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viscosity as an additive. Water-resistant, soluble in some organic solvents; cross-linking improves solvent resistance. Resins associating with endblocks (cumarone-indene, α-methyl styrene, vinyl toluene, aromatic hydrocarbons, etc.) improve adhesion and alter viscosity. Resins associating to the midblocks (aliphatic olefins, rosin esters, polyterpenes, terpene phenolics) improve adhesion, processing and pressure-sensitive properties. Addition of plasticizers reduces cost, improves pressure-sensitive tack, decrease melt viscosity, decrease hardness, and improves low-temperature flexibility. The A-B-A structure promotes a phase separation of the polymer, binding together the endblocks, with the central elastic parts acting as cross-links; SBCs do not require additional cross-linking.
20:
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the performance on its intended use: Heat can soften an adhesive, reducing its shear holding ability. Cold temperatures can also contribute to premature release. Most PSA and tape test methods are conducted at 23 (°C) and 50% relative humidity but it is common to also conduct testing at other temperatures (and lighter rub-down pressures) to better match PSA performance with requirements of end users.
330:
The properties of pressure sensitive adhesives can be strongly affected by temperature. The tack or ‘’quick stick’’ characteristics are critical for the initial bonding to the intended substrate; cool temperatures can make a PSA too firm, losing its tack. Once applied, temperature affects
184:
duct work, automotive interior trim assembly, and sound/vibration damping films. Some high performance permanent PSAs exhibit high adhesion values and can support kilograms of weight per square centimeter of contact area, even at elevated temperature. These build adhesion to a permanent bond after
306:
applications, where the composition retains tack even when solidified; however non-pressure-sensitive formulations are also used. They usually have A-B-A structure, with an elastic rubber segment between two rigid plastic endblocks. High-strength film formers as standalone, increase cohesion and
146:
In contrast with structural adhesives, whose strength is evaluated as lap shear strength, pressure-sensitive adhesives are characterized by their shear and peel resistance as well as their initial tack. These properties are dependent, among other things, on the formulation, coating thickness,
154:" pressure-sensitive adhesives are initially pressure-sensitive and removable (for example to recover mislabeled goods) but after hours or days change their properties, by becoming less or not viscous, or by increasing the bond strength, so that the bond becomes permanent.
83:
PSAs are usually designed to form a bond and hold properly at room temperatures. PSAs typically reduce or lose their tack at low temperatures and reduce their shear holding ability at high temperatures; special adhesives are made to function at high or low temperatures.
255:
polymers that are coated and then reacted with radiation to increase molecular weight and form the adhesive (radiation cured PSA); or they may be high-viscosity materials that are heated to reduce viscosity enough to allow coating, and then cooled to their final form
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Sometimes clean removal of pressure sensitive tape can be difficult without damaging the substrate that it is adhered to. Pulling at a slow rate and with a low angle of peel helps reduce surface damage. PSA residue can be softened with certain organic
522:
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Removable adhesives are designed to form a temporary bond, and ideally can be removed after months or years without leaving residue on the adherend. Removable adhesives are used in applications such as surface protection films,
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Pressure-sensitive adhesives are manufactured with either a liquid carrier or in 100% solid form. Articles such as tapes and labels are made from liquid PSAs by coating the adhesive on a support and evaporating the
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The adhesive bonding of a tape or label can be affected by its shape. Tapes with pointed corners start to detach at those corners; adhesive strength can be improved by rounding the corners.
302:(SBC), also called styrene copolymer adhesives and rubber-based adhesives, have good low-temperature flexibility, high elongation, and high heat resistance. They are frequently used in
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Pressure-sensitive adhesives are designed for either permanent or removable applications. Examples of permanent applications include safety labels for power equipment, foil tape for
92:
Adhesives may be broadly divided in two classes: structural and pressure-sensitive. To form a permanent bond, structural adhesives harden via processes such as
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Pressure-sensitive adhesives are designed with a balance between flow and resistance to flow. The bond forms because the adhesive is soft enough to flow, or
73:
As the name "pressure-sensitive" indicates, the degree of bond is influenced by the amount of pressure which is used to apply the adhesive to the surface.
116:). In contrast, pressure-sensitive adhesives (PSAs) form a bond simply by the application of light pressure to marry the adhesive with the adherend.
210:, etc.). Some removable adhesives are designed to repeatedly stick and unstick. They have low adhesion and generally cannot support much weight.
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is applied to bond the adhesive with a surface. No solvent, water, or heat is needed to activate the adhesive. It is used in
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is applied to the bond. Once the adhesive and the adherend are in proximity, there are also molecular interactions such as
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Adhesive formulators often use the more fundamental temperature characteristics using the advanced methods such as
318:-styrene (SEBS) in low self-adhering non-woven applications, and styrene-ethylene/propylene (SEP) and styrene-
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335:
269:
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Permeability
Properties of Plastics and Elastomers, 2nd Ed.: A Guide to Packaging and Barrier Materials
202:, price marking labels, promotional graphics materials, and for skin contact (wound care dressings,
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or water carrier, usually in a hot air dryer. The dry adhesive may be further heated to initiate a
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involved in the bond, which contribute significantly to the ultimate bond strength. PSAs exhibit
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51:
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123:, the adherend. The bond has strength because the adhesive is hard enough to resist flow when
592:"PSA performances and viscoelastic properties of SIS-based PSA blends with H-DCPD tackifiers"
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442:"Strength of adhesive contacts: Influence of contact geometry and material gradients"
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293:, which can have sufficient tack on their own and do not require a tackifier.
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520:, Smith, "SELF. CONTAINING TAMPER EVIDENT SEAL", published 1998
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314:-styrene (SBS) is used in high-strength PSA applications, styrene-ethylene/
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195:
174:
132:
384:
93:
67:
624:"Pressure-Sensitive Adhesives and Applications", Istvan Benedek, 2004,
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80:, removal of contaminants, etc. are also important to proper bonding.
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322:-styrene (SIS) are used in low-viscosity high-tack PSA applications.
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422: – Ability of a liquid to maintain contact with a solid surface
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reaction and increase molecular weight. 100% solid PSAs may be low
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634:"Pressure Sensitive Adhesive Tapes", J. Johnston, PSTC, 2003,
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Stickers on a laptop, applied with pressure-sensitive adhesive
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100:(for example, white glue), reaction with UV radiation (as in
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pads, automobile trim, and a wide variety of other products.
55:
181:
440:
Popov, Valentin L.; Pohrt, Roman; Li, Qiang (2017-09-01).
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phase; thus it is useful for removing many types of PSAs.
644:"Pressure Sensitive Formulation", I. Benedek, VSP, 2000,
143:) properties, both of which are used for proper bonding.
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Adhesives Age, Water Borne
Acrylic, Pierson, Aug 1990
657:
480:
342:. Of particular importance is identifying the '
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484:Science friction: Adhesion of complex shapes
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88:Structural and pressure-sensitive adhesives
569:. Springer Science & Business Media.
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566:Physical Properties of Polymers Handbook
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18:
658:
516:
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76:Surface factors such as smoothness,
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289:). The elastomers can be based on
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13:
617:
596:Journal of Applied Polymer Science
536:Liesl K. Massey (1 January 2003).
14:
682:
542:. William Andrew. pp. 582–.
340:differential scanning calorimetry
563:Mark, James E. (21 March 2007).
491:from the original on 2021-12-14
481:Friction Physics (2017-12-06),
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1:
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344:glass-transition temperature’
274:PSAs are usually based on an
16:Type of non reactive adhesive
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375:Dynamic mechanical analysis
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336:dynamic mechanical analysis
278:compounded with a suitable
270:Chemistry of adhesive tapes
206:electrodes, athletic tape,
42:) is a type of nonreactive
28:Pressure-sensitive adhesive
10:
687:
326:Temperature considerations
267:
188:
147:rub-down and temperature.
579:– via Google Books.
459:10.1007/s40544-017-0177-3
230:materials to change to a
415:Pressure-sensitive paper
208:transdermal drug patches
52:pressure-sensitive tapes
46:which forms a bond when
590:Lim, Dong-Hyuk (2006),
218:or heat. Extreme cold (
185:several hours or days.
390:List of adhesive tapes
177:
24:
173:
112:), or cooling (as in
22:
226:, etc.) can cause
129:van der Waals forces
405:Self-adhesive stamp
40:self-stick adhesive
178:
108:(such as two part
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549:978-0-8155-1851-8
370:Contact mechanics
304:hot melt adhesive
106:chemical reaction
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360:Adhesive remover
300:block copolymers
158:Effects of shape
102:dental adhesives
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410:Viscoelasticity
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245:organic solvent
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198:, bookmark and
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602:(3): 2839–2846
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268:Main article:
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78:surface energy
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650:90-6764-330-0
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196:masking tapes
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175:Post-it notes
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36:self-adhesive
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604:, retrieved
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493:, retrieved
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395:Post-it note
343:
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329:
309:
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273:
258:hot melt PSA
241:
228:viscoelastic
224:freeze spray
212:
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166:Applications
161:
151:
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133:viscoelastic
118:
91:
82:
75:
72:
39:
35:
31:
27:
26:
518:US5,798,169
385:Gaffer tape
264:Composition
238:Manufacture
200:note papers
94:evaporation
68:sticky note
671:Stationery
660:Categories
495:2018-01-02
427:References
260:, HMPSA).
666:Adhesives
468:2223-7690
380:Glue dots
312:butadiene
282:(e.g., a
280:tackifier
276:elastomer
253:viscosity
152:Permanent
60:glue dots
606:27 June
489:archived
446:Friction
400:Rheology
365:Blu-Tack
354:See also
320:isoprene
316:butylene
310:Styrene-
291:acrylics
216:solvents
114:hot melt
64:stickers
48:pressure
44:adhesive
420:Wetting
346:, ‘’T’'
297:Styrene
220:dry ice
189:Removal
141:elastic
137:viscous
98:solvent
648:
638:
628:
573:
546:
524:
466:
125:stress
56:labels
287:ester
284:rosin
232:glass
110:epoxy
646:ISBN
636:ISBN
626:ISBN
608:2023
571:ISBN
544:ISBN
464:ISSN
338:and
182:HVAC
139:and
600:103
454:doi
204:EKG
121:wet
104:),
96:of
32:PSA
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598:,
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470:.
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