1279:(NLC). Based upon the generated voltage and the depolarized or hyperpolarized state of the cell, prestin will transition through two distinct steps, representing the three-state model of prestin modulation. Experiments show that with increasing depolarizing stimuli, prestin transitions from an elongated state to an intermediate state to a contracted state, increasing its NLC. Under hyperpolarizing conditions, NLC decreases and prestin transitions back to its elongated state. Of significance, increased membrane tension as characterized by prestin elongation decreases the chloride allosteric binding site affinity for chloride, perhaps playing a role in regulation of prestin modulation. The total estimated displacement of prestin upon modulation from elongated to contracted state is 3–4 nm. A recent study supports the IVS model showing that mutations of 12 residues that span the intracellular side of prestin's core membrane resulted in significant decrease in NLC. Eight of the 12 residues were positively charged and are hypothesized to make up the allosteric chloride binding site of prestin.
251:
228:
1267:, which is a mammalian evolution that increases sensitivity to incoming sound wave frequencies and, thus, amplifies the signal. Previous research has suggested that this modulation takes place via an extrinsic voltage-sensor (partial anion transporter model), whereby chloride binds to the intracellular side of prestin and enters a defunct transporter, causing prestin elongation. However, there is new evidence that prestin acts through an intrinsic voltage-sensor (IVS) in which intracellular chloride binds allosterically to prestin to modify shape.
150:
125:
257:
156:
1212:. There is no significant difference between prestin density in high-frequency and low-frequency regions of the cochlea in fully developed mammals. There is good evidence that prestin has undergone adaptive evolution in mammals associated with acquisition of high frequency hearing in mammals. The prestin protein shows several parallel amino acid replacements in bats, whales, and dolphins that have independently evolved ultrasonic hearing and
1296:(CHO) cells. These results could not be reproduced in oocytes. Therefore, prestin may require an associated cofactor for anion uptake in oocytes; however, this hypothesis is still under question. Experiments have shown that various anions can compete for prestin uptake including malate, chloride, and alkylsulfonic anions.
1287:
Although previously thought to be absent, anion transport has also been shown to be an important aspect of prestin's ability to drive electromotility of hair cells. This mechanism is independent of prestin's voltage-sensing capabilities based upon mutagenesis experiments showing that different
2098:
1251:
found to be essential for outer hair cell motility. Unlike the classical, enzymatically driven motors, this new type of motor is based on direct voltage-to-displacement conversion and acts several orders of magnitude faster than other cellular motor proteins. A targeted
5100:
5353:
2268:
Lohi H, Kujala M, Kerkelä E, Saarialho-Kere U, Kestilä M, Kere J (2001). "Mapping of five new putative anion transporter genes in human and characterization of SLC26A6, a candidate gene for pancreatic anion exchanger".
264:
163:
3581:
4177:
1813:
Oliver D, He DZ, Klöcker N, Ludwig J, Schulte U, Waldegger S, Ruppersberg JP, Dallos P, Fakler B (2001). "Intracellular Anions as the
Voltage Sensor of Prestin, the Outer Hair Cell Motor Protein".
1288:
mutations lead to effects in either anion-uptake or NLC, but not both. It is suggested that prestin contains an intrinsic anion-uptake mechanism based upon research showing concentration dependent
2482:
Matsuda K, Zheng J, Du GG, Klöcker N, Madison LD, Dallos P (2004). "N-linked glycosylation sites of the motor protein prestin: effects on membrane targeting and electrophysiological function".
4864:
3486:
5062:
4664:
4632:
3652:
4511:
5241:
4897:
3390:
2703:
5429:
5386:
1759:
Liberman MC, Gao J, He DZ, Wu X, Jia S, Zuo J (September 2002). "Prestin is required for electromotility of the outer hair cell and for the cochlear amplifier".
1508:"The ultrastructural distribution of prestin in outer hair cells: A post-embedding immunogold investigation of low and high frequency regions of the rat cochlea"
1276:
2396:
Liu XZ, Ouyang XM, Xia XJ, Zheng J, Pandya A, Li F, Du LL, Welch KO, Petit C, Smith RJ, Webb BT, Yan D, Arnos KS, Corey D, Dallos P, Nance WE, Chen ZY (2004).
5467:
1228:
817:
836:
86:
2351:
Liberman MC, Gao J, He DZ, Wu X, Jia S, Zuo J (2002). "Prestin is required for electromotility of the outer hair cell and for the cochlear amplifier".
3690:
2679:
2556:
Rajagopalan L, Patel N, Madabushi S, Goddard JA, Anjan V, Lin F, Shope C, Farrell B, Lichtarge O, Davidson AL, Brownell WE, Pereira FA (2006).
1397:
1415:
5700:
2657:
4059:
5223:
5218:
4566:
4561:
4488:
4483:
4478:
4473:
4468:
4463:
4443:
4438:
4433:
4428:
4413:
4403:
4393:
4388:
4378:
4353:
4159:
4144:
4139:
3761:
3756:
3751:
2647:
1555:
Franchini LF, Elgoyhen AB (Dec 2006). "Adaptive evolution in mammalian proteins involved in cochlear outer hair cell electromotility".
1092:
5477:
5444:
5411:
5401:
5368:
5363:
5297:
5178:
5130:
5120:
5077:
5041:
5036:
5003:
4998:
4993:
4988:
4979:
4974:
4969:
4941:
4931:
4922:
4917:
4912:
4747:
4732:
4727:
4712:
4679:
4646:
4556:
4516:
4273:
4245:
4230:
4225:
4220:
4197:
4192:
4040:
4036:
4027:
3985:
3809:
3799:
3789:
3721:
3667:
3601:
3586:
3420:
3415:
3410:
3261:
3162:
3157:
3127:
3051:
3046:
3041:
2968:
1339:
at millimolar concentrations. Application of salicylate blocks prestin function in a dose-dependent and readily reversible manner.
1099:
3362:
3352:
3337:
3299:
3294:
3112:
3036:
2963:
1492:
3965:
1438:
Zheng J, Shen W, He DZ, Long KB, Madison LD, Dallos P (Jun 2000). "Prestin is the motor protein of cochlear outer hair cells".
5495:
5021:
1380:
5769:
3221:
2890:
1205:
1174:
4363:
3857:
2783:
2778:
2672:
1359:
5749:
5650:
4817:
3779:
3077:
2991:
2748:
250:
2519:
Chambard JM, Ashmore JF (2005). "Regulation of the voltage-gated potassium channel KCNQ4 in the auditory pathway".
3842:
2918:
2763:
2558:"Essential helix interactions in the anion transporter domain of prestin revealed by evolutionary trace analysis"
1384:
1363:
227:
5774:
5690:
5670:
5665:
5636:
3741:
3543:
3538:
3317:
2665:
881:
3736:
3731:
3726:
3711:
3706:
3701:
3696:
862:
5660:
2687:
1259:
Prestin is a transmembrane protein that mechanically contracts and elongates leading to electromotility of
149:
124:
66:
1184:. It is highly expressed in the outer hair cells, and is not expressed in the nonmotile inner hair cells.
263:
162:
256:
155:
4584:
4215:
3087:
2696:
1293:
2096:, Dallos P, Zheng J, Madison LD, "Mammalian prestin polynucleotides", published 2003-08-05
2093:
5645:
3533:
1204:
Prestin is essential in auditory processing. It is specifically expressed in the lateral membrane of
2300:"Thyroid hormone is a critical determinant for the regulation of the cochlear motor protein prestin"
53:
5695:
3517:
3284:
1071:
1067:
1024:
1020:
1000:
996:
971:
945:
74:
1196:
occurs. The expression pattern correlates with the appearance of outer hair cell electromotility.
5655:
5287:
3913:
3016:
1236:
1075:
1046:
1036:
1032:
1028:
992:
961:
957:
953:
949:
2298:
Weber T, Zimmermann U, Winter H, Mack A, Köpschall I, Rohbock K, Zenner HP, Knipper M (2002).
5631:
5153:
4338:
4263:
3657:
3528:
3523:
3097:
2699:
1927:"Conformational State-Dependent Anion Binding in Prestin: Evidence for Allosteric Modulation"
1324:
94:
2116:
Markovich D (2001). "Physiological roles and regulation of mammalian sulfate transporters".
5728:
5723:
3092:
2444:
2360:
2311:
2049:
1938:
1878:
1768:
1715:
1662:
1447:
1304:
Prestin was discovered by Peter Dallos's group in 2000 and named from the musical notation
1217:
1185:
138:
2232:
8:
5320:
3026:
2801:
1213:
2448:
2433:"Tension sensitivity of prestin: comparison with the membrane motor in outer hair cells"
2364:
2315:
2053:
1942:
1882:
1772:
1719:
1666:
1451:
1256:
strategy of prestin showed a >100-fold (or 40 dB) loss of auditory sensitivity.
1193:
3082:
2582:
2557:
2544:
2507:
2465:
2432:
2384:
2216:
2191:
2178:
2141:
2070:
2037:
2013:
1986:
1959:
1926:
1899:
1866:
1838:
1792:
1741:
1626:
1601:
1532:
1507:
1471:
1264:
98:
2456:
2334:
2299:
751:
746:
741:
736:
731:
726:
721:
716:
711:
706:
701:
696:
691:
686:
681:
676:
671:
666:
661:
656:
651:
646:
641:
636:
620:
615:
610:
605:
600:
595:
590:
574:
569:
564:
559:
554:
549:
544:
539:
534:
2632:
2587:
2536:
2499:
2495:
2470:
2419:
2376:
2339:
2286:
2256:
2221:
2170:
2133:
2075:
2018:
1964:
1904:
1830:
1784:
1733:
1680:
1631:
1582:
1537:
1523:
1463:
1312:
1232:
46:
22:
2548:
2511:
2145:
1842:
1305:
78:
5523:
3624:
2688:
2622:
2612:
2577:
2573:
2569:
2528:
2491:
2460:
2452:
2409:
2388:
2368:
2329:
2319:
2278:
2246:
2211:
2203:
2182:
2162:
2129:
2125:
2065:
2057:
2038:"Anion Control of Voltage Sensing by the Motor Protein Prestin in Outer Hair Cells"
2008:
1998:
1954:
1946:
1894:
1886:
1822:
1796:
1776:
1745:
1723:
1670:
1621:
1613:
1572:
1564:
1527:
1519:
1475:
1455:
1224:
343:
274:
218:
173:
1865:
Bai JP, Surguchev A, Montoya S, Aronson PS, Santos-Sacchi J, Navaratnam D (2009).
5607:
2692:
2207:
1189:
318:
102:
2061:
1568:
1420:
National Center for
Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine
1402:
National Center for
Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine
1335:
Electromotile function of mammalian prestin is blocked by the amphiphilic anion
2398:"Prestin, a cochlear motor protein, is defective in non-syndromic hearing loss"
1890:
1336:
419:
2532:
1950:
1728:
1699:
1675:
1650:
5763:
5623:
2651:
1275:
In this model of intrinsic voltage-sensing, the movement of ions generates a
1253:
1170:
521:
2003:
1867:"Prestin's Anion Transport and Voltage-Sensing Capabilities Are Independent"
1826:
1263:(OHC). Electromotility is the driving force behind the somatic motor of the
479:
357:
2636:
2591:
2540:
2503:
2474:
2423:
2380:
2343:
2324:
2290:
2282:
2225:
2174:
2137:
2079:
2022:
1968:
1908:
1834:
1788:
1737:
1684:
1635:
1586:
1541:
1467:
336:
115:
2617:
2601:"A new mutation in the human pres gene and its effect on prestin function"
2600:
2260:
1617:
1139:
1134:
5246:
4702:
4298:
3499:
2414:
2397:
2251:
2234:
2233:
Sanger Centre T, Washington
University Genome Sequencing Cente T (1999).
926:
907:
2372:
1780:
1158:
that is critical to sensitive hearing in mammals. It is encoded by the
5682:
4840:
1577:
235:
132:
82:
5619:
2627:
1459:
1289:
1260:
1244:
781:
302:
289:
201:
188:
90:
1505:
5213:
5208:
5203:
5135:
4752:
4493:
4458:
4453:
4448:
4423:
4418:
4408:
4398:
4383:
4373:
4368:
4358:
4348:
4343:
4333:
4323:
4318:
4313:
4154:
4149:
4134:
4129:
4124:
4119:
4114:
4109:
3879:
3746:
3073:
2166:
2153:
Dallos P, Fakler B (2002). "Prestin, a new type of motor protein".
1493:"Entrez Gene: SLC26A5 solute carrier family 26, member 5 (prestin)"
1240:
1123:
5580:
5575:
5570:
5565:
5560:
5555:
5505:
5500:
5472:
5449:
5439:
5434:
5406:
5396:
5391:
5358:
5302:
5292:
5198:
5193:
5188:
5183:
5173:
5168:
5163:
5158:
5125:
5115:
5110:
5105:
5082:
5072:
5067:
5044:
5031:
5026:
4960:
4955:
4946:
4936:
4907:
4902:
4879:
4874:
4869:
4846:
4822:
4799:
4742:
4737:
4722:
4717:
4707:
4684:
4674:
4669:
4641:
4636:
4614:
4609:
4604:
4599:
4594:
4589:
4551:
4546:
4541:
4536:
4531:
4526:
4521:
4308:
4303:
4293:
4288:
4283:
4278:
4268:
4240:
4235:
4187:
4182:
4104:
4099:
4094:
4089:
4084:
4079:
4074:
4069:
4064:
4022:
4013:
4004:
3999:
3990:
3980:
3975:
3970:
3924:
3919:
3895:
3890:
3885:
3824:
3819:
3814:
3804:
3794:
3784:
3716:
3672:
3662:
3634:
3629:
3606:
3596:
3591:
3563:
3558:
3553:
3548:
3496:
3491:
3447:
3442:
3437:
3432:
3425:
3405:
3400:
3395:
3372:
3367:
3266:
3256:
3251:
3177:
3172:
3167:
3152:
3147:
3142:
3137:
3132:
2973:
2871:
2866:
2861:
2856:
2851:
2599:
Toth T, Deak L, Fazakas F, Zheng J, Muszbek L, Sziklai I (2007).
1209:
1181:
1155:
893:
848:
766:
762:
2555:
1987:"Evidence That Prestin Has at Least Two Voltage-dependent Steps"
70:
5704:
5101:
System A & N, sodium-coupled neutral amino-acid transporter
4793:
4328:
3875:
3357:
3347:
3342:
3332:
3327:
3322:
3289:
3246:
3241:
3236:
3231:
3213:
3208:
3203:
3198:
3122:
3117:
3107:
3102:
3069:
3031:
3021:
3011:
3006:
2996:
2958:
2953:
2948:
2943:
2938:
2933:
2928:
2923:
2900:
2895:
2846:
2836:
2831:
2773:
2768:
2758:
2753:
2267:
1178:
1107:
803:
3852:
3847:
3001:
2841:
2826:
2821:
2816:
2811:
2806:
1248:
1506:
Mahendrasingam S, Beurg M, Fettiplace R, Hackney CM (2010).
5335:
5330:
5325:
3226:
1651:"Cetaceans on a molecular fast track to ultrasonic hearing"
1163:
550:
secondary active sulfate transmembrane transporter activity
2749:
high affinity glutamate and neutral amino-acid transporter
1864:
2297:
2092:
1548:
3195:
cationic amino-acid transporter/glycoprotein-associated
2035:
1323:
Mutations in the SLC26A5 gene have been associated with
326:
3220:
glycoprotein-associated/light or catalytic subunits of
1162:(solute carrier anion transporter family 26, member 5)
1649:
Liu Y, Rossiter SJ, Han X, Cotton JA, Zhang S (2010).
2481:
1812:
491:
5354:
Na-independent, system-L like amino-acid transporter
2598:
1648:
2189:
1247:across the plasma membrane of mammalian cells, two
1376:
1374:
1372:
1355:
1353:
1351:
687:negative regulation of ion transmembrane transport
2395:
1924:
1554:
273:
172:
57:, DFNB61, PRES, solute carrier family 26 member 5
5761:
1599:
2518:
2350:
1758:
1602:"Prestin and high frequency hearing in mammals"
1437:
1369:
1348:
16:Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
1808:
1806:
1433:
1431:
1429:
1381:GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000029015
555:bicarbonate transmembrane transporter activity
2673:
1697:
2152:
1752:
1593:
1270:
4060:organic cation/anion/zwitterion transporter
2029:
1984:
1803:
1499:
1426:
1360:GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000170615
575:chloride transmembrane transporter activity
3582:human Na-sulfate/carboxylate cotransporter
2680:
2666:
2648:United States National Library of Medicine
1192:of the outer hair cells, the region where
1188:shows prestin is expressed in the lateral
560:oxalate transmembrane transporter activity
545:sulfate transmembrane transporter activity
2626:
2616:
2581:
2464:
2430:
2413:
2333:
2323:
2250:
2235:"Toward a complete human genome sequence"
2215:
2115:
2086:
2069:
2012:
2002:
1958:
1898:
1727:
1674:
1625:
1576:
1531:
2646:This article incorporates text from the
1980:
1978:
1642:
1487:
1485:
1318:
4178:Na+-dependent ascorbic acid transporter
2190:Dallos P, Zheng J, Cheatham MA (2006).
2036:Rybalchenko V, Santos-Sacchi J (2008).
1920:
1918:
1691:
5762:
3966:Organic anion-transporting polypeptide
1860:
1858:
1856:
1854:
1852:
1227:) is a member of a distinct family of
5605:
5544:
5269:
5022:proton-coupled amino-acid transporter
4775:
3947:
3468:
3222:heterodimeric amino-acid transporters
2891:heterodimeric amino-acid transporters
2730:
2715:
2661:
1975:
1557:Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution
1482:
1308:because of the speed of the protein.
616:integral component of plasma membrane
278:
239:
234:
177:
136:
131:
3487:proton coupled metal ion transporter
2192:"Prestin and the cochlear amplifier"
1915:
1704:unites echolocating bats and whales"
1698:Li Y, Liu Z, Shi P, Zhang P (2010).
1600:Rossiter SJ, Zhang S, Liu Y (2011).
1231:, SLC26. Members of this family are
1216:, and these represent rare cases of
647:positive regulation of cell motility
5063:sugar-phosphate/phosphate exchanger
4665:facilitative nucleoside transporter
1849:
1235:well conserved and can mediate the
13:
4865:type II Na-phosphate cotransporter
3078:sodium:neurotransmitter symporters
2108:
1282:
14:
5786:
4818:Vesicular glutamate transporter 1
3780:Vesicular glutamate transporter 1
3653:proton oligopeptide cotransporter
540:protein homodimerization activity
2496:10.1111/j.1471-4159.2004.02377.x
1925:Song L, Santos-Sacchi J (2010).
1524:10.1111/j.1460-9568.2010.07182.x
1512:European Journal of Neuroscience
742:fructose transmembrane transport
722:positive regulation of cell size
672:chloride transmembrane transport
657:regulation of membrane potential
262:
255:
249:
226:
161:
154:
148:
123:
4633:Na-coupled nucleoside transport
4512:multifunctional anion exchanger
3843:vesicular monoamine transporter
1991:Journal of Biological Chemistry
752:sulfate transmembrane transport
2574:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.2734-06.2006
2130:10.1152/physrev.2001.81.4.1499
1408:
1390:
667:regulation of intracellular pH
596:integral component of membrane
480:More reference expression data
380:right hemisphere of cerebellum
1:
5606:
5496:multidrug and toxin extrusion
4585:fatty acid transport proteins
2802:facilitative GLUT transporter
2457:10.1016/S0006-3495(04)74194-6
1342:
732:response to auditory stimulus
707:anion transmembrane transport
247:
146:
5270:
5242:basolateral iron transporter
4898:nucleoside-sugar transporter
4776:
3948:
3469:
3391:sodium bile salt cotransport
2992:sodium glucose cotransporter
2716:
2304:Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A
2208:10.1113/jphysiol.2006.114652
1315:by its discoverers in 2003.
1299:
570:transcription factor binding
7:
5770:Genes on human chromosome 7
5545:
2731:
2697:membrane transport proteins
2062:10.1529/biophysj.108.134197
1569:10.1016/j.ympev.2006.05.042
1330:
1199:
697:ion transmembrane transport
662:response to thyroid hormone
621:basolateral plasma membrane
388:right lobe of thyroid gland
10:
5791:
5430:Putative sugar transporter
2431:Dong XX, Iwasa KH (2004).
1985:Homma K, Dallos P (2010).
1891:10.1016/j.bpj.2008.12.3948
1325:non-syndromic hearing loss
737:response to salicylic acid
392:left lobe of thyroid gland
20:
5745:
5681:
5618:
5614:
5601:
5551:
5540:
5516:
5488:
5460:
5422:
5379:
5346:
5313:
5280:
5276:
5265:
5234:
5146:
5093:
5055:
5014:
4890:
4857:
4833:
4810:
4786:
4782:
4771:
4695:
4657:
4625:
4577:
4504:
4256:
4208:
4170:
4052:
3958:
3954:
3943:
3906:
3868:
3835:
3772:
3683:
3645:
3617:
3574:
3510:
3479:
3475:
3464:
3383:
3310:
3277:
3188:
3062:
2984:
2911:
2882:
2794:
2741:
2737:
2726:
2722:
2711:
2533:10.1007/s00424-004-1366-2
1951:10.1016/j.bpj.2009.10.027
1729:10.1016/j.cub.2009.11.042
1676:10.1016/j.cub.2010.09.008
1416:"Mouse PubMed Reference:"
1398:"Human PubMed Reference:"
1311:The prestin molecule was
1271:Intrinsic voltage sensing
1138:
1133:
1129:
1122:
1106:
1093:Chr 7: 103.35 – 103.45 Mb
1087:
1064:
1060:
1043:
1019:
1012:
989:
985:
968:
944:
937:
924:
920:
905:
901:
892:
879:
875:
860:
856:
847:
834:
830:
815:
811:
802:
787:
780:
776:
760:
642:response to potassium ion
565:chloride channel activity
520:
516:
504:
499:
490:
477:
426:
417:
364:
355:
325:
317:
313:
296:
283:
246:
225:
216:
212:
195:
182:
145:
122:
113:
109:
64:
61:
51:
44:
39:
35:
30:
5750:solute carrier disorders
5387:Choline-like transporter
3518:electroneutral cation-Cl
2155:Nat. Rev. Mol. Cell Biol
1177:of the inner ear of the
727:regulation of cell shape
21:Not to be confused with
5288:Magnesium transporter E
2919:bicarbonate transporter
2004:10.1074/jbc.M110.185694
1827:10.1126/science.1060939
1237:electroneutral exchange
1220:at the sequence level.
1100:Chr 5: 22.02 – 22.07 Mb
717:transmembrane transport
682:protein tetramerization
601:lateral plasma membrane
5683:Antiporter (exchanger)
2325:10.1073/pnas.052609899
2283:10.1006/geno.2000.6355
2094:US granted 6602992
1223:Prestin (mol. wt. 80 k
462:superior frontal gyrus
5775:Solute carrier family
5154:metal ion transporter
4264:mitochondrial carrier
3914:type III Na-phosphate
2618:10.3892/ijmm.20.4.545
1618:10.4161/cib.4.2.14647
1319:Clinical significance
1294:Chinese hamster ovary
1277:nonlinear capacitance
692:bicarbonate transport
376:cerebellar hemisphere
2252:10.1101/gr.8.11.1097
1218:convergent evolution
702:response to ischemia
241:Chromosome 5 (mouse)
139:Chromosome 7 (human)
5321:Ammonia transporter
4216:Na/(Ca-K) exchanger
2449:2004BpJ....86.1201D
2373:10.1038/nature01059
2365:2002Natur.419..300L
2316:2002PNAS...99.2901W
2054:2008BpJ....95.4439R
2042:Biophysical Journal
1943:2010BpJ....98Q.371S
1931:Biophysical Journal
1883:2009BpJ....96.3179B
1871:Biophysical Journal
1821:(5525): 2340–2343.
1781:10.1038/nature01059
1773:2002Natur.419..300L
1720:2010CBio...20..R55L
1667:2010CBio...20.1834L
1452:2000Natur.405..149Z
637:cochlea development
280:5 A3|5 9.97 cM
103:SLC26A5 - orthologs
5468:Folate transporter
2889:heavy subunits of
2650:, which is in the
2415:10.1093/hmg/ddg127
1700:"The hearing gene
1606:Commun Integr Biol
1265:cochlear amplifier
1229:anion transporters
1186:Immunolocalization
882:ENSMUSG00000029015
630:Biological process
584:Cellular component
528:Molecular function
5757:
5756:
5741:
5740:
5737:
5736:
5597:
5596:
5593:
5592:
5589:
5588:
5536:
5535:
5532:
5531:
5261:
5260:
5257:
5256:
4767:
4766:
4763:
4762:
3939:
3938:
3935:
3934:
3460:
3459:
3456:
3455:
2689:Membrane proteins
1149:
1148:
1145:
1144:
1118:
1117:
1083:
1082:
1054:
1053:
1008:
1007:
979:
978:
933:
932:
914:
913:
888:
887:
869:
868:
843:
842:
824:
823:
772:
771:
747:oxalate transport
652:sulfate transport
512:
511:
508:
507:
486:
485:
473:
472:
411:
410:
396:lactiferous gland
372:cerebellar cortex
309:
308:
208:
207:
23:Prestin (surname)
5782:
5716:
5715:
5714:
5616:
5615:
5603:
5602:
5542:
5541:
5524:Heme transporter
5278:
5277:
5267:
5266:
4784:
4783:
4773:
4772:
3956:
3955:
3945:
3944:
3625:urea transporter
3477:
3476:
3466:
3465:
2739:
2738:
2728:
2727:
2724:
2723:
2713:
2712:
2693:carrier proteins
2682:
2675:
2668:
2659:
2658:
2640:
2630:
2620:
2605:Int. J. Mol. Med
2595:
2585:
2568:(49): 12727–34.
2552:
2515:
2478:
2468:
2427:
2417:
2392:
2347:
2337:
2327:
2294:
2264:
2254:
2245:(11): 1097–108.
2229:
2219:
2186:
2149:
2103:
2102:
2101:
2097:
2090:
2084:
2083:
2073:
2048:(9): 4439–4447.
2033:
2027:
2026:
2016:
2006:
1997:(3): 2297–2307.
1982:
1973:
1972:
1962:
1922:
1913:
1912:
1902:
1877:(8): 3179–3186.
1862:
1847:
1846:
1810:
1801:
1800:
1756:
1750:
1749:
1731:
1695:
1689:
1688:
1678:
1646:
1640:
1639:
1629:
1597:
1591:
1590:
1580:
1552:
1546:
1545:
1535:
1518:(9): 1595–1605.
1503:
1497:
1496:
1489:
1480:
1479:
1460:10.1038/35012009
1446:(6783): 149–55.
1435:
1424:
1423:
1412:
1406:
1405:
1394:
1388:
1378:
1367:
1357:
1261:outer hair cells
1206:outer hair cells
1175:outer hair cells
1131:
1130:
1102:
1095:
1078:
1058:
1057:
1049:
1017:
1016:
1013:RefSeq (protein)
1003:
983:
982:
974:
942:
941:
918:
917:
899:
898:
873:
872:
854:
853:
828:
827:
809:
808:
778:
777:
712:response to salt
535:spectrin binding
518:
517:
497:
496:
482:
434:secondary oocyte
422:
420:Top expressed in
415:
414:
360:
358:Top expressed in
353:
352:
332:
331:
315:
314:
305:
292:
281:
266:
259:
253:
242:
230:
214:
213:
204:
191:
180:
165:
158:
152:
141:
127:
111:
110:
105:
56:
49:
28:
27:
5790:
5789:
5785:
5784:
5783:
5781:
5780:
5779:
5760:
5759:
5758:
5753:
5733:
5713:
5710:
5709:
5708:
5706:
5677:
5640:
5610:
5585:
5547:
5528:
5512:
5484:
5456:
5418:
5375:
5342:
5309:
5272:
5253:
5230:
5142:
5089:
5051:
5010:
4886:
4853:
4829:
4806:
4778:
4759:
4691:
4653:
4621:
4573:
4500:
4252:
4204:
4166:
4048:
3950:
3931:
3902:
3864:
3831:
3768:
3691:monocarboxylate
3679:
3641:
3613:
3570:
3506:
3471:
3452:
3379:
3306:
3285:Na/Ca exchanger
3273:
3184:
3058:
2980:
2907:
2878:
2790:
2733:
2718:
2707:
2686:
2643:
2408:(10): 1155–62.
2402:Hum. Mol. Genet
2359:(6904): 300–4.
2202:(Pt 1): 37–42.
2124:(4): 1499–533.
2111:
2109:Further reading
2106:
2099:
2091:
2087:
2034:
2030:
1983:
1976:
1923:
1916:
1863:
1850:
1811:
1804:
1767:(6904): 300–4.
1757:
1753:
1696:
1692:
1647:
1643:
1598:
1594:
1553:
1549:
1504:
1500:
1491:
1490:
1483:
1436:
1427:
1414:
1413:
1409:
1396:
1395:
1391:
1379:
1370:
1358:
1349:
1345:
1333:
1321:
1302:
1285:
1283:Anion transport
1273:
1254:gene disruption
1202:
1194:electromotility
1190:plasma membrane
1169:Prestin is the
1140:View/Edit Mouse
1135:View/Edit Human
1098:
1091:
1088:Location (UCSC)
1074:
1070:
1066:
1045:
1039:
1035:
1031:
1027:
1023:
999:
995:
991:
970:
964:
960:
956:
952:
948:
863:ENSG00000170615
756:
625:
611:plasma membrane
579:
478:
469:
464:
460:
456:
452:
448:
444:
440:
436:
432:
418:
407:
402:
398:
394:
390:
386:
382:
378:
374:
370:
356:
300:
287:
279:
269:
268:
267:
260:
240:
217:Gene location (
199:
186:
178:
168:
167:
166:
159:
137:
114:Gene location (
65:
52:
45:
26:
17:
12:
11:
5:
5788:
5778:
5777:
5772:
5755:
5754:
5746:
5743:
5742:
5739:
5738:
5735:
5734:
5732:
5731:
5726:
5721:
5720:
5719:
5711:
5693:
5687:
5685:
5679:
5678:
5676:
5675:
5674:
5673:
5668:
5658:
5653:
5648:
5643:
5638:
5634:
5628:
5626:
5612:
5611:
5599:
5598:
5595:
5594:
5591:
5590:
5587:
5586:
5584:
5583:
5578:
5573:
5568:
5563:
5558:
5552:
5549:
5548:
5538:
5537:
5534:
5533:
5530:
5529:
5527:
5526:
5520:
5518:
5514:
5513:
5511:
5510:
5509:
5508:
5503:
5492:
5490:
5486:
5485:
5483:
5482:
5481:
5480:
5475:
5464:
5462:
5458:
5457:
5455:
5454:
5453:
5452:
5447:
5442:
5437:
5426:
5424:
5420:
5419:
5417:
5416:
5415:
5414:
5409:
5404:
5399:
5394:
5383:
5381:
5377:
5376:
5374:
5373:
5372:
5371:
5366:
5361:
5350:
5348:
5344:
5343:
5341:
5340:
5339:
5338:
5333:
5328:
5317:
5315:
5311:
5310:
5308:
5307:
5306:
5305:
5300:
5295:
5284:
5282:
5274:
5273:
5263:
5262:
5259:
5258:
5255:
5254:
5252:
5251:
5250:
5249:
5238:
5236:
5232:
5231:
5229:
5228:
5227:
5226:
5221:
5216:
5211:
5206:
5201:
5196:
5191:
5186:
5181:
5176:
5171:
5166:
5161:
5150:
5148:
5144:
5143:
5141:
5140:
5139:
5138:
5133:
5128:
5123:
5118:
5113:
5108:
5097:
5095:
5091:
5090:
5088:
5087:
5086:
5085:
5080:
5075:
5070:
5059:
5057:
5053:
5052:
5050:
5049:
5048:
5047:
5039:
5034:
5029:
5018:
5016:
5012:
5011:
5009:
5008:
5007:
5006:
5001:
4996:
4991:
4984:
4983:
4982:
4977:
4972:
4965:
4964:
4963:
4958:
4951:
4950:
4949:
4944:
4939:
4934:
4927:
4926:
4925:
4920:
4915:
4910:
4905:
4894:
4892:
4888:
4887:
4885:
4884:
4883:
4882:
4877:
4872:
4861:
4859:
4855:
4854:
4852:
4851:
4850:
4849:
4837:
4835:
4831:
4830:
4828:
4827:
4826:
4825:
4814:
4812:
4808:
4807:
4805:
4804:
4803:
4802:
4790:
4788:
4780:
4779:
4769:
4768:
4765:
4764:
4761:
4760:
4758:
4757:
4756:
4755:
4750:
4745:
4740:
4735:
4730:
4725:
4720:
4715:
4710:
4699:
4697:
4693:
4692:
4690:
4689:
4688:
4687:
4682:
4677:
4672:
4661:
4659:
4655:
4654:
4652:
4651:
4650:
4649:
4644:
4629:
4627:
4623:
4622:
4620:
4619:
4618:
4617:
4612:
4607:
4602:
4597:
4592:
4581:
4579:
4575:
4574:
4572:
4571:
4570:
4569:
4564:
4559:
4554:
4549:
4544:
4539:
4534:
4529:
4524:
4519:
4508:
4506:
4502:
4501:
4499:
4498:
4497:
4496:
4491:
4486:
4481:
4476:
4471:
4466:
4461:
4456:
4451:
4446:
4441:
4436:
4431:
4426:
4421:
4416:
4411:
4406:
4401:
4396:
4391:
4386:
4381:
4376:
4371:
4366:
4361:
4356:
4351:
4346:
4341:
4336:
4331:
4326:
4321:
4316:
4311:
4306:
4301:
4296:
4291:
4286:
4281:
4276:
4271:
4260:
4258:
4254:
4253:
4251:
4250:
4249:
4248:
4243:
4238:
4233:
4228:
4223:
4212:
4210:
4206:
4205:
4203:
4202:
4201:
4200:
4195:
4190:
4185:
4174:
4172:
4168:
4167:
4165:
4164:
4163:
4162:
4157:
4152:
4147:
4142:
4137:
4132:
4127:
4122:
4117:
4112:
4107:
4102:
4097:
4092:
4087:
4082:
4077:
4072:
4067:
4056:
4054:
4050:
4049:
4047:
4046:
4045:
4044:
4032:
4031:
4030:
4025:
4018:
4017:
4016:
4009:
4008:
4007:
4002:
3995:
3994:
3993:
3988:
3983:
3978:
3973:
3962:
3960:
3952:
3951:
3941:
3940:
3937:
3936:
3933:
3932:
3930:
3929:
3928:
3927:
3922:
3916:cotransporter
3910:
3908:
3904:
3903:
3901:
3900:
3899:
3898:
3893:
3888:
3872:
3870:
3866:
3865:
3863:
3862:
3861:
3860:
3855:
3850:
3839:
3837:
3833:
3832:
3830:
3829:
3828:
3827:
3822:
3817:
3812:
3807:
3802:
3797:
3792:
3787:
3776:
3774:
3770:
3769:
3767:
3766:
3765:
3764:
3759:
3754:
3749:
3744:
3739:
3734:
3729:
3724:
3719:
3714:
3709:
3704:
3699:
3687:
3685:
3681:
3680:
3678:
3677:
3676:
3675:
3670:
3665:
3660:
3649:
3647:
3643:
3642:
3640:
3639:
3638:
3637:
3632:
3621:
3619:
3615:
3614:
3612:
3611:
3610:
3609:
3604:
3599:
3594:
3589:
3578:
3576:
3572:
3571:
3569:
3568:
3567:
3566:
3561:
3556:
3551:
3546:
3541:
3536:
3531:
3526:
3520:cotransporter
3514:
3512:
3508:
3507:
3505:
3504:
3503:
3502:
3494:
3483:
3481:
3473:
3472:
3462:
3461:
3458:
3457:
3454:
3453:
3451:
3450:
3445:
3440:
3435:
3430:
3429:
3428:
3423:
3418:
3413:
3408:
3403:
3398:
3387:
3385:
3381:
3380:
3378:
3377:
3376:
3375:
3370:
3365:
3360:
3355:
3350:
3345:
3340:
3335:
3330:
3325:
3318:Na/H exchanger
3314:
3312:
3308:
3307:
3305:
3304:
3303:
3302:
3297:
3292:
3281:
3279:
3275:
3274:
3272:
3271:
3270:
3269:
3264:
3259:
3254:
3249:
3244:
3239:
3234:
3229:
3218:
3217:
3216:
3211:
3206:
3201:
3192:
3190:
3186:
3185:
3183:
3182:
3181:
3180:
3175:
3170:
3165:
3160:
3155:
3150:
3145:
3140:
3135:
3130:
3125:
3120:
3115:
3110:
3105:
3100:
3095:
3090:
3085:
3066:
3064:
3060:
3059:
3057:
3056:
3055:
3054:
3049:
3044:
3039:
3034:
3029:
3024:
3019:
3014:
3009:
3004:
2999:
2988:
2986:
2982:
2981:
2979:
2978:
2977:
2976:
2971:
2966:
2961:
2956:
2951:
2946:
2941:
2936:
2931:
2926:
2915:
2913:
2909:
2908:
2906:
2905:
2904:
2903:
2898:
2886:
2884:
2880:
2879:
2877:
2876:
2875:
2874:
2869:
2864:
2859:
2854:
2849:
2844:
2839:
2834:
2829:
2824:
2819:
2814:
2809:
2798:
2796:
2792:
2791:
2789:
2788:
2787:
2786:
2781:
2776:
2771:
2766:
2761:
2756:
2745:
2743:
2735:
2734:
2720:
2719:
2709:
2708:
2700:solute carrier
2685:
2684:
2677:
2670:
2662:
2642:
2641:
2596:
2553:
2516:
2479:
2428:
2393:
2348:
2295:
2265:
2230:
2187:
2167:10.1038/nrm730
2150:
2112:
2110:
2107:
2105:
2104:
2085:
2028:
1974:
1937:(3): 371–376.
1914:
1848:
1802:
1751:
1714:(2): R55–R56.
1690:
1661:(20): 1834–9.
1641:
1592:
1563:(3): 622–635.
1547:
1498:
1481:
1425:
1407:
1389:
1368:
1346:
1344:
1341:
1332:
1329:
1320:
1317:
1301:
1298:
1284:
1281:
1272:
1269:
1208:(OHCs) of the
1201:
1198:
1147:
1146:
1143:
1142:
1137:
1127:
1126:
1120:
1119:
1116:
1115:
1113:
1111:
1104:
1103:
1096:
1089:
1085:
1084:
1081:
1080:
1062:
1061:
1055:
1052:
1051:
1041:
1040:
1014:
1010:
1009:
1006:
1005:
987:
986:
980:
977:
976:
966:
965:
939:
935:
934:
931:
930:
922:
921:
915:
912:
911:
903:
902:
896:
890:
889:
886:
885:
877:
876:
870:
867:
866:
858:
857:
851:
845:
844:
841:
840:
832:
831:
825:
822:
821:
813:
812:
806:
800:
799:
794:
789:
785:
784:
774:
773:
770:
769:
758:
757:
755:
754:
749:
744:
739:
734:
729:
724:
719:
714:
709:
704:
699:
694:
689:
684:
679:
674:
669:
664:
659:
654:
649:
644:
639:
633:
631:
627:
626:
624:
623:
618:
613:
608:
603:
598:
593:
587:
585:
581:
580:
578:
577:
572:
567:
562:
557:
552:
547:
542:
537:
531:
529:
525:
524:
514:
513:
510:
509:
506:
505:
502:
501:
494:
488:
487:
484:
483:
475:
474:
471:
470:
468:
467:
463:
459:
455:
454:primary oocyte
451:
447:
443:
439:
435:
431:
427:
424:
423:
412:
409:
408:
406:
405:
401:
397:
393:
389:
385:
381:
377:
373:
369:
365:
362:
361:
349:
348:
340:
329:
323:
322:
319:RNA expression
311:
310:
307:
306:
298:
294:
293:
285:
282:
277:
271:
270:
261:
254:
248:
244:
243:
238:
232:
231:
223:
222:
210:
209:
206:
205:
197:
193:
192:
184:
181:
176:
170:
169:
160:
153:
147:
143:
142:
135:
129:
128:
120:
119:
107:
106:
63:
59:
58:
50:
42:
41:
37:
36:
33:
32:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5787:
5776:
5773:
5771:
5768:
5767:
5765:
5752:
5751:
5744:
5730:
5727:
5725:
5722:
5718:
5702:
5699:
5698:
5697:
5694:
5692:
5689:
5688:
5686:
5684:
5680:
5672:
5669:
5667:
5664:
5663:
5662:
5659:
5657:
5654:
5652:
5649:
5647:
5644:
5642:
5635:
5633:
5630:
5629:
5627:
5625:
5624:Cotransporter
5621:
5617:
5613:
5609:
5604:
5600:
5582:
5579:
5577:
5574:
5572:
5569:
5567:
5564:
5562:
5559:
5557:
5554:
5553:
5550:
5543:
5539:
5525:
5522:
5521:
5519:
5515:
5507:
5504:
5502:
5499:
5498:
5497:
5494:
5493:
5491:
5487:
5479:
5476:
5474:
5471:
5470:
5469:
5466:
5465:
5463:
5459:
5451:
5448:
5446:
5443:
5441:
5438:
5436:
5433:
5432:
5431:
5428:
5427:
5425:
5421:
5413:
5410:
5408:
5405:
5403:
5400:
5398:
5395:
5393:
5390:
5389:
5388:
5385:
5384:
5382:
5378:
5370:
5367:
5365:
5362:
5360:
5357:
5356:
5355:
5352:
5351:
5349:
5345:
5337:
5334:
5332:
5329:
5327:
5324:
5323:
5322:
5319:
5318:
5316:
5312:
5304:
5301:
5299:
5296:
5294:
5291:
5290:
5289:
5286:
5285:
5283:
5279:
5275:
5268:
5264:
5248:
5245:
5244:
5243:
5240:
5239:
5237:
5233:
5225:
5222:
5220:
5217:
5215:
5212:
5210:
5207:
5205:
5202:
5200:
5197:
5195:
5192:
5190:
5187:
5185:
5182:
5180:
5177:
5175:
5172:
5170:
5167:
5165:
5162:
5160:
5157:
5156:
5155:
5152:
5151:
5149:
5145:
5137:
5134:
5132:
5129:
5127:
5124:
5122:
5119:
5117:
5114:
5112:
5109:
5107:
5104:
5103:
5102:
5099:
5098:
5096:
5092:
5084:
5081:
5079:
5076:
5074:
5071:
5069:
5066:
5065:
5064:
5061:
5060:
5058:
5054:
5046:
5043:
5040:
5038:
5035:
5033:
5030:
5028:
5025:
5024:
5023:
5020:
5019:
5017:
5013:
5005:
5002:
5000:
4997:
4995:
4992:
4990:
4987:
4986:
4985:
4981:
4978:
4976:
4973:
4971:
4968:
4967:
4966:
4962:
4959:
4957:
4954:
4953:
4952:
4948:
4945:
4943:
4940:
4938:
4935:
4933:
4930:
4929:
4928:
4924:
4921:
4919:
4916:
4914:
4911:
4909:
4906:
4904:
4901:
4900:
4899:
4896:
4895:
4893:
4889:
4881:
4878:
4876:
4873:
4871:
4868:
4867:
4866:
4863:
4862:
4860:
4856:
4848:
4845:
4844:
4842:
4839:
4838:
4836:
4832:
4824:
4821:
4820:
4819:
4816:
4815:
4813:
4809:
4801:
4798:
4797:
4795:
4792:
4791:
4789:
4785:
4781:
4774:
4770:
4754:
4751:
4749:
4746:
4744:
4741:
4739:
4736:
4734:
4731:
4729:
4726:
4724:
4721:
4719:
4716:
4714:
4711:
4709:
4706:
4705:
4704:
4701:
4700:
4698:
4694:
4686:
4683:
4681:
4678:
4676:
4673:
4671:
4668:
4667:
4666:
4663:
4662:
4660:
4656:
4648:
4645:
4643:
4640:
4639:
4638:
4634:
4631:
4630:
4628:
4624:
4616:
4613:
4611:
4608:
4606:
4603:
4601:
4598:
4596:
4593:
4591:
4588:
4587:
4586:
4583:
4582:
4580:
4576:
4568:
4565:
4563:
4560:
4558:
4555:
4553:
4550:
4548:
4545:
4543:
4540:
4538:
4535:
4533:
4530:
4528:
4525:
4523:
4520:
4518:
4515:
4514:
4513:
4510:
4509:
4507:
4503:
4495:
4492:
4490:
4487:
4485:
4482:
4480:
4477:
4475:
4472:
4470:
4467:
4465:
4462:
4460:
4457:
4455:
4452:
4450:
4447:
4445:
4442:
4440:
4437:
4435:
4432:
4430:
4427:
4425:
4422:
4420:
4417:
4415:
4412:
4410:
4407:
4405:
4402:
4400:
4397:
4395:
4392:
4390:
4387:
4385:
4382:
4380:
4377:
4375:
4372:
4370:
4367:
4365:
4362:
4360:
4357:
4355:
4352:
4350:
4347:
4345:
4342:
4340:
4337:
4335:
4332:
4330:
4327:
4325:
4322:
4320:
4317:
4315:
4312:
4310:
4307:
4305:
4302:
4300:
4297:
4295:
4292:
4290:
4287:
4285:
4282:
4280:
4277:
4275:
4272:
4270:
4267:
4266:
4265:
4262:
4261:
4259:
4255:
4247:
4244:
4242:
4239:
4237:
4234:
4232:
4229:
4227:
4224:
4222:
4219:
4218:
4217:
4214:
4213:
4211:
4207:
4199:
4196:
4194:
4191:
4189:
4186:
4184:
4181:
4180:
4179:
4176:
4175:
4173:
4169:
4161:
4158:
4156:
4153:
4151:
4148:
4146:
4143:
4141:
4138:
4136:
4133:
4131:
4128:
4126:
4123:
4121:
4118:
4116:
4113:
4111:
4108:
4106:
4103:
4101:
4098:
4096:
4093:
4091:
4088:
4086:
4083:
4081:
4078:
4076:
4073:
4071:
4068:
4066:
4063:
4062:
4061:
4058:
4057:
4055:
4051:
4042:
4038:
4035:
4034:
4033:
4029:
4026:
4024:
4021:
4020:
4019:
4015:
4012:
4011:
4010:
4006:
4003:
4001:
3998:
3997:
3996:
3992:
3989:
3987:
3984:
3982:
3979:
3977:
3974:
3972:
3969:
3968:
3967:
3964:
3963:
3961:
3957:
3953:
3946:
3942:
3926:
3923:
3921:
3918:
3917:
3915:
3912:
3911:
3909:
3905:
3897:
3894:
3892:
3889:
3887:
3884:
3883:
3881:
3877:
3874:
3873:
3871:
3867:
3859:
3856:
3854:
3851:
3849:
3846:
3845:
3844:
3841:
3840:
3838:
3834:
3826:
3823:
3821:
3818:
3816:
3813:
3811:
3808:
3806:
3803:
3801:
3798:
3796:
3793:
3791:
3788:
3786:
3783:
3782:
3781:
3778:
3777:
3775:
3771:
3763:
3760:
3758:
3755:
3753:
3750:
3748:
3745:
3743:
3740:
3738:
3735:
3733:
3730:
3728:
3725:
3723:
3720:
3718:
3715:
3713:
3710:
3708:
3705:
3703:
3700:
3698:
3695:
3694:
3692:
3689:
3688:
3686:
3682:
3674:
3671:
3669:
3666:
3664:
3661:
3659:
3656:
3655:
3654:
3651:
3650:
3648:
3644:
3636:
3633:
3631:
3628:
3627:
3626:
3623:
3622:
3620:
3616:
3608:
3605:
3603:
3600:
3598:
3595:
3593:
3590:
3588:
3585:
3584:
3583:
3580:
3579:
3577:
3573:
3565:
3562:
3560:
3557:
3555:
3552:
3550:
3547:
3545:
3542:
3540:
3537:
3535:
3532:
3530:
3527:
3525:
3522:
3521:
3519:
3516:
3515:
3513:
3509:
3501:
3498:
3495:
3493:
3490:
3489:
3488:
3485:
3484:
3482:
3478:
3474:
3467:
3463:
3449:
3446:
3444:
3441:
3439:
3436:
3434:
3431:
3427:
3424:
3422:
3419:
3417:
3414:
3412:
3409:
3407:
3404:
3402:
3399:
3397:
3394:
3393:
3392:
3389:
3388:
3386:
3382:
3374:
3371:
3369:
3366:
3364:
3361:
3359:
3356:
3354:
3351:
3349:
3346:
3344:
3341:
3339:
3336:
3334:
3331:
3329:
3326:
3324:
3321:
3320:
3319:
3316:
3315:
3313:
3309:
3301:
3298:
3296:
3293:
3291:
3288:
3287:
3286:
3283:
3282:
3280:
3276:
3268:
3265:
3263:
3260:
3258:
3255:
3253:
3250:
3248:
3245:
3243:
3240:
3238:
3235:
3233:
3230:
3228:
3225:
3224:
3223:
3219:
3215:
3212:
3210:
3207:
3205:
3202:
3200:
3197:
3196:
3194:
3193:
3191:
3187:
3179:
3176:
3174:
3171:
3169:
3166:
3164:
3161:
3159:
3156:
3154:
3151:
3149:
3146:
3144:
3141:
3139:
3136:
3134:
3131:
3129:
3126:
3124:
3121:
3119:
3116:
3114:
3111:
3109:
3106:
3104:
3101:
3099:
3096:
3094:
3091:
3089:
3086:
3084:
3081:
3080:
3079:
3075:
3071:
3068:
3067:
3065:
3061:
3053:
3050:
3048:
3045:
3043:
3040:
3038:
3035:
3033:
3030:
3028:
3025:
3023:
3020:
3018:
3015:
3013:
3010:
3008:
3005:
3003:
3000:
2998:
2995:
2994:
2993:
2990:
2989:
2987:
2983:
2975:
2972:
2970:
2967:
2965:
2962:
2960:
2957:
2955:
2952:
2950:
2947:
2945:
2942:
2940:
2937:
2935:
2932:
2930:
2927:
2925:
2922:
2921:
2920:
2917:
2916:
2914:
2910:
2902:
2899:
2897:
2894:
2893:
2892:
2888:
2887:
2885:
2881:
2873:
2870:
2868:
2865:
2863:
2860:
2858:
2855:
2853:
2850:
2848:
2845:
2843:
2840:
2838:
2835:
2833:
2830:
2828:
2825:
2823:
2820:
2818:
2815:
2813:
2810:
2808:
2805:
2804:
2803:
2800:
2799:
2797:
2793:
2785:
2782:
2780:
2777:
2775:
2772:
2770:
2767:
2765:
2762:
2760:
2757:
2755:
2752:
2751:
2750:
2747:
2746:
2744:
2740:
2736:
2729:
2725:
2721:
2714:
2710:
2705:
2701:
2698:
2694:
2690:
2683:
2678:
2676:
2671:
2669:
2664:
2663:
2660:
2656:
2655:
2653:
2652:public domain
2649:
2638:
2634:
2629:
2624:
2619:
2614:
2611:(4): 545–50.
2610:
2606:
2602:
2597:
2593:
2589:
2584:
2579:
2575:
2571:
2567:
2563:
2559:
2554:
2550:
2546:
2542:
2538:
2534:
2530:
2526:
2522:
2521:PflĂĽgers Arch
2517:
2513:
2509:
2505:
2501:
2497:
2493:
2490:(4): 928–38.
2489:
2485:
2480:
2476:
2472:
2467:
2462:
2458:
2454:
2450:
2446:
2443:(2): 1201–8.
2442:
2438:
2434:
2429:
2425:
2421:
2416:
2411:
2407:
2403:
2399:
2394:
2390:
2386:
2382:
2378:
2374:
2370:
2366:
2362:
2358:
2354:
2349:
2345:
2341:
2336:
2331:
2326:
2321:
2317:
2313:
2310:(5): 2901–6.
2309:
2305:
2301:
2296:
2292:
2288:
2284:
2280:
2277:(1): 102–12.
2276:
2272:
2266:
2262:
2258:
2253:
2248:
2244:
2240:
2236:
2231:
2227:
2223:
2218:
2213:
2209:
2205:
2201:
2197:
2193:
2188:
2184:
2180:
2176:
2172:
2168:
2164:
2161:(2): 104–11.
2160:
2156:
2151:
2147:
2143:
2139:
2135:
2131:
2127:
2123:
2119:
2114:
2113:
2095:
2089:
2081:
2077:
2072:
2067:
2063:
2059:
2055:
2051:
2047:
2043:
2039:
2032:
2024:
2020:
2015:
2010:
2005:
2000:
1996:
1992:
1988:
1981:
1979:
1970:
1966:
1961:
1956:
1952:
1948:
1944:
1940:
1936:
1932:
1928:
1921:
1919:
1910:
1906:
1901:
1896:
1892:
1888:
1884:
1880:
1876:
1872:
1868:
1861:
1859:
1857:
1855:
1853:
1844:
1840:
1836:
1832:
1828:
1824:
1820:
1816:
1809:
1807:
1798:
1794:
1790:
1786:
1782:
1778:
1774:
1770:
1766:
1762:
1755:
1747:
1743:
1739:
1735:
1730:
1725:
1721:
1717:
1713:
1709:
1705:
1703:
1694:
1686:
1682:
1677:
1672:
1668:
1664:
1660:
1656:
1652:
1645:
1637:
1633:
1628:
1623:
1619:
1615:
1611:
1607:
1603:
1596:
1588:
1584:
1579:
1574:
1570:
1566:
1562:
1558:
1551:
1543:
1539:
1534:
1529:
1525:
1521:
1517:
1513:
1509:
1502:
1494:
1488:
1486:
1477:
1473:
1469:
1465:
1461:
1457:
1453:
1449:
1445:
1441:
1434:
1432:
1430:
1421:
1417:
1411:
1403:
1399:
1393:
1386:
1382:
1377:
1375:
1373:
1365:
1361:
1356:
1354:
1352:
1347:
1340:
1338:
1328:
1326:
1316:
1314:
1309:
1307:
1297:
1295:
1291:
1280:
1278:
1268:
1266:
1262:
1257:
1255:
1250:
1246:
1242:
1238:
1234:
1230:
1226:
1221:
1219:
1215:
1211:
1207:
1197:
1195:
1191:
1187:
1183:
1180:
1176:
1172:
1171:motor protein
1167:
1165:
1161:
1157:
1153:
1141:
1136:
1132:
1128:
1125:
1121:
1114:
1112:
1109:
1105:
1101:
1097:
1094:
1090:
1086:
1079:
1077:
1073:
1069:
1063:
1059:
1056:
1050:
1048:
1042:
1038:
1034:
1030:
1026:
1022:
1018:
1015:
1011:
1004:
1002:
998:
994:
988:
984:
981:
975:
973:
967:
963:
959:
955:
951:
947:
943:
940:
938:RefSeq (mRNA)
936:
929:
928:
923:
919:
916:
910:
909:
904:
900:
897:
895:
891:
884:
883:
878:
874:
871:
865:
864:
859:
855:
852:
850:
846:
839:
838:
833:
829:
826:
820:
819:
814:
810:
807:
805:
801:
798:
795:
793:
790:
786:
783:
779:
775:
768:
764:
759:
753:
750:
748:
745:
743:
740:
738:
735:
733:
730:
728:
725:
723:
720:
718:
715:
713:
710:
708:
705:
703:
700:
698:
695:
693:
690:
688:
685:
683:
680:
678:
675:
673:
670:
668:
665:
663:
660:
658:
655:
653:
650:
648:
645:
643:
640:
638:
635:
634:
632:
629:
628:
622:
619:
617:
614:
612:
609:
607:
604:
602:
599:
597:
594:
592:
589:
588:
586:
583:
582:
576:
573:
571:
568:
566:
563:
561:
558:
556:
553:
551:
548:
546:
543:
541:
538:
536:
533:
532:
530:
527:
526:
523:
522:Gene ontology
519:
515:
503:
498:
495:
493:
489:
481:
476:
465:
461:
457:
453:
449:
445:
441:
437:
433:
429:
428:
425:
421:
416:
413:
403:
399:
395:
391:
387:
383:
379:
375:
371:
367:
366:
363:
359:
354:
351:
350:
347:
345:
341:
339:
338:
334:
333:
330:
328:
324:
320:
316:
312:
304:
299:
295:
291:
286:
276:
272:
265:
258:
252:
245:
237:
233:
229:
224:
220:
215:
211:
203:
198:
194:
190:
185:
175:
171:
164:
157:
151:
144:
140:
134:
130:
126:
121:
117:
112:
108:
104:
100:
96:
92:
88:
84:
80:
76:
72:
68:
60:
55:
48:
43:
38:
34:
29:
24:
19:
5747:
4843:transporter
4796:transporter
3882:transporter
3693:transporter
3076:- dependent
2645:
2644:
2608:
2604:
2565:
2561:
2527:(1): 34–44.
2524:
2520:
2487:
2484:J. Neurochem
2483:
2440:
2436:
2405:
2401:
2356:
2352:
2307:
2303:
2274:
2270:
2242:
2238:
2199:
2195:
2158:
2154:
2121:
2118:Physiol. Rev
2117:
2088:
2045:
2041:
2031:
1994:
1990:
1934:
1930:
1874:
1870:
1818:
1814:
1764:
1760:
1754:
1711:
1707:
1701:
1693:
1658:
1654:
1644:
1612:(2): 236–9.
1609:
1605:
1595:
1560:
1556:
1550:
1515:
1511:
1501:
1443:
1439:
1419:
1410:
1401:
1392:
1334:
1322:
1310:
1303:
1286:
1274:
1258:
1233:structurally
1222:
1214:echolocation
1203:
1168:
1159:
1151:
1150:
1072:NP_001276717
1068:NP_001276716
1065:
1044:
1025:NP_001308716
1021:NP_001161434
1001:NM_001289788
997:NM_001289787
990:
972:NM_001321787
969:
946:NM_001167962
925:
906:
880:
861:
835:
816:
796:
791:
466:spermatocyte
400:zone of skin
342:
335:
200:103,446,207
187:103,352,730
62:External IDs
18:
4703:zinc efflux
2562:J. Neurosci
1578:11336/79650
404:skin of leg
301:22,070,602
288:22,015,653
40:Identifiers
5764:Categories
5729:Cl-oxalate
5724:Cl-formate
5651:Na/glucose
4841:Acetyl-CoA
2437:Biophys. J
2239:Genome Res
2196:J. Physiol
1708:Curr. Biol
1655:Curr. Biol
1387:, May 2017
1366:, May 2017
1343:References
1337:salicylate
1292:uptake in
450:blastocyst
346:(ortholog)
83:HomoloGene
5748:see also
5620:Symporter
5608:Ion pumps
2628:2437/4636
1300:Discovery
1245:carbonate
1179:mammalian
1076:NP_109652
1047:NP_996768
1037:NP_996767
1033:NP_996766
1029:NP_945350
993:NM_030727
962:NM_206885
958:NM_206884
954:NM_206883
950:NM_198999
782:Orthologs
591:cytoplasm
91:GeneCards
5717:(Band 3)
5701:Na/(Ca-K
5271:SLC41–48
5224:SLC39A14
5219:SLC39A13
5214:SLC39A12
5209:SLC39A11
5204:SLC39A10
5136:SLC38A10
4777:SLC31–40
4753:SLC30A10
4567:SLC26A11
4562:SLC26A10
4494:SLC25A46
4489:SLC25A45
4484:SLC25A44
4479:SLC25A43
4474:SLC25A42
4469:SLC25A41
4464:SLC25A40
4459:SLC25A39
4454:SLC25A38
4449:SLC25A37
4444:SLC25A36
4439:SLC25A35
4434:SLC25A34
4429:SLC25A33
4424:SLC25A32
4419:SLC25A31
4414:SLC25A30
4409:SLC25A29
4404:SLC25A28
4399:SLC25A27
4394:SLC25A26
4389:SLC25A25
4384:SLC25A24
4379:SLC25A23
4374:SLC25A22
4369:SLC25A21
4364:SLC25A20
4359:SLC25A19
4354:SLC25A18
4349:SLC25A17
4344:SLC25A16
4339:SLC25A15
4334:SLC25A14
4329:SLC25A13
4324:SLC25A12
4319:SLC25A11
4314:SLC25A10
4160:SLC22A20
4155:SLC22A19
4150:SLC22A18
4145:SLC22A17
4140:SLC22A16
4135:SLC22A15
4130:SLC22A14
4125:SLC22A13
4120:SLC22A12
4115:SLC22A11
4110:SLC22A10
3949:SLC21–30
3880:thiamine
3762:SLC16A14
3757:SLC16A13
3752:SLC16A12
3747:SLC16A11
3742:SLC16A10
3470:SLC11–20
3074:chloride
2717:By group
2637:17786286
2592:17151276
2549:21570482
2541:15660259
2512:24400032
2504:15140192
2475:14747354
2424:12719379
2381:12239568
2344:11867734
2291:11087667
2271:Genomics
2226:16873410
2175:11836512
2146:30942862
2138:11581495
2080:18658219
2023:21071769
1969:20141749
1909:19383462
1843:23864514
1835:11423665
1789:12239568
1738:20129037
1685:20933423
1636:21655450
1587:16854604
1542:20525072
1468:10821263
1383:–
1362:–
1331:Blockers
1313:patented
1241:chloride
1200:Function
1124:Wikidata
761:Sources:
606:membrane
458:epiblast
446:yolk sac
368:testicle
5632:Na/K,Cl
5546:SLCO1–4
5506:SLC47A2
5501:SLC47A1
5478:SLC46A2
5473:SLC46A1
5450:SLC45A4
5445:SLC54A3
5440:SLC45A2
5435:SLC45A1
5412:SLC44A5
5407:SLC44A4
5402:SLC44A3
5397:SLC44A2
5392:SLC44A1
5369:SLC43A3
5364:SLC43A2
5359:SLC43A1
5303:SLC41A3
5298:SLC41A2
5293:SLC41A1
5247:SLC40A1
5199:SLC39A9
5194:SLC39A8
5189:SLC39A7
5184:SLC39A6
5179:SLC39A5
5174:SLC39A4
5169:SLC39A3
5164:SLC39A2
5159:SLC39A1
5131:SLC38A6
5126:SLC38A5
5121:SLC38A4
5116:SLC38A3
5111:SLC38A2
5106:SLC38A1
5083:SLC37A4
5078:SLC37A3
5073:SLC37A2
5068:SLC37A1
5042:SLC36A4
5037:SLC36A3
5032:SLC36A2
5027:SLC36A1
5004:SLC35E4
4999:SLC35E3
4994:SLC35E2
4989:SLC35E1
4980:SLC35D3
4975:SLC35D2
4970:SLC35D1
4961:SLC35C2
4956:SLC35C1
4947:SLC35B4
4942:SLC35B3
4937:SLC35B2
4932:SLC35B1
4923:SLC35A5
4918:SLC35A4
4913:SLC35A3
4908:SLC35A2
4903:SLC35A1
4880:SLC34A3
4875:SLC34A2
4870:SLC34A1
4847:SLC33A1
4823:SLC32A1
4800:SLC31A1
4748:SLC30A9
4743:SLC30A8
4738:SLC30A7
4733:SLC30A6
4728:SLC30A5
4723:SLC30A4
4718:SLC30A3
4713:SLC30A2
4708:SLC30A1
4685:SLC29A4
4680:SLC29A3
4675:SLC29A2
4670:SLC29A1
4647:SLC28A3
4642:SLC28A2
4637:SLC28A1
4615:SLC27A6
4610:SLC27A5
4605:SLC27A4
4600:SLC27A3
4595:SLC27A2
4590:SLC27A1
4557:SLC26A9
4552:SLC26A8
4547:SLC26A7
4542:SLC26A6
4537:SLC26A5
4532:SLC26A4
4527:SLC26A3
4522:SLC26A2
4517:SLC26A1
4309:SLC25A9
4304:SLC25A8
4299:SLC25A7
4294:SLC25A6
4289:SLC25A5
4284:SLC25A4
4279:SLC25A3
4274:SLC25A2
4269:SLC25A1
4246:SLC24A6
4241:SLC24A5
4236:SLC24A4
4231:SLC24A3
4226:SLC24A2
4221:SLC24A1
4198:SLC23A4
4193:SLC23A3
4188:SLC23A2
4183:SLC23A1
4105:SLC22A9
4100:SLC22A8
4095:SLC22A7
4090:SLC22A6
4085:SLC22A5
4080:SLC22A4
4075:SLC22A3
4070:SLC22A2
4065:SLC22A1
4041:SLCO6A1
4037:SLCO5A1
4028:SLCO4C1
4023:SLCO4A1
4014:SLCO3A1
4005:SLCO2B1
4000:SLCO2A1
3991:SLCO1C1
3986:SLCO1B4
3981:SLCO1B3
3976:SLCO1B1
3971:SLCO1A2
3925:SLC20A2
3920:SLC20A1
3896:SLC19A3
3891:SLC19A2
3886:SLC19A1
3858:SLC18A3
3853:SLC18A2
3848:SLC18A1
3825:SLC17A9
3820:SLC17A8
3815:SLC17A7
3810:SLC17A6
3805:SLC17A5
3800:SLC17A4
3795:SLC17A3
3790:SLC17A2
3785:SLC17A1
3737:SLC16A9
3732:SLC16A8
3727:SLC16A7
3722:SLC16A6
3717:SLC16A5
3712:SLC16A4
3707:SLC16A3
3702:SLC16A2
3697:SLC16A1
3673:SLC15A4
3668:SLC15A3
3663:SLC15A2
3658:SLC15A1
3635:SLC14A2
3630:SLC14A1
3607:SLC13A5
3602:SLC13A4
3597:SLC13A3
3592:SLC13A2
3587:SLC13A1
3564:SLC12A9
3559:SLC12A8
3554:SLC12A7
3549:SLC12A6
3544:SLC12A5
3539:SLC12A4
3534:SLC12A3
3529:SLC12A2
3524:SLC12A1
3497:SLC11A2
3492:SLC11A1
3426:SLC10A7
3421:SLC10A6
3416:SLC10A5
3411:SLC10A4
3406:SLC10A3
3401:SLC10A2
3396:SLC10A1
3373:SLC9A11
3368:SLC9A10
3267:SLC7A14
3262:SLC7A13
3257:SLC7A11
3252:SLC7A10
3178:SLC6A20
3173:SLC6A19
3168:SLC6A18
3163:SLC6A17
3158:SLC6A16
3153:SLC6A15
3148:SLC6A14
3143:SLC6A13
3138:SLC6A12
3133:SLC6A11
3128:SLC6A10
2732:SLC1–10
2583:2675645
2466:1303912
2445:Bibcode
2389:4412381
2361:Bibcode
2312:Bibcode
2261:9847074
2217:1995634
2183:7333228
2071:2567960
2050:Bibcode
2014:3023524
1960:2814207
1939:Bibcode
1900:2718310
1879:Bibcode
1815:Science
1797:4412381
1769:Bibcode
1746:7367035
1716:Bibcode
1702:Prestin
1663:Bibcode
1627:3104589
1533:2925464
1476:4409772
1448:Bibcode
1385:Ensembl
1364:Ensembl
1290:formate
1210:cochlea
1182:cochlea
1173:of the
1160:SLC26A5
1156:protein
1152:Prestin
894:UniProt
849:Ensembl
788:Species
767:QuickGO
677:hearing
321:pattern
95:SLC26A5
79:1933154
54:SLC26A5
47:Aliases
31:SLC26A5
4794:copper
3876:folate
3363:SLC9A9
3358:SLC9A8
3353:SLC9A7
3348:SLC9A6
3343:SLC9A5
3338:SLC9A4
3333:SLC9A3
3328:SLC9A2
3323:SLC9A1
3300:SLC8A3
3295:SLC8A2
3290:SLC8A1
3247:SLC7A9
3242:SLC7A8
3237:SLC7A7
3232:SLC7A6
3227:SLC7A5
3214:SLC7A4
3209:SLC7A3
3204:SLC7A2
3199:SLC7A1
3123:SLC6A9
3118:SLC6A8
3113:SLC6A7
3108:SLC6A6
3103:SLC6A5
3098:SLC6A4
3093:SLC6A3
3088:SLC6A2
3083:SLC6A1
3072:- and
3070:sodium
2997:SLC5A1
2924:SLC4A1
2896:SLC3A1
2807:SLC2A1
2754:SLC1A1
2635:
2590:
2580:
2547:
2539:
2510:
2502:
2473:
2463:
2422:
2387:
2379:
2353:Nature
2342:
2335:122445
2332:
2289:
2259:
2224:
2214:
2181:
2173:
2144:
2136:
2100:
2078:
2068:
2021:
2011:
1967:
1957:
1907:
1897:
1841:
1833:
1795:
1787:
1761:Nature
1744:
1736:
1683:
1634:
1624:
1585:
1540:
1530:
1474:
1466:
1440:Nature
1306:presto
1249:anions
1110:search
1108:PubMed
927:Q99NH7
908:P58743
818:375611
804:Entrez
492:BioGPS
442:morula
438:embryo
430:zygote
179:7q22.1
71:604943
5696:Na/Ca
5646:Na/Cl
5517:(48):
5489:(47):
5461:(46):
5423:(45):
5380:(44):
5347:(43):
5314:(42):
5281:(41):
5235:(40):
5147:(39):
5094:(38):
5056:(37):
5015:(36):
4891:(35):
4858:(34):
4834:(33):
4811:(32):
4787:(31):
4696:(30):
4658:(29):
4626:(28):
4578:(27):
4505:(26):
4257:(25):
4209:(24):
4171:(23):
4053:(22):
3959:(21):
3907:(20):
3869:(19):
3836:(18):
3773:(17):
3684:(16):
3646:(15):
3618:(14):
3575:(13):
3511:(12):
3480:(11):
3384:(10):
2704:TC 2A
2545:S2CID
2508:S2CID
2385:S2CID
2179:S2CID
2142:S2CID
1839:S2CID
1793:S2CID
1742:S2CID
1472:S2CID
1154:is a
837:80979
797:Mouse
792:Human
763:Amigo
384:gonad
344:Mouse
337:Human
284:Start
219:Mouse
183:Start
116:Human
87:69472
5703:) -
5691:Na/H
5661:Cl/K
5656:Na/I
5637:Na/P
5581:O4A1
5576:O431
5571:O2B1
5566:O1B3
5561:O1B1
5556:O1A2
5336:RhCG
5331:RhBG
5326:RhAG
5045:36A2
3500:11A3
3448:10A7
3443:10A3
3438:10A2
3433:10A1
3311:(9):
3278:(8):
3189:(7):
3063:(6):
2985:(5):
2912:(4):
2883:(3):
2795:(2):
2742:(1):
2633:PMID
2588:PMID
2537:PMID
2500:PMID
2471:PMID
2420:PMID
2377:PMID
2340:PMID
2287:PMID
2257:PMID
2222:PMID
2171:PMID
2134:PMID
2076:PMID
2019:PMID
1965:PMID
1905:PMID
1831:PMID
1785:PMID
1734:PMID
1681:PMID
1632:PMID
1583:PMID
1538:PMID
1464:PMID
1243:and
1164:gene
327:Bgee
275:Band
236:Chr.
174:Band
133:Chr.
67:OMIM
5707:HCO
5705:Cl/
2623:hdl
2613:doi
2578:PMC
2570:doi
2529:doi
2525:450
2492:doi
2461:PMC
2453:doi
2410:doi
2369:doi
2357:419
2330:PMC
2320:doi
2279:doi
2247:doi
2212:PMC
2204:doi
2200:576
2163:doi
2126:doi
2066:PMC
2058:doi
2009:PMC
1999:doi
1995:286
1955:PMC
1947:doi
1895:PMC
1887:doi
1823:doi
1819:292
1777:doi
1765:419
1724:doi
1671:doi
1622:PMC
1614:doi
1573:hdl
1565:doi
1528:PMC
1520:doi
1456:doi
1444:405
1239:of
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