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937:. Understanding the importance of the relationship between living creatures and their environment, he devised a number of techniques and instruments for measurement and exploration. Albert I was also the “instigator and promulgator” of the oceanographic science he contributed to create. He founded the
813:
of Monaco, since Alice brought a strong business acumen, well in advance of her youth. Having helped put her husband's principality on a sound financial footing, she would devote her energies to making Monaco one of Europe's great cultural centers, with an opera, theater, and a ballet under the
675:
Within a year of their marriage, the couple's only child (Louis) was born, but Mary disliked Monaco and found the
Mediterranean too hot. While Albert was away fighting in the Franco-Prussian war, she left Monaco permanently. The couple divorced and their marriage was annulled by the Church on 3
857:
against his rule. The
Monegasques demanded a constitution and a parliament to rein in the absolute monarch or else they would overthrow him and establish a republic. They were dissatisfied about French domination of the principality's politics and economy. There was severe unemployment, as the
889:
Despite his military service, or perhaps because of it, the Prince became a pacifist, establishing the
International Institute of Peace in Monaco as a place to develop a peaceful settlement for conflict through arbitration. In the tension-filled times leading up to
680:
to allow Louis to remain legitimate in the eyes of the Church. Civilly, the marriage was dissolved on 28 July 1880, by the Order of Prince
Charles III. That same year, the former Princess of Monaco remarried in Florence, Italy, to a Hungarian nobleman, Prince
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The Prince's fourth expedition in 1907, was aimed at completing the results from the previous summer. Prince Albert also lent his support, either financially, or through gifts or loans of oceanographic instruments, to numerous Arctic and
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would have been destroyed. In the "Great War to End All Wars", Monaco declared its neutrality, but in fact, provided the Allied forces with hospitals, convalescent centers, and soldiers, including Prince Albert's only son, Louis.
644:. The Emperor convinced Caroline that Queen Victoria would never allow a relative of hers to marry into a family who made a living out of gambling. He then suggested Mary, his third cousin and sister of his good friend, the
992:. Accompanied by some of the world's leading marine scientists, he travelled the length and breadth of the Mediterranean, making numerous oceanographic studies, maps and charts. In 1896, on an oceanographic survey of the
941:, Foundation Albert I, Prince of Monaco in 1906, a private foundation recognized of public utility. It has two buildings: The Oceanographic Institute of Paris, now renamed Ocean House, and what became the world-renowned
2846:
862:, but the document had little real meaning in terms of reducing autocratic rule and was soon suspended by the Prince when World War I broke out. Also in 1911, Prince Albert created the
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were well aware of the extent of Monaco's estate, which was no bigger than theirs, but were sufficiently impressed by its status as an independent principality. The couple married at
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2816:
901:
When war came, Prince Albert could not avoid becoming involved. In one incident, he even wrote personally to the Kaiser in an effort to ameliorate the consequences of Gen.
1550:
2881:
841:, who had served him as a high class prostitute between 1893 and 1897, recalled Albert fondly in her memoirs and claimed that he was not a virile man and suffered from
821:
Despite the initial success of the marriage of Prince Albert and
Princess Alice, in 1902, they separated legally, without issue, though did not divorce. According to
2821:
621:. The couple met for the first time in August 1869 at a ball hosted by the Emperor and Empress of France; their marriage had been arranged by Albert's grandmother
17:
1633:, ed. by Patience Schell, Christer Nordlund, Karl Grandin, and Helena Ekerholm (Science History Publications / Watson Publishing International, 2017).157 - 191.
207:
1869:
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1130:. Finally, he showed a keen interest in environmental protection, especially in Svalbard. This is demonstrated by his responses to a questionnaire that
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principality lacked factories and farmland, and the casinos did not allow citizens to work there. On 5 January 1911, Prince Albert I granted Monaco a
1152:
for his achievements. The
Explorers Club elected Albert I to its highest category of membership — Honorary Member — in 1921. He was also awarded the
1643:
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was added to the range of observations and surveys were pursued. The Prince also provided support for two other expeditions, that of the
Scotsman,
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573:" found in the Baousse-Rousse cave was named in his honour. Albert's intellectual achievements gained him worldwide recognition and in 1909, the
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but had been widowed by age 21 and left with a young son, Armand. Her marriage to Prince Albert proved an equal blessing for him and the tiny
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1907:
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Arnaud Hurel, 2015. "La création de l'Institut de paléontologie humaine en 1910. Une étape de la recomposition de la science de l'Homme",
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around the world forwarded scientific papers to him. At 22 years old, he embarked on a career in the then relatively new science of
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495:, exploration and science. Alongside his expeditions, Albert I made reforms on political, economic and social levels, bestowing
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845:. Princess Alice had La Belle Otero banned from the principality in 1897 for being seen with her husband.
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On 10 September 1889, Albert ascended the throne of Monaco on the death of his father. That same year in
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Albert I was featured on a €2 commemorative coin issued by the
Principality of Monaco in 2022.
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1188:. The collection was later continued by Louis II and finally became part of the postal museum
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Prince Albert I of Monaco devoted much of his life to the study of the sea and oceans, and
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studies, Albert had a keen interest in the origins of man and in Paris, he founded the "
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1551:"The house of Grimaldi: Prince Albert I: Explorer, scientist, reformer and pacifist"
1065:, of which a map was published. His efforts are acknowledged by the later naming of
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From an early age, Prince Albert I of Monaco evidenced a strong fascination for the
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and related by blood to the French
Imperial family through her maternal grandmother
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1116:. In 1910 the Prince was the main founder of the Institute of Human Paleontology (
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explorers. The same year, he provided funds and support for the foundation of the
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from 10 September 1889 until his death in 1922. He devoted much of his life to
1750:, centennial special, September 2007, supplement to the quarterly publication
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1779:, Lahic / DPRPS-Direction des patrimoines, coll. "Les Carnets de BĂ©rose", 7.
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1672:. Association for the Sciences of Limnology and Oceanography. Archived from
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Albert died on 26 June 1922 in Paris, France, and was succeeded by his son,
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27:"Albert, Prince of Monaco" redirects here. For the current monarch, see
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scientific expeditions on
Svalbard, and in 1928 the foundation of the
487:(Albert Honoré Charles Grimaldi; 13 November 1848 – 26 June 1922) was
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905:'s wrath. Without the Prince's intervention, the French villages of
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597:(which is still in the possession of the Grimaldi family today) in
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International Association for the Physical Sciences of the Oceans
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reconnaissance, aimed mainly at adding to the collections of the
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866:, an automobile race designed to draw tourists to Monaco and the
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1827:
Hof- und Staatshandbuch der Ă–sterreichisch-Ungarischen Monarchie
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Friends of the French National Museum of Natural History Society
660:'s adopted daughter and second cousin of Napoléon III's mother,
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1069:, which comprises the part of Spitsbergen west of Raudfjorden.
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829:, this was due to the Princess's friendship with the composer
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894:, Prince Albert made numerous attempts to dissuade Germany's
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Prince Albert with his first wife shortly after their wedding
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Honorary members of the Saint Petersburg Academy of Sciences
1628:, “Legitimizing Marine Field Science: Albert Ist of Monaco,”
1015:. In the years 1898-1907 he made four scientific cruises to
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January 1880, although a special provision was made by the
2027:"Caballeros Grandes Cruces de la Orden del MĂ©rito Naval".
648:, as a suitable alternative. Mary was a granddaughter of
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On the second expedition, in 1899, the focus was on the
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of Monaco, for which the construction had just started.
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He owned four, increasingly impressive research yachts,
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Caroline had tried to make a match between Albert and
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French military personnel of the Franco-Prussian War
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Newspaper clippings about Albert I, Prince of Monaco
1880:
1989:
Hof- und Staats-Handbuch des Königreich Württemberg
108:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
2882:Fellows of the Royal Scottish Geographical Society
1023:. His efforts are honored by the later naming of
528:Maria Vittoria dal Pozzo, Princess della Cisterna
2768:
1753:Les Amis du Muséum national d'histoire naturelle
688:
2822:Burials at the Cathedral of Our Lady Immaculate
1776:1913, la recomposition de la science de l'Homme
1844:Hof- und Staats-Handbuch des Königreich Bayern
1243:: Decoration of Honour for Arts and Sciences,
1034:The first cruise in the summer of 1898 was an
2553:
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541:As a young man, Prince Albert served in the
2842:Recipients of the Cullum Geographical Medal
2837:Grand Masters of the Order of Saint-Charles
1910:19 January 1915. Retrieved 13 December 2022
881:Royal Monogram of Prince Albert I of Monaco
727:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
71:Learn how and when to remove these messages
2560:
2546:
2515:Hereditary Prince Jacques, Marquis of Baux
2261:
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2002:"Real y distinguida orden de Carlos III".
1859:21 August 1888. Retrieved 13 December 2022
1007:Map of the northern part of Albert I Land.
814:direction of the famed Russian impresario
253:
1599:
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1128:French National Museum of Natural History
747:Learn how and when to remove this message
233:Learn how and when to remove this message
168:Learn how and when to remove this message
18:Prince Albert I's Arctic Exploration
1793:"2022 €2 commemorative coin from MONACO"
1631:Understanding Field Science Institutions
1359:
1308:
1002:
959:
876:
779:, on 30 October, he married the Dowager
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210:of all important aspects of the article.
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638:Napoléon III (Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte)
565:" that was responsible for a number of
517:Countess Antoinette de MĂ©rode-Westerloo
14:
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1890:Calendario generale del regno d'Italia
1887:Italy. Ministero dell'interno (1920).
1724:. Oceanographic Museum. Archived from
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206:Please consider expanding the lead to
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1746:Yves Laissus, "Cent ans d'histoire",
1184:Albert I constituted a collection of
1176:sciences of the oceans in his honor.
957:, with research facilities in Paris.
925:Oceanography, paleontology, geography
805:descent, Alice Heine had married the
2852:Monegasque people of Italian descent
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1756:, n° 230, June 2007, ISSN 1161-9104
1670:"The Oceanographic Museum of Monaco"
1489:Grand Cross of the WĂĽrttemberg Crown
763:A statue of Albert as a seafarer in
725:adding citations to reliable sources
692:
179:
106:adding citations to reliable sources
77:
36:
1799:
1662:
1262:Military Karl-Friedrich Merit Order
1160:. Prince Rainier of Monaco and the
630:Princess Mary Adelaide of Cambridge
24:
1698:. Yachts MonacoEye. Archived from
1578:. www.etoile.co.uk. Archived from
34:Prince of Monaco from 1889 to 1922
25:
2903:
2049:
1925:(in Norwegian), 1890, p. 594
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1605:"Prince of Monaco Rebukes Kaiser"
1118:Institut de paléontologie humaine
580:
557:. In addition to his interest in
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52:This article has multiple issues.
1992:(1907), "Königliche Orden" p. 28
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563:Institute for Human Paleontology
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349:Saint Nicholas Cathedral, Monaco
281:10 September 1889 – 26 June 1922
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82:
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2033:(in Spanish). 1908. p. 541
2020:
1995:
1981:
1970:
1959:
1948:(in Swedish), 1905, p. 440
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1847:(1906), "Königliche Orden" p. 8
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1815:
1785:
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601:, Prince Albert was married to
403:
376:
198:may be too short to adequately
93:needs additional citations for
60:or discuss these issues on the
2792:20th-century princes of Monaco
2787:19th-century princes of Monaco
2295:Prince Ercole, Marquis of Baux
2278:Generations are numbered from
1748:1907-2007 - Les Amis du Muséum
1740:
1714:
1688:
1620:
1568:
1543:
1195:
1061:, on the north-western tip of
872:
619:Princess Marie Amelie of Baden
442:Albert Honoré Charles Grimaldi
208:provide an accessible overview
13:
1:
2483:Rainier III, Prince of Monaco
2418:Charles III, Prince of Monaco
1977:American Geographical Society
1374:Order of the Lion and the Sun
1158:American Geographical Society
1084:, and that of the Norwegian,
848:
689:Accession and second marriage
502:
499:on the principality in 1911.
467:Charles III, Prince of Monaco
260:
2887:Grand Crosses of Naval Merit
2360:Honoré III, Prince of Monaco
1966:National Academy of Sciences
1650:. 20 January 1901. p. 7
1179:
1146:National Academy of Sciences
945:of Monaco. This includes an
650:Charles, Grand Duke of Baden
593:On 21 September 1869 at the
507:Born on 13 November 1848 in
117:"Albert I, Prince of Monaco"
7:
2499:Albert II, Prince of Monaco
2402:Florestan, Prince of Monaco
2376:Honoré IV, Prince of Monaco
2327:Antonio I, Prince of Monaco
2280:Honoré II, Prince of Monaco
2154:Hereditary Prince of Monaco
2073:Albert I, Prince of Monaco
2060:20th Century Press Archives
1870:"Prince Albert I of Monaco"
1773:Christine Laurière (dir.),
1330:Commemoration Medal of the
683:Tassilo Festetics von Tolna
603:Lady Mary Victoria Hamilton
545:as a navigator. During the
29:Albert II, Prince of Monaco
10:
2908:
2872:People of Ligurian descent
2450:Louis II, Prince of Monaco
2434:Albert I, Prince of Monaco
2397:Honoré V, Prince of Monaco
1524:Grand Cross of Naval Merit
1351:Knight of the Annunciation
1203:
1148:awarded Prince Albert its
853:In March 1910, there were
575:British Academy of Science
427:Louis II, Prince of Monaco
26:
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2523:
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2491:
2475:
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2442:
2426:
2410:
2389:
2368:
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2343:Jacques Goyon de Matignon
2335:
2319:
2311:Louis I, Prince of Monaco
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1526:, with White Decoration,
1395:Knight of the Black Eagle
1154:Cullum Geographical Medal
1126:which is the seat of the
1120:) in Paris, close to the
1094:Norwegian Polar Institute
1072:The third trip, in 1906,
833:. By the same token, the
636:, and sought the help of
553:where he was awarded the
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1955:– via runeberg.org
1932:– via runeberg.org
1536:
1108:. In 1909 he joined the
939:Institut océanographique
654:Stéphanie de Beauharnais
532:Duchess consort of Aosta
2807:Monegasque philatelists
1722:"Career of a Navigator"
1421:Grand Cross of St. Olav
1150:Alexander Agassiz Medal
827:The Grimaldis of Monaco
662:Hortense de Beauharnais
2862:Spanish naval officers
2030:GuĂa Oficial de España
2005:GuĂa Oficial de España
1945:Sveriges statskalender
1874:www.institut-ocean.org
1430:Knight of the Seraphim
1226:: Grand Master of the
1192:that created in 1950.
1008:
973:
882:
772:
672:on 21 September 1869.
632:, the first cousin of
590:
536:Queen consort of Spain
2802:Monegasque scientists
2190:Charles III of Monaco
1298:: Grand Cross of the
1260:: Grand Cross of the
1166:Prince Albert I Medal
1110:Société de Géographie
1006:
963:
880:
762:
646:12th Duke of Hamilton
615:11th Duke of Hamilton
588:
2867:French Navy officers
2832:Dukes of Valentinois
2083:Cadet branch of the
1922:Norges Statskalender
1644:"Consul from Monaco"
1515:Order of Charles III
1279:Knight of St. Hubert
1228:Order of St. Charles
1044:Oceanographic Museum
996:, he discovered the
970:Oceanographic Museum
968:. On display at the
943:Oceanographic Museum
781:Duchess de Richelieu
721:improve this section
613:, a daughter of the
477:Antoinette de MĂ©rode
406: 1889;
379: 1869;
102:improve this article
2197:Duke of Valentinois
2182:Titles of nobility
2008:. 1887. p. 156
1513:Grand Cross of the
1324:Grand Cross of the
1082:Prins Karls Forland
998:Princess Alice Bank
843:erection difficulty
799:building contractor
670:Château de Marchais
595:Château de Marchais
577:made him a member.
547:Franco-Prussian War
523:, maternal aunt of
2877:Marquesses of Baux
2827:Monegasque princes
2528:prince by marriage
2466:Pierre de Polignac
2270:Monegasque princes
2209:Princess Charlotte
2138:Monegasque royalty
1616:. 2 November 1914.
1613:The New York Times
1576:"The Royal Scribe"
1391:Kingdom of Prussia
1275:Kingdom of Bavaria
1141:sent him in 1912.
1123:Jardin des plantes
1009:
986:Princesse Alice II
974:
883:
773:
658:Emperor Napoléon I
591:
521:Belgian noblewoman
513:Prince Charles III
365:Lady Mary Hamilton
2797:House of Grimaldi
2764:
2763:
2682:Sovereign Princes
2535:
2534:
2530:
2237:
2236:
2232:
2219:
2206:Succeeded by
2161:Succeeded by
2127:Succeeded by
2085:House of Matignon
2078:House of Grimaldi
1908:Journal de Monaco
1857:Journal de Monaco
1829:, 1916, pp.
1807:Almanach de Gotha
1456:Alexander Agassiz
1300:Order of the Rose
896:Kaiser Wilhelm II
887:
886:
864:Monte Carlo Rally
790:(1858–1925). The
788:Marie Alice Heine
769:St Martin Gardens
757:
756:
749:
515:(1818–1889), and
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243:
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235:
225:
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178:
177:
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152:
75:
16:(Redirected from
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2892:Dukes of Mayenne
2704:Louise Hippolyte
2569:Rulers of Monaco
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2548:
2539:
2538:
2525:
2263:
2256:
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2240:
2239:
2224:
2211:
2187:Preceded by
2144:Preceded by
2120:Prince of Monaco
2110:Preceded by
2100:
2093:
2092:13 November 1848
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2068:
2043:
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1805:Justus Perthes,
1803:
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1676:on 24 April 2012
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1509:
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1481:
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1466:Cullum Geography
1447:
1445:
1444:
1413:
1412:
1406:
1405:
1389:
1387:
1386:
1371:
1367:
1365:
1364:
1347:Kingdom of Italy
1345:
1343:
1342:
1326:Legion of Honour
1320:
1316:
1314:
1313:
1296:Empire of Brazil
1294:
1292:
1291:
1273:
1271:
1270:
1256:
1254:
1253:
1239:
1237:
1236:
1222:
1220:
1219:
1164:established the
1144:In 1918, the US
931:Monaco diplomats
873:
837:Caroline Otero,
807:Duc de Richelieu
752:
745:
741:
738:
732:
701:
693:
605:(1850–1922), of
549:, he joined the
489:Prince of Monaco
434:
433:
411:
409:
405:
384:
382:
378:
336:
320:13 November 1848
319:
317:
272:Prince of Monaco
265:
262:
257:
245:
244:
238:
231:
220:
217:
211:
188:
180:
173:
166:
162:
159:
153:
151:
110:
86:
78:
67:
45:
44:
37:
21:
2907:
2906:
2902:
2901:
2900:
2898:
2897:
2896:
2767:
2766:
2765:
2760:
2677:
2571:
2566:
2536:
2531:
2519:
2508:14th generation
2503:
2492:13th generation
2487:
2476:12th generation
2471:
2459:11th generation
2454:
2443:10th generation
2438:
2422:
2406:
2385:
2364:
2348:
2331:
2315:
2299:
2283:
2272:
2267:
2233:
2220:
2202:
2200:
2192:
2176:
2173:Marquis of Baux
2166:
2157:
2149:
2132:
2123:
2115:
2094:
2088:
2087:
2081:
2074:
2052:
2047:
2046:
2036:
2034:
2026:
2025:
2021:
2011:
2009:
2001:
2000:
1996:
1986:
1982:
1975:
1971:
1964:
1960:
1951:
1949:
1942:
1941:
1937:
1928:
1926:
1919:
1918:
1914:
1906:
1902:
1885:
1881:
1868:
1867:
1863:
1855:
1851:
1841:
1837:
1821:
1820:
1816:
1804:
1800:
1791:
1790:
1786:
1780:
1768:
1764:
1757:
1745:
1741:
1731:
1729:
1720:
1719:
1715:
1705:
1703:
1696:"Monaco Yachts"
1694:
1693:
1689:
1679:
1677:
1668:
1667:
1663:
1653:
1651:
1642:
1641:
1637:
1625:
1621:
1607:
1603:
1602:
1595:
1585:
1583:
1582:on 17 July 2009
1574:
1573:
1569:
1560:
1558:
1549:
1548:
1544:
1539:
1534:
1519:27 January 1878
1500:
1498:
1478:
1476:
1442:
1440:
1432:, with Collar,
1423:, with Collar,
1407:
1400:
1384:
1382:
1378:14 January 1915
1362:
1360:
1353:, with Collar,
1340:
1338:
1311:
1309:
1289:
1287:
1268:
1266:
1251:
1249:
1241:Austria-Hungary
1234:
1232:
1217:
1215:
1206:
1198:
1182:
1114:British Academy
1086:Gunnar Isachsen
1036:oceanographical
1021:Princesse Alice
982:Princesse Alice
964:Scale model of
927:
851:
831:Isidore de Lara
816:Serge Diaghilev
753:
742:
736:
733:
718:
702:
691:
642:Empress Eugénie
583:
555:Legion of Honor
519:(1828–1864), a
505:
416:
413:
410: 1902)
401:
397:
394:
386:
383: 1880)
374:
370:
367:
351:
338:
334:
321:
315:
313:
266:
263:
239:
228:
227:
226:
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215:
212:
205:
193:This article's
189:
174:
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157:
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111:
109:
99:
87:
46:
42:
35:
32:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
2905:
2895:
2894:
2889:
2884:
2879:
2874:
2869:
2864:
2859:
2854:
2849:
2844:
2839:
2834:
2829:
2824:
2819:
2814:
2812:Oceanographers
2809:
2804:
2799:
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2789:
2784:
2779:
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2759:
2758:
2751:
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2655:
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2645:
2640:
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2620:
2615:
2610:
2605:
2600:
2595:
2590:
2585:
2579:
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2565:
2564:
2557:
2550:
2542:
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2524:
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2511:
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2501:
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2462:
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2456:
2455:
2453:
2452:
2446:
2444:
2440:
2439:
2437:
2436:
2430:
2428:
2427:9th generation
2424:
2423:
2421:
2420:
2414:
2412:
2411:8th generation
2408:
2407:
2405:
2404:
2399:
2393:
2391:
2390:7th generation
2387:
2386:
2384:
2383:
2378:
2372:
2370:
2369:6th generation
2366:
2365:
2363:
2362:
2356:
2354:
2353:5th generation
2350:
2349:
2347:
2346:
2339:
2337:
2336:4th generation
2333:
2332:
2330:
2329:
2323:
2321:
2320:3rd generation
2317:
2316:
2314:
2313:
2307:
2305:
2304:2nd generation
2301:
2300:
2298:
2297:
2291:
2289:
2288:1st generation
2285:
2284:
2277:
2274:
2273:
2266:
2265:
2258:
2251:
2243:
2235:
2234:
2207:
2204:
2193:
2188:
2184:
2183:
2179:
2178:
2168:
2167:
2162:
2159:
2150:
2145:
2141:
2140:
2134:
2133:
2128:
2125:
2116:
2111:
2107:
2106:
2105:Regnal titles
2102:
2101:
2082:
2075:
2072:
2067:
2066:
2051:
2050:External links
2048:
2045:
2044:
2019:
1994:
1980:
1969:
1958:
1935:
1912:
1900:
1879:
1861:
1849:
1835:
1823:"Ritter-Orden"
1814:
1798:
1795:. 4 June 2022.
1784:
1762:
1739:
1728:on 13 May 2015
1713:
1702:on 28 May 2013
1687:
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1335:
1334:
1328:
1306:
1304:21 August 1888
1285:
1264:
1247:
1230:
1212:
1211:
1210:
1205:
1202:
1197:
1194:
1186:postage stamps
1181:
1178:
926:
923:
903:Karl von BĂĽlow
885:
884:
850:
847:
839:La Belle Otero
794:daughter of a
755:
754:
705:
703:
696:
690:
687:
640:and his wife,
634:Queen Victoria
617:and his wife,
582:
581:First marriage
579:
504:
501:
497:a constitution
480:
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341:
340:
337:(aged 73)
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282:
279:
275:
274:
268:
267:
258:
250:
249:
241:
240:
223:
222:
216:September 2011
202:the key points
192:
190:
183:
176:
175:
158:September 2011
90:
88:
81:
76:
50:
49:
47:
40:
33:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2904:
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2868:
2865:
2863:
2860:
2858:
2857:Teuthologists
2855:
2853:
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2848:
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2828:
2825:
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2415:
2413:
2409:
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2400:
2398:
2395:
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2392:
2388:
2382:
2381:Prince Joseph
2379:
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2148:
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2122:
2121:
2114:
2108:
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2098:
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2070:
2065:
2061:
2057:
2054:
2053:
2032:
2031:
2023:
2007:
2006:
1998:
1991:
1990:
1984:
1978:
1973:
1967:
1962:
1947:
1946:
1939:
1924:
1923:
1916:
1909:
1904:
1896:
1892:
1891:
1883:
1875:
1871:
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1824:
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1812:
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1649:
1648:Reading Eagle
1645:
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1471:
1467:
1463:
1461:
1457:
1453:
1452:
1450:
1449:United States
1439:
1435:
1431:
1428:
1426:
1425:30 March 1875
1422:
1419:
1418:
1416:
1415:Sweden-Norway
1411:
1404:
1399:
1397:, with Collar
1396:
1392:
1381:
1379:
1376:, 1st Class,
1375:
1370:
1358:
1356:
1355:25 April 1910
1352:
1348:
1337:
1333:
1332:1870–1871 War
1329:
1327:
1323:
1322:
1319:
1307:
1305:
1301:
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1140:
1137:
1133:
1132:Hugo Conwentz
1129:
1125:
1124:
1119:
1115:
1111:
1107:
1103:
1097:
1095:
1091:
1087:
1083:
1079:
1078:William Bruce
1075:
1070:
1068:
1067:Albert I Land
1064:
1060:
1056:
1052:
1047:
1045:
1041:
1037:
1032:
1030:
1026:
1025:Albert I Land
1022:
1019:on his yacht
1018:
1014:
1013:polar regions
1005:
1001:
999:
995:
991:
990:Hirondelle II
987:
983:
979:
971:
967:
966:Hirondelle II
962:
958:
956:
952:
948:
944:
940:
936:
932:
922:
920:
915:
912:
908:
904:
899:
897:
893:
879:
875:
874:
871:
869:
865:
861:
856:
855:mass protests
846:
844:
840:
836:
832:
828:
824:
819:
817:
812:
808:
804:
803:German-Jewish
800:
797:
793:
789:
786:
782:
778:
770:
766:
761:
751:
748:
740:
737:November 2021
730:
726:
722:
716:
715:
711:
706:This section
704:
700:
695:
694:
686:
684:
679:
673:
671:
667:
663:
659:
655:
651:
647:
643:
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635:
631:
626:
624:
620:
616:
612:
608:
604:
600:
596:
587:
578:
576:
572:
568:
567:archeological
564:
560:
559:oceanographic
556:
552:
548:
544:
539:
537:
533:
529:
526:
522:
518:
514:
511:, the son of
510:
509:Paris, France
500:
498:
494:
490:
486:
478:
475:
471:
468:
465:
461:
458:
455:
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449:
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435:
431:
428:
425:
423:
419:
393:
388:
366:
361:
360:
358:
354:
350:
346:
342:
339:Paris, France
332:
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308:
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172:
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147:
143:
140:
136:
133:
129:
126:
122:
119: –
118:
114:
113:Find sources:
107:
103:
97:
96:
91:This article
89:
85:
80:
79:
74:
72:
65:
64:
59:
58:
53:
48:
39:
38:
30:
19:
2753:
2738:
2527:
2433:
2226:
2213:
2195:
2171:
2152:
2118:
2099:26 June 1922
2096:
2089:
2084:
2076:
2035:. Retrieved
2029:
2022:
2010:. Retrieved
2004:
1997:
1987:
1983:
1972:
1961:
1950:, retrieved
1944:
1938:
1927:, retrieved
1921:
1915:
1903:
1889:
1882:
1873:
1864:
1852:
1842:
1838:
1826:
1817:
1806:
1801:
1787:
1774:
1770:
1765:
1751:
1747:
1742:
1730:. Retrieved
1726:the original
1716:
1704:. Retrieved
1700:the original
1690:
1678:. Retrieved
1674:the original
1664:
1652:. Retrieved
1647:
1638:
1630:
1627:
1626:Antony Adler
1622:
1611:
1584:. Retrieved
1580:the original
1570:
1559:. Retrieved
1557:. 2019-10-19
1554:
1545:
1527:
1518:
1492:
1469:
1459:
1434:17 June 1894
1433:
1424:
1377:
1354:
1303:
1282:
1244:
1199:
1183:
1143:
1121:
1117:
1098:
1071:
1048:
1033:
1020:
1010:
989:
985:
981:
977:
975:
965:
935:oceanography
928:
916:
900:
888:
860:constitution
852:
826:
823:Anne Edwards
820:
811:principality
774:
765:Monaco-Ville
743:
734:
719:Please help
707:
674:
627:
592:
571:Grimaldi Man
562:
543:Spanish Navy
540:
506:
493:oceanography
484:
483:
335:(1922-06-26)
333:26 June 1922
229:
213:
197:
195:lead section
164:
155:
145:
138:
131:
124:
112:
100:Please help
95:verification
92:
68:
61:
55:
54:Please help
51:
2782:1922 deaths
2777:1848 births
2749:Rainier III
2734:Charles III
2147:Charles III
2113:Charles III
1781:(in French)
1758:(in French)
1555:HelloMonaco
1485:WĂĽrttemberg
1209:Decorations
1196:Numismatics
1190:Rainier III
1074:meteorology
1063:Spitsbergen
1059:Raudfjorden
1051:hydrography
1029:Spitsbergen
892:World War I
796:New Orleans
607:Lanarkshire
569:digs. The "
551:French Navy
392:Alice Heine
290:Charles III
286:Predecessor
264: 1910
2771:Categories
2714:Honoré III
2663:Charles II
2603:Rainier II
2203:1889–1922
2177:1856–1889
2158:1856–1889
2124:1889–1922
1952:2019-02-20
1929:2018-01-06
1893:. p.
1561:2020-03-30
1055:topography
1040:zoological
978:Hirondelle
898:from war.
849:Later life
503:Early life
316:1848-11-13
259:Albert I,
128:newspapers
57:improve it
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2729:Florestan
2719:Honoré IV
2709:Jacques I
2699:Antonio I
2689:Honoré II
2673:Honoré II
2593:Charles I
2588:Rainier I
2201:1889–1919
1464:Medal of
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1180:Philately
1102:Antarctic
1090:Norwegian
835:courtesan
708:does not
666:Hamiltons
599:Champagne
296:Successor
200:summarize
63:talk page
2744:Louis II
2739:Albert I
2724:Honoré V
2658:Honoré I
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2638:Claudine
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2222:Louis II
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2164:Louis II
2130:Louis II
2012:21 March
1174:chemical
1170:physical
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1112:and the
1017:Svalbard
953:, and a
947:aquarium
919:Louis II
911:Marchais
907:Sissonne
792:American
623:Caroline
611:Scotland
485:Albert I
457:Grimaldi
325:, France
300:Louis II
248:Albert I
2694:Louis I
2648:Jean II
2633:Catalan
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2598:Antonio
2228:de jure
2062:of the
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2090:Born:
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1732:6 May
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1680:6 May
1608:(PDF)
1586:6 May
1537:Notes
1507:Spain
1258:Baden
1080:, to
777:Paris
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452:House
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278:Reign
149:JSTOR
135:books
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2014:2019
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