191:) issued by individuals that stated that the loans were to be transferred to the courts as the law of remission does not apply to loans within the public domain. This groundbreaking institution benefited both borrower and lender; because lenders knew their money was safe even following the Sabbatical year, they were likely to loan to the poor.
157:, which is the year following seven cycles of Shmita). Among other things, the departure of the Sabbatical year cancels all debts. This is one of the many laws in the Torah meant to protect the poor and disadvantaged, affording them a chance to escape from eternal debt.
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Conversely, the law harmed the lenders who would never be reimbursed once the
Sabbatical year ended to remit all debts. The wealthy refused to loan money during the latter years of the seven-year cycle, refusing the poor even a temporary opportunity to make ends meet.
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institution of the release of all debts every seventh year." There is a major debate in the Talmud whether rabbis have the authority to uproot from the Torah and the issue of
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does not apply when
Israelites are dispersed, Hillel, great as he was, would not have changed a law of the Torah in order to fit the needs of his time. He and his
175:, Torah commandments, that require magnanimity to the poor, including one within the aforementioned passage in Deuteronomy. The rabbis, under the suggestion of
116:. The writ, issued historically by rabbis, changed the status of individual private loans into the public administration, which made them ineligible for
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year is commanded by the Torah only when the majority of Jews are based in the Land of Israel. Thus, when they are dispersed around the world,
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The rabbis of the time found the state of affairs to be both a major challenge to the status quo and a violation of numerous
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so its observance will not be forgotten (prior to the entire Jewish people's eventual return to the land of Israel).
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cannot be used to get around the fact that Torah prohibited carrying in the public domain.
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440:. Vol. 2. Singer, M.H. (translator). London: The Soncino Press. pp. 143–144.
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Jewish News Weekly of
Northern California. August 9, 1996, accessed September 7, 2017.
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chapter 9, when most Jews again live in the Land of Israel and the observance of the
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enacted their own law that while in the Land of Israel Jews must continue to observe
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legal instrument and specifies how it is drawn up in a court when the loan is made.
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expressed their astonishment at the fact that Hillel dared to abrogate the
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would have enacted a rabbinic exception to a rabbinic law. As
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will no longer be able to be used. According to this theory,
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is one of the first examples of this debate being tested.
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Re'eh: How Hillel
Created Precedent For Changing Law
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153:every seventh year (not to be confused with the
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222:was groundbreaking and controversial. "Later
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492:Truth about document called the prozbul
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535:Greek words and phrases in Jewish law
284:years are Toraitic commandments, the
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258:Thus, if one would agree that
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16:Rabbinic writ regarding loans
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189:forbidden in the Torah
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132:Historical background
525:Second Temple period
218:The practice of the
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456:Jewish Encyclopedia
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468:Babylonian Talmud
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315:, just as
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270:Maimonides
185:Jewish law
272:noted in
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110:Jerusalem
323:See also
265:beth din
202:and the
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101:προσβολή
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452:Prosbul
301:Prozbul
292:, like
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282:Jubilee
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225:Amoraim
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317:`eruv
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