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conspiracy to assassinate Kam Bakhsh "while on his way to the Friday prayer at the great mosque". After informing Kam Bakhsh of the matter, he invited Rustam Dil Khan for dinner; arrested him en route. Rustam Dil Khan was killed by being crushed under the feet of an elephant. Saif Khan's hands were amputated, and Arshad Khan's tongue was cut off. Ahsan Khan ignored warnings by close friends that Kam Bakhsh would arrest him, and would be imprisoned and his properties seized. In April 1708, Bahadur Shah sent an envoy
Maktabar Khan to Kam Bakhsh's court. When Taqarrub Khan told Kam Bakhsh that Maktabar Khan intended to dethrone him, Kam Bakhsh invited the envoy and his entourage to a feast and executed them.
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1020:. Within weeks, the emperor's spies intercepted treasonous messages exchanged between Mu'azzam and Abul Hasan, the ruler of Golconda. This was something which could not be mistaken for incompetence; it was clearly treason. Aurangzeb imprisoned Mu'azzam and his sons, executed his closest followers, ordered his harem "shipped off to faraway Delhi", and dispersed his staff. Aurangzeb forbade Mu'azzam to cut his nails or hair for six months, gave orders depriving him of "good food, or cold water." He was not to meet anybody without his father's prior consent.
2336:
1942:
1817:, the emperor had Bhup Prakash imprisoned in January 1711; his mother begged in vain for his release. After she sent him captured followers of Bahadur, he ordered that "ornaments worth 100,000 rupees should be manufactured" for her, and Prakash was released a month later. Shukan Khan Bahadur and Himmet Diler Khan were sent to Lahore to end Banda Bahadur's rebellion, and their unsuccessful attempt was reinforced by a garrison of five thousand soldiers. Bahadur Shah also pressed Rustam Dil Khan and Muhammad Amin Khan to join them.
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1320:, his brother Bijai Singh resented his rule. Bahadur Shah ruled that because of the dispute, the region would become part of the Mughal empire and the city was renamed as Islamabad. Jai Singh's goods and properties were confiscated on the pretext that he supported Bahadur Shah's brother Azam Shah during the succession war. Bijai Singh was made the governor of Amber on 30 April 1708. Bahadur Shah gave him the title of
2003:
996:, to dissuade him from rebellion. Mu'azzam returned to the Mughal court, where he spent the next several years under Aurangzeb's supervision. However, Mu'azzam again nearly revolted in 1680 over Aurangzeb's scorched earth policy during his suppression of Rajput rebellions. Once again, Aurangzeb dissuaded Mu'azzam with gentleness and watched him with greater vigilance.
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honored by the emperor. Gobind Singh accompanied
Bahadur Shah when he left for a campaign in Rajasthan in November 1707 and stayed with the imperial camp for ten months, before accompanying him to Deccan in hopes that he would soon attend to the matters of Punjab. Gobind Singh however died in October 1708 while the emperor was travelling to Hyderabad. He had left for
1366:, who had ambitions of retaking Jodhpur from the Mughals, fought a war to prevent Aurangzeb getting hold of Ajit Singh; he tore through Delhi with his men and successfully escorted the Prince and the widows to Jodhpur. After Aurangzeb's death, during Azam Shah's brief reign, Ajit Singh marched to Jodhpur and took it from Mughal rule.
1150:
A rivalry soon broke out between
Taqarrub Khan and Ahsan Khan. Ahsan Khan had developed a marketplace in Bijapur where, without permission from Kam Bakhsh, he did not tax the shops. Taqarrub Khan reported it to Kam Bakhsh, who ordered the practise stopped. In May 1707, Kam Bakhsh sent Ahsan Khan to
1270:
of arrows at his opponents. According to Irvine, when he was "weakened by loss of blood", Bahadur Shah took him and his son
Bariqullah prisoner. A dispute arose between Mumin Khan and Zulfikar Khan Nusrat Jung over who had captured them, with Rafi-us-Shan ruling in favour of the latter. Kam Bakhsh
1174:
Taqarrub Khan made a conspiracy to eliminate Ahsan Khan, alleging that meetings of Ahsan Khan, Saif Khan (Kam Bakhsh's archery teacher), Arsan Khan, Ahmad Khan, Nasir Khan and Rustam Dil Khan (all of them Kam Bakhsh's former teachers and members of the then court) to discuss public business were a
1216:
According to Irvine, more soldiers Kam Bakhsh deserted as the emperor's group neared. When Kam Bakhsh's general told him that his failure to pay his soldiers was the reason for their desertion, he replied: "What need have I of enlisting them? My trust is in God, and whatever is best will happen."
1474:
Guru Gobind Singh began negotiations with
Aurangzeb in 1705 and left for the Deccan in 1706 to meet him in person when he agreed to concilation. However, Aurangzeb died before he could reach him and Gobind Singh decided to meet Bahadur Shah instead. The guru arrived at Agra in July 1707 and was
1369:
In Amber, Bahadur Shah announced his intention to march to
Jodhpur when Mihrab Khan defeated Ajit Singh at Mairtha, and he reached the town on 21 February 1708. His men were sent to bring Ajit Singh to the city for an interview, where Ajit Singh received "special robes of honour" and a jewelled
1991:
Emperor
Bahadur Shah issued gold, silver and copper coins, although his predecessors' coins were also used to pay government officials and in commerce. Copper coins from Aurangzeb's reign were re-minted with his name. Unlike the other Mughal emperors, his coins did not use his name in a
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in June 1707. Azam Shah and his son Ali Tabar would be killed in the battle. Mu'azzam ascended the Mughal throne at age 64 on 19 June 1707, with the title of
Bahadur Shah I. He then marched to the Deccan and defeated and killed Kam Bakhsh in a battle near Hyderabad in January 1708.
1758:
Bahadur Shah left Ajmer for the Punjab on 17 June 1710, mobilising groups opposed to Banda
Bahadur on the way. When he learned about Bahadur Shah's plans, Banda Bahadur unsuccessfully appealed to Ajit Singh and Man Singh for help. In the meantime, Bahadur Shah had reoccupied
1033:
and choosing his representatives at the imperial court. Mu'azzam and his sons were transferred from the Deccan to north India, and were forbidden to lead military expeditions in the Deccan for the rest of
Aurangzeb's reign. In 1695, Aurangzeb sent Mu'azzam to the
1801:
and three trenches from the rebels. With little ammunition left, Banda Bahadur and a "few hundred of his followers fled". His follower, Gulab Singh (who was "dressed like" Bahadur), entered the fight and was killed. The emperor issued orders to the rulers of
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Around 1694, Aurangzeb rehabilitated Mu'azzam and allowed him "to rebuild his household", rehiring some of his officials. Aurangzeb continued to spy on his son, appointing his men to Mu'azzam's household, sending informants to his
1949:
According to historian William Irvine, the emperor was in Lahore in January 1712 when his "health failed". On 24 February he made his final public appearance, and died during the night of 27–28 February; according to Mughal noble
1908:
To solve the problem, Bahadur Shah went to Lahore in September 1711 and had discussions with Haji Yar Muhammad, Muhammad Murad and "other well-known men". At their meeting, he read "books of authority" to justify using the word
2072:
His full name, including his titles, was "Abul-nasr Sayyid Qutb-ud-din Muhammad Shah Alam Bahadur Shah Badshah". After his death, contemporary historians began calling him "Khuld-Manzil" (Departed to Paradise). He was the only
1419:
to hide in the hills. His messengers gave him the message that Amar Singh got "afraid" by the happenings in Amber and Jodhpur and thought that his kingdom would also be annexed by the Mughals once again. According to the
1859:
hills. Finding him "invincible", the emperor went to Ajit Singh and Jai Singh for help. In October 1711, a joint Mughal-Rajput force marched towards Sadaura. Bahadur escaped the ensuing siege, this time taking refuge at
1256:. Bahadur Shah reached Hyderabad on 12 January 1709, and prepared his troops. Although Kam Bakhsh had little money and few soldiers left, the royal astrologer had predicted that he would "miraculously" win the battle.
1194:
of the province, Jan Sipar Khan, refused to hand over the money. Enraged, Kam Bakhsh confiscated his properties and ordered the recruitment of four thousand soldiers for the attack. In July, the garrison at the
1015:
region to prevent the still rebellious Muhammad Akbar from fleeing the country, but again Mu'azzam failed to achieve the assigned goal. In 1687, Aurangzeb ordered Mu'azzam to march against the sultanate of
1128:(general of the armed forces), and made his advisor Taqarrub Khan as chief minister and gave himself the title of Padshah Kam Bakhsh-i-Dinpanah (Emperor Kam Bakhsh, Protector of Faith). He then conquered
1351:. After Dara Shikoh's defeat and execution by Aurangzeb, Jaswant Singh was pardoned and appointed the governor of Kabul. He died on 18 December 1678, with no male children but two pregnant wives.
1316:
on 21 November. In the meantime, Bahadur Shah's aide Mihrab Khan was ordered to take possession of Jodhpur. Bahadur Shah reached Amber on 20 January 1708. Though the monarch of the kingdom was
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chronicle, because of this incident the emperor called Amar Singh an "unbeliever". Bahadur Shah waged war against the king until Muhammad Kam Bakhsh's insurgency diverted him southward.
1244:
On 20 December 1708, Bahadur Shah marched towards Talab-i-Mir Jumla, on the outskirts of Hyderabad, with "three hundred camels, twenty thousand rockets" for war with Kam Baksh. His son
1190:
Bahadur Shah reached Hyderabad on 28 June 1708, where he learned that Kam Bakhsh had attacked Machhlibandar to seize over three million rupees' worth of treasure hidden in its fort. The
1649:
of Jalandhar, to effect reforms and hand over the treasury. Shamas Khan pretended submission and later started attacking them. He appealed to Muslims in name of religion and declared a
1263:
and Jahan Shah, and the second under Zulfiqar Khan Nusrat Jung. Two hours later Kam Bakhsh's camp was surrounded, and Zulfiqar Khan impatiently attacked him with his "small force".
1358:
to Rani Jadav Jaskumvar, Aurangzeb ordered he be brought to Delhi along with Jaswant Singh's widows. Aurangzeb intended to directly annex Marwar into the Mughal empire. The
1183:
In May 1708, Bahadur Shah wrote a letter to Kam Bakhsh in which he warned his brother against proclaiming himself an independent sovereign and began a journey to the
1789:
and Sirhind. Six days later, a small group of Sikhs were defeated at Mewati and Banswal. The city of Sirhind fell to the Mughals on 7 December; its besieger, general
1300:
After ascending the throne, Bahadur Shah made plans to annex Rajput kingdoms who declared independence after Aurangzeb's death. On 10 November, he began his march to
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In 1670, Mu'azzam organised an insurgency to overthrow Aurangzeb and proclaim himself the Mughal emperor. This plan may have been hatched at the instigation of the
1824:
them that he was preparing to attack Delhi via Ajmer. Banda Bahadur received soldiers from village ruler Ram Chand for his march against the Mughals, and besieged
1614:
were notorious for anti-Hindu acts, especially slaughtering cows. The town was sacked and the Pirzadas killed. The Sikhs then marched to Jalalabad and Banda asked
1626:
on 21 July 1710 and defeated the local Sheikhzadas, who had put up a gallant defence but ultimately submitted to Banda Bahadur's superior forces. The Sikhs then
2039:
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and many other officers (September, 1708). The emperor, then in the Deccan had to patch up a truce by restoring Ajit Singh and Jai Singh to the Mughal service.
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At sunrise the following day, the Mughal army charged towards Kam Bakhsh. His 15,000 troops were divided into two bodies: one led by Mumin Khan, assisted by
1199:
declared their independence and garrison leader Daler Khan Bijapuri "reported his desertion from Kam Bakhsh". On 5 November 1708 Bahadur Shah's camp reached
1913:. He had a heated argument with Yar Muhammad, saying that martyrdom by a king was the only thing he wanted. Yar Muhammad (supported by the emperor's son,
2335:
1236:, to pay him 200,000 rupees for Kam Bakhsh's capture. On 20 December, Kam Bakhsh was reported to have a cavalry of 2,500 and an infantry of 5,000.
58:
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Banda Bahadur was staying in Alhalab, 7 miles (11 km) from Lahore. When Mughal workers came to repair a bridge in the village, his followers
1089:
Aurangzeb died in 1707, without appointing a crown prince or a designated successor. Mu'azzam was governor of Kabul and his younger half-brothers
3791:, p. xi: "Represents Bahadur Shah I's sons including Azim Us Shan, Jahandar Shah, Rafi Us Shan, Muiz Ud Din, and his fourth son Jahan Shah."
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wrote that as his "camp drew nearer desertions from Kam Bakhsh became more and more frequent". On 1 November, Kam Bakhsh captured Pam Naik's (
1797:, Bahadur Shah marched towards Lohgarh, where Banda Bahadur was staying. On 30 November he attacked the Lohgarh fort, capturing three guns,
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respectively. All three sons intended to win the crown, and Kam Bakhsh began minting coins in his name. Mu'azzam defeated Azam Shah at the
1446:'s of Amber, Udaipur and Jodhpur made a joint resistance to the Mughals. The Rajputs first expelled the Mughal commandants of Jodhpur and
2821:
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wrote to him that he had "chopped three hundred heads of rebels"; Khan sent them to the emperor, who displayed them mounted on spears.
835:, his third son by his chief consort declared himself successor, but was shortly defeated in one of the largest battles of India, the
4826:
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Shah Jahan and his paradise on earth: the story of Shah Jahan's creations in Agra and Shahjahanabad in the golden days of the Mughals
1084:
992:, and Mu'azzam's own inclinations and sincerity are difficult to gauge. Aurangzeb learned of the plot and sent Mu'azzam's mother,
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in March 1707. On the news of Aurangzeb's death spread through the city, the city's governor, Sayyid Niyaz Khan surrendered the
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and refused to wage war against them out of "genuine respect" for their religion. That year Mu'azzam was appointed governor of
1011:. According to Faruqui, Mu'azzam deliberately failed in his mission. In 1683, after being ordered by Aurangzeb to march to the
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1954:, of "enlargement of the spleen". On 11 April, his body was sent to Delhi under the supervision of his widow Mihr-Parwar and
1604:
of Saharanpur, Ali Hamid Khan, fled to Delhi while the Sikhs defeated the defenders and reduced the town. They next attacked
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Sikhs used their newly established power to remove Mughal officials and replace them with Sikhs. Banda made his capital at
2311:
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For the next seven years, from 1681 to 1687, historian Munis Faruqui describes Mu'azzam as a "grudgingly obedient son".
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responsible for the matter, and had him arrested. On 2 October, although the army was deployed at the mosque the old
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to pay his respects to his father. Kam Bakhsh thanked him in a letter, "without either explaining or justifying ".
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to him without a fight. Ascending the throne of Bijapur, Kam Bakhsh made Ahsan Khan, who served in the army as the
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while the indolent Mu'azzam did little to prevent it. Enraged at this, Aurangzeb sent his most able commander Raja
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during Aurangzeb's reign. During the war of succession after Shah Jahan, he had backed Aurangzeb's older brother
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In 1681, Mu'azzam was sent back by Aurangzeb to the Deccan to cut off the retreat of his rebellious half-brother
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The Lineage Of Shah Alam I; represents all his descendants whether from written traditions or verbal traditions.
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Kulkarni, G. T. (1979), "Shivaji-Mughal Relations (1669–80): Gleanings from some unpublished Persian records",
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led by Isa Khan. In the July battle, Banda Bahadur was defeated and fled to the Jammu hills. Forces led by
1500:'s death, left the Deccan for the north. The Sikhs started moving cautiously towards Delhi and entered the
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With his soldiers outnumbered and unable to resist the attack, Kam Bakhsh joined the battle and shot two
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and recovered Amber by a night attack. They next killed Sayyid Hussain Khan Barha, the commandant of
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Chiefs and Families of Note in the Delhi, Jalandhar, Peshawar and Derajat Divisions of the Panjab
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a few months before his death, apparently having grown disillusioned with Bahadur Shah, and told
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1324:, and he received gifts valued at 100,000 rupees. Amber passed into Mughal hands without a war.
808:, who he conspired to overthrow in his youth. He was also governor of the imperial provinces of
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3018:. University of California Libraries. London, New York, Longmans, Green and co. p. 192.
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1793:, gave the emperor a golden key ring commemorating the victory. After failing to recapture
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as the governor of Deccan in 1663. Shivaji raided the outskirts of Mughal Deccan's capital
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2085:. According to William Irvine, his maternal grandfather was Shah Mir (whose daughter,
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1996:; poet Danishmand Khan composed two lines for the coins, but they were not approved.
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but all of them except for the rebellion by Hindu Rajputs were successfully quelled.
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History of Aurangzib mainly based on Persian sources: Volume 1 – Reign of Shah Jahan
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1730:, and Man Singh of Amber before turning to fight Banda Bahadur. He also ordered the
1046:, he thought it necessary to leave the Sikhs undisturbed in their fortified city of
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that if Bahadur tried to enter their province, he should be "sent to the Emperor".
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1682:
1529:
1387:
1363:
1301:
1272:
981:, Mu'azzam was given charge of the Deccan in May 1667 and was assisted by Maharaja
879:
358:
Abul-Nasir Sayid Qutub-ud-din Mirza Muhammad Muazzam Shah Alam Bahadur Shah Badshah
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and Muhammad Amin Khan followed but failed to capture him. The emperor issued an
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in April 1711. After learning from messenger Rustan Jung that he had crossed the
1507:
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1317:
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934:, Mu'azzam was appointed vizer of Lahore from 1653 to 1659. In 1663, he replaced
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declared a jihad against them with the governor not confronting the Sikhs. The
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he assumed that position in 1699, holding it until his father's death in 1707.
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J. S. Grewal (2019). "Failure of Negotiations with Bahadur Shah (1707–8)".
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were annexed again after they had declared independence a few years prior.
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on 12 October 1710. At Amritsar, about 8,000 Sikhs assembled and captured
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The New Cambridge History of India: Part I, Volume V – The Mughal Empire
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Suspecting that Banda Bahadur was allied with Bhup Prakash, the king of
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2963:"History | Rajouri, Government of Jammu and Kashmir | India"
2847:. Vol. II. New Delhi: A.P.H. Publishing Corporation. p. 35.
1213:, the landlord of Wakinkhera) holdings after Naik abandoned his army.
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and overthrown by Bahadur Shah. During the reign of Bahadur Shah, the
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and Sikh converts complaining of imprisonment and persecution by the
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where they started preparation for a military campaign. They stormed
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from 1707 to 1712. He was the second son of the sixth Mughal Emperor
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1917:) recruited troops against Shah, but no war was fought. He held the
1714:. He abolished the mughal zamindari system and gave the cultivators
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and Riarki of central Punjab. They also attacked Lahore, where the
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Bahadur Shah, upon hearing of the uprising led by Banda Bahadur in
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Singh, Nagendra Kumar, ed. (2001). "Bahadur Shah (1643 — 1712)".
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Bahadur Shah I, post coronation painting featuring Mughal symbols
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Bahadur Shah was born as Muhammad Mu'azzam on 14 October 1643 in
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1901:. Because of this, the citizens of Lahore resented reciting the
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1359:
1267:
1055:
1035:
1012:
919:
856:
840:
821:
817:
167:
3550:
3548:
2845:
Encyclopaedia of Muslim Biography: India, Pakistan, Bangladesh
1879:
After ascending the throne, emperor Bahadur Shah converted to
1851:
Banda Bahadur was attacked by Muhammad Amin Khan at the river
1785:, where Mughal cartographer Rustam Dil Khan gave him a map of
4677:
4521:
4511:
4121:, vol. II (2nd ed.), Sterling Publishers Pvt. Ltd,
2031:
2026:
1861:
1841:
1749:
1664:
1656:
1655:
against the Sikhs. The Sikhs, being outnumbered, withdrew to
1651:
1605:
1549:
1455:
1405:
declared their independence after Aurangzeb's death in 1707.
1371:
1200:
1059:
1030:
825:
813:
534:
490:
456:
196:
192:
1848:
s (landlord) of Jammu to take the Sikh captive if possible.
5098:
3545:
3450:
J. S. Grewal (1966). "Bahadur Shah and Guru Gobind Singh".
2663:
2633:
1889:
1581:
After the victory at Sirhind, the Sikhs turned towards the
1443:
1051:
1038:
to fight the chieftains and subdue a rebellion by the Sikh
871:
866:
809:
3085:
3083:
3070:
3068:
3066:
3029:
3027:
3025:
1894:
1659:
and captured its fort after defeating the Mughals in the
1042:. Although the commander imposed "heavy taxation" on the
861:
3838:
3836:
3736:
3734:
3697:
3695:
1887:) for the monarch said every Friday by giving the title
1637:
The Sikhs tried to oust the Mughals from the regions of
854:
Bahadur Shah also sparked an Islamic controversy in the
792:(14 October 1643 – 27 February 1712), commonly known as
3865:
3863:
3487:
3471:
Guru Gobind Singh (1666-1708): Master of the White Hawk
3421:
3419:
3417:
3415:
3402:
3400:
3351:
3349:
3300:
3298:
3285:
3283:
3270:
3268:
3243:
3241:
3204:
3202:
3177:
3175:
3150:
3148:
3146:
2993:
2981:
2820:. Atlantic Publishers & Distributors. p. 141.
1374:
and reached the city on 24 March, where he visited the
1275:
to the emperor's camp, where he died the next morning.
1203:, 67 miles (108 km) north of Hyderabad. Historian
4064:
Storia Do Mogor: Or, Mogul India, 1653–1708 – Volume 2
3634:
3632:
3619:
3617:
3604:
3602:
3589:
3587:
3572:
3095:
3080:
3063:
3051:
3022:
1726:
Bahadur Shah signed peace treaties with Ajit Singh of
1159:. Although the king of Golconda refused to surrender,
3833:
3806:
3794:
3770:
3758:
3746:
3731:
3719:
3707:
3692:
3535:
3533:
3531:
2921:
2919:
2861:
1618:
to surrender and release the Sikh prisoners, but the
1408:
While in Jodhpur, Bahadur Shah got the news that the
870:. His reign was disturbed by several rebellions, the
4334:
The Sikhs : Their Journey of Five Hundred Years
3860:
3848:
3823:
3821:
3560:
3412:
3397:
3385:
3373:
3361:
3346:
3334:
3322:
3310:
3295:
3280:
3265:
3253:
3238:
3226:
3214:
3199:
3187:
3172:
3143:
2943:
2904:
1596:, Banda Bahadur marched on Saharanpur on the way to
4356:, Patiala: Publication Bureau, Punjabi University,
3680:
3668:
3656:
3644:
3629:
3614:
3599:
3584:
3505:
3431:
3160:
3131:
3119:
3107:
3039:
2931:
2421:
Shahab-ud-din Muhammad Shah Jahan I, Mughal Emperor
1781:On 1 November 1710 the emperor reached the city of
3528:
2916:
1958:. He was buried on 15 May in the courtyard of the
1114:Muhammad Kam Bakhsh, marched with his soldiers to
4381:
3884:
3818:
1239:
5515:
1442:to punish Muhammad Kam Bakhsh, the three Rajput
1058:. After the death of Amin Khan, the governor of
4382:Thackeray, Frank W.; Findling, John E. (2012),
4118:Advanced Study in the History of Medieval India
1397:, had submitted to Mughal rule in 1615, during
4298:, Canadian Sikh Study & Teaching Society,
2479:Muhi-ud-din Muhammad Aurangzeb, Mughal Emperor
1002:
4475:
3473:. Oxford University Press. pp. 199–223.
2882:"A Case Study of Rajouri District in J&K"
2081:, used by descendants of the Islamic prophet
1686:Bahadur Shah I with his four sons clockwise:
770:
4008:, New Delhi: Sanbun Publishers, p. 81,
3468:
3449:
2880:Manik, M. Mazammil Hussain (November 2009).
2395:Nur-ud-din Muhammad Jahangir, Mughal Emperor
966:Emperor Aurangzeb Receives Prince Mu'azzam.
4110:, Allahabad: The Pioneer Press, p. 396
3905:The Princes of the Mughal Empire, 1504–1719
385:
4482:
4468:
4349:
4036:Proceedings of the Indian History Congress
3554:
3452:Proceedings of the Indian History Congress
2181:, Humayun Bakht, Ruh-ul-Quds, Ahsan-ullah
2059:
1634:due to the flooding in the Krishna River.
1224:, Bahadur Shah ordered his prime minister
777:
763:
66:
1755:Wazid Khan to accompany him into battle.
1721:
910:, later Mughal emperor Aurangzeb, by his
30:For other people with similar names, see
4675:
4186:
4033:
4001:
3578:
2999:
2987:
2888:. Vol. 3, no. 11. p. 46.
2063:
1940:
1681:
1465:
1370:scarf. Bahadur Shah then headed towards
1292:On his march to Amber, Shah visited the
1287:
1134:
1109:
1069:
961:
893:
4353:A Short History of the Sikhs: 1469–1765
4268:Sastri, Kallidaikurichi Aiyah Nilakanta
4158:Comprehensive history of medieval India
4057:
3901:
3788:
3101:
3089:
3074:
3057:
3033:
2910:
2867:
1585:. With trouble arising in a pargana of
1532:whilst sacking the town. Before taking
1220:Thinking that Kam Bakhsh might flee to
14:
5516:
4266:
4234:
4225:
3978:
3925:
3842:
3812:
3800:
3776:
3764:
3752:
3740:
3725:
3713:
3701:
3566:
3493:
3425:
3406:
3391:
3379:
3367:
3355:
3340:
3328:
3316:
3304:
3289:
3274:
3259:
3247:
3232:
3220:
3208:
3193:
3181:
3154:
3125:
3045:
3011:
2949:
2937:
2925:
2813:
2613:
2609:
2599:
2494:
2384:
2380:
1737:, provincial governor Khan-i-Durrani,
1178:
4463:
4331:
4311:
4291:
4114:
4103:
3869:
3854:
3686:
3674:
3662:
3650:
3638:
3623:
3608:
3593:
3539:
3509:Struggle of the Sikhs for Sovereignty
3113:
2879:
2842:
2809:
2807:
2805:
2803:
2801:
2725:
2719:
2709:
2697:
2687:
2683:
2671:
2661:
2651:
2631:
2621:
2617:
2593:
2583:
2570:
2560:
2556:
2544:
2538:
2528:
2512:
2502:
2498:
2482:
2476:
2466:
2450:
2440:
2436:
2424:
2418:
2408:
2392:
2388:
1871:
1097:were the governors of the Deccan and
925:
4402:from the original on 7 February 2024
4370:from the original on 7 February 2024
4280:from the original on 7 February 2024
4255:from the original on 7 February 2024
4214:from the original on 7 February 2024
4175:from the original on 21 January 2024
4154:
4143:from the original on 7 February 2024
4092:from the original on 7 February 2024
4022:from the original on 7 February 2024
3964:
3953:from the original on 7 February 2024
3516:from the original on 23 October 2023
3437:
3166:
3137:
2892:from the original on 23 October 2023
2317:Emperor Bahadur Shah I with his sons
1771:en route. In October, his commander
1438:While the emperor was on his way to
1085:Mughal war of succession (1707–1709)
1078:
1054:, and in 1696 he was transferred to
957:
94:19 June 1707 – 27 February 1712
4385:Events That Formed the Modern World
4230:. M.C. Sarkar & sons, Calcutta.
4071:
3827:
2596:Qutb-ud-din Muhammad Bahadur Shah I
1427:
24:
4350:Singh, Teja; Singh, Ganda (1999),
2824:from the original on 18 March 2023
2798:
1897:, the fourth caliph and the first
1883:and altered the public prayer (or
1645:. They called on Shamas Khan, the
1518:in November 1709 and defeated the
906:. He was the eldest son of prince
25:
5560:
5549:18th-century Mughal Empire people
2969:from the original on 23 June 2023
2292:Source: Irvine, pp. 143–144
1470:Bahadur Shah on a Sikh expedition
1461:
1023:
4490:
2346:
2334:
2322:
2310:
2054:
2038:
2017:
2001:
1945:Moti Masjid, Shah's burial place
1248:, was made the commander of the
930:During his grandfather's reign,
860:by inserting the declaration of
466:
27:Mughal emperor from 1707 to 1712
4787:Suppression of Tilpat rebellion
4104:Massy, Charles Francis (1890),
3782:
3499:
3462:
3443:
3005:
2955:
2329:Bahadur Shah enthroned outdoors
1744:Muhammad Amin Khan Chin, Delhi
278:
256:
221:
5324:List of tombs of Mughal Empire
4782:Mughal–Safavid war (1649–1653)
4777:Mughal–Safavid war (1622–1623)
3974:, vol. 4, Chand & Co.
3971:The Cambridge History of India
2873:
2836:
2779:
1278:
1240:Defeat and death of Kam Bakhsh
1074:Bahadur Shah I and his Consort
1065:
642:Rafi-ud-Daulah (Shah Jahan II)
13:
1:
5524:Emperors of the Mughal Empire
3894:
3885:Thackeray & Findling 2012
2295:
889:
260:
225:
73:
32:Bahadur Shah (disambiguation)
4276:, vol. 3, Viswanathan,
3506:Surjit Singh Gandhi (1980).
2302:Depictions of Bahadur Shah I
1979:He was succeeded by his son
1832:, the emperor attacked with
1679:were defeated by the Sikhs.
1434:Rajput Rebellion (1708–1710)
898:Prince Mu'azzam in his youth
602:Bahadur Shah I (Shah Alam I)
7:
4832:Mughal–Portuguese conflicts
2370:Ancestors of Bahadur Shah I
2361:
2092:
1003:Rebellion against Aurangzeb
820:and had to face revolts of
10:
5565:
5231:Alamgir Mosque, Aurangabad
4198:Cambridge University Press
3988:, Low Price Publications,
3937:Cambridge University Press
3910:Cambridge University Press
3902:Faruqui, Munis D. (2012),
2611:
2488:
2382:
1966:, which he built near the
1630:Jalalabad but withdrew to
1431:
1381:
1327:
1082:
36:Shah Alam (disambiguation)
29:
5440:
5374:
5332:
5269:
5251:Shah Jahan Mosque, Thatta
5221:
5180:
5171:
5044:
4973:
4840:
4754:
4620:
4502:
4448:
4439:
4431:
4417:
4241:, K.P. Bagchi & Co.,
4226:Sarkar, Jadunath (1912).
3012:Sarkar, Jadunath (1920).
2814:Irvine, William (1991) .
2703:
2685:
2677:
2645:
2619:
2615:
2577:
2558:
2550:
2522:
2500:
2496:
2460:
2438:
2430:
2402:
2386:
2353:An elderly Bahadur Shah I
1929:(which did not call Ali "
1791:Muhammad Amin Khan Turani
1710:, where he established a
1540:, Banda Bahadur captured
1226:Zulfiqar Khan Nusrat Jung
831:After Aurangzeb's death,
462:
452:
442:
432:
420:
408:
383:
376:
369:
362:
357:
352:
348:
300:
235:
203:
177:
157:
132:
128:
118:
108:
98:
90:
83:
65:
52:
45:
4822:Indian Rebellion of 1857
4767:Mughal conquest of Malwa
4292:Singh, Gurbaksh (1927),
4002:Jawandha, Nahar (2010),
2785:From 1707, he developed
2772:
1986:
1936:
1283:
1142:established his rule in
874:under the leadership of
709:Mahmud Shah (Jahan Shah)
4797:Tibet–Ladakh–Mughal war
4332:Singh, Raj Pal (2003),
4312:Singh, Patwant (2010),
4235:Sarker, Kobita (2007),
4161:, Sterling Publishers,
4044:Indian History Congress
3932:The Sikhs of the Punjab
2060:Name, title and lineage
1974:Qutbuddin Bakhtiar Kaki
1921:(chief reciter) at the
1538:Battle of Chappar Chiri
973:After Raja Jai Singh I
790:Mirza Muhammad Mu'azzam
136:Mirza Muhammad Mu'azzam
4115:Mehta, J. L. (1984) ,
3555:Singh & Singh 1999
2089:, married Aurangzeb).
2069:
1983:who ruled until 1713.
1946:
1722:Efforts at suppression
1703:
1622:refused. They came to
1570:, and had invaded the
1471:
1297:
1232:, the governor of the
1151:conquer the states of
1147:
1075:
970:
968:Chester Beatty Library
950:and here the historic
918:, who belonged to the
899:
5544:People from Burhanpur
5309:Tomb of Salim Chishti
4792:Ahom–Mughal conflicts
4542:Aurangzeb (Alamgir I)
4318:, Rupa Publications,
4078:, Konark Publishers,
3015:Shivaji and his times
2515:Abu'l-Hasan Asaf Khan
2272:Dahr Afruz Banu Begum
2067:
1944:
1685:
1469:
1310:Tomb of Salim Chishti
1294:tomb of Salim Chishti
1291:
1252:, but later replaced
1138:
1110:Kam Bakhsh's uprising
1073:
1009:Sultan Muhammad Akbar
965:
897:
582:Aurangzeb (Alamgir I)
338:Dahr Afrūz Bānū Begum
148:Shahi Qila, Burhanpur
5271:Tombs and mausoleums
2662:6. Taj-ud-din Khan,
1556:of Sirhind, several
1401:reign. However, the
1335:, the leader of the
908:Muhi al-Din Muhammad
882:and a Mughal prince
395:Departed to Paradise
259: 1660;
224: 1659;
85:Emperor of Hindustan
5236:Jama Masjid (Delhi)
4802:Mughal–Maratha wars
4295:The Khalsa Generals
4155:Puri, B.N. (2003),
4005:Glimpses of Sikhism
1718:of their own land.
1354:After the birth of
1179:March to the Deccan
1091:Muhammad Kam Bakhsh
5488:Nizam of Hyderabad
4762:Mughal-Rajput wars
4582:Ahmad Shah Bahadur
4547:Muhammad Azam Shah
4336:, Pentagon Press,
4072:Lal, Muni (1989),
2632:12. Sarmast Khan,
2218:Nur-un-nissa Begum
2077:to have the title
2070:
2045:Silver rupee from
2008:Silver rupee from
1962:(Pearl Mosque) in
1947:
1855:, escaping to the
1704:
1616:Jalal Khan Orakzai
1496:only a year after
1472:
1298:
1228:to negotiate with
1148:
1095:Muhammad Azam Shah
1076:
971:
952:Treaty of Purandar
926:Shah Jahan's reign
900:
833:Muhammad Azam Shah
210:Nur-un-Nissa Begum
5511:
5510:
5498:Kingdom of Mysore
5432:Foreign relations
5370:
5369:
5319:Tomb of Nur Jahan
5314:Tomb of Aurangzeb
5261:Wazir Khan Mosque
5181:Forts and palaces
5167:
5166:
5139:Guru Gobind Singh
5067:Bayazid of Sylhet
4750:
4749:
4650:Foreign relations
4458:
4457:
4449:Succeeded by
4395:978-1-59884-901-1
4343:978-81-86505-46-5
4325:978-81-7167-624-8
4248:978-81-7074-300-2
4188:Richards, John F.
4168:978-81-207-2508-9
4128:978-81-207-1015-3
4059:Manucci, Niccolao
3985:The Later Mughals
3946:978-0-521-63764-0
3919:978-1-107-02217-1
3557:, pp. 86–88.
3496:, pp. 82–83.
2769:
2768:
2765:
2764:
2571:11. Diwanji Begum
2290:
2289:
2049:(Old Delhi), 1708
1526:Battle of Sonipat
1498:Guru Gobind Singh
1422:Bahadur Shah Nama
1345:Kingdom of Marwar
1308:. He visited the
1234:Madras Presidency
1185:Tomb of Aurangzeb
1079:War of succession
1040:Guru Gobind Singh
958:Aurangzeb's reign
800:, was the eighth
787:
786:
754:
753:
727:
700:
563:
526:
509:
474:
473:
404:
403:
327:Daulat Afzā Mīrzā
59:Al-Sultan Al-Azam
16:(Redirected from
5556:
5539:People from Agra
5478:Nawabs of Bengal
5441:Successor states
5345:Shalimar Gardens
5289:Gardens of Babur
5178:
5177:
5124:Lachit Borphukan
4838:
4837:
4827:Mughal–Sikh wars
4772:Gujarat conquest
4673:
4672:
4665:Mughal artillery
4494:
4484:
4477:
4470:
4461:
4460:
4432:Preceded by
4415:
4414:
4410:
4409:
4407:
4378:
4377:
4375:
4346:
4328:
4308:
4288:
4287:
4285:
4273:History of India
4263:
4262:
4260:
4231:
4222:
4221:
4219:
4183:
4182:
4180:
4151:
4150:
4148:
4111:
4100:
4099:
4097:
4068:
4054:
4030:
4029:
4027:
3998:
3975:
3961:
3960:
3958:
3922:
3888:
3882:
3873:
3867:
3858:
3852:
3846:
3840:
3831:
3825:
3816:
3810:
3804:
3798:
3792:
3786:
3780:
3774:
3768:
3762:
3756:
3750:
3744:
3738:
3729:
3723:
3717:
3711:
3705:
3699:
3690:
3684:
3678:
3672:
3666:
3660:
3654:
3648:
3642:
3636:
3627:
3621:
3612:
3606:
3597:
3591:
3582:
3576:
3570:
3564:
3558:
3552:
3543:
3537:
3526:
3525:
3523:
3521:
3503:
3497:
3491:
3485:
3484:
3466:
3460:
3459:
3447:
3441:
3435:
3429:
3423:
3410:
3404:
3395:
3389:
3383:
3377:
3371:
3365:
3359:
3353:
3344:
3338:
3332:
3326:
3320:
3314:
3308:
3302:
3293:
3287:
3278:
3272:
3263:
3257:
3251:
3245:
3236:
3230:
3224:
3218:
3212:
3206:
3197:
3191:
3185:
3179:
3170:
3164:
3158:
3152:
3141:
3135:
3129:
3123:
3117:
3111:
3105:
3099:
3093:
3087:
3078:
3072:
3061:
3055:
3049:
3043:
3037:
3031:
3020:
3019:
3009:
3003:
2997:
2991:
2985:
2979:
2978:
2976:
2974:
2959:
2953:
2947:
2941:
2935:
2929:
2923:
2914:
2908:
2902:
2901:
2899:
2897:
2877:
2871:
2865:
2859:
2858:
2840:
2834:
2833:
2831:
2829:
2811:
2790:
2783:
2376:
2375:
2367:
2366:
2350:
2338:
2326:
2314:
2255:Muhammad Humayun
2231:Muhammad Ibrahim
2195:Amrit Kanwar of
2177:Muhammad Karim,
2171:Amrit Kanwar of
2097:
2096:
2042:
2021:
2005:
1956:Chin Qilich Khan
1866:Himachal Pradesh
1776:Nawab Feroz Khan
1530:Battle of Samana
1428:Rajput Rebellion
1388:Kingdom of Mewar
1364:Durgadas Rathore
1302:Kingdom of Amber
880:Durgadas Rathore
878:, Rajputs under
779:
772:
765:
721:
694:
557:
520:
503:
487:
486:
476:
475:
470:
399:
396:
393:
390:
387:
384:"Khuld Manzil" (
350:
349:
314:Azz-ud-Dīn Mīrzā
282:
280:
264:
262:
258:
229:
227:
223:
164:
161:27 February 1712
144:
142:
78:
75:
70:
43:
42:
21:
5564:
5563:
5559:
5558:
5557:
5555:
5554:
5553:
5514:
5513:
5512:
5507:
5483:Nawabs of Awadh
5436:
5417:Persian Mughals
5366:
5350:Achabal Gardens
5328:
5299:Jahangir's Tomb
5284:Bibi Ka Maqbara
5265:
5246:Badshahi Mosque
5217:
5163:
5129:Khushal Khattak
5104:Maharana Pratap
5040:
4969:
4950:Thanesar (1710)
4945:Thanesar (1567)
4836:
4746:
4671:
4616:
4612:Bahadur Shah II
4567:Rafi ud-Darajat
4498:
4488:
4454:
4445:
4437:
4427:
4420:
4419:Bahadur Shah I
4413:
4405:
4403:
4396:
4373:
4371:
4364:
4344:
4326:
4306:
4283:
4281:
4258:
4256:
4249:
4217:
4215:
4208:
4178:
4176:
4169:
4146:
4144:
4129:
4095:
4093:
4086:
4025:
4023:
4016:
3996:
3980:Irvine, William
3956:
3954:
3947:
3920:
3897:
3892:
3891:
3883:
3876:
3868:
3861:
3853:
3849:
3841:
3834:
3826:
3819:
3811:
3807:
3799:
3795:
3787:
3783:
3775:
3771:
3763:
3759:
3751:
3747:
3739:
3732:
3724:
3720:
3712:
3708:
3700:
3693:
3685:
3681:
3673:
3669:
3661:
3657:
3649:
3645:
3637:
3630:
3622:
3615:
3607:
3600:
3592:
3585:
3577:
3573:
3565:
3561:
3553:
3546:
3538:
3529:
3519:
3517:
3504:
3500:
3492:
3488:
3481:
3467:
3463:
3448:
3444:
3436:
3432:
3424:
3413:
3405:
3398:
3390:
3386:
3378:
3374:
3366:
3362:
3354:
3347:
3339:
3335:
3327:
3323:
3315:
3311:
3303:
3296:
3288:
3281:
3273:
3266:
3258:
3254:
3246:
3239:
3231:
3227:
3219:
3215:
3207:
3200:
3192:
3188:
3180:
3173:
3165:
3161:
3153:
3144:
3136:
3132:
3124:
3120:
3112:
3108:
3100:
3096:
3088:
3081:
3073:
3064:
3056:
3052:
3044:
3040:
3032:
3023:
3010:
3006:
2998:
2994:
2986:
2982:
2972:
2970:
2961:
2960:
2956:
2948:
2944:
2936:
2932:
2924:
2917:
2909:
2905:
2895:
2893:
2878:
2874:
2866:
2862:
2855:
2841:
2837:
2827:
2825:
2812:
2799:
2794:
2793:
2784:
2780:
2775:
2770:
2722:Nawab Bai Begum
2364:
2359:
2358:
2357:
2354:
2351:
2342:
2339:
2330:
2327:
2318:
2315:
2304:
2303:
2298:
2227:Rafi ud-Darajat
2095:
2062:
2057:
2050:
2043:
2034:
2022:
2013:
2006:
1989:
1939:
1923:Badshahi Mosque
1877:
1864:in present-day
1724:
1661:Battle of Rahon
1483:to prepare the
1464:
1436:
1430:
1384:
1337:Rathore dynasty
1330:
1318:Sawai Jai Singh
1286:
1281:
1271:was brought by
1242:
1181:
1169:Rustam Dil Khan
1132:and Wakinkhera.
1112:
1103:Battle of Jajau
1087:
1081:
1068:
1026:
1005:
994:Begum Nawab Bai
960:
928:
892:
837:Battle of Jajau
783:
746:Bahadur Shah II
632:Rafi-ud-Darajat
480:Mughal emperors
427:Timurid dynasty
397:
394:
391:
388:
378:Posthumous name
371:
344:
296:
284:
281: 1671)
276:
272:
266:
263: 1692)
254:
250:
247:
231:
228: 1701)
219:
215:
212:
199:
182:
166:
162:
146:
145:14 October 1643
140:
138:
137:
79:
76:
72:Bahadur Shah I
57:
47:
39:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
5562:
5552:
5551:
5546:
5541:
5536:
5531:
5526:
5509:
5508:
5506:
5505:
5500:
5495:
5490:
5485:
5480:
5475:
5470:
5465:
5460:
5458:Maratha Empire
5455:
5444:
5442:
5438:
5437:
5435:
5434:
5429:
5424:
5419:
5414:
5409:
5404:
5399:
5394:
5389:
5384:
5378:
5376:
5372:
5371:
5368:
5367:
5365:
5364:
5357:
5352:
5347:
5342:
5340:Fatehpur Sikri
5336:
5334:
5330:
5329:
5327:
5326:
5321:
5316:
5311:
5306:
5301:
5296:
5294:Humayun's Tomb
5291:
5286:
5281:
5275:
5273:
5267:
5266:
5264:
5263:
5258:
5256:Sunehri Masjid
5253:
5248:
5243:
5238:
5233:
5227:
5225:
5219:
5218:
5216:
5215:
5210:
5208:Jahangir Mahal
5205:
5200:
5195:
5190:
5184:
5182:
5175:
5169:
5168:
5165:
5164:
5162:
5161:
5156:
5151:
5146:
5141:
5136:
5131:
5126:
5121:
5116:
5111:
5106:
5101:
5096:
5094:Sher Shah Suri
5091:
5086:
5081:
5080:
5079:
5074:
5069:
5064:
5059:
5048:
5046:
5042:
5041:
5039:
5038:
5033:
5028:
5023:
5018:
5013:
5008:
5003:
4998:
4993:
4988:
4983:
4977:
4975:
4971:
4970:
4968:
4967:
4962:
4957:
4952:
4947:
4942:
4937:
4932:
4927:
4922:
4920:Panipat (1761)
4917:
4915:Panipat (1556)
4912:
4910:Panipat (1526)
4907:
4902:
4897:
4892:
4887:
4882:
4877:
4872:
4867:
4862:
4857:
4855:Badli-ki-Serai
4852:
4846:
4844:
4835:
4834:
4829:
4824:
4819:
4814:
4809:
4804:
4799:
4794:
4789:
4784:
4779:
4774:
4769:
4764:
4758:
4756:
4752:
4751:
4748:
4747:
4745:
4744:
4739:
4734:
4729:
4724:
4719:
4714:
4709:
4704:
4699:
4694:
4689:
4683:
4681:
4670:
4669:
4668:
4667:
4657:
4652:
4647:
4642:
4637:
4636:
4635:
4624:
4622:
4621:Administration
4618:
4617:
4615:
4614:
4609:
4604:
4599:
4594:
4592:Shah Jahan III
4589:
4584:
4579:
4574:
4569:
4564:
4559:
4554:
4552:Bahadur Shah I
4549:
4544:
4539:
4534:
4529:
4524:
4519:
4514:
4508:
4506:
4500:
4499:
4487:
4486:
4479:
4472:
4464:
4456:
4455:
4450:
4447:
4442:Mughal Emperor
4438:
4433:
4429:
4428:
4424:Mughal dynasty
4421:
4418:
4412:
4411:
4394:
4379:
4362:
4347:
4342:
4329:
4324:
4309:
4304:
4289:
4264:
4247:
4232:
4223:
4206:
4184:
4167:
4152:
4127:
4112:
4101:
4084:
4069:
4055:
4031:
4014:
3999:
3994:
3976:
3966:Haig, Wolseley
3962:
3945:
3923:
3918:
3898:
3896:
3893:
3890:
3889:
3887:, p. 254.
3874:
3872:, p. 418.
3859:
3857:, p. 396.
3847:
3845:, p. 187.
3832:
3817:
3815:, p. 144.
3805:
3803:, p. 143.
3793:
3781:
3779:, p. 140.
3769:
3767:, p. 141.
3757:
3755:, p. 158.
3745:
3743:, p. 135.
3730:
3728:, p. 133.
3718:
3716:, p. 131.
3706:
3704:, p. 130.
3691:
3679:
3667:
3655:
3643:
3628:
3613:
3598:
3583:
3571:
3559:
3544:
3527:
3512:. p. 12.
3498:
3486:
3479:
3461:
3442:
3440:, p. 322.
3430:
3411:
3396:
3384:
3372:
3360:
3345:
3333:
3321:
3309:
3294:
3279:
3264:
3252:
3237:
3225:
3213:
3198:
3186:
3171:
3169:, p. 199.
3159:
3142:
3140:, p. 198.
3130:
3118:
3106:
3104:, p. 286.
3094:
3092:, p. 285.
3079:
3077:, p. 307.
3062:
3060:, p. 306.
3050:
3038:
3036:, p. 305.
3021:
3004:
3002:, p. 336.
2992:
2990:, p. 209.
2980:
2954:
2952:, p. 136.
2942:
2930:
2915:
2903:
2872:
2870:, p. 303.
2860:
2853:
2835:
2796:
2795:
2792:
2791:
2777:
2776:
2774:
2771:
2767:
2766:
2763:
2762:
2760:
2758:
2756:
2754:
2752:
2750:
2748:
2746:
2744:
2742:
2740:
2738:
2736:
2733:
2732:
2730:
2727:
2726:
2724:
2718:
2715:
2714:
2711:
2710:
2708:
2705:
2704:
2702:
2699:
2698:
2696:
2693:
2692:
2689:
2688:
2686:
2684:
2682:
2679:
2678:
2676:
2673:
2672:
2670:
2660:
2657:
2656:
2653:
2652:
2650:
2647:
2646:
2644:
2641:
2640:
2630:
2627:
2626:
2623:
2622:
2620:
2618:
2616:
2614:
2612:
2610:
2608:
2605:
2604:
2601:
2600:
2598:
2592:
2589:
2588:
2585:
2584:
2582:
2579:
2578:
2576:
2573:
2572:
2569:
2566:
2565:
2562:
2561:
2559:
2557:
2555:
2552:
2551:
2549:
2546:
2545:
2543:
2537:
2534:
2533:
2530:
2529:
2527:
2524:
2523:
2521:
2518:
2517:
2511:
2508:
2507:
2504:
2503:
2501:
2499:
2497:
2495:
2493:
2490:
2489:
2487:
2484:
2483:
2481:
2475:
2472:
2471:
2468:
2467:
2465:
2462:
2461:
2459:
2456:
2455:
2449:
2446:
2445:
2442:
2441:
2439:
2437:
2435:
2432:
2431:
2429:
2426:
2425:
2423:
2417:
2414:
2413:
2410:
2409:
2407:
2404:
2403:
2401:
2398:
2397:
2391:
2389:
2387:
2385:
2383:
2381:
2379:
2372:
2371:
2365:
2363:
2360:
2356:
2355:
2352:
2345:
2343:
2340:
2333:
2331:
2328:
2321:
2319:
2316:
2309:
2306:
2305:
2301:
2300:
2299:
2297:
2294:
2288:
2287:
2282:
2279:
2276:
2273:
2269:
2268:
2265:
2262:
2259:
2256:
2252:
2251:
2249:
2246:
2243:
2240:
2234:
2233:
2220:
2215:
2212:
2209:
2203:
2202:
2199:
2193:
2190:
2187:
2183:
2182:
2175:
2169:
2166:
2163:
2157:
2156:
2153:
2148:
2145:
2142:
2138:
2137:
2131:
2126:
2123:
2120:
2114:
2113:
2110:
2107:
2104:
2101:
2094:
2091:
2075:Mughal emperor
2061:
2058:
2056:
2053:
2052:
2051:
2044:
2037:
2035:
2023:
2016:
2014:
2007:
2000:
1988:
1985:
1938:
1935:
1876:
1870:
1748:Asad Khan and
1732:Nawab of Awadh
1723:
1720:
1716:proprietorship
1632:Jalandhar Doab
1489:for a revolt.
1463:
1462:Sikh rebellion
1460:
1432:Main article:
1429:
1426:
1383:
1380:
1329:
1326:
1314:Fatehpur Sikri
1285:
1282:
1280:
1277:
1241:
1238:
1205:William Irvine
1180:
1177:
1111:
1108:
1083:Main article:
1080:
1077:
1067:
1064:
1025:
1024:Rehabilitation
1022:
1004:
1001:
959:
956:
927:
924:
891:
888:
802:Mughal Emperor
794:Bahadur Shah I
785:
784:
782:
781:
774:
767:
759:
756:
755:
752:
751:
748:
742:
741:
738:
732:
731:
728:
715:
714:
711:
705:
704:
701:
688:
687:
684:
682:Shah Jahan III
678:
677:
674:
668:
667:
664:
658:
657:
654:
648:
647:
644:
638:
637:
634:
628:
627:
624:
618:
617:
614:
608:
607:
604:
598:
597:
594:
588:
587:
584:
578:
577:
574:
568:
567:
564:
551:
550:
547:
541:
540:
537:
531:
530:
527:
514:
513:
510:
497:
496:
493:
483:
482:
472:
471:
464:
460:
459:
454:
450:
449:
444:
440:
439:
434:
430:
429:
424:
418:
417:
415:House of Babur
412:
406:
405:
402:
401:
381:
380:
374:
373:
372:Bahadur Shah I
367:
366:
360:
359:
355:
354:
346:
345:
343:
342:
339:
336:
333:
328:
325:
320:
315:
312:
306:
304:
298:
297:
295:
294:
291:
288:
285:
274:
270:
269:
267:
252:
248:
243:
242:
239:
237:
233:
232:
217:
213:
208:
207:
205:
201:
200:
183:
179:
175:
174:
165:(aged 68)
159:
155:
154:
134:
130:
129:
126:
125:
120:
116:
115:
110:
106:
105:
102:
96:
95:
92:
88:
87:
81:
80:
71:
63:
62:
50:
49:
48:Bahadur Shah I
26:
18:Prince Muazzam
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5561:
5550:
5547:
5545:
5542:
5540:
5537:
5535:
5532:
5530:
5527:
5525:
5522:
5521:
5519:
5504:
5501:
5499:
5496:
5494:
5491:
5489:
5486:
5484:
5481:
5479:
5476:
5474:
5471:
5469:
5466:
5464:
5463:Rajput states
5461:
5459:
5456:
5453:
5449:
5446:
5445:
5443:
5439:
5433:
5430:
5428:
5425:
5423:
5420:
5418:
5415:
5413:
5410:
5408:
5405:
5403:
5400:
5398:
5395:
5393:
5390:
5388:
5385:
5383:
5380:
5379:
5377:
5373:
5363:
5362:
5358:
5356:
5353:
5351:
5348:
5346:
5343:
5341:
5338:
5337:
5335:
5331:
5325:
5322:
5320:
5317:
5315:
5312:
5310:
5307:
5305:
5302:
5300:
5297:
5295:
5292:
5290:
5287:
5285:
5282:
5280:
5277:
5276:
5274:
5272:
5268:
5262:
5259:
5257:
5254:
5252:
5249:
5247:
5244:
5242:
5239:
5237:
5234:
5232:
5229:
5228:
5226:
5224:
5220:
5214:
5211:
5209:
5206:
5204:
5201:
5199:
5196:
5194:
5191:
5189:
5186:
5185:
5183:
5179:
5176:
5174:
5170:
5160:
5157:
5155:
5152:
5150:
5147:
5145:
5142:
5140:
5137:
5135:
5132:
5130:
5127:
5125:
5122:
5120:
5117:
5115:
5112:
5110:
5107:
5105:
5102:
5100:
5097:
5095:
5092:
5090:
5087:
5085:
5082:
5078:
5075:
5073:
5070:
5068:
5065:
5063:
5060:
5058:
5055:
5054:
5053:
5050:
5049:
5047:
5043:
5037:
5034:
5032:
5029:
5027:
5024:
5022:
5019:
5017:
5014:
5012:
5009:
5007:
5004:
5002:
4999:
4997:
4994:
4992:
4989:
4987:
4984:
4982:
4979:
4978:
4976:
4972:
4966:
4963:
4961:
4958:
4956:
4953:
4951:
4948:
4946:
4943:
4941:
4938:
4936:
4933:
4931:
4928:
4926:
4923:
4921:
4918:
4916:
4913:
4911:
4908:
4906:
4903:
4901:
4898:
4896:
4893:
4891:
4888:
4886:
4883:
4881:
4878:
4876:
4873:
4871:
4868:
4866:
4863:
4861:
4858:
4856:
4853:
4851:
4848:
4847:
4845:
4843:
4839:
4833:
4830:
4828:
4825:
4823:
4820:
4818:
4815:
4813:
4812:Carnatic wars
4810:
4808:
4805:
4803:
4800:
4798:
4795:
4793:
4790:
4788:
4785:
4783:
4780:
4778:
4775:
4773:
4770:
4768:
4765:
4763:
4760:
4759:
4757:
4753:
4743:
4740:
4738:
4735:
4733:
4730:
4728:
4725:
4723:
4720:
4718:
4715:
4713:
4710:
4708:
4705:
4703:
4700:
4698:
4695:
4693:
4690:
4688:
4685:
4684:
4682:
4680:
4679:
4674:
4666:
4663:
4662:
4661:
4658:
4656:
4653:
4651:
4648:
4646:
4643:
4641:
4638:
4634:
4631:
4630:
4629:
4626:
4625:
4623:
4619:
4613:
4610:
4608:
4605:
4603:
4602:Shah Jahan IV
4600:
4598:
4595:
4593:
4590:
4588:
4585:
4583:
4580:
4578:
4577:Muhammad Shah
4575:
4573:
4572:Shah Jahan II
4570:
4568:
4565:
4563:
4560:
4558:
4557:Jahandar Shah
4555:
4553:
4550:
4548:
4545:
4543:
4540:
4538:
4535:
4533:
4530:
4528:
4525:
4523:
4520:
4518:
4515:
4513:
4510:
4509:
4507:
4505:
4501:
4497:
4496:Mughal Empire
4493:
4485:
4480:
4478:
4473:
4471:
4466:
4465:
4462:
4453:
4452:Jahandar Shah
4444:
4443:
4436:
4430:
4426:
4425:
4416:
4401:
4397:
4391:
4387:
4386:
4380:
4369:
4365:
4363:9788173800078
4359:
4355:
4354:
4348:
4345:
4339:
4335:
4330:
4327:
4321:
4317:
4316:
4310:
4307:
4301:
4297:
4296:
4290:
4279:
4275:
4274:
4269:
4265:
4254:
4250:
4244:
4240:
4239:
4233:
4229:
4224:
4213:
4209:
4207:9780521566032
4203:
4199:
4195:
4194:
4189:
4185:
4174:
4170:
4164:
4160:
4159:
4153:
4142:
4138:
4134:
4130:
4124:
4120:
4119:
4113:
4109:
4108:
4102:
4091:
4087:
4085:9788122001747
4081:
4077:
4076:
4070:
4066:
4065:
4060:
4056:
4053:
4049:
4045:
4041:
4037:
4032:
4021:
4017:
4015:9789380213255
4011:
4007:
4006:
4000:
3997:
3995:81-7536-406-8
3991:
3987:
3986:
3981:
3977:
3973:
3972:
3967:
3963:
3952:
3948:
3942:
3938:
3934:
3933:
3928:
3927:Grewal, J. S.
3924:
3921:
3915:
3911:
3907:
3906:
3900:
3899:
3886:
3881:
3879:
3871:
3866:
3864:
3856:
3851:
3844:
3839:
3837:
3830:, p. xi.
3829:
3824:
3822:
3814:
3809:
3802:
3797:
3790:
3785:
3778:
3773:
3766:
3761:
3754:
3749:
3742:
3737:
3735:
3727:
3722:
3715:
3710:
3703:
3698:
3696:
3689:, p. 66.
3688:
3683:
3677:, p. 64.
3676:
3671:
3665:, p. 63.
3664:
3659:
3653:, p. 62.
3652:
3647:
3641:, p. 61.
3640:
3635:
3633:
3626:, p. 60.
3625:
3620:
3618:
3611:, p. 59.
3610:
3605:
3603:
3596:, p. 58.
3595:
3590:
3588:
3581:, p. 81.
3580:
3579:Jawandha 2010
3575:
3569:, p. 83.
3568:
3563:
3556:
3551:
3549:
3541:
3536:
3534:
3532:
3515:
3511:
3510:
3502:
3495:
3490:
3482:
3480:9780199494941
3476:
3472:
3465:
3457:
3453:
3446:
3439:
3434:
3428:, p. 49.
3427:
3422:
3420:
3418:
3416:
3409:, p. 48.
3408:
3403:
3401:
3394:, p. 45.
3393:
3388:
3382:, p. 44.
3381:
3376:
3370:, p. 47.
3369:
3364:
3358:, p. 46.
3357:
3352:
3350:
3343:, p. 64.
3342:
3337:
3331:, p. 63.
3330:
3325:
3319:, p. 62.
3318:
3313:
3307:, p. 60.
3306:
3301:
3299:
3292:, p. 59.
3291:
3286:
3284:
3277:, p. 58.
3276:
3271:
3269:
3262:, p. 56.
3261:
3256:
3250:, p. 55.
3249:
3244:
3242:
3235:, p. 53.
3234:
3229:
3223:, p. 52.
3222:
3217:
3211:, p. 51.
3210:
3205:
3203:
3196:, p. 50.
3195:
3190:
3184:, p. 61.
3183:
3178:
3176:
3168:
3163:
3157:, p. 57.
3156:
3151:
3149:
3147:
3139:
3134:
3127:
3122:
3116:, p. 55.
3115:
3110:
3103:
3098:
3091:
3086:
3084:
3076:
3071:
3069:
3067:
3059:
3054:
3047:
3042:
3035:
3030:
3028:
3026:
3017:
3016:
3008:
3001:
3000:Kulkarni 1979
2996:
2989:
2988:Richards 1905
2984:
2968:
2964:
2958:
2951:
2946:
2940:, p. 61.
2939:
2934:
2927:
2922:
2920:
2913:, p. 54.
2912:
2907:
2891:
2887:
2883:
2876:
2869:
2864:
2856:
2854:81-7648-232-3
2850:
2846:
2839:
2823:
2819:
2818:
2817:Later Mughals
2810:
2808:
2806:
2804:
2802:
2797:
2788:
2782:
2778:
2761:
2759:
2757:
2755:
2753:
2751:
2749:
2747:
2745:
2743:
2741:
2739:
2737:
2735:
2734:
2731:
2729:
2728:
2723:
2717:
2716:
2713:
2712:
2707:
2706:
2701:
2700:
2695:
2694:
2691:
2690:
2681:
2680:
2675:
2674:
2669:
2665:
2659:
2658:
2655:
2654:
2649:
2648:
2643:
2642:
2639:
2635:
2629:
2628:
2625:
2624:
2607:
2606:
2603:
2602:
2597:
2591:
2590:
2587:
2586:
2581:
2580:
2575:
2574:
2568:
2567:
2564:
2563:
2554:
2553:
2548:
2547:
2542:
2536:
2535:
2532:
2531:
2526:
2525:
2520:
2519:
2516:
2510:
2509:
2506:
2505:
2492:
2491:
2486:
2485:
2480:
2474:
2473:
2470:
2469:
2464:
2463:
2458:
2457:
2454:
2448:
2447:
2444:
2443:
2434:
2433:
2428:
2427:
2422:
2416:
2415:
2412:
2411:
2406:
2405:
2400:
2399:
2396:
2390:
2378:
2377:
2374:
2373:
2369:
2368:
2349:
2344:
2337:
2332:
2325:
2320:
2313:
2308:
2307:
2293:
2286:
2283:
2280:
2277:
2274:
2271:
2270:
2266:
2263:
2260:
2257:
2254:
2253:
2250:
2247:
2244:
2241:
2239:
2236:
2235:
2232:
2228:
2224:
2223:Shah Jahan II
2221:
2219:
2216:
2213:
2210:
2208:
2207:Rafi-ush-Shan
2205:
2204:
2200:
2198:
2194:
2191:
2188:
2185:
2184:
2180:
2176:
2174:
2170:
2167:
2164:
2162:
2161:Azim-ush-Shan
2159:
2158:
2154:
2152:
2149:
2146:
2143:
2140:
2139:
2136:, Izz-ud-din
2135:
2132:
2130:
2127:
2124:
2121:
2119:
2118:Jahandar Shah
2116:
2115:
2111:
2108:
2105:
2102:
2099:
2098:
2090:
2088:
2084:
2080:
2076:
2066:
2055:Personal life
2048:
2047:Shahjahanabad
2041:
2036:
2033:
2029:
2028:
2020:
2015:
2012:(Patna), 1708
2011:
2004:
1999:
1998:
1997:
1995:
1984:
1982:
1981:Jahandar Shah
1977:
1975:
1971:
1970:
1965:
1961:
1957:
1953:
1943:
1934:
1933:") was read.
1932:
1928:
1924:
1920:
1916:
1915:Azim-ush-Shan
1912:
1906:
1904:
1900:
1896:
1892:
1891:
1886:
1882:
1874:
1869:
1867:
1863:
1858:
1854:
1849:
1847:
1843:
1839:
1838:Isa Khan Main
1835:
1831:
1827:
1823:
1818:
1816:
1811:
1809:
1805:
1800:
1796:
1792:
1788:
1784:
1779:
1777:
1774:
1770:
1766:
1762:
1756:
1754:
1751:
1747:
1743:
1740:
1736:
1735:Asaf-ud-Daula
1733:
1729:
1719:
1717:
1713:
1709:
1701:
1700:Rafi-ush-Shan
1697:
1693:
1692:Jahandar Shah
1689:
1688:Azim-ush-Shan
1684:
1680:
1678:
1677:
1672:
1671:
1666:
1662:
1658:
1654:
1653:
1648:
1644:
1640:
1635:
1633:
1629:
1625:
1621:
1617:
1613:
1612:
1607:
1603:
1599:
1595:
1592:
1588:
1584:
1583:Gangetic Doab
1579:
1577:
1573:
1569:
1565:
1561:
1560:
1555:
1551:
1547:
1543:
1539:
1535:
1531:
1527:
1523:
1522:
1517:
1513:
1509:
1505:
1504:
1499:
1495:
1490:
1488:
1487:
1482:
1481:Banda Bahadur
1478:
1468:
1459:
1457:
1453:
1449:
1445:
1441:
1435:
1425:
1423:
1418:
1414:
1413:Amar Singh II
1411:
1406:
1404:
1400:
1396:
1393:
1389:
1379:
1377:
1376:Dargah Sharif
1373:
1367:
1365:
1361:
1357:
1352:
1350:
1346:
1342:
1338:
1334:
1333:Jaswant Singh
1325:
1323:
1319:
1315:
1311:
1307:
1303:
1295:
1290:
1276:
1274:
1269:
1264:
1262:
1261:Rafi-ush-Shan
1257:
1255:
1251:
1250:advance guard
1247:
1246:Jahandar Shah
1237:
1235:
1231:
1227:
1223:
1218:
1214:
1212:
1211:
1206:
1202:
1198:
1193:
1188:
1186:
1176:
1172:
1170:
1166:
1162:
1158:
1154:
1145:
1141:
1137:
1133:
1131:
1127:
1126:
1121:
1117:
1107:
1104:
1100:
1096:
1092:
1086:
1072:
1063:
1061:
1057:
1053:
1049:
1045:
1041:
1037:
1032:
1021:
1019:
1014:
1010:
1000:
997:
995:
991:
986:
984:
983:Jaswant Singh
980:
976:
969:
964:
955:
953:
949:
945:
941:
937:
933:
923:
921:
917:
913:
909:
905:
896:
887:
885:
881:
877:
876:Banda Bahadur
873:
869:
868:
863:
859:
858:
852:
850:
846:
842:
838:
834:
829:
827:
823:
819:
815:
811:
807:
803:
799:
795:
791:
780:
775:
773:
768:
766:
761:
760:
758:
757:
749:
747:
744:
743:
739:
737:
734:
733:
729:
725:
720:
717:
716:
712:
710:
707:
706:
702:
698:
693:
690:
689:
685:
683:
680:
679:
675:
673:
670:
669:
665:
663:
660:
659:
655:
653:
652:Muhammad Shah
650:
649:
645:
643:
640:
639:
635:
633:
630:
629:
625:
623:
622:Farrukh-Siyar
620:
619:
615:
613:
612:Jahandar Shah
610:
609:
605:
603:
600:
599:
595:
593:
590:
589:
585:
583:
580:
579:
575:
573:
570:
569:
565:
561:
556:
553:
552:
548:
546:
543:
542:
538:
536:
533:
532:
528:
524:
519:
516:
515:
511:
507:
502:
499:
498:
494:
492:
489:
488:
485:
484:
481:
478:
477:
469:
465:
461:
458:
455:
451:
448:
445:
441:
438:
435:
431:
428:
425:
423:
419:
416:
413:
411:
407:
382:
379:
375:
368:
365:
361:
356:
351:
347:
341:Rafī-ul-Qadar
340:
337:
335:Humāyūn Mīrzā
334:
332:
329:
326:
324:
323:Rafī-ush-Shān
321:
319:
316:
313:
311:
310:Jahāndār Shāh
308:
307:
305:
303:
299:
292:
290:Umat-ul-Habib
289:
286:
268:
246:
241:
240:
238:
234:
211:
206:
202:
198:
194:
190:
186:
180:
176:
173:
172:Mughal Empire
169:
160:
156:
153:
152:Mughal Empire
149:
135:
131:
127:
124:
123:Jahāndār Shāh
121:
117:
114:
111:
107:
103:
101:
97:
93:
89:
86:
82:
69:
64:
61:
60:
56:
51:
44:
41:
37:
33:
19:
5451:
5359:
5355:Shahi Bridge
5279:Akbar's Tomb
5241:Chawk Mosque
5213:Sheesh Mahal
5198:Lalbagh Fort
5173:Architecture
5159:Hector Munro
5134:Josiah Child
5084:Ibrahim Lodi
5077:Pratapaditya
5062:Khwaja Usman
4860:Bhuchar Mori
4676:
4597:Shah Alam II
4562:Farrukhsiyar
4551:
4440:
4422:
4404:, retrieved
4388:, ABC-CLIO,
4384:
4374:21 September
4372:, retrieved
4352:
4333:
4314:
4294:
4282:, retrieved
4272:
4257:, retrieved
4237:
4227:
4216:, retrieved
4192:
4179:21 September
4177:, retrieved
4157:
4145:, retrieved
4117:
4106:
4094:, retrieved
4075:Mini Mughals
4074:
4067:. J. Murray.
4063:
4039:
4035:
4026:21 September
4024:, retrieved
4004:
3984:
3970:
3955:, retrieved
3931:
3904:
3850:
3808:
3796:
3789:Faruqui 2012
3784:
3772:
3760:
3748:
3721:
3709:
3682:
3670:
3658:
3646:
3574:
3562:
3542:, p. 9.
3518:. Retrieved
3508:
3501:
3489:
3470:
3464:
3455:
3451:
3445:
3433:
3387:
3375:
3363:
3336:
3324:
3312:
3255:
3228:
3216:
3189:
3162:
3133:
3128:, p. 4.
3121:
3109:
3102:Faruqui 2012
3097:
3090:Faruqui 2012
3075:Faruqui 2012
3058:Faruqui 2012
3053:
3048:, p. 3.
3041:
3034:Faruqui 2012
3014:
3007:
2995:
2983:
2971:. Retrieved
2957:
2945:
2933:
2928:, p. 2.
2911:Manucci 1907
2906:
2894:. Retrieved
2885:
2875:
2868:Faruqui 2012
2863:
2844:
2838:
2826:. Retrieved
2816:
2781:
2595:
2541:Mumtaz Mahal
2453:Jagat Gosain
2291:
2284:
2179:Farrukhsiyar
2071:
2025:
1990:
1978:
1967:
1948:
1930:
1926:
1918:
1910:
1907:
1902:
1888:
1884:
1878:
1872:
1850:
1845:
1819:
1812:
1780:
1772:
1757:
1752:
1745:
1741:
1725:
1705:
1674:
1668:
1650:
1646:
1636:
1619:
1609:
1601:
1590:
1580:
1571:
1563:
1557:
1553:
1519:
1501:
1491:
1484:
1473:
1437:
1421:
1409:
1407:
1395:Amar Singh I
1385:
1368:
1353:
1331:
1321:
1299:
1265:
1258:
1243:
1219:
1215:
1208:
1191:
1189:
1182:
1173:
1149:
1123:
1120:Bijapur Fort
1113:
1088:
1043:
1027:
1006:
998:
987:
972:
954:was signed.
936:Shaista Khan
929:
920:Jarral tribe
901:
865:
855:
853:
843:kingdoms of
830:
797:
793:
789:
788:
724:second reign
723:
719:Shah Alam II
696:
692:Shah Alam II
601:
572:Shah Jahan I
559:
523:second reign
522:
505:
318:Azīm-us-Shān
271:Amrit Kanwar
163:(1712-02-27)
104:15 June 1707
53:
40:
5534:1712 deaths
5529:1643 births
5473:Sikh Empire
5452:interrupted
5193:Lahore Fort
5144:Henry Every
5109:Malik Ambar
5052:Baro-Bhuyan
5045:Adversaries
5031:Ranthambore
4986:Chittorgarh
4807:Child's war
4633:family tree
4284:29 November
4259:29 November
4147:29 November
4096:29 November
4046:: 336–341,
3843:Sarker 2007
3813:Irvine 1904
3801:Irvine 1904
3777:Irvine 1904
3765:Irvine 1904
3753:Irvine 1904
3741:Irvine 1904
3726:Irvine 1904
3714:Irvine 1904
3702:Irvine 1904
3567:Grewal 1998
3494:Grewal 1998
3426:Irvine 1904
3407:Irvine 1904
3392:Irvine 1904
3380:Irvine 1904
3368:Irvine 1904
3356:Irvine 1904
3341:Irvine 1904
3329:Irvine 1904
3317:Irvine 1904
3305:Irvine 1904
3290:Irvine 1904
3275:Irvine 1904
3260:Irvine 1904
3248:Irvine 1904
3233:Irvine 1904
3221:Irvine 1904
3209:Irvine 1904
3194:Irvine 1904
3182:Irvine 1904
3155:Irvine 1904
3126:Irvine 1904
3046:Irvine 1904
2950:Irvine 1904
2938:Sarkar 1912
2926:Irvine 1904
2828:15 December
2186:Daulat-Afza
1960:Moti Masjid
1952:Kamwar Khan
1875:controversy
1822:disinformed
1349:Dara Shikoh
1322:Mirza Rajah
1279:Annexations
1230:Thomas Pitt
1066:Emperorship
977:Shivaji at
798:Shah Alam I
697:first reign
506:first reign
370:Shah Alam I
364:Regnal name
293:Chattar Bai
287:Mihr Parwar
185:Moti Masjid
181:15 May 1712
109:Predecessor
77: 1670
46:Shah Alam I
5518:Categories
5503:Rohilkhand
5448:Sur Empire
5154:Nader Shah
5089:Rana Sanga
5001:Daulatabad
4885:Haldighati
4817:Bengal war
4655:Government
4587:Alamgir II
4537:Shah Jahan
4446:1707–1712
4406:7 December
4305:0969409249
4137:1008395679
3895:References
3870:Mehta 1984
3855:Massy 1890
3687:Singh 2003
3675:Singh 2003
3663:Singh 2003
3651:Singh 2003
3639:Singh 2003
3624:Singh 2003
3609:Singh 2003
3594:Singh 2003
3540:Singh 1927
3114:Singh 2010
2789:tendencies
2296:Depictions
2238:Jahan Shah
2197:Kishangarh
2173:Kishangarh
2141:Azz-ud-din
2134:Alamgir II
1899:Shi'a Imam
1881:Shia Islam
1830:Ravi River
1799:matchlocks
1696:Jahan Shah
1594:Jalal Khan
1576:Saharanpur
1399:Jahangir's
1356:Ajit Singh
1339:, was the
1254:Khan Zaman
1140:Kam Bakhsh
946:to defeat
940:Aurangabad
932:Shah Jahan
890:Early life
884:Kam Bakhsh
672:Alamgir II
662:Ahmad Shah
545:Jahangir I
331:Jahān Shāh
141:1643-10-14
100:Coronation
5304:Taj Mahal
5188:Agra Fort
5149:Bajirao I
5072:Musa Khan
5026:Purandhar
4930:Raj Mahal
4905:Najafgarh
4755:Conflicts
4722:Hyderabad
4678:Provinces
4435:Aurangzeb
4315:The Sikhs
3929:(1998) ,
3438:Haig 1971
3167:Puri 2003
3138:Puri 2003
2151:Nizam Bai
2129:Nizam Bai
2112:Children
2087:Nawab Bai
1834:artillery
1826:Fatehabad
1739:Moradabad
1639:Jalandhar
1598:Jalalabad
1415:had fled
1306:Rajputana
1273:palanquin
1165:Hyderabad
1157:Hyderabad
1052:Akbarabad
944:Jai Singh
916:Nawab Bai
904:Burhanpur
806:Aurangzeb
750:1837–1857
740:1806–1837
730:1788–1806
703:1760–1788
686:1759–1760
676:1754–1759
666:1748–1754
656:1719–1748
626:1713–1719
616:1712–1713
606:1707–1712
592:Azam Shah
586:1658–1707
576:1628–1658
566:1627–1628
555:Shahriyar
549:1605–1627
539:1556–1605
529:1555–1556
512:1530–1540
495:1526–1530
447:Nawab Bai
437:Alamgir I
245:Nizam Bai
119:Successor
113:Azam Shāh
5493:Carnatic
5412:Painting
5407:Language
5375:See also
5203:Red Fort
5057:Isa Khan
5021:Kandahar
5006:Golconda
4935:Samugarh
4870:Chanderi
4660:Military
4607:Akbar II
4532:Shahryar
4527:Jahangir
4504:Emperors
4400:archived
4368:archived
4278:archived
4270:(1952),
4253:archived
4218:27 April
4212:archived
4190:(1905),
4173:archived
4141:archived
4090:archived
4061:(1907).
4052:44141973
4020:archived
3982:(1904),
3968:(1971),
3957:26 April
3951:archived
3828:Lal 1989
3520:18 March
3514:Archived
2967:Archived
2890:Archived
2886:Epilogue
2822:Archived
2362:Ancestry
2093:Children
2083:Muhammad
2010:Azimabad
1964:Mehrauli
1846:zamindar
1808:Srinagar
1787:Thanesar
1773:Khanzada
1746:subahdar
1643:Amritsar
1628:besieged
1611:Pirzadas
1559:parganas
1546:Sadhaura
1542:Shahabad
1410:Maharana
1403:Sisodias
1392:Maharana
1390:, under
1362:general
1341:Maharaja
1210:zamindar
1197:Gulbarga
1192:subahdar
1171:did so.
1161:Subahdar
1153:Golkonda
1130:Kulbarga
1048:Anandpur
1018:Golconda
990:Marathas
979:Purandar
975:defeated
912:Pothwari
736:Akbar II
560:de facto
453:Religion
189:Mehrauli
55:Padishah
5427:Weapons
5402:Gardens
5397:Fashion
5392:Culture
5387:Cuisine
5223:Mosques
5119:Shivaji
5036:Sambhal
5011:Hooghly
4981:Bijapur
4955:Tukaroi
4940:Sirhind
4925:Plassey
4842:Battles
4712:Gujarat
4640:Economy
4628:Dynasty
4517:Humayun
2787:tafzili
2668:Rajauri
2638:Rajauri
2261:Infancy
2248:Dilruba
2147:Infancy
2024:Copper
1994:couplet
1857:Garhwal
1844:to the
1795:Sadaura
1769:Panipat
1765:Kaithal
1761:Sonipat
1753:faujdar
1742:faujdar
1728:Jodhpur
1708:Lohgarh
1670:mullahs
1647:Faujdar
1624:Nanauta
1620:faujdar
1602:faujdar
1591:faujdar
1587:Deoband
1562:of the
1536:in the
1534:Sirhind
1524:in the
1521:faujdar
1512:Sonipat
1448:Hindaun
1417:Udaipur
1382:Udaipur
1343:of the
1328:Jodhpur
1268:quivers
1144:Bijapur
1116:Bijapur
1099:Gujarat
948:Shivaji
845:Jodhpur
822:Rajputs
535:Akbar I
518:Humayun
501:Humayun
422:Dynasty
389:
283:
275:
265:
253:
249:
230:
218:
214:
204:Consort
5333:Others
5114:Gokula
4974:Sieges
4965:Bhulua
4900:Khanwa
4895:Khajwa
4890:Karnal
4880:Ghagra
4875:Chausa
4737:Multan
4727:Lahore
4702:Bengal
4392:
4360:
4340:
4322:
4302:
4245:
4204:
4165:
4135:
4125:
4082:
4050:
4012:
3992:
3943:
3916:
3477:
3458:: 194.
2973:24 May
2896:8 July
2851:
2285:cavty
2109:Mother
2079:Sayyid
1969:dargah
1927:khutba
1919:khatib
1903:khutba
1885:khutba
1873:Khutba
1853:Satluj
1804:Kumaon
1783:Karnal
1676:ghazis
1608:whose
1600:. The
1572:sarkar
1568:Hissar
1564:sarkar
1554:sarkar
1516:Samana
1508:Khanda
1503:sarkar
1494:Punjab
1486:Khalsa
1477:Nanded
1452:Bayana
1440:Deccan
1360:Rajput
1222:Persia
1125:bakshi
1056:Lahore
1036:Punjab
1013:Konkan
857:khutba
841:Rajput
818:Lahore
443:Mother
433:Father
178:Burial
168:Lahore
5422:Tribe
5016:Jinji
4996:Daman
4991:Delhi
4960:Bakla
4865:Buxar
4732:Malwa
4717:Delhi
4707:Berar
4697:Awadh
4692:Ajmer
4522:Akbar
4512:Babur
4048:JSTOR
2773:Notes
2267:None
2201:None
2155:None
2032:Surat
2030:from
2027:paisa
1987:Coins
1937:Death
1842:edict
1815:Nahan
1750:Jammu
1665:Majha
1657:Rahon
1652:jihad
1606:Behat
1550:Banur
1456:Mewat
1372:Ajmer
1284:Amber
1201:Bidar
1060:Kabul
1044:rajas
1031:harem
914:wife
872:Sikhs
849:Amber
826:Sikhs
814:Kabul
491:Babur
457:Islam
410:House
353:Names
302:Issue
277:(
273:
255:(
251:
236:Wives
220:(
216:
197:India
193:Delhi
91:Reign
5468:Jats
5361:more
5099:Hemu
4850:Agra
4742:Sira
4687:Agra
4645:Flag
4408:2020
4390:ISBN
4376:2020
4358:ISBN
4338:ISBN
4320:ISBN
4300:ISBN
4286:2019
4261:2019
4243:ISBN
4220:2018
4202:ISBN
4181:2020
4163:ISBN
4149:2019
4133:OCLC
4123:ISBN
4098:2019
4080:ISBN
4028:2020
4010:ISBN
3990:ISBN
3959:2018
3941:ISBN
3914:ISBN
3522:2023
3475:ISBN
2975:2023
2898:2023
2849:ISBN
2830:2021
2664:Raja
2634:Raja
2513:10.
2278:1703
2275:1663
2258:1678
2245:1730
2242:1674
2214:1712
2211:1671
2192:1689
2189:1670
2168:1712
2165:1665
2144:1664
2125:1713
2122:1661
2106:Died
2103:Born
2100:Name
1931:wasi
1911:wasi
1890:wali
1862:Kulu
1806:and
1767:and
1712:mint
1698:and
1641:and
1548:and
1528:and
1514:and
1444:Raja
1386:The
1155:and
1093:and
867:wali
847:and
824:and
816:and
810:Agra
796:and
713:1788
646:1719
636:1719
596:1707
463:Seal
386:lit.
226:died
158:Died
133:Born
34:and
5382:Art
2720:3.
2666:of
2636:of
2594:1.
2539:5.
2477:2.
2451:9.
2419:4.
2393:8.
1972:of
1895:Ali
1893:to
1574:of
1566:of
1506:in
1312:in
1304:in
1163:of
864:as
862:Ali
5520::
4398:,
4366:,
4251:,
4210:,
4200:,
4196:,
4171:,
4139:,
4131:,
4088:,
4042:,
4040:40
4038:,
4018:,
3949:,
3939:,
3912:,
3908:,
3877:^
3862:^
3835:^
3820:^
3733:^
3694:^
3631:^
3616:^
3601:^
3586:^
3547:^
3530:^
3456:28
3454:.
3414:^
3399:^
3348:^
3297:^
3282:^
3267:^
3240:^
3201:^
3174:^
3145:^
3082:^
3065:^
3024:^
2965:.
2918:^
2884:.
2800:^
2229:,
2225:,
1976:.
1905:.
1868:.
1763:,
1694:,
1690:,
1578:.
1544:,
1378:.
1167:,
985:.
922:.
828:.
812:,
279:m.
261:d.
257:m.
222:m.
195:,
191:,
187:,
170:,
150:,
74:c.
5454:)
5450:(
4483:e
4476:t
4469:v
3524:.
3483:.
2977:.
2900:.
2857:.
2832:.
2281:-
2264:-
1702:.
1450:-
1296:.
1146:.
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771:t
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726:)
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504:(
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