33:
779:
1072:
251:
77:
52:
620:
are generally oval, up to 5 cm long and 3 cm wide with a cap covering roughly one-third of the acorn, maturing in 18 months, dropping from the tree in the second autumn after pollination. The cap is covered in long stiff loose scales which are rolled backward or
1073:"ืืขืจโฌ โซืืฉืจืื (ืื-ืข'ืืื) ืืชืงืืคื ืืขืืช'ืืื ืืช:โฌ โซืืชืงืืคืโฌ โซืืืืืงืจโฌ โซืืืฉืืชโฌ โซืชืืื ืืชโฌ โซืืืืืืืจืคื-ืืืกืืืจื The Oak Forest of the Sharon (al-Ghaba) in the Ottoman Period: New Insights from Historical- Geographical Studies"
32:
1426:
1590:
1261:
1664:
1500:
1300:
1770:
1055:
1785:
555:
tree growing to a maximum height of around 15 metres (49 feet) with a rounded crown and often with a gnarled trunk and branches. The
1612:
1448:
1209:
587:
inches) long and 2โ5 cm wide, oval in shape, with 7 to 10 pairs of either teeth (most common) or shallow lobes (rare) along a
1651:
1625:
1487:
1461:
1274:
1222:
1096:
1840:
1656:
1492:
1279:
1810:
1805:
944:
1835:
1820:
1011:
1505:
1305:
1669:
622:
588:
1638:
1248:
1024:
76:
1531:
1164:
907:
876:
1721:
1344:
1695:
1825:
778:
1630:
1466:
1227:
775:
and dyeing as are the unripe acorns called camata or camatina. The ripe acorns are eaten raw or boiled.
1780:
1716:
1526:
1339:
483:
1775:
748:
1815:
1790:
845:
1800:
1795:
1266:
1126:
1052:
740:
225:
1682:
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1318:
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971:
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530:
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182:
8:
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1367:
677:
41:
988:
1742:
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1539:
1375:
1331:
645:
263:
71:
1093:
1677:
1599:
1513:
1435:
1313:
1173:
1007:
822:
772:
752:
613:
1830:
1747:
1604:
1544:
1440:
1380:
1178:
840:
664:, the Valonia oak โ throughout the range of the species except the Palestine region
1575:
1411:
1100:
1059:
518:
241:
114:
1703:
1326:
1149:
548:
101:
1764:
1287:
831:
798:
744:
616:. Flowering occurs from March through April in most of its native range. The
250:
61:
56:
1734:
1357:
708:
602:
while the wind-pollinated female flowers are small, up to 0.4 millimetres (
1115:
1584:
1474:
1420:
1235:
1158:
736:
727:
in the south. The local Arab inhabitants traditionally used the area for
724:
1201:
1617:
1453:
1214:
1479:
1240:
720:
592:
552:
1120:
1729:
1569:
1405:
1352:
1143:
732:
712:
475:
160:
127:
1643:
1253:
934:
Mouterde, Paul 1966. Nouvelle Flore du Liban et de la Syrie 1: 365
728:
697:
681:
599:
150:
1191:
701:
689:
685:
556:
487:
479:
140:
693:
617:
523:
88:
739:. The intensification of settlement and agriculture in the
527:
170:
820:
612: in), produced in threes on short stalks called
591:margin. They are dark glossy green above and gray
1762:
526:of distinct, closely related species within the
902:
900:
871:
869:
867:
865:
863:
1017:
846:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-1.RLTS.T194178A2303017.en
680:. This oak grows in southeastern Italy, South
478:. It is found from southeastern Italy to the
897:
860:
945:"Vallonea or Aegilops Oaks, a Short Review"
668:
598:The male flowers are light green 5-cm long
249:
50:
31:
844:
625:, especially along the edges of the cap.
1427:Quercus ithaburensis subsp. ithaburensis
1027:Quercus ithaburensis subsp. ithaburensis
777:
1094:Qercus aegilops on food.oregonstate.edu
984:
982:
967:
965:
1763:
1591:Quercus ithaburensis subsp. macrolepis
910:Quercus ithaburensis subsp. macrolepis
816:
814:
1125:
1124:
1070:
676:is native from the central and east
979:
962:
1771:IUCN Red List least concern species
1116:Line drawing from Flora Palaestina
832:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
811:
13:
1532:urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77172217-1
14:
1852:
1109:
771:, known as valonia, are used for
1786:Flora of the East Aegean Islands
1722:urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:920259-1
1345:urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:296316-1
821:Gorener, V.; Jerome, D. (2018).
474:, is a tree in the beech family
75:
1696:Quercus ithaburensis macrolepis
1087:
1064:
1053:Society for Valonia Oak website
1046:
743:during the 19th century led to
490:. Two subspecies are accepted,
996:
937:
928:
539:
1:
1841:Taxa named by Joseph Decaisne
804:
707:Before the 20th century, the
684:, coast areas and islands of
633:Two subspecies are accepted:
1035:. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
917:. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
912:(Kotschy) Hedge & Yalt."
886:. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
7:
1811:Flora of Palestine (region)
792:
658:(Kotschy) Hedge & Yalt.
628:
547:is a small to medium-sized
10:
1857:
1806:Flora of Lebanon and Syria
1033:Plants of the World Online
915:Plants of the World Online
884:Plants of the World Online
1555:
1391:
1133:
1071:Marom, Roy (2022-12-01).
949:International Oak Society
749:environmental degradation
269:
262:
257:
248:
231:
224:
72:Scientific classification
70:
48:
39:
30:
23:
1836:Plants described in 1835
1821:Flora of European Turkey
1002:Menitsky, Yu.L. (2005).
989:Wild Flowers of Israel:
669:Distribution and habitat
758:
1099:July 21, 2010, at the
1058:June 25, 2011, at the
789:
719:, which extended from
365:Quercus agriobalanidea
1557:Quercus ithaburensis
1393:Quercus ithaburensis
1006:. Science Publishers
839:: e.T194178A2303017.
781:
559:are 4โ9 centimetres (
1165:Quercus ithaburensis
1135:Quercus ithaburensis
991:Quercus ithaburensis
974:Quercus ithaburensis
879:Quercus ithaburensis
825:Quercus ithaburensis
783:Quercus ithaburensis
765:Quercus ithaburensis
717:Quercus ithaburensis
711:was covered by open
674:Quercus ithaburensis
651:Quercus ithaburensis
638:Quercus ithaburensis
545:Quercus ithaburensis
500:Quercus ithaburensis
492:Quercus ithaburensis
467:Quercus ithaburensis
352:(Kotschy) A.Camus
340:(Kotschy) A.Camus
328:(Kotschy) A.Camus
235:Quercus ithaburensis
217:Q. ithaburensis
25:Quercus ithaburensis
1826:Flora of Yugoslavia
972:Oaks of the World:
678:Mediterranean basin
424:Ehrenb. ex Wenz.
408:Kotschy ex A.DC.
389:Quercus ehrenbergii
307:(Decne.) Browicz
300:Quercus macrolepis
42:Conservation status
790:
662:Quercus macrolepis
509:Quercus macrolepis
453:Quercus ventricosa
413:Quercus macrolepis
283:(Decne.) Boiss.
1781:Flora of Bulgaria
1758:
1757:
1678:Open Tree of Life
1514:Open Tree of Life
1314:Open Tree of Life
1127:Taxon identifiers
735:and intermittent
688:, South and West
659:
516:). Together with
463:
462:
457:
449:
441:
433:
425:
417:
409:
405:Quercus hypoleuca
401:
393:
385:
377:
369:
361:
353:
345:Quercus aegilops
341:
333:Quercus aegilops
329:
321:Quercus aegilops
308:
296:
288:Quercus aegilops
284:
276:Quercus aegilops
258:Distribution map
65:
1848:
1776:Flora of Albania
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1103:
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926:
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922:
904:
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858:
857:
855:
853:
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723:in the north to
657:
646:Palestine region
644:โ Turkey to the
611:
610:
606:
586:
585:
581:
578:
572:
571:
567:
564:
455:
447:
445:Quercus vallonea
439:
437:Quercus vallonea
431:
423:
415:
407:
399:
391:
383:
381:Quercus echinata
375:
367:
360:L., nom. rej.
359:
357:Quercus aegilops
351:
348:
339:
336:
327:
324:
306:
303:
294:
291:
282:
279:
271:Of the species:
253:
237:
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187:
80:
79:
59:
54:
53:
35:
21:
20:
1856:
1855:
1851:
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1849:
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1846:
1845:
1816:Flora of Turkey
1791:Flora of Greece
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1760:
1759:
1754:
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1107:
1106:
1101:Wayback Machine
1092:
1088:
1069:
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1060:Wayback Machine
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1022:
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997:
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954:
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747:and subsequent
709:Plain of Sharon
671:
631:
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603:
583:
579:
576:
574:
569:
565:
562:
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519:Quercus brantii
472:Mount Tabor oak
421:Quercus massana
373:Quercus cretica
346:
334:
322:
301:
295:(Decne.) Eig
289:
277:
244:
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201:
185:
74:
66:
55:
51:
44:
17:
16:Species of tree
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5:
1854:
1844:
1843:
1838:
1833:
1828:
1823:
1818:
1813:
1808:
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1801:Flora of Crete
1798:
1796:Flora of Italy
1793:
1788:
1783:
1778:
1773:
1756:
1755:
1753:
1752:
1748:wfo-0000291420
1739:
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1635:
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1471:
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1381:wfo-0000291417
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1110:External links
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549:semi-evergreen
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1067:
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1013:
1012:1-57808-229-3
1009:
1005:
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993:
992:
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799:Valoneic acid
797:
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788:
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746:
745:deforestation
742:
741:coastal plain
738:
734:
730:
726:
722:
718:
715:dominated by
714:
710:
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703:
700:, Israel and
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529:
525:
522:, it forms a
521:
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511:
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489:
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484:national tree
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226:Binomial name
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102:Tracheophytes
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1004:Oaks of Asia
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951:. 2016-06-04
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763:The cups of
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1585:Wikispecies
1475:iNaturalist
1421:Wikispecies
1236:iNaturalist
1159:Wikispecies
852:26 December
751:known from
737:cultivation
551:to tardily
540:Description
514:Valonia oak
115:Angiosperms
1765:Categories
1709:kew-173388
1704:Plant List
1561:macrolepis
1332:kew-173384
1327:Plant List
1039:2023-02-21
955:2022-11-18
921:2023-02-21
890:2023-02-21
805:References
787:macrolepis
769:macrolepis
655:macrolepis
504:macrolepis
448:Kotschy
432:Kotschy
416:Kotschy
400:Kotschy
392:Kotschy
325:macrolepis
314:macrolepis
312:Of subsp.
179:Subgenus:
1576:Q41778199
1412:Q21384330
1083:: 90โ107.
725:Raโananna
721:Kfar Yona
614:peduncles
593:tomentose
553:deciduous
456:Koehne
211:Species:
195:Section:
85:Kingdom:
1735:50278585
1730:Tropicos
1644:920259-1
1570:Wikidata
1406:Wikidata
1358:50278577
1353:Tropicos
1267:11023349
1254:296316-1
1150:Q2739106
1144:Wikidata
1097:Archived
1056:Archived
793:See also
733:firewood
713:woodland
629:Taxonomy
623:involute
589:revolute
531:section
476:Fagaceae
440:A.DC.
376:Bald.
349:vallonea
264:Synonyms
200:Quercus
184:Quercus
161:Fagaceae
157:Family:
128:Eudicots
62:IUCN 3.1
1831:Quercus
1618:2878325
1506:1077960
1454:2878346
1215:2878323
1192:1151522
881:Decne."
773:tanning
767:subsp.
729:pasture
698:Lebanon
682:Albania
660:, syn.
653:subsp.
640:subsp.
607:⁄
600:catkins
595:below.
582:⁄
568:⁄
502:subsp.
494:subsp.
384:Lam.
172:Quercus
167:Genus:
151:Fagales
147:Order:
89:Plantae
60: (
1683:272699
1657:845196
1631:411632
1559:subsp.
1519:993116
1493:845195
1480:546615
1467:417449
1395:subsp.
1319:492252
1306:407999
1293:194178
1280:845183
1241:338763
1228:417450
1202:queith
1199:FoIO:
1010:
702:Jordan
690:Turkey
686:Greece
618:acorns
557:leaves
533:Cerris
512:, the
506:(syn.
488:Jordan
480:Levant
470:, the
347:subsp.
337:pyrami
335:subsp.
323:subsp.
302:subsp.
290:subsp.
242:Decne.
204:Cerris
188:Cerris
141:Rosids
1670:58332
1605:5KTRB
1441:7KPMJ
1365:WoI:
1262:IRMNG
1179:4R597
785:ssp.
694:Syria
524:clade
202:sect.
186:subg.
135:Clade
122:Clade
109:Clade
96:Clade
1717:POWO
1691:PfaF
1665:NCBI
1652:ITIS
1639:IPNI
1626:GRIN
1613:GBIF
1527:POWO
1501:NCBI
1488:ITIS
1462:GRIN
1449:GBIF
1340:POWO
1301:NCBI
1288:IUCN
1275:ITIS
1249:IPNI
1223:GRIN
1210:GBIF
1077:Muse
1008:ISBN
854:2022
837:2018
759:Uses
498:and
278:var.
1743:WFO
1600:CoL
1540:WFO
1436:CoL
1376:WFO
1368:370
1187:EoL
1174:CoL
841:doi
528:oak
486:of
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