Princess Louise of Belgium

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nature of their opinions probably constitutes an obstacle to a formal conclusion. Beine sees "an abusive maneuver the princess is led to give her written consent to this stay in a nursing home, which turns out from the first day to be interned in a mental institution". The last expertise of 1904–1905 concluded that there was no need for internment and guardianship. The reason given in favor of the internment finds its sources in the grievances of her family about her affair with Geza Mattachich and in an obscure case of unpaid drafts against a background of forgery. To conclude, Beine declares: "The lavishness of the princess did not, from the documents provided today, have its origin in a mental disorder such as to justify her internment".

414: 1164:. His goal was not only to deprive his daughters of it, but also to allow his town-planning projects to continue. Louise was determined to receive her share of the paternal inheritance. The Belgian state offered a financial transaction to the three princesses, who would each receive a sum of 2 million francs. While Stéphanie and Clémentine accepted the proposal, Louise refused it and intended, in December 1910, a first trial against the State and her two sisters. In April 1911, Louise initiated a second lawsuit concerning the French companies created by Léopold II. In 1912, Louise, with the help of her sister Stéphanie, who had become her ally, was defended by 803: 1516: 1206:. Louise wrote: "The war surprised me in Vienna. Until the first hostilities, I could not bring myself to believe it I was, from the first day of the war, "enemy subject" for the court of Vienna, too happy to find an opportunity of still stand out in my regard. I was invited to leave the territory of the double monarchy as quickly as possible. The President of Police came, in person, to notify me of this judgment I left for Belgium. Events stopped me in Munich. The German army blocked the road and my homeland was to experience the horrors for which Prussia was initially responsible". Up to August 1916, Louise and Geza lived in 1239: 470: 754:, where the wedding night turned out to be a fiasco. Louise describes her setbacks in her memoirs: "I am not the first who, victim of an excessive reserve based, perhaps, on the hope that the delicacy of the husband and the maternal nature will agree to arrange everything, learns nothing of a mother, of what to hear when the hour of the shepherd strikes. Still, having come at the end of the wedding evening at the Château de Laeken, and while all of Brussels danced to the interior and exterior lights of national joys, I fell from the sky on a bed of rocks lined with thorns. 864: 43: 811:

blue curtained panes behind which I never wanted to look! In the middle of this paradise, an immense display case full of the prince's travel memories: stuffed birds with long beaks, weapons, bronzes, ivories, Buddhas, pagodas. My heart was lifted!". In this setting that she didn't like, Philipp and his mother Clémentine decided everything. Louise did not adapt to this new life: If her father-in-law was a self-effacing man, Princess Clémentine was a woman of character and a possessive mother who bluntly imposed her lifestyle on her 17-year-old daughter-in-law.

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guilders and on two other bills of exchange, dated Budapest on 25 September 1897, one for 100,000, the other for 150,000 florins. Mattachich was convicted of fraud and of having gone abroad without authorization . He was stripped of the nobiliary title attached to his person, removed from his officer rank, and sentenced to six years of solitary confinement, aggravated by one day of fasting on the 15th of each month and one day in camp bed on the 25th of each month and in absolute isolation the first and seventh months of each year that his sentence would last.

1222:. Declared insolvent, she helplessly attended the auction of all her effects. She was forced to take a room in a small villa in town and survived thanks to a few occasional interventions from her daughter Dorothea and her sister Stéphanie. One day, she received a visit from a messenger from Geza who succeeded in taking her out of Austria and settling her in Budapest. Geza, still imprisoned, however managed to pay her short visits, and contacts with Stéphanie were reborn. In April 1919, Louise returned to Vienna because she had to leave Hungary on the orders of 1073:(lunch lady) in the Möllersdorf penitentiary where Geza was being held. She joined him in June 1899, managed to gain his trust, and became his mistress. To obtain her lover's release, she activated effectively with legal advisers before being retired from prison in June 1901. However, she lived near the prison and promoted the publication of press articles in favor of her lover. On 27 August 1902, Geza was pardoned and released. Geza was interviewed in January 1903 by the French journalist and publisher 1092: 1107:), a real plea in favor of Louise's release. Mattachich related the circumstances of Louise's internment, her unhappy childhood between disunited parents, and the marriage which was imposed on her, placing her in an ambiguous situation at the court of Vienna, obliged to comply with the ceremonial, but where she had become "victim of the intrigues of the court". The work, also translated into French, met with little success in Europe and was seized and banned in the Austro-Hungarian Empire. 731: 831:(born 30 April 1881); in addition, Louise suffered two miscarriages in 1886 and 1888. These two births, however, did not bring the couple, who quarreled frequently, close. Louise became more and more hostile, multiplying the tantrums towards her husband and not enjoying her role as mother. From 1887, her children were brought up separately in order to receive an adapted program: Leopold Clement came under the authority of a tutor, while Dorothea was entrusted to a governess. 939: 1330:, Louise immediately affirms her Belgian patriotism (always hoping for a return to her native country) then recounts her eventful existence and draws up interesting portraits, obviously subjective, of members of her family and of the European sovereigns she has met during her lifetime. This work offers first-hand testimony to the royal courts, some of which have disappeared by the time the author describes them. She also settles the score there. She describes 544: 1058:, also near Vienna, where she received more favorable treatment than in Döbling. Following the publication of several articles in the Austrian press favorable to his wife, Philipp believed that his own situation in Austria could become delicate. He therefore decided to have Louise installed outside the Empire. On 17 June 1899, Louise therefore was transferred to another medical institution, this time located in Saxony, the 1305:. In the early afternoon of Saturday 1 March, she received a visit from a friend, Julius Fritz, who noticed that she was dying. Fritz set out to find a priest to administer the last rites to her, but when he returned with the clergyman, the two men could only note Louise's death at 2 p.m. in the afternoon. Three days later, after a very sober funeral ceremony, she was buried in the 1004: 995:. Philipp then tried to settle his wife's heavy debts, but he failed to fully meet the demands of the creditors. He addressed his father-in-law, King Leopold II, who refused to contribute anything. Finally, Emperor Franz Joseph I himself settled the debts from personal finances, causing the breakdown of relations between the King of the Belgians and the Emperor of Austria. 309:(Around the thrones that I saw fall) which also constitute a testimony of the life of the European courts. Prince Philippe, her ex-husband, died in 1921. In 1924, at the age of 66, Louise died in poverty, a year after her lover Mattachich. Her only surviving offspring was her daughter Dorothea, whom she no longer saw. The major memory she leaves in Belgium is the 727:

with the realities of down here?". She adds: "Healthy and pure, brought up in a beautiful balance of physical and moral health by the care of an incomparable mother, deprived by my rank, of more or less awake friends who make confidences, I gave myself all the energy of an ethereal confidence in the upcoming marriage, without realizing exactly what it could be".

363:, without consulting the groom and bride, whose interests were almost everything opposite: The Duke of Brabant was hardly attracted by family life and was passionate about the politics and economy of the Kingdom which he was about to reign, while Marie Henriette was a young woman versed in religion and interests limited to horseback riding, dogs and music. 1066:, where she enjoyed a villa in the park at her service and where she resided with her lady-in-waiting Anna von Gebauer and a maid, Olga Börner. During her years of internment, apart from her daughter Dorothea, whom she wanted to see again in February 1903, Louise did not receive any other visit from her relatives, not even Stéphanie. 762:. A sentry had seen . He ran to the castle . The Queen was not long in appearing. My mother stood beside me for a long time. She was as maternal as she could be. There is no pain which in his arms and in his voice, would not have calmed down. I listened to her scolding me, cuddling me, telling me about the duty I should understand". 975:

Their connection quickly became known, and the Emperor Franz Joseph I summoned Louise on this subject. He reminded her that she had a husband and advised her to travel and to abstain from appearing at the next court ball. From that day on, she was, in Mattachich's words, "just a fallen woman, without any support".

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for Leopold II, she wrote: "The man I see again when I think of the King is always the one whose silence frightened my childhood The King hardly took care of my sisters and me. His caresses were rare and brief. We were, in front of him, always impressed. He seemed to us much more a King than a father".

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where he heard about Louise's presence and presented himself to her at a ball. Also in love, Louise offered him the management of her stables and wanted him to give her riding lessons. In the spring of 1896, Mattachich became director of Louise's stables, who also mandated him to manage her finances.

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in 1876 as the daughter of a Czech soldier and a Croatian woman. Thanks to her father's various military assignments, she became multilingual. Married to Karl Stöger, she had a son, Oskar, born in 1897. After having been Geza Mattachich's mistress, in 1900 she gave birth to a second son, Alfred, who

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In 1894 Louise and her husband made a long journey to Egypt. She did not immediately appreciate the charms of the country where everything indisposed her: the noise, the crowd, the gloomy weather. She suffered from loneliness, but gradually, she began to enjoy herself, as evidenced by this letter to

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Louise recalled in her memoirs: "Marrying me had become an obsession with him. What kind of love inspired him? Was he enamored of the grace of my chaste youth, or did the precise notion of the King's situation and the future of his undertakings inflame with a positive fire the heart of a man in love

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If the school programs were incomplete, discipline was held in high esteem, as Louise relates: "Our mother raised us, my sisters and I, in the English way. Our rooms looked more like convent cells than princely apartments The Queen taught me, from a young age, to be able to do without servants". As

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From the time she was 6 years old, Louise had benefited from home schooling from teachers who provided her with various courses: French, English, German and Italian languages, and lessons in mathematics, horse riding, history, religion and music. However, the level of education of the princesses was

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The historian Olivier Defrance analyzed the "Döry affair" as having exacerbated all the Coburg couple's problems: "Louise's inexorable estrangement from her husband, the excessive interference of the family in the couple, mainly of the Queen of the Belgians and the depressed state of the princess".

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While Philipp still had feelings for Louise, the latter took advantage of her husband's absence to spend as much time as possible with Nicolas Döry. Simple flirtation had become an affair that Philipp tried to end with the help of his mother-in-law Marie Henriette. In August 1890, she received Döry

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on 10 May 1881. When Stéphanie settled down at the Austrian court, her mother Marie Henriette warned her: "Avoid Louise, and if you see her, reason with her, show her a good example Louise is not true. She is very frivolous". His marriage brought the Crown Prince even closer to the Coburgs, but if

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with Maria Stöger who joined them six months before, without suffering too much deprivation, but then financial resources dwindled. The annual pension of 50,000 francs paid to her by the Belgian state in her capacity as Princess of Belgium was cut, and Louise took out new loans. In April 1916, her

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The young couple argued regularly. Philipp wanted to transform his wife, who he saw as his property, and tried to introduce the young woman to a sexuality that she disapproved of by giving her daring books to read or by making her discover his erotic collection brought back from Japan. Louise took

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On 15 March 1875, Louise discovered her new residence and was deeply disappointed by it: "I was cold when I entered it. Looks great on the outside. It is gloomy inside . My room terrified me. Imagine a moderately large room, furnished halfway up the wall with small dark wood wardrobes, closed with

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In 1898, a few weeks after the duel, Philipp and the Emperor of Austria were determined to bring Louise back to Austria and remove her from Mattachich's influence. Supported in his designs by the Belgian sovereigns, Philipp then had his wife declared insane and convinced Emperor Franz Joseph I to

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and that if they had said insignificant things to each other, she had the impression of "knowing him well, and always have". She was looking forward to getting married. The betrothal, celebrated on 25 March 1874, lasted for a year because Louise was not of marriageable age, and, as both bride and

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Jean-Paul Beine who tries to answer the question: "Was Princess Louise of Belgium mad?". According to him, the psychiatrists who examined Louise played a leading role in the princess's internment. However, apart from the final expertise which made it possible to free the patient, the incomplete

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This first drama in the life of the young princess and of the entire Belgian royal family deeply affected Louise, who wrote in her memoirs: "It was a tear in my being . I dared, I remember, to curse God, to deny him . I could no longer conceive an existence without him". Louise's paternal uncle

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On 10 December 1865 King Leopold I, founder of the Belgian dynasty, died after a reign of 34 years. His son ascended to the throne under the name of Leopold II. For Louise and Leopold, aged 7 and 6 respectively, this new situation would bring about some changes in their daily life. The Count of

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The judgment rendered by the Imperial and Royal court of Zagreb was notified to Geza Mattachich on 31 December 1898 and stated that the accused was convinced of having forged the signatures of and on four bills of exchange dated from Presbourg on 15 June 1897, amounting to a total of 475,000

962:, nine years her junior, who became her great love and benefactor. From this first meeting, Louise fell under Mattachich's spell. She went daily to the Prater where she hoped to see him again, as well as to the Opera. The following year, Mattachich, recently promoted to First Lieutenant in the 822:

When Louise and her husband stayed in Brussels with the sovereigns in the summer of 1876, King Leopold II ignored his daughter. No doubt he learned of the marital disputes and heard of Louise's reputation in Vienna. The couple, disunited in their marriage, nevertheless had two children: a son,

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Louise was described by her father in this way: " is very wise, her face is already white and pink like her mother's. King Leopold I find it very pretty, I hope it will one day, but for now, I note only that it has large dark eyes and alas! a huge nose, worthy of mine in every way". A brother,

615:(whose middle name he bore) through his mother, Princess Clémentine, who was the sister of Queen Louise of Belgium thus making Philipp a first coursin of Leopold II through their mothers. This made Philipp and Louise paternal second cousins and maternal first cousins once removed. Residing in 1370:

Olivier Defrance wrote the first biography dedicated to Louise of Belgium, published in 2001. During her lifetime, Louise had already become, writes the author, "a character in a novel, the legend going beyond reality, and that will last a long time...The memoirs that Louise will write will

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In 1883, Louise began a liaison with Baron Daniël d'Ablaing de Giessenburg, her husband's military attaché. Queen Marie Henriette tried to convince her daughter to break up with the officer. Relations between Louise and her mother remained unstable, but the Queen was delighted to see her two

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not very high: "The programs lacked scope. In the severe decor of the study room, it was usually too rudimentary that we applied ourselves to history, geography, literature, mathematics; a preponderant place being left to the decorative arts: painting, drawing, music, as well as needlework".

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aggravated by cardiac pathology, in the modest hotel where he and Louise were staying. Now completely isolated because no member of the Belgian royal family wants to help or receive her in Belgium, in December of the same year, the Belgian consul general in Paris offered Louise to settle in

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When King Leopold II died in December 1909, Louise returned to Belgium, but, because of her cohabitation with Mattachich, she was forced to remain in the shadows of the funeral ceremonies. Louise and her sisters discovered that their father had left his chief mistress, the French prostitute

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as "a narrow man, full of false and preconceived ideas . Under the decor of rank and ceremonies, under the vocabulary of receptions, audiences and speeches, there was a being devoid of sensitivity . He looked like an automaton official, dressed as a soldier". But she praises the beauty of

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Sometimes known as "Philipp of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha-Koháry", this name is not unanimous among historians and many are those who, like Olivier Defrance, consider that the family of Philipp's father August never added the surname name Koháry to that of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha. In fact, the

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on 15 January 1906, but Louise, accustomed to living lavishly, found herself in debt again and traveled with Mattachich across Europe, fleeing her numerous creditors. From 1907, Maria Stöger no longer resided regularly with Louise and Geza, but the latter made Anna von Gebauer, Louise's

1270:("Around the thrones that I saw fall"); in it, she settled the score with various people in her life, including her father Leopold II –yet she dedicated the work "to the great man and great King that was her father". On 3 July of the same year, her former husband Prince Philipp died in 1126:

that this kidnapping was an incredible thing and that her niece was unaware of her fate. Henriette answered him: "Louise Coburg's fugue is a dismal tragicomedy. This 46-year-old woman, faded and stamped, kidnapped in a car paid for by a French journalist, what will we see soon?".

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When Baron d'Ablaing died unexpectedly in 1888, Philipp replaced him with a young Hungarian aristocrat, Baron Nicolas Döry de Jobahàza, a distinguished horseman and hunting enthusiast. Louise quickly experienced passionate feelings for Döry, whom she saw a lot because his role as

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in September, the little patient looked better, but his condition worsened again until he died on 22 January 1869. During the illness of the Duke of Brabant, Louise was fully aware of the seriousness of her brother's condition, for which she prayed before bidding him farewell.

819:, where her beauty attracted and her attitude shocked the court of Vienna. She had a very keen sense of observation, a talent for imitating, and a biting satire that liked to highlight the faults of her fellows. Viennese society quickly assigned her several love affairs. 1114:, in Saxony, where the surveillance was somewhat relaxed. After a long journey, Louise, Geza, and Maria Stöger (who had just told the princess the true nature of her relationship with Mattachich) arrived in France, where they stayed at the Westminster hotel in the 1211:

son Leopold Clement, who had openly sided with his father and refused all contact with his mother, died in tragic circumstances following a fight with his mistress who, before committing suicide, had thrown him acid in the face and then shot him four times.

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While trying to return to Belgium since 1920, Louise, who had become undesirable in her native country because of her situation as an "enemy subject", was forced to stay outside Belgian borders, so as not to offend public opinion still battered by the war.

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Louise's affair became known all over Europe. Queen Marie Henriette and King Leopold II forbade Stéphanie to see her older sister, who was no longer received in Belgium. On 18 February 1898, Louise's birthday, Prince Philipp challenged Geza Mattachich to a

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Louise had just celebrated her 14th birthday when she was actively sought after by several European princes because she had a pleasant exterior and her father was reputed to be wealthy. King Leopold II had long feared having to give her in marriage to the

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Hainaut became the heir to the throne and was raised to the title of Duke of Brabant. Louise and her brother, until now under the direction of a governess, Miss Legrand, were now endowed with a governor: Count Ignace van der Straten-Ponthoz, major of

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in April 1913. However, on 22 January 1914, an agreement was concluded between Louise, the Belgian State and some of her creditors: Similar to her younger sisters, she would receive a little more than 5 million francs from her late father's fortune.

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in Hungary, the prince, who was already enjoying the favor of Queen Marie Henriette (nostalgic about her birthplace), ended up also establishing himself as a privileged candidate in the eyes of King Leopold II, who did not want a rapprochement with

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Stéphanie: "Now I like life here The pyramids have greatly disappointed me, not the landscape which is strange, but the very thing. I didn't go up there, it was too tiring, while Philipp was up, I got on a camel, which amused me a lot".

426:, assisted in his functions by Albert Donny, a young artilleryman. The two men entered the service of the King's children on 4 March 1866. Louise and her brother preferred Donny and nicknamed van der Straten-Ponthoz the "scolding count" ( 277:. She reacted by leading a lavish and worldly life as a beauty in the court of Vienna. Louise was quickly preceded by a reputation for scandal to which she gave credit by engaging in several successive affairs before falling in love with 1218:. Louise experienced poverty again and had to sell her jewelry in order to ensure her livelihood. In November, she was forced to move to another hotel in the Austrian capital. At the beginning of 1917, her debts amounted to 30 million 301:, she filed several lawsuits, which were ultimately unsuccessful, against the Belgian State to recover the inheritance of their father, who had died in 1909. However, in 1914 she managed to receive a part of King Leopold II's fortune. 1144:, Louise learned, by November 1907, that her share of the jewelry of late Queen Marie Henriette (who died in 1902), seized by her creditors, had been put on public sale. Then, Louise's wardrobe was dispersed at auction in Vienna. 888:

required a daily presence with the Coburg couple. Döry even accompanied them during the stays abroad of Louise and Philipp, who frequently traveled to Germany and Italy. In February 1890, during a journey that took the trio from

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Louise had been kept away from the matrimonial negotiations about her. However, once informed of her imminent engagement, she remembered favorably her future husband, fourteen years her senior, glimpsed during his visits to

1403:, the Belgian historian paints the full and nuanced portrait of this controversial figure of the Belgian dynasty. The biography sheds new light on Louise, psychologically unstable, but not devoid of intelligence. 293:

and imprisoned. Released four years later, Mattachich succeeded in helping the princess escape. Both then traveled across Europe. After succeeding in proving her mental balance, Louise divorced amicably in 1906.

758:, more guilty, was better treated. The day was hardly going to appear when, taking advantage of a moment when I was alone in the bridal chamber, I fled through the park and I was going to hide my shame in the 2609:

was in all likelihood Mattachich's son. Often in the wake of the Geza-Louise couple, Maria Stöger stayed with them for long periods. Having maintained correspondence with Louise until her death, she moved to

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In 1905, Louise was declared "sane" during a medical examination carried out by the judicial authorities in Paris. Prince Philipp proposed an amicable separation with a comfortable monthly pension of 7,000

1435:. This marriage, which Louise disapproved of, has remained without posterity, but on 11 November 1920 they adopted Prince Johann Georg and his sister Princess Marie Luise, children of a distant cousin, 526:. King Leopold II nourished the hope of having a second son and therefore resumed an intimate life with the Queen; but, after a miscarriage in March 1871, a third daughter was born on 30 July 1872: 4977: 1214:

On 25 August 1916 Geza was arrested at the instigation of the Austrian government which suspected him, as a Croatian subject, of conspiring against the Empire. He was sent to a camp not far from

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have her locked up in a psychiatric hospital. Louise had the choice between returning to the Palais Coburg or internment in a nursing home. She opted for the second solution: the nursing home in

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and the liberation of Belgium, Louise's property was sequestered because she was considered to be Hungarian by the Belgian State. She then decided, probably thanks to the assistance of

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lived in exile in Great Britain. Because she was too old to go to Belgium for the baptism, Maria Amalia expressed the wish that her goddaughter would receive the first name of the

1439:, prematurely widowed. Dorothea had also given up all relationship with her mother, and after her husband's death in 1921 and in economical distress, she left the Neues Schloß in 3489:"COUNT GEZA VON MATTACHICH TELLS HOW HE LOVED AND LOST THE PRINCESS LOUISE OF SAXE-COBURG; A Remarkable Confession of One of the Principals in a Royal Idyl that Ended in Tragedy" 4970: 4627: 851:. Affected by a venereal disease, he infected his wife, who became sterile. Disappointed in both his emotional and political life, Rudolf led a life of debauchery until the 1077:, who became his friend and with whom he discussed his plans to free Louise. In exchange for exclusive rights to the story of the adventure planned for his daily newspaper 5000: 603:, to make a formal visit to the Belgian sovereigns. Philipp was doubly-related to the Belgian royal family by both his paternal and maternal sides, being a member of the 355:(born Archduchess Marie Henriette of Austria), an unhappy and mismatched couple. In 1853, their marriage had been decided with the purpose of cementing alliance with the 1069:

While in detention near Vienna, Geza met Maria Stöger, a 23-year-old married woman, who, having heard from the press of the affair with Louise, decided to work as a

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Louise's marriage quickly fell apart. Endowed with a strong and whole personality, she refused to submit to a husband who did not suit her, who had been imposed for

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in 1898: "You see all that is here, men and things. Well! everything, including my Kingdom, I place with me at your feet". She draws up a severe indictment against

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as the eldest son of the Duke of Brabant, and whose birth seemed to ensure the sustainability of the recently established Belgian royal house. A younger sister,

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he held Louise in esteem, he nonetheless shared Philipp's debauchery. In addition, Rudolf had few interests in common with his young wife, who gave him

773:, where Louise would have liked to take one of her faithful chambermaids, which was not allowed, the bride and groom paid a few visits to the courts of 2577:

shows herself doubted that such a change was made to mark the marriage of August's paternal grandparents Prince Ferdinand of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha and

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daughters and her sons-in-law again during the festivities given in Brussels in honor of the fiftieth year of King Leopold II's reign in April 1885.

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Philipp presented his request for Louise's hand in 1872 and repeated it in the summer of 1873 when, after having toured the world, he went to

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to rest, while King Leopold II, held back by affairs of state, and his two daughters remained in Laeken. In August, Leopold, suffering from

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and persevered in her legal actions. The two princesses refused a new amicable agreement with the State, before being dismissed by the

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The Duke and Duchess of Brabant and their two older children Louise and Leopold, Count of Hainaut. Photography by François Deron, 1862.

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Louise with her husband Prince Philipp of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha and their son Leopold Clement. Photography by Josef Gutkaiss, 1878.

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was required. After financial negotiations (King Leopold II wished to spend as little as possible), the couple were married at the

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In the spring of 1868, the almost 9-years-old Leopold, Duke of Brabant, suffered from a chill following a fall in the pond in the

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It was only after four years that Marie Henriette became pregnant for the first time; a girl was born on 18 February 1858 at the

236: 115: 1362:, she remembers that she liked to gather her parents around her and admits that she sometimes displeased the British sovereign. 433:

Louise befriended some of the cousins of her age who made a few stays at the Laeken estate: Blanche of Orléans (daughter of the

5109: 4568: 2544: 1432: 848: 608: 4530: 1358:: "the emperor of illusion who lulled his people with illusions and lies, and led them to ruin, civil war, dishonor". As for 5159: 5089: 5083: 4700: 4586: 4289: 4270: 4231: 4212: 4173: 4147: 4107: 2814: 2560: 2443: 1865: 1589: 1807: 4694: 4409: 2137: 17: 983:

to maintain his honor as a scorned husband, but lost to his opponent. At the end of the duel, Mattachich joined Louise in

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From a familiar and political point of view, Philip was also allied with several European courts. His late paternal aunt,

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Then Geza brought his plan to fruition and succeeded, on 31 August 1904, in freeing the princess then in thermal cure in

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lady-in-waiting, his new mistress. While she had just signed an acknowledgment of debts amounting to 250,000 marks in

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Entering Döbling in May 1898, Louise was observed by various doctors, while Count Mattachich was accused of

838:, who was her age, due to her nonconformism and her beauty; she encouraged him to marry her younger sister 505:, was brought back to Laeken. The Queen thenceforth never left her son's bedside. After having received the 4834: 4551: 1423:, born in 1878, died unmarried and in the aforementioned tragic circumstances in 1916. As for her daughter 1372: 1336: 662: 580:, this "threat" faded and, very quickly, two candidates asked for the hand of the still-teenaged princess: 5180: 2323: 802: 561: 5376: 5207: 4907: 867:

Queen Marie Henriette of Belgium standing on the right, and her 3 daughters. From left to right: Louise,

739: 678: 453:). When they were separated, Louise wrote short letters to them, pretexts for her calligraphy exercises. 5256: 5042: 4986: 4546: 2257: 1355: 898: 523: 438: 352: 224: 208: 5223: 2666: 489:. In summer, he seemed to recover, but his cough persisted. The doctor recommended the removal of the 417:

Marie Henriette, Duchess of Brabant and her daughter Louise. Photography by Louis-Joseph Ghémar, 1863.

305:

and the German defeat further impoverished Louise, who decided to publish her memoirs under the title

285:

officer. Europe was scandalized when her husband had Louise declared insane and convinced the Emperor

5250: 4594: 1985: 1331: 1227: 1173: 670: 382: 286: 4341: 4253: 4195: 1515: 1028: 258:

on 4 February 1875 with her first cousin once removed Prince Philipp. Louise and Philipp settled in

4688: 1306: 1243: 720: 674: 374: 373:

The princess was baptised as Louise Marie Amélie on 28 March; her godparents were her great uncle

367: 102: 65: 4955: 4846: 4509: 4139: 1343: 902: 1023:

drafts signed with the names of Louise and Stéphanie, and imprisoned in the military prison of

5217: 5154: 4769: 4605: 2231: 1371:

consolidate the myth". Thanks to an investigation in numerous unpublished archives kept at the

1132: 1059: 1043: 4352:

Folle par raison d'État: la princesse Louise de Belgique. Mémoires inédits du comte Mattachich

5240: 1767: 1376: 1259: 1153: 1115: 1074: 577: 506: 348: 198: 4097: 2804: 2741: 645:, second son of King Louis Philippe I. Their two sons were brilliantly married: the eldest, 469: 5341: 5336: 5065: 5032: 4671: 4457: 4442: 2556: 2199: 2173: 1647: 863: 682: 573: 344: 247: 5006: 1891: 1169: 386: 251: 8: 4946: 4432: 4300: 1471: 1302: 694: 646: 631: 518:, became the new heir to the throne, and five months later, on 3 June the same year, the 1156:, but also deliberately concealed property included in his estate in shell companies in 925:

At the end of 1894, difficulties appeared lessened, and Louise approached her children.

552: 42: 5212: 5094: 4329: 4241: 4183: 4133: 3785: 3493: 1310: 1291: 959: 852: 755: 569: 356: 278: 86: 3645:"De Louise van de Louizalaan: het onwaarschijnlijke verhaal van een Belgische prinses" 2552: 5273: 5169: 4386: 4364: 4315: 4285: 4266: 4227: 4208: 4169: 4143: 4103: 4040: 4035: 3771: 3498: 3336: 2810: 1461: 1219: 482: 360: 142: 1427:, born in 1881, married on 2 August 1898 (during the internment of her mother) with 5302: 5174: 4936: 4787: 4350: 1833: 1396: 1198:

broke out in 1914, Louise and Geza resided in their apartments at the Parkhotel in

1149: 971: 751: 612: 398: 274: 1281:

During an illegal stay in Paris, Geza Mattachich died on 1 October 1923 following

1407: 423: 228: 220: 5027: 4940: 4597:

granted the princely titles to Delphine Boël and her children on 1 October 2020

2574: 1466: 1406:

The biography dedicated to Louise also includes an interesting analysis of the

1359: 1063: 1047: 490: 450: 442: 4401: 1483:

Her Royal Highness Princess Louise of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, Duchess in Saxony

1091: 938: 5325: 5245: 4781: 3502: 2111: 766: 712: 310: 219:(18 February 1858 – 1 March 1924) was the eldest child and daughter of 1474:, which will be officially regularized by Royal Decree dated 14 March 1891. 750:

After the ball given for the wedding, bride and groom left Brussels for the

730: 5136: 1165: 1136: 906: 885: 565: 498: 486: 1470:, according to the titles of her house, and bears the unofficial title of 4920: 2742:"De opvoeding van Belgische prinsen en prinsessen in de negentiende eeuw" 1388: 1195: 1055: 302: 289:

to intern her in a psychiatric hospital, while Mattachich was accused of

4589:

gave titles to husbands and children of any Princess of Belgium by birth

4284:(in French). Paris: Éditions L'intermédiaire des chercheurs et curieux. 2547:, first-cousin of King Leopold II on the paternal side: August's father 1223: 1083:, he paid a monthly pension of 4,000 francs to Mattachich for one year. 543: 4166:

Autour des trônes que j'ai vu tomber: Mémoires des filles de Léopold II

3765: 1400: 1298: 1152:

as the main beneficiary of his will and a portion of his legacy to the

1111: 1079: 5149:

Princess Victoria Adelaide of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg

1013: 619:

and called to inherit the paternal fortune in the form of a sumptuous

297:

Louise began the life of a stateless person. Together with her sister

2605: 1440: 1347: 1287: 816: 689:, she was happily married with the brother of Queen Marie-Henriette, 90: 1456:

At her birth, as the daughter of King Leopold II, Louise was titled

4985: 3663: 1384: 1215: 1203: 1177: 786: 743: 707: 314: 255: 69: 4881:

Princess Teresa Cristina, Baroness Taxis of Bordogna and Valnigra

4263:

La fortune de Dora: une petite-fille de Léopold II chez les nazis

4168:(in French). Brussels: Le Cri – Preface by Georges-Henri Dumont. 3902: 3862: 1443:

for a modest residence in the same city, where she died in 1967.

1429:

Ernst Gunther, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Augustenburg

1380: 1157: 1100: 1020: 992: 967: 955: 894: 778: 627: 621: 485:. His condition deteriorated rapidly: the doctor diagnosed acute 290: 282: 183: 4635: 4077: 4065: 2760: 1003: 522:

gave birth to a boy who received the old national first name of

4830:

Dorothea, Duchess of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Augustenburg

4053: 3967: 3955: 3735: 3675: 3397: 1392: 1282: 1271: 1207: 1199: 1161: 1141: 1032: 1024: 951: 947: 914: 843: 782: 770: 616: 596: 494: 259: 4039:(182nd ed.). Almanach de Gotha. 1998. pp. 135, 136. 3111: 3087: 4265:(in French). Brussels: Racine – Preface by Michel Didisheim. 2610: 1351: 1263: 1233: 1118:. The reactions of the Belgian royal family were lively: the 890: 774: 502: 389:, her eldest and beloved daughter, who had died prematurely. 3931: 3014: 3012: 2985: 2939: 2937: 2784: 2772: 1492:

Her Royal Highness Princess Philipp of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha

1054:

In November 1898, Louise was transferred to a sanatorium in

4314:(in French). Translated by Marie Hooghe. Brussels: Racine. 3878: 3826: 3802: 3747: 3723: 3612: 3564: 3552: 3516: 3433: 3421: 3349: 3278: 3276: 3249: 3195: 3183: 3171: 1437:

Prince Albrecht of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg

989:

Ernst Günther of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Augustenburg

984: 980: 493:

and performed this surgery, then his young patient went to

474: 4102:(in French). Brussels: Éditions Racine. pp. 255–258. 3943: 3711: 3227: 3225: 3212: 3210: 3135: 3919: 3159: 3147: 3053: 3051: 3036: 3024: 3009: 2997: 2973: 2961: 2934: 2922: 2910: 2876: 2874: 2835: 2823: 4729:

Louise, Princess Philipp of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha-Koháry

4015: 4003: 3991: 3445: 3409: 3273: 3237: 3063: 2699: 2697: 2644: 2642: 815:

her revenge by leading the lavish life of a spendthrift

5289:

princess of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld by marriage until 1826

4753:

Joséphine Caroline, Princess Karl Anton of Hohenzollern

3979: 3838: 3814: 3699: 3687: 3624: 3600: 3588: 3540: 3528: 3469: 3457: 3385: 3373: 3361: 3312: 3300: 3288: 3261: 3222: 3207: 241:

Princess of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha and Duchess in Saxony

3099: 3075: 3048: 2949: 2898: 2886: 2871: 2859: 2847: 1274:; Louise was obviously excluded from any inheritance. 497:

to recover. Queen Marie Henriette isolated herself in

3576: 2721: 2709: 2694: 2682: 2639: 2627: 235:. By her marriage with her first cousin once removed 5001:

Princess Maria Antonia Koháry of Csábrág and Szitnya

3642: 3123: 2809:(in French). Brussels: Éditions Racine. p. 27. 1622:

Princess Sophie Antoinette of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel

1099:

Geza Mattachich published in January 1904, first in

246:

Louise was born during the reign of her grandfather

4298: 2766: 430:). Louise had a wilful character, even difficult. 4474:Louise, Princess Philipp of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha 4299:de Golesco, Hélène; de Weisme, Augustine (1944). 1326:In her memoirs published in 1921 under the title 1250:("Here rests in God Louise Princess of Belgium"). 1103:, his memoirs entitled "Mad by Reason of State" ( 379:Maria Amalia, Dowager Queen consort of the French 5323: 4526:Joséphine-Charlotte, Grand Duchess of Luxembourg 4260: 4095: 4083: 4071: 4059: 3766:Louise, Princess of Belgium, 1858-1924. (2013). 3741: 3681: 3669: 3403: 3117: 3093: 2802: 1419:Louise has no living descendants today. Her son 746:, where Louise took refuge on her wedding night. 464: 5246:María del Rosario Nadal y Fuster de Puigdórfila 4987:Princesses of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha by marriage 4841:Nadezhda, Duchess Albrecht Eugen of Württemberg 4701:Helena, Princess Christian of Scheswig-Holstein 4431: 4305:(in French). Brussels: La Renaissance du livre. 3333:Leopold II of the Belgians: King of colonialism 3330: 1742:Countess Karoline Ernestine of Erbach-Schönberg 1421:Prince Leopold Clement of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha 897:via Spain, Louise saw with pleasure her cousin 5090:Princess Stephanie of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen 4921:Princess Mafalda Cecilia, Mrs Marc Abousleiman 4441:Generations are numbered by descent from King 4205:Louise de Saxe-Cobourg: Amours, argent, procès 1564:Ernest Frederick, Duke of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld 1520:Coat of Arms of Louise as Princess of Belgium 1248:Hier ruht in Gott Luise Prinzessin von Belgien 765:Before returning to their main residence, the 4971: 4864:Mary, Princess Royal and Countess of Harewood 4724:Amalie, Duchess Maximilian Emanuel in Bavaria 4689:Victoria, German Empress and Queen of Prussia 4621: 4417: 2739: 1501:Her Royal Highness Princess Louise of Belgium 347:, Princess Louise was the first child of the 5311:did not have a royal or noble title by birth 5033:Maria II, Queen of Portugal and the Algarves 4719:Clotilde, Archduchess Joseph Karl of Austria 4637:Princesses of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha by birth 4547:Princess Astrid, Archduchess of Austria-Este 4312:Marie-Henriette: une amazone face à un géant 4261:Defrance, Olivier; van Loon, Joseph (2013). 4224:La Médicis des Cobourg: Clémentine d'Orléans 3790:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list ( 2418:Charles Christian, Prince of Nassau-Weilburg 1086: 1027:. In January 1899 Geza was sentenced to the 582:Prince Frederick of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen 4941:United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland 4800:Alexandra, Princess of Hohenlohe-Langenburg 4794:Grand Duchess Victoria Feodorovna of Russia 4309: 4282:La descendance de Marie-Thérèse de Habsburg 4163: 4131: 3973: 3961: 3949: 3937: 3925: 3717: 3141: 3018: 3003: 2991: 2967: 2943: 2928: 2841: 2790: 2778: 1313:in their behalf), mourned her for a month. 5072:Grand Duchess Maria Alexandrovna of Russia 5049:Princess Marie of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen 4978: 4964: 4770:Louise, Princess Royal and Duchess of Fife 4695:Alice, Grand Duchess of Hesse and by Rhine 4628: 4614: 4424: 4410: 4355:(in French). Paris: Librairie universelle. 4348: 4099:Le prince Baudouin: Frère du Roi-Chevalier 3794:) CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list ( 3451: 3415: 3355: 3282: 3243: 3069: 2806:Le prince Baudouin: Frère du Roi-Chevalier 2356:Princess Friederike of Brandenburg-Schwedt 1954:Princess Maria Amalia of Naples and Sicily 1425:Princess Dorothea of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha 1234:The impossible return to Belgium and Death 1050:, where Louise was held from 1899 to 1904. 1042:Villa Albert, one of the pavilions of the 687:Princess Clotilde of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha 639:Princess Victoria of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha 250:, and she was named after her grandmother 5203:Princess Augusta Victoria of Hohenzollern 4870:Princess Sibylla, Duchess of Västerbotten 3643:Alexander Verstraete (12 February 2018). 2549:Prince Ferdinand of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha 1350:, told her during a stay at the court in 679:King consort of Portugal and the Algarves 675:Prince Ferdinand of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha 35:Princess Philipp of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha 23:Princess Philipp of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha 5347:House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (Belgium) 4221: 4202: 4021: 4009: 3997: 3985: 3884: 3844: 3832: 3820: 3808: 3753: 3729: 3705: 3693: 3630: 3618: 3606: 3594: 3570: 3558: 3546: 3534: 3522: 3475: 3463: 3439: 3427: 3391: 3379: 3367: 3318: 3306: 3294: 3267: 3255: 3231: 3216: 3201: 3189: 3177: 3165: 3153: 3105: 3081: 3057: 3042: 3030: 2979: 2955: 2916: 2904: 2892: 2880: 2865: 2853: 2829: 2727: 2715: 2703: 2688: 2648: 2633: 2579:Princess Maria Antonia Koháry de Csábrág 2298:Frederick II Eugene, Duke of Württemberg 1237: 1135:. The divorce was finally pronounced at 1095:Memoirs of Count Geza Mattachich (1904). 1090: 1037: 1002: 937: 862: 801: 729: 542: 468: 412: 334: 5198:Countess Viktoria-Luise of Solms-Baruth 5143:Princess Alexandra, 2nd Duchess of Fife 4776:Princess Victoria of the United Kingdom 2662:"Baptême de S.A.R. la Princesse Louise" 1684:Heinrich XXIV, Count Reuss of Ebersdorf 1535:Ancestors of Princess Louise of Belgium 1342:Louise claims that her brother-in-law, 1297:In February 1924, Louise suffered from 1122:(Louise's aunt), wrote to her daughter 797: 586:Prince Philipp of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha 549:Prince Philipp of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha 473:Prince Leopold, Duke of Brabant on his 330: 237:Prince Philipp of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha 217:Princess Louise Marie Amélie of Belgium 156:Dorothea, Duchess of Schleswig-Holstein 116:Prince Philipp of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha 5324: 5295:also a princess of Belgium by marriage 5110:Princess Marie Louise of Bourbon-Parma 5043:Archduchess Marie Henriette of Austria 4806:Princess Beatrice, Duchess of Galliera 4747:Princess Henriette, Duchess of Vendôme 4713:Beatrice, Princess Henry of Battenberg 4569:Princess Elisabeth, Duchess of Brabant 4531:Princess Marie Esméralda, Lady Moncada 4489:Princess Henriette, Duchess of Vendôme 4279: 3582: 3129: 2545:Prince August of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha 2397: 2277: 2273: 2261: 2258:Archduchess Marie Henriette of Austria 2153: 2033: 2029: 2025: 2015: 1907: 1787: 1783: 1771: 1663: 1553: 1549: 1545: 1446: 998: 942:Count Geza Mattachich, Louise's lover. 572:to be upstarts. After the fall of the 533: 530:, the last child of the royal couple. 408: 397:, was born on 12 June 1859 and titled 5160:Archduchess Karoline Marie of Austria 5084:Princess Helen of Waldeck and Pyrmont 5028:Victoria, Queen of the United Kingdom 4959: 4667:Princess Victoria, Duchess of Nemours 4609: 4405: 4375: 2613:, near Vienna where she died in 1960. 2561:Francis, Duke of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld 2473: 2463: 2459: 2447: 2444:Princess Henriette of Nassau-Weilburg 2441: 2431: 2415: 2405: 2401: 2385: 2382:Duchess Maria Dorothea of Württemberg 2379: 2369: 2353: 2343: 2339: 2327: 2321: 2311: 2295: 2285: 2281: 2255: 2245: 2229: 2219: 2215: 2203: 2197: 2187: 2171: 2161: 2157: 2141: 2135: 2125: 2109: 2099: 2095: 2083: 2077: 2067: 2051: 2041: 2037: 2009: 1999: 1986:Archduchess Maria Carolina of Austria 1983: 1973: 1969: 1957: 1951: 1941: 1925: 1915: 1911: 1895: 1889: 1879: 1863: 1853: 1849: 1837: 1831: 1821: 1805: 1795: 1791: 1765: 1755: 1739: 1729: 1725: 1713: 1707: 1697: 1681: 1671: 1667: 1651: 1645: 1635: 1619: 1609: 1605: 1593: 1590:Francis, Duke of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld 1587: 1577: 1561: 1557: 1262:, to write her memoirs, published in 1189: 933: 792: 669:", thus becoming a brother-in-law of 538: 4735:Stéphanie, Crown Princess of Austria 4479:Stéphanie, Crown Princess of Austria 4135:Autour des trônes que j'ai vu tomber 2138:Archduke Joseph, Palatine of Hungary 1328:Autour des trônes que j'ai vu tomber 1268:Autour des trônes que j'ai vu tomber 1242:Tombstone of Princess Louise in the 827:(born 19 July 1878) and a daughter, 673:. Finally, Philip's paternal uncle, 613:Louis Philippe I, King of the French 307:Autour des trônes que j'ai vu tomber 18:Princess Louise of Belgium (b. 2004) 5352:Princesses of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha 5115:Princess Eleonore Reuss of Köstritz 5078:Princess Louise Margaret of Prussia 4908:Princess Kalina, Countess of Murany 4824:Princess Alice, Countess of Athlone 3770:(in French). HardPress Publishing. 3768:Autour Des Trones Qu J'Ai Vu Tomber 1710:Countess Augusta Reuss of Ebersdorf 1294:with a lady-in-waiting and a maid. 858: 659:Duchess Sophie Charlotte in Bavaria 651:Isabel, Princess Imperial of Brazil 239:, she retained her birth titles of 13: 4812:Margaret, Crown Princess of Sweden 4707:Princess Louise, Duchess of Argyll 4494:Princess Joséphine of Hohenzollern 4125: 2670:(in French) (89): 1. 30 March 1858 2476:Princess Carolina of Orange-Nassau 1808:Louis Philippe II, Duke of Orléans 1479:18 February 1858 – 4 February 1875 700: 516:Prince Philippe, Count of Flanders 14: 5388: 4397: 4302:Marie-Henriette, reine des Belges 3906:(in French) (63): 3. 3 March 1924 3866:(in French) (61): 2. 1 March 1924 3858:"La Princesse Louise très malade" 1488:4 February 1875 – 15 January 1906 1458:Princess of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha 1316: 964:Imperial and Royal Uhlan Regiment 547:Princess Louise and her husband, 477:, 1869. Collection Ralf De Jonge. 4895:Marie Louise, Princess of Koháry 4089: 4027: 1866:Louise Marie Adélaïde de Bourbon 1514: 1321: 1246:on which are engraved the words 946:In May 1895, Louise met, at the 225:Queen Marie Henriette of Belgium 131: 41: 5208:Margarita Gómez-Acebo y Cejuela 4587:Royal Decree of 2 December 1991 4361:Louise et Stephanie de Belgique 4349:Mattachich, Comte Geza (1904). 4226:(in French). Brussels: Racine. 4207:(in French). Brussels: Racine. 4120: 3890: 3850: 3759: 3636: 3481: 3324: 2796: 2767:de Golesco & de Weisme 1944 2594: 2584: 2566: 2555:) and Leopold II's father King 2537: 2232:Princess Maria Amalia of Saxony 1928:Ferdinand I of the Two Sicilies 1433:German Empress Augusta Victoria 1339:, whom she sees as a "martyr". 836:Rudolf, Crown Prince of Austria 691:Archduke Joseph Karl of Austria 359:by both King Leopold I and the 262:, where they had two children: 127: 5137:Princess Victoria Mary of Teck 5038:Princess Clémentine of Orléans 2733: 2654: 2543:Prince Philipp was the son of 2080:Leopold II, Holy Roman Emperor 1497:15 January 1906 – 1 March 1924 1226:, one of the strongmen of the 1029:military prison of Möllersdorf 905:on behalf of her underage son 903:Regent of the Kingdom of Spain 605:House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha 601:Princess Clémentine of Orléans 325: 16:For the current princess, see 1: 5105:Princess Leopoldina of Brazil 5066:Princess Alexandra of Denmark 5023:Princess Alexandrine of Baden 4741:Clémentine, Princess Napoléon 4484:Clémentine, Princess Napoléon 3898:"Mort de la Princesse Louise" 2620: 2581:, sole heiress of her family. 2200:Infanta Maria Louisa of Spain 2054:Francis I, Holy Roman Emperor 1256:Armistice of 11 November 1918 1184: 928: 641:, married an Orléans prince, 465:A family and dynastic tragedy 351:(future King Leopold II) and 5165:Princess Mathilde of Bavaria 5120:Duchess Elisabeth in Bavaria 4931:* also a princess of Belgium 4835:Princess Eudoxia of Bulgaria 4458:Charlotte, Empress of Mexico 4385:. London: Hamish Hamilton. ( 4164:de Belgique, Louise (2003). 4132:de Belgique, Louise (1921). 4084:Defrance & van Loon 2013 4072:Defrance & van Loon 2013 4060:Defrance & van Loon 2013 3742:Defrance & van Loon 2013 3682:Defrance & van Loon 2013 3670:Defrance & van Loon 2013 3404:Defrance & van Loon 2013 3118:Defrance & van Loon 2013 3094:Defrance & van Loon 2013 1414: 1373:National Archives of Austria 1365: 1344:King Ferdinand I of Bulgaria 842:. The wedding took place in 663:Empress Elisabeth of Austria 576:and the proclamation of the 568:, because he considered the 7: 5095:Princess Maria Pia of Savoy 4945:*** also a princess of the 4433:Belgian princesses by birth 3335:. Weidenfeld and Nicolson. 1526: 1506: 1307:South Cemetery of Wiesbaden 1244:South Cemetery of Wiesbaden 740:Royal Greenhouses of Laeken 632:Franco-Prussian War of 1870 599:accompanied by his mother, 405:, was born on 21 May 1864. 387:first Queen of the Belgians 377:and her great-grandmother, 10: 5393: 5362:19th-century Belgian women 5170:Princess Giovanna of Savoy 5155:Princess Amélie of Orléans 5100:Princess Louise of Belgium 5007:Princess Louise of Orléans 4847:Marie-José, Queen of Italy 4672:Carlota, Empress of Mexico 4510:Marie-José, Queen of Italy 4359:Ouvrage collectif (2003). 4222:Defrance, Olivier (2007). 4203:Defrance, Olivier (2001). 2391: 2275: 2267: 2147: 2031: 2027: 2012:Princess Louise of Belgium 1901: 1892:Princess Louise of Orléans 1834:Louis Philippe I of France 1785: 1777: 1657: 1551: 1547: 1299:acute circulatory problems 1007:Princess Louise, ca. 1900. 899:Maria Christina of Austria 834:Louise became a friend of 685:. As for Philip's sister, 655:Ferdinand, Duke of Alençon 439:Maria Christina of Austria 227:. She was a member of the 209:Marie Henriette of Austria 15: 5283: 5266: 5233: 5190: 5175:Princess Astrid of Sweden 5129: 5058: 5015: 4993: 4928: 4915: 4902: 4889: 4856: 4762: 4681: 4659: 4643: 4582: 4561: 4539: 4518: 4502: 4466: 4450: 4439: 4310:Kerckvoorde, Mia (2001). 4096:Damien Bilteryst (2013). 2803:Damien Bilteryst (2013). 2559:were brothers as sons of 2551:(by marriage heir of the 2461: 2453: 2425: 2403: 2399: 2363: 2341: 2333: 2324:Duke Louis of Württemberg 2305: 2283: 2279: 2239: 2217: 2209: 2181: 2159: 2155: 2119: 2097: 2089: 2061: 2039: 2035: 1993: 1971: 1963: 1935: 1913: 1909: 1873: 1851: 1843: 1815: 1793: 1789: 1749: 1727: 1719: 1691: 1669: 1665: 1629: 1607: 1599: 1571: 1555: 1451: 1356:German Emperor Wilhelm II 1301:suddenly aggravated by a 1290:, where she moved to the 1228:Hungarian Soviet Republic 1087:Between divorce and trial 611:, and also a grandson of 447:Beatrice of Great Britain 287:Franz Joseph I of Austria 204: 194: 182: 173: 168: 164: 141: 109: 97: 76: 52: 47:Princess Louise, ca. 1894 40: 33: 28: 5251:Mathilde d'Udekem d'Acoz 5213:Fabiola de Mora y Aragón 4280:Enache, Nicolas (1999). 4157: 3331:Barbara Emerson (1979). 2530: 2112:Maria Theresa of Austria 1464:, with the predicate of 1266:in 1921 under the title 721:Royal Palace of Brussels 683:Queen Maria II da Gloria 375:Archduke John of Austria 368:Royal Palace of Brussels 103:South Cemetery Wiesbaden 5372:20th-century memoirists 5218:Paola Ruffo di Calabria 4876:Princess Maria Karoline 4788:Marie, Queen of Romania 4595:Belgian Court of Appeal 1133:Austro-Hungarian krones 1105:Folle par raison d'État 320: 5357:Nobility from Brussels 2740:Marleen Boden (2020). 2573:correspondence of the 1332:Emperor Franz Joseph I 1311:Baron Auguste Goffinet 1251: 1096: 1051: 1008: 943: 876: 807: 747: 671:Emperor Franz Joseph I 643:Louis, Duke of Nemours 556: 478: 449:(youngest daughter of 418: 343:Granddaughter of King 340: 151:Prince Leopold Clement 5367:Leopold II of Belgium 5332:Princesses of Belgium 5241:Miriam Ungría y López 4782:Maud, Queen of Norway 4381:Dan Jacobson (2005). 4363:. Brussels: Le Cri. ( 3497:. 11 September 1904. 1768:Leopold II of Belgium 1377:Pannonhalma Archabbey 1241: 1116:Rue de la Paix, Paris 1094: 1041: 1006: 941: 866: 805: 733: 578:French Third Republic 546: 472: 416: 338: 233:Saxe-Coburg and Gotha 199:Leopold II of Belgium 189:Saxe-Coburg and Gotha 4818:Lady Patricia Ramsay 4443:Leopold I of Belgium 4138:(in French). Paris: 2667:L'Indépendance Belge 2557:Leopold I of Belgium 2174:Charles III of Spain 1648:Leopold I of Belgium 1120:Countess of Flanders 1060:Lindenhof Sanatorium 1044:Lindenhof Sanatorium 798:In the Palais Coburg 723:on 4 February 1875. 607:through his father, 574:Second French Empire 520:Countess of Flanders 345:Leopold I of Belgium 331:A long-awaited birth 266:, born in 1878, and 248:Leopold I of Belgium 130: 1875; 4947:Tsardom of Bulgaria 3976:, pp. 153–154. 3964:, pp. 127–128. 3887:, pp. 291–307. 3835:, pp. 291–297. 3811:, pp. 286–287. 3756:, pp. 277–283. 3732:, pp. 269–270. 3672:, pp. 104–105. 3621:, pp. 238–239. 3573:, pp. 229–230. 3561:, pp. 213–223. 3525:, pp. 203–204. 3442:, pp. 185–186. 3430:, pp. 185–309. 3258:, pp. 124–125. 3204:, pp. 114–115. 3192:, pp. 103–112. 3180:, pp. 101–103. 1472:Princess of Belgium 1447:Titles and heraldry 999:Deprived of liberty 695:Palatine of Hungary 681:by his marriage to 647:Gaston, Count of Eu 534:Wedding in Brussels 409:Under the new reign 317:, named after her. 174:Louise Marie Amélie 5377:Daughters of kings 4376:Historical fiction 3494:The New York Times 1292:Hotel Nassauer Hof 1260:Henri de Noussanne 1252: 1190:During World War I 1097: 1075:Henri de Noussanne 1052: 1009: 944: 934:A European scandal 877: 853:Mayerling incident 808: 793:A disastrous union 748: 717:papal dispensation 653:, and the second, 630:so soon after the 564:, son and heir of 557: 539:A coveted princess 479: 419: 383:Revolution of 1848 357:Kingdom of Belgium 353:Duchess of Brabant 341: 281:, an aristocratic 87:Hotel Nassauer Hof 5319: 5318: 5274:Kelly Rondestvedt 4953: 4952: 4603: 4602: 4574:Princess Eléonore 4552:Princess Delphine 4291:978-2-908003-04-8 4272:978-2-87386-817-8 4233:978-2-87386-486-6 4214:978-2-87386-230-5 4175:978-2-87106-324-7 4149:978-2-87106-192-2 4109:978-2-87386-847-5 4036:Almanach de Gotha 3940:, pp. 92–93. 3358:, pp. 93–94. 3168:, pp. 77–78. 3156:, pp. 63–94. 3045:, pp. 51–52. 3033:, pp. 48–49. 2994:, pp. 67–68. 2982:, pp. 45–47. 2919:, pp. 32–34. 2832:, pp. 22–24. 2816:978-2-87386-847-5 2793:, pp. 40–41. 2781:, pp. 33–34. 2604:Bog, was born in 2527: 2526: 2523: 2522: 1524: 1523: 1462:Duchess in Saxony 1431:, brother of the 1408:neuropsychiatrist 1337:Empress Elisabeth 1303:double congestion 1170:Paul-Émile Janson 901:, who had become 551:. Photography by 254:. She married in 231:in the branch of 214: 213: 178: 177: 29:Louise of Belgium 5384: 5303:British princess 4980: 4973: 4966: 4957: 4956: 4630: 4623: 4616: 4607: 4606: 4426: 4419: 4412: 4403: 4402: 4356: 4345: 4339: 4335: 4333: 4325: 4306: 4295: 4276: 4257: 4251: 4247: 4245: 4237: 4218: 4199: 4193: 4189: 4187: 4179: 4153: 4114: 4113: 4093: 4087: 4081: 4075: 4069: 4063: 4057: 4051: 4050: 4031: 4025: 4019: 4013: 4007: 4001: 3995: 3989: 3983: 3977: 3974:de Belgique 2003 3971: 3965: 3962:de Belgique 2003 3959: 3953: 3950:de Belgique 2003 3947: 3941: 3938:de Belgique 2003 3935: 3929: 3926:de Belgique 2003 3923: 3917: 3915: 3913: 3911: 3894: 3888: 3882: 3876: 3875: 3873: 3871: 3854: 3848: 3842: 3836: 3830: 3824: 3818: 3812: 3806: 3800: 3799: 3789: 3781: 3763: 3757: 3751: 3745: 3739: 3733: 3727: 3721: 3718:de Belgique 2003 3715: 3709: 3703: 3697: 3691: 3685: 3679: 3673: 3667: 3661: 3660: 3658: 3656: 3640: 3634: 3628: 3622: 3616: 3610: 3604: 3598: 3592: 3586: 3580: 3574: 3568: 3562: 3556: 3550: 3544: 3538: 3532: 3526: 3520: 3514: 3513: 3511: 3509: 3485: 3479: 3473: 3467: 3461: 3455: 3449: 3443: 3437: 3431: 3425: 3419: 3413: 3407: 3401: 3395: 3389: 3383: 3377: 3371: 3365: 3359: 3353: 3347: 3346: 3328: 3322: 3316: 3310: 3304: 3298: 3292: 3286: 3280: 3271: 3265: 3259: 3253: 3247: 3241: 3235: 3229: 3220: 3214: 3205: 3199: 3193: 3187: 3181: 3175: 3169: 3163: 3157: 3151: 3145: 3142:Kerckvoorde 2001 3139: 3133: 3127: 3121: 3115: 3109: 3103: 3097: 3091: 3085: 3079: 3073: 3067: 3061: 3055: 3046: 3040: 3034: 3028: 3022: 3019:de Belgique 2003 3016: 3007: 3004:de Belgique 2003 3001: 2995: 2992:de Belgique 2003 2989: 2983: 2977: 2971: 2968:de Belgique 2003 2965: 2959: 2953: 2947: 2944:de Belgique 2003 2941: 2932: 2929:de Belgique 2003 2926: 2920: 2914: 2908: 2902: 2896: 2890: 2884: 2878: 2869: 2863: 2857: 2851: 2845: 2842:de Belgique 2003 2839: 2833: 2827: 2821: 2820: 2800: 2794: 2791:de Belgique 2003 2788: 2782: 2779:de Belgique 2003 2776: 2770: 2764: 2758: 2757: 2755: 2753: 2737: 2731: 2725: 2719: 2713: 2707: 2701: 2692: 2686: 2680: 2679: 2677: 2675: 2658: 2652: 2646: 2637: 2631: 2614: 2598: 2592: 2588: 2582: 2570: 2564: 2541: 1541: 1540: 1532: 1531: 1518: 1511: 1510: 1150:Caroline Lacroix 972:Austrian Riviera 859:First adulteries 752:Palace of Laeken 592:of the family). 553:Géruzet brothers 399:Count of Hainaut 381:, who since the 275:reasons of state 270:, born in 1881. 166: 165: 135: 133: 129: 83: 63:18 February 1858 62: 60: 45: 26: 25: 5392: 5391: 5387: 5386: 5385: 5383: 5382: 5381: 5322: 5321: 5320: 5315: 5279: 5262: 5229: 5186: 5125: 5054: 5011: 4989: 4984: 4954: 4949: 4944: 4933: 4924: 4911: 4898: 4885: 4852: 4758: 4677: 4655: 4639: 4634: 4604: 4599: 4591: 4578: 4557: 4535: 4514: 4498: 4462: 4446: 4435: 4430: 4400: 4378: 4337: 4336: 4327: 4326: 4322: 4292: 4273: 4249: 4248: 4239: 4238: 4234: 4215: 4191: 4190: 4181: 4180: 4176: 4160: 4150: 4128: 4123: 4118: 4117: 4110: 4094: 4090: 4082: 4078: 4070: 4066: 4058: 4054: 4047: 4033: 4032: 4028: 4020: 4016: 4008: 4004: 3996: 3992: 3984: 3980: 3972: 3968: 3960: 3956: 3948: 3944: 3936: 3932: 3924: 3920: 3909: 3907: 3896: 3895: 3891: 3883: 3879: 3869: 3867: 3856: 3855: 3851: 3843: 3839: 3831: 3827: 3819: 3815: 3807: 3803: 3783: 3782: 3778: 3764: 3760: 3752: 3748: 3740: 3736: 3728: 3724: 3716: 3712: 3704: 3700: 3692: 3688: 3680: 3676: 3668: 3664: 3654: 3652: 3641: 3637: 3629: 3625: 3617: 3613: 3605: 3601: 3593: 3589: 3581: 3577: 3569: 3565: 3557: 3553: 3545: 3541: 3533: 3529: 3521: 3517: 3507: 3505: 3487: 3486: 3482: 3474: 3470: 3462: 3458: 3452:Mattachich 1904 3450: 3446: 3438: 3434: 3426: 3422: 3416:Mattachich 1904 3414: 3410: 3402: 3398: 3390: 3386: 3378: 3374: 3366: 3362: 3356:Mattachich 1904 3354: 3350: 3343: 3329: 3325: 3317: 3313: 3305: 3301: 3293: 3289: 3283:Mattachich 1904 3281: 3274: 3266: 3262: 3254: 3250: 3244:Mattachich 1904 3242: 3238: 3230: 3223: 3215: 3208: 3200: 3196: 3188: 3184: 3176: 3172: 3164: 3160: 3152: 3148: 3140: 3136: 3128: 3124: 3116: 3112: 3104: 3100: 3092: 3088: 3080: 3076: 3070:Mattachich 1904 3068: 3064: 3056: 3049: 3041: 3037: 3029: 3025: 3017: 3010: 3002: 2998: 2990: 2986: 2978: 2974: 2966: 2962: 2954: 2950: 2942: 2935: 2927: 2923: 2915: 2911: 2903: 2899: 2891: 2887: 2879: 2872: 2864: 2860: 2852: 2848: 2840: 2836: 2828: 2824: 2817: 2801: 2797: 2789: 2785: 2777: 2773: 2765: 2761: 2751: 2749: 2738: 2734: 2726: 2722: 2714: 2710: 2702: 2695: 2687: 2683: 2673: 2671: 2660: 2659: 2655: 2647: 2640: 2632: 2628: 2623: 2618: 2617: 2599: 2595: 2589: 2585: 2571: 2567: 2553:House of Koháry 2542: 2538: 2533: 2528: 1529: 1519: 1509: 1454: 1449: 1417: 1368: 1346:, attracted by 1324: 1319: 1236: 1192: 1187: 1174:Court of Appeal 1089: 1001: 960:Geza Mattachich 958:officer, Count 936: 931: 861: 825:Leopold Clement 800: 795: 713:closely related 703: 701:Failed nuptials 588:(member of the 562:Prince Imperial 541: 536: 507:last sacraments 467: 435:Duke of Nemours 411: 333: 328: 323: 279:Geza Mattachich 264:Leopold Clement 229:House of Wettin 221:King Leopold II 160: 137: 134: 1906) 125: 121: 118: 105: 85: 81: 64: 58: 56: 48: 24: 21: 12: 11: 5: 5390: 5380: 5379: 5374: 5369: 5364: 5359: 5354: 5349: 5344: 5339: 5334: 5317: 5316: 5314: 5313: 5307: 5297: 5291: 5284: 5281: 5280: 5278: 5277: 5270: 5268: 5267:7th generation 5264: 5263: 5261: 5260: 5254: 5248: 5243: 5237: 5235: 5234:6th generation 5231: 5230: 5228: 5227: 5221: 5215: 5210: 5205: 5200: 5194: 5192: 5191:5th generation 5188: 5187: 5185: 5184: 5178: 5172: 5167: 5162: 5157: 5152: 5146: 5140: 5133: 5131: 5130:4th generation 5127: 5126: 5124: 5123: 5117: 5112: 5107: 5102: 5097: 5092: 5087: 5081: 5075: 5069: 5062: 5060: 5059:3rd generation 5056: 5055: 5053: 5052: 5046: 5040: 5035: 5030: 5025: 5019: 5017: 5016:2nd generation 5013: 5012: 5010: 5009: 5004: 4997: 4995: 4994:1st generation 4991: 4990: 4983: 4982: 4975: 4968: 4960: 4951: 4950: 4929: 4926: 4925: 4919: 4917: 4916:8th generation 4913: 4912: 4906: 4904: 4903:7th generation 4900: 4899: 4893: 4891: 4890:6th generation 4887: 4886: 4884: 4883: 4878: 4873: 4867: 4860: 4858: 4857:5th generation 4854: 4853: 4851: 4850: 4844: 4838: 4832: 4827: 4821: 4815: 4809: 4803: 4797: 4791: 4785: 4779: 4773: 4766: 4764: 4763:4th generation 4760: 4759: 4757: 4756: 4750: 4744: 4738: 4732: 4726: 4721: 4716: 4710: 4704: 4698: 4692: 4685: 4683: 4682:3rd generation 4679: 4678: 4676: 4675: 4669: 4663: 4661: 4660:2nd generation 4657: 4656: 4654: 4653: 4647: 4645: 4644:1st generation 4641: 4640: 4633: 4632: 4625: 4618: 4610: 4601: 4600: 4583: 4580: 4579: 4577: 4576: 4571: 4565: 4563: 4562:6th generation 4559: 4558: 4556: 4555: 4549: 4543: 4541: 4540:5th generation 4537: 4536: 4534: 4533: 4528: 4522: 4520: 4519:4th generation 4516: 4515: 4513: 4512: 4506: 4504: 4503:3rd generation 4500: 4499: 4497: 4496: 4491: 4486: 4481: 4476: 4470: 4468: 4467:2nd generation 4464: 4463: 4461: 4460: 4454: 4452: 4451:1st generation 4448: 4447: 4440: 4437: 4436: 4429: 4428: 4421: 4414: 4406: 4399: 4398:External links 4396: 4395: 4394: 4377: 4374: 4373: 4372: 4357: 4346: 4320: 4307: 4296: 4290: 4277: 4271: 4258: 4232: 4219: 4213: 4200: 4174: 4159: 4156: 4155: 4154: 4148: 4127: 4124: 4122: 4119: 4116: 4115: 4108: 4088: 4086:, p. 292. 4076: 4074:, p. 194. 4064: 4052: 4045: 4026: 4024:, p. 324. 4014: 4012:, p. 320. 4002: 4000:, p. 342. 3990: 3978: 3966: 3954: 3952:, p. 124. 3942: 3930: 3918: 3889: 3877: 3849: 3847:, p. 305. 3837: 3825: 3823:, p. 289. 3813: 3801: 3777:978-1314131451 3776: 3758: 3746: 3744:, p. 123. 3734: 3722: 3720:, p. 209. 3710: 3708:, p. 268. 3698: 3696:, p. 265. 3686: 3684:, p. 107. 3674: 3662: 3635: 3633:, p. 244. 3623: 3611: 3609:, p. 237. 3599: 3597:, p. 260. 3587: 3585:, p. 694. 3575: 3563: 3551: 3549:, p. 209. 3539: 3537:, p. 207. 3527: 3515: 3480: 3478:, p. 198. 3468: 3466:, p. 203. 3456: 3444: 3432: 3420: 3408: 3406:, p. 101. 3396: 3394:, p. 178. 3384: 3382:, p. 157. 3372: 3370:, p. 176. 3360: 3348: 3342:978-0297775690 3341: 3323: 3321:, p. 151. 3311: 3309:, p. 140. 3299: 3297:, p. 139. 3287: 3272: 3270:, p. 128. 3260: 3248: 3236: 3234:, p. 121. 3221: 3219:, p. 119. 3206: 3194: 3182: 3170: 3158: 3146: 3144:, p. 125. 3134: 3122: 3110: 3098: 3086: 3074: 3062: 3047: 3035: 3023: 3008: 2996: 2984: 2972: 2960: 2948: 2933: 2921: 2909: 2897: 2885: 2870: 2858: 2846: 2834: 2822: 2815: 2795: 2783: 2771: 2759: 2732: 2720: 2708: 2693: 2681: 2653: 2638: 2625: 2624: 2622: 2619: 2616: 2615: 2593: 2583: 2575:Queen Victoria 2565: 2535: 2534: 2532: 2529: 2525: 2524: 2521: 2520: 2518: 2516: 2514: 2512: 2510: 2508: 2506: 2504: 2502: 2500: 2498: 2496: 2494: 2492: 2490: 2488: 2485: 2484: 2482: 2479: 2478: 2472: 2469: 2468: 2465: 2464: 2462: 2460: 2458: 2455: 2454: 2452: 2449: 2448: 2446: 2440: 2437: 2436: 2433: 2432: 2430: 2427: 2426: 2424: 2421: 2420: 2414: 2411: 2410: 2407: 2406: 2404: 2402: 2400: 2398: 2396: 2393: 2392: 2390: 2387: 2386: 2384: 2378: 2375: 2374: 2371: 2370: 2368: 2365: 2364: 2362: 2359: 2358: 2352: 2349: 2348: 2345: 2344: 2342: 2340: 2338: 2335: 2334: 2332: 2329: 2328: 2326: 2320: 2317: 2316: 2313: 2312: 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1930: 1924: 1921: 1920: 1917: 1916: 1914: 1912: 1910: 1908: 1906: 1903: 1902: 1900: 1897: 1896: 1894: 1888: 1885: 1884: 1881: 1880: 1878: 1875: 1874: 1872: 1869: 1868: 1862: 1859: 1858: 1855: 1854: 1852: 1850: 1848: 1845: 1844: 1842: 1839: 1838: 1836: 1830: 1827: 1826: 1823: 1822: 1820: 1817: 1816: 1814: 1811: 1810: 1804: 1801: 1800: 1797: 1796: 1794: 1792: 1790: 1788: 1786: 1784: 1782: 1779: 1778: 1776: 1773: 1772: 1770: 1764: 1761: 1760: 1757: 1756: 1754: 1751: 1750: 1748: 1745: 1744: 1738: 1735: 1734: 1731: 1730: 1728: 1726: 1724: 1721: 1720: 1718: 1715: 1714: 1712: 1706: 1703: 1702: 1699: 1698: 1696: 1693: 1692: 1690: 1687: 1686: 1680: 1677: 1676: 1673: 1672: 1670: 1668: 1666: 1664: 1662: 1659: 1658: 1656: 1653: 1652: 1650: 1644: 1641: 1640: 1637: 1636: 1634: 1631: 1630: 1628: 1625: 1624: 1618: 1615: 1614: 1611: 1610: 1608: 1606: 1604: 1601: 1600: 1598: 1595: 1594: 1592: 1586: 1583: 1582: 1579: 1578: 1576: 1573: 1572: 1570: 1567: 1566: 1560: 1558: 1556: 1554: 1552: 1550: 1548: 1546: 1544: 1537: 1536: 1530: 1528: 1525: 1522: 1521: 1508: 1505: 1504: 1503: 1494: 1485: 1467:Royal Highness 1453: 1450: 1448: 1445: 1416: 1413: 1367: 1364: 1360:Queen Victoria 1323: 1320: 1318: 1317:Historiography 1315: 1235: 1232: 1191: 1188: 1186: 1183: 1088: 1085: 1000: 997: 966:, traveled to 935: 932: 930: 927: 860: 857: 799: 796: 794: 791: 702: 699: 540: 537: 535: 532: 483:Park of Laeken 466: 463: 451:Queen Victoria 443:Queen of Spain 428:comte grondeur 410: 407: 332: 329: 327: 324: 322: 319: 212: 211: 206: 202: 201: 196: 192: 191: 186: 180: 179: 176: 175: 171: 170: 162: 161: 159: 158: 153: 147: 145: 139: 138: 123: 119: 114: 113: 111: 107: 106: 101: 99: 95: 94: 84:(aged 66) 78: 74: 73: 54: 50: 49: 46: 38: 37: 31: 30: 22: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 5389: 5378: 5375: 5373: 5370: 5368: 5365: 5363: 5360: 5358: 5355: 5353: 5350: 5348: 5345: 5343: 5340: 5338: 5335: 5333: 5330: 5329: 5327: 5312: 5308: 5306: 5304: 5298: 5296: 5292: 5290: 5286: 5285: 5282: 5275: 5272: 5271: 5269: 5265: 5258: 5257:Claire Coombs 5255: 5252: 5249: 5247: 5244: 5242: 5239: 5238: 5236: 5232: 5225: 5222: 5219: 5216: 5214: 5211: 5209: 5206: 5204: 5201: 5199: 5196: 5195: 5193: 5189: 5182: 5179: 5176: 5173: 5171: 5168: 5166: 5163: 5161: 5158: 5156: 5153: 5150: 5147: 5144: 5141: 5138: 5135: 5134: 5132: 5128: 5121: 5118: 5116: 5113: 5111: 5108: 5106: 5103: 5101: 5098: 5096: 5093: 5091: 5088: 5085: 5082: 5079: 5076: 5073: 5070: 5067: 5064: 5063: 5061: 5057: 5050: 5047: 5044: 5041: 5039: 5036: 5034: 5031: 5029: 5026: 5024: 5021: 5020: 5018: 5014: 5008: 5005: 5002: 4999: 4998: 4996: 4992: 4988: 4981: 4976: 4974: 4969: 4967: 4962: 4961: 4958: 4948: 4943: 4942: 4938: 4932: 4927: 4922: 4918: 4914: 4909: 4905: 4901: 4896: 4892: 4888: 4882: 4879: 4877: 4874: 4871: 4868: 4865: 4862: 4861: 4859: 4855: 4848: 4845: 4842: 4839: 4836: 4833: 4831: 4828: 4825: 4822: 4819: 4816: 4813: 4810: 4807: 4804: 4801: 4798: 4795: 4792: 4789: 4786: 4783: 4780: 4777: 4774: 4771: 4768: 4767: 4765: 4761: 4754: 4751: 4748: 4745: 4742: 4739: 4736: 4733: 4730: 4727: 4725: 4722: 4720: 4717: 4714: 4711: 4708: 4705: 4702: 4699: 4696: 4693: 4690: 4687: 4686: 4684: 4680: 4673: 4670: 4668: 4665: 4664: 4662: 4658: 4652: 4649: 4648: 4646: 4642: 4638: 4631: 4626: 4624: 4619: 4617: 4612: 4611: 4608: 4598: 4596: 4590: 4588: 4581: 4575: 4572: 4570: 4567: 4566: 4564: 4560: 4553: 4550: 4548: 4545: 4544: 4542: 4538: 4532: 4529: 4527: 4524: 4523: 4521: 4517: 4511: 4508: 4507: 4505: 4501: 4495: 4492: 4490: 4487: 4485: 4482: 4480: 4477: 4475: 4472: 4471: 4469: 4465: 4459: 4456: 4455: 4453: 4449: 4444: 4438: 4434: 4427: 4422: 4420: 4415: 4413: 4408: 4407: 4404: 4392: 4388: 4384: 4380: 4379: 4370: 4369:2-87106-324-9 4366: 4362: 4358: 4354: 4353: 4347: 4343: 4331: 4323: 4321:2-87386-261-0 4317: 4313: 4308: 4304: 4303: 4297: 4293: 4287: 4283: 4278: 4274: 4268: 4264: 4259: 4255: 4243: 4235: 4229: 4225: 4220: 4216: 4210: 4206: 4201: 4197: 4185: 4177: 4171: 4167: 4162: 4161: 4151: 4145: 4141: 4137: 4136: 4130: 4129: 4126:Autobiography 4111: 4105: 4101: 4100: 4092: 4085: 4080: 4073: 4068: 4062:, p. 98. 4061: 4056: 4048: 4046:0-9532142-0-6 4042: 4038: 4037: 4030: 4023: 4022:Defrance 2001 4018: 4011: 4010:Defrance 2001 4006: 3999: 3998:Defrance 2001 3994: 3988:, p. 10. 3987: 3986:Defrance 2001 3982: 3975: 3970: 3963: 3958: 3951: 3946: 3939: 3934: 3928:, p. 85. 3927: 3922: 3905: 3904: 3899: 3893: 3886: 3885:Defrance 2001 3881: 3865: 3864: 3859: 3853: 3846: 3845:Defrance 2001 3841: 3834: 3833:Defrance 2001 3829: 3822: 3821:Defrance 2001 3817: 3810: 3809:Defrance 2001 3805: 3797: 3793: 3787: 3779: 3773: 3769: 3762: 3755: 3754:Defrance 2001 3750: 3743: 3738: 3731: 3730:Defrance 2001 3726: 3719: 3714: 3707: 3706:Defrance 2001 3702: 3695: 3694:Defrance 2001 3690: 3683: 3678: 3671: 3666: 3650: 3646: 3639: 3632: 3631:Defrance 2001 3627: 3620: 3619:Defrance 2001 3615: 3608: 3607:Defrance 2001 3603: 3596: 3595:Defrance 2001 3591: 3584: 3579: 3572: 3571:Defrance 2001 3567: 3560: 3559:Defrance 2001 3555: 3548: 3547:Defrance 2001 3543: 3536: 3535:Defrance 2001 3531: 3524: 3523:Defrance 2001 3519: 3504: 3500: 3496: 3495: 3490: 3484: 3477: 3476:Defrance 2001 3472: 3465: 3464:Defrance 2001 3460: 3454:, p. 56. 3453: 3448: 3441: 3440:Defrance 2001 3436: 3429: 3428:Defrance 2001 3424: 3418:, p. 26. 3417: 3412: 3405: 3400: 3393: 3392:Defrance 2001 3388: 3381: 3380:Defrance 2001 3376: 3369: 3368:Defrance 2001 3364: 3357: 3352: 3344: 3338: 3334: 3327: 3320: 3319:Defrance 2001 3315: 3308: 3307:Defrance 2001 3303: 3296: 3295:Defrance 2001 3291: 3285:, p. 30. 3284: 3279: 3277: 3269: 3268:Defrance 2001 3264: 3257: 3256:Defrance 2001 3252: 3246:, p. 92. 3245: 3240: 3233: 3232:Defrance 2001 3228: 3226: 3218: 3217:Defrance 2001 3213: 3211: 3203: 3202:Defrance 2001 3198: 3191: 3190:Defrance 2001 3186: 3179: 3178:Defrance 2001 3174: 3167: 3166:Defrance 2001 3162: 3155: 3154:Defrance 2001 3150: 3143: 3138: 3132:, p. 36. 3131: 3126: 3120:, p. 26. 3119: 3114: 3108:, p. 71. 3107: 3106:Defrance 2001 3102: 3096:, p. 21. 3095: 3090: 3084:, p. 55. 3083: 3082:Defrance 2001 3078: 3072:, p. 31. 3071: 3066: 3060:, p. 53. 3059: 3058:Defrance 2001 3054: 3052: 3044: 3043:Defrance 2001 3039: 3032: 3031:Defrance 2001 3027: 3021:, p. 71. 3020: 3015: 3013: 3006:, p. 69. 3005: 3000: 2993: 2988: 2981: 2980:Defrance 2001 2976: 2970:, p. 65. 2969: 2964: 2958:, p. 45. 2957: 2956:Defrance 2001 2952: 2946:, p. 63. 2945: 2940: 2938: 2931:, p. 64. 2930: 2925: 2918: 2917:Defrance 2001 2913: 2907:, p. 34. 2906: 2905:Defrance 2001 2901: 2895:, p. 38. 2894: 2893:Defrance 2007 2889: 2883:, p. 32. 2882: 2881:Defrance 2001 2877: 2875: 2868:, p. 27. 2867: 2866:Defrance 2001 2862: 2856:, p. 26. 2855: 2854:Defrance 2001 2850: 2844:, p. 60. 2843: 2838: 2831: 2830:Defrance 2001 2826: 2818: 2812: 2808: 2807: 2799: 2792: 2787: 2780: 2775: 2769:, p. 44. 2768: 2763: 2747: 2743: 2736: 2730:, p. 20. 2729: 2728:Defrance 2001 2724: 2718:, p. 19. 2717: 2716:Defrance 2001 2712: 2706:, p. 18. 2705: 2704:Defrance 2001 2700: 2698: 2691:, p. 17. 2690: 2689:Defrance 2001 2685: 2669: 2668: 2663: 2657: 2651:, p. 15. 2650: 2649:Defrance 2001 2645: 2643: 2636:, p. 13. 2635: 2634:Defrance 2001 2630: 2626: 2612: 2607: 2603: 2600:Maria Stöger 2597: 2587: 2580: 2576: 2569: 2562: 2558: 2554: 2550: 2546: 2540: 2536: 2519: 2517: 2515: 2513: 2511: 2509: 2507: 2505: 2503: 2501: 2499: 2497: 2495: 2493: 2491: 2489: 2487: 2486: 2483: 2481: 2480: 2477: 2471: 2470: 2467: 2466: 2457: 2456: 2451: 2450: 2445: 2439: 2438: 2435: 2434: 2429: 2428: 2423: 2422: 2419: 2413: 2412: 2409: 2408: 2395: 2394: 2389: 2388: 2383: 2377: 2376: 2373: 2372: 2367: 2366: 2361: 2360: 2357: 2351: 2350: 2347: 2346: 2337: 2336: 2331: 2330: 2325: 2319: 2318: 2315: 2314: 2309: 2308: 2303: 2302: 2299: 2293: 2292: 2289: 2288: 2271: 2270: 2265: 2264: 2259: 2253: 2252: 2249: 2248: 2243: 2242: 2237: 2236: 2233: 2227: 2226: 2223: 2222: 2213: 2212: 2207: 2206: 2201: 2195: 2194: 2191: 2190: 2185: 2184: 2179: 2178: 2175: 2169: 2168: 2165: 2164: 2151: 2150: 2145: 2144: 2139: 2133: 2132: 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790: 788: 784: 780: 776: 772: 768: 767:Palais Coburg 763: 761: 757: 753: 745: 741: 737: 732: 728: 724: 722: 718: 714: 709: 698: 696: 692: 688: 684: 680: 676: 672: 668: 664: 660: 656: 652: 648: 644: 640: 635: 633: 629: 624: 623: 618: 614: 610: 609:Prince August 606: 602: 598: 593: 591: 590:Koháry branch 587: 583: 579: 575: 571: 567: 563: 554: 550: 545: 531: 529: 525: 521: 517: 511: 508: 504: 500: 496: 492: 488: 484: 476: 471: 462: 458: 454: 452: 448: 444: 440: 436: 431: 429: 425: 415: 406: 404: 400: 396: 390: 388: 384: 380: 376: 371: 369: 364: 362: 358: 354: 350: 346: 337: 318: 316: 312: 311:Avenue Louise 308: 304: 300: 295: 292: 288: 284: 280: 276: 271: 269: 265: 261: 257: 253: 249: 244: 242: 238: 234: 230: 226: 222: 218: 210: 207: 203: 200: 197: 193: 190: 187: 185: 181: 172: 167: 163: 157: 154: 152: 149: 148: 146: 144: 140: 117: 112: 108: 104: 100: 96: 92: 88: 79: 75: 71: 67: 55: 51: 44: 39: 36: 32: 27: 19: 5310: 5300: 5294: 5288: 5181:Lilian Baels 5099: 4934: 4930: 4728: 4650: 4592: 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Princess Louise of Belgium

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