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331:, multiple layers of durable, water resistant plastic material with insulated heating coils embedded inside (similar to underfloor heating systems, but with rubber mat instead of flooring). In extreme cold, gardeners place a loose plastic cover over the planters/mats which creates a sort of miniature
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Non-electric propagators (mainly a seed tray and a clear plastic lid) are a lot cheaper to purchase than a heated propagator, but without the constant regulated warmth and bottom heat provided by a heated propagator, growth of seedlings tends to be slower and less consistent (with increased risk of
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which need warmer environments (about 15°C, for the plants listed) in order to germinate. If excessive condensation forms on the inside of the lid, the gardener can open the ventilating holes to regulate the temperature a little.
172:. Plants are produced using material from a single parent and as such, there is no exchange of genetic material, therefore vegetative propagation methods almost always produce plants that are identical to the parent.
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Plant propagation is vital to agriculture and horticulture, not just for human food production but also for forest and fibre crops, as well as traditional and herbal medicine. It is also important for plant breeding.
136:, do not produce seeds until they reach maturity, which may take many years. Seeds can be difficult to acquire, and some plants do not produce seed at all. Some plants (like certain plants modified using
335:. The constant and predictable heat allows people to raise seedlings in the winter months when the weather is generally too cold for seedlings to survive naturally outside. When combined with a
373:
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59:; for vegetative parts, it happens after detachment or pruning; for asexually-reproducing plants, such as strawberry, it happens as the new plant develops from existing parts.
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In some plants, seeds can be produced without fertilization and the seeds contain only the genetic material of the parent plant. Therefore, propagation via asexual seeds or
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has occurred. A plant grown from seeds may have different characteristics from its parents. Some species produce seeds that require special conditions to germinate, such as
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140:) may produce seed, but not a fertile seed. In certain cases, this is done to prevent the accidental spreading of these plants, for example by birds and other animals.
291:, which is essential in successful seed germination and in helping cuttings to take root. In colder climates they are sometimes used for plants like peppers and
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323:. The mats are made so that planters containing seedlings can be placed on top of the metal cage without the risk of starting a
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339:, many plants can be grown indoors using these mats. This can increase the variety of plants that a gardener can use.
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Propagation typically occurs as a step in the overall cycle of plant growth. For seeds, it happens after ripening and
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A heated propagator is a horticultural device to maintain a warm and damp environment for seeds and
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to grow in. They generally provide bottom heat (maintained at a particular temperature) and high
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Electric propagator, filled with pepper plant seedlings, in front of a house window.
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Wang, Wenle; Xu, Jinfan; Fang, Huiyong; Li, Zhijun; Li, Minhui (2020-09-01).
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west require smoke or fire to germinate. Some plant species, including many
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Plant roots, stems, and leaves have a number of mechanisms for asexual or
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is the process by which new plants grow from various sources, including
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Hybrids of plant species being sterile, hybrids of same species are not
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Selection methods in plant breeding based on mode of reproduction
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564:. University of North Carolina Press. pp. Chapter - 13.
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694:"What Does A Heat Mat Do – Using A Heat Mat For Seedlings"
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North
Carolina Extension Gardener Handbook: Second Edition
190:
Softwood stem cuttings rooting in a controlled environment
1375:
616:"13 heated propagators for nurturing your plants in 2023"
722:
Reference Guide to plant care handling and merchandising
558:
Moore, Kathleen A.; Bradley, Lucy K. (February 2022).
449:"Advances and challenges in medicinal plant breeding"
668:"5 Best Seedling Heat Mats For Faster Germination"
1858:
194:Techniques for vegetative propagation include:
780:
160:, which horticulturists employ to multiply or
766:
152:Rose cuttings under plastic bottle greenhouse
1642:List of organic gardening and farming topics
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446:
319:mat covered by a metal cage that is used in
62:Countless plants are propagated each day in
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496:"Plant breeding: past, present and future"
544:GMO plant made to produce infertile seeds
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29:
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14:
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736:The Complete Book of Plant Propagation
641:"Heated propagators: tried and tested"
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112:reproduction within a species because
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108:). Seeds are typically produced from
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666:Sheehan, Lindsay (6 January 2021).
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104:can be used for reproduction (e.g.
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138:genetic use restriction technology
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692:Dyer, Mary H. (5 October 2022).
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179:is asexual reproduction but not
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465:10.1016/j.plantsci.2020.110573
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424:"Vegetative plant propagation"
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394:Propagation of Christmas trees
13:
1:
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300:seeds failing to germinate).
27:Process of growing new plants
620:BBC Gardeners World Magazine
37:seedlings in a plant nursery
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1673:Index of pesticide articles
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164:plants rapidly, such as in
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817:Climate-friendly gardening
733:Charles W. Heuser (1997).
494:Bradshaw, John E. (2017).
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1693:Plant disease forecasting
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1647:Vegan organic agriculture
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1497:Genetically modified tree
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512:10.1007/s10681-016-1815-y
379:Propagation of grapevines
124:and plants from southern
1872:Horticultural techniques
86:One way to germinate an
386:is an ornamental tree (
327:. Another example is a
158:vegetative reproduction
1632:Biodynamic agriculture
1569:Postharvest physiology
1517:Landscape architecture
1214:Indonesian home garden
359:Fruit tree propagation
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218:fruit tree propagation
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181:vegetative propagation
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879:Historic conservation
591:"Asexual Propagation"
384:Weeping willow (tree)
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114:genetic recombination
94:Further information:
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1809:Gardening portal
1708:Aquamog weed remover
1683:List of insecticides
428:Science Learning Hub
313:seed-propagation mat
304:Seed propagation mat
260:Striking or cuttings
120:. The seeds of many
390:and related hybrids
144:Asexual propagation
1867:Plant reproduction
1678:List of fungicides
1443:Companion planting
698:Gardening Know How
645:The English Garden
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78:Sexual propagation
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1882:Forest management
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1726:Community orchard
1552:drought tolerance
739:. Taunton Press.
647:. 17 January 2018
571:978-1-4696-6973-1
369:Recalcitrant seed
329:seedling heat mat
271:Heated propagator
216:, widely used in
122:Australian plants
42:Plant propagation
16:(Redirected from
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1492:Fruticulture
1470:Floriculture
1399:Permaculture
1386:Horticulture
782:Horticulture
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1614:Monoculture
1609:Viticulture
1587:agriculture
1547:propagation
1487:Hügelkultur
1409:sustainable
1394:Agriculture
1336:Therapeutic
1316:Shakespeare
1127:Renaissance
919:Xeriscaping
914:Sustainable
909:Square foot
899:Proplifting
864:Garden tool
832:Foodscaping
578:Read online
399:Hemerochory
96:Germination
68:agriculture
18:Propagating
1861:Categories
1507:Indigenous
1404:stock-free
1376:Zoological
1256:Pollinator
1149:Greenhouse
1092:Sharawadgi
1080:Vietnamese
1041:East Asian
949:Australian
904:Raised bed
869:Green wall
745:1561582344
703:17 October
677:17 October
651:18 October
625:18 October
459:: 110573.
433:2021-06-15
410:References
333:greenhouse
293:sweet peas
100:Seeds and
1778:Perennial
1741:Floristry
1688:Pesticide
1668:Herbicide
1663:Fungicide
1557:hardiness
1321:Shrubbery
1301:Sculpture
1122:landscape
1051:Cantonese
1026:Container
1021:Community
989:Byzantine
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874:Guerrilla
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812:Butterfly
807:Arboretum
802:Allotment
794:Gardening
786:gardening
520:0014-2336
500:Euphytica
473:0168-9452
321:gardening
235:(runners)
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1877:Agronomy
1821:Category
1731:Features
1637:Grafting
1597:forestry
1579:Tropical
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1532:breeding
1366:Wildlife
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1234:Paradise
1229:Charbagh
1199:Monastic
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1104:Floating
1058:Japanese
1009:Communal
999:Colonial
964:Biblical
929:Types of
894:Parterre
481:32771174
343:See also
310:electric
289:humidity
285:cuttings
255:rhizomes
241:such as
210:Grafting
205:Division
200:layering
177:apomixis
170:grafting
130:American
128:and the
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1833:Commons
1746:Ikebana
1698:Pruning
1624:Organic
1574:Roguing
1460:Cutting
1351:Victory
1326:Spanish
1306:Sensory
1251:Prairie
1219:Persian
1209:Orchard
1174:Kitchen
1169:Keyhole
1164:Italian
1159:Islamic
1154:Hanging
1113:French
1099:Fernery
1087:English
1046:Chinese
1031:Cottage
959:Baroque
931:gardens
884:History
600:9 April
233:Stolons
228:Offsets
88:avocado
35:Gentian
1583:Urban
1480:Taiwan
1475:Canada
1438:Botany
1431:Saikei
1426:Bonsai
1371:Winter
1356:Walled
1291:School
1286:Sacred
1241:Physic
1204:Mughal
1184:Market
1139:German
1117:formal
1109:Flower
1075:Korean
994:Cactus
979:Bottle
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889:Native
842:Garden
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253:, and
251:tubers
126:Africa
110:sexual
106:sowing
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1361:Water
1341:Trial
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1271:Roman
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1004:Color
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243:bulbs
162:clone
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1448:Crop
1281:Rose
1276:Roof
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1261:Rain
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1189:Mary
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1063:Roji
954:Back
784:and
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602:2022
566:ISBN
516:ISSN
477:PMID
469:ISSN
325:fire
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