Boxing - Knowledge

1834:). The match was nicknamed "Thunder Meets Lightning" as an allusion to punching power of Chávez and blinding speed of Taylor. Chávez was the epitome of the "Mexican" style of boxing. Taylor's hand and foot speed and boxing abilities gave him the early advantage, allowing him to begin building a large lead on points. Chávez remained relentless in his pursuit of Taylor and due to his greater punching power Chávez slowly punished Taylor. Coming into the later rounds, Taylor was bleeding from the mouth, his entire face was swollen, the bones around his eye socket had been broken, he had swallowed a considerable amount of his own blood, and as he grew tired, Taylor was increasingly forced into exchanging blows with Chávez, which only gave Chávez a greater chance to cause damage. While there was little doubt that Taylor had solidly won the first three quarters of the fight, the question at hand was whether he would survive the final quarter. Going into the final round, Taylor held a secure lead on the scorecards of two of the three judges. Chávez would have to knock Taylor out to claim a victory, whereas Taylor merely needed to stay away from the Mexican legend. However, Taylor did not stay away, but continued to trade blows with Chávez. As he did so, Taylor showed signs of extreme exhaustion, and every tick of the clock brought Taylor closer to victory unless Chávez could knock him out. With about a minute left in the round, Chávez hit Taylor squarely with several hard punches and stayed on the attack, continuing to hit Taylor with well-placed shots. Finally, with about 25 seconds to go, Chávez landed a hard right hand that caused Taylor to stagger forward towards a corner, forcing Chávez back ahead of him. Suddenly Chávez stepped around Taylor, positioning him so that Taylor was trapped in the corner, with no way to escape from Chávez' desperate final flurry. Chávez then nailed Taylor with a tremendous right hand that dropped the younger man. By using the ring ropes to pull himself up, Taylor managed to return to his feet and was given the mandatory 8-count. Referee Richard Steele asked Taylor twice if he was able to continue fighting, but Taylor failed to answer. Steele then concluded that Taylor was unfit to continue and signaled that he was ending the fight, resulting in a TKO victory for Chávez with only two seconds to go in the bout. 151: 1961:(left) fist is held vertically about six inches in front of the face at eye level. The rear (right) fist is held beside the chin and the elbow tucked against the ribcage to protect the body. The chin is tucked into the chest to avoid punches to the jaw which commonly cause knock-outs and is often kept slightly off-center. Wrists are slightly bent to avoid damage when punching and the elbows are kept tucked in to protect the ribcage. Some boxers fight from a crouch, leaning forward and keeping their feet closer together. The stance described is considered the "textbook" stance and fighters are encouraged to change it around once it's been mastered as a base. Case in point, many fast fighters have their hands down and have almost exaggerated footwork, while brawlers or bully fighters tend to slowly stalk their opponents. In order to retain their stance boxers take 'the first step in any direction with the foot already leading in that direction.' 994:(KO). A "technical knock-out" (TKO) is possible as well, and is ruled by the referee, fight doctor, or a fighter's corner if a fighter is unable to safely continue to fight, based upon injuries or being judged unable to effectively defend themselves. Many jurisdictions and sanctioning agencies also have a "three-knockdown rule", in which three knockdowns in a given round result in a TKO. A TKO is considered a knockout in a fighter's record. A "standing eight" count rule may also be in effect. This gives the referee the right to step in and administer a count of eight to a fighter that the referee feels may be in danger, even if no knockdown has taken place. After counting the referee will observe the fighter, and decide if the fighter is fit to continue. For scoring purposes, a standing eight count is treated as a knockdown. 1854:. Hand wraps are used to secure the bones in the hand, and the gloves are used to protect the hands from blunt injury, allowing boxers to throw punches with more force than if they did not use them. Gloves have been required in competition since the late nineteenth century, though modern boxing gloves are much heavier than those worn by early twentieth-century fighters. Prior to a bout, both boxers agree upon the weight of gloves to be used in the bout, with the understanding that lighter gloves allow heavy punchers to inflict more damage. The brand of gloves can also affect the impact of punches, so this too is usually stipulated before a bout. Both sides are allowed to inspect the wraps and gloves of the opponent to help ensure both are within agreed upon specifications and no tampering has taken place. 3441: 2538:

180 degrees around. If executed correctly, the aggressive boxer will lunge in and sail harmlessly past his opponent like a bull missing a matador. This is rarely seen in professional boxing as it requires a great disparity in skill level to execute. Technically speaking it has been said that there is no such thing as a check hook and that it is simply a hook applied to an opponent that has lurched forward and past his opponent who simply hooks him on the way past. Others have argued that the check hook exists but is an illegal punch due to it being a pivot punch which is illegal in the sport. Floyd Mayweather Jr. employed the use of a check hook against Ricky Hatton, which sent Hatton flying head first into the corner post and being knocked down.

2416:" bout against George Foreman, the rope-a-dope method involves lying back against the ropes, covering up defensively as much as possible and allowing the opponent to attempt numerous punches. The back-leaning posture, which does not cause the defending boxer to become as unbalanced as he would during normal backward movement, also maximizes the distance of the defender's head from his opponent, increasing the probability that punches will miss their intended target. Weathering the blows that do land, the defender lures the opponent into expending energy while conserving his/her own. If successful, the attacking opponent will eventually tire, creating defensive flaws which the boxer can exploit. In modern boxing, the 634:, 688 BC. The boxers would wind leather thongs around their hands in order to protect them. There were no rounds and boxers fought until one of them acknowledged defeat or could not continue. Weight categories were not used, which meant heavier fighters had a tendency to dominate. The style of boxing practiced typically featured an advanced left leg stance, with the left arm semi-extended as a guard, in addition to being used for striking, and with the right arm drawn back ready to strike. It was the head of the opponent which was primarily targeted, and there is little evidence to suggest that targeting the body or the use of kicks was common, in which it resembled modern western boxing. 429: 2548: 774:

and was frequently disallowed by additional rules negotiated by the seconds of the boxers. In modern boxing, there is a three-minute limit to rounds (unlike the downed fighter ends the round rule). Intentionally going down in modern boxing will cause the recovering fighter to lose points in the scoring system. Furthermore, as the contestants did not have heavy leather gloves and wristwraps to protect their hands, they used different punching technique to preserve their hands because the head was a common target to hit full out. Almost all period manuals have powerful straight punches with the whole body behind them to the face (including forehead) as the basic blows.

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their hands properly wrapped, pre-fight, for added protection on their hands and for added cushion under the gloves. Gloves worn by the fighters must be twelve ounces in weight unless the fighters weigh under 165 pounds (75 kg), thus allowing them to wear ten ounce gloves. A punch is considered a scoring punch only when the boxers connect with the white portion of the gloves. Each punch that lands cleanly on the head or torso with sufficient force is awarded a point. A referee monitors the fight to ensure that competitors use only legal blows. A belt worn over the torso represents the lower limit of punches – any boxer repeatedly landing low blows

2110:– A powerful, straight punch thrown with the rear hand. From the guard position, the rear hand is thrown from the chin, crossing the body and traveling towards the target in a straight line. The rear shoulder is thrust forward and finishes just touching the outside of the chin. At the same time, the lead hand is retracted and tucked against the face to protect the inside of the chin. For additional power, the torso and hips are rotated counter-clockwise as the cross is thrown. A measure of an ideally extended cross is that the shoulder of the striking arm, the knee of the front leg and the ball of the front foot are on the same vertical plane. 1062:, which introduces scoring objectivity, improves safety, and arguably makes the sport more interesting to spectators. Professional boxing remains by far the most popular form of the sport globally, though amateur boxing is dominant in Cuba and some former Soviet republics. For most fighters, an amateur career, especially at the Olympics, serves to develop skills and gain experience in preparation for a professional career. Western boxers typically participate in one Olympics and then turn pro, while Cubans and boxers from other socialist countries have an opportunity to collect multiple medals. In 2016, professional boxers were admitted in the 873: 1025:

conclusion and there was no knockout, no official decision was rendered and neither boxer was declared the winner. But this did not prevent the pool of ringside newspaper reporters from declaring a consensus result among themselves and printing a newspaper decision in their publications. Officially, however, a "no decision" bout resulted in neither boxer winning or losing. Boxing historians sometimes use these unofficial newspaper decisions in compiling fight records for illustrative purposes only. Often, media outlets covering a match will personally score the match, and post their scores as an independent sentence in their report.

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out-fighter loses a lot of his combat effectiveness, because he cannot throw the hard punches. The in-fighter is generally successful in this case, due to his intensity in advancing on his opponent and his good agility, which makes him difficult to evade. For example, the swarming Joe Frazier, though easily dominated by the slugger George Foreman, was able to create many more problems for the boxer Muhammad Ali in their three fights. Joe Louis, after retirement, admitted that he hated being crowded, and that swarmers like untied/undefeated champ Rocky Marciano would have caused him style problems even in his prime.

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prohibited from kicking, head-butting, or hitting with any part of the arm other than the knuckles of a closed fist (including hitting with the elbow, shoulder or forearm, as well as with open gloves, the wrist, the inside, back or side of the hand). They are prohibited as well from hitting the back, back of the head or neck (called a "rabbit-punch") or the kidneys. They are prohibited from holding the ropes for support when punching, holding an opponent while punching, or ducking below the belt of their opponent (dropping below the waist of your opponent, no matter the distance between).

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tendency to ignore combination punching in favor of continuous beat-downs with one hand and by throwing slower, more powerful single punches (such as hooks and uppercuts). Their slowness and predictable punching pattern (single punches with obvious leads) often leaves them open to counter punches, so successful brawlers must be able to absorb a substantial amount of punishment. However, not all brawler/slugger fighters are not mobile; some can move around and switch styles if needed but still have the brawler/slugger style such as Wilfredo Gómez, Prince Naseem Hamed and

2098:– A quick, straight punch thrown with the lead hand from the guard position. The jab extends from the side of the torso and typically does not pass in front of it. It is accompanied by a small, clockwise rotation of the torso and hips, while the fist rotates 90 degrees, becoming horizontal upon impact. As the punch reaches full extension, the lead shoulder can be brought up to guard the chin. The rear hand remains next to the face to guard the jaw. After making contact with the target, the lead hand is retracted quickly to resume a guard position in front of the face. 2629:, has supported the BMA's proposed ban on boxing: "It is the only sport where the intention is to inflict serious injury on your opponent, and we feel that we must have a total ban on boxing." Opponents respond that such a position is misguided opinion, stating that amateur boxing is scored solely according to total connecting blows with no award for "injury". They observe that many skilled professional boxers have had rewarding careers without inflicting injury on opponents by accumulating scoring blows and avoiding punches winning rounds scored 10–9 by the 1135: 2368:– Covering up is the last opportunity (other than rolling with a punch) to avoid an incoming strike to an unprotected face or body. Generally speaking, the hands are held high to protect the head and chin and the forearms are tucked against the torso to impede body shots. When protecting the body, the boxer rotates the hips and lets incoming punches "roll" off the guard. To protect the head, the boxer presses both fists against the front of the face with the forearms parallel and facing outwards. This type of guard is weak against attacks from below. 638: 1481:

in a physical sense, but also in a mental and emotional sense. This style can be incredibly difficult, especially against seasoned fighters, but winning a fight without getting hit is often worth the pay-off. They usually try to stay away from the center of the ring, in order to outmaneuver and chip away at their opponents. A large advantage in counter-hitting is the forward momentum of the attacker, which drives them further into your return strike. As such, knockouts are more common than one would expect from a defensive style.

1190:"Style" is often defined as the strategic approach a fighter takes during a bout. No two fighters' styles are alike, as each is determined by that individual's physical and mental attributes. Three main styles exist in boxing: outside fighter ("boxer"), brawler (or "slugger"), and inside fighter ("swarmer"). These styles may be divided into several special subgroups, such as counter puncher, etc. The main philosophy of the styles is, that each style has an advantage over one, but disadvantage over the other one. It follows the 1730: 1045: 928: 1934: 2122:– A semi-circular punch thrown with the lead hand to the side of the opponent's head. From the guard position, the elbow is drawn back with a horizontal fist (palm facing down) though in modern times a wide percentage of fighters throw the hook with a vertical fist (palm facing themselves). The rear hand is tucked firmly against the jaw to protect the chin. The torso and hips are rotated clockwise, propelling the fist through a tight, clockwise arc across the front of the body and connecting with the target. 8972: 2076: 1948: 2260: 1965:

hook is thrown from this position, it will produce a powerful springing action in the lead leg and produce a more explosive punch. This springing action could not be generated effectively, for this punch, if an upright stance was used or if the bodyweight was positioned predominantly over the back leg. Mike Tyson was a keen practitioner of a crouched stance and this style of power punching. The preparatory positioning of the bodyweight over the bent lead leg is also known as an

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results, in which one or both fighters believe they have been "robbed" or unfairly denied a victory. Each fighter has an assigned corner of the ring, where their coach, as well as one or more "seconds" may administer to the fighter at the beginning of the fight and between rounds. Each boxer enters into the ring from their assigned corners at the beginning of each round and must cease fighting and return to their corner at the signalled end of each round.

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before a decision is reached through a knock-out; such bouts are said to have ended "inside the distance". If a fighter is knocked down during the fight, determined by whether the boxer touches the canvas floor of the ring with any part of their body other than the feet as a result of the opponent's punch and not a slip, as determined by the referee, the referee begins counting until the fighter returns to their feet and can continue. Some jurisdictions

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usually causes the boxer who committed it to be disqualified. A fighter who suffers an accidental low-blow may be given up to five minutes to recover, after which they may be ruled knocked out if they are unable to continue. Accidental fouls that cause injury ending a bout may lead to a "no contest" result, or else cause the fight to go to a decision if enough rounds (typically four or more, or at least three in a four-round fight) have passed.

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relatively weak power, the jab is often used as a tool to gauge distances, probe an opponent's defenses, harass an opponent, and set up heavier, more powerful punches. A half-step may be added, moving the entire body into the punch, for additional power. Some notable boxers who have been able to develop relative power in their jabs and use it to punish or wear down their opponents to some effect include Larry Holmes and Wladimir Klitschko.

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placed and timed punch. A fight with a skilled counter-puncher can turn into a war of attrition, where each shot landed is a battle in itself. Thus, fighting against counter punchers requires constant feinting and the ability to avoid telegraphing one's attacks. To be truly successful using this style they must have good reflexes, a high level of prediction and awareness, pinpoint accuracy and speed, both in striking and in footwork.

6885: 2293: 2468: 2277: 2243: 2028: 6875: 1111:, etc. In many other venues sanctioned by amateur boxing associations. Amateur boxing has a point scoring system that measures the number of clean blows landed rather than physical damage. Bouts consist of three rounds of three minutes in the Olympic and Commonwealth Games, and three rounds of three minutes in a national ABA (Amateur Boxing Association) bout, each with a one-minute interval between rounds. 2061: 834: 2309: 1089: 2045: 1811:

each style being stronger relative to one, and weaker relative to another, with none dominating, as in rock paper scissors. Naturally, many other factors, such as the skill level and training of the combatants, determine the outcome of a fight, but the widely held belief in this relationship among the styles is embodied in the cliché amongst boxing fans and writers that "styles make fights".

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importance attached to defensive maneuvers such as slipping, bobbing, countering and angling. Because less defensive emphasis was placed on the use of the forearms and more on the gloves, the classical forearms outwards, torso leaning back stance of the bare knuckle boxer was modified to a more modern stance in which the torso is tilted forward and the hands are held closer to the face.

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The double-end bag is usually connected by elastic on the top and bottom and moves randomly upon getting struck and helps the fighter work on accuracy and reflexes. In addition to these distinctive pieces of equipment, boxers also use sport-nonspecific training equipment to build strength, speed, agility, and stamina. Common training equipment includes free weights, rowing machines,

2227: 2633:, and they note that there are many other sports where concussions are much more prevalent. However, the data shows that the concussion rate in boxing is the highest of all contact sports. In addition, repetitive and subconcussive blows to the head, and not just concussions, cause CTE, and the evidence indicates that brain damage and the effects of CTE are more severe in boxing. 2211: 1215:

point decisions rather than by knockout, though some out-fighters have notable knockout records. They are often regarded as the best boxing strategists due to their ability to control the pace of the fight and lead their opponent, methodically wearing him down and exhibiting more skill and finesse than a brawler. Out-fighters need reach, hand speed, reflexes, and footwork.

2012: 4861:, a radiologist in Mayfield Heights, Ohio ... concluded that for the time being 'is not a realistic solution.' Instead, urging stricter medical supervision of the sport, it recommended establishment of a National Registry of Boxers ... Another recommendation was that all states provide for a ringside physician who would be 'authorized to stop any bout'. 2885: 951:

young aspiring athletes who wish to become the future of boxing. Even in the U.S., places like the inner cities of New York, and Chicago have given rise to promising young talent. According to Rubin, "boxing lost its appeal with the American middle class, and most of who boxes in modern America come from the streets and are street fighters".

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will stop the bout if a boxer is seriously injured, if one boxer is significantly dominating the other or if the score is severely imbalanced. Amateur bouts which end this way may be noted as "RSC" (referee stopped contest) with notations for an outclassed opponent (RSCO), outscored opponent (RSCOS), injury (RSCI) or head injury (RSCH).

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fight. If the out-fighter can avoid those power punches, he can often wear the brawler down with fast jabs, tiring him out. If he is successful enough, he may even apply extra pressure in the later rounds in an attempt to achieve a knockout. Most classic boxers, such as Muhammad Ali, enjoyed their best successes against sluggers.

2858:. The Hall of Fame's induction ceremony is held every June as part of a four-day event. The fans who come to Canastota for the Induction Weekend are treated to a number of events, including scheduled autograph sessions, boxing exhibitions, a parade featuring past and present inductees, and the induction ceremony itself. 2114:

thrown, the hand is retracted quickly and the guard position resumed. It can be used to counter punch a jab, aiming for the opponent's head (or a counter to a cross aimed at the body) or to set up a hook. The cross is also called a "straight" or "right", especially if it does not cross the opponent's outstretched jab.

1177:, whose job is to treat cuts between rounds so that the boxer is able to continue despite the cut. If a boxer simply quits fighting, or if his corner stops the fight, then the winning boxer is also awarded a technical knockout victory. In contrast with amateur boxing, professional male boxers have to be bare-chested. 2159:– A vertical, rising punch thrown with the rear hand. From the guard position, the torso shifts slightly to the right, the rear hand drops below the level of the opponent's chest and the knees are bent slightly. From this position, the rear hand is thrust upwards in a rising arc towards the opponent's chin or torso. 2661:

with not head guard usage increased. The research of the reviewed literature indicates that head guards cover well against lacerations and skull fractures. Therefore, AIBA's decision to terminate the head guard must be considered cautiously, and injury rates among (male) boxers should be continuously evaluated.

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John Noble Wilford (14 January 1983). "Physicians' Journal Calls for a Ban on Boxing". The New York Times. pp. A1, A23. Editorials in today's issue of the Journal of the American Medical Association urged the banning of boxing in light of new evidence suggesting the chronic brain damage was prevalent

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Like other active and dynamic sports, boxing may be argued to provide some general health benefits, such as fat burning, increased muscle tone, strong bones and ligaments, cardiovascular fitness, muscular endurance, improved core stability, co-ordination and body awareness, strength and power, stress

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In 2007, one study of amateur boxers showed that protective headgear did not prevent brain damage, and another found that amateur boxers faced a high risk of brain damage. The Gothenburg study analyzed temporary levels of neurofilament light in cerebral spinal fluid which they conclude is evidence of

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is a punch, thrown from the rear hand, not found in every boxer's arsenal. Unlike the cross, which has a trajectory parallel to the ground, the overhand has a looping circular arc as it is thrown over the shoulder with the palm facing away from the boxer. It is especially popular with smaller stature

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moves the head laterally and beneath an incoming punch. As the opponent's punch arrives, the boxer bends the legs quickly and simultaneously shifts the body either slightly right or left. Once the punch has been evaded, the boxer "weaves" back to an upright position, emerging on either the outside or

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Wide, looping punches have the further disadvantage of taking more time to deliver, giving the opponent ample warning to react and counter. For this reason, the haymaker or roundhouse is not a conventional punch, and is regarded by trainers as a mark of poor technique or desperation. Sometimes it has

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Different stances allow for bodyweight to be differently positioned and emphasised; this may in turn alter how powerfully and explosively a type of punch can be delivered. For instance, a crouched stance allows for the bodyweight to be positioned further forward over the lead left leg. If a lead left

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Boxers also use punch/focus mitts in which a trainer calls out certain combinations and the fighter strikes the mitts accordingly. This is a great exercise for stamina as the boxer isn't allowed to go at his own pace but that of the trainer, typically forcing the fighter to endure a higher output and

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All fighters have primary skills with which they feel most comfortable, but truly elite fighters are often able to incorporate auxiliary styles when presented with a particular challenge. For example, an out-fighter will sometimes plant his feet and counter punch, or a slugger may have the stamina to

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Counter punchers usually wear their opponents down by causing them to miss their punches. The more the opponent misses, the faster they tire, and the psychological effects of being unable to land a hit will start to sink in. The counter puncher often tries to outplay their opponent entirely, not just

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The modern Olympic movement revived interest in amateur sports, and amateur boxing became an Olympic sport in 1908. In their current form, Olympic and other amateur bouts are typically limited to three or four rounds, scoring is computed by points based on the number of clean blows landed, regardless

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In general, boxers are prohibited from hitting below the belt, holding, tripping, pushing, biting, or spitting. The boxer's shorts are raised so the opponent is not allowed to hit to the groin area with intent to cause pain or injury. Failure to abide by the former may result in a foul. They also are

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The Boxing Hall of Fame Las Vegas features the $ 75 million ESPN Classic Sports fight film and tape library and radio broadcast collection. The collection includes the fights of many great champions, including: Muhammad Ali, Mike Tyson, George Foreman, Roberto Durán, Marvin Hagler, Jack Dempsey, Joe

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These different punch types can be thrown in rapid succession to form combinations or "combos". The most common is the jab and cross combination, nicknamed the "one-two combo". This is usually an effective combination, because the jab blocks the opponent's view of the cross, making it easier to land

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In a fully upright stance, the boxer stands with the legs shoulder-width apart and the rear foot a half-step in front of the lead man. Right-handed or orthodox boxers lead with the left foot and fist (for most penetration power). Both feet are parallel, and the right heel is off the ground. The lead

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The boxer or out-fighter tends to be most successful against a brawler, whose slow speed (both hand and foot) and poor technique makes him an easy target to hit for the faster out-fighter. The out-fighter's main concern is to stay alert, as the brawler only needs to land one good punch to finish the

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Brawlers tend to overcome swarmers or in-fighters because, in trying to get close to the slugger, the in-fighter will invariably have to walk straight into the guns of the much harder-hitting brawler, so, unless the former has a very good chin and the latter's stamina is poor, the brawler's superior

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There is a generally accepted rule of thumb about the success each of these boxing styles has against the others. In general, an in-fighter has an advantage over an out-fighter, an out-fighter has an advantage over a brawler, and a brawler has an advantage over an in-fighter; these form a cycle with

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are slippery, defensive style fighters who often rely on their opponent's mistakes in order to gain the advantage, whether it be on the score cards or more preferably a knockout. They use their well-rounded defense to avoid or block shots and then immediately catch the opponent off guard with a well

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A boxer-puncher is a well-rounded boxer who is able to fight at close range with a combination of technique and power, often with the ability to knock opponents out with a combination and in some instances a single shot. Their movement and tactics are similar to that of an out-fighter (although they

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Headgear is not permitted in professional bouts, and boxers are generally allowed to take much more damage before a fight is halted. At any time, the referee may stop the contest if he believes that one participant cannot defend himself due to injury. In that case, the other participant is awarded a

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Professional bouts are usually much longer than amateur bouts, typically ranging from ten to twelve rounds, though four-round fights are common for less experienced fighters or club fighters. There are also some two- and three-round professional bouts, especially in Australia. Through the early 20th

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Competitors wear protective headgear and gloves with a white strip or circle across the knuckle. There are cases however, where white ended gloves are not required but any solid color may be worn. The white end is just a way to make it easier for judges to score clean hits. Each competitor must have

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Violations of these rules may be ruled "fouls" by the referee, who may issue warnings, deduct points, or disqualify an offending boxer, causing an automatic loss, depending on the seriousness and intentionality of the foul. An intentional foul that causes injury that prevents a fight from continuing

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The modern sport arose from illegal venues and outlawed prizefighting and has become a multibillion-dollar commercial enterprise. A majority of young talent still comes from poverty-stricken areas around the world. Places like Mexico, Africa, South America, and Eastern Europe prove to be filled with

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Boxing could also be used to settle disputes even by females. In 1790 in Waddington, Lincolnshire Mary Farmery and Susanna Locker both laid claim to the affections of a young man; this produced a challenge from the former to fight for the prize, which was accepted by the latter. Proper sidesmen were

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Louis, Joe Frazier, Rocky Marciano and Sugar Ray Robinson. It is this exclusive fight film library that will separate the Boxing Hall of Fame Las Vegas from the other halls of fame which do not have rights to any video of their sports. The inaugural inductees included Muhammad Ali, Henry Armstrong,

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is employed to prevent aggressive boxers from lunging in. There are two parts to the check hook. The first part consists of a regular hook. The second, trickier part involves the footwork. As the opponent lunges in, the boxer should throw the hook and pivot on his left foot and swing his right foot

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rather than to transference of body weight; it tends to have more of an effect due to the surprise of the odd angle it lands at rather than the actual power of the punch. This is more of a gimmick than a technical maneuver; this punch is not taught, being on the same plane in boxing technicality as

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rotates the body slightly so that an incoming punch passes harmlessly next to the head. As the opponent's punch arrives, the boxer sharply rotates the hips and shoulders. This turns the chin sideways and allows the punch to "slip" past. Muhammad Ali was famous for extremely fast and close slips, as

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A large, swinging circular punch starting from a cocked-back position with the arm at a longer extension than the hook and all of the fighter's weight behind it is sometimes referred to as a "roundhouse", "haymaker", "overhand", or sucker-punch. Relying on body weight and centripetal force within a

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North American fighters tend to favor a more balanced stance, facing the opponent almost squarely, while many European fighters stand with their torso turned more to the side. The positioning of the hands may also vary, as some fighters prefer to have both hands raised in front of the face, risking

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Although in-fighters struggle against heavy sluggers, they typically enjoy more success against out-fighters or boxers. Out-fighters prefer a slower fight, with some distance between themselves and the opponent. The in-fighter tries to close that gap and unleash furious flurries. On the inside, the

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before they can maneuver inside where they are more effective. In-fighters operate best at close range because they are generally shorter and have less reach than their opponents and thus are more effective at a short distance where the longer arms of their opponents make punching awkward. However,

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Unheard of in the modern era, but common during the early 20th Century in North America, a "newspaper decision (NWS)" might be made after a no decision bout had ended. A "no decision" bout occurred when, by law or by pre-arrangement of the fighters, if both boxers were still standing at the fight's

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Through the late nineteenth century, the martial art of boxing or prizefighting was primarily a sport of dubious legitimacy. Outlawed in England and much of the United States, prizefights were often held at gambling venues and broken up by police. Brawling and wrestling tactics continued, and riots

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in 1743 to protect fighters in the ring where deaths sometimes occurred. Under these rules, if a man went down and could not continue after a count of 30 seconds, the fight was over. Hitting a downed fighter and grasping below the waist were prohibited. Broughton encouraged the use of "mufflers", a

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The jab is recognized as the most important punch in a boxer's arsenal because it provides a fair amount of its own cover and it leaves the least space for a counter punch from the opponent. It has the longest reach of any punch and does not require commitment or large weight transfers. Due to its

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Boxers practice their skills on several types of punching bags. A small, tear-drop-shaped "speed bag" is used to hone reflexes and repetitive punching skills, while a large cylindrical "heavy bag" filled with sand, a synthetic substitute, or water is used to practice power punching and body blows.

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The essence of a swarmer is non-stop aggression. Many short in-fighters use their stature to their advantage, employing a bob-and-weave defense by bending at the waist to slip underneath or to the sides of incoming punches. Unlike blocking, causing an opponent to miss a punch disrupts his balance,

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is disqualified. Referees also ensure that the boxers don't use holding tactics to prevent the opponent from swinging. If this occurs, the referee separates the opponents and orders them to continue boxing. Repeated holding can result in a boxer being penalized or ultimately disqualified. Referees

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A bout in which the predetermined number of rounds passes is decided by the judges, and is said to "go the distance". The fighter with the higher score at the end of the fight is ruled the winner. With three judges, unanimous and split decisions are possible, as are draws. A boxer may win the bout

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These rules did allow the fighters an advantage not enjoyed by today's boxers; they permitted the fighter to drop to one knee to end the round and begin the 30-second count at any time. Thus a fighter realizing he was in trouble had an opportunity to recover. However, this was considered "unmanly"

2660:

The International Boxing Association (AIBA) restricted the use of head guards for senior males at the World Championships and Olympics after 2013. A literature review study analyses present knowledge about protecting headgear and injury prevention in boxing to determine if injury risks associated

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In boxing, each fighter is given a corner of the ring where they rest in between rounds for 1 minute and where their trainers stand. Typically, three individuals stand in the corner besides the boxer; these are the trainer, the assistant trainer and the cutman. The trainer and assistant typically

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At the same time, the knees push upwards quickly and the torso and hips rotate anti-clockwise and the rear heel turns outward, mimicking the body movement of the cross. The strategic utility of the uppercut depends on its ability to "lift" an opponent's body, setting it off-balance for successive

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Weight is also transferred from the rear foot to the lead foot, resulting in the rear heel turning outwards as it acts as a fulcrum for the transfer of weight. Body rotation and the sudden weight transfer give the cross its power. Like the jab, a half-step forward may be added. After the cross is

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is important to protect the teeth and gums from injury, and to cushion the jaw, resulting in a decreased chance of knockout. Both fighters must wear soft soled shoes to reduce the damage from accidental (or intentional) stepping on feet. While older boxing boots more commonly resembled those of a

1500:

A brawler is a fighter who generally lacks finesse and footwork in the ring, but makes up for it through sheer punching power. Many brawlers tend to lack mobility, preferring a less mobile, more stable platform and have difficulty pursuing fighters who are fast on their feet. They may also have a

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A classic "boxer" or stylist (also known as an "out-fighter") seeks to maintain distance between himself and his opponent, fighting with faster, longer range punches, most notably the jab, and gradually wearing his opponent down. Due to this reliance on weaker punches, out-fighters tend to win by

1016:

If a "clinch" – a defensive move in which a boxer wraps their opponent's arms and holds on to create a pause – is broken by the referee, each fighter must take a full step back before punching again (alternatively, the referee may direct the fighters to "punch out" of the clinch). When a boxer is

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of "fair-size" also changed the nature of the bouts. An average pair of boxing gloves resembles a bloated pair of mittens and are laced up around the wrists. The gloves can be used to block an opponent's blows. As a result of their introduction, bouts became longer and more strategic with greater

854:

There were twelve rules in all, and they specified that fights should be "a fair stand-up boxing match" in a 24-foot-square or similar ring. Rounds were three minutes with one-minute rest intervals between rounds. Each fighter was given a ten-second count if he was knocked down, and wrestling was

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In addition, the corner is responsible for stopping the fight if they feel their fighter is in grave danger of permanent injury. The corner will occasionally throw in a white towel to signify a boxer's surrender (the idiomatic phrase "to throw in the towel", meaning to give up, derives from this

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in 2017 show amateur boxing is a comparatively safe sport due to the regulations of amateur boxing and a greater control of the athletes, although the studies did not focus on CTE or its long-term effects. In addition, a good training methodology and short career can reduce the effects of brain

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inside of the opponent's still-extended arm. To move outside the opponent's extended arm is called "bobbing to the outside". To move inside the opponent's extended arm is called "bobbing to the inside". Joe Frazier, Jack Dempsey, Mike Tyson and Rocky Marciano were masters of bobbing and weaving.

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Brawlers tend to be more predictable and easy to hit but usually fare well enough against other fighting styles because they train to take punches very well. They often have a higher chance than other fighting styles to score a knockout against their opponents because they focus on landing big,

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A boxing match typically consists of a determined number of three-minute rounds, a total of up to 9 to 12 rounds with a minute spent between each round with the fighters resting in their assigned corners and receiving advice and attention from their coach and staff. The fight is controlled by a

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Up to three judges are typically present at ringside to score the bout and assign points to the boxers, based on punches and elbows that connect, defense, knockdowns, hugging and other, more subjective, measures. Because of the open-ended style of boxing judging, many fights have controversial

714:

in 1719. This is also the time when the word "boxing" first came to be used. This earliest form of modern boxing was very different. Contests in Mr. Figg's time, in addition to fist fighting, also contained fencing and cudgeling. On 6 January 1681, the first recorded boxing match took place in

684:

when the wearing of weapons became common once again and interest in fighting with the fists waned. However, there are detailed records of various fist-fighting sports that were maintained in different cities and provinces of Italy between the 12th and 17th centuries. There was also a sport in

2005:. Any punch other than a jab is considered a power punch. If a boxer is right-handed (orthodox), their left hand is the lead hand and his right hand is the rear hand. For a left-handed boxer or southpaw, the hand positions are reversed. For clarity, the following assumes a right-handed boxer. 837: 2361:

uses the boxer's shoulder, hands or arms as defensive tools to protect against incoming attacks. A block generally receives a punch while a parry tends to deflect it. A "palm", "catch", or "cuff" is a defence which intentionally takes the incoming punch on the palm portion of the defender's

2125:

At the same time, the lead foot pivots clockwise, turning the left heel outwards. Upon contact, the hook's circular path ends abruptly and the lead hand is pulled quickly back into the guard position. A hook may also target the lower body and this technique is sometimes called the "rip" to

5170:

Tagge, Chad A; Fisher, Andrew M; Minaeva, Olga V; Gaudreau-Balderrama, Amanda; Moncaster, Juliet A; Zhang, Xiao-Lei; Wojnarowicz, Mark W; Casey, Noel; Lu, Haiyan; Kokiko-Cochran, Olga N; Saman, Sudad; Ericsson, Maria; Onos, Kristen D; Veksler, Ronel; Senatorov, Vladimir V (February 2018).

1908:

The modern boxing stance differs substantially from the typical boxing stances of the 19th and early 20th centuries. The modern stance has a more upright vertical-armed guard, as opposed to the more horizontal, knuckles-facing-forward guard adopted by early 20th century hook users such as

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powerful hits, instead of smaller, faster attacks. Oftentimes they place focus on training on their upper body instead of their entire body, to increase power and endurance. They also aim to intimidate their opponents because of their power, stature and ability to take a punch.

2424:

Manny Pacquiao skillfully used the strategy to gauge the power of welterweight titlist Miguel Cotto in November 2009. Pacquiao followed up the rope-a-dope gambit with a withering knockdown. Tyson Fury also attempted this against Francesco Pianeto but did not pull it off as

1058:

of impact, and fighters wear protective headgear, reducing the number of injuries, knockdowns, and knockouts. Currently scoring blows in amateur boxing are subjectively counted by ringside judges, but the Australian Institute for Sport has demonstrated a prototype of an

252:

Although the term "boxing" is commonly attributed to western boxing, in which only fists are involved, it has developed in different ways in different geographical areas and cultures of the World. In global terms, "boxing" today is also a set of combat sports focused on

2394:. To perform a clinch, the boxer loops both hands around the outside of the opponent's shoulders, scooping back under the forearms to grasp the opponent's arms tightly against his own body. In this position, the opponent's arms are pinned and cannot be used to attack. 1720:

Old history of the development of boxing and its prevalence contribute to fusion of various types of martial arts and the emergence of new ones that are based on them. For example, a combination of boxing and sportive sambo techniques gave rise to a combat sambo.

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was known for his hard "chin", punching power, body attack and the stalking of his opponents. Some in-fighters, like Mike Tyson, have been known for being notoriously hard to hit. The key to a swarmer is aggression, endurance, chin, and bobbing-and-weaving.

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is a temporary match state and is quickly dissipated by the referee. Clinching is technically against the rules, and in amateur fights points are deducted fairly quickly for it. It is unlikely, however, to see points deducted for a clinch in professional

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technical knockout win. A technical knockout would also be awarded if a fighter lands a punch that opens a cut on the opponent, and the opponent is later deemed not fit to continue by a doctor because of the cut. For this reason, fighters often employ

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introduced measures that remain in effect for professional boxing to this day, such as outlawing butting, gouging, scratching, kicking, hitting a man while down, holding the ropes, and using resin, stones or hard objects in the hands, and biting.

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called for a ban on boxing. The editor, George Lundberg, called boxing an "obscenity" that "should not be sanctioned by any civilized society". Since then, the British, Canadian and Australian Medical Associations have called for bans on boxing.

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are generally not as mobile as an out-fighter), but instead of winning by decision, they tend to wear their opponents down using combinations and then move in to score the knockout. A boxer must be well rounded to be effective using this style.

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Stewart, W. F.; Gordon, B.; Selnes, O.; Bandeen-Roche, K.; Zeger, S.; Tusa, R. J.; Celentano, D. D.; Shechter, A.; Liberman, J. (15 March 1994). "Prospective study of central nervous system function in amateur boxers in the United States".

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Both the hook and uppercut may be thrown with both hands, resulting in differing footwork and positioning from that described above if thrown by the other hand. Generally the analogous opposite is true of the footwork and torso movement.

339:

The earliest visual evidence of any type of boxing is from Egypt and Sumer, both from the third millennia, and can be seen in Sumerian carvings from the third and second millennia BC. The earliest evidence of boxing rules dates back to

2648:

Professional boxing is forbidden in Iceland, Iran and North Korea. It was banned in Sweden until 2007 when the ban was lifted but strict restrictions, including four three-minute rounds for fights, were imposed. Boxing was banned in

512:) shows both boxers and spectators. These early Middle-Eastern and Egyptian depictions showed contests where fighters were either bare-fisted or had a band supporting the wrist. The earliest evidence of use of gloves can be found in 1632:

this permits forward movement past the opponent's extended arm and keeps the hands free to counter. A distinct advantage that in-fighters have is when throwing uppercuts, they can channel their entire bodyweight behind the punch;

5482:

Viano, David C.; Casson, Ira R.; Pellman, Elliot J.; Bir, Cynthia A.; Zhang, Liying; Sherman, Donald C.; Boitano, Marilyn A. (December 2005). "Concussion in Professional Football: Comparison with Boxing Head Impacts—Part 10".

2599:. There is no clear division between the force required to knock a person out and the force likely to kill a person. Additionally, contact sports, especially combat sports, are directly related to a brain disease called 2564:

responsible for keeping the boxer's face and eyes free of cuts, blood and excessive swelling. This is of particular importance because many fights are stopped because of cuts or swelling that threaten the boxer's eyes.

5373:

McKee, Ann C.; Cantu, Robert C.; Nowinski, Christopher J.; Hedley-Whyte, E. Tessa; Gavett, Brandon E.; Budson, Andrew E.; Santini, Veronica E.; Lee, Hyo-Soon; Kubilus, Caroline A.; Stern, Robert A. (July 2009).

730:

Early fighting had no written rules. There were no weight divisions or round limits, and no referee. In general, it was extremely chaotic. An early article on boxing was published in Nottingham in 1713, by

652:. Fighters protected their knuckles with leather strips wrapped around their fists. Eventually harder leather was used and the strips became a weapon. Metal studs were introduced to the strips to make the 781:

coined the term "the sweet science" as an epithet for prizefighting – or more fully "the sweet science of bruising" as a description of England's bare-knuckle fight scene in the early nineteenth century.

1972:

Left-handed or southpaw fighters use a mirror image of the orthodox stance, which can create problems for orthodox fighters unaccustomed to receiving jabs, hooks, or crosses from the opposite side. The

8760: 3871: 1070:. This was done in part to level the playing field and give all of the athletes the same opportunities government-sponsored boxers from socialist countries and post-Soviet republics have. However, 1017:

knocked down, the other boxer must immediately cease fighting and move to the furthest neutral corner of the ring until the referee has either ruled a knockout or called for the fight to continue.

912:

The first instance of film censorship in the United States occurred in 1897 when several states banned the showing of prize fighting films from the state of Nevada, where it was legal at the time.

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attacks. The right uppercut followed by a left hook is a deadly combination employing the uppercut to lift an opponent's chin into a vulnerable position, then the hook to knock the opponent out.

2637:

damage, even though the levels soon subside. More comprehensive studies of neurological function on larger samples performed by Johns Hopkins University in 1994 and accident rates analyzed by

2178:

been used, because of its immense potential power, to finish off an already staggering opponent who seems unable or unlikely to take advantage of the poor position it leaves the puncher in.

838: 1815:

power will carry the day. A famous example of this type of match-up advantage would be George Foreman's knockout victory over Joe Frazier in their original bout "The Sunshine Showdown".

348:

in 688 BC. Boxing evolved from 16th- and 18th-century prizefights, largely in Great Britain, to the forerunner of modern boxing in the mid-19th century with the 1867 introduction of the

1054:

Throughout the 17th to 19th centuries, boxing bouts were motivated by money, as the fighters competed for prize money, promoters controlled the gate, and spectators bet on the result.

312:

since the earliest days of human history. The origins of boxing in any of its forms as a sport remain uncertain, but some sources suggest that it has prehistoric roots in what is now

6495: 698:

As the wearing of swords became less common, there was renewed interest in fencing with the fists. The sport later resurfaced in England during the early 16th century in the form of

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was also a fine swordsman and boxer, and excellent horseman, charioteer and elephant-rider ... and far-famed for his knowledge of grammar, music, logic and 'other great sciences'.

2420:

is generally discouraged since most opponents are not fooled by it and few boxers possess the physical toughness to withstand a prolonged, unanswered assault. Recently, however,

1889:, a raised platform surrounded by ropes attached to posts rising in each corner. The term "ring" has come to be used as a metaphor for many aspects of prize fighting in general. 1878:

volume than usual. In addition, they also allow trainers to make boxers utilize footwork and distances more accurately. Recently boxing clubs have started using something called

6026: 2336:– To anticipate a punch and move the upper body or head back so that it misses or has its force appreciably lessened. Also called "rolling with the punch" or " Riding The Punch. 2645:

In 1997, the American Association of Professional Ringside Physicians was established to create medical protocols through research and education to prevent injuries in boxing.

2126:

distinguish it from the conventional hook to the head. The hook may also be thrown with the rear hand. Notable left hookers include Joe Frazier, Roy Jones Jr. and Mike Tyson.

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at prizefights were common occurrences. Still, throughout this period, there arose some notable bare knuckle champions who developed fairly sophisticated fighting tactics.

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referee who works within the ring to judge and control the conduct of the fighters, rule on their ability to fight safely, count knocked-down fighters, and rule on fouls.

669: 486:

they learned the art of boxing from the local population, and they took the sport to Egypt where it became popular. From Egypt, boxing spread to other countries including

5222:

Montenigro, Philip H; Baugh, Christine M; Daneshvar, Daniel H; Mez, Jesse; Budson, Andrew E; Au, Rhoda; Katz, Douglas I; Cantu, Robert C; Stern, Robert A (October 2014).

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wide arc, the roundhouse can be a powerful blow, but it is often a wild and uncontrolled punch that leaves the fighter delivering it off balance and with an open guard.

4203: 2606:

In March 1981, neurosurgeon Fred Sonstein sought to use CAT scans in an attempt to track the degeneration of boxers' cognitive functions after seeing the decline of

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and uppercuts. Mainly Mexican, Irish, Irish-American, Puerto Rican, and Mexican-American boxers popularized this style. A successful in-fighter often needs a good "

1879: 373:

A winner can be resolved before the completion of the rounds when a referee deems an opponent incapable of continuing, disqualifies an opponent, or the opponent

1508:

A brawler's most important assets are power and chin (the ability to absorb punishment while remaining able to continue boxing). Examples of this style include

4331: 3431:

Early evidence of boxing in ancient Egypt and Mesopotamia: A Comparative Study. Fawziah Abdullah Mohamedorcid Egyptology Department, Faculty of Archaeology

990:

Should the referee count to ten, then the knocked-down boxer is ruled "knocked out" (whether unconscious or not) and the other boxer is ruled the winner by

5324:"Understanding the Consequences of Repetitive Subconcussive Head Impacts in Sport: Brain Changes and Dampened Motor Control Are Seen After Boxing Practice" 4653: 324:, they adopted boxing from the local populace, subsequently popularizing it in Egypt. From there, the sport of boxing spread to various regions, including 5224:"Clinical subtypes of chronic traumatic encephalopathy: literature review and proposed research diagnostic criteria for traumatic encephalopathy syndrome" 5623: 4900: 8720: 6835: 4422: 4141: 4066: 2185:, in which the opponent swings an arm out several times in a wide arc, usually as a distraction, before delivering with either that or the other arm. 1966: 8730: 8710: 8700: 8690: 8445: 4857:

among fighters ... New evidence of the correlation between boxing and brain damage was reported in the journal by a team of Ohio doctors, led by Dr.

2603:, abbreviated as CTE. This disease begins to develop during the life of the athlete, and continues to develop even after sports activity has ceased. 3658: 8876: 8685: 5836: 827: 6027:"Boxing Hall of Fame Las Vegas announces first class of inductees, gives sport its third hall – Boxing Experts Blog – Boxing Blog – Yahoo! Sports" 478:

The origin of the sport of boxing is unknown, however according to some sources boxing in any of its forms has prehistoric origins in present-day

8961: 6309:, M.D., Cole, Monroe, Thompson, Jay S., Kim, Kyung H.: "Boxers: Computed Axial Tomography, Electroencephalography and Neurological Evaluation." 3845: 2386:

and occurs when the distance between both fighters has closed and straight punches cannot be employed. In this situation, the boxer attempts to

1615:

In-fighters/swarmers (sometimes called "pressure fighters") attempt to stay close to an opponent, throwing intense flurries and combinations of

569:

describes two combatants boxing with clenched fists and fighting with kicks, finger strikes, knee strikes and headbutts during the time of King

8750: 8740: 3946: 2086:, being able to exploit openings in his opponents' guards while avoiding punches with head and body movement. He is also known as a formidable 5767: 2625:

Supporters of the ban state that boxing is the only sport where hurting the other athlete is the goal. Bill O'Neill, boxing spokesman for the

8755: 8480: 8725: 8680: 8438: 6790: 5866: 5433:

Safinia, Cyrus; Bershad, Eric M.; Clark, H. Brent; SantaCruz, Karen; Alakbarova, Naila; Suarez, Jose I.; Divani, Afshin A. (October 2016).

2507:

boxers trying to reach taller opponents. Boxers who have used this punch consistently and effectively include former heavyweight champions

8735: 8705: 8695: 5894:"Concussions, cuts and cracked bones: A systematic literature review on protective headgear and head injury prevention in Olympic boxing" 4699: 1831: 6378: 5554: 4759: 4638: 4241: 3197: 3178: 3162: 8909: 8715: 8670: 5173:"Concussion, microvascular injury, and early tauopathy in young athletes after impact head injury and an impact concussion mouse model" 1067: 1071: 786:

chosen, and every matter conducted in form. After several knock-down blows on both sides, the battle ended in favour of Mary Farmery.

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The A-Z of World Boxing: An Authoritative and Entertaining Compendium of the Fight Game from Its Origins to the Present Day page 296

1153:

century, it was common for fights to have unlimited rounds, ending only when one fighter quit, benefiting high-energy fighters like

8745: 6921: 3811: 915:

Throughout the early twentieth century, boxers struggled to achieve legitimacy. They were aided by the influence of promoters like

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Zazryn, Tsharni R.; McCrory, Paul R.; Cameron, Peter A. (February 2009). "Neurologic Injuries in Boxing and Other Combat Sports".

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give advice to the boxer on what they are doing wrong as well as encouraging them if they are losing. The cutman is a cutaneous

8646: 8475: 8461: 7025: 3142: 3106: 891: 642: 4357: 1157:. Fifteen rounds remained the internationally recognized limit for championship fights for most of the 20th century until the 257:, in which two opponents face each other in a fight using at least their fists, and possibly involving other actions, such as 6101: 5537: 4709: 4315: 3753: 3543: 3490: 7145: 4786: 4211: 3992: 3121: 6107: 5322:

Di Virgilio, Thomas G.; Ietswaart, Magdalena; Wilson, Lindsay; Donaldson, David I.; Hunter, Angus M. (10 September 2019).

4358:"Learn about the different boxing styles. BoxingBeginners.com, the main source of Boxing for Beginners, learn how to box!" 8954: 8641: 3021: 366:

sport and is a standard fixture in most international games—it also has its world championships. Boxing is overseen by a

4264: 2586: 1040:(right) held world championships in four weight classes: lightweight, welterweight, light middleweight and middleweight. 755:

form of padded bandage or mitten, to be used in "jousting" or sparring sessions in training, and in exhibition matches.

8807: 8795: 8617: 8570: 8553: 8536: 8519: 8096: 7060: 4041: 3572: 3275: 3042: 1862:

professional wrestler, modern boxing shoes and boots tend to be quite similar to their amateur wrestling counterparts.

385:. In Olympic boxing, because a winner must be declared, judges award the contest to one fighter on technical criteria. 894:, despite the consent of the participants. This marked the end of widespread public bare-knuckle contests in England. 8831: 8819: 8607: 8091: 7945: 7778: 6785: 6347: 6325: 6285: 6270: 6232: 6217: 6184: 6169: 6147: 6132: 6086: 6067: 3931: 2973: 2901: 2763: 2748: 2714: 1797: 743:, described a system of headbutting, punching, eye-gouging, chokes, and hard throws, not recognized in boxing today. 128: 109: 3344:

Symposium: Sports and the Law by William B. Gould (IV), Henry T. Greely, Stanford University. School of Law - Page 9

2204:

There are several basic maneuvers a boxer can use in order to evade or block punches, depicted and discussed below.

1779: 739:, who had practised the techniques he described. The article, a single page in his manual of wrestling and fencing, 8866: 8843: 8595: 8081: 8064: 8059: 7910: 7103: 6408: 3127: 3052: 2999: 2600: 381:

determine the victor. In case both fighters gain equal scores from the judges, a professional bout is considered a

81: 4335: 850:

was made available to exhibitors for $ 22.50. Customers who watched the final round saw Leonard score a knockdown.

8921: 8904: 8783: 8543: 6750: 3442:

The Martial Science of Boxing and its Contribution to Military Close Combat / James R. Lee-Barron. Published 2012

3012: 2954: 2917: 2893: 1059: 732: 302: 3028: 9371: 9361: 8947: 8044: 6810: 3017:

There are various organization and websites, that rank boxers in both weight class and pound-for-pound manner.

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An example of a style matchup was the historical fight of Julio César Chávez, a swarmer or in-fighter, against

1775: 724: 66: 7648: 2527:

heavily favours and is otherwise known for knocking many of his opponents out with one of his right overhands.

471:

and the lack of references, it is not possible to determine rules of any kind of boxing in prehistory, and in

88: 8054: 8039: 6850: 6484: 5631: 4897: 2811: 2547: 1063: 967: 960: 803: 349: 199: 159:

men boxing for charity (1945). The modern sport was codified in England in the 19th and early 20th centuries.

4787:"Better and Safer Boxing: Ringside and Boardroom Medical Control of Boxing Careers in the Twentieth Century" 4586: 4430: 4149: 2555:

receiving instructions from her trainer while being treated by her cutman in the ring corner between rounds.

1628:

several fighters tall for their division have been relatively adept at in-fighting as well as out-fighting.

8928: 8636: 7287: 6914: 6825: 5974: 5581:"Largest CTE study to date finds evidence of disease in 6% of all test subjects, over 28% in former boxers" 3243: 2879: 2654: 2617: 5063: 2375: 8629: 8612: 8565: 8548: 8531: 8514: 8118: 8049: 6664: 6503: 3673: 3329: 2626: 2259: 1898: 417: 5844: 2027: 95: 9366: 7018: 2929: 2573:

and Floyd Mayweather. In that fight, Corrales' corner surrendered despite Corrales' steadfast refusal.

593:, and logic—was said to be an excellent horseman, charioteer, elephant rider, swordsman and boxer. The 428: 374: 6357: 5376:"Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy in Athletes: Progressive Tauopathy following Repetitive Head Injury" 1279: 8560: 8123: 6704: 6546: 6253: 3849: 2960: 2897: 2444:. Nevertheless, a few professional boxers have used the bolo-punch to great effect, including former 3319:

Martial Arts of the World: An Encyclopedia of History and Innovation, Volumen 2 - by Thomas A. Green

3259: 8509: 8146: 7362: 7065: 5764: 5738: 5273:

Johnson, Brian; Neuberger, Thomas; Gay, Michael; Hallett, Mark; Slobounov, Semyon (December 2014).

2942: 2413: 1933: 1760: 1474: 1033: 77: 17: 3966: 1259: 432:

A boxing scene depicted on a Panathenaic amphora from Ancient Greece, circa 336 BC, British Museum

8419: 8138: 7991: 7570: 7218: 7160: 7113: 7050: 6907: 6878: 6795: 6714: 6479: 3096: 2692: 2685: 2638: 2379: 2358: 2299: 2266: 2249: 1771: 1764: 1705: 1517: 1473:, Sergio Martínez and Guillermo Rigondeaux. This style of boxing is also used by fictional boxer 790: 378: 62: 55: 31: 6000: 872: 7981: 6433: 3723: 1565: 1383: 906: 736: 586: 4715: 3924:

The Regulation of Boxing: A History and Comparative Analysis of Policies Among American States

1947: 1454: 1169:

and other organizations sanctioning professional boxing to reduce the limit to twelve rounds.

997: 9335: 9263: 9248: 8994: 8662: 8072: 7480: 7150: 7133: 7128: 7055: 7011: 6624: 6516: 6511: 4916: 4763: 4737: 3132: 3111: 2923: 2807: 2083: 1398: 1371: 984: 691: 631: 377:. When the fight reaches the end of its final round with both opponents still standing, the 345: 7768: 6113: 2523:. The overhand has become a popular weapon in other tournaments that involve fist striking. 2242: 9206: 9134: 9085: 8883: 8526: 7950: 7788: 7720: 7265: 7260: 7155: 7118: 7098: 7090: 7045: 6830: 6805: 6740: 6639: 6401: 4560: 3101: 2948: 2630: 2582: 1910: 1502: 1462: 1426: 1367: 1287: 1263: 1166: 807: 727:), engineered a bout between his butler and his butcher with the latter winning the prize. 630:, and enjoyed consistent popularity. In Olympic terms, it was first introduced in the 23rd 626: 399: 7677: 6364: 4091: 2870:, Julio César Chávez Sr., Jack Dempsey, Roberto Durán, Joe Louis, and Sugar Ray Robinson. 1919: 1842:

Since boxing involves forceful, repetitive punching, precautions must be taken to prevent

706:. The first documented account of a bare-knuckle fight in England appeared in 1681 in the 8: 9258: 9154: 9149: 9090: 9004: 8861: 8589: 8409: 8373: 8281: 8068: 7834: 7700: 7690: 7485: 7475: 7440: 7405: 7170: 7140: 7108: 6992: 6987: 6982: 6977: 6972: 6967: 6962: 6957: 6952: 6947: 6942: 6815: 6541: 6536: 6526: 6453: 6428: 3116: 3088: 3048: 2767: 1843: 1191: 1158: 1129: 699: 513: 413: 309: 274: 3805: 3784: 3419: 3191: 1235: 1138: 1134: 601:. The martial art is related to other forms of martial arts found in other parts of the 408: 9026: 8802: 8790: 8624: 8180: 8110: 7857: 7705: 7123: 5931: 5715: 5690: 5659: 5508: 5496: 5459: 5434: 5410: 5375: 5350: 5323: 5299: 5274: 5250: 5223: 5199: 5172: 5005: 4980: 4122: 4062: 3639: 3357: 2905: 2783: 2395: 1557: 1347: 1283: 1104: 540: 460: 363: 8430: 7830: 6372: 5817:

Rudd, S.; Hodge, J.; Finley, R.; Lewis, P.; Wang, M. (2016). "Should We Ban Boxing?".

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The June 1894 Leonard–Cushing bout. Each of the six one-minute rounds recorded by the

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have been the general rules governing modern boxing since their publication in 1867.

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A Historical Overview of Mixed Martial Arts in China, by William Acevedo, Mei Cheung

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The Bittersweet Science: Fifteen Writers in the Gym, in the Corner, and at Ringside

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Draeger, Donn F. (1981). Comprehensive Asian Fighting Arts. Kodansha International.

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Boxing Mastery: Advanced Technique, Tactics, and Strategies from the Sweet Science

5910: 5893: 4452: 4312: 2884: 2827: 2467: 2292: 1355: 1037: 9356: 9196: 9191: 8916: 8778: 8086: 7625: 7585: 7507: 7495: 7460: 7203: 7198: 6868: 6760: 6724: 6719: 6521: 6474: 6394: 5771: 5527: 5392: 4904: 4319: 3815: 3743: 3505: 3480: 3343: 3318: 3032: 2843: 2823: 2779: 2747:

The sport of boxing has two internationally recognized boxing halls of fame; the

2512: 2457: 2283: 2276: 1974: 1827: 1645: 1608: 1430: 1422: 1343: 1255: 1005: 931: 747: 680:

Records of boxing activity disappeared in the west after the fall of the Western

637: 578: 502: 472: 436: 254: 191: 180: 6278:

The Greatest Boxing Stories Ever Told: Thirty-Six Incredible Tales from the Ring

6203: 5892:

Tjønndal, Anne; Haudenhuyse, Reinhard; de Geus, Bas; Buyse, Luk (4 March 2022).

5803: 5064:"Sports Concussion Statistics | HCC- Best Anti Concussion Helmets & Devices" 4841: 4113:

Rubin, Louis D. (2000). "The Manly art of Modified Mayhem: Dempsey and Others".

2308: 1553: 1363: 1194:

scenario – boxer beats brawler, brawler beats swarmer, and swarmer beats boxer.

9315: 9310: 9181: 9041: 8999: 8989: 8975: 8340: 8031: 7975: 7915: 7872: 7842: 7575: 7470: 7310: 7250: 7238: 7193: 7188: 6654: 6619: 6608: 6599: 6586: 6576: 6443: 6438: 6306: 6258: 5435:"Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy in Athletes Involved with High-impact Sports" 5275:"Effects of Subconcussive Head Trauma on the Default Mode Network of the Brain" 4953: 4858: 2867: 2863: 2851: 2847: 2835: 2607: 2570: 2552: 2524: 2508: 2387: 2034: 1994: 1871: 1681: 1669: 1577: 1569: 1513: 1509: 1494: 1442: 1335: 1247: 1146: 1116: 1083: 1044: 939: 751: 444: 355: 341: 325: 262: 246: 176: 5240: 5106: 5089: 5041: 4871:

Lundberg, George D. (1983). "Boxing should be banned in civilized countries".

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only can be inferred from the few intact sources and references to the sport.

9350: 9300: 9201: 9102: 9095: 9080: 8971: 8939: 8295: 8263: 8166: 7966: 7925: 7715: 7610: 7580: 7535: 7490: 7372: 7322: 7315: 7233: 6694: 6674: 6628: 6604: 6074: 5919: 5667: 5450: 5401: 5340: 5147: 5130: 4996: 3763: 3698: 3635: 3291: 2839: 2831: 2819: 2803: 2771: 2516: 2503: 2060: 2051: 1998: 1851: 1737: 1637: 1620: 1616: 1458: 1450: 1414: 1379: 1267: 856: 811: 762: 602: 530: 452: 421: 359: 317: 316:, emerging as early as the sixth millennium BC. It is believed that when the 294: 266: 6888: 9281: 9216: 9186: 9159: 9129: 9117: 9063: 9058: 8276: 7986: 7940: 7862: 7820: 7783: 7735: 7682: 7590: 7530: 7430: 7367: 7357: 7300: 7034: 6780: 6745: 6644: 6561: 6352: 6055: 5927: 5724: 5504: 5468: 5419: 5359: 5308: 5259: 5208: 5189: 5156: 5115: 5049: 5014: 4672: 3745:

The Boxing Register: International Boxing Hall of Fame Official Record Book

2855: 2799: 2791: 2787: 2775: 2614:

fighters died due to ring or training injuries. In 1983, editorials in the

2610:. From 1980 to 2007, more than 200 amateur boxers, professional boxers and 2596: 2445: 2441: 2436: 2189: 1697: 1653: 1589: 1585: 1573: 1545: 1529: 1525: 1521: 1438: 1375: 1339: 1331: 1327: 1315: 1291: 1227: 1223: 1219: 1207: 1154: 1142: 1103:

Amateur boxing may be found at the collegiate level, at the Olympic Games,

1092: 935: 819: 681: 657: 649: 614: 535: 482:, where it appeared in the sixth millennium BC. When the Egyptians invaded 333: 298: 234: 222: 6204:

Death Under the Spotlight: The Manuel Velazquez Boxing Fatality Collection

5675: 5290: 758: 9070: 8225: 7892: 7852: 7795: 7605: 7305: 7228: 6800: 6755: 6709: 4311:

Bert Randolph Sugar (2001). "Boxing", World Book Online Americas Edition

3826:

Anonymous ("A Celebrated Pugilist"), The Art and Practice of Boxing, 1825

3517: 3454: 3371: 2889: 2741: 2417: 2210: 2132: 1886: 1847: 1693: 1661: 1649: 1537: 1446: 1434: 1243: 1162: 1108: 1095:(left) is the first female boxer to win an Olympic gold medal. Here with 916: 847: 823: 815: 778: 686: 585:—in addition to being well-versed in "the great sciences" which included 565: 329: 233:, it involves two people – usually wearing protective equipment, such as 230: 226: 195: 6225:

A Century of Boxing Greats: Inside the Ring with the Hundred Best Boxers

4265:"Pro Boxers at the Olympics: An Opportunity, or a Dangerous Power Grab?" 4126: 2226: 2044: 9236: 9144: 9075: 9036: 9014: 8128: 7882: 7810: 7740: 7710: 7695: 7666: 7654: 7620: 7550: 7445: 7425: 7255: 6820: 6699: 6649: 6634: 6566: 6458: 3420:

2756: 2699: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. 2592: 2534: 2474: 2432: 2182: 2087: 1858: 1685: 1665: 1633: 1604: 1581: 1549: 1418: 1251: 886: 711: 582: 468: 448: 382: 278: 242: 156: 4234:"WBC forbids its champions and ranked fighters from going to Olympics" 3643: 3611: 1489: 9253: 9231: 9221: 9031: 8383: 8378: 8368: 8328: 8323: 8258: 8253: 8213: 8208: 8151: 8133: 7935: 7847: 7815: 7773: 7763: 7725: 7600: 7565: 7555: 7455: 7414: 7392: 7245: 7183: 6684: 6494: 5169: 5090:"Chronic traumatic encephalopathy: A paradigm in search of evidence?" 4799: 3531: 2752: 2561: 2383: 1867: 1733: 1689: 1541: 1351: 1319: 1202: 897:

The first world heavyweight champion under the Queensberry Rules was

766: 606: 456: 282: 238: 7400: 6298: 3025: 2674: 1749: 1088: 44: 9295: 9290: 9286: 9166: 9112: 9107: 9053: 7877: 7805: 7753: 7525: 7435: 7382: 7344: 7332: 7208: 6775: 6689: 6614: 6571: 6551: 5555:"Study – Why are CTE Symptoms Worse for Boxers vs. Other Athletes?" 5321: 4957: 4561:"Hobbies & Braces: Protect Teeth While Playing Sport and Music" 3627: 2391: 2390:

or "tie up" the opponent's hands so he is unable to throw hooks or

2354: 2326: 2217: 2144: 2067: 2011: 2002: 1096: 991: 943: 641:

A boxer and a rooster in a Roman mosaic of first century AD at the

610: 555: 545: 479: 313: 270: 4092:"Information About Boxing: Definition, History, Rules & Types" 9211: 9124: 9021: 8353: 8308: 8243: 8193: 7920: 7905: 7900: 7800: 7758: 7660: 7615: 7560: 7420: 7377: 7327: 6899: 6250:

The Science of Self Defence: A Treatise on Sparring and Wrestling

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was known for his aggressive, non-stop assault style of fighting.

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The Ultimate Boxer: Understanding the Sport and Skills of Boxing

5644: 4204:"Feisty USA Boxing President John Brown Sees Better Times Ahead" 4186:"Professional boxers will be allowed to compete at Rio Olympics" 3062: 919:

and the popularity of great champions such as John L. Sullivan.

370:

over a series of one-to-three-minute intervals called "rounds".

9305: 9226: 8363: 8318: 8271: 8248: 8203: 8161: 7867: 7643: 7595: 7545: 7003: 6765: 6531: 6245:(with photographs by John Ranard) (1987, revised edition, 2006) 5891: 4626:

Championship Fighting Explosive Punching and Aggressive Defense

4613:

Championship Fighting Explosive Punching and Aggressive Defense

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An illegal punch to the back of the head or neck is known as a

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in a re-match for the heavyweight championship of England, 1811

653: 570: 487: 290: 5372: 5131:"New insights into the long-term effects of mild brain injury" 3389: 3387: 3385: 3383: 3381: 3379: 2736: 1846:. Most trainers do not allow boxers to train and spar without 493:

The earliest visual evidence of any type of boxing comes from

7996: 7748: 7540: 7515: 6371: 6367:, Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library, Yale University. 6123:

Fleischer, Nat, Sam Andre, Nigel Collins, Dan Rafael (2002).

5691:"The Evidence for Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy in Boxing" 5030:

Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Clinics of North America

3727: 3573:"Musti Yuddha - Martial Arts in India- Art and Culture Notes" 3171: 1405:

Notable counter punchers include Muhammad Ali, Joe Calzaghe,

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fresco circa 1650 BC. This is the earliest documented use of

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in 1989. The first inductees in 1990 included Jack Johnson,

2751:

and the Boxing Hall of Fame Las Vegas. The latter opened in

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is an arm punch which owes its power to the shortening of a

674:

The Science of Defence: A Treatise on Sparring and Wrestling

9171: 9139: 8358: 8313: 8238: 8198: 7450: 7410: 7352: 7295: 7223: 6190:"Accidents Take Lives of Young Alumni" (July/August 2005). 5221: 3376: 3038: 624:

In Ancient Greece boxing was a well developed sport called

577:) were often fought to the death. During the period of the 501:

both from the third millennium BC. A relief sculpture from

440: 258: 5739:"American Association of Professional Ringside Physicians" 5272: 4929: 4639:"The Tactical Guide to Gennady Golovkin vs Canelo Alvarez" 597:, an 18th-century Sikh text, gives numerous references to 6594: 6386: 3068: 2657:. Norway legalized professional boxing in December 2014. 2018: 1990: 1624: 1584:. This style of boxing was also used by fictional boxers 273:, depending on the rules. Some of these variants are the 5949: 5742: 5529:

Handbook of Traumatic Brain Injury and Neurodegeneration

4978: 4830:. Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. 24 March 1981. p. 2D. 1623:" because swarming usually involves being hit with many 1310:, Sugar Ray Leonard, Roy Jones Jr., Wladimir Klitschko, 668: 8460: 7635: 6341: 5689:

McCrory, Paul; Zazryn, Tsharni; Cameron, Peter (2007).

4067:"Why boxing disappeared after the Rumble in the Jungle" 3201:. Vol. 22 (11th ed.). 1911. pp. 637–639. 2587:

The distance (boxing) § Distance change criticisms

1882:

to train newbies in a more musical way to gain rhythm.

797: 6382:. Vol. 4 (11th ed.). 1911. pp. 350–352. 4931: 3182:. Vol. 4 (11th ed.). 1911. pp. 350–352. 1977:, conversely, is vulnerable to a straight right hand. 826:. The rules were published under the patronage of the 8494: 5481: 4979:

Tommasone, Beth A; Valovich McLeod, Tamara C (2006).

3659:"Sports Spectators from Antiquity to the Renaissance" 3600:, London: MacMillan, 1910, p.402, pp.415–416, 419–422 3244:"Is boxing considered a martial art? Yes, here's why" 863: 741:

Progymnasmata: The inn-play, or Cornish-hugg wrestler

297:. Boxing techniques have been incorporated into many 5837:"Why head-guards in boxing isn't always best ?" 5816: 5688: 5380:

Journal of Neuropathology and Experimental Neurology

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Writing the Prizefight: Pierce Egan's Boxiana World

4587:"The Importance of a Mouthguard When Playing Sport" 2873: 830:, whose name has always been associated with them. 69:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. 6836:List of deaths due to injuries sustained in boxing 6227:. Robson Books (UK) / Parkwest Publications (US). 5975:"Boxing Hall of Fame Las Vegas news – Boxing News" 3339: 3337: 3292:"Inside the UK's white-collar cage fighting scene" 1028: 710:, and the first English bare-knuckle champion was 490:, eastward to Mesopotamia, and northward to Rome. 249:at each other for a predetermined amount of time. 4654:"Canelo vs Golovkin Breakdown: Moves to remember" 4042:"Prizefighting and the Birth of Movie Censorship" 3260:"9 reasons why boxing is the perfect martial art" 2569:practice). This can be seen in the fight between 9348: 5439:Journal of Vascular and Interventional Neurology 4845:Electronic Journals of Martial Arts and Sciences 4481:James Roberts and Alexander Skutt, Joe Frazier, 4423:"The 15 Greatest Composite Punchers of All Time" 4289:. Boxing.about.com. 9 April 2012. Archived from 2591:Knocking a person unconscious or even causing a 2181:Another unconventional punch is the rarely used 672:A straight right demonstrated in Edmund Price's 663: 439:with different extremities of the body, such as 5867:"Olympic boxing drops headgear, tweaks scoring" 3896:. University of Chicago Press. 2017. p. 3. 3742:Roberts, James B.; Skutt, Alexander G. (2006). 3334: 3276:"Reasons why boxing is the perfect martial art" 3165:notes as different pugilism and boxing. Vol. 4 1636:was famous for throwing devastating uppercuts. 890:in 1882 found that a bare-knuckle fight was an 8969: 5741:. Aaprp.org. 17 September 2011. Archived from 4701:Boxing: A Worldwide Record of Bouts and Boxers 4172:"Barry McGuigan explains Cuban boxing success" 3961: 3959: 3835:Daniel Mendoza, The Modern Art of Boxing, 1790 3367: 3365: 3124:– military training exercise related to boxing 2460:is regarded as the inventor of the bolo punch. 1290:. This style was also used by fictional boxer 8955: 8446: 7019: 6915: 6402: 6313:, Vol. 249, No. 2, 211–213, January 14, 1983. 6153:Gunn M, Ormerod D. "The Legality of Boxing". 3748:(4th ed.). Ithaca, N.Y.: McBooks Press. 3393: 3353: 3351: 1306:Notable boxer-punchers include Muhammad Ali, 987:regardless of if the fighter gets up before. 6365:Boxing Prints Collection. General Collection 4651: 3741: 3716: 3478: 1989:There are four basic punches in boxing: the 6311:Journal of the American Medical Association 6094:TITLE TOWN, USA: Boxing in Upstate New York 4873:Journal of the American Medical Association 3956: 3555: 3479:Draeger, Donn F.; Smith, Robert W. (1980). 3362: 2759:, former assistant manager for Mike Tyson. 2664: 2431:: Occasionally seen in Olympic boxing, the 1778:. Unsourced material may be challenged and 8962: 8948: 8453: 8439: 7026: 7012: 6922: 6908: 6409: 6395: 5525: 5087: 4954:"UK | BMA renews call for boxing ban" 4652:Fantaousakis, Kostas (23 September 2017). 4142:"Headgear Protects Boxers' Brains, Mostly" 3612:"The Evidence for Kicking in Greek Boxing" 3396:"Encyclopædia Britannica entry for Boxing" 3348: 2412: : Used by Muhammad Ali in his 1974 " 451:, has existed across the world throughout 6791:International Women's Boxing Hall of Fame 5909: 5774:SecondsOut.com, Accessed 25 November 2007 5714: 5624:"Does Amateur Boxing Cause Brain Damage?" 5616: 5552: 5458: 5409: 5391: 5349: 5339: 5298: 5249: 5239: 5198: 5188: 5146: 5105: 5004: 4798: 4334:. Boxing Training Fitness. Archived from 3921: 3530: 2749:International Boxing Hall of Fame (IBHOF) 2715:Learn how and when to remove this message 1885:Boxing matches typically take place in a 1798:Learn how and when to remove this message 1711: 129:Learn how and when to remove this message 27:Full contact combat sport and martial art 6263:Ringside: A Treasury of Boxing Reportage 5606:"Amateur boxers suffer brain damage too" 4870: 3967:"Marquess of Queensberry rules | boxing" 3953:educational website. Retrieved 12/14/06. 3656: 3609: 3163:Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition 2883: 2735: 2546: 2403: 2131: 2074: 1728: 1603: 1488: 1210:was a typical example of an out-fighter. 1201: 1133: 1087: 1043: 1032: 996: 926: 905:in 1892 at the Pelican Athletic Club in 871: 832: 757: 667: 648:Boxing was a popular spectator sport in 636: 427: 407: 404:History of physical training and fitness 8018: 6252:, 1867 (available at Internet Archive, 5578: 4697: 3990: 3372:Boxing equipment and history - Olympics 2731: 1717:pressure fight with his power punches. 14: 9349: 6884: 6210:The Hardest Game: McIlvanney on Boxing 5128: 4826:"Sports People: Inside boxer's head". 4784: 4262: 4139: 3993:"London – History – Unlicensed Boxing" 3570: 3143:World Colored Heavyweight Championship 3107:List of current world boxing champions 1832:Julio César Chávez vs. Meldrick Taylor 1185: 1123: 892:assault occasioning actual bodily harm 643:National Archaeological Museum, Naples 8943: 8434: 8017: 7078: 7007: 6903: 6390: 5526:Castellani, Rudy J. (24 April 2020). 4670: 4112: 3452: 1599: 985:require the referee to count to eight 656:. Fighting events were held at Roman 344:, where boxing was established as an 6874: 6024: 5801: 4981:"Contact Sport Concussion Incidence" 4879:(2). Jama.jamanetwork.com: 249–250. 4673:"Boxing for Fitness: Straight Right" 2794:. Other world-class figures include 2740:Stamp honoring heavyweight champion 2697:adding citations to reliable sources 2668: 1776:adding citations to reliable sources 1743: 1652:, Julio César Chávez, Jack Dempsey, 1197: 1066:and other tournaments sanctioned by 1004:of Sweden KO's heavyweight champion 798:Marquess of Queensberry rules (1867) 67:adding citations to reliable sources 38: 8462:World professional boxing champions 5950:"International Boxing Hall of Fame" 4546:James Roberts and Alexander Skutt, 4520:James Roberts and Alexander Skutt, 4507:James Roberts and Alexander Skutt, 4494:James Roberts and Alexander Skutt, 4468:James Roberts and Alexander Skutt, 4408:James Roberts and Alexander Skutt, 4395:James Roberts and Alexander Skutt, 4382:James Roberts and Alexander Skutt, 4061: 3699:"History Boxing : CISM Europe" 3598:Greek Athletic Sports and Festivals 3022:Transnational Boxing Rankings Board 2452:as well as current British fighter 746:The first boxing rules, called the 529:Various types of boxing existed in 24: 7079: 6929: 5843:. 14 February 2019. Archived from 5660:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a117047 5497:10.1227/01.neu.0000187541.87937.d9 5228:Alzheimer's Research & Therapy 4039: 4016: 3006: 2987:Intercontinental Boxing Federation 2576: 1700:. This style was also used by the 1484: 1393: 864:Late 19th and early 20th centuries 810:for amateur championships held at 455:, being a combat system as old as 393: 25: 9383: 8721:Super featherweight (130 lb) 7946:Marine Corps Martial Arts Program 6786:International Boxing Hall of Fame 6348:International Boxing Hall of Fame 6333: 6316:U.S. Amateur Boxing Inc. (1994). 5898:European Journal of Sport Science 5088:Castellani, Rudy J. (June 2015). 4140:Emspak, Jesse (8 February 2012). 3808:East London Prize Ring Rules 1743 3616:The American Journal of Philology 3596:Gardiner, E. Norman, 'Boxing' in 3482:Comprehensive Asian Fighting Arts 2974:International Boxing Organization 2764:International Boxing Hall of Fame 2448:champions Sugar Ray Leonard, and 2038:– in counter-punch with a looping 1724: 1077: 8970: 8731:Super bantamweight (122 lb) 8711:Light welterweight (140 lb) 8701:Light middleweight (154 lb) 8691:Super middleweight (168 lb) 8414: 8404: 7911:Historical European martial arts 7033: 6883: 6873: 6864: 6863: 6493: 6125:An Illustrated History of Boxing 6018: 5993: 5967: 5942: 5885: 5859: 5829: 5810: 5795: 5777: 5757: 5731: 5707:10.2165/00007256-200737060-00001 5682: 5648:American Journal of Epidemiology 5129:Ridler, Charlotte (April 2017). 4930:Australian Medical Association. 4885:10.1001/jama.1983.03330260068037 4533:James Roberts, Alexander Skutt, 3949:Part of the Library of Congress 3278:. MMA Channel. 29 September 2021 3081: 3000:International Boxing Association 2930:Nevada State Athletic Commission 2904:heavyweight champion, Ukrainian 2874:Governing and sanctioning bodies 2673: 2601:chronic traumatic encephalopathy 2482: 2466: 2307: 2291: 2275: 2258: 2241: 2225: 2209: 2059: 2043: 2026: 2010: 1946: 1932: 1918: 1830:, the boxer or out-fighter (see 1748: 1528:, Danny García, Wilfredo Gómez, 1297: 1180: 1074:strongly opposed that decision. 922: 149: 43: 8686:Light heavyweight (175 lb) 8415: 6048: 5638: 5598: 5572: 5546: 5519: 5475: 5426: 5366: 5328:Frontiers in Human Neuroscience 5315: 5266: 5215: 5163: 5122: 5081: 5056: 5021: 4972: 4946: 4923: 4919:. CBC Sports. 19 December 2000. 4909: 4891: 4864: 4850: 4834: 4819: 4778: 4752: 4730: 4691: 4664: 4645: 4631: 4618: 4605: 4579: 4553: 4540: 4527: 4514: 4501: 4488: 4475: 4462: 4445: 4415: 4402: 4389: 4376: 4350: 4324: 4305: 4275: 4256: 4226: 4196: 4178: 4164: 4133: 4106: 4084: 4055: 4033: 4010: 3984: 3940: 3915: 3900: 3886: 3864: 3838: 3829: 3820: 3799: 3777: 3691: 3650: 3603: 3590: 3564: 3524: 3499: 3472: 3446: 3435: 3424: 3413: 3013:List of current boxing rankings 2955:International Boxing Federation 2918:British Boxing Board of Control 2804:Roberto "Manos de Piedra" Durán 2684:needs additional citations for 1060:Automated Boxing Scoring System 1029:Professional vs. amateur boxing 733:Sir Thomas Parkyns, 2nd Baronet 54:needs additional citations for 6811:Muhammad Ali Boxing Reform Act 6060:The Gloves: A Boxing Chronicle 5804:"Boxers bounce back in Sweden" 5765:"Medical Issues and the AAPRP" 4332:"The Science of Boxing Styles" 4263:Belson, Ken (15 August 2016). 3785:"tumblr_lx13m7QVfb1qa5yan.jpg" 3538:. HarperCollins. p. 131. 3323: 3312: 3233: 3205: 3155: 2542: 1145:outside the ring; painting by 946:, Finland, on 27 November 2010 750:, were introduced by champion 725:Lieutenant Governor of Jamaica 13: 1: 8751:Light flyweight (108 lb) 8741:Super flyweight (115 lb) 6851:HBO World Championship Boxing 6485:Marquess of Queensberry Rules 6318:Coaching Olympic Style Boxing 6142:. Stewart, Tabori and Chang. 6114:Weight classification, "2009" 6079:A Pictorial History of Boxing 5911:10.1080/17461391.2021.1872711 5628:American Academy of Neurology 4611:Dempsey, Jack, 'Footwork' in 3922:Rodriguez, Robert G. (2009). 3911:. 29 January 1790. p. 3. 3571:Amruta, Patil (5 July 2022). 3226: 2422:eight-division world champion 1218:Notable out-fighters include 968:Marquess of Queensberry Rules 961:Marquess of Queensberry Rules 804:Marquess of Queensberry rules 664:Early London prize ring rules 533:. The earliest references to 520: 506: 350:Marquess of Queensberry Rules 8756:Mini flyweight (105 lb) 6826:Women Boxing Archive Network 6301:Learn to Box with the Iceman 6255:, access date 26 June 2018). 6025:Iole, Kevin (28 June 2013). 5630:. 2 May 2007. Archived from 5579:Bissell, Tim (3 July 2019). 5393:10.1097/NEN.0b013e3181a9d503 4985:Journal of Athletic Training 4698:Goldman, Herbert G. (2012). 3002:(IBA; now also professional) 2880:List of boxing organisations 2618:American Medical Association 1892: 1837: 1644:Notable in-fighters include 855:banned. The introduction of 7: 8726:Featherweight (126 lb) 8681:Cruiserweight (200 lb) 5553:EMagraken (11 April 2017). 5532:. IOS Press, Incorporated. 4847:, Accessed 25 November 2007 4842:"Death Under the Spotlight" 4624:Dempsey, Jack, 'Stance' in 3610:Crowther, Nigel B. (1990). 3074: 2755:in 2013 and was founded by 2627:British Medical Association 2515:, as well as MMA champions 1899:Boxing styles and technique 1844:damage to bones in the hand 1280:Sergio "Maravilla" Martínez 702:, sometimes referred to as 305:, and other combat sports. 10: 9388: 8736:Bantamweight (118 lb) 8706:Welterweight (147 lb) 8696:Middleweight (160 lb) 8671:Heavyweight (200+ lb) 6416: 6092:Baker, Mark Allen (2010). 5802:Fish, Jim (26 June 2007). 4785:Carter, Neil (June 2006). 4760:"Boxing: The health risks" 3485:. Kodansha International. 3246:. MMA Channel. 5 June 2021 3010: 2877: 2580: 2199: 1984: 1896: 1161:, when the death of boxer 1127: 1081: 1072:professional organizations 958: 735:, a wrestling patron from 397: 388: 29: 9324: 9274: 8982: 8897: 8854: 8769: 8716:Lightweight (135 lb) 8659: 8581: 8502: 8491: 8468: 8400: 8337: 8292: 8222: 8177: 8107: 8028: 8024: 8013: 7959: 7891: 7829: 7734: 7676: 7634: 7506: 7391: 7343: 7286: 7169: 7089: 7085: 7074: 7041: 6938: 6859: 6733: 6663: 6585: 6502: 6491: 6467: 6424: 6208:McIlvanney, Hugh (2001). 6160:Halbert, Christy (2003). 5241:10.1186/s13195-014-0068-z 5107:10.1038/labinvest.2015.54 5042:10.1016/j.pmr.2008.10.004 4917:"CMA wants to ban boxing" 4828:The Philadelphia Inquirer 4679:. Northwest Fighting Arts 4313:Owingsmillsboxingclub.com 3239:Boxing is a martial art: 2961:World Boxing Organization 2655:fall of Communism in 1991 2082:is known as an excellent 1903: 777:The British sportswriter 708:London Protestant Mercury 206: 186: 172: 164: 148: 8761:Atomweight (102 lb) 8472:Current world champions 6434:Semi-professional boxing 6276:Silverman, Jeff (2004). 6164:. Impact Seminars, Inc. 6108:History of London Boxing 5770:10 February 2008 at the 5341:10.3389/fnhum.2019.00294 5148:10.1038/nrneurol.2017.32 5135:Nature Reviews Neurology 5094:Laboratory Investigation 3848:. Yahoo!. Archived from 3814:18 February 2008 at the 3666:Journal of Sport History 3657:Guttmann, Allen (1981). 3148: 2943:World Boxing Association 2937:Major sanctioning bodies 2728:relief and self-esteem. 2665:Possible health benefits 2456:. Middleweight champion 2414:the Rumble in the Jungle 2330:was an early Mike Tyson. 2170:cleanly and forcefully. 1981:exposure to body shots. 1165:eventually prompted the 954: 168:Western boxing, pugilism 8867:Undisputed championship 8772:multiple weight classes 8746:Flyweight (112 lb) 8143:Former official sports 7571:Northern Praying Mantis 7146:Mainland Southeast Asia 6879:Commons:Category:Boxing 6796:List of boxing families 6480:London Prize Ring Rules 6379:Encyclopædia Britannica 6358:Encyclopædia Britannica 6291:Snowdon, David (2013). 6223:Myler, Patrick (1997). 6175:Hatmaker, Mark (2004). 6118:Encyclopædia Britannica 5841:www.mskhealthcare.co.uk 5819:British Medical Journal 4903:8 February 2011 at the 4283:"Andrew Eisele (2005). 3951:Inventing Entertainment 3198:Encyclopædia Britannica 3179:Encyclopædia Britannica 3097:Boxing (disambiguation) 2639:National Safety Council 1536:, Prince Naseem Hamed, 899:"Gentleman Jim" Corbett 828:Marquess of Queensberry 791:London Prize Ring Rules 459:. However, in terms of 416:youths boxing, from an 308:Humans have engaged in 210:688 BC (ancient Greece) 32:Boxing (disambiguation) 8675:records and statistics 7982:Professional wrestling 7649:Daitō-ryū Aiki-jūjutsu 6138:Fox, James A. (2001). 5612:(2602): 4. 8 May 2007. 5279:Journal of Neurotrauma 4704:. NC, USA: McFarland. 4591:Orthodontics Australia 4565:Orthodontics Australia 3991:Holland, Gary (2008). 3133:Weight class in boxing 2908: 2812:Gabriel "Flash" Elorde 2744: 2556: 2152: 2091: 1741: 1712:Combinations of styles 1612: 1497: 1260:Ricardo "Finito" López 1211: 1149: 1100: 1051: 1049:Women's Amateur Boxing 1041: 1009: 947: 881: 851: 770: 737:Bunny, Nottinghamshire 677: 645: 603:Indian cultural sphere 587:Indian classical music 433: 425: 9372:Summer Olympic sports 9362:European martial arts 9336:Winter Olympic sports 9264:Greco-Roman wrestling 8976:Summer Olympic sports 8078:Demonstration sports 6179:. Tracks Publishing. 6062:. North Point Press. 5825:– via ProQuest. 5291:10.1089/neu.2014.3415 4455:and Alexander Skutt, 4174:. BBC. 18 April 2013. 3947:Leonard–Cushing fight 3112:List of female boxers 2924:European Boxing Union 2887: 2739: 2550: 2404:Unorthodox strategies 2135: 2078: 1880:music boxing machines 1732: 1607: 1492: 1372:Marco Antonio Barrera 1206:Heavyweight champion 1205: 1137: 1091: 1047: 1036: 1000: 930: 876:Amateur Boxing Club, 875: 845: 761: 671: 640: 541:classical Vedic epics 463:, due to the lack of 447:, as an act of human 431: 411: 9275:Discretionary sports 8929:Boxing organisations 8889:Undefeated champions 8884:Interim championship 8338:Martial arts at the 8293:Martial arts at the 8223:Martial arts at the 8178:Martial arts at the 8158:Invitational sports 8108:Martial arts at the 8029:Martial arts at the 7951:Pencak Silat Harimau 7789:Pencak Silat Harimau 7721:Submission wrestling 7426:Luta Livre esportiva 6831:List of boxing films 6806:Dementia pugilistica 6741:Ancient Greek boxing 6640:Short straight-punch 6320:. Cooper Pub Group. 5190:10.1093/brain/awx350 4766:on 18 September 2002 4641:. 15 September 2017. 4318:19 June 2006 at the 4285:Olympic Boxing Rules 4238:boxingnewsonline.net 3455:"The Neutral Corner" 3102:List of boxing films 2949:World Boxing Council 2732:Boxing Halls of Fame 2693:improve this article 2653:from 1965 until the 2631:10-point must system 2595:may cause permanent 2583:Dementia pugilistica 1772:improve this section 1590:James "Clubber" Lang 1572:, Vitali Klitschko, 1532:, John L. Sullivan, 1463:Floyd Mayweather Jr. 1288:Guillermo Rigondeaux 1264:Floyd Mayweather Jr. 1167:World Boxing Council 884:The English case of 695:or 'fist fighting'. 400:Ancient Greek boxing 229:. Taking place in a 63:improve this article 30:For other uses, see 9259:Freestyle wrestling 9155:Rhythmic gymnastics 9150:Artistic gymnastics 8862:Lineal championship 8803:Quintuple champions 8791:Quadruple champions 8019:International games 7701:Full contact karate 7691:Professional boxing 7406:Brazilian jiu-jitsu 6816:Bare-knuckle boxing 6527:Lineal championship 6454:White-collar boxing 6429:Professional boxing 6280:. The Lyons Press. 5745:on 11 February 2010 5068:headcasecompany.com 4548:The Boxing Register 4535:The Boxing Register 4522:The Boxing Register 4509:The Boxing Register 4496:The Boxing Register 4483:The Boxing Register 4470:The Boxing Register 4457:The Boxing Register 4433:on 30 November 2020 4410:The Boxing Register 4397:The Boxing Register 4384:The Boxing Register 4244:on 22 December 2017 4071:The Washington Post 4021:. Cyber Boxing Zone 3806:John Rennie (2006) 3672:(2). Archived from 3453:Australia, Boxing. 3394:Michael Poliakoff. 3128:Undisputed champion 3117:List of male boxers 3089:Martial arts portal 2768:Canastota, New York 2382:or a rough form of 1455:Juan Manuel Márquez 1192:rock paper scissors 1186:Definition of style 1130:Professional boxing 1124:Professional boxing 934:(on the right) vs. 700:bare-knuckle boxing 553:1500–1000 BCE) and 332:, and northward to 310:hand-to-hand combat 275:bare-knuckle boxing 145: 8827:Septuple champions 8815:Sextuple champions 8582:Other world titles 8503:Major world titles 8181:Pan American Games 7858:Hokutoryu Ju-Jutsu 7769:Jieitaikakutōjutsu 7706:Mixed martial arts 6239:Oates, Joyce Carol 5791:. 15 January 2015. 4840:Svinth, Joseph R. 4807:on 4 November 2021 4593:. 21 February 2020 4550:, 1999, p.339, 340 4338:on 12 January 2012 4293:on 6 February 2012 4269:The New York Times 4115:The Sewanee Review 4094:. 31 December 2016 3874:. Groups.yahoo.com 3852:on 24 October 2014 3703:www.cismeurope.org 3508:Samayapalana Parva 3069:Fightstat (rating) 3031:6 May 2019 at the 2909: 2906:Wladimir Klitschko 2784:Sugar Ray Robinson 2745: 2557: 2491:Overhand (overcut) 2153: 2092: 1742: 1668:, Manny Pacquiao, 1613: 1600:Swarmer/in-fighter 1558:Ruslan Provodnikov 1518:Julio César Chávez 1498: 1348:Sugar Ray Robinson 1322:, Wilfredo Gómez, 1284:Wladimir Klitschko 1212: 1150: 1105:Commonwealth Games 1101: 1052: 1042: 1010: 948: 882: 852: 771: 678: 646: 563:700–400 BCE). The 461:sports competition 434: 426: 379:judges' scorecards 364:Commonwealth Games 190:The sport itself: 143: 9367:Individual sports 9344: 9343: 9332:Paralympic sports 9177:Modern pentathlon 9005:Marathon Swimming 8937: 8936: 8901:Current rankings 8839:Octuple champions 8655: 8654: 8428: 8427: 8396: 8395: 8392: 8391: 8009: 8008: 8005: 8004: 7972:Martial arts film 7001: 7000: 6897: 6896: 6841:Chivarreto boxing 6771:Championship belt 6557:Corner retirement 6127:. Citadel Press. 6102:978-1-59629-769-2 5559:Combat Sports Law 5539:978-1-64368-064-4 5285:(23): 1907–1913. 4711:978-0-7864-6054-0 4671:Patterson, Jeff. 4208:The Sweet Science 3755:978-1-59013-121-3 3679:on 22 August 2017 3545:978-0-00-255717-7 3492:978-0-87011-436-6 3459:www.boxing.org.au 2753:Las Vegas, Nevada 2725: 2724: 2717: 2521:Fedor Emelianenko 2269:(with the gloves) 2147:on Rafael Ortiz ( 2137:Ricardo Dominguez 1967:isometric preload 1808: 1807: 1800: 1411:Evander Holyfield 1272:Sugar Ray Leonard 1198:Boxer/out-fighter 1002:Ingemar Johansson 938:(on the left) at 843: 721:Duke of Albemarle 717:Christopher Monck 469:prehistoric times 235:protective gloves 216: 215: 187:Country of origin 139: 138: 131: 113: 16:(Redirected from 9379: 9242:Beach volleyball 8983:Mandatory sports 8974: 8964: 8957: 8950: 8941: 8940: 8922:current rankings 8779:Triple champions 8500: 8499: 8495:sanctioning body 8455: 8448: 8441: 8432: 8431: 8418: 8417: 8408: 8026: 8025: 8015: 8014: 7087: 7086: 7076: 7075: 7028: 7021: 7014: 7005: 7004: 6924: 6917: 6910: 6901: 6900: 6889:Wikiquote:Boxing 6887: 6886: 6877: 6876: 6867: 6866: 6846:Boxeo de Primera 6497: 6411: 6404: 6397: 6388: 6387: 6383: 6375: 6345: 6344: 6342:Official website 6295:(Peter Lang Ltd) 6042: 6041: 6039: 6037: 6031:Sports.yahoo.com 6022: 6016: 6015: 6013: 6011: 6001:"Inductee Index" 5997: 5991: 5990: 5988: 5986: 5979:Boxingnews24.com 5971: 5965: 5964: 5962: 5960: 5946: 5940: 5939: 5913: 5889: 5883: 5882: 5880: 5878: 5863: 5857: 5856: 5854: 5852: 5833: 5827: 5826: 5814: 5808: 5807: 5799: 5793: 5792: 5781: 5775: 5763:Hauser, Thomas. 5761: 5755: 5754: 5752: 5750: 5735: 5729: 5728: 5718: 5686: 5680: 5679: 5642: 5636: 5635: 5634:on 27 June 2007. 5620: 5614: 5613: 5602: 5596: 5595: 5593: 5591: 5576: 5570: 5569: 5567: 5565: 5550: 5544: 5543: 5523: 5517: 5516: 5491:(6): 1154–1172. 5479: 5473: 5472: 5462: 5430: 5424: 5423: 5413: 5395: 5370: 5364: 5363: 5353: 5343: 5319: 5313: 5312: 5302: 5270: 5264: 5263: 5253: 5243: 5219: 5213: 5212: 5202: 5192: 5167: 5161: 5160: 5150: 5126: 5120: 5119: 5109: 5085: 5079: 5078: 5076: 5074: 5060: 5054: 5053: 5025: 5019: 5018: 5008: 4976: 4970: 4969: 4967: 4965: 4950: 4944: 4943: 4941: 4939: 4927: 4921: 4920: 4913: 4907: 4895: 4889: 4888: 4868: 4862: 4854: 4848: 4838: 4832: 4831: 4823: 4817: 4816: 4814: 4812: 4803:. Archived from 4802: 4782: 4776: 4775: 4773: 4771: 4762:. Archived from 4756: 4750: 4749: 4747: 4745: 4734: 4728: 4727: 4725: 4723: 4714:. Archived from 4695: 4689: 4688: 4686: 4684: 4668: 4662: 4661: 4649: 4643: 4642: 4635: 4629: 4622: 4616: 4609: 4603: 4602: 4600: 4598: 4583: 4577: 4576: 4574: 4572: 4557: 4551: 4544: 4538: 4537:, 1999, p.98, 99 4531: 4525: 4518: 4512: 4505: 4499: 4492: 4486: 4479: 4473: 4466: 4460: 4449: 4443: 4442: 4440: 4438: 4429:. Archived from 4419: 4413: 4406: 4400: 4393: 4387: 4380: 4374: 4373: 4371: 4369: 4364:on 11 March 2015 4360:. Archived from 4354: 4348: 4347: 4345: 4343: 4328: 4322: 4309: 4303: 4302: 4300: 4298: 4279: 4273: 4272: 4260: 4254: 4253: 4251: 4249: 4240:. Archived from 4230: 4224: 4223: 4221: 4219: 4210:. Archived from 4200: 4194: 4193: 4182: 4176: 4175: 4168: 4162: 4161: 4159: 4157: 4152:on 23 April 2016 4148:. Archived from 4137: 4131: 4130: 4110: 4104: 4103: 4101: 4099: 4088: 4082: 4081: 4079: 4077: 4063:Socolow, Michael 4059: 4053: 4052: 4050: 4048: 4037: 4031: 4030: 4028: 4026: 4014: 4008: 4007: 4005: 4003: 3988: 3982: 3981: 3979: 3977: 3963: 3954: 3944: 3938: 3937: 3919: 3913: 3912: 3909:Stamford Mercury 3904: 3898: 3897: 3890: 3884: 3883: 3881: 3879: 3868: 3862: 3861: 3859: 3857: 3842: 3836: 3833: 3827: 3824: 3818: 3803: 3797: 3796: 3794: 3792: 3781: 3775: 3774: 3772: 3770: 3739: 3737: 3735: 3720: 3714: 3713: 3711: 3709: 3695: 3689: 3688: 3686: 3684: 3678: 3663: 3654: 3648: 3647: 3607: 3601: 3594: 3588: 3587: 3585: 3583: 3568: 3562: 3559: 3553: 3552: 3536:India: A History 3528: 3522: 3503: 3497: 3496: 3476: 3470: 3469: 3467: 3465: 3450: 3444: 3439: 3433: 3428: 3422: 3417: 3411: 3410: 3408: 3406: 3391: 3374: 3369: 3360: 3355: 3346: 3341: 3332: 3327: 3321: 3316: 3310: 3307: 3305: 3303: 3287: 3285: 3283: 3271: 3269: 3267: 3255: 3253: 3251: 3237: 3220: 3209: 3203: 3202: 3194: 3192:"Pugilism" 3183: 3175: 3159: 3091: 3086: 3085: 3084: 2912:Governing bodies 2816:Vicente Saldivar 2796:Salvador Sanchez 2720: 2713: 2709: 2706: 2700: 2677: 2669: 2486: 2470: 2311: 2295: 2279: 2262: 2245: 2229: 2213: 2063: 2047: 2030: 2014: 1950: 1936: 1922: 1803: 1796: 1792: 1789: 1783: 1752: 1744: 1674:Wayne McCullough 1664:, Danny García, 1658:Gennady Golovkin 1656:, Miguel Cotto, 1580:, and Ireland's 1562:Michael Katsidis 1471:Pernell Whitaker 1467:Roger Mayweather 1407:Vitali Klitschko 1399:Counter punchers 1388:Gennady Golovkin 1324:Oscar De La Hoya 1312:Vasyl Lomachenko 1236:Salvador Sánchez 903:John L. Sullivan 844: 806:were drafted by 617:in Cambodia and 591:Sanskrit grammar 562: 552: 525: 522: 511: 508: 303:military systems 202:: United Kingdom 153: 146: 142: 134: 127: 123: 120: 114: 112: 71: 47: 39: 21: 9387: 9386: 9382: 9381: 9380: 9378: 9377: 9376: 9347: 9346: 9345: 9340: 9320: 9270: 9086:Mountain biking 8978: 8968: 8938: 8933: 8917:Pound for pound 8893: 8850: 8771: 8765: 8661: 8651: 8577: 8493: 8487: 8464: 8459: 8429: 8424: 8388: 8339: 8333: 8294: 8288: 8224: 8218: 8179: 8173: 8109: 8103: 8032:Summer Olympics 8030: 8020: 8001: 7955: 7887: 7825: 7739: 7730: 7681: 7672: 7630: 7626:Yoshukai Karate 7586:Shaolin kung fu 7502: 7387: 7363:Practice weapon 7339: 7282: 7172: 7165: 7091:Regional origin 7081: 7070: 7037: 7032: 7002: 6997: 6934: 6928: 6898: 6893: 6869:Category:Boxing 6855: 6761:Boxing training 6751:Boxing rankings 6729: 6725:Southpaw stance 6720:Orthodox stance 6666: 6659: 6581: 6522:Pound for pound 6498: 6489: 6475:Broughton Rules 6463: 6420: 6415: 6370: 6340: 6339: 6336: 6331: 6265:. Ivan R. Dee. 6259:Schulberg, Budd 6212:. McGraw-Hill. 6193:Illinois Alumni 6051: 6046: 6045: 6035: 6033: 6023: 6019: 6009: 6007: 5999: 5998: 5994: 5984: 5982: 5973: 5972: 5968: 5958: 5956: 5948: 5947: 5943: 5890: 5886: 5876: 5874: 5873:. 23 March 2013 5865: 5864: 5860: 5850: 5848: 5847:on 6 March 2023 5835: 5834: 5830: 5815: 5811: 5800: 5796: 5785:"Bouncing back" 5783: 5782: 5778: 5772:Wayback Machine 5762: 5758: 5748: 5746: 5737: 5736: 5732: 5695:Sports Medicine 5687: 5683: 5643: 5639: 5622: 5621: 5617: 5604: 5603: 5599: 5589: 5587: 5577: 5573: 5563: 5561: 5551: 5547: 5540: 5524: 5520: 5480: 5476: 5431: 5427: 5371: 5367: 5320: 5316: 5271: 5267: 5220: 5216: 5168: 5164: 5127: 5123: 5086: 5082: 5072: 5070: 5062: 5061: 5057: 5026: 5022: 4977: 4973: 4963: 4961: 4952: 4951: 4947: 4937: 4935: 4928: 4924: 4915: 4914: 4910: 4905:Wayback Machine 4896: 4892: 4869: 4865: 4855: 4851: 4839: 4835: 4825: 4824: 4820: 4810: 4808: 4783: 4779: 4769: 4767: 4758: 4757: 4753: 4743: 4741: 4736: 4735: 4731: 4721: 4719: 4712: 4696: 4692: 4682: 4680: 4669: 4665: 4650: 4646: 4637: 4636: 4632: 4623: 4619: 4610: 4606: 4596: 4594: 4585: 4584: 4580: 4570: 4568: 4559: 4558: 4554: 4545: 4541: 4532: 4528: 4519: 4515: 4506: 4502: 4493: 4489: 4480: 4476: 4467: 4463: 4451:James Roberts, 4450: 4446: 4436: 4434: 4421: 4420: 4416: 4407: 4403: 4394: 4390: 4381: 4377: 4367: 4365: 4356: 4355: 4351: 4341: 4339: 4330: 4329: 4325: 4320:Wayback Machine 4310: 4306: 4296: 4294: 4281: 4280: 4276: 4261: 4257: 4247: 4245: 4232: 4231: 4227: 4217: 4215: 4214:on 15 June 2018 4202: 4201: 4197: 4184: 4183: 4179: 4170: 4169: 4165: 4155: 4153: 4138: 4134: 4111: 4107: 4097: 4095: 4090: 4089: 4085: 4075: 4073: 4060: 4056: 4046: 4044: 4040:Orbach, Barak. 4038: 4034: 4024: 4022: 4017:Callis, Tracy. 4015: 4011: 4001: 3999: 3989: 3985: 3975: 3973: 3965: 3964: 3957: 3945: 3941: 3934: 3920: 3916: 3906: 3905: 3901: 3892: 3891: 3887: 3877: 3875: 3872:"Yahoo! Groups" 3870: 3869: 3865: 3855: 3853: 3844: 3843: 3839: 3834: 3830: 3825: 3821: 3816:Wayback Machine 3804: 3800: 3790: 3788: 3783: 3782: 3778: 3768: 3766: 3756: 3733: 3731: 3722: 3721: 3717: 3707: 3705: 3697: 3696: 3692: 3682: 3680: 3676: 3661: 3655: 3651: 3608: 3604: 3595: 3591: 3581: 3579: 3569: 3565: 3560: 3556: 3546: 3529: 3525: 3504: 3500: 3493: 3477: 3473: 3463: 3461: 3451: 3447: 3440: 3436: 3429: 3425: 3418: 3414: 3404: 3402: 3392: 3377: 3370: 3363: 3356: 3349: 3342: 3335: 3328: 3324: 3317: 3313: 3301: 3299: 3290: 3281: 3279: 3274: 3265: 3263: 3258: 3249: 3247: 3242: 3238: 3234: 3229: 3224: 3223: 3210: 3206: 3189: 3170: 3160: 3156: 3151: 3087: 3082: 3080: 3077: 3033:Wayback Machine 3015: 3009: 3007:Boxing rankings 2882: 2876: 2844:Wilfred Benitez 2824:Eusebio Pedroza 2780:Henry Armstrong 2734: 2721: 2710: 2704: 2701: 2690: 2678: 2667: 2616:Journal of the 2589: 2579: 2577:Health concerns 2545: 2513:Tim Witherspoon 2494: 2487: 2478: 2471: 2458:Ceferino Garcia 2454:Chris Eubank Jr 2406: 2317: 2312: 2303: 2296: 2287: 2280: 2271: 2263: 2254: 2252:(with the arms) 2246: 2237: 2230: 2221: 2214: 2202: 2071: 2064: 2055: 2048: 2039: 2031: 2022: 2015: 1987: 1975:southpaw stance 1956: 1951: 1942: 1937: 1928: 1923: 1906: 1901: 1895: 1840: 1828:Meldrick Taylor 1804: 1793: 1787: 1784: 1769: 1753: 1727: 1714: 1646:Henry Armstrong 1609:Henry Armstrong 1602: 1493:Famous brawler 1487: 1485:Brawler/slugger 1431:Bernard Hopkins 1396: 1394:Counter puncher 1360:Alexis Argüello 1344:Henry Armstrong 1300: 1256:Meldrick Taylor 1240:Cecilia Brækhus 1200: 1188: 1183: 1132: 1126: 1086: 1080: 1031: 1006:Floyd Patterson 963: 957: 932:Robert Helenius 925: 901:, who defeated 866: 833: 800: 748:Broughton Rules 666: 579:Western Satraps 560: 550: 523: 509: 503:Egyptian Thebes 406: 396: 394:Ancient history 391: 211: 198: 192:Ancient history 160: 135: 124: 118: 115: 72: 70: 60: 48: 35: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 9385: 9375: 9374: 9369: 9364: 9359: 9342: 9341: 9339: 9338: 9325: 9322: 9321: 9319: 9318: 9313: 9308: 9303: 9298: 9293: 9284: 9278: 9276: 9272: 9271: 9269: 9268: 9267: 9266: 9261: 9251: 9246: 9245: 9244: 9234: 9229: 9224: 9219: 9214: 9209: 9207:Sport climbing 9204: 9199: 9194: 9189: 9184: 9179: 9174: 9169: 9164: 9163: 9162: 9157: 9152: 9142: 9137: 9132: 9127: 9122: 9121: 9120: 9115: 9110: 9100: 9099: 9098: 9093: 9088: 9083: 9078: 9068: 9067: 9066: 9061: 9051: 9046: 9045: 9044: 9034: 9029: 9024: 9019: 9018: 9017: 9012: 9007: 9002: 8997: 8986: 8984: 8980: 8979: 8967: 8966: 8959: 8952: 8944: 8935: 8934: 8932: 8931: 8926: 8925: 8924: 8914: 8913: 8912: 8907: 8898: 8895: 8894: 8892: 8891: 8886: 8881: 8880: 8879: 8874: 8864: 8858: 8856: 8852: 8851: 8849: 8848: 8847: 8846: 8836: 8835: 8834: 8824: 8823: 8822: 8812: 8811: 8810: 8800: 8799: 8798: 8788: 8787: 8786: 8775: 8773: 8767: 8766: 8764: 8763: 8758: 8753: 8748: 8743: 8738: 8733: 8728: 8723: 8718: 8713: 8708: 8703: 8698: 8693: 8688: 8683: 8678: 8667: 8665: 8657: 8656: 8653: 8652: 8650: 8649: 8644: 8639: 8634: 8633: 8632: 8622: 8621: 8620: 8615: 8605: 8604: 8603: 8598: 8585: 8583: 8579: 8578: 8576: 8575: 8574: 8573: 8568: 8558: 8557: 8556: 8551: 8541: 8540: 8539: 8534: 8524: 8523: 8522: 8517: 8506: 8504: 8497: 8489: 8488: 8486: 8485: 8484: 8483: 8478: 8469: 8466: 8465: 8458: 8457: 8450: 8443: 8435: 8426: 8425: 8423: 8422: 8412: 8401: 8398: 8397: 8394: 8393: 8390: 8389: 8387: 8386: 8381: 8376: 8371: 8366: 8361: 8356: 8351: 8345: 8343: 8341:European Games 8335: 8334: 8332: 8331: 8326: 8321: 8316: 8311: 8306: 8300: 8298: 8290: 8289: 8287: 8286: 8285: 8284: 8279: 8274: 8266: 8261: 8256: 8251: 8246: 8241: 8236: 8230: 8228: 8220: 8219: 8217: 8216: 8211: 8206: 8201: 8196: 8191: 8185: 8183: 8175: 8174: 8172: 8171: 8170: 8169: 8164: 8156: 8155: 8154: 8149: 8141: 8136: 8131: 8126: 8121: 8115: 8113: 8105: 8104: 8102: 8101: 8100: 8099: 8094: 8089: 8087:Pistol dueling 8084: 8076: 8062: 8057: 8052: 8047: 8042: 8036: 8034: 8022: 8021: 8011: 8010: 8007: 8006: 8003: 8002: 8000: 7999: 7994: 7989: 7984: 7979: 7969: 7963: 7961: 7957: 7956: 7954: 7953: 7948: 7943: 7938: 7933: 7928: 7923: 7918: 7916:Huiyen Lallong 7913: 7908: 7903: 7897: 7895: 7889: 7888: 7886: 7885: 7880: 7875: 7873:Shorinji Kempo 7870: 7865: 7860: 7855: 7850: 7845: 7843:American Kenpo 7839: 7837: 7827: 7826: 7824: 7823: 7818: 7813: 7808: 7803: 7798: 7793: 7792: 7791: 7781: 7776: 7771: 7766: 7761: 7756: 7751: 7745: 7743: 7732: 7731: 7729: 7728: 7723: 7718: 7713: 7708: 7703: 7698: 7693: 7687: 7685: 7674: 7673: 7671: 7670: 7663: 7658: 7651: 7646: 7640: 7638: 7632: 7631: 7629: 7628: 7623: 7618: 7613: 7608: 7603: 7598: 7593: 7588: 7583: 7578: 7576:Russian boxing 7573: 7568: 7563: 7558: 7553: 7548: 7543: 7538: 7533: 7528: 7523: 7518: 7512: 7510: 7504: 7503: 7501: 7500: 7499: 7498: 7493: 7488: 7483: 7478: 7473: 7468: 7463: 7453: 7448: 7443: 7438: 7433: 7428: 7423: 7418: 7408: 7403: 7397: 7395: 7389: 7388: 7386: 7385: 7380: 7375: 7370: 7365: 7360: 7355: 7349: 7347: 7341: 7340: 7338: 7337: 7336: 7335: 7330: 7323:Ranged weapons 7320: 7319: 7318: 7313: 7311:Stick-fighting 7308: 7306:Knife fighting 7298: 7292: 7290: 7284: 7283: 7281: 7280: 7275: 7274: 7273: 7268: 7263: 7258: 7253: 7243: 7242: 7241: 7236: 7231: 7226: 7221: 7213: 7212: 7211: 7206: 7201: 7196: 7191: 7186: 7177: 7175: 7167: 7166: 7164: 7163: 7158: 7153: 7148: 7143: 7138: 7137: 7136: 7126: 7121: 7116: 7111: 7106: 7101: 7095: 7093: 7083: 7082: 7080:Classification 7072: 7071: 7069: 7068: 7063: 7058: 7053: 7048: 7046:List of styles 7042: 7039: 7038: 7031: 7030: 7023: 7016: 7008: 6999: 6998: 6996: 6995: 6990: 6985: 6980: 6975: 6970: 6965: 6960: 6955: 6950: 6945: 6939: 6936: 6935: 6927: 6926: 6919: 6912: 6904: 6895: 6894: 6892: 6891: 6881: 6871: 6860: 6857: 6856: 6854: 6853: 6848: 6843: 6838: 6833: 6828: 6823: 6818: 6813: 6808: 6803: 6798: 6793: 6788: 6783: 6778: 6773: 6768: 6763: 6758: 6753: 6748: 6743: 6737: 6735: 6731: 6730: 6728: 6727: 6722: 6717: 6712: 6707: 6702: 6697: 6692: 6687: 6682: 6677: 6671: 6669: 6661: 6660: 6658: 6657: 6655:Below the belt 6652: 6647: 6642: 6637: 6632: 6622: 6617: 6612: 6602: 6597: 6591: 6589: 6583: 6582: 6580: 6579: 6577:Punching power 6574: 6569: 6564: 6559: 6554: 6549: 6544: 6539: 6534: 6529: 6524: 6519: 6514: 6508: 6506: 6500: 6499: 6492: 6490: 6488: 6487: 6482: 6477: 6471: 6469: 6465: 6464: 6462: 6461: 6456: 6451: 6449:Women's boxing 6446: 6444:Amateur boxing 6441: 6439:Olympic boxing 6436: 6431: 6425: 6422: 6421: 6414: 6413: 6406: 6399: 6391: 6385: 6384: 6373:"Boxing" 6368: 6362: 6350: 6335: 6334:External links 6332: 6330: 6329: 6314: 6307:Ronald J. Ross 6304: 6299:Scully, John. 6296: 6289: 6274: 6256: 6248:Price, Edmund 6246: 6236: 6221: 6206: 6201: 6188: 6173: 6158: 6157:. 1995;15:181. 6151: 6136: 6121: 6111: 6105: 6090: 6073:Sam Andre and 6071: 6052: 6050: 6047: 6044: 6043: 6017: 5992: 5981:. 28 June 2013 5966: 5941: 5904:(3): 447–459. 5884: 5858: 5828: 5809: 5794: 5776: 5756: 5730: 5701:(6): 467–476. 5681: 5654:(6): 573–588. 5637: 5615: 5597: 5571: 5545: 5538: 5518: 5474: 5425: 5386:(7): 709–735. 5365: 5314: 5265: 5214: 5183:(2): 422–458. 5162: 5121: 5100:(6): 576–584. 5080: 5055: 5036:(1): 227–239. 5020: 4991:(4): 470–472. 4971: 4945: 4922: 4908: 4890: 4863: 4859:Ronald J. Ross 4849: 4833: 4818: 4791:Dora.dmu.ac.uk 4777: 4751: 4729: 4710: 4690: 4677:nwfighting.com 4663: 4644: 4630: 4617: 4604: 4578: 4552: 4539: 4526: 4513: 4511:, 1999, p.353, 4500: 4487: 4474: 4461: 4444: 4414: 4401: 4388: 4375: 4349: 4323: 4304: 4274: 4255: 4225: 4195: 4177: 4163: 4132: 4121:(3): 412–432. 4105: 4083: 4054: 4032: 4009: 3983: 3955: 3939: 3932: 3914: 3899: 3885: 3863: 3837: 3828: 3819: 3798: 3776: 3754: 3715: 3690: 3649: 3628:10.2307/294973 3622:(2): 176–181. 3602: 3589: 3563: 3554: 3544: 3523: 3506:Section XIII: 3498: 3491: 3471: 3445: 3434: 3423: 3412: 3400:Britannica.com 3375: 3361: 3347: 3333: 3322: 3311: 3309: 3308: 3298:. 4 April 2016 3288: 3272: 3256: 3231: 3230: 3228: 3225: 3222: 3221: 3213:western boxing 3211:Also known as 3204: 3184:& Vol. 22 3173:"Boxing" 3153: 3152: 3150: 3147: 3146: 3145: 3140: 3138:Women's boxing 3135: 3130: 3125: 3119: 3114: 3109: 3104: 3099: 3093: 3092: 3076: 3073: 3072: 3071: 3066: 3056: 3046: 3036: 3011:Main article: 3008: 3005: 3004: 3003: 2996: 2995: 2991: 2990: 2983: 2982: 2978: 2977: 2970: 2969: 2965: 2964: 2958: 2952: 2946: 2939: 2938: 2934: 2933: 2927: 2921: 2914: 2913: 2878:Main article: 2875: 2872: 2868:Ezzard Charles 2864:Tony Canzoneri 2852:Felix Trinidad 2848:Wilfredo Gomez 2836:Rocky Marciano 2733: 2730: 2723: 2722: 2681: 2679: 2672: 2666: 2663: 2608:Bennie Briscoe 2578: 2575: 2571:Diego Corrales 2553:Tina Rupprecht 2544: 2541: 2540: 2539: 2528: 2525:Deontay Wilder 2509:Rocky Marciano 2496: 2495: 2488: 2481: 2479: 2472: 2465: 2462: 2461: 2426: 2405: 2402: 2401: 2400: 2369: 2363: 2348: 2337: 2331: 2319: 2318: 2313: 2306: 2304: 2297: 2290: 2288: 2281: 2274: 2272: 2264: 2257: 2255: 2247: 2240: 2238: 2231: 2224: 2222: 2215: 2208: 2201: 2198: 2167: 2166: 2165: 2164: 2130: 2129: 2128: 2127: 2117: 2116: 2115: 2105: 2104: 2103: 2084:counterpuncher 2080:Canelo Álvarez 2073: 2072: 2065: 2058: 2056: 2049: 2042: 2040: 2032: 2025: 2023: 2016: 2009: 1986: 1983: 1958: 1957: 1952: 1945: 1943: 1938: 1931: 1929: 1926:Upright stance 1924: 1917: 1905: 1902: 1897:Main article: 1894: 1891: 1872:medicine balls 1839: 1836: 1806: 1805: 1756: 1754: 1747: 1726: 1725:Style matchups 1723: 1713: 1710: 1702:Street Fighter 1682:Gerry Penalosa 1678:James Braddock 1670:Rocky Marciano 1601: 1598: 1578:Manny Pacquiao 1570:Marcos Maidana 1566:James Kirkland 1514:Rocky Marciano 1510:George Foreman 1495:George Foreman 1486: 1483: 1443:Anselmo Moreno 1395: 1392: 1384:Julian Jackson 1336:Nonito Donaire 1308:Canelo Álvarez 1299: 1296: 1276:Miguel Vázquez 1248:Ezzard Charles 1232:Wilfredo Gómez 1199: 1196: 1187: 1184: 1182: 1179: 1147:George Bellows 1128:Main article: 1125: 1122: 1117:below the belt 1084:Amateur boxing 1082:Main article: 1079: 1078:Amateur boxing 1076: 1030: 1027: 1008:, 26 June 1959 959:Main article: 956: 953: 940:Hartwall Arena 924: 921: 865: 862: 814:in London for 799: 796: 752:Jack Broughton 665: 662: 595:Gurbilas Shemi 510: 1350 BC 412:A painting of 395: 392: 390: 387: 356:Amateur boxing 342:Ancient Greece 328:, eastward to 214: 213: 208: 204: 203: 188: 184: 183: 174: 170: 169: 166: 162: 161: 154: 137: 136: 51: 49: 42: 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 9384: 9373: 9370: 9368: 9365: 9363: 9360: 9358: 9355: 9354: 9352: 9337: 9333: 9330: 9327: 9326: 9323: 9317: 9314: 9312: 9309: 9307: 9304: 9302: 9301:Flag football 9299: 9297: 9294: 9292: 9288: 9285: 9283: 9280: 9279: 9277: 9273: 9265: 9262: 9260: 9257: 9256: 9255: 9252: 9250: 9249:Weightlifting 9247: 9243: 9240: 9239: 9238: 9235: 9233: 9230: 9228: 9225: 9223: 9220: 9218: 9215: 9213: 9210: 9208: 9205: 9203: 9202:Skateboarding 9200: 9198: 9195: 9193: 9190: 9188: 9185: 9183: 9180: 9178: 9175: 9173: 9170: 9168: 9165: 9161: 9158: 9156: 9153: 9151: 9148: 9147: 9146: 9143: 9141: 9138: 9136: 9133: 9131: 9128: 9126: 9123: 9119: 9116: 9114: 9111: 9109: 9106: 9105: 9104: 9101: 9097: 9096:Track cycling 9094: 9092: 9089: 9087: 9084: 9082: 9081:Freestyle BMX 9079: 9077: 9074: 9073: 9072: 9069: 9065: 9062: 9060: 9057: 9056: 9055: 9052: 9050: 9047: 9043: 9040: 9039: 9038: 9035: 9033: 9030: 9028: 9025: 9023: 9020: 9016: 9013: 9011: 9008: 9006: 9003: 9001: 8998: 8996: 8993: 8992: 8991: 8988: 8987: 8985: 8981: 8977: 8973: 8965: 8960: 8958: 8953: 8951: 8946: 8945: 8942: 8930: 8927: 8923: 8920: 8919: 8918: 8915: 8911: 8908: 8906: 8903: 8902: 8900: 8899: 8896: 8890: 8887: 8885: 8882: 8878: 8875: 8873: 8870: 8869: 8868: 8865: 8863: 8860: 8859: 8857: 8855:Miscellaneous 8853: 8845: 8842: 8841: 8840: 8837: 8833: 8830: 8829: 8828: 8825: 8821: 8818: 8817: 8816: 8813: 8809: 8806: 8805: 8804: 8801: 8797: 8794: 8793: 8792: 8789: 8785: 8782: 8781: 8780: 8777: 8776: 8774: 8768: 8762: 8759: 8757: 8754: 8752: 8749: 8747: 8744: 8742: 8739: 8737: 8734: 8732: 8729: 8727: 8724: 8722: 8719: 8717: 8714: 8712: 8709: 8707: 8704: 8702: 8699: 8697: 8694: 8692: 8689: 8687: 8684: 8682: 8679: 8676: 8672: 8669: 8668: 8666: 8664: 8658: 8648: 8645: 8643: 8640: 8638: 8635: 8631: 8628: 8627: 8626: 8623: 8619: 8616: 8614: 8611: 8610: 8609: 8606: 8602: 8599: 8597: 8594: 8593: 8592: 8591: 8587: 8586: 8584: 8580: 8572: 8569: 8567: 8564: 8563: 8562: 8559: 8555: 8552: 8550: 8547: 8546: 8545: 8542: 8538: 8535: 8533: 8530: 8529: 8528: 8525: 8521: 8518: 8516: 8513: 8512: 8511: 8508: 8507: 8505: 8501: 8498: 8496: 8490: 8482: 8479: 8477: 8474: 8473: 8471: 8470: 8467: 8463: 8456: 8451: 8449: 8444: 8442: 8437: 8436: 8433: 8421: 8413: 8411: 8407: 8403: 8402: 8399: 8385: 8382: 8380: 8377: 8375: 8372: 8370: 8367: 8365: 8362: 8360: 8357: 8355: 8352: 8350: 8347: 8346: 8344: 8342: 8336: 8330: 8327: 8325: 8322: 8320: 8317: 8315: 8312: 8310: 8307: 8305: 8302: 8301: 8299: 8297: 8296:African Games 8291: 8283: 8280: 8278: 8275: 8273: 8270: 8269: 8267: 8265: 8262: 8260: 8257: 8255: 8252: 8250: 8247: 8245: 8242: 8240: 8237: 8235: 8232: 8231: 8229: 8227: 8221: 8215: 8212: 8210: 8207: 8205: 8202: 8200: 8197: 8195: 8192: 8190: 8187: 8186: 8184: 8182: 8176: 8168: 8165: 8163: 8160: 8159: 8157: 8153: 8150: 8148: 8145: 8144: 8142: 8140: 8137: 8135: 8132: 8130: 8127: 8125: 8122: 8120: 8117: 8116: 8114: 8112: 8106: 8098: 8095: 8093: 8090: 8088: 8085: 8083: 8080: 8079: 8077: 8074: 8070: 8066: 8063: 8061: 8058: 8056: 8053: 8051: 8048: 8046: 8043: 8041: 8038: 8037: 8035: 8033: 8027: 8023: 8016: 8012: 7998: 7995: 7993: 7990: 7988: 7985: 7983: 7980: 7977: 7973: 7970: 7968: 7967:Fighting game 7965: 7964: 7962: 7960:Entertainment 7958: 7952: 7949: 7947: 7944: 7942: 7939: 7937: 7934: 7932: 7931:Krabi–krabong 7929: 7927: 7926:Kalaripayattu 7924: 7922: 7919: 7917: 7914: 7912: 7909: 7907: 7904: 7902: 7899: 7898: 7896: 7894: 7890: 7884: 7881: 7879: 7876: 7874: 7871: 7869: 7866: 7864: 7861: 7859: 7856: 7854: 7851: 7849: 7846: 7844: 7841: 7840: 7838: 7836: 7832: 7828: 7822: 7819: 7817: 7814: 7812: 7809: 7807: 7804: 7802: 7799: 7797: 7794: 7790: 7787: 7786: 7785: 7782: 7780: 7777: 7775: 7772: 7770: 7767: 7765: 7762: 7760: 7757: 7755: 7752: 7750: 7747: 7746: 7744: 7742: 7737: 7733: 7727: 7724: 7722: 7719: 7717: 7716:Shootfighting 7714: 7712: 7709: 7707: 7704: 7702: 7699: 7697: 7694: 7692: 7689: 7688: 7686: 7684: 7683:combat sports 7679: 7675: 7669: 7668: 7664: 7662: 7659: 7657: 7656: 7652: 7650: 7647: 7645: 7642: 7641: 7639: 7637: 7633: 7627: 7624: 7622: 7619: 7617: 7614: 7612: 7611:Tien Shan Pai 7609: 7607: 7604: 7602: 7599: 7597: 7594: 7592: 7589: 7587: 7584: 7582: 7579: 7577: 7574: 7572: 7569: 7567: 7564: 7562: 7559: 7557: 7554: 7552: 7549: 7547: 7544: 7542: 7539: 7537: 7536:Choi Kwang-Do 7534: 7532: 7529: 7527: 7524: 7522: 7519: 7517: 7514: 7513: 7511: 7509: 7505: 7497: 7494: 7492: 7489: 7487: 7484: 7482: 7479: 7477: 7474: 7472: 7469: 7467: 7464: 7462: 7459: 7458: 7457: 7454: 7452: 7449: 7447: 7444: 7442: 7439: 7437: 7434: 7432: 7429: 7427: 7424: 7422: 7419: 7416: 7412: 7409: 7407: 7404: 7402: 7399: 7398: 7396: 7394: 7390: 7384: 7381: 7379: 7376: 7374: 7373:Pushing hands 7371: 7369: 7366: 7364: 7361: 7359: 7356: 7354: 7351: 7350: 7348: 7346: 7342: 7334: 7331: 7329: 7326: 7325: 7324: 7321: 7317: 7316:Swordsmanship 7314: 7312: 7309: 7307: 7304: 7303: 7302: 7301:Melee weapons 7299: 7297: 7294: 7293: 7291: 7289: 7285: 7279: 7276: 7272: 7269: 7267: 7264: 7262: 7259: 7257: 7254: 7252: 7249: 7248: 7247: 7244: 7240: 7237: 7235: 7232: 7230: 7227: 7225: 7222: 7220: 7217: 7216: 7214: 7210: 7207: 7205: 7202: 7200: 7197: 7195: 7192: 7190: 7187: 7185: 7182: 7181: 7179: 7178: 7176: 7174: 7168: 7162: 7159: 7157: 7154: 7152: 7149: 7147: 7144: 7142: 7139: 7135: 7132: 7131: 7130: 7127: 7125: 7122: 7120: 7117: 7115: 7112: 7110: 7107: 7105: 7102: 7100: 7097: 7096: 7094: 7092: 7088: 7084: 7077: 7073: 7067: 7066:Hard and soft 7064: 7062: 7059: 7057: 7054: 7052: 7049: 7047: 7044: 7043: 7040: 7036: 7029: 7024: 7022: 7017: 7015: 7010: 7009: 7006: 6994: 6991: 6989: 6986: 6984: 6981: 6979: 6976: 6974: 6971: 6969: 6966: 6964: 6961: 6959: 6956: 6954: 6951: 6949: 6946: 6944: 6941: 6940: 6937: 6932: 6925: 6920: 6918: 6913: 6911: 6906: 6905: 6902: 6890: 6882: 6880: 6872: 6870: 6862: 6861: 6858: 6852: 6849: 6847: 6844: 6842: 6839: 6837: 6834: 6832: 6829: 6827: 6824: 6822: 6819: 6817: 6814: 6812: 6809: 6807: 6804: 6802: 6799: 6797: 6794: 6792: 6789: 6787: 6784: 6782: 6779: 6777: 6774: 6772: 6769: 6767: 6764: 6762: 6759: 6757: 6754: 6752: 6749: 6747: 6744: 6742: 6739: 6738: 6736: 6732: 6726: 6723: 6721: 6718: 6716: 6713: 6711: 6708: 6706: 6703: 6701: 6698: 6696: 6695:One-two combo 6693: 6691: 6688: 6686: 6683: 6681: 6678: 6676: 6675:Bob and weave 6673: 6672: 6670: 6668: 6662: 6656: 6653: 6651: 6648: 6646: 6643: 6641: 6638: 6636: 6633: 6630: 6629:Cross-counter 6626: 6623: 6621: 6618: 6616: 6613: 6610: 6606: 6603: 6601: 6598: 6596: 6593: 6592: 6590: 6588: 6584: 6578: 6575: 6573: 6570: 6568: 6565: 6563: 6560: 6558: 6555: 6553: 6550: 6548: 6545: 6543: 6540: 6538: 6535: 6533: 6530: 6528: 6525: 6523: 6520: 6518: 6515: 6513: 6510: 6509: 6507: 6505: 6501: 6496: 6486: 6483: 6481: 6478: 6476: 6473: 6472: 6470: 6466: 6460: 6457: 6455: 6452: 6450: 6447: 6445: 6442: 6440: 6437: 6435: 6432: 6430: 6427: 6426: 6423: 6419: 6412: 6407: 6405: 6400: 6398: 6393: 6392: 6389: 6381: 6380: 6374: 6369: 6366: 6363: 6360: 6359: 6354: 6351: 6349: 6343: 6338: 6337: 6327: 6326:1-884-12525-5 6323: 6319: 6315: 6312: 6308: 6305: 6303: 6302: 6297: 6294: 6290: 6287: 6286:1-59228-479-5 6283: 6279: 6275: 6272: 6271:1-56663-749-X 6268: 6264: 6260: 6257: 6254: 6251: 6247: 6244: 6240: 6237: 6234: 6233:1-86105-258-8 6230: 6226: 6222: 6219: 6218:0-658-02154-0 6215: 6211: 6207: 6205: 6202: 6199: 6195: 6194: 6189: 6186: 6185:1-884654-21-5 6182: 6178: 6174: 6171: 6170:0-9630968-5-0 6167: 6163: 6159: 6156: 6155:Legal Studies 6152: 6149: 6148:1-58479-133-0 6145: 6141: 6137: 6134: 6133:0-8065-2201-1 6130: 6126: 6122: 6119: 6115: 6112: 6109: 6106: 6103: 6099: 6095: 6091: 6088: 6087:0-600-50288-0 6084: 6080: 6076: 6075:Nat Fleischer 6072: 6069: 6068:0-86547-652-7 6065: 6061: 6057: 6054: 6053: 6032: 6028: 6021: 6006: 6002: 5996: 5980: 5976: 5970: 5955: 5951: 5945: 5937: 5933: 5929: 5925: 5921: 5917: 5912: 5907: 5903: 5899: 5895: 5888: 5872: 5868: 5862: 5846: 5842: 5838: 5832: 5824: 5820: 5813: 5805: 5798: 5790: 5789:The Economist 5786: 5780: 5773: 5769: 5766: 5760: 5744: 5740: 5734: 5726: 5722: 5717: 5712: 5708: 5704: 5700: 5696: 5692: 5685: 5677: 5673: 5669: 5665: 5661: 5657: 5653: 5649: 5641: 5633: 5629: 5625: 5619: 5611: 5610:New Scientist 5607: 5601: 5586: 5582: 5575: 5560: 5556: 5549: 5541: 5535: 5531: 5530: 5522: 5514: 5510: 5506: 5502: 5498: 5494: 5490: 5486: 5478: 5470: 5466: 5461: 5456: 5452: 5448: 5444: 5440: 5436: 5429: 5421: 5417: 5412: 5407: 5403: 5399: 5394: 5389: 5385: 5381: 5377: 5369: 5361: 5357: 5352: 5347: 5342: 5337: 5333: 5329: 5325: 5318: 5310: 5306: 5301: 5296: 5292: 5288: 5284: 5280: 5276: 5269: 5261: 5257: 5252: 5247: 5242: 5237: 5233: 5229: 5225: 5218: 5210: 5206: 5201: 5196: 5191: 5186: 5182: 5178: 5174: 5166: 5158: 5154: 5149: 5144: 5140: 5136: 5132: 5125: 5117: 5113: 5108: 5103: 5099: 5095: 5091: 5084: 5069: 5065: 5059: 5051: 5047: 5043: 5039: 5035: 5031: 5024: 5016: 5012: 5007: 5002: 4998: 4994: 4990: 4986: 4982: 4975: 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Phrases.org 4739: 4738:"Phrases.org" 4733: 4718:on 9 May 2012 4717: 4713: 4707: 4703: 4702: 4694: 4678: 4674: 4667: 4659: 4655: 4648: 4640: 4634: 4627: 4621: 4614: 4608: 4592: 4588: 4582: 4567:. 26 May 2017 4566: 4562: 4556: 4549: 4543: 4536: 4530: 4523: 4517: 4510: 4504: 4498:, 1999, p.403 4497: 4491: 4485:, 1999, p.204 4484: 4478: 4472:, 1999, p.120 4471: 4465: 4459:, 1999, p.337 4458: 4454: 4453:Roberto Durán 4448: 4432: 4428: 4424: 4418: 4412:, 1999, p.384 4411: 4405: 4399:, 1999, p.254 4398: 4392: 4386:, 1999, p.162 4385: 4379: 4363: 4359: 4353: 4337: 4333: 4327: 4321: 4317: 4314: 4308: 4292: 4288: 4286: 4278: 4270: 4266: 4259: 4243: 4239: 4235: 4229: 4213: 4209: 4205: 4199: 4191: 4187: 4181: 4173: 4167: 4151: 4147: 4143: 4136: 4128: 4124: 4120: 4116: 4109: 4093: 4087: 4072: 4068: 4064: 4058: 4043: 4036: 4020: 4019:"Jim Corbett" 4013: 3998: 3994: 3987: 3972: 3968: 3962: 3960: 3952: 3948: 3943: 3935: 3933:9780786438624 3929: 3926:. McFarland. 3925: 3918: 3910: 3903: 3895: 3889: 3873: 3867: 3851: 3847: 3841: 3832: 3823: 3817: 3813: 3810: 3809: 3802: 3786: 3780: 3765: 3761: 3757: 3751: 3747: 3746: 3729: 3725: 3719: 3704: 3700: 3694: 3675: 3671: 3667: 3660: 3653: 3645: 3641: 3637: 3633: 3629: 3625: 3621: 3617: 3613: 3606: 3599: 3593: 3578: 3574: 3567: 3558: 3551: 3547: 3541: 3537: 3533: 3527: 3520: 3519: 3514: 3510: 3509: 3502: 3494: 3488: 3484: 3483: 3475: 3460: 3456: 3449: 3443: 3438: 3432: 3427: 3421: 3416: 3401: 3397: 3390: 3388: 3386: 3384: 3382: 3380: 3373: 3368: 3366: 3359: 3354: 3352: 3345: 3340: 3338: 3331: 3326: 3320: 3315: 3297: 3293: 3289: 3277: 3273: 3261: 3257: 3245: 3241: 3240: 3236: 3232: 3218: 3214: 3208: 3200: 3199: 3193: 3187: 3181: 3180: 3174: 3168: 3164: 3158: 3154: 3144: 3141: 3139: 3136: 3134: 3131: 3129: 3126: 3123: 3120: 3118: 3115: 3113: 3110: 3108: 3105: 3103: 3100: 3098: 3095: 3094: 3090: 3079: 3070: 3067: 3064: 3060: 3057: 3054: 3050: 3047: 3044: 3040: 3037: 3034: 3030: 3027: 3023: 3020: 3019: 3018: 3014: 3001: 2998: 2997: 2993: 2992: 2988: 2985: 2984: 2980: 2979: 2975: 2972: 2971: 2967: 2966: 2962: 2959: 2956: 2953: 2950: 2947: 2944: 2941: 2940: 2936: 2935: 2931: 2928: 2925: 2922: 2919: 2916: 2915: 2911: 2910: 2907: 2903: 2899: 2895: 2891: 2886: 2881: 2871: 2869: 2865: 2859: 2857: 2853: 2849: 2845: 2841: 2840:Pipino Cuevas 2837: 2833: 2832:Azumah Nelson 2829: 2828:Carlos Monzón 2825: 2821: 2820:Ismael Laguna 2817: 2813: 2809: 2808:Ricardo Lopez 2805: 2801: 2797: 2793: 2789: 2785: 2781: 2777: 2773: 2772:Benny Leonard 2769: 2765: 2760: 2758: 2754: 2750: 2743: 2738: 2729: 2719: 2716: 2708: 2698: 2694: 2688: 2687: 2682:This section 2680: 2676: 2671: 2670: 2662: 2658: 2656: 2652: 2646: 2643: 2640: 2634: 2632: 2628: 2623: 2620: 2619: 2613: 2609: 2604: 2602: 2598: 2594: 2588: 2584: 2574: 2572: 2566: 2563: 2554: 2549: 2536: 2532: 2529: 2526: 2522: 2518: 2517:Chuck Liddell 2514: 2510: 2505: 2501: 2498: 2497: 2493: 2492: 2485: 2480: 2477: 2476: 2469: 2464: 2463: 2459: 2455: 2451: 2447: 2443: 2438: 2434: 2430: 2427: 2423: 2419: 2415: 2411: 2408: 2407: 2397: 2393: 2389: 2385: 2381: 2378:is a form of 2377: 2373: 2370: 2367: 2364: 2360: 2356: 2352: 2349: 2345: 2341: 2340:Bob and weave 2338: 2335: 2332: 2328: 2324: 2321: 2320: 2316: 2310: 2305: 2302: 2301: 2294: 2289: 2286: 2285: 2278: 2273: 2270: 2268: 2261: 2256: 2253: 2251: 2244: 2239: 2236: 2235: 2228: 2223: 2220: 2219: 2212: 2207: 2206: 2205: 2197: 2193: 2191: 2186: 2184: 2179: 2175: 2171: 2161: 2160: 2158: 2155: 2154: 2150: 2146: 2142: 2138: 2134: 2124: 2123: 2121: 2118: 2112: 2111: 2109: 2106: 2100: 2099: 2097: 2094: 2093: 2089: 2085: 2081: 2077: 2070: 2069: 2062: 2057: 2054: 2053: 2046: 2041: 2037: 2036: 2029: 2024: 2021: 2020: 2013: 2008: 2007: 2006: 2004: 2000: 1996: 1992: 1982: 1978: 1976: 1970: 1968: 1962: 1955: 1949: 1944: 1941: 1935: 1930: 1927: 1921: 1916: 1915: 1914: 1912: 1900: 1890: 1888: 1883: 1881: 1875: 1873: 1869: 1863: 1860: 1855: 1853: 1852:boxing gloves 1849: 1845: 1835: 1833: 1829: 1824: 1820: 1816: 1812: 1802: 1799: 1791: 1781: 1777: 1773: 1767: 1766: 1762: 1757:This section 1755: 1751: 1746: 1745: 1739: 1735: 1731: 1722: 1718: 1709: 1707: 1703: 1699: 1695: 1691: 1687: 1683: 1679: 1675: 1671: 1667: 1663: 1659: 1655: 1651: 1647: 1642: 1639: 1638:Marvin Hagler 1635: 1629: 1626: 1622: 1618: 1610: 1606: 1597: 1593: 1591: 1587: 1583: 1579: 1575: 1571: 1567: 1563: 1559: 1555: 1551: 1547: 1543: 1539: 1535: 1531: 1527: 1523: 1519: 1515: 1511: 1506: 1504: 1496: 1491: 1482: 1478: 1476: 1472: 1468: 1464: 1460: 1459:Humberto Soto 1456: 1452: 1451:Marvin Hagler 1448: 1444: 1440: 1436: 1432: 1428: 1424: 1420: 1416: 1415:Max Schmeling 1412: 1408: 1403: 1400: 1391: 1389: 1385: 1381: 1380:Thomas Hearns 1377: 1373: 1369: 1365: 1361: 1357: 1356:Carlos Monzón 1353: 1349: 1345: 1341: 1337: 1333: 1329: 1325: 1321: 1317: 1313: 1309: 1304: 1298:Boxer-puncher 1295: 1293: 1289: 1285: 1281: 1277: 1273: 1269: 1268:Roy Jones Jr. 1265: 1261: 1257: 1253: 1249: 1245: 1241: 1237: 1233: 1229: 1225: 1221: 1216: 1209: 1204: 1195: 1193: 1181:Boxing styles 1178: 1176: 1170: 1168: 1164: 1160: 1156: 1148: 1144: 1140: 1136: 1131: 1121: 1118: 1112: 1110: 1106: 1098: 1094: 1090: 1085: 1075: 1073: 1069: 1065: 1064:Olympic Games 1061: 1055: 1050: 1046: 1039: 1038:Roberto Durán 1035: 1026: 1022: 1018: 1014: 1007: 1003: 999: 995: 993: 988: 986: 980: 976: 972: 970: 969: 962: 952: 945: 941: 937: 933: 929: 923:Modern boxing 920: 918: 913: 910: 908: 904: 900: 895: 893: 889: 888: 879: 874: 870: 861: 858: 849: 831: 829: 825: 821: 820:middleweights 817: 813: 812:Lillie Bridge 809: 808:John Chambers 805: 802:In 1867, the 795: 792: 787: 783: 780: 775: 768: 764: 763:Tom Molineaux 760: 756: 753: 749: 744: 742: 738: 734: 728: 726: 722: 718: 715:Britain when 713: 709: 705: 704:prizefighting 701: 696: 694: 693: 692:kulachniy boy 688: 683: 675: 670: 661: 659: 658:amphitheatres 655: 651: 644: 639: 635: 633: 629: 628: 622: 620: 616: 612: 609:in Thailand, 608: 604: 600: 596: 592: 588: 584: 580: 576: 572: 568: 567: 558: 557: 548: 547: 542: 538: 537: 532: 531:ancient India 527: 518: 515: 504: 500: 496: 491: 489: 485: 481: 476: 474: 473:ancient times 470: 466: 462: 458: 454: 453:human history 450: 446: 442: 438: 430: 423: 422:boxing gloves 419: 415: 410: 405: 401: 386: 384: 380: 376: 371: 369: 365: 361: 357: 353: 351: 347: 343: 337: 335: 331: 327: 323: 319: 315: 311: 306: 304: 300: 296: 292: 288: 284: 280: 276: 272: 268: 264: 263:elbow strikes 260: 256: 250: 248: 244: 240: 236: 232: 228: 224: 220: 212:1904 (modern) 209: 207:Olympic sport 205: 201: 197: 193: 189: 185: 182: 178: 175: 171: 167: 165:Also known as 163: 158: 152: 147: 141: 133: 130: 122: 111: 108: 104: 101: 97: 94: 90: 87: 83: 80: – 79: 75: 74:Find sources: 68: 64: 58: 57: 52:This article 50: 46: 41: 40: 37: 33: 19: 9328: 9217:Table tennis 9187:Rugby sevens 9160:Trampolining 9130:Field hockey 9118:Show jumping 9091:Road cycling 9064:Canoe sprint 9059:Canoe slalom 9048: 8770:Champions in 8663:weight class 8660:Champions by 8588: 8492:Champions by 8348: 8303: 8277:Pencak silat 8233: 8188: 7987:Stage combat 7941:Mardani khel 7863:Jeet Kune Do 7821:Silat Melayu 7784:Pencak silat 7736:Self-defense 7678:Full contact 7665: 7653: 7591:Shoot boxing 7531:Chess boxing 7520: 7431:Malla-yuddha 7368:Punching bag 7358:Boxing glove 7215:Leg strikes 7194:Elbow strike 7180:Arm strikes 7035:Martial arts 6930: 6781:Chess boxing 6746:Boxing glove 6645:Rabbit punch 6625:Counterpunch 6562:Club fighter 6517:Weight class 6512:The distance 6417: 6377: 6356: 6317: 6310: 6300: 6292: 6277: 6262: 6249: 6242: 6224: 6209: 6197: 6191: 6176: 6161: 6154: 6139: 6124: 6117: 6093: 6078: 6059: 6056:Robert Anasi 6049:Bibliography 6034:. Retrieved 6030: 6020: 6008:. Retrieved 6004: 5995: 5983:. Retrieved 5978: 5969: 5957:. Retrieved 5953: 5944: 5901: 5897: 5887: 5875:. Retrieved 5870: 5861: 5849:. Retrieved 5845:the original 5840: 5831: 5822: 5818: 5812: 5797: 5788: 5779: 5759: 5747:. Retrieved 5743:the original 5733: 5698: 5694: 5684: 5651: 5647: 5640: 5632:the original 5627: 5618: 5609: 5600: 5588:. Retrieved 5585:Bloody Elbow 5584: 5574: 5562:. Retrieved 5558: 5548: 5528: 5521: 5488: 5485:Neurosurgery 5484: 5477: 5445:(2): 34–48. 5442: 5438: 5428: 5383: 5379: 5368: 5331: 5327: 5317: 5282: 5278: 5268: 5231: 5227: 5217: 5180: 5176: 5165: 5138: 5134: 5124: 5097: 5093: 5083: 5071:. Retrieved 5067: 5058: 5033: 5029: 5023: 4988: 4984: 4974: 4962:. Retrieved 4960:. 3 May 1998 4948: 4936:. Retrieved 4934:. Ama.com.au 4925: 4911: 4893: 4876: 4872: 4866: 4852: 4844: 4836: 4827: 4821: 4811:22 September 4809:. Retrieved 4805:the original 4790: 4780: 4768:. Retrieved 4764:the original 4754: 4742:. Retrieved 4732: 4720:. Retrieved 4716:the original 4700: 4693: 4681:. Retrieved 4676: 4666: 4658:Bloody Elbow 4657: 4647: 4633: 4625: 4620: 4612: 4607: 4595:. Retrieved 4590: 4581: 4569:. Retrieved 4564: 4555: 4547: 4542: 4534: 4529: 4524:, 1999, p.75 4521: 4516: 4508: 4503: 4495: 4490: 4482: 4477: 4469: 4464: 4456: 4447: 4437:22 September 4435:. Retrieved 4431:the original 4426: 4417: 4409: 4404: 4396: 4391: 4383: 4378: 4368:22 September 4366:. Retrieved 4362:the original 4352: 4340:. Retrieved 4336:the original 4326: 4307: 4295:. Retrieved 4291:the original 4287:, About.com" 4284: 4277: 4268: 4258: 4246:. Retrieved 4242:the original 4237: 4228: 4216:. Retrieved 4212:the original 4207: 4198: 4192:. June 2016. 4190:The Guardian 4189: 4180: 4166: 4156:22 September 4154:. Retrieved 4150:the original 4145: 4135: 4118: 4114: 4108: 4096:. Retrieved 4086: 4074:. Retrieved 4070: 4057: 4045:. Retrieved 4035: 4023:. Retrieved 4012: 4002:22 September 4000:. Retrieved 3996: 3986: 3974:. Retrieved 3970: 3950: 3942: 3923: 3917: 3908: 3902: 3893: 3888: 3876:. Retrieved 3866: 3854:. Retrieved 3850:the original 3846:"blow-1.jpg" 3840: 3831: 3822: 3807: 3801: 3789:. Retrieved 3779: 3767:. Retrieved 3744: 3732:. Retrieved 3724:"James Figg" 3718: 3706:. Retrieved 3702: 3693: 3681:. Retrieved 3674:the original 3669: 3665: 3652: 3619: 3615: 3605: 3597: 3592: 3580:. Retrieved 3576: 3566: 3557: 3549: 3535: 3526: 3516: 3513:Virata Parva 3512: 3507: 3501: 3481: 3474: 3462:. Retrieved 3458: 3448: 3437: 3426: 3415: 3403:. Retrieved 3399: 3325: 3314: 3300:. Retrieved 3295: 3280:. Retrieved 3264:. Retrieved 3262:. Evolve MMA 3248:. Retrieved 3235: 3216: 3212: 3207: 3196: 3185: 3177: 3166: 3157: 3016: 2968:Intermediate 2860: 2856:Ken Buchanan 2800:Jose Napoles 2792:Muhammad Ali 2788:Archie Moore 2776:Jack Dempsey 2761: 2746: 2726: 2711: 2702: 2691:Please help 2686:verification 2683: 2659: 2647: 2644: 2635: 2624: 2615: 2605: 2597:brain damage 2590: 2567: 2558: 2530: 2499: 2489: 2473: 2446:welterweight 2437:circular arc 2428: 2409: 2371: 2365: 2350: 2339: 2334:Sway or fade 2333: 2322: 2315:Pulling away 2314: 2298: 2282: 2265: 2248: 2232: 2216: 2203: 2194: 2190:rabbit punch 2187: 2180: 2176: 2172: 2168: 2156: 2148: 2143:) throws an 2140: 2119: 2107: 2095: 2088:body puncher 2066: 2050: 2033: 2017: 1988: 1979: 1971: 1963: 1959: 1953: 1939: 1925: 1911:Jack Johnson 1907: 1884: 1876: 1864: 1856: 1841: 1825: 1821: 1817: 1813: 1809: 1794: 1785: 1770:Please help 1758: 1719: 1715: 1701: 1698:Ricky Hatton 1654:Shawn Porter 1643: 1630: 1614: 1594: 1586:Rocky Balboa 1574:Jake LaMotta 1554:Brandon Ríos 1546:Arturo Gatti 1530:Sonny Liston 1526:Riddick Bowe 1522:Jack Dempsey 1507: 1503:Danny García 1499: 1479: 1439:Jerry Quarry 1427:Jack Johnson 1404: 1397: 1376:Naseem Hamed 1368:Terry Norris 1364:Érik Morales 1340:Sam Langford 1332:Miguel Cotto 1328:Archie Moore 1316:Lennox Lewis 1305: 1301: 1292:Apollo Creed 1228:Joe Calzaghe 1224:Larry Holmes 1220:Muhammad Ali 1217: 1213: 1208:Muhammad Ali 1189: 1171: 1155:Jack Dempsey 1151: 1113: 1102: 1093:Nicola Adams 1056: 1053: 1023: 1019: 1015: 1011: 989: 981: 977: 973: 966: 964: 949: 936:Attila Levin 914: 911: 896: 885: 883: 867: 853: 824:heavyweights 816:lightweights 801: 788: 784: 776: 772: 745: 740: 729: 707: 703: 697: 690: 682:Roman Empire 679: 673: 650:Ancient Rome 647: 625: 623: 621:in Myanmar. 615:Pradal Serey 599:musti-yuddha 598: 594: 581:, the ruler 574: 564: 554: 544: 543:such as the 536:musti-yuddha 534: 528: 492: 477: 435: 372: 354: 346:Olympic game 338: 307: 299:martial arts 267:knee strikes 251: 223:combat sport 218: 217: 200:Modern rules 140: 125: 116: 106: 99: 92: 85: 73: 61:Please help 56:verification 53: 36: 8226:Asian Games 8111:World Games 8073:Greco-Roman 7893:Battlefield 7853:Chun Kuk Do 7796:Suffrajitsu 7606:Tang Soo Do 7481:Greco-Roman 7234:Knee strike 7151:Philippines 6801:Tent boxing 6756:Boxing ring 6710:Rope-a-dope 6110:. 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BBC News. 5590:18 February 5564:18 February 5234:(5–8): 68. 5073:18 February 4248:21 December 4218:21 December 4098:2 September 3907:"Lincoln". 3878:5 September 3740:excerpting 3683:11 November 3518:Mahabharata 2890:WBA (Super) 2742:Gene Tunney 2543:Ring corner 2450:Kid Gavilán 2442:Ali shuffle 2418:rope-a-dope 2410:Rope-a-dope 2351:Parry/block 1954:Full crouch 1940:Semi-crouch 1887:boxing ring 1848:wrist wraps 1694:James Toney 1662:Joe Frazier 1650:Aaron Pryor 1538:Ray Mancini 1447:James Toney 1435:Laszlo Papp 1423:Jim Corbett 1244:Gene Tunney 1163:Kim Duk-koo 1159:early 1980s 1109:Asian Games 917:Tex Rickard 907:New Orleans 848:Kinetograph 779:Pierce Egan 723:(and later 687:ancient Rus 566:Mahabharata 526:–1400 BC). 524: 1500 358:is both an 330:Mesopotamia 245:– throwing 243:mouthguards 231:boxing ring 227:martial art 196:Prehistoric 194:, possibly 9351:Categories 9237:Volleyball 9145:Gymnastics 9103:Equestrian 9076:BMX racing 9037:Basketball 9015:Water polo 8268:2018 Only 8129:Kickboxing 7883:Qwan Ki Do 7811:To-Shin Do 7741:combatives 7711:Pankration 7696:Kickboxing 7667:Xingyiquan 7655:Baguazhang 7621:Wudangquan 7551:Kickboxing 7446:Shuai jiao 7256:Joint lock 7173:techniques 6821:Slapboxing 6705:Peek-a-boo 6700:Check hook 6665:Styles and 6650:Liver shot 6635:Bolo punch 6567:Long count 6547:Tomato can 6542:Journeyman 6537:Gatekeeper 6459:Kickboxing 6081:. 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