1048:
1047:
1045:
1041:
1035:
1031:
1028:
1025:
1022:
1019:
1017:
1013:
1010:
1008:
1004:
1002:
999:
998:
995:
991:
989:
985:
983:
979:
977:
973:
971:
970:Randal Cremer
967:
965:
961:
959:
958:Randal Cremer
955:
953:
950:
949:
946:
942:
940:
936:
934:
931:
930:
928:
924:
918:
915:
913:
910:
908:
905:
903:
900:
898:
895:
894:
892:
888:
884:
877:
872:
870:
865:
863:
858:
857:
854:
845:
838:
834:
830:
829:
825:
818:
812:
808:
801:
797:
793:
792:
788:
782:
778:
775:
771:
767:
758:
757:
749:
743:
739:
730:
729:
721:
715:
710:
705:
701:
700:
696:
695:
686:
684:
681:
679:
675:
672:
669:
666:
663:
661:
656:
651:
650:Randal Cremer
648:
647:
626:
622:
616:
600:
594:
587:
581:
573:
572:10107/3434413
569:
565:
558:
556:
540:
536:
530:
522:
516:
512:
508:
502:
500:
498:
488:
480:
476:
472:
468:
464:
460:
456:
450:
442:
440:
434:
429:
423:
415:
411:
405:
401:
391:
388:
387:
381:
379:
375:
365:
362:
360:
356:
353:
349:
346:
341:
339:
335:
330:
328:
324:
320:
316:
312:
308:
304:
300:
296:
291:
289:
285:
281:
277:
272:
264:
262:
259:respected by
257:
252:
250:
246:
242:
232:
230:
226:
222:
218:
215:
211:
202:
196:
193:
191:
187:
185:
181:
179:
176:
175:
173:
169:
166:
163:
159:
155:
151:
146:
142:
138:
134:
130:18 March 1828
129:
125:
120:
116:
113:
110:
104:
98:
93:
90:
87:
81:
78:
75:
69:
63:
58:
55:
51:
47:
43:
39:
34:
30:Randal Cremer
27:
22:
19:
2593:
2538:Pierre Curie
2512:
2408:
2385: /
2381: /
2366: /
2329: /
2281: /
2244: /
2240: /
2216:Barack Obama
2192: /
2177: /
2175:Grameen Bank
2162: /
2138:Shirin Ebadi
2127:Jimmy Carter
2114: /
2100:2001âpresent
2090:Kim Dae-jung
2072: /
2060: /
2048: /
2036: /
2024: /
2020: /
2018:Shimon Peres
2008: /
1934:Desmond Tutu
1916: /
1880: /
1860: /
1829: /
1817: /
1811:
1797:Willy Brandt
1711: /
1669:Georges Pire
1615:LĂ©on Jouhaux
1596:Ralph Bunche
1571: /
1559: /
1549:Cordell Hull
1490:Robert Cecil
1441: /
1406: /
1394: /
1371: /
1337: /
1259:Alfred Fried
1257: /
1255:Tobias Asser
1237: /
1225: /
1213: /
1178:
1169: /
1157: /
1155:Henry Dunant
1034:Hermann Jung
1000:
969:
957:
951:
944:
939:George Odger
932:
822:
785:
780:
753:
725:
720:New position
719:
697:
659:
629:. Retrieved
625:the original
615:
603:. Retrieved
593:
580:
563:
542:. Retrieved
538:
529:
510:
507:Mark Mazower
487:
462:
458:
449:
437:
422:
413:
404:
371:
363:
342:
331:
292:
273:
270:
253:
238:
209:
208:
107:Succeeded by
96:
84:Succeeded by
61:
18:
2645:1908 deaths
2640:1828 births
2453:Nobel Prize
2364:Maria Ressa
2331:Nadia Murad
2046:Carlos Belo
1958:Ăscar Arias
1950:Elie Wiesel
1926:Lech WaĆÄsa
1914:Alva Myrdal
1878:Anwar Sadat
1831:Eisaku SatĆ
1764:René Cassin
1557:Emily Balch
1439:Jane Addams
994:Carl Speyer
817:John Lowles
807:John Lowles
702:1803â2005:
544:11 February
428:Lee, Sidney
112:John Lowles
77:John Lowles
72:Preceded by
2634:Categories
2481:Literature
2342:Abiy Ahmed
2227:Liu Xiaobo
2116:Kofi Annan
1813:LĂȘ Äức Thá»
1267:Elihu Root
982:John Hales
890:Congresses
828:Haggerston
791:Haggerston
760:1866â1867
732:1864â1866
644:References
350:, won the
280:Haggerston
235:Early life
231:movement.
150:Haggerston
54:Haggerston
2565:(Denmark)
2462:Chemistry
2455:laureates
2070:John Hume
1849:1976â2000
1606:1951â1975
1561:John Mott
1383:1926â1950
1143:1901â1925
1132:Laureates
1071:Karl Marx
1064:Activists
1001:Treasurer
964:Peter Fox
933:President
748:Peter Fox
738:Peter Fox
605:24 August
535:"Winners"
479:0002-9300
378:Sotheby's
361:in 1907.
352:Norwegian
323:Essequibo
290:in 1908.
288:pneumonia
278:(MP) for
261:Karl Marx
249:carpenter
245:Methodist
156:, England
139:, England
137:Hampshire
97:In office
62:In office
2540:(France)
2534:(France)
2496:(Norway)
2472:(Sweden)
2383:Memorial
674:Archived
631:16 March
384:See also
359:knighted
357:and was
313:and the
221:pacifist
2524:Physics
2190:Al Gore
1134:of the
699:Hansard
282:in the
241:Fareham
214:Liberal
165:Liberal
133:Fareham
2088:2000:
2080:1999:
2068:1998:
2056:1997:
2044:1996:
2032:1995:
2016:1994:
2004:1993:
1996:1992:
1988:1991:
1980:1990:
1972:1989:
1964:1988:
1956:1987:
1948:1986:
1940:1985:
1932:1984:
1924:1983:
1912:1982:
1904:1981:
1896:1980:
1888:1979:
1876:1978:
1868:1977:
1856:1976:
1837:1975:
1825:1974:
1810:1973:
1735:UNICEF
1707:1963:
1699:1962:
1691:1961:
1683:1960:
1675:1959:
1667:1958:
1659:1957:
1637:1954:
1629:1953:
1621:1952:
1613:1951:
1594:1950:
1586:1949:
1567:1947:
1555:1946:
1547:1945:
1539:1944:
1496:1938:
1488:1937:
1480:1936:
1472:1935:
1464:1934:
1456:1933:
1437:1931:
1429:1930:
1421:1929:
1402:1927:
1390:1926:
1367:1925:
1345:1922:
1333:1921:
1325:1920:
1317:1919:
1302:1917:
1273:1913:
1265:1912:
1253:1911:
1245:1910:
1233:1909:
1221:1908:
1209:1907:
1201:1906:
1193:1905:
1185:1904:
1177:1903:
1165:1902:
1032:1871:
1014:1865:
1005:1864:
992:1874:
986:1872:
980:1871:
974:1867:
968:1866:
962:1866:
956:1864:
943:1867:
937:1864:
517:
477:
345:French
171:Awards
154:London
2594:1903
2505:Peace
2451:1903
396:Notes
368:Death
2619:1908
2614:1907
2609:1906
2604:1905
2599:1904
2589:1902
2584:1901
2485:1903
2405:2024
2394:2023
2375:2022
2360:2021
2349:2020
2338:2019
2323:2018
2312:2017
2301:2016
2290:2015
2275:2014
2264:2013
2253:2012
2234:2011
2223:2010
2212:2009
2201:2008
2186:2007
2171:2006
2156:2005
2145:2004
2134:2003
2123:2002
2108:2001
1804:1972
1793:1971
1782:1970
1771:1969
1760:1968
1752:1967
1743:1966
1731:1965
1720:1964
1653:1956
1646:1955
1580:1948
1533:1943
1526:1942
1519:1941
1512:1940
1505:1939
1450:1932
1415:1928
1361:1924
1354:1923
1311:1918
1296:1916
1289:1915
1282:1914
1151:1901
837:1908
833:1900
826:for
800:1895
796:1885
789:for
633:2023
607:2009
546:2021
515:ISBN
475:ISSN
301:and
219:, a
144:Died
127:Born
52:for
568:hdl
467:doi
26:Sir
2636::
2407::
2396::
2377::
2362::
2351::
2340::
2325::
2314::
2303::
2292::
2277::
2266::
2255::
2236::
2225::
2214::
2203::
2188::
2173::
2158::
2147::
2136::
2125::
2110::
1795::
1784::
1773::
1762::
1733::
1722::
1153::
554:^
537:.
496:^
473:.
461:.
457:.
436:.
412:.
340:.
329:.
297:,
251:.
152:,
135:,
2487:)
2483:(
2444:e
2437:t
2430:v
1124:e
1117:t
1110:v
875:e
868:t
861:v
835:â
798:â
635:.
609:.
574:.
570::
548:.
523:.
481:.
469::
463:2
416:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
