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Psion Organiser

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maintaining the web pages on a day-to-day basis. Dave wrote about Scherphuis "A Remarkable Psion Programmer". The Psion 2 archive had a large proportion of programmes written by Scherphuis, many written in machine code.In the spring of 2002 Boris Cornet took over as site maintainer/editor. Later that year he replaced the chat (bulletin board) with the now defunct Psion Organiser II Forum. When he died in 2012, the administrative duties for the forum were taken over by a power user MIKESAN who ran it until the spring of 2020 when he developed a terminal illness and the site became inaccessible. In January 2021 Olivier Gossuin, a Belgian enthusiast, launched a new Organiser II User Forum which in turn became inaccessible in 2022. In January 2023 a Canadian enthusiast Yves Martin provided space on his business server for a replacement forum with a long time enthusiast Martin Reid helping with the administration.
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created his web site with the aim "to be an archive of Psion Organiser II information and software that might otherwise be abandoned and lost". Hardware developments have continued with Olivier Gossuin, a Belgian enthusiast who has created a microUSB CommsLink, 256 KB RAMPak, 512 KB FlashPak, and microUSB Power Supply. These, with other Organiser II hardware and software, are still available from the West Yorkshire Psion Store. Massimo Cellin created the Psion Facebook group in the autumn of 2015, servicing all the Psion products including the Organiser II. Members of the Facebook group include the former editor of IPSO FACTO, the 1980s and 1990s newsletters of the International Psion Pocket Computers User Group, copies of which are still available from Scherphuis' archive.
825: 853: 839: 1983: 213: 628: 25: 913:, where it was used on the shop floor, with their branding instead of Psion's and with only limited keys visible to the end user. It was also used in the world's first large-scale application of mobile technology in government, where over 3,000 were used for benefit calculations by the Employment Services department of the UK government. It proved popular with surveyors who interfaced it with electronic 941:(A/D) and even an interface to the full range of Mitutoyo measuring equipment, allowing it to be used in quality control for various car manufacturers. Later models in the Organiser II range offered other hardware improvements, with 4-line displays, and also models were introduced with 32, 64 and 96 KB RAM. 547:. Retrieving, for example, byte 2000 from a Datapak meant issuing successive hardware commands to either step from the current read position one address place at time until position 2000 was reached or, in the worst case, resetting the read position to zero and then issuing a step-forward command 2000 times. 969:
to be in permanent state of 'beta testing' but with his sad passing it is no longer being developed. With this in mind the author of ORG-link has further developed and released ORG-Link_V2 an Organiser II Comms Link Server that works in all Windows versions 32 and 64 bit. In the winter of 2013, Jaap
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In 1986, the successful Organiser II introduced many hardware improvements, a better keyboard and display, a much larger ROM and either 8 KB (CM Model), 16 or 32 KB (XP Model), 32 or 64 KB (later LZ Model) of battery-backed RAM, and featured a capable newly designed single-tasking operating system.
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to fill the gap, stating "Considering that more than 500,000 series II Organisers were produced, there must be many people still using this wonderful machine". The original Org2.com In the summer of 1997, Jaap Scherphuis joined the site as software specialist and soon became fully responsible for
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reviewer described the Organiser's software as a "clever design ... for fast and foolproof use". He approved of the consistent user interface across applications and reported that without documentation he was able to learn how to do everything except program in 15 minutes. The machine provided a
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also supported various other hardware additions, such as telephone dialers, a speech synthesiser, barcode reader, and a dedicated thermal printer. This latter was used by several banks as a counter-top exchange-rate calculator for some years. As it was easy to get hardware specifications, many
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Application developers writing in 6301 assembly struggled with the small amount of RAM (2 KB) and the lack of an operating system. Another difficulty for developers was with the performance limits of the earliest Datapaks, which used a serial-access internal architecture, instead of
597:. While the machine was sleeping, the counter counted 1,024 seconds and then woke the machine very briefly, so that software could add 1,024 seconds to a record of the time held in RAM. This meant that when sleeping the machine woke very fleetingly every 17 minutes 4 seconds. 516:, interpreter and runtime, and had several unusual design features one being that it could interpret – that is, read and execute – Forth intermediate code directly in place on a Datapak, rather than needing to copy it into precious RAM first, despite the Datapaks not being 906:, which were commonly available for other consumer computers of the time. More advanced users could edit the system machine-code routines, either by direct machine code or by calls from OPL, could manipulate the built-in address database, and create their own. 1374:
Each week on the Wall of Fame, we look at one particular area of gadgetry and choose the most iconic gadget from that category to join our Wall of Fame. ... And this week we're putting the Psion Organiser up against the ubiquitous
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The machine had far more application functionality, including many built-in application programs, an easy-to-use database, a diary, and an alarm clock, and featured end-user programmability in the form of the successful then-named
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In addition to the above, many other industrial, one-off and special edition models were released, including a special edition with transparent housing. Some of these models have radically different keyboard layouts.
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could be frozen without losing state meant very long battery life, measured in weeks or even months. Minimal power use was aided by the processor being frozen whenever there was no work to do, plus a deeper
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Production of consumer hand-held devices by Psion has now ceased; the company, after corporate changes, now concentrates on hardware and software for industrial and commercial data-collection applications.
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storage. The device can host two of these, named Datapaks (stylized as DATAPAK, or simply PAK), to which it can write data, but which must be removed from the device and erased by exposure to
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Today the Filofax is challenged by hand-held computers, such as the Psion Organiser and the coming generation of combined mobile phones/personal computers, with internet and email access.
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light before they can be re-used. As Psion had patented the use of EPROMS as a storage device, it was impossible for other device makers to copy this unusual approach to mobile storage.
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language, but was available to registered professional developers rather than end users. The Psion Forth Development System for the Organiser I was a powerful set of IBM PC-based
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had moved their focus away from the Organiser II onto the newer clamshell series devices (below) and had almost ceased support for the Organiser II, Dave Woolnough created the
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still shares features with OPL, but the developer toolkits were from then on focused on programmers familiar with C and only the Symbian operating system remains.
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named POPL, in which end-users could write their own programs. Software Datapaks titled Science, Maths and Finance contained the POPL programming language editor,
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in the 1980s. The Organiser I (launched in 1984) and Organiser II (launched in 1986) had a characteristic hard plastic sliding cover protecting a 6Ă—6
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The first Organiser II models featured a two-line display. The new model supported several different types of improved Datapaks, containing either
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The Organiser II also had an external device slot, into which various plug-in modules could be fitted, including a device that provided an
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for a place on the show's Hall of Fame. Whilst the Psion was highly praised as a device that pioneered portable computing, host
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Software developed by Psion as part of the Organiser I project, and application software after its launch, was written in 6301
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The SIBO family, and the improved version of the OPL language (with window and focus controls), was replaced in 1997 by a new
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The machine lacked a full independently battery-backed, date-time real-time hardware clock, instead it had a simple hardware
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As of autumn 2017 several software features and hardware devices are still being developed and are available including a
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and extended the built-in calculator by adding named functions. These Datapaks also contained different sets of
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pack. This latter adds scientific and trigonometric functions to the otherwise basic calculator routines.
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range, other than the end-user programming language, which shared a great deal of structure with OPL.
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Launched in 1984, the Psion Organiser was the "world's first practical pocket computer". Based on an
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The first similar device made in the USA did not appear until 1985 and was manufactured by Validec.
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A far more sophisticated programming tool was later made available with the implementation of the
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keyboard. As to hardware architecture and operating system, these had no links to the earlier
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or battery-backed RAM storage, each storing between 8 KB and 128 KB of data. Later
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OS. This change was more significant than appeared at the time. The consumer-grade
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The Organiser II was widely used for commercial applications in companies such as
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The name "Organiser" was not used for later Psion handhelds, such as the
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Organiser II (open and closed); models XP & LZ shown on 5 cm squares
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Hitachi 6301-family processor, running at 0.9 MHz, with 4 
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The Hitachi 6301 processor is an enhanced development based on the
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operating system, which until 2010 was the most widely used OS in
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tools for producing Forth application software, including a Forth
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Another legacy that Boris Cornet left Organiser II users is
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A detailed history of Psion around the time of the Series 5
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bespoke devices were developed by small companies such as
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Memory modules for the Organiser (on 5 cm squares)
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and included one Datapak and one software Datapak, the
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electrically erasable programmable read-only memory
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The Organiser I supported removable storage 2001: 1387: 1385: 1383: 193:Emulator, Parallel Interface, USB Commslink, 32 186:ultimately gave the accolade to the BlackBerry. 1786: 1210: 481:Software supplied on Datapak included a crude 197:(KB) and 256 KB RAMpaks, and 512 KB FlashPak. 1623: 1380: 945:Post production enthusiasts and developments 1766:(1989): MC200, MC400, MC400 Word, MC600 DOS 1308: 1306: 1630: 1616: 626: 211: 1604:– the operational division of Psion PLC. 1312: 109:Learn how and when to remove this message 1391: 1313:Bannister, Nicholas (27 November 1999). 1303: 146:, with letters arranged alphabetically. 556:complementary metal–oxide–semiconductor 153:and can be considered the first usable 2015:Computer-related introductions in 1984 2002: 1797: 1513: 469:erasable programmable read-only memory 1611: 600:The original 1984 price was ÂŁ99  47:adding citations to reliable sources 18: 1586:at The Centre for Computing History 1351:"Wall of Fame: Blackberry vs Psion" 1258:; the latter was later sold as the 1201:* Maximum size of Datapak supported 149:The Organiser II competed with the 13: 973: 531:and linker, all of which ran on a 16:Palmtop pocket computer from Psion 14: 2031: 1678: 1637: 1577: 1336:– via www.theguardian.com. 467:(write-once) devices, which used 126:was the brand name of a range of 1982: 1981: 1672: 1547:. 11 August 2011. Archived from 1392:Pountain, Dick (November 1984). 851: 837: 823: 23: 1555: 1533: 1276:high-level programming language 615: 34:needs additional citations for 1507: 1493: 1468: 1446: 1424: 1412: 1343: 888:Organiser Programming Language 497:written in the POPL language. 200: 1: 2020:Personal information managers 1592:– website by Steve Litchfield 1520:The Psion Organiser Series II 1516:"Other Documents: IPSO FACTO" 1296: 1266:, being in 2011 displaced by 533:Digital Equipment Corporation 437:and has a one-row monochrome 165:in a small, portable device. 1211:Subsequent hand-held devices 979:Psion Organiser I/II models 949:In the autumn of 1996, when 939:analog-to-digital converters 7: 1284: 955:Psion Organiser II Homepage 705:; 28 years ago 687:; 38 years ago 309:; 38 years ago 272:; 40 years ago 10: 2036: 1476:"PSION Organiser II Forum" 1231:machines, which were of a 894:-like language, which was 159:personal digital assistant 1951: 1924: 1898: 1891: 1882:Open Programming Language 1777: 1754: 1729: 1690: 1658: 1649: 1394:"A Plethora of Portables" 804: 794: 786: 775: 764: 753: 745: 737: 725: 717: 699: 681: 673: 663: 655: 647: 637: 625: 411: 403: 395: 387: 376: 365: 355: 347: 331: 321: 303: 284: 266: 258: 248: 240: 232: 222: 210: 1315:"Passport to prosperity" 1250:-based operating system 1988:Category: Psion devices 1590:Psion Organiser History 830:Organiser II with cover 586:, which turned off the 433:(ROM) and 2 KB of 1501:"Jaaps Site Reference" 577:and a processor which 562:), with several extra 459:and clock, and had no 439:liquid crystal display 1217:SIxteen-Bit Organiser 902:, in contrast to the 1977:Open-source software 1432:"Psion Organiser II" 880:random-access memory 495:application software 483:programming language 465:write once read many 155:electronic organizer 43:improve this article 1419:Psion Organiser One 980: 911:Marks & Spencer 741:8, 16, 32, or 64 KB 622: 566:, various hardware 207: 1916:Symbian Foundation 1551:on 13 August 2011. 1514:Scherphuis, Jaap. 1442:on 1 October 1999. 978: 632:Psion Organiser II 621:Psion Organiser II 620: 453:flat-file database 407:Psion Organiser II 391:142 Ă— 78 Ă— 29.3 mm 285:Introductory price 205: 1997: 1996: 1947: 1946: 1877: 1876: 1824: 1823: 1773: 1772: 1692:Clamshell designs 1567:Los Angeles Times 1199: 1198: 900:intermediate code 878:) flashpaks, and 812: 811: 790:Psion Organiser I 525:assembly language 514:intermediate code 506:cross-development 419: 418: 357:Removable storage 217:Psion Organiser I 206:Psion Organiser I 172:On an episode of 144:computer keyboard 130:developed by the 119: 118: 111: 93: 58:"Psion Organiser" 2027: 1985: 1984: 1940:(Psion, Symbian) 1908:Symbian Software 1896: 1895: 1795: 1794: 1784: 1783: 1660:Pocket computers 1656: 1655: 1632: 1625: 1618: 1609: 1608: 1571: 1570: 1569:. 10 March 1985. 1559: 1553: 1552: 1537: 1531: 1530: 1528: 1526: 1511: 1505: 1504: 1497: 1491: 1490: 1488: 1486: 1472: 1466: 1465: 1460:. Archived from 1450: 1444: 1443: 1438:. Archived from 1428: 1422: 1421:. bioeddie.co.uk 1416: 1410: 1409: 1407: 1405: 1389: 1378: 1377: 1371: 1369: 1363: 1347: 1341: 1340: 1335: 1333: 1310: 1248:ARM architecture 1233:clamshell design 981: 977: 855: 841: 827: 817:Psion Organisers 727:Operating system 713: 711: 706: 695: 693: 688: 630: 623: 619: 568:system on a chip 518:execute-in-place 461:operating system 431:read-only memory 323:Operating system 317: 315: 310: 280: 278: 273: 215: 208: 204: 128:pocket computers 114: 107: 103: 100: 94: 92: 51: 27: 19: 2035: 2034: 2030: 2029: 2028: 2026: 2025: 2024: 2000: 1999: 1998: 1993: 1980: 1943: 1920: 1887: 1873: 1820: 1789: 1769: 1764:Psion MC series 1750: 1725: 1686: 1668:Psion Organiser 1645: 1636: 1598:at The Register 1580: 1575: 1574: 1561: 1560: 1556: 1539: 1538: 1534: 1524: 1522: 1512: 1508: 1499: 1498: 1494: 1484: 1482: 1474: 1473: 1469: 1464:on 31 May 2021. 1452: 1451: 1447: 1430: 1429: 1425: 1417: 1413: 1403: 1401: 1390: 1381: 1367: 1365: 1361: 1355:The Gadget Show 1349: 1348: 1344: 1331: 1329: 1311: 1304: 1299: 1287: 1227:and the 32-bit 1213: 1202: 1034: 1020: 1004: 993: 976: 974:Table of models 947: 863: 862: 861: 860: 859: 856: 847: 846: 845: 842: 833: 832: 831: 828: 819: 818: 709: 707: 704: 691: 689: 686: 668:Pocket computer 659:Psion Organiser 633: 618: 554:implemented in 529:cross assembler 520:memory-mapped. 313: 311: 308: 276: 274: 271: 253:Pocket computer 244:Psion Organiser 218: 203: 175:The Gadget Show 124:Psion Organiser 115: 104: 98: 95: 52: 50: 40: 28: 17: 12: 11: 5: 2033: 2023: 2022: 2017: 2012: 1995: 1994: 1992: 1991: 1972: 1964: 1952: 1949: 1948: 1945: 1944: 1942: 1941: 1935: 1932:Nigel Clifford 1928: 1926: 1922: 1921: 1919: 1912:UIQ Technology 1905: 1899: 1893: 1889: 1888: 1886: 1885: 1878: 1875: 1874: 1872: 1871: 1854:^° OS (1997) ( 1847: 1846: 1845: 1837: 1825: 1822: 1821: 1819: 1818: 1810: 1803: 1801: 1792: 1781: 1775: 1774: 1771: 1770: 1768: 1767: 1760: 1758: 1752: 1751: 1749: 1748: 1745:Psion Series 7 1742: 1735: 1733: 1727: 1726: 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801: 799:Psion Series 3 796: 792: 791: 788: 784: 783: 782:port CommsLink 777: 773: 772: 766: 762: 761: 758:Liquid crystal 755: 751: 750: 747: 743: 742: 739: 735: 734: 732:Single-tasking 729: 723: 722: 719: 715: 714: 701: 697: 696: 683: 679: 678: 675: 671: 670: 665: 661: 660: 657: 656:Product family 653: 652: 649: 645: 644: 639: 635: 634: 631: 617: 614: 604:or $ 199  491:runtime system 417: 416: 413: 409: 408: 405: 401: 400: 397: 393: 392: 389: 385: 384: 378: 374: 373: 370:Liquid crystal 367: 363: 362: 359: 353: 352: 349: 345: 344: 335: 329: 328: 325: 319: 318: 305: 301: 300: 286: 282: 281: 268: 264: 263: 260: 256: 255: 250: 246: 245: 242: 241:Product family 238: 237: 234: 230: 229: 224: 220: 219: 216: 202: 199: 117: 116: 31: 29: 22: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 2032: 2021: 2018: 2016: 2013: 2011: 2010:Psion devices 2008: 2007: 2005: 1990: 1989: 1979: 1978: 1973: 1971: 1970: 1965: 1963: 1962: 1957: 1954: 1953: 1950: 1939: 1936: 1933: 1930: 1929: 1927: 1923: 1917: 1913: 1909: 1906: 1903: 1900: 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534: 530: 526: 521: 519: 515: 511: 507: 503: 498: 496: 492: 488: 484: 479: 477: 473: 470: 466: 462: 458: 454: 449: 448: 442: 440: 436: 432: 428: 424: 414: 410: 406: 402: 398: 394: 390: 386: 382: 379: 375: 371: 368: 364: 360: 358: 354: 350: 346: 342: 339: 336: 334: 330: 326: 324: 320: 306: 302: 298: 294: 290: 287: 283: 269: 265: 261: 257: 254: 251: 247: 243: 239: 235: 231: 228: 225: 221: 214: 209: 198: 196: 192: 187: 185: 181: 177: 176: 170: 166: 164: 160: 156: 152: 147: 145: 142:instead of a 141: 137: 133: 129: 125: 121: 113: 110: 102: 91: 88: 84: 81: 77: 74: 70: 67: 63: 60: â€“  59: 55: 54:Find sources: 48: 44: 38: 37: 32:This article 30: 26: 21: 20: 1986: 1974: 1966: 1958: 1955: 1884:, OPL (1984) 1862:(S) (2001), 1849: 1839: 1812: 1731:Subnotebooks 1679:Organiser II 1667: 1566: 1557: 1549:the original 1544: 1535: 1525:26 September 1523:. Retrieved 1519: 1509: 1495: 1483:. Retrieved 1479: 1470: 1462:the original 1457: 1448: 1440:the original 1435: 1426: 1414: 1402:. Retrieved 1397: 1373: 1366:. Retrieved 1359:the original 1354: 1345: 1337: 1330:. Retrieved 1319:The Guardian 1318: 1280: 1245: 1240: 1223:laptop, the 1216: 1214: 1205: 1200: 966: 962: 960: 954: 948: 933: 929: 928:port (named 923: 908: 904:interpreters 884: 871: 864: 776:Connectivity 700:Discontinued 682:Release date 648:Manufacturer 616:Organiser II 609: 599: 592: 572: 564:instructions 555: 549: 541: 522: 499: 480: 468: 445: 443: 420: 304:Discontinued 267:Release date 233:Manufacturer 188: 173: 171: 167: 148: 123: 122: 120: 105: 96: 86: 79: 72: 65: 53: 41:Please help 36:verification 33: 1961:Microkernel 1938:David Levin 1834:EPOC16–SIBO 1706:Psion Siena 1673:Organiser I 1375:BlackBerry. 1332:24 February 1264:smartphones 1254:written in 1221:Psion MC400 915:theodolites 787:Predecessor 487:interpreter 476:ultraviolet 201:Organiser I 184:Jon Bentley 2004:Categories 1925:Executives 1720:Psion Revo 1404:23 October 1297:References 718:Units sold 674:Generation 584:sleep mode 575:static RAM 457:calculator 435:static RAM 388:Dimensions 361:2 Datapaks 259:Generation 191:JavaScript 180:BlackBerry 99:March 2009 69:newspapers 1969:Real-time 1934:(Symbian) 1817:^° (2005) 1788:Operating 1584:Psion PLC 1454:"Psi2Win" 1327:0261-3077 1241:Organiser 951:Psion PLC 930:CommsLink 890:(OPL), a 795:Successor 651:Psion PLC 642:Psion PLC 638:Developer 404:Successor 399:225 grams 236:Psion PLC 227:Psion PLC 223:Developer 1914:(1999), 1910:(1998) ( 1866:(2001), 1779:Software 1651:Hardware 1458:org2.com 1436:org2.com 1285:See also 1174:II LZ64 1122:II LA** 1033:Datapak* 934:top slot 896:compiled 805:Language 749:8–128 KB 721:500,000+ 510:compiler 412:Language 195:kilobyte 163:database 134:company 1956:italics 1918:(2008)) 1870:(2002)) 1851:Symbian 1799:Kernels 1790:systems 1756:Laptops 1702:(1991) 1643:Symbian 1545:Gartner 1368:1 April 1272:Android 1260:Symbian 1235:with a 1029:Display 967:Psi2Win 963:Psi2Win 808:English 754:Display 746:Storage 708: ( 690: ( 610:Utility 595:counter 588:display 451:simple 415:English 366:Display 341:Hitachi 312: ( 275: ( 151:Filofax 132:British 83:scholar 1904:(1980) 1844:(1997) 1841:EPOC32 1836:(1989) 1809:(1989) 1747:(2000) 1741:(1999) 1722:(1999) 1716:(1997) 1708:(1996) 1681:(1986) 1675:(1984) 1485:20 May 1325:  1268:Google 1252:EPOC32 1237:QWERTY 1195:1,000 1169:1,000 1148:II LZ 1143:1,000 1117:1,000 1096:II XP 1070:II CM 926:RS-232 876:EEPROM 780:RS-232 769:Keypad 760:2 line 738:Memory 535:(DEC) 381:Keypad 372:1 line 348:Memory 140:keypad 85:  78:  71:  64:  56:  1902:Psion 1639:Psion 1602:Psion 1362:(swf) 1192:20Ă—4 1186:6303 1177:1989 1166:20Ă—4 1160:6303 1151:1989 1140:16Ă—2 1134:6303 1125:1986 1114:16Ă—2 1108:6303 1099:1986 1088:16Ă—2 1082:6303 1073:1986 1062:16Ă—1 1056:6301 1047:1984 1018:Clock 984:Model 892:BASIC 868:EPROM 765:Input 579:clock 502:Forth 472:EPROM 423:8-bit 377:Input 338:8-bit 136:Psion 90:JSTOR 76:books 1975:° = 1967:^ = 1860:MOAP 1856:GUIs 1829:EPOC 1814:EKA2 1807:EKA1 1527:2020 1487:2021 1406:2013 1398:Byte 1370:2009 1334:2019 1323:ISSN 1189:0.9 1163:0.9 1137:0.9 1111:0.9 1085:0.9 1059:0.9 987:Year 710:1996 703:1996 692:1986 685:1986 664:Type 560:CMOS 489:and 447:Byte 396:Mass 351:2 KB 343:6301 314:1986 307:1986 277:1984 270:1984 249:Type 62:news 1868:UIQ 1864:S60 1270:'s 1256:C++ 1183:64 1180:64 1157:64 1154:32 1131:32 1128:32 1105:32 1102:16 1091:64 1079:32 1065:16 1023:MHz 1013:CPU 1002:ROM 991:RAM 898:to 771:6Ă—6 606:CAD 602:GBP 537:VAX 429:of 383:6Ă—6 333:CPU 299:199 297:C$ 293:GBP 291:99 157:or 45:by 2006:: 1959:= 1858:: 1565:. 1543:. 1518:. 1478:. 1456:. 1434:. 1396:. 1382:^ 1372:. 1353:. 1321:. 1317:. 1305:^ 1076:8 1053:4 1050:2 1044:I 1039:) 1037:KB 1007:KB 996:KB 921:. 590:. 539:. 455:, 444:A 427:KB 327:no 295:, 1641:– 1631:e 1624:t 1617:v 1529:. 1503:. 1489:. 1408:. 1035:( 1025:) 1021:( 1009:) 1005:( 998:) 994:( 874:( 712:) 694:) 677:2 558:( 316:) 289:ÂŁ 279:) 262:1 112:) 106:( 101:) 97:( 87:· 80:· 73:· 66:· 39:.

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