172:
671:
393:
307:
47:
729:
365:. These provinces came into effect on 17 January 1853 and the regulations defining the boundaries of the provinces were gazetted on 28 February. Electoral regulations were gazetted on 5 March. As with general elections, elections were open to males 21 years or older who owned freehold property worth £50 a year. The
706:
policy of immigration and public works schemes of the 1870s, borrowing the massive sum of 10 million pounds, to develop significant infrastructure of roads, railways, and communications, all administered by the central government. This diminished the power of the provinces greatly. The provinces were
422:
Provinces established under this act elected their superintendents in a different way. Members of the provincial council would elect a suitable person listed on the electoral roll as superintendent by a majority. If such a person was an elected member, this would result in a by-election to fill the
655:
The provinces have broken down because of their coming into conflict with the colonial government on many points, and especially on points of finance. Their doom was only a question of time, when it became obvious that they could not raise their own revenue; that they had to look to the general
388:
The
Constitution Act provided for the creation of additional provinces, and when the spread of European settlements between the original centres of the provincial governments and the outlying settlers grew, the General Assembly passed the New Provinces Act 1858.
139:
the provinces were recreated around the six planned settlements or "colonies". By 1873 the number of provinces had increased to nine, but they had become less isolated from each other and demands for centralised government arose. In 1875 the
256:
arrived in New
Zealand in November 1845, and upon reading the new Constitution Act in May 1847 argued for its suspension in dispatches to the Colonial Office. Before this occurred, Grey proclaimed the provincial boundaries on 10 March 1848:
830:
out of the old provinces. The former boundaries of the provinces served as administrative areas for the education boards set up under the
Education Act of 1877 and for the offices of several Government Departments, including the
825:
Upon the abolition of the provinces, they took the legal status of provincial districts, which had no administrative functions. Local government was vested in elected borough and county councils. The
Counties Bill of 1876 created
682:: "Centralists", favouring a strong central government and "Provincialists", favouring strong regional governments. The Centralist members of the General Assembly regarded the provinces as inherently self-interested, and prone to
283:
The 1846 Constitution Act was suspended in early 1848, with the only operative provisions relating to the reform of the provinces. News of the suspension did not reach New
Zealand until 23 March 1848, when the immigrant ship
1162:
rather than rural or use the phrase 'out in the provinces,' in order to refer to the countryside. These terms can often be heard on national television networks, particularly on weather broadcasts.
694:
being built to "broad" gauge, Southland's railways being built to "standard" gauge. As a result, the Public Works Act of 1870 standardised the gauge to be used, and Otago's first railway, the
846:
for
Auckland, Hamilton, Hawkes Bay, Taranaki, Wanganui, Wellington, Nelson, Westland, Southland, Canterbury and Otago districts. In 1989 the counties were replaced by enlarged
962:
in 2006, although the term "provincial" is still used in connection with rugby for the present 29 unions whether founded in the 1880s (e.g. Otago) or 2006 (Tasman).
932:: Auckland†, Taranaki†, Hawkes' Bay†, Wellington†, Marlborough†, Nelson†, Canterbury†, Canterbury (South), Westland†, Otago†, Southland† and Chatham Islands.
377:
had issued the writs for the provincial and general elections at the same time, the provincial councils met before the general assembly met, in May 1854.
404:
of land with a
European population of no fewer than 1,000 people to petition for separation provided that at least 60% of electors agreed. As a result,
1753:
1296:
686:
politics. In the construction of railways, for example, three of the provinces had constructed railways (as was the case in
Australia) to different
857:
of
Auckland (North), Auckland (South), Hawkes Bay, Gisborne, Taranaki, Wellington, Canterbury, Marlborough, Nelson, Westland, Otago and Southland.
1725:
1406:
1916:
1635:
678:
Almost as soon as they were founded, New
Zealand's provinces were the subject of protracted political debate. Two factions emerged in the
419:
Stewart Island/Rakiura, which had since 1853 not been part of any province, was annexed to the province of Southland on 10 November 1863.
1911:
1578:
946:, for example, the Manawatū-Whanganui region is largely in the Wellington provincial district. The districts are represented by teams in
793:
1901:
765:
746:
1213:
772:
1746:
159:. Their principal legacy is the use of some provincial boundaries to determine the geographical boundaries for anniversary day
1465:
1048:
Some of the names of former provinces and current regions have a tendency to be preceded by "the". Thus, for example, we have
1624:
901:
366:
1158:
Another usage of words associated with the former provinces often refers to anything rural, e.g. one may refer to a town as
1906:
679:
362:
779:
885:
1896:
1739:
1679:
1645:
1383:
812:
761:
370:
315:
249:
136:
245:
1556:
1348:
905:
889:
358:
354:
144:
decided to abolish the provincial governments, and they came to an end in November 1876. They were superseded by
346:
who was not a member of the council. The councils elected their speaker at their first meeting after elections.
929:
913:
832:
750:
691:
160:
1551:
994:
318:. This Act established a quasi-federal system of government and divided the country into the six provinces of
966:
881:
873:
865:
708:
179:
in 1842, naming the North Island "New Ulster", South Island "New Munster" and Stewart Island "New Leinster."
343:
1375:
380:
The New Zealand Constitution Amendment Act 1857 provided for the appointment of a deputy superintendent.
909:
869:
674:
Map of provinces at the time of their abolition. These units were later renamed "provincial districts".
1413:
959:
786:
656:
government to supply deficiencies; and that they could not borrow without the colony becoming liable.
202:
of November 1840 stated that the islands of New Zealand were "designated and known respectively" as:
1728:– Welcome to the Hocken Bulletin No.31 March 2000, Friends of the Hocking Collections – Dunedin 2000
1547:
1343:
1339:
847:
1317:
1833:
1144:
1140:
897:
893:
861:
827:
739:
479:
405:
149:
145:
112:
1715:
1651:
1616:
1152:
1088:
955:
943:
416:
from Otago on 1 April 1861. New Plymouth also changed its name to Taranaki under the same Act.
350:
230:
141:
120:
1702:
1582:
965:
Some of the names persist in other contexts as well, such as health administration districts:
1112:
323:
285:
226:
176:
108:
67:
1838:
1807:
1781:
1104:
877:
695:
589:
571:
531:
521:
503:
409:
216:
128:
295:
In addition, the provinces were separated from the central government for the first time.
8:
1863:
1828:
1802:
1776:
1493:
1132:
715:. For the purposes of the Act, the provinces formally ceased to exist on 1 January 1877.
563:
495:
469:
451:
342:. Each province elected its own legislature known as a provincial council, and elected a
335:
327:
277:
206:
132:
1853:
1610:
1209:
1136:
1120:
839:
698:, was built to the new "standard" narrow gauge. Colonial Treasurer (and later Premier)
599:
413:
253:
184:
171:
1875:
1858:
1823:
1675:
1641:
1620:
1612:
Acknowledge No Frontier – The Creation and Demise of New Zealand's Provinces, 1853–76
1379:
1124:
547:
461:
443:
319:
838:
Upon abolition, various responsibilities were delegated to boards. For example, the
1092:
1869:
1843:
1108:
1096:
513:
331:
192:
1159:
237:
These names were of geographic significance only. New Zealand became a separate
1848:
712:
581:
339:
1890:
1252:"An Encyclopaedia of New Zealand – New Leinster, New Munster, and New Ulster"
1128:
703:
289:
199:
1786:
1731:
699:
662:
238:
220:
210:
116:
1251:
400:
This Act allowed any district of between 500 thousand and 3 million acres
1466:"A Bill to provide for the Establishment of new Provinces in New Zealand"
947:
687:
683:
374:
269:
262:
188:
864:
was formed in 1892 with foundation members principally being provinces:
1672:
New Zealand Birth Certificates – 50 of New Zealand's Founding Documents
753: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
124:
670:
392:
306:
46:
1667:
707:
finally abolished by the Abolition of Provinces Act 1875, during the
998:
728:
1116:
1018:
1014:
982:
970:
1720:
1522:
1412:. Friends of the Hocken Collections. 21 March 2000. Archived from
1042:
1030:
1100:
951:
990:
1540:
1038:
853:
The Department of Lands and Survey split the country into the
1148:
986:
252:, which allowed for the establishment of provinces. Governor
1637:
The Governors: New Zealand's Governors and Governors-General
1026:
904:. At the time, three major South Island Provincial Unions –
1699:, McIntyre and Gardner (Eds), 1971, Oxford University Press
1034:
1022:
978:
974:
1460:
1458:
1344:"Provinces and provincial districts: Foundation of system"
1010:
1006:
1002:
1509:
Appendix to the Journals of the House of Representatives
1455:
115:. Initially established in 1846 when New Zealand was a
1472:. Vol. 1, no. 49. 28 August 1858. p. 2
1320:. Vol. IX, no. 791. 2 March 1853. p. 3
1192:
1190:
1188:
1233:
1231:
301:
1721:
List at Rulers site with provincial superintendents
1443:
1431:
1277:
272:
mouth, the South Island and Stewart Island/Rakiura)
155:Following abolition, the provinces became known as
1491:Lloyd Esler (4 November 2010). "About the South".
1318:"New Zealand Spectator and Cook's Strait Guardian"
1265:
1185:
649:
16:Divisions of the Crown colony in the Pacific Ocean
1401:
1399:
1397:
1395:
1228:
1888:
1091:and most of their councils came about in 1989:
916:† – resisted the central authority of the NZRU.
298:New Ulster and New Munster had their own seals.
131:) were first created. Each province had its own
1716:Text of the Abolition of the Provinces Act 1876
919:
1392:
935:† indicates it reflects an original province.
408:separated from Wellington on 1 November 1858;
191:became a British colony, initially as part of
1747:
1697:Speeches and Documents on New Zealand History
1761:
1490:
268:New Munster (the North Island south of the
261:New Ulster (the North Island, north of the
1754:
1740:
166:
1703:Story: Colonial and provincial government
1546:
1338:
813:Learn how and when to remove this message
383:
1705:Te Ara – The Encyclopedia of New Zealand
1407:"New Zealand's Nine Provinces (1853–76)"
669:
391:
305:
170:
1372:Canterbury Provincial Council Buildings
1214:New Zealand Legal Information Institute
292:to begin European settlement of Otago.
1889:
1726:New Zealand’s Nine Provinces (1853–76)
1633:
1369:
1283:
280:, appointed by the Governor-in-Chief.
135:and governor. With the passing of the
1917:1876 disestablishments in New Zealand
1735:
1608:
1449:
1437:
1271:
1196:
1666:
1249:
1237:
751:adding citations to reliable sources
722:
624:Renamed Taranaki from 1 January 1859
412:from Nelson on 1 November 1859; and
1640:. Dunedin: Otago University Press.
1363:
13:
1912:1841 establishments in New Zealand
1690:
369:were held at the same time as the
241:from New South Wales in May 1841.
14:
1928:
1709:
633:Independent county 1 January 1868
316:New Zealand Constitution Act 1852
314:New provinces were formed by the
302:Responsible Government: 1853–1876
137:New Zealand Constitution Act 1852
1902:Political history of New Zealand
960:National Provincial Championship
942:boundaries from the present day
727:
349:The Act also created a national
45:
1601:
1571:
1557:An Encyclopaedia of New Zealand
1523:"New Zealand Provinces 1848–77"
1515:
1501:
1484:
1349:An Encyclopaedia of New Zealand
738:needs additional citations for
650:Abolition of Provinces Act 1875
636:
627:
618:
148:, which were later replaced by
1332:
1310:
1289:
1243:
1202:
1023:Capital and Coast (Wellington)
930:public holidays in New Zealand
833:Department of Lands and Survey
718:
692:Canterbury Provincial Railways
1:
1175:† indicates an old province.
1165:
958:, both of which replaced the
938:The provincial districts had
1178:
1170:
920:Modern uses of the old names
250:New Zealand Constitution Act
7:
1907:Constitution of New Zealand
1376:Canterbury Regional Council
1297:"Provincial arms and seals"
926:Provincial Anniversary Days
361:) and the directly elected
310:Map of provinces after 1852
10:
1933:
1609:Brett, André (June 2016).
1511:, 1876, p. B-2, p. 12
762:"Provinces of New Zealand"
367:first provincial elections
1816:
1795:
1769:
87:
73:
63:
55:
44:
28:
23:
1897:Provinces of New Zealand
1763:Provinces of New Zealand
1250:Hare, Mclintock (1966).
363:House of Representatives
1210:"Royal Charter of 1840"
862:New Zealand Rugby Union
167:Crown Colony: 1841–1853
150:territorial authorities
113:sub-national government
1634:McLean, Gavin (2006).
1617:Otago University Press
1552:"Provincial districts"
1089:regions of New Zealand
956:Heartland Championship
675:
668:
397:
384:New Provinces Act 1858
371:1853 general elections
311:
231:Stewart Island/Rakiura
180:
142:New Zealand Parliament
121:responsible government
1370:Wilson, John (1991).
1003:Tairawhiti (Gisborne)
999:MidCentral (Manawatu)
991:Lakes (Rotorua/Taupo)
696:Port Chalmers railway
673:
653:
395:
309:
177:Colony of New Zealand
174:
111:existed as a form of
109:Colony of New Zealand
68:Colony of New Zealand
1027:Nelson (Marlborough)
747:improve this article
410:Marlborough Province
406:Hawke's Bay Province
276:Each province had a
157:provincial districts
37:Provincial Districts
1579:"Provincial Unions"
1494:The Southland Times
661:Colonial Treasurer
642:Reunited with Otago
355:Legislative Council
278:Lieutenant-Governor
133:legislative council
1470:Hawke's Bay Herald
1419:on 5 February 2011
1216:. 18 November 1840
1121:Manawatu-Whanganui
840:Education Act 1877
704:Great Public Works
676:
414:Southland Province
398:
357:(appointed by the
353:consisting of the
312:
246:British Parliament
185:Treaty of Waitangi
181:
1884:
1883:
1626:978-1-927322-36-9
1078:the Bay of Plenty
848:district councils
823:
822:
815:
797:
614:
613:
438:Dissolution date
402:(2,000–12,000 km)
396:Provinces in 1861
373:. While Governor
248:passed the first
123:, two provinces (
101:
100:
51:Provinces in 1858
1924:
1756:
1749:
1742:
1733:
1732:
1698:
1685:
1663:
1661:
1659:
1650:. Archived from
1630:
1595:
1594:
1592:
1590:
1585:on 22 April 2017
1581:. Archived from
1575:
1569:
1568:
1566:
1564:
1544:
1538:
1537:
1535:
1533:
1519:
1513:
1512:
1505:
1499:
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1488:
1482:
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1479:
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1462:
1453:
1447:
1441:
1435:
1429:
1428:
1426:
1424:
1418:
1411:
1403:
1390:
1389:
1374:. Christchurch:
1367:
1361:
1360:
1358:
1356:
1336:
1330:
1329:
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1325:
1314:
1308:
1307:
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1303:
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1247:
1241:
1235:
1226:
1225:
1223:
1221:
1206:
1200:
1194:
1043:Southern (Otago)
1039:South Canterbury
979:Counties Manukau
902:South Canterbury
844:Education Boards
818:
811:
807:
804:
798:
796:
755:
731:
723:
680:General Assembly
666:
643:
640:
634:
631:
625:
622:
594:1 November 1876
586:17 January 1853
576:1 November 1876
568:17 January 1853
558:1 November 1876
552:1 December 1873
542:1 November 1876
536:1 November 1859
526:1 November 1876
518:17 January 1853
508:1 November 1876
500:17 January 1853
490:1 November 1876
484:1 November 1858
474:1 November 1876
466:17 January 1853
456:1 November 1876
448:17 January 1853
426:
425:
403:
351:General Assembly
49:
34:
21:
20:
1932:
1931:
1927:
1926:
1925:
1923:
1922:
1921:
1887:
1886:
1885:
1880:
1870:Westland County
1812:
1791:
1765:
1760:
1712:
1696:
1693:
1691:Further reading
1688:
1682:
1657:
1655:
1654:on 24 June 2013
1648:
1627:
1604:
1599:
1598:
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1586:
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1562:
1560:
1548:McLintock, A.H.
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1340:McLintock, A.H.
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732:
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646:
641:
637:
632:
628:
623:
619:
610:5 October 1870
401:
386:
304:
193:New South Wales
169:
161:public holidays
97:
94:1 November 1876
83:
50:
40:
32:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1930:
1920:
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1914:
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1710:External links
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1550:, ed. (1966).
1539:
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1342:, ed. (1966).
1331:
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344:superintendent
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286:John Wickliffe
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183:Following the
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33:Also known as:
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1681:9780958299718
1677:
1674:. AUT Media.
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1647:1-877372-25-0
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1471:
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1459:
1452:, p. 68.
1451:
1446:
1440:, p. 61.
1439:
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1385:1-86937-135-6
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1377:
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1366:
1351:
1350:
1345:
1341:
1335:
1319:
1313:
1298:
1292:
1286:, p. 44.
1285:
1280:
1274:, p. 40.
1273:
1268:
1253:
1246:
1240:, p. 66.
1239:
1234:
1232:
1215:
1211:
1205:
1199:, p. 41.
1198:
1193:
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1126:
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1106:
1105:Bay of Plenty
1102:
1098:
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987:Bay of Plenty
984:
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949:
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924:Some current
917:
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764: –
763:
759:
758:Find sources:
752:
748:
742:
741:
736:This section
734:
730:
725:
724:
716:
714:
710:
705:
702:launched his
701:
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290:Port Chalmers
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200:Royal Charter
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58:
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48:
43:
36:
31:
30:
27:
22:
19:
1868:
1787:New Leinster
1762:
1671:
1656:. Retrieved
1652:the original
1636:
1611:
1602:Bibliography
1587:. Retrieved
1583:the original
1573:
1561:. Retrieved
1555:
1542:
1530:. Retrieved
1526:
1517:
1508:
1503:
1497:. p. 9.
1492:
1486:
1474:. Retrieved
1469:
1445:
1433:
1421:. Retrieved
1414:the original
1371:
1365:
1353:. Retrieved
1347:
1334:
1322:. Retrieved
1312:
1300:. Retrieved
1291:
1279:
1267:
1257:25 September
1255:. Retrieved
1245:
1220:25 September
1218:. Retrieved
1204:
1174:
1157:
1087:The current
1086:
1081:
1077:
1074:the Manawatu
1073:
1069:
1065:
1061:
1057:
1053:
1049:
1047:
964:
939:
937:
934:
925:
923:
859:
854:
852:
843:
842:created the
837:
824:
809:
803:October 2017
800:
790:
783:
776:
769:
757:
745:Please help
740:verification
737:
700:Julius Vogel
688:track gauges
677:
663:Julius Vogel
654:
638:
629:
620:
462:New Plymouth
435:Formed from
432:Formed date
421:
418:
399:
387:
379:
348:
324:New Plymouth
313:
297:
294:
282:
275:
244:In 1846 the
243:
239:Crown Colony
236:
227:New Leinster
221:South Island
211:North Island
197:
182:
156:
154:
117:Crown colony
104:
102:
18:
1839:Marlborough
1834:Hawke's Bay
1808:New Munster
1782:New Munster
1615:. Dunedin:
1532:30 November
1284:McLean 2006
1137:Marlborough
1113:Hawke's Bay
1070:the Waikato
1062:Marlborough
1058:Hawke's Bay
1019:Hutt Valley
995:Hawke's Bay
948:rugby union
898:Marlborough
870:Hawke's Bay
828:63 counties
719:Replacement
709:Premiership
684:pork-barrel
590:New Munster
572:New Munster
555:Canterbury
532:Marlborough
522:New Munster
504:New Munster
487:Wellington
480:Hawke's Bay
375:George Grey
288:arrived in
270:Patea River
263:Patea River
254:George Grey
217:New Munster
189:New Zealand
175:Map of the
129:New Munster
1891:Categories
1864:Wellington
1829:Canterbury
1803:New Ulster
1777:New Ulster
1668:Moon, Paul
1658:12 October
1563:8 February
1527:Rulers.org
1450:Brett 2016
1438:Brett 2016
1324:12 October
1302:12 October
1272:Brett 2016
1197:Brett 2016
1166:References
1160:provincial
1145:Canterbury
1141:West Coast
1125:Wellington
1066:Wellington
1054:Canterbury
1035:Canterbury
1031:West Coast
928:are still
906:Canterbury
890:Wellington
773:newspapers
564:Canterbury
496:Wellington
470:New Ulster
452:New Ulster
336:Canterbury
328:Wellington
207:New Ulster
125:New Ulster
80:3 May 1841
1854:Southland
1817:1853–1876
1796:1846–1853
1770:1841–1846
1238:Moon 2010
1179:Citations
1171:Footnotes
1153:Southland
1093:Northland
1015:Wairarapa
1011:Whanganui
971:Waitemata
967:Northland
940:different
914:Southland
886:Wairarapa
600:Southland
429:Province
423:vacancy.
187:in 1840,
105:provinces
88:Abolished
59:Provinces
24:Provinces
1876:Westland
1859:Taranaki
1824:Auckland
1670:(2010).
1117:Taranaki
1109:Gisborne
1097:Auckland
1050:Auckland
1007:Taranaki
975:Auckland
882:Wanganui
878:Manawatu
874:Taranaki
866:Auckland
659:—
548:Westland
444:Auckland
359:governor
320:Auckland
146:counties
119:without
64:Location
56:Category
1476:10 July
1355:13 June
1151:† and
1101:Waikato
983:Waikato
952:ITM Cup
944:regions
787:scholar
690:, with
539:Nelson
107:of the
74:Created
1844:Nelson
1678:
1644:
1623:
1382:
1133:Nelson
1129:Tasman
1080:, and
1068:, but
912:† and
900:† and
894:Nelson
789:
782:
775:
768:
760:
665:, 1876
607:Otago
514:Nelson
338:, and
332:Nelson
265:mouth)
1849:Otago
1589:9 May
1423:9 May
1417:(PDF)
1410:(PDF)
1149:Otago
910:Otago
794:JSTOR
780:books
582:Otago
340:Otago
219:(the
209:(the
1676:ISBN
1660:2020
1642:ISBN
1621:ISBN
1591:2017
1565:2016
1534:2020
1478:2010
1425:2007
1380:ISBN
1357:2018
1326:2020
1304:2020
1259:2020
1222:2020
1147:†,
1143:†,
1139:†,
1135:†,
1127:†,
1119:†,
1115:†,
1103:,
1099:†,
1064:and
1041:and
954:and
860:The
766:news
198:The
127:and
103:The
1155:†.
1131:,
1123:,
1111:,
1107:,
1095:,
1045:†.
1037:†,
1033:†,
1029:†,
1025:†,
997:†,
977:†,
950:'s
908:†,
896:†,
892:†,
876:†,
872:†,
868:†,
749:by
711:of
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1525:.
1468:.
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1212:.
1187:^
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1076:,
1072:,
1060:,
1056:,
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1017:,
1013:,
1009:,
1005:,
1001:,
993:,
989:,
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969:,
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850:.
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330:,
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322:,
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163:.
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1629:.
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1261:.
1224:.
816:)
810:(
805:)
801:(
791:·
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777:·
770:·
743:.
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229:(
223:)
213:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
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