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Quiet Storm emerged at a time when the US Black middle-class population was growing and the divide between the Black rich and poor was widening. "The black suburban population doubled between 1970 and 1986, and the number of blacks attending college increased 500 percent between 1960 and 1977." Quiet
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in 1992 at the age of 36, but the quiet storm format he originated remains a staple in
American radio programming. WHUR radio still has a quiet storm show, and many urban, black radio stations still reserve their late-night programming slots for quiet storm music. WHUR operator Howard University has
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Given the sensuality and "domesticity" that the genre became recognized for, artists, particularly men, seemed to be awarded much more freedom in regards to expression of gender and sexuality, as opposed to what were viewed as more "masculine" genres. Harvey went on to say: "This is one of the most
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Music journalist Jason King wrote, "Sensuous and pensive, quiet storm is seductive R&B, marked by jazz flourishes, 'smooth grooves,' and tasteful lyrics about intimate subjects. As disco gave way to the 'urban contemporary' format at the outset of the 1980s, quiet storm expanded beyond radio to
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in
Chicago also changed in August 1985 to a 24-hour quiet storm program called "The Soft Touch", featuring more instrumental music and even straight-ahead jazz, a mix which sales manager Gregory Brown described as "not so laid-back" as other quiet storm shows. A notable feature of WLNR was that the
222:
in
Greater Los Angeles changed his station to an all-day quiet storm format from January 1984 until September 1987, playing "a hybrid that incorporates pop, jazz, fusion, international, and urban music". Addressing the misconception that quiet storm was only for blacks, Tanter said his listenership
187:
The song developed into
Lindsey's theme music which introduced his time slot every night. "The Quiet Storm" was four hours of melodically soulful music that provided an intimate, laid-back mood for late-night listening, and that was the key to its tremendous appeal among adult audiences. The format
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were able to push the boundaries of gender normativity in both their sound and lyricism. Author Jason King said that through the genre and his music more generally, "Vandross toys with dominant conventions of male sexuality without engaging in androgyny or any explicit forms of traditionally
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Quiet storm was most popular as a programming niche with listeners from the mid-1970s to the early 1990s. During this era, it promoted a noticeable shift in the sound of R&B of the time. Quiet storm songs were in most cases devoid of any significant political commentary and maintained a strict
166:, with his classmate Jack Shuler, began as disc jockeys for WHUR in June 1976, performing as stand-ins for an absentee employee. Lindsey's on-air voice was silky smooth, and the music selections were initially old, slow romantic songs from black artists of the 1950s, 1960s, and 1970s, a form of
241:, he left WHUR at the end of August 1985, continuing the quiet storm format on WKYS for five years starting in November with a show called "Melvin's Melodies". Part of Lindsey's original style was to mix different decades of music together, for instance playing a
236:
Because of the popularity of his show, Lindsey saw his annual salary increase from $ 12,000 in 1977 to more than $ 100,000 in 1985 (equivalent to $ 283,292 in 2023). After signing a million-dollar, five-year contract with rival
Washington DC station
142:. It eventually became regarded as an identifiable subgenre of R&B. Quiet storm was marketed to primarily upscale mature African-American audiences. It peaked in popularity during the 1980s, but fell out of favor with young listeners in the
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For some, the conception of quiet storm represented a shift in the gendered and sexualized musical landscapes of R&B and soul. Music journalist Eric Harvey said that within the quiet storm genre, artists such as
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important and overlooked aspects of the Quiet Storm format, and something that
Vandross did so well: embrace a male form of domestic sensuality, a musical ideal previously exclusive to women."
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was an immediate success, becoming so popular that within a few years, virtually every station in the U.S. with a core black, urban listenership adopted a similar format for its
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and soft R&B, presented in "Triple-A" (Album Adult
Alternative) style, with a strong emphasis on "B" and "C" album tracks that most commercial stations often ignore.
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called quiet storm a "blend of pop, jazz fusion, and R&B ballads—all elegant and easy-flowing, like a flute of Veuve
Clicquot champagne."
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which he developed with co-host
Champaine in mid-1983. In 1993, Harper took ill and Champaine continued the program as Quiet Storm II.
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which
Lindsey called "beautiful black music" for African Americans. The response from listeners was positive, and WHUR station manager
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registered "Quiet Storm" as a trademark for "entertainment services, namely, a continuing series of radio programs featuring music".
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Storm was an escape from politics and friction; it reassured Black communities with the feeling of stability and normalcy.
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Clay, Andreana (October 2007). "Like an Old Soul Record: Black Feminism, Queer Sexuality, and the Hip-Hop Generation".
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aesthetic and narrative distance from issues relating to black urban life. Quiet storm appropriates R&B and soul "
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launched a nationally syndicated nightly radio program based upon the quiet storm format, known as
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367:), have been broadcasting a weekly, two-hour "Quiet Storm" program since 1998—a 50-50 mix of
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King, Jason (2000). "Any Love: Silence, Theft, and Rumor in the Work of Luther Vandross".
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1018:"Master Class: From Sade to Drake, these are the game-changers of the Quiet Storm genre"
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expanded the night-time concept into a 24-hour quiet storm format in 1979. In the
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soon gave Lindsey and Shuler their own show. The name of the show came from the
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1045:"Listeners Jammin' to the Quiet Storm, Radio's Most Romantic Couple of Hours"
273:" and recontextualizes them into rotations with their peers and predecessors.
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King, Jason (2007). "The Sound of Velvet Melting". In Weisbard, Eric (ed.).
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This article is about the radio format and music genre. For other uses, see
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386:. That program, in edited form, broadcasts under the Quiet Storm name (as
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Hurt, Byron, 1970- Gordon, Sabrina Schmidt. Winters, Bill, 1975- (2008),
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Hughes later built on the success of WHUR's quiet storm format to found
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518:"'Quiet Storm' DJ Vaughn Harper, longtime WBLS staple, dies at 71"
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347:. At least two non-commercial FM stations, the community-based
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The New Blue Music: Changes in Rhythm & Blues, 1950-1999
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111:-influenced style. It was named after the title song on
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260:, a broadcasting company aimed at African Americans.
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929:"Keith Sweat Joins WBLS as Host of The Quiet Storm"
618:
953:
600:"Quiet Storm Radio Host Melvin Lindsey Dies at 36"
475:
451:
3724:
812:"Durable Radio Format Survives Shift in Tastes"
597:
499:"Durable Radio Format Survives Shift in Tastes"
223:was 40% black, 40% white, and 20% other races.
207:deejayed the quiet storm graveyard program for
956:Listen Again: A Momentary History of Pop Music
546:
16:Radio format and genre of contemporary R&B
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579:. Vol. 98, no. 40. pp. 1, 90.
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875:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
680:
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994:. Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing. p. 132.
896:Meridians: Feminism, Race, Transnationalism
660:"Trademark Status & Document Retrieval"
496:
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2518:
2504:
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879:) CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
701:
591:
549:"Radio: Milestone for a vintage Champaine"
124:The radio format was pioneered in 1976 by
689:. Vol. 55, no. 7. p. 100.
619:Jacqueline Trescott (September 5, 1985).
559:
490:
277:emerge as a broad catchall super-genre."
648:. Vol. 98, no. 51. p. 25.
178:song "Quiet Storm", from his 1975 album
2110:
938:, Premiere Networks, December 28, 2009.
292:
245:ballad in between more modern numbers.
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989:
846:Hip-hop : beyond beats and rhymes
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670:from the original on March 21, 2012.
484:
457:
437:. Penguin. pp. 132–33, 172–73.
214:Following in the footsteps of KBLX,
640:Nelson George (December 20, 1986).
107:, performed in a smooth, romantic,
13:
1009:
810:Beamon, Todd (February 19, 1987).
598:Ruben Castaneda (March 27, 1992).
263:
14:
3784:
2431:Album covers of Blue Note Records
1038:
571:Nelson George (October 4, 1986).
497:Todd Beamon (February 10, 1987).
310:
228:four regular deejays were women.
2479:
1016:Smith, Da'Shan (July 12, 2018).
573:"Quiet Storm Sweeps Black Radio"
388:The Quiet Storm with Keith Sweat
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922:
887:
837:
803:
752:
674:
652:
633:
612:
547:David Hinckley (May 20, 2008).
195:In the San Francisco Bay Area,
1811:Institutions and organizations
848:, Media Education Foundation,
540:
516:Rich Schapiro (July 9, 2016).
509:
426:
1:
2525:
1508:Cool jazz and West Coast jazz
721:Harvey, Eric (May 15, 2012).
435:The Death of Rhythm and Blues
419:
2648:Contemporary Christian music
21:Quiet storm (disambiguation)
7:
3753:Contemporary R&B genres
3344:
990:Ripani, Richard J. (2006).
397:
10:
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621:"The Voice of the Evening"
355:, and its sister station,
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1837:See Template: Jazz theory
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681:Lynn Norment (May 2000).
404:List of quiet storm songs
89:List of quiet storm songs
87:
82:
74:
33:
28:
3609:Urban adult contemporary
3502:British rhythm and blues
1083:
934:January 3, 2010, at the
642:"The Rhythm & Blues"
319:
78:Mid-1970s, United States
908:10.2979/mer.2007.8.1.53
376:Premiere Radio Networks
303:feminine embodiment."
3733:African-American music
3369:Popular music pedagogy
433:Nelson George (2003).
3374:Rockism and poptimism
962:Duke University Press
773:10.1353/cal.2000.0037
144:golden age of hip hop
3533:Contemporary R&B
3364:Pop music automation
2225:Bibliography of jazz
2005:Continental European
293:Gender and sexuality
3542:Alternative R&B
3517:New Orleans R&B
3354:Honorific nicknames
2601:Paisley Underground
2466:Straight, No Chaser
2255:Straight-ahead jazz
1712:Winter & Winter
1161:French horn in jazz
1049:, February 13, 1995
1047:The Virginian-Pilot
626:The Washington Post
605:The Washington Post
553:New York Daily News
522:New York Daily News
353:Plainfield, Vermont
203:late night market,
3631:Adult contemporary
3604:Urban contemporary
3589:Rhythm & grime
2569:Adult contemporary
2410:West African music
2235:British dance band
2025:European free jazz
1998:British dance band
1491:Musicians by genre
1271:Free improvisation
816:The New York Times
749:, pp. 180–81.
528:on August 17, 2016
503:The New York Times
394:in New York City.
343:program featuring
329:adult contemporary
201:New York tri-state
128:, while he was an
3743:Howard University
3720:
3719:
3619:
3618:
3507:Christian R&B
3431:
3430:
3413:Verse–chorus form
3359:Music and fashion
3311:
3310:
3018:Hong Kong English
2864:Regional variants
2534:Stylistic origins
2493:
2492:
2366:New Orleans blues
2213:
2212:
2156:
2155:
1730:Beaches (Toronto)
1141:Swing performance
855:978-1-932869-23-1
723:"The Quiet Storm"
361:Hardwick, Vermont
164:Howard University
94:
93:
34:Stylistic origins
3780:
3758:Pop music genres
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3482:
3481:
3477:
3467:
3466:Rhythm and blues
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3147:Balkan pop-folk
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2483:
2250:Continental jazz
2143:Washington, D.C.
2108:
2107:
2010:Czech and Slovak
1868:
1867:
1652:India Navigation
1350:Progressive jazz
1204:Avant-garde jazz
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524:. Archived from
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248:Lindsey died of
134:Washington, D.C.
75:Cultural origins
26:
25:
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3215:French Mandopop
3131:
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2916:Brazilian (MPB)
2894:
2859:
2555:
2546:Traditional pop
2529:
2524:
2494:
2489:
2486:Jazz portal
2478:
2471:
2452:The Jazz Singer
2419:
2398:Novelty ragtime
2329:
2209:
2193:
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2152:
2106:
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1964:
1909:
1864:Regional scenes
1859:
1794:
1716:
1642:Groove Merchant
1632:Flying Dutchman
1580:
1542:
1486:
1408:
1340:Orchestral jazz
1320:Mainstream jazz
1308:Afro-Cuban jazz
1190:
1099:Outline of jazz
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1028:
1026:
1012:
1010:Further reading
1002:
980:
978:
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936:Wayback Machine
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365:Goddard College
363:(both owned by
322:
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300:Luther Vandross
295:
281:Ben Fong-Torres
266:
264:Characteristics
234:
216:Lawrence Tanter
176:Smokey Robinson
162:, a student at
157:
152:
113:Smokey Robinson
70:
24:
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11:
5:
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3773:1990s in music
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3524:
3519:
3514:
3509:
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3499:
3494:
3488:
3486:
3479:
3471:
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3461:
3460:
3453:
3446:
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3426:
3425:
3420:
3415:
3410:
3409:
3408:
3403:
3393:
3392:
3391:
3384:Talent manager
3381:
3376:
3371:
3366:
3361:
3356:
3351:
3350:
3349:
3340:
3335:
3330:
3319:
3317:
3316:Related topics
3313:
3312:
3309:
3308:
3306:
3305:
3300:
3299:
3298:
3288:
3286:SFR Yugoslavia
3283:
3278:
3273:
3268:
3263:
3258:
3257:
3256:
3246:
3245:
3244:
3234:
3229:
3224:
3223:
3222:
3217:
3207:
3202:
3197:
3196:
3195:
3190:
3180:
3175:
3174:
3173:
3168:
3163:
3158:
3153:
3145:
3139:
3137:
3133:
3132:
3130:
3129:
3124:
3119:
3114:
3109:
3104:
3099:
3098:
3097:
3092:
3084:
3079:
3078:
3077:
3072:
3067:
3062:
3052:
3047:
3042:
3041:
3040:
3035:
3030:
3020:
3015:
3014:
3013:
3008:
3003:
2998:
2997:
2996:
2986:
2981:
2976:
2966:
2961:
2956:
2950:
2948:
2944:
2943:
2941:
2940:
2935:
2934:
2933:
2928:
2918:
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2908:
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2900:
2896:
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2893:
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2891:
2890:
2885:
2874:
2872:
2865:
2861:
2860:
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2857:
2852:
2847:
2842:
2841:
2840:
2835:
2825:
2820:
2815:
2810:
2805:
2803:Schlager music
2800:
2795:
2790:
2789:
2788:
2783:
2778:
2773:
2768:
2758:
2753:
2752:
2751:
2741:
2736:
2735:
2734:
2729:
2719:
2714:
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2699:
2694:
2689:
2688:
2687:
2677:
2672:
2667:
2666:
2665:
2660:
2650:
2645:
2640:
2635:
2633:Brill Building
2630:
2625:
2620:
2615:
2610:
2605:
2604:
2603:
2593:
2592:
2591:
2586:
2581:
2576:
2565:
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2531:
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2523:
2522:
2515:
2508:
2500:
2491:
2490:
2476:
2473:
2472:
2470:
2469:
2462:
2459:Round Midnight
2455:
2448:
2440:
2433:
2427:
2425:
2421:
2420:
2418:
2417:
2412:
2407:
2402:
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2400:
2390:
2385:
2380:
2375:
2370:
2369:
2368:
2363:
2353:
2348:
2343:
2337:
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2331:
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2328:
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2317:
2312:
2307:
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2297:
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2287:
2282:
2277:
2272:
2267:
2262:
2257:
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2237:
2232:
2227:
2221:
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2215:
2214:
2211:
2210:
2208:
2207:
2201:
2199:
2195:
2194:
2192:
2191:
2189:Latin American
2186:
2180:
2178:
2177:South American
2174:
2173:
2171:
2170:
2164:
2162:
2158:
2157:
2154:
2153:
2151:
2150:
2145:
2140:
2135:
2130:
2125:
2120:
2118:Baltimore jazz
2114:
2112:
2105:
2104:
2103:
2102:
2095:Latin American
2092:
2087:
2081:
2079:
2078:North American
2075:
2074:
2072:
2071:
2066:
2065:
2064:
2054:
2053:
2052:
2042:
2037:
2032:
2027:
2022:
2017:
2012:
2007:
2002:
2001:
2000:
1990:
1985:
1984:
1983:
1972:
1970:
1966:
1965:
1963:
1962:
1957:
1952:
1951:
1950:
1945:
1935:
1934:
1933:
1923:
1917:
1915:
1911:
1910:
1908:
1907:
1902:
1901:
1900:
1895:
1885:
1880:
1874:
1872:
1865:
1861:
1860:
1858:
1857:
1852:
1847:
1842:
1841:
1840:
1828:
1823:
1818:
1813:
1808:
1802:
1800:
1796:
1795:
1793:
1792:
1787:
1782:
1777:
1772:
1767:
1762:
1757:
1752:
1747:
1742:
1737:
1732:
1726:
1724:
1718:
1717:
1715:
1714:
1709:
1704:
1699:
1694:
1689:
1684:
1679:
1674:
1669:
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1659:
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1614:
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1578:
1573:
1568:
1563:
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1541:
1540:
1535:
1530:
1525:
1520:
1515:
1510:
1505:
1500:
1494:
1492:
1488:
1487:
1485:
1484:
1479:
1474:
1469:
1464:
1459:
1454:
1449:
1447:Percussionists
1444:
1439:
1434:
1429:
1424:
1418:
1416:
1410:
1409:
1407:
1406:
1401:
1396:
1395:
1394:
1384:
1379:
1378:
1377:
1370:Spiritual jazz
1367:
1362:
1357:
1352:
1347:
1342:
1337:
1332:
1327:
1322:
1317:
1312:
1311:
1310:
1300:
1295:
1290:
1285:
1280:
1279:
1278:
1273:
1268:
1258:
1253:
1248:
1243:
1238:
1233:
1228:
1227:
1226:
1221:
1216:
1206:
1200:
1198:
1192:
1191:
1189:
1188:
1183:
1178:
1173:
1168:
1163:
1158:
1153:
1148:
1143:
1138:
1133:
1128:
1127:
1126:
1116:
1111:
1106:
1101:
1095:
1093:
1092:General topics
1089:
1088:
1081:
1080:
1073:
1066:
1058:
1052:
1051:
1040:
1039:External links
1037:
1036:
1035:
1011:
1008:
1007:
1006:
1000:
987:
975:978-0822390558
974:
947:
944:
941:
940:
921:
886:
854:
836:
802:
767:(1): 422–447.
751:
739:
700:
673:
664:tarr.uspto.gov
651:
632:
611:
590:
558:
539:
508:
489:
487:, p. 181.
474:
472:, p. 132.
462:
460:, p. 180.
450:
443:
424:
423:
421:
418:
417:
416:
411:
406:
399:
396:
324:In the 1990s,
321:
318:
312:
311:Musical escape
309:
294:
291:
265:
262:
233:
230:
190:graveyard slot
168:easy listening
160:Melvin Lindsey
156:
153:
151:
148:
126:Melvin Lindsey
115:'s 1975 album
92:
91:
85:
84:
80:
79:
76:
72:
71:
69:
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63:
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53:
48:
43:
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31:
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15:
9:
6:
4:
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3764:
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3759:
3756:
3754:
3751:
3749:
3746:
3744:
3741:
3739:
3738:Radio formats
3736:
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3731:
3730:
3728:
3713:
3710:
3706:
3703:
3701:
3698:
3696:
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3592:
3590:
3587:
3585:
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3580:
3577:
3575:
3572:
3570:
3567:
3565:
3564:Latin R&B
3562:
3560:
3557:
3555:
3552:
3548:
3545:
3544:
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3540:
3539:
3537:
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3404:
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3336:
3334:
3331:
3329:
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3324:
3321:
3320:
3318:
3314:
3304:
3301:
3297:
3294:
3293:
3292:
3289:
3287:
3284:
3282:
3279:
3277:
3274:
3272:
3269:
3267:
3264:
3262:
3259:
3255:
3252:
3251:
3250:
3247:
3243:
3240:
3239:
3238:
3235:
3233:
3230:
3228:
3225:
3221:
3218:
3216:
3213:
3212:
3211:
3208:
3206:
3203:
3201:
3198:
3194:
3191:
3189:
3186:
3185:
3184:
3181:
3179:
3176:
3172:
3169:
3167:
3164:
3162:
3159:
3157:
3154:
3152:
3149:
3148:
3146:
3144:
3141:
3140:
3138:
3134:
3128:
3125:
3123:
3120:
3118:
3115:
3113:
3110:
3108:
3105:
3103:
3100:
3096:
3093:
3091:
3088:
3087:
3085:
3083:
3080:
3076:
3073:
3071:
3068:
3066:
3063:
3061:
3058:
3057:
3056:
3053:
3051:
3048:
3046:
3043:
3039:
3036:
3034:
3031:
3029:
3026:
3025:
3024:
3021:
3019:
3016:
3012:
3009:
3007:
3006:Zhongguo feng
3004:
3002:
2999:
2995:
2992:
2991:
2990:
2987:
2985:
2982:
2980:
2977:
2975:
2972:
2971:
2970:
2967:
2965:
2962:
2960:
2957:
2955:
2952:
2951:
2949:
2945:
2939:
2936:
2932:
2929:
2927:
2924:
2923:
2922:
2919:
2917:
2914:
2912:
2909:
2907:
2904:
2903:
2901:
2897:
2889:
2886:
2884:
2881:
2880:
2879:
2876:
2875:
2873:
2869:
2866:
2862:
2856:
2853:
2851:
2848:
2846:
2843:
2839:
2836:
2834:
2831:
2830:
2829:
2826:
2824:
2821:
2819:
2816:
2814:
2811:
2809:
2806:
2804:
2801:
2799:
2796:
2794:
2791:
2787:
2784:
2782:
2779:
2777:
2774:
2772:
2769:
2767:
2764:
2763:
2762:
2759:
2757:
2754:
2750:
2747:
2746:
2745:
2742:
2740:
2737:
2733:
2730:
2728:
2727:Dunedin sound
2725:
2724:
2723:
2720:
2718:
2715:
2713:
2710:
2708:
2705:
2703:
2700:
2698:
2695:
2693:
2690:
2686:
2683:
2682:
2681:
2678:
2676:
2673:
2671:
2668:
2664:
2661:
2659:
2656:
2655:
2654:
2651:
2649:
2646:
2644:
2641:
2639:
2636:
2634:
2631:
2629:
2626:
2624:
2621:
2619:
2616:
2614:
2611:
2609:
2606:
2602:
2599:
2598:
2597:
2594:
2590:
2587:
2585:
2582:
2580:
2577:
2575:
2572:
2571:
2570:
2567:
2566:
2564:
2562:
2558:
2552:
2551:Rock and roll
2549:
2547:
2544:
2542:
2541:Tin Pan Alley
2539:
2538:
2536:
2532:
2528:
2521:
2516:
2514:
2509:
2507:
2502:
2501:
2498:
2488:
2487:
2482:
2474:
2468:
2467:
2463:
2461:
2460:
2456:
2454:
2453:
2449:
2447:
2445:
2441:
2439:
2438:
2434:
2432:
2429:
2428:
2426:
2422:
2416:
2415:Western swing
2413:
2411:
2408:
2406:
2403:
2399:
2396:
2395:
2394:
2391:
2389:
2386:
2384:
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2379:
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2336:
2332:
2326:
2323:
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2316:
2313:
2311:
2308:
2306:
2303:
2301:
2298:
2296:
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2278:
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2273:
2271:
2268:
2266:
2263:
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2258:
2256:
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2238:
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2228:
2226:
2223:
2222:
2220:
2216:
2206:
2203:
2202:
2200:
2196:
2190:
2187:
2185:
2182:
2181:
2179:
2175:
2169:
2166:
2165:
2163:
2159:
2149:
2146:
2144:
2141:
2139:
2138:New York City
2136:
2134:
2131:
2129:
2126:
2124:
2121:
2119:
2116:
2115:
2113:
2109:
2101:
2098:
2097:
2096:
2093:
2091:
2088:
2086:
2083:
2082:
2080:
2076:
2070:
2067:
2063:
2062:Flamenco jazz
2060:
2059:
2058:
2055:
2051:
2048:
2047:
2046:
2043:
2041:
2038:
2036:
2033:
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2026:
2023:
2021:
2018:
2016:
2013:
2011:
2008:
2006:
2003:
1999:
1996:
1995:
1994:
1991:
1989:
1986:
1982:
1979:
1978:
1977:
1974:
1973:
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1946:
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1940:
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1936:
1932:
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1916:
1912:
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1903:
1899:
1896:
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1890:
1889:
1888:South African
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1879:
1876:
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1605:
1603:
1600:
1598:
1595:
1593:
1590:
1589:
1587:
1585:Discographies
1583:
1577:
1574:
1572:
1569:
1567:
1564:
1562:
1559:
1557:
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1504:
1501:
1499:
1496:
1495:
1493:
1489:
1483:
1480:
1478:
1475:
1473:
1472:Vibraphonists
1470:
1468:
1465:
1463:
1460:
1458:
1455:
1453:
1450:
1448:
1445:
1443:
1440:
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1425:
1423:
1420:
1419:
1417:
1415:
1411:
1405:
1402:
1400:
1397:
1393:
1392:Swing revival
1390:
1389:
1388:
1385:
1383:
1380:
1376:
1373:
1372:
1371:
1368:
1366:
1363:
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205:Vaughn Harper
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181:A Quiet Storm
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3695:British soul
3578:
3559:Hip hop soul
3418:Virtual band
3389:Talent agent
2899:The Americas
2808:Sophisti-pop
2702:Experimental
2578:
2477:
2464:
2457:
2450:
2446:(miniseries)
2443:
2435:
2405:Sophisti-pop
2387:
1835:
1826:Jazz royalty
1816:Jazz funeral
1612:Contemporary
1503:Chamber jazz
1457:Saxophonists
1427:Clarinetists
1399:Third stream
1236:Chamber jazz
1136:Scat singing
1046:
1027:. Retrieved
1021:
991:
981:December 24,
979:. Retrieved
955:
946:Bibliography
924:
902:(1): 53–73.
899:
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827:. Retrieved
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526:the original
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179:
172:Cathy Hughes
158:
123:
116:
101:radio format
96:
95:
83:Other topics
3748:Jazz fusion
3680:Smooth jazz
3579:Quiet storm
3554:Crunk&B
3338:Teenybopper
3333:Sasaeng fan
3328:Bobby soxer
3082:Kazakhstani
3075:Shibuya-kei
3011:Chinoiserie
2964:Azerbaijani
2850:Traditional
2798:Psychedelic
2793:Progressive
2658:Bro-country
2596:Alternative
2579:Quiet storm
2388:Quiet storm
2351:Contradanza
2133:New Orleans
2128:Kansas City
1931:Jazz mugham
1926:Azerbaijani
1850:Second line
1845:Rare groove
1831:Jazz theory
1821:Jazz poetry
1806:Contrafacts
1790:Saint Lucia
1770:New Orleans
1702:Strata-East
1677:MPS Records
1607:Cobblestone
1528:Smooth jazz
1518:Jazz fusion
1462:Trombonists
1375:Sacred jazz
1360:Smooth jazz
1293:Jazz fusion
1176:Jazz violin
1156:Jazz guitar
1131:Jam session
1104:Jazz (word)
683:"Ms. Radio"
470:Ripani 2006
409:Smooth soul
382:Keith Sweat
369:smooth jazz
341:Quiet Storm
97:Quiet storm
56:jazz fusion
51:smooth jazz
46:smooth soul
29:Quiet storm
3727:Categories
3658:Jump blues
3599:Snap&B
3406:Girl group
3379:Songwriter
3237:Macedonian
3210:French pop
3171:Turbo-folk
3127:Vietnamese
3117:Philippine
3045:Indonesian
2833:Electropop
2744:Orchestral
2717:Hypnagogic
2692:Disco polo
2373:Brass band
2361:Jump blues
2205:Ethno jazz
2168:Australian
2148:West Coast
1905:Zimbabwean
1745:Copenhagen
1667:Mainstream
1477:Violinists
1467:Trumpeters
1437:Guitarists
1345:Organ trio
1330:Modal jazz
1303:Latin jazz
1283:Gypsy jazz
1181:Vocal jazz
1166:Jazz piano
1029:August 26,
1001:1578068614
964:. p.
732:August 27,
420:References
3646:Nederbeat
3636:Afroswing
3522:Swamp pop
3423:Worldbeat
3396:Teen idol
3323:Celebrity
3303:Ukrainian
3296:VIA music
3227:Hungarian
3200:Eurodance
3188:Nederbeat
3143:Austropop
3112:Pakistani
3107:Malaysian
3065:Kayōkyoku
2938:Nueva ola
2911:Argentine
2883:Afrobeats
2838:Futurepop
2828:Synth-pop
2813:Space age
2776:Pop metal
2685:Freestyle
2675:Dancehall
2638:Bubblegum
2574:Christian
2527:Pop music
2341:Acid jazz
2198:Worldwide
2184:Brazilian
1981:Bulgarian
1943:Indo jazz
1893:Cape jazz
1780:North Sea
1735:Cape Town
1722:Festivals
1697:Riverside
1672:Milestone
1597:Blue Note
1592:Bethlehem
1576:post-1950
1548:Standards
1533:Soul jazz
1482:Vocalists
1442:Organists
1414:Musicians
1404:Trad jazz
1365:Soul jazz
1288:Jazz-funk
1276:Punk jazz
1266:Free funk
1261:Free jazz
1256:Folk jazz
1246:Dixieland
1241:Cool jazz
1231:Cape jazz
1146:Jazz bass
1109:Jazz band
916:1536-6936
864:221291123
829:March 20,
824:0362-4331
797:143209453
781:0161-2492
747:King 2007
727:Pitchfork
695:0012-9011
646:Billboard
585:0006-2510
577:Billboard
532:August 5,
485:King 2007
458:King 2007
374:In 2007,
271:slow jams
258:Radio One
66:soft rock
3705:Neo soul
3675:Slow jam
3665:Boogaloo
3401:Boy band
3266:Schlager
3249:Romanian
3055:Japanese
3038:Hindutva
2989:Mandopop
2974:Cantopop
2959:Assyrian
2926:Tropipop
2906:American
2888:Moroccan
2818:Sunshine
2781:Pop-punk
2761:Pop rock
2739:Operatic
2712:Hyperpop
2584:Rhythmic
2346:Afrobeat
2260:Pre-1920
2245:Jazz Age
2161:Oceanian
2111:American
2085:Canadian
1969:European
1960:Japanese
1921:Armenian
1883:Malawian
1878:Ethiopia
1765:Montreux
1760:Montreal
1755:Monterey
1692:Prestige
1662:Landmark
1647:Impulse!
1627:ESP-Disk
1556:Pre-1920
1513:Hard bop
1452:Pianists
1432:Drummers
1422:Bassists
1355:Ska jazz
1298:Jazz rap
1224:Post-bop
1214:Hard bop
1114:Big band
932:Archived
871:citation
761:Callaloo
668:Archived
398:See also
339:aired a
337:Montreal
331:station
326:Canadian
3584:Raï'n'B
3574:Pluggnb
3512:Doo-wop
3485:General
3281:Turkish
3276:Swedish
3271:Serbian
3261:Russian
3242:Čalgija
3232:Italian
3205:Europop
3193:New pop
3178:British
3166:Tallava
3086:Korean
3070:Ryūkōka
3050:Iranian
3028:Bhangra
2984:Hokkien
2969:Chinese
2931:Mexican
2756:Pop rap
2749:Baroque
2653:Country
2643:Chamber
2608:Ambient
2393:Ragtime
2378:Exotica
2334:Related
2240:Ragtime
2218:History
2123:Chicago
2090:Haitian
2069:Swedish
2057:Spanish
2040:Italian
1993:British
1988:Belgian
1955:Iranian
1871:African
1799:Culture
1775:Newport
1750:Jakarta
1740:Chicago
1637:Freedom
1335:Nu jazz
1219:Neo-bop
789:3299570
333:CFQR-FM
232:Success
225:WLNR-FM
209:WBLS-FM
197:KBLX-FM
155:Origins
150:History
140:WHUR-FM
132:at the
105:R&B
41:R&B
3700:Motown
3594:RnBass
3497:Boogie
3476:Genres
3291:Soviet
3254:Manele
3161:Manele
3151:Chalga
3136:Europe
3023:Indian
3001:Xinyao
2994:French
2954:Arabic
2878:Africa
2871:Africa
2771:Jangle
2670:Cringe
2663:Cowboy
2561:Styles
2045:Polish
2035:German
2030:French
2015:Danish
1976:Balkan
1938:Indian
1898:Marabi
1855:Venues
1382:Stride
1325:Marabi
1315:M-Base
1196:Genres
1023:Revolt
998:
972:
914:
862:
852:
822:
795:
787:
779:
693:
583:
441:
130:intern
3712:Urban
3653:Blues
3492:Beach
3220:Yé-yé
3183:Dutch
3156:Laïko
3095:South
3090:North
3033:Filmi
2979:Hakka
2921:Latin
2855:Wonky
2823:Swamp
2786:Power
2722:Indie
2697:Dream
2680:Dance
2623:Beach
2618:Avant
2589:Urban
2424:Media
2383:Plugg
2356:Blues
2310:2010s
2305:2000s
2300:1990s
2295:1980s
2290:1970s
2285:1960s
2280:1950s
2275:1940s
2270:1930s
2265:1920s
2230:Blues
2100:Cuban
2020:Dutch
1948:Sitar
1914:Asian
1707:Verve
1571:1940s
1566:1930s
1561:1920s
1538:Swing
1498:Bebop
1387:Swing
1209:Bebop
793:S2CID
785:JSTOR
687:Ebony
390:) on
384:Hotel
320:Radio
99:is a
3685:Soul
3670:Funk
3641:Beat
3547:Alté
3345:Wota
3122:Thai
3060:City
2947:Asia
2845:Teen
2732:Twee
2707:Folk
2628:Beat
2444:Jazz
2437:Bird
2325:2022
2320:2021
2315:2020
2050:Yass
1785:Pori
1687:Muse
1523:Scat
1124:Jazz
1085:Jazz
1031:2018
996:ISBN
983:2014
970:ISBN
912:ISSN
881:link
877:link
860:OCLC
850:ISBN
831:2020
820:ISSN
777:ISSN
734:2018
691:ISSN
581:ISSN
534:2018
439:ISBN
392:WBLS
380:The
357:WGDH
349:WGDR
250:AIDS
239:WKYS
220:KUTE
109:jazz
3102:Lao
2766:Emo
2613:Art
1682:MPS
1657:JMT
1622:ECM
1617:CTI
1602:BYG
966:172
904:doi
769:doi
359:in
351:in
335:in
283:of
218:of
184:.
61:pop
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