George Washington - Knowledge

1300: 2094: 4651: 2950: 1850: 2779: 2126: 3635: 4318: 21662: 55: 5011: 21655: 4378: 2647:. In mid-1779, in response to this and other attacks on New England towns, Washington ordered General John Sullivan to lead an expedition to force the Iroquois out of New York by effecting "the total destruction and devastation" of their villages and taking their women and children hostage. The expedition systematically destroyed Iroquois villages and food stocks, and forced at least 5,036 Iroquois to flee to British Canada. The campaign directly killed a few hundred Iroquois, but according to historian Rhiannon Koehler, the net effect was to reduce the Iroquois by half. They became unable to survive the harsh winter of 1779–1780; some historians now describe the campaign as a genocide. 2403: 24641: 3626: 1073: 2110: 4099:

must always exalt the just pride of patriotism". Washington called for men to move beyond partisanship for the common good, stressing that the United States must concentrate on its own interests. He warned against foreign alliances and their influence in domestic affairs, and bitter partisanship and the dangers of political parties. He counseled friendship and commerce with all nations, but advised against involvement in European wars. He stressed the importance of religion, asserting that "religion and morality are indispensable supports" in a republic. Washington's address favored Hamilton's Federalist ideology and economic policies.

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gave better blankets and clothing to the "most deserving", and motivated his slaves with cash rewards. He believed "watchfulness and admonition" were better deterrents against transgressions but would punish those who "will not do their duty by fair means". Punishment ranged in severity from demotion back to fieldwork, through whipping and beatings, to permanent separation from friends and family by sale. Historian Ron Chernow maintains that overseers were required to warn slaves before resorting to the lash and required Washington's written permission before whipping, though his extended absences did not always permit this.

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provisional army, but avoided involvement in details. In advising McHenry of potential officers for the army, he appeared to make a complete break with Jefferson's Democratic-Republicans: "you could as soon scrub the blackamoor white, as to change the principles of a profest Democrat; and that he will leave nothing unattempted to overturn the government of this country." Washington delegated the active leadership of the army to Hamilton, a major general. No army invaded the United States during this period, and Washington did not assume a field command.

3093: 24801: 16846: 1378: 4996: 622: 4456: 4811:, in 1794. Washington instructed Lear to find buyers for his land in western Virginia, explaining in a private coda that he was doing so "to liberate a certain species of property which I possess, very repugnantly to my own feelings". The plan, along with others Washington considered in 1795 and 1796, could not be realized because he failed to find buyers for his land, his reluctance to break up slave families, and the refusal of the Custis heirs to help prevent such separations by freeing their dower slaves at the same time. 2417: 3960: 5134: 26095: 4780:, he made clear his desire "to get quit of Negroes" when discussing the exchange of slaves for the land he wanted to buy. The next year, Washington stated his intention not to separate enslaved families as a result of "a change of masters". During the 1780s, Washington privately expressed his support for gradual emancipation. In the 1780s, he gave moral support to a plan proposed by Lafayette to purchase land and free slaves to work on it, but declined to participate in the experiment. 3860: 24188: 26071: 24985: 19401: 18524: 4680:

with the institution was spurred by the principles of the Revolution and revolutionary friends such as Lafayette and Hamilton. Most historians agree the Revolution was central to the evolution of Washington's attitudes on slavery; "After 1783," Kenneth Morgan writes, "... began to express inner tensions about the problem of slavery more frequently, though always in private". Regardless, Washington would remain dependent on slave labor to work his farms.

4287:. Word of his death traveled slowly, but as it reached other regions of the nation, church bells rang in the cities and many businesses closed. Memorial processions were held in major cities of the United States. Martha wore a black mourning cape for one year, and she burned her correspondence with Washington to protect its privacy, though five letters between the couple are known to have survived: two from Martha to George and three from him to her. 5161: 26083: 2202:, with 40 men per vessel. The wind churned up the waters, and they were pelted with hail, but by 3:00 a.m. on December 26, they made it across with no losses. Knox was delayed, managing frightened horses and about 18 field guns on flat-bottomed ferries. Cadwalader and Ewing failed to cross due to the ice and heavy currents. Once Knox arrived, Washington proceeded to Trenton, rather than risk being spotted returning his army to Pennsylvania. 26157: 19411: 26140: 3693: 16778: 3126:, after which the militia fired a 13-gun salute. Washington read a speech in the Senate Chamber, asking "that Almighty Being ... consecrate the liberties and happiness of the people of the United States". Though he wished to serve without a salary, Congress insisted that he accept it, later providing Washington $ 25,000 per year to defray costs of the presidency, equivalent to $ 6.39 million today. Washington wrote to 3130:: "As the first of everything in our situation will serve to establish a precedent, it is devoutly wished on my part that these precedents be fixed on true principles." To that end, he preferred the title "Mr. President" over more majestic names proposed by the Senate, including "His Excellency" and "His Highness the President". His executive precedents included the inaugural address, messages to Congress, and the 2912:

survives to this day—although his financial situation was not strong. Creditors paid him in depreciated wartime currency, and he owed significant amounts in taxes and wages. Mount Vernon had made no profit during his absence, and he saw persistently poor crop yields due to pestilence and poor weather. His estate recorded its eleventh year running at a deficit in 1787, and there was little prospect of improvement.

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idea of banks and foreign loans. To Washington's dismay, the two men persistently entered into disputes and infighting. Hamilton demanded that Jefferson resign if he could not support Washington, and Jefferson told Washington that Hamilton's fiscal system would lead to the overthrow of the republic. Washington urged them to call a truce for the sake of the nation, but they ignored him.

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system would lead to political violence, and he conducted a smooth transition of power to his successor. He remained non-partisan throughout his presidency (the only United States president to do so), and opposed the divisiveness of political parties, but he favored a strong central government, was sympathetic to a Federalist form of government, and leery of the Republican opposition.

2063:, inflicting high casualties on the Americans. Washington was responsible for delaying the retreat, though he blamed Congress and General Greene. Loyalists in New York City considered Howe a liberator and spread a rumor that Washington had set fire to the city. Patriot morale reached its lowest when Lee was captured. Now reduced to 5,400 troops, Washington's army retreated through 5479:, William Gardner Bell states that Washington was recalled to military service from his retirement in 1798, and "Congress passed legislation that would have made him General of the Armies of the United States, but his services were not required in the field, and the appointment was not made until the Bicentennial in 1976 when it was bestowed posthumously as a commemorative honor." 2799:, a planned munity by American officers; Congress promised each a five-year bonus. Washington submitted an account of $ 450,000 in expenses which he had advanced to the army, equivalent to $ 9.53 million in 2023. The account was settled, though it was allegedly vague about large sums and included expenses his wife had incurred through visits to his headquarters. 26059: 1275:, but the French refused to leave. Saint-Pierre gave Washington his official answer after a few days' delay, as well as food and winter clothing for his party's journey back to Virginia. Washington completed the precarious mission in 77 days, in difficult winter conditions, achieving a measure of distinction when his report was published in Virginia and London. 1891:'s suggested reforms: drilling the soldiers and imposing strict discipline. Washington ordered his officers to identify the skills of recruits to ensure military effectiveness, while removing incompetent officers. He petitioned Gage, his former superior, to release captured Patriot officers from prison and treat them humanely. In October 1775, King 2206:

Ferry Road, led by Washington, and General Sullivan's column advanced on River Road. The Americans marched in sleet and snowfall. Many were shoeless with bloodied feet, and two died of exposure. At sunrise, Washington, aided by Colonel Knox and artillery, led his men in a surprise attack on the unsuspecting Hessians and their commander, Colonel

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Princeton were pivotal; they revived Patriot morale and quashed the British strategy of showing overwhelming force followed by offering generous terms, changing the course of the war. In February 1777, word of the American victories reached London, and the British realized the Patriots were in a position to demand unconditional independence.

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confiscation of tribal land or the forcible removal of tribes and that he berated American settlers who abused natives, admitting that he held out no hope for peaceful relations as long as "frontier settlers entertain the opinion that there is not the same crime (or indeed no crime at all) in killing a native as in killing a white man."

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transportation out of Virginia. The provision also provided that old and young freed people be taken care of indefinitely; younger ones were to be taught to read and write and placed in suitable occupations. Washington emancipated 123 slaves, one of the few large slave-holding Virginians during the Revolutionary Era to do so.

17859: 1969:, a Loyalist stronghold, and retaliate. He arrived there on April 13, 1776, and ordered the construction of fortifications to thwart the expected British attack. He also ordered his occupying forces to treat civilians and their property with respect, to avoid the abuses Bostonians suffered at the hands of British troops. 2732:". Washington was in command of an army of 7,800 Frenchmen, 3,100 militia, and 8,000 Continentals. Inexperienced in siege warfare, he often deferred to the judgment of General Rochambeau and relied on his advice. Despite this, Rochambeau never challenged Washington's authority as the battle's commanding officer. 1769:, mainly because of his military experience and the belief that a Virginian would better unite the colonies. He was unanimously elected by Congress the next day. Washington appeared before Congress in uniform and gave an acceptance speech on June 16, declining a salary, though he was later reimbursed expenses. 1823:, which promised freedom to slaves if they joined the British. Desperate for manpower by late 1777, Washington relented and overturned his ban. By the end of the war, around one-tenth of Washington's army were blacks. Following the British surrender, Washington sought to enforce terms of the preliminary 4934:

biography to honor Washington. Historian Ron Chernow maintains that Weems attempted to humanize Washington, making him look less stern, and to inspire "patriotism and morality" and to foster "enduring myths", such as Washington's refusal to lie about damaging his father's cherry tree. Weems' accounts

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On January 1, 1801, one year after George Washington's death, Martha Washington signed an order to free his slaves. Many of them, having never strayed far from Mount Vernon, were reluctant to leave; others refused to abandon spouses or children still held as dower slaves by the Custis estate and also

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in 1785 but declined to sign their petition. In personal correspondence the next year, he made clear his desire to see the institution of slavery ended by a gradual legislative process, a view that correlated with the mainstream antislavery literature published in the 1780s that Washington possessed.

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During his presidency, Washington brought several of his slaves to the federal capital. When the capital moved from New York City to Philadelphia in 1791, the president began rotating his slave household staff periodically between the capital and Mount Vernon. This was done deliberately to circumvent

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celebrations in the Army. He engaged workers at Mount Vernon without regard for religious belief or affiliation. While president, he acknowledged major religious sects and gave speeches on religious toleration. He was distinctly rooted in the ideas, values, and modes of thinking of the Enlightenment,

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Washington was buried in the Washington family vault at Mount Vernon. At the time of his death, his estate was worth an estimated $ 780,000 in 1799, equivalent to $ 14.29 million in 2023. Washington's peak net worth was $ 587 million, including 300 slaves. Washington held title to more than

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offering to organize President Adams' army. Adams nominated him for a lieutenant general commission on July 4, 1798, and the position of commander-in-chief of the armies. Washington served as the commanding general from July 13, 1798, until his death 17 months later. He participated in planning for a

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they may tend. I shall also carry with me the hope that my country will never cease to view them with indulgence, and that, after forty-five years of my life dedicated to its service with an upright zeal, the faults of incompetent abilities will be consigned to oblivion, as myself must soon be to the

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Washington initially planned to retire after his first term, weary of office and in poor health. After dealing with the infighting in his own cabinet and with partisan critics, he showed little enthusiasm for a second term, while Martha also wanted him not to run. Washington's nephew George Augustine

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insisted the federal government was going beyond its constitutional authority. Hamilton argued the government could charter the bank under the implied powers granted by the constitution. Washington sided with Hamilton and signed the bank legislation on February 25, 1791. The rift between Hamilton and

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After repeated requests, Washington agreed to give Arnold command of West Point in August. On September 21, Arnold met André and gave him plans to take over the garrison. While returning to British lines, André was captured by militia who discovered the plans; upon hearing the news of André's capture

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and Lafayette moved with 4,000 men, without Washington's knowledge, and bungled their first attack on June 28. Washington relieved Lee and achieved a draw after an expansive battle. At nightfall, the British continued their retreat to New York, and Washington moved his army outside the city. Monmouth

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The growth of the nation demanded the dispossession of Indian people. Washington hoped the process could be bloodless and that Indian people would give up their lands for a "fair" price and move away. But if Indians refused and resisted, as they often did, he felt he had no choice but to "extirpate"

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describes Washington as always trying to be even-handed in dealing with the Natives. He states that Washington hoped they would abandon their itinerant hunting life and adapt to fixed agricultural communities in the manner of white settlers. He also maintains that Washington never advocated outright

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but harbored no ill feelings toward them. Some enslaved families worked at different locations on the plantation but were allowed to visit one another on their days off. Washington's slaves received two hours off for meals during the workday and were given time off on Sundays and religious holidays.

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On December 12, 1799, Washington inspected his farms on horseback. He returned home late and had guests for dinner, sitting down for the meal without changing his damp clothes from the inclement weather of the day. He had a sore throat the next day but was well enough to mark trees for cutting. That

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Many, however, urged him to run for a second term. Madison told him that his absence would only allow the dangerous political rift in his cabinet and the House to worsen. Jefferson also pleaded with him not to retire, agreeing to drop his attacks on Hamilton, and stating that he would also retire if

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Washington declared that "the Government of the United States are determined that their Administration of Indian Affairs shall be directed entirely by the great principles of Justice and humanity", and provided that treaties should negotiate their land interests. The administration regarded powerful

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acted as Washington's negotiator and signed the treaty on November 19, 1794; critical Jeffersonians, however, supported France. Washington deliberated, then supported the treaty because it avoided war with Britain, but was disappointed that its provisions favored Britain. He mobilized public opinion

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Washington's cabinet members formed rival parties with sharply opposing views, most fiercely illustrated between Hamilton and Jefferson. Washington restricted cabinet discussions to topics of his choosing, without participating in the debate. He occasionally requested cabinet opinions in writing and

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Washington planned to resign after his first term, but political strife convinced him to remain in office. He was an able administrator and a judge of talent and character, and he regularly talked with department heads to get their advice. He tolerated opposing views, despite fears that a democratic

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Washington arrived in Philadelphia on May 9, 1787, though a quorum was not attained until May 25. Benjamin Franklin nominated Washington to preside over the convention, and he was unanimously elected to serve as president general. The convention's state-mandated purpose was to revise the Articles of

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soon thereafter. In a final appearance in uniform, he gave a statement to the Congress: "I consider it an indispensable duty to close this last solemn act of my official life, by commending the interests of our dearest country to the protection of Almighty God, and those who have the superintendence

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was signed on September 3, 1783, formally ending the war. Although the peace treaty did not happen for two years following the end of the battle, Yorktown proved to be the last significant battle or campaign of the Revolutionary War, with the British Parliament agreeing to cease hostilities in March

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to subdivide it. Crawford allotted 23,200 acres (9,400 ha) to Washington; Washington told the veterans that their land was hilly and unsuitable for farming, and he agreed to purchase 20,147 acres (8,153 ha), leaving some feeling they had been duped. He also doubled the size of Mount Vernon

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During the engagement, he had two horses shot from under him, and his hat and coat were bullet-pierced. His conduct under fire redeemed his reputation among critics of his command in the Battle of Fort Necessity, but he was not included by the succeeding commander (Colonel Thomas Dunbar) in planning

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His fellow citizens memorialized him forever by naming the newly created capital city of the young nation for him while he was still alive. Later, one of the states of union would bear his name—the only state named for an individual American. Moreover, counties in 32 states were given his name, and

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Along with other Founding Fathers, Washington has been condemned for holding enslaved people. Though he expressed the desire to see the abolition of slavery come through legislation, he did not initiate or support any initiatives for bringing about its end. This has led to calls from some activists

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The many contemporary reports of slave treatment at Mount Vernon are varied and conflicting. Historian Kenneth Morgan maintains that Washington was frugal on spending for clothes and bedding for his slaves, and only provided them with just enough food, and that he maintained strict control over his

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what he thought was Washington's skull, prompting the construction of a more secure vault. In his will, Washington had left instructions for the construction of a new vault as the old family vault was crumbling and needed repair even before his death. A new vault was constructed at Mount Vernon the

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immediately adjourned for the day upon news of Washington's death, and the Speaker's chair was shrouded in black the next morning. The funeral was held four days after his death on December 18, 1799, at Mount Vernon, where his body was interred. Cavalry and foot soldiers led the procession, and six

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Washington stressed that national identity was paramount, as a united America would safeguard freedom and prosperity. He warned the nation of three eminent dangers: regionalism, partisanship, and foreign entanglements, and said the "name of AMERICAN, which belongs to you, in your national capacity,

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Jefferson and Hamilton adopted diametrically opposed political principles. Hamilton believed in a strong national government requiring a national bank and foreign loans to function, while Jefferson believed the states and the farm element should primarily direct the government; he also resented the

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to encourage national unity. "It is the duty of all nations to acknowledge the providence of Almighty God, to obey His will, to be grateful for His benefits, and humbly to implore His protection and favor." He spent that day fasting and visiting debtors in prison to provide them with food and beer.

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Washington made repeated petitions to Congress for provisions. He received a congressional delegation to check the Army's conditions and expressed the urgency of the situation, proclaiming: "Something must be done. Important alterations must be made." He recommended that Congress expedite supplies,

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as "First in war, first in peace, and first in the hearts of his countrymen". Lee's words became the hallmark by which Washington's reputation was impressed upon the American memory, with some biographers regarding him as the great exemplar of republicanism. He set many precedents for the national

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The diagnosis of Washington's illness and the immediate cause of his death have been subjects of debate since his death. The published account of doctors Craik and Brown stated that his symptoms were consistent with cynanche trachealis, a term then used to describe severe inflammation of the upper

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In the final months of his presidency, Washington was assailed by his political foes and a partisan press who accused him of being ambitious and greedy. He came to regard the press as a disuniting, "diabolical" force of falsehoods. At the end of his second term, Washington retired for personal and

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which declared American neutrality. He was resolved to pursue "a conduct friendly and impartial toward the belligerent Powers" while also warning Americans not to intervene in the conflict. Although Washington recognized France's revolutionary government, he would eventually ask French minister to

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In March 1791, at Hamilton's urging, with support from Madison, Congress imposed an excise tax on distilled spirits to help curtail the national debt, which took effect in July. Grain farmers strongly protested in Pennsylvania's frontier districts; they argued that they were unrepresented and were

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and conduct raids on Patriot forces; Washington responded by sending Lafayette south to counter Arnold's efforts. Washington initially hoped to bring the fight to New York, drawing off British forces from Virginia and ending the war there, but Rochambeau advised him that Cornwallis in Virginia was

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Washington's 1751 bout with smallpox is thought to have rendered him sterile, though it is equally likely that "Martha may have sustained injury during the birth of Patsy, her final child, making additional births impossible." The couple lamented not having any children together. Despite this, the

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took command of intercolonial forces, the Virginia Regiment was divided, and Washington was offered a captaincy in one of the newly formed regiments. He refused, however, as it would have been a demotion and instead resigned his commission. The "Jumonville affair" became the incident which ignited

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Some accounts report that Washington opposed flogging but at times sanctioned its use, generally as a last resort, on both men and women slaves. Washington used both reward and punishment to encourage discipline and productivity in his slaves. He tried appealing to an individual's sense of pride,

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of the time. Beginning in the 1760s, however, Washington gradually grew to oppose it. His first doubts were prompted by his transition from tobacco to grain crops, which left him with a costly surplus of slaves, causing him to question the system's economic efficiency. His growing disillusionment

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Though in reviewing the incidents of my Administration I am unconscious of intentional error, I am nevertheless too sensible of my defects not to think it probable that I may have committed many errors. Whatever they may be, I fervently beseech the Almighty to avert or mitigate the evils to which

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projects begun before the war, though neither paid him any dividends, and he undertook a 34-day, 680-mile (1,090 km) trip to check on his land holdings in the Ohio Country. He oversaw the completion of the remodeling work at Mount Vernon, which transformed his residence into the mansion that

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Upon being told about Arnold's treason, Washington recalled the commanders positioned under Arnold at key points around the fort to prevent any complicity. He assumed personal command at West Point and reorganized its defenses. André's trial for espionage ended in a death sentence, and Washington

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Washington imported luxuries and other goods from England, paying for them by exporting tobacco. His profligate spending combined with low tobacco prices left him £1,800 in debt by 1764, prompting him to diversify his holdings. In 1765, because of erosion and other soil problems, he changed Mount

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As a respected military hero and large landowner, Washington held local offices and was elected to the Virginia provincial legislature, representing Frederick County in the House of Burgesses for seven years beginning in 1758. He first ran for the seat in 1755 but was soundly beaten by Hugh West.

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brigadier general and gave him command of one of the three brigades that would assault the fort. The French had abandoned the fort and the valley before the assault, however, and Washington only saw a friendly fire incident which left 14 dead and 26 injured. Frustrated, he resigned his commission

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On July 9, 1799, Washington finished making his last will; the longest provision concerned slavery. All his slaves were to be freed after the death of his wife. Washington said he did not free them immediately because his slaves intermarried with his wife's dower slaves. He forbade their sale or

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In February 1786, Washington took a census of Mount Vernon and recorded 224 slaves. By 1799, the slave population at Mount Vernon totaled 317, including 143 children. Washington owned 124 slaves, leased 40, and held 153 for his wife's dower interest. Washington supported many slaves who were too

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The British still controlled New York, and many Patriot soldiers did not re-enlist or deserted after the harsh winter campaign. Congress instituted greater rewards for re-enlisting and punishments for desertion to effect greater troop numbers. Strategically, Washington's victories at Trenton and

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The troops spotted Hessian positions a mile from Trenton, so Washington split his force into two columns, rallying his men: "Soldiers keep by your officers. For God's sake, keep by your officers." The two columns were separated at the Birmingham crossroads. General Greene's column took the upper

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Under Washington, the Virginia Regiment had defended 300 miles (480 km) of frontier against twenty Indian attacks in ten months. He increased the professionalism of the regiment as it grew from 300 to 1,000 men, and Virginia's frontier population suffered less than other colonies. Though he

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The Constitution came under attack in Pennsylvania, and Washington wrote to Richard Peters, "It would seem from the public Gazettes that the minority in your State are preparing for another attack of the now adopted Government; how formidable it may be, I know not. But that Providence which has

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in September 1752, and Washington was initiated two months later at the age of 20 as one of its first Entered Apprentices. Within a year, he progressed through its ranks to become a Master Mason. Washington had high regard for the Masonic Order, but his lodge attendance was sporadic. In 1777, a

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to American trade. The treaty secured peace with Britain and a decade of prosperous trade. Jefferson claimed that it angered France and "invited rather than avoided" war. Relations with France deteriorated afterward and, two days before Washington's term ended, the French Directory declared the

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Washington's forceful action demonstrated that the new government could protect itself and its tax collectors. This represented the first use of federal military force against the states and citizens. Washington justified his action against "certain self-created societies", which he regarded as

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The siege of Yorktown was a decisive victory by the combined forces of the Continental Army commanded by Washington, the French Army commanded by General Comte de Rochambeau, and the French Navy commanded by Admiral de Grasse. On August 19, the march to Yorktown led by Washington and Rochambeau

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without loss of life or materiel, although Alexander was captured. Howe was emboldened by his Long Island victory and dispatched Washington as "George Washington, Esq." in futility to negotiate peace. Washington declined, demanding to be addressed with diplomatic protocol, as general and fellow

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Washington soon was counted among the political and social elite in Virginia. From 1768 to 1775, he invited some 2,000 guests to Mount Vernon, mostly those whom he considered people of rank, and was known to be exceptionally cordial toward guests. Washington also took time for leisure with fox

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Washington was somewhat reserved in personality, but was known for having a strong presence. He made speeches and announcements when required, but he was not a noted orator nor debater. He was taller than most of his contemporaries; accounts of his height vary from 6 ft (1.83 m) to

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asserting that Parliamentary law superseded colonial law. In the late 1760s, the interference of the British Crown in American lucrative western land speculation spurred the American Revolution. Washington was a prosperous land speculator, and in 1767, he encouraged "adventures" to acquire

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and constructed by John Struthers. The sarcophagus was sealed and encased with planks, and an outer vault was constructed around it. The outer vault has the sarcophagi of both George and Martha Washington; the inner vault has the remains of other Washington family members and relatives.

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In 1755 Hugh West Jr. gave up his seat in Fairfax County and won a House of Burgess election in Frederick County defeating Colonel George Washington. This defeat was Washington's only electoral loss. Hugh West Jr. served as a Frederick County burgess until 1758 when he was defeated by

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state officials to take the initiative, but they declined. On August 7, Washington issued his first proclamation for calling up state militias. After appealing for peace, he reminded the protestors that, unlike the rule of the British crown, the Federal law was issued by state-elected

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occurred in March 1792. Hamilton's Federalists exploited large loans to gain control of U.S. debt securities, causing a run on the national bank; the markets returned to normal by mid-April. Jefferson believed Hamilton was part of the scheme, despite Hamilton's efforts to ameliorate.

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has argued that Washington avoided evangelistic Christianity or hellfire-and-brimstone speech along with communion or anything inclined to "flaunt his religiosity", saying that he "never used his religion as a device for partisan purposes or in official undertakings". No mention of

3741:"subversive organizations" that threatened the national union. He did not dispute their right to protest, but he insisted that their dissent must not violate federal law. Congress agreed and extended their congratulations to him; only Madison and Jefferson expressed indifference. 4421:

but one. He had several sets of false teeth during his presidency. Contrary to common lore, these were not made of wood, but of metal, ivory, bone, animal teeth, and human teeth possibly obtained from slaves. These dental problems left him in constant pain, which he treated with

3935:. From 1792 to 1793, Wayne instructed his troops on Native American warfare tactics and instilled discipline which was lacking under St. Clair. In August 1794, Washington sent Wayne into tribal territory with authority to drive them out by burning their villages and crops in the 3019:: "I almost despair of seeing a favorable issue to the proceedings of our convention and do therefore repent having had any agency in the business." Nevertheless, he lent his prestige to the work of the other delegates, unsuccessfully lobbying many to support ratification of the 1589:

Early in his legislative career, Washington rarely spoke or even attended legislative sessions. He would later become a prominent critic of Britain's taxation policy and mercantilist policies towards the American colonies and became more politically active starting in the 1760s.

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On August 2, Washington assembled his cabinet to discuss the situation. Unlike Washington, who had reservations about using force, Hamilton was eager to suppress the rebellion with federal authority. Wanting to avoid involving the federal government, Washington first called on

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4 date passed without a Congressional quorum to count the votes, but a quorum was reached on April 5. The votes were tallied the next day, and Washington won the majority of every state's electoral votes. He was informed of his election as president by Congressional Secretary

2870:"I am not only retired from all public employments but I am retiring within myself, and shall be able to view the solitary walk and tread the paths of private life with heartfelt satisfaction ... I will move gently down the stream of life, until I sleep with my fathers." 2681:, Gates was replaced by Nathanael Greene, Washington's initial choice, but the British had firm control of the South. Washington was reinvigorated, however, when Lafayette returned from France with more ships, men, and supplies, and 5,000 veteran French troops led by Marshal 4361:. Southern opposition was intense, antagonized by an ever-growing rift between North and South; many were concerned that Washington's remains could end up on "a shore foreign to his native soil" if the country became divided, and Washington's remains stayed in Mount Vernon. 4283:

colonels served as the pallbearers. The Mount Vernon funeral service was restricted mostly to family and friends. Reverend Thomas Davis read the funeral service by the vault with a brief address, followed by a ceremony performed by members of Washington's Masonic lodge in

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began a chaotic ten-day evacuation aboard 120 ships. Soon after, Washington entered the city with 500 men, with explicit orders not to plunder the city. He refrained from exerting military authority in Boston, leaving civilian matters in the hands of local authorities.

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joined him with 2,000 more troops. The future of the Continental Army was in doubt due to lack of supplies, a harsh winter, expiring enlistments, and desertions. Washington was disappointed that many New Jersey residents were Loyalists or skeptical about independence.

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but bore no relationship to the presidency established under Article II of the Constitution. Under the Articles of Confederation, Congress called its presiding officer "President of the United States in Congress Assembled", but this position had no national executive

2466:, prompted some members of Congress to consider removing Washington from command. Washington's supporters resisted, and the matter was dropped after much deliberation. Once the plot was exposed, Conway wrote an apology to Washington, resigned, and returned to France. 4034:. While his relationship with Washington would remain friendly, Washington's relationship with his Secretary of War Henry Knox deteriorated after rumors that Knox had profited from contracts for the construction of U.S. frigates which had been commissioned under the 3047:

decided to re-establish the position of Chancellor, and elected Washington to the office on January 18. The College Rector Samuel Griffin wrote to Washington inviting him to the post, and in a letter dated April 30, 1788, Washington accepted the position of the 14th

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to hold western New Jersey and the east shore of the Delaware. Desperate for a victory, Washington and his generals devised a surprise attack on Trenton. The army was to cross the Delaware in three divisions: one led by Washington (2,400 troops), another by General

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defined Washington's character as "integrity, self-discipline, courage, absolute honesty, resolve, and decision, but also forbearance, decency, and respect for others". Polls of historians have consistently placed Washington among the highest-ranked of presidents.

2794:

When peace negotiations began in April 1782, both the British and French began gradually evacuating their forces. With the American treasury empty, unpaid and mutinous soldiers forced the adjournment of Congress. In March 1783, Washington successfully calmed the

4935:

have never been proven or disproven. Historian John Ferling, however, maintains that Washington remains the only founder and president ever to be referred to as "godlike", and points out that his character has been the most scrutinized by historians. Biographer

3517:, which overrode state laws and courts, allowing agents to cross state lines to return escaped slaves. Many free blacks in the north decried the law believing it would allow bounty hunting and kidnapping. The Fugitive Slave Act gave effect to the Constitution's 2558:

noted possible reasons for Arnold's defection to be his anger at losing promotions to junior officers, or repeated slights from Congress. He was also deeply in debt, profiteering from the war, and disappointed by Washington's lack of support during his eventual

1463:

failed to realize a royal commission, he gained self-confidence, leadership skills, and knowledge of British military tactics. The destructive competition Washington witnessed among colonial politicians fostered his later support of a strong central government.

4275:

to wait three days before his burial. According to Lear, Washington died between 10 p.m. and 11 p.m. on December 14, 1799, with Martha seated at the foot of his bed. His last words were "'Tis well", from his conversation with Lear about his burial. He was 67.

2237:'s cannons. Washington's troops charged, the British surrendered in less than an hour, and 194 soldiers laid down their arms. Howe retreated to New York City where his army remained inactive until early the next year. Washington took up winter headquarters in 1627:

Washington played a central role before and during the American Revolution. His distrust of the British military had begun when he was passed over for promotion into the Regular Army. Opposed to taxes imposed by the British Parliament on the Colonies without

1671:, which Washington saw as "an invasion of our rights and privileges". He said Americans must not submit to acts of tyranny since "custom and use shall make us as tame and abject slaves, as the blacks we rule over with such arbitrary sway". That July, he and 1586:

When he ran in 1758, Washington plied voters with beer, brandy, and other beverages. Despite being away serving on the Forbes Expedition, he won the election with roughly 40 percent of the vote, defeating three opponents with the help of local supporters.

2383:

Biographer John Alden maintains, "It was inevitable that the defeats of Washington's forces and the concurrent victory of the forces in upper New York should be compared." Admiration for Washington was waning, including little credit from John Adams.

3571:

Washington's first term was largely devoted to economic concerns. Establishment of public credit became a primary challenge for the federal government. Hamilton submitted a report to a deadlocked Congress, and he, Madison, and Jefferson reached the

3149:

lacked the powers to handle its workload and had weak leadership, no executive, a small bureaucracy of clerks, large debt, worthless paper money, and no power to establish taxes. He had the task of assembling an executive department and relied on

4757:, and then subsequently freeing the rest of his personally owned slaves outright upon Martha's death. As president, he remained publicly silent on the topic of slavery, believing it was a nationally divisive issue that could undermine the union. 3673:

The feud led to the well-defined Federalist and Republican parties, and party affiliation became necessary for election to Congress by 1794. Washington remained aloof from congressional attacks on Hamilton, but did not publicly protect him. The

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to ask Congress to revise the Articles of Confederation. One of their biggest efforts was getting Washington to attend. Congress agreed to a Constitutional Convention to be held in Philadelphia in Spring 1787, with each state to send delegates.

3736:

to lead them into the rebellious districts. They took 150 prisoners, and the remaining rebels dispersed. Two of the prisoners were condemned to death, but Washington exercised his Constitutional authority for the first time and pardoned them.

4441:. He enjoyed hunting foxes, deer, ducks, and other game. He was an excellent dancer and frequently attended the theater. He drank alcohol in moderation but was morally opposed to excessive drinking, smoking tobacco, gambling, and profanity. 4205:

Washington was known to be rich because of the well-known "glorified façade of wealth and grandeur" at Mount Vernon, but nearly all his wealth was in the form of land and slaves rather than ready cash. To supplement his income, he erected a

3000:, and others. They persuaded him to attend as his presence might induce reluctant states to send delegates and smooth the way for the ratification process while also giving legitimacy to the convention. On March 28, Washington told Governor 16582: 3500:

In response to two antislavery petitions that were presented to Congress in 1790, slaveholders in Georgia and South Carolina threatened to "blow the trumpet of civil war". Washington and Congress responded with a series of racist measures:

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wrote that Washington was determined not to risk national unity. Washington never responded to any of the antislavery petitions he received, and the subject was not mentioned in either his last address to Congress or his Farewell Address.

4022:

be recalled over the Citizen Genêt affair. Genêt was a diplomatic troublemaker who was openly hostile toward Washington's neutrality policy. He procured four American ships as privateers to strike at Spanish forces (British allies) in

2975:

was no more than "a rope of sand". He believed the nation was on the verge of "anarchy and confusion", was vulnerable to foreign intervention, and that a national constitution would unify the states under a strong central government.

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promoting France's interests, but Washington denounced them and demanded that the French recall Genêt. The National Assembly of France granted Washington honorary French citizenship on August 26, 1792, during the early stages of the

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erupted in Massachusetts over taxation, Washington was further convinced that a national constitution was needed. Some nationalists feared that the new republic had descended into lawlessness, and they met on September 11, 1786, at

2747:

as his proxy. As a gesture of goodwill, Washington held a dinner for the American, French, and British generals, all of whom fraternized on friendly terms and identified with one another as members of the same professional military

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was a widely accepted institution in the late 18th century, known for advocating moral teachings. Washington was attracted to the Masons' dedication to the Enlightenment principles of rationality, reason, and brotherhood. American

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who had issued a proclamation prohibiting it, but Washington feared the spread of smallpox in the army. The mass inoculation proved successful, with only isolated infections occurring and no regiments incapacitated by the disease.

1344:

The full Virginia Regiment joined Washington at Fort Necessity the following month with news that he had been promoted to command of the regiment and colonel upon the regimental commander's death. The regiment was reinforced by an

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Before returning to private life in June 1783, Washington called for a strong union. Though he was concerned that he might be criticized for meddling in civil matters, he sent a circular letter to the states, maintaining that the

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in Virginia. He privately prayed and read the Bible daily, and publicly encouraged people and the nation to pray. He may have taken communion on a regular basis prior to the Revolution, but he did not do so following the war.

16768: 3078:. John Adams received the next highest number of votes and was elected vice president. Despite feeling "anxious and painful sensations" about leaving Mount Vernon, he departed for New York City on April 16 to be inaugurated. 11253: 4264:; Dick thought the condition was a more serious "violent inflammation of the throat". They continued the process of bloodletting to approximately five pints, but Washington's condition deteriorated further. Dick proposed a 16243: 2700:

in December 1780; he urged Congress and state officials to expedite provisions so the army would not "continue to struggle under the same difficulties they have hitherto endured". On March 1, 1781, Congress ratified the

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GW kept a copy of the Frederick County poll sheet (c. 10 Dec., DLC:GW) in his papers with the names of the 40 men who voted for him and the names of the 271 men who voted for Hugh West and 270 who voted for Thomas

4532:. He believed in a divine power who watched over battlefields, was involved in the outcome of war, protected his life, and was involved in American politics and specifically the creation of the United States. Historian 2817:

was signed on September 3, 1783, and Britain officially recognized American independence. Washington disbanded his army, giving a farewell address to his soldiers on November 2. During this time, Washington oversaw the

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evening, Washington complained of chest congestion. The next morning, however, he awoke to an inflamed throat and difficulty breathing. He ordered estate overseer George Rawlins to remove nearly a pint of his blood;

4174:) were under Indian attacks and yielded little income, with squatters there refusing to pay rent. He attempted to sell these but without success. He became an even more committed Federalist. He vocally supported the 4046:

political reasons, dismayed with personal attacks, and to ensure that a truly contested presidential election could be held. He did not feel bound to a two-term limit, but his retirement set a significant precedent.

1239:

In October 1753, Dinwiddie appointed Washington as a special envoy. He had sent Washington to demand French forces to vacate land that was claimed by the British. Washington was also appointed to make peace with the

1443:. Shirley ruled in Washington's favor only in the matter of Dagworthy; Loudoun humiliated Washington, refused him a royal commission and agreed only to relieve him of the responsibility of manning Fort Cumberland. 2474:'s incessant drilling transformed Washington's recruits into a disciplined fighting force by the end of winter camp. For his services, Washington promoted Von Steuben to Major General and made him chief of staff. 2225:

and John Cadwalader were being driven back by the British when Mercer was mortally wounded. Washington arrived and led the men in a counterattack which advanced to within 30 yards (27 m) of the British line.

1872:, commander of British forces in America. They set up fortifications, making the city impervious to attack. Local militias surrounded the city and effectively trapped the British troops, resulting in a standoff. 4268:, but the other physicians were not familiar with that procedure and disapproved. Washington instructed Brown and Dick to leave the room, while he assured Craik, "Doctor, I die hard, but I am not afraid to go." 4961:

wrote that, "Washington had a lifelong obsession with getting Indian land, either for himself or for his nation, and initiated policies and campaigns that had devastating effects in Indian country." He stated:

1422:

The Virginia Regiment was reconstituted in August 1755, and Dinwiddie appointed Washington its commander, again with the rank of colonel. Washington clashed over seniority almost immediately, this time with

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In a letter of September 20, 1765, Washington protested to "Robert Cary & Co." that the low prices he received for his tobacco and for the inflated prices he was forced to pay on second-rate goods from

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After initial publication, many Republicans, including Madison, criticized the Address and described it as an anti-French campaign document, with Madison believing that Washington was strongly pro-British.

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in December 1777. There they lost between 2,000 and 3,000 men as a result of disease and lack of food, clothing, and shelter. The British were comfortably quartered in Philadelphia, paying for supplies in

1818:

Washington initially banned the enlistment of blacks, both free and enslaved, into the Continental Army. The British saw an opportunity to divide the colonies, and the colonial governor of Virginia issued

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the better target. De Grasse's fleet arrived off the Virginia coast, cutting off British retreat. Seeing the advantage, Washington made a feint towards Clinton in New York, then headed south to Virginia.

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to transport his army, and the destruction of vessels that could be used by the British. He personally risked capture while staking out the Jersey shoreline alone leading up to the crossing. Washington

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ended in Washington's surrender. He signed a surrender document in which he unwittingly took responsibility for "assassinating" Jumonville, later blaming the translator for not properly translating it.

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slaves, instructing his overseers to keep them working hard from dawn to dusk year-round. In contrast, historian Dorothy Twohig said: "Food, clothing, and housing seem to have been at least adequate".

3513:(later the state of Tennessee) was permitted to maintain slavery; and two more slave states were admitted (Kentucky in 1792 and Tennessee in 1796). On February 12, 1793, Washington signed into law the 4291:

windpipe, including quinsy. Accusations have persisted since Washington's death concerning medical malpractice. Modern medical authors, however, largely have concluded that he likely died from severe

4170:

Washington retired to Mount Vernon in March 1797 and devoted time to his plantations and other business interests. His plantation operations were only minimally profitable, and his lands in the west (

2735:

By late September, Patriot-French forces surrounded Yorktown, trapped the British Army, and prevented British reinforcements from Clinton in the North, while the French navy emerged victorious at the

1562:, and he managed the remaining two-thirds for Martha's children; the estate also included 84 slaves. As a result, he became one of the wealthiest men in Virginia, which increased his social standing. 1193:, where he took his oath of office on July 20, 1749. He subsequently familiarized himself with the frontier region, and though he resigned from the job in 1750, he continued to do surveys west of the 16557: 16574: 11527: 967:

in 1788 and 1792. As the first U.S. president, Washington implemented a strong, well-financed national government while remaining impartial in a fierce rivalry that emerged between cabinet members

20846: 16766: 13768: 1431:. Washington, impatient for an offensive against Fort Duquesne, was convinced Braddock would have granted him a royal commission and pressed his case in February 1756 with Braddock's successor as 17569: 1984:, who ran the British war effort in England, believed it could be won with one "decisive blow". The British forces, including more than a hundred ships and thousands of troops, began arriving on 1527:. The marriage took place at Martha's estate; she was intelligent, gracious, and experienced in managing a planter's estate, and the couple had a happy marriage. They moved to Mount Vernon, near 16288: 12679: 1162:. By early adulthood, he was writing with "considerable force" and "precision". As a teenager, to practice his penmanship, Washington compiled over a hundred rules for social interaction styled 20536: 3905:

on August 7, 1790, which provided the tribes with agricultural supplies and McGillivray with the rank of Brigadier General and an annual salary of $ 1,200, equivalent to $ 29,573 in 2023.

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The Society of the Cincinnati was formed by Henry Knox in May 1783, to carry on the memory of the War of Independence and to establish a fraternity of officers. The Society was named after

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Washington received his license through the college, whose charter gave it the authority to appoint Virginia county surveyors. There is no evidence that he actually attended classes there.

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The British evacuated Philadelphia for New York that June and Washington summoned a war council of American and French generals. He chose a partial attack on the retreating British at the

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froze over, Washington was eager to cross and storm Boston, but General Gates and others were opposed to untrained militia striking well-garrisoned fortifications. Instead, he agreed to

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became a preeminent statement on republicanism in which he wrote about the importance of national unity and the dangers that regionalism, partisanship, and foreign influence pose to it.

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named in his honor, and he sold individual lots to middle-income investors rather than multiple lots to large investors, believing they would more likely commit to making improvements.

1208:

during that trip, which left his face slightly scarred. Lawrence died in 1752, and Washington leased Mount Vernon from his widow Anne; he inherited it outright after her death in 1761.

25025: 20392: 5299:

The mid-16th-century word "Indian" described the Indigenous Peoples of the Americas. More modern terms for Indians include American Indian and Native American and Indigenous Peoples.

4911:, passed on January 19, 1976, with an effective appointment date of July 4, 1976, he was posthumously appointed to the grade of General of the Armies of the United States during the 4127:

with the laws, by order of the legislatures, as an evidence of the value they attached to its political precepts, and of their affection for its author." In 1972, Washington scholar

2915:

To make his estate profitable again, Washington undertook a new landscaping plan and succeeded in cultivating a range of fast-growing trees and native shrubs. He also began breeding

1252:, and gathered information about the numbers and locations of the French forts, as well as intelligence concerning individuals taken prisoner by the French. Washington was nicknamed 22849: 20659: 17486: 17037: 10409: 4486:

may have prompted his heirs to emigrate to America. He was baptized as an infant in April 1732 and became a devoted member of the Anglican Church. He served more than 20 years as a

1807:, a young bookkeeper, impressed Adams and Washington with ordnance knowledge and was subsequently promoted to colonel and chief of artillery. Similarly, Washington was impressed by 11245: 4554:

Washington emphasized religious toleration in a nation with numerous denominations and religions. He publicly attended services of different Christian denominations and prohibited

2743:. Washington negotiated the terms of surrender for two days, and the official signing ceremony took place on October 19; Cornwallis claimed illness and was absent, sending General 16767: 13180: 12339: 4727:. At Martha's behest, Washington attempted to capture Ona, using a Treasury agent, but failed. In February 1797, around the time of his 65th birthday, Washington's personal slave 2011:, and approached Washington's fortifications Opposing his generals, Washington chose to fight, based on inaccurate information that Howe's army had only 8,000-plus troops. In the 26252: 12409: 3670:, and his attempts to undermine Hamilton nearly led Washington to dismiss him from the cabinet; he ultimately resigned his position in December 1793, and Washington forsook him. 20761: 17912: 6618: 1341:, who had been carrying a diplomatic message for the British. The French later found their countrymen dead and scalped, blaming Washington, who had retreated to Fort Necessity. 1039: 13393: 11837: 9069: 3728:. Washington issued a final proclamation on September 25, threatening the use of military force to no avail. The federal army was not up to the task, so Washington invoked the 3118:

in New York City. His coach was led by militia and a marching band and followed by statesmen and foreign dignitaries in an inaugural parade, with a crowd of 10,000. Chancellor

1004: 20531: 17609: 15940:

A History of the Life and Death, Virtues and Exploits of General George Washington, with Curious Anecdotes, Equally Honourable to Himself and Exemplary to His Young Countrymen

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The state electors under the Constitution voted for the president on February 4, 1789, and Washington suspected that most Republicans had not voted for him. The mandated March

2992:

On December 4, 1786, Washington was chosen to lead the Virginia delegation, but he declined on December 21. He had concerns about the legality of the convention and consulted

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Congress reenacted the ordinance in 1789 and subsequently extended most of its provisions to other western territories, as the United States became a transcontinental nation.

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Based on his private papers and on accounts from his contemporaries, Washington slowly developed a cautious sympathy toward abolitionism that eventually ended with his will

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of them, to his holy keeping." Washington's resignation was acclaimed at home and abroad and showed a skeptical world that the new republic would not degenerate into chaos.

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On July 31, 1793, Jefferson submitted his resignation from cabinet. Hamilton, desiring more income for his family, resigned from office in January 1795 and was replaced by

3592:, both of which Washington signed into law. Congress authorized the assumption and payment of the nation's debts, with funding provided by customs duties and excise taxes. 21493: 18023: 5228: 4545:, and such references are rare in his public writings. At the same time, Washington frequently quoted from the Bible or paraphrased it, and often referred to the Anglican 20831: 16197: 12606: 4819:

stayed with or near Martha. Following Washington's instructions in his will, funds were used to feed and clothe the young, aged, and infirm slaves until the early 1830s.

2470:

and Congress agreed to strengthen and fund the army's supply lines by reorganizing the commissary department. By late February, supplies began arriving. Meanwhile, Baron

20364: 20248: 20048: 19980: 18038: 20816: 17456: 13328: 6378: 6081: 25255: 20234: 19909: 17954: 17853: 2739:. The final American offensive began with a shot fired by Washington. The siege ended with a British surrender on October 19, 1781; over 7,000 British soldiers became 2481:

with the Americans. Congress ratified the treaty in May, which amounted to a French declaration of war against Britain. In May 1778, Howe resigned and was replaced by

1902:

The Continental Army, reduced to only 9,600 men by January 1776 due to expiring short-term enlistments, had to be supplemented with militia. Soon, they were joined by

6411: 5602: 5521: 1609:: "It is easier to conceive, than to describe, the distress of this Family". He canceled all business activity and remained with Martha every night for three months. 22533: 21012: 20219: 20209: 11745: 6710: 4881:

government and the presidency in particular, and he was called the "Father of His Country" as early as 1778. Washington is among the highest-ranked U.S. Presidents.

4672:

slaves upon his marriage to Martha, and purchased at least 71 slaves between 1752 and 1773. From 1786, he rented slaves; at the time of his death he was renting 41.

4598:, but he declined due to his commitments leading the Continental Army. After 1782, he frequently corresponded with Masonic lodges and members, and served as charter 2130: 1333:

The French detachment proved to be only about 50 men, so Washington advanced on May 28 with a small force of Virginians and Indian allies to ambush them. During the

22790: 20851: 26397: 26297: 24026: 20229: 20224: 20214: 20204: 17169: 9869: 6458: 3773:

to normalize trade relations with Britain while removing them from western forts, and also to resolve financial debts remaining from the Revolution. Chief Justice

2834: 2773: 1569:

fulfilled Dinwiddie's 1754 promise of land bounties to all-volunteer militia during the French and Indian War. In late 1770, Washington inspected the lands in the

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hitherto smiled on the honest endeavours of the well meaning part of the People of this Country will not, I trust, withdraw its support from them at this crisis."

4567:, Washington said, "We have abundant reason to rejoice that in this Land the light of truth and reason has triumphed over the power of bigotry and superstition." 24759: 20184: 11035: 4919:

stated that Washington would "rank first among all officers of the Army, past and present". On March 13, 1978, Washington was militarily promoted to the rank of

3012:

on May 27, the third day of the convention. It called for an entirely new constitution and a sovereign national government, which Washington highly recommended.

3008:

Confederation, and the new government would be established when the resulting document was "duly confirmed by the several states". Randolph introduced Madison's

21661: 5632: 26372: 26307: 25018: 20194: 20189: 20158: 20153: 18006: 17922: 13700: 6551: 5382:. However, he had reservations about some of the society's precepts, including heredity requirements for membership and receiving money from foreign interests. 5361:

Thomas Jefferson praised Washington for his "moderation and virtue" in relinquishing command. Reportedly, upon being informed of Washington's plans by painter

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passed by Parliament in 1767, and he introduced a proposal in May 1769 which urged Virginians to boycott British goods; the Acts were mostly repealed in 1770.

988: 13480: 7889: 5674: 3457:

Washington was apolitical and opposed the formation of parties, suspecting that conflict would undermine republicanism. He exercised great restraint in using

2900:

during a visit to his mother at Fredericksburg in February 1784, and he received a constant stream of visitors wishing to pay their respects at Mount Vernon.

26217: 23779: 23247: 23094: 20199: 20179: 20163: 17939: 17461: 17066: 2810:, which advised Congress to keep a standing army, create a "national militia" of separate state units, and establish a navy and a national military academy. 2682: 2601: 2191: 2076: 16549: 7151: 5735: 23444: 22124: 20756: 20130: 4639: 3886:

in Philadelphia. He made numerous attempts to conciliate them; he equated killing indigenous peoples with killing whites and sought to integrate them into

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but he harbored no contempt of organized Christianity and its clergy, "being no bigot myself to any mode of worship". In 1793, speaking to members of the

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Washington became an international symbol for liberation and nationalism as the leader of the first successful revolution against a colonial empire. The

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years of war. He arrived on Christmas Eve, delighted to be "free of the bustle of a camp and the busy scenes of public life". He was a celebrity and was

12306: 471: 26412: 26382: 26222: 23911: 22854: 22844: 21411: 20841: 20736: 20104: 20084: 20074: 17816: 16296: 12671: 2783: 2591: 1177:, Lawrence's father-in-law. Fairfax became Washington's patron and surrogate father. In 1748, Washington spent a month with a team surveying Fairfax's 945: 21654: 1411:

the divided army. Two-thirds of the British force became casualties, including the mortally wounded Braddock. Under the command of Lieutenant Colonel

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in which Jefferson agreed to Hamilton's debt proposals in exchange for moving the nation's capital temporarily to Philadelphia and then south near

936:, Washington was promoted to lieutenant colonel in 1754 and subsequently became head of the Virginia Regiment in 1755. He was later elected to the 22747: 16452: 11199: 1605:

Washington's stepdaughter Patsy suffered from epileptic attacks from age 12, and she died at Mount Vernon in 1773. The following day, he wrote to

26407: 26332: 24941: 23363: 22869: 20937: 20038: 20018: 19973: 19326: 19035: 18318: 18078: 17917: 17902: 17274: 11768: 9274: 8152: 4338: 2579: 2482: 2015:, Howe assaulted Washington's flank and inflicted 1,500 Patriot casualties, the British suffering 400. Washington retreated, instructing General 19015: 16435: 4399:

6 ft 3.5 in (1.92 m) tall, he weighed between 210–220 pounds (95–100 kg) as an adult, and was known for his great strength.

26352: 26327: 25248: 25034: 24974: 24490: 23981: 21422: 20028: 20023: 19291: 18714: 17949: 17934: 17532: 16995: 16729: 13255: 10234: 8792: 3785:, and the United States modified the boundary with Canada. The government liquidated numerous pre-Revolution debts, and the British opened the 3049: 2523:

at Washington's direction to covertly collect information about the British in New York. Washington had disregarded incidents of disloyalty by

1284: 1224:, appointed Washington as a major and commander of one of the four militia districts. The British and French were competing for control of the 1096: 439: 245: 16703: 15890:

Secret History of the American Revolution: An Account of the Conspiracies of Benedict Arnold and Numerous Others Drawn from the Secret Service

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in which Washington is identified as the Father of His Country is in the frontispiece of a 1779 German-language almanac, with calculations by

4271:

Washington's death came more swiftly than expected. On his deathbed, out of fear of being entombed alive, he instructed his private secretary

26432: 26387: 26272: 23257: 21893: 20791: 20033: 20013: 20008: 19286: 18246: 18108: 16963: 16953: 13535: 2729: 1403:. On Washington's recommendation, Braddock split the army into one main column and a lightly equipped "flying column". Suffering from severe 299: 23217: 12806: 3532:, except for slaves escaping from slave states. The 1787 law lapsed when the new U.S. Constitution was ratified in 1789. He also signed the 26312: 26197: 24925: 24578: 24530: 21544: 21229: 20281: 19735: 19361: 19336: 19301: 19276: 18605: 18586: 17266: 17022: 16940: 16823: 13251: 12802: 11572: 5348:

Congress initially directed the war effort in June 1776 with the committee known as "Board of War and Ordnance"; this was succeeded by the

4027:

while organizing militias to strike at other British possessions. However, his efforts failed to draw the United States into the conflict.

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1 (it had been March 25). These changes resulted in dates being moved forward 11 days and an advance of one year for those between January

2455:. The woodlands were soon exhausted of game. By February, Washington was facing lowered morale and increased desertions among his troops. 2199: 1415:, Washington, still very ill, rallied the survivors and formed a rear guard, allowing the remnants of the force to disengage and retreat. 1299: 26377: 26262: 26212: 24790: 24752: 24455: 24154: 24016: 23940: 23429: 23368: 20942: 20741: 19281: 17974: 17892: 17301: 16911: 16159:

Furstenberg, François (2011). "Atlantic Slavery, Atlantic Freedom: George Washington, Slavery, and Transatlantic Abolitionist Networks".

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During the fall of 1789, Washington had to contend with the British refusing to evacuate their forts in the Northwest frontier and their

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On March 9, under cover of darkness, Washington's troops bombarded British ships in Boston harbor. On March 17, 9,000 British troops and

1353:; his royal commission outranked Washington's and a conflict of command ensued. On July 3, a French force attacked with 900 men, and the 1186: 17: 13212: 12331: 4687:

Washington faced growing debts involved with the costs of supporting slaves. He held an "engrained sense of racial superiority" towards

26247: 26202: 23971: 23677: 22880: 22225: 20477: 20003: 19966: 19331: 19321: 19306: 18063: 17738: 17251: 5223: 4799:, to establish an abolitionist society in Virginia, stating that although he supported the idea, the time was not yet right. Historian 4207: 1472: 23769: 16533: 15842: 12401: 4077:

In 1796, Washington declined to run for a third term of office. In May 1792, in anticipation of his retirement, Washington instructed

3916:

of tribes used guerrilla tactics and were an effective force against the sparsely manned American Army. Washington sent Major General

3901:

and 24 leading chiefs to New York to negotiate a treaty and treated them like foreign dignitaries. Knox and McGillivray concluded the

3893:

In the Southwest, negotiations failed between federal commissioners and raiding Indian tribes seeking retribution. Washington invited

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began between Britain and France, and Washington declared America's neutrality. The revolutionary government of France sent diplomat

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Threats and violence against tax collectors, however, escalated into defiance against federal authority in 1794 and gave rise to the

3458: 3032: 2963: 2944: 2845:, a newly established hereditary fraternity of Revolutionary War officers. He served in this capacity for the remainder of his life. 2528: 2036:

bombarded the unstable earthworks on lower Manhattan Island. Despite misgivings, Washington heeded the advice of Generals Greene and

1993: 1875:

As Washington headed for Boston, word of his march preceded him, and he was greeted everywhere; gradually, he became a symbol of the

902: 13960:

Commanding Generals and Chiefs of Staff, 1775–2005: Portraits & Biographical Sketches of the United States Army's Senior Officer

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Washington was commissioned on June 19 and officially appointed by Congress as "General & Commander in chief of the army of the

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Modern medical experts who blamed medical malpractice include Morens and Wallenborn in 1999, Cheatham in 2008, and Vadakan in 2005.

4838: 4467: 3980: 3410: 1027: 236: 131: 12628: 8823: 2345:, on September 11, 1777, Howe outmaneuvered Washington and marched unopposed into the nation's capital at Philadelphia. A Patriot 26357: 26227: 24649: 23556: 23242: 20932: 19414: 19381: 19376: 19366: 19351: 18774: 18449: 17466: 17426: 17328: 17279: 16931: 6541:"Hugh West and the West Family's Momentous Role in Founding and Developing Alexandria and Fairfax and Loudoun Counties, Virginia" 5872: 5053:

in Washington, D.C., was built between 1848–1854 and 1879–1884 and was the tallest structure in the world between 1884 and 1889.

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On October 7, 1837, Washington's remains, still in the original lead coffin, were placed within a marble sarcophagus designed by

4064: 4055: 3442: 3287: 3135: 2338: 1713:. Upon hearing the news, Washington was "sobered and dismayed", and he hastily departed Mount Vernon on May 4, 1775, to join the 1008: 3979:

Washington did. Hamilton maintained that Washington's absence would be "deplored as the greatest evil" to the country. With the

2705:, but the government that took effect on March 2 did not have the power to levy taxes, and it loosely held the states together. 26277: 26207: 24988: 24745: 23976: 23759: 23434: 22824: 22603: 21022: 20691: 20569: 19346: 18016: 17670: 17655: 16716: 16189: 12598: 9204: 4981: 4807:

The first clear indication that Washington seriously intended to free his slaves appears in a letter written to his secretary,

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implemented in 1752 altered the official British dating method to the Gregorian calendar with the start of the year on January

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young or too old to work, greatly increasing Mount Vernon's slave population and causing the plantation to operate at a loss.

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Washington's party reached the Ohio River in November 1753, and was intercepted by a French patrol. The party was escorted to

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The American Presidents, Washington to Tyler What They Did, What They Said, What Was Said About Them, with Full Source Notes

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Peabody, Bruce G. (2001). "George Washington, Presidential Term Limits, and the Problem of Reluctant Political Leadership".

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Washington's legacy endures as one of the most influential in American history since he served as commander-in-chief of the

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describing him as "the best horseman of his age". He collected thoroughbreds at Mount Vernon, his two favorite horses being

1895:

declared that the colonies were in open rebellion and relieved Gage of command for incompetence, replacing him with General

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at Great Meadows, he learned that the French had made camp seven miles (11 km) away; he decided to take the offensive.

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The Articles of Confederation: An Interpretation of the Social-Constitutional History of the American Revolution, 1774–1781

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and a prominent public figure who had four additional children from his first marriage to Jane Butler. The family moved to

1054:. Washington consistently ranks in both popular and scholarly polls as one of the greatest presidents in American history. 13297: 11737: 9305: 3540:. On February 18, 1791, Congress admitted the free state of Vermont into the Union as the 14th state as of March 4, 1791. 3066:

The delegates to the Convention anticipated a Washington presidency and left it to him to define the office once elected.

26367: 26111: 25113: 24719: 24263: 24226: 24177: 24086: 23966: 23789: 23232: 23222: 23212: 22110: 21353: 20972: 20564: 19115: 18408: 18372: 18313: 18303: 17594: 13889: 13732: 7079:. National Historical Publications and Records Commission (The U.S. National Archives and Records Administration). 1775. 7053:. National Historical Publications and Records Commission (The U.S. National Archives and Records Administration). 1775. 6643:. National Historical Publications and Records Commission (The U.S. National Archives and Records Administration). 1758. 6583:. National Historical Publications and Records Commission (The U.S. National Archives and Records Administration). 1755. 5598: 5233: 4479: 4003: 3883: 3552: 3378: 3212: 1915: 1350: 1327: 1128: 1000: 95: 31: 9857: 8446:

Koehler, Rhiannon (Fall 2018). "Hostile Nations: Quantifying the Destruction of the Sullivan-Clinton Genocide of 1779".

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Washington, managing Mount Vernon in his absence, was critically ill, further increasing Washington's desire to retire.

1322:. Washington set out with half the regiment in April and soon learned a French force of 1,000 had begun construction of 1271:, where Washington was received in a friendly manner. He delivered the British demand to vacate to the French commander 621: 26437: 26317: 26257: 24835: 24505: 24365: 24061: 23449: 23424: 23358: 23283: 23207: 22538: 22200: 22185: 20609: 19135: 18251: 18204: 18189: 17979: 17969: 17809: 17557: 17421: 16047: 16026: 16005: 15981: 15962: 15913: 15874: 15836: 15801: 15780: 15757: 15727: 15651: 15628: 15605: 15586: 15542: 15517: 15496: 15464: 15440: 15417: 15372: 15349: 15328: 15304: 15268: 15234: 15171: 15144: 15121: 15087: 15041: 15015: 14992: 14971: 14950: 14931: 14910: 14891: 14870: 14851: 14827: 14803: 14782: 14735: 14700: 14681: 14660: 14639: 14618: 14586: 14544: 14523: 14499: 14478: 14455: 14432: 14411: 14387: 14364: 14341: 14315: 14289: 14268: 14243: 14217: 14198: 14177: 14158: 14136: 14115: 14070: 14049: 14026: 14005: 13968: 13931: 13899: 13875: 13851: 13830: 13727: 13558: 13460: 11486: 8735: 7194: 5212: 5084: 4502:

Washington believed in a "wise, inscrutable, and irresistible" Creator God who was active in the Universe, contrary to

1828: 1451: 1440: 992: 731: 35: 12742: 11050: 5786: 4650: 3599:. Madison and Jefferson objected to the idea, but legislation creating the bank easily passed Congress. Jefferson and 2806:

began adapting the army for peacetime. In August 1783, Washington gave the Army's perspective to the committee in his

2249:. While in Morristown, Washington's troops disrupted British supply lines and expelled them from parts of New Jersey. 1427:, another captain of superior royal rank, who commanded a detachment of Marylanders at the regiment's headquarters in 25975: 24113: 23857: 23008: 20952: 20314: 19989: 19709: 19704: 19065: 18985: 18184: 17284: 13792: 5624: 4744: 3484:. Washington favored Hamilton's agenda, however, and it ultimately went into effect—resulting in bitter controversy. 3402: 3123: 3119: 3020: 2616:

In late 1778, General Clinton shipped 3,000 troops from New York to Georgia and launched a Southern invasion against

1432: 1272: 906: 24349: 23764: 16524:"George Washington's Terminal Illness: A Modern Medical Analysis of the Last Illness and Death of George Washington" 13692: 11806: 7370: 6540: 4939:

concluded, "The great big thing stamped across that man is character." Expanding on Freeman's assessment, historian

4668:, and during his lifetime over 577 slaves lived and worked at Mount Vernon. He inherited some, gained control of 84 2690: 2093: 26392: 26282: 25980: 25264: 25065: 24845: 24603: 24571: 24480: 24081: 24031: 24001: 23986: 23840: 23486: 22948: 22888: 22829: 21512: 21457: 21452: 20796: 19433: 19055: 18426: 18083: 17959: 17552: 17318: 17061: 13812: 13476: 12046:. National Historical Publications and Records Commission (The U.S. National Archives and Records Administration). 9407:. National Historical Publications and Records Commission (The U.S. National Archives and Records Administration). 8791:. National Historical Publications and Records Commission (The U.S. National Archives and Records Administration). 7725: 5076: 3426: 3231: 2311: 2020: 1935: 1706: 1595: 830: 13598: 12252: 5462:

has a personification of Fame holding a trumpet to her lips juxtaposed with an image of Washington and the words "

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Washington retreated across the Delaware to Pennsylvania and returned to New Jersey on January 3, 1777, launching

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Washington became America's first spymaster by designing an espionage system against the British. In 1778, Major

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but was isolated from support by Howe. He was forced to retreat to Saratoga and ultimately surrendered after the

2007:, and Washington's consisted of 23,000, mostly raw recruits and militia. In August, Howe landed 20,000 troops at 1896: 964: 13670: 13638: 10835: 4377: 3924:

on an expedition to restore peace in the territory in 1791. On November 4, St. Clair's forces were ambushed and

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General Clinton sent Benedict Arnold, now a British Brigadier General with 1,700 troops, to Virginia to capture

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Dead Presidents: An American Adventure into the Strange Deaths and Surprising Afterlives of Our Nations Leaders

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He significantly reduced his purchases of slaves after the war but continued to acquire them in small numbers.

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to summon state militias. Governors sent troops, initially commanded by Washington, who handed over command to

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in 1784. There were few mules in the United States at that time, and he believed that they would revolutionize

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by reclaiming slaves freed by the British and returning them to servitude. He arranged to make this request to

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who did an extensive rewrite, while Washington provided final edits. On September 19, 1796, David Claypoole's

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was an "Act of Oppression" and celebrated its repeal the following year. In March 1766, Parliament passed the

1407:, Washington was left behind, and when he rejoined Braddock at Monongahela the French and their Indian allies 1314:

In February 1754, Dinwiddie promoted Washington to lieutenant colonel and second-in-command of the 300-strong

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in 1789, which had freed all slaves brought after 1787 into a vast expanse of federal territory north of the

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In 1751, Washington left mainland North America for the first and only time, when he accompanied Lawrence to

1197:. By 1752, he had bought almost 1,500 acres (600 ha) in the Valley and owned 2,315 acres (937 ha). 1100: 894: 721: 434: 14041:

The Indian World of George Washington: The First President, the First Americans, and the Birth of the Nation

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refused. André was hanged on October 2, 1780, despite his request for a firing squad, to deter other spies.

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Over the course of George Washington's life, at least 577 enslaved people lived and worked at Mount Vernon.

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A second Virginia regiment was raised under Colonel William Byrd III and also allocated to the expedition.

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to 6,500 acres (2,600 ha) and, by 1775, had increased its slave population by more than a hundred.

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Kohn, Richard H. (1970). "The Inside History of the Newburgh Conspiracy: America and the Coup d'Etat".

8816:"Letter to Continental Army, November 2, 1783, Farewell Orders; Letter to Henry Knox, November 2, 1783" 6279: 5375: 4912: 4870: 4773: 4591: 4014: 3856:

allied with the British to resist American expansion, and killed 1,500 settlers between 1783 and 1790.

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on September 24, while waiting to greet and have breakfast with Washington, Arnold immediately fled to

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Washington played an indispensable role in adopting and ratifying the Constitution, which replaced the

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held opposing political views and frequently clashed in cabinet meetings, much to Washington's dismay.

1127:. When Augustine died in 1743, Washington inherited Ferry Farm and ten slaves; his older half-brother 25486: 25481: 24556: 24396: 24339: 24288: 23835: 23825: 23707: 23129: 23114: 22928: 22819: 22768: 22613: 22563: 22410: 22274: 22218: 21188: 21068: 20867: 20599: 20422: 20299: 20145: 19175: 18396: 18145: 17874: 17640: 17164: 17010: 17000: 16802: 16427: 16107:

Estes, Todd (2000). "Shaping the Politics of Public Opinion: Federalists and the Jay Treaty Debate".

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Eagle and Sword: The Federalists and the Creation of the Military Establishment in America, 1783–1802

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Congressional Dynamics: Structure, Coordination, and Choice in the First American Congress, 1774–1789

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In 1832, a joint Congressional committee debated moving his body from Mount Vernon to a crypt in the

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for advice selecting its officers. Britain refused to relinquish its forts in the American West, and

2972: 2858: 2842: 2819: 2778: 2702: 2644: 2478: 2364:. Concerned about Burgoyne's movements southward, Washington sent reinforcements north with Generals 2175: 2060: 1887:. When he went to inspect the army, he found undisciplined militia. After consultation, he initiated 1820: 1408: 1385: 1334: 1190: 1088: 960: 921: 808: 793: 13247: 8788: 2620:, reinforced by 2,000 British and Loyalist troops. They repelled an attack by American patriots and 1864:

Early in 1775, in response to the growing rebellious movement, London sent British troops to occupy

25671: 25361: 24851: 24500: 24465: 24380: 24370: 24268: 23124: 23109: 23058: 23033: 23003: 22923: 22913: 22724: 21629: 21157: 21027: 20891: 20751: 20670: 20516: 20506: 20374: 19854: 18895: 18815: 18378: 18241: 18121: 17984: 17629: 17005: 16138:—— (2001). "The Art of Presidential Leadership: George Washington and the Jay Treaty". 15507: 15245: 12043: 11666: 7076: 7050: 6580: 4936: 4586: 4491: 4189:

Washington grew restless in retirement, prompted by tensions with France; in a continuation of the

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to pacify the Northwest tribes, but Little Turtle routed him twice and forced him to withdraw. The

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by Tanacharison. The name, meaning "devourer of villages", had been given to his great-grandfather

1124: 798: 715: 640: 602: 408: 15407: 14084: 13527: 5175: 2210:. The Hessians had 22 killed, including Colonel Rall, 83 wounded, and 850 captured with supplies. 1694:. As tensions rose in 1774, he helped train militias in Virginia and organized enforcement of the 25800: 25751: 25491: 25366: 24051: 23611: 23278: 23165: 22908: 22503: 22400: 22304: 22232: 21981: 21733: 20947: 20895: 20821: 20649: 20526: 20521: 20457: 20427: 20369: 19756: 19493: 19456: 19255: 18153: 18048: 17869: 17844: 17411: 17241: 17231: 17174: 15430: 14422: 13764: 13320: 10907: 8275: 6239: 5379: 4595: 4175: 3834: 3533: 3158:

preyed on American merchant ships in the Mediterranean before the United States even had a navy.

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Founding Gardeners: The Revolutionary Generation, Nature, and the Shaping of the American Nation

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Crucible of War: The Seven Years' War and the Fate of Empire in British North America, 1754–1766

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of Alexandria five days after his death on December 19, 1799. The complete text can be found in

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them and that the expeditions he sent to destroy Indian towns were therefore entirely justified.

4716:, which stated that any slave who lived there for more than six months was automatically freed. 4019: 4002:

in Philadelphia. Afterwards, Washington gave a brief address before immediately retiring to the

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shouldering too much of the debt, comparing their situation to British taxation pre-Revolution.

3445:. Washington's cabinet became a consulting and advisory body, not mandated by the Constitution. 1559: 26129: 25943: 25736: 25666: 25581: 25215: 25059: 25047: 24525: 24101: 23830: 23398: 23160: 22623: 22593: 22165: 22016: 21110: 20629: 20554: 20501: 20452: 20276: 18881: 18760: 17999: 17994: 17782: 17599: 17589: 17394: 15995: 15884: 14837: 13759: 12373: 10668: 6076: 4796: 4507: 4495: 4387: 4279: 4246: 3921: 2814: 2760: 2651: 2242: 2179: 2064: 2056: 2045: 2044:. They were unable to hold it; Washington abandoned the fort and ordered his army north to the 1824: 1776:

and of all the forces raised or to be raised by them". He was instructed to take charge of the

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for substantial whiskey production. He bought land parcels to spur development around the new

3625: 2322:. However, General Howe in British-occupied New York City blundered, taking his army south to 26026: 26017: 25686: 25656: 25386: 25346: 25321: 25233: 24869: 24510: 24450: 24411: 24375: 24308: 24066: 23851: 23561: 23373: 23068: 23023: 22988: 22918: 22903: 22839: 22588: 22528: 22405: 21599: 21317: 20696: 20664: 20495: 20324: 20271: 19111: 18266: 17839: 17624: 17491: 17340: 17308: 17103: 17088: 15488:

Valiant Ambition: George Washington, Benedict Arnold, and the Fate of the American Revolution

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The first account of Washington's death was written by doctors Craik and Brown, published in

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on May 6, 1783. Instead, Carleton issued 3,000 freedom certificates and all former slaves in

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Riley, Edward M. (July 1948). "St. George Tucker's Journal of the Siege of Yorktown, 1781".

5405:

There has been debate over whether Washington added "so help me God" to the end of the oath.

3461:, writing that "I give my Signature to many Bills with which my Judgment is at variance..." 2221:, with 40 Americans killed or wounded and 273 British killed or captured. American Generals 1918:, 100 feet (30 m) above Boston, with Knox's artillery to try to force the British out. 1244:, and to gather further intelligence about the French forces. Washington met with Half-King 26192: 26187: 26099: 25716: 25626: 25606: 25551: 25441: 24432: 24242: 23916: 23867: 22968: 22963: 22953: 22699: 22451: 22446: 22195: 21971: 21798: 21793: 21753: 21462: 21017: 20731: 20726: 20681: 20654: 20604: 20349: 19889: 19131: 18662: 18366: 18360: 18167: 17879: 17406: 17360: 17221: 17098: 17093: 16798: 16523: 15824: 15642:

A Sacred Union of Citizens: George Washington's Farewell Address and the American Character

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Invisible in Plain Sight: Self-Determination Strategies of Free Blacks in the Old Northwest

8104: 7818:"A true Fourth of July celebration: This town had a reading of Declaration of Independence" 7777: 5190: 5125:

in 1847. Washington has since appeared on many postage issues, more than any other person.

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Prior to the Revolutionary War, Washington's view on slavery was the same as most Virginia

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After the victory at Boston, Washington correctly guessed that the British would return to

1687: 1680: 1528: 1337:, French forces were killed outright with muskets and hatchets, including French commander 1241: 1194: 1170: 1116: 1112: 1108: 1104: 1043: 910: 847: 553: 548: 308: 208: 26146: 13453:

Greatness in the White House: Rating the Presidents, from Washington Through Ronald Reagan

10485: 7693: 6848: 5378:, a famous Roman military leader who relinquished his position after his Roman victory at 4843: 2882:

Washington was longing to return home after spending just ten days at Mount Vernon out of

940:

and was named a delegate to the Continental Congress in Philadelphia, which appointed him

8: 26417: 26001: 25731: 25701: 25611: 25586: 25526: 25466: 25416: 25401: 25185: 24820: 24545: 24108: 23754: 23511: 23134: 23013: 22993: 22978: 22958: 22943: 22714: 22513: 22243: 22147: 22076: 22046: 22021: 21996: 21986: 21966: 21951: 21921: 21878: 21858: 21828: 21813: 21614: 21445: 21234: 20962: 20826: 20614: 20559: 20462: 20319: 19945: 19924: 19859: 19802: 19061: 18981: 18479: 18286: 18129: 17693: 17584: 17367: 17147: 17125: 17120: 17081: 14710: 14554: 13590: 13559:"If Americans Grappled Honestly With Their History, Would Any Monuments Be Left Standing" 12885: 9301: 9018: 7894: 6927: 5042: 5002: 4893: 4862: 4754: 4602:

of Alexandria Masonic lodge No. 22 (now Alexandria-Washington Lodge, No. 22) in 1788–89.

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opened Hamilton to disgrace, but Washington continued to hold him in "very high esteem".

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Vernon's primary cash crop from tobacco to wheat and expanded operations to include corn

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An 1855 engraving of then Lieutenant Colonel Washington holding night council during the

1294: 1147: 1035: 803: 16619: 15924: 15706: 13946: 12933: 12106: 11627: 10620: 6259: 5365:, King George III remarked: "If he does that, he will be the greatest man in the world." 5145: 4869:. Various historians maintain that he also was a dominant factor in America's founding. 25922: 25661: 25461: 25316: 25301: 25161: 25149: 24893: 24800: 24663: 24657: 24416: 24334: 24303: 24293: 24046: 24006: 23576: 23531: 23053: 23043: 22973: 22436: 22299: 22269: 22056: 22026: 22006: 22001: 21991: 21868: 21838: 21748: 21584: 21536: 21147: 21131: 20992: 20806: 20781: 20766: 20676: 20644: 20634: 20594: 20584: 19648: 19529: 19051: 18658: 18636: 18615: 18489: 18432: 18402: 18161: 18028: 17834: 17829: 17703: 17688: 17645: 17634: 17372: 17350: 17113: 16868:

4 discussion with Matthew Parris, Michael Rose, & Frank Grizzard (October 21, 2016)

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as vice president by a vote of 77 to 50. He was sworn into office by Associate Justice

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was frozen, snow covered the ground for weeks, and the troops again lacked provisions.

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were able to leave before the city was evacuated by the British in late November 1783.

1811:'s intelligence and bravery. He would later promote him to colonel and appoint him his 1808: 1766: 1228:: the British were constructing forts along the Ohio River, and the French between the 1084: 1023: 972: 925: 725: 669: 607: 353: 303: 181: 174: 10361: 8685: 8339: 8037: 6127: 5919: 5697: 4222: 2000:

9 that Congress had declared the united colonies to be "free and independent states".

1531:, where he lived as a planter of tobacco and wheat and emerged as a political figure. 25676: 25511: 25501: 25446: 25431: 25396: 25281: 25203: 24951: 24946: 24688: 24629: 24283: 24247: 24163: 23697: 23657: 23189: 23063: 23038: 22998: 22983: 22933: 22864: 22834: 22691: 22650: 22031: 21976: 21941: 21936: 21901: 21818: 21773: 21763: 21738: 21467: 21213: 21198: 21178: 20927: 20906: 20878: 20482: 20309: 19782: 19689: 19612: 19201: 19151: 19081: 19021: 19001: 18991: 18851: 18390: 18342: 18336: 18328: 18276: 18068: 18033: 17355: 17135: 17130: 17071: 17015: 16832: 16506: 16419: 16390:

Morgan, Philip D. (2005). ""To Get Quit of Negroes": George Washington and Slavery".

16382: 16341: 16087: 16043: 16022: 16001: 15977: 15958: 15934: 15909: 15902: 15888: 15870: 15832: 15797: 15776: 15753: 15723: 15680: 15665: 15647: 15640: 15624: 15601: 15582: 15575: 15559: 15553: 15538: 15531: 15513: 15492: 15475: 15460: 15436: 15413: 15392: 15368: 15345: 15324: 15300: 15264: 15230: 15226:

Where the Cherry Tree Grew: The Story of Ferry Farm, George Washington's Boyhood Home

15209: 15202: 15167: 15140: 15117: 15083: 15037: 15011: 15004: 14988: 14967: 14946: 14927: 14906: 14887: 14866: 14847: 14823: 14799: 14778: 14731: 14696: 14677: 14656: 14635: 14614: 14582: 14540: 14519: 14495: 14474: 14451: 14428: 14407: 14383: 14360: 14337: 14311: 14285: 14264: 14257: 14239: 14213: 14194: 14173: 14154: 14132: 14111: 14105: 14090: 14066: 14045: 14022: 14001: 13980: 13964: 13927: 13920: 13895: 13871: 13847: 13826: 13456: 12953: 12571: 11036:"A Pretty Considerable Distillery: Excavating George Washington's Whiskey Distillery" 10792: 9837: 9810: 9720: 9180: 8731: 8475: 8463: 7844: 7745: 7190: 5455: 5318: 5118: 4958: 4927: 4688: 4665: 4512: 4483: 4391: 4326: 4035: 3763: 3725: 3701: 3687: 3335: 3273: 3052:. He continued to serve through his presidency until his death on December 14, 1799. 2920: 2744: 2722: 2617: 2605: 2303: 2162: 2139: 2080: 2004: 1888: 1536: 1520: 1455: 1447: 1315: 1178: 1080: 1063: 976: 929: 852: 840: 813: 709: 566: 518: 21504: 19958: 16858:

4 discussion with Carol Berkin, Simon Middleton, & Colin Bonwick (June 24, 2004)

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referred to the Farewell Address as receiving as much acclaim as Thomas Jefferson's

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Setting the World Ablaze: Washington, Adams, Jefferson, and the American Revolution

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to America, and he was welcomed with great enthusiasm. He created a network of new

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that he would attend the convention but made it clear that he was urged to attend.

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Heydt, Bruce (2005). "'Vexatious Evils': George Washington and the Conway Cabal".

7502: 5647: 4060: 3595:

Hamilton caused controversy in Cabinet by advocating for the establishment of the

2673:. Clinton returned to New York and left 8,000 troops under the command of General 1656:

backcountry western lands. Washington helped lead widespread protests against the

1204:, hoping the climate would cure his brother's tuberculosis. Washington contracted 928:. In 1752, he received military training and was granted the rank of major in the 26087: 26075: 25927: 25856: 25781: 25776: 25761: 25696: 25646: 25631: 25541: 25521: 25356: 25341: 25306: 25209: 25119: 25095: 24825: 24713: 24623: 24313: 24210: 24056: 23601: 23541: 23506: 23496: 22893: 22814: 22742: 22687: 22598: 22567: 22523: 22456: 22415: 22375: 22364: 22334: 22091: 22071: 22051: 21926: 21906: 21823: 21778: 21768: 21718: 21713: 21644: 21634: 21589: 21374: 21322: 21203: 21162: 21073: 20997: 20901: 20883: 20619: 20589: 20447: 19914: 19869: 19849: 19833: 19679: 19477: 19141: 19121: 19091: 18951: 18931: 18706: 18598: 18420: 18298: 18194: 17614: 17152: 17054: 17049: 16871: 16815: 16037: 16016: 15952: 15770: 15717: 15486: 15454: 15362: 15318: 15294: 15258: 15161: 15111: 15068: 15031: 15027: 14961: 14817: 14772: 14759: 14725: 14714: 14671: 14650: 14629: 14608: 14597: 14534: 14513: 14489: 14401: 14397: 14377: 14279: 14232: 14227: 14016: 13995: 13958: 13865: 12555: 9084: 8323: 6883: 6451:"The Father of the Nation, George Washington Was Also a Doting Dad to His Family" 6043: 5218: 4777: 4403: 4136: 4039: 3995: 3879: 3600: 3476:

to promote national credit and a financially powerful nation. Secretary of State

3414: 3366: 3261: 3075: 3024: 3001: 2908: 2830: 2740: 2655: 2524: 2365: 1844: 1796: 1777: 1773: 1710: 1652: 1436: 1392: 1257: 1174: 1067: 825: 278: 162: 24737: 16880: 16337: 15865:"Mr. President": George Washington and the Making of the Nation's Highest Office 14469:

The Ascent of George Washington: The Hidden Political Genius of an American Icon

13455:(2nd, updated ed.). Pennsylvania State University Press. pp. 7–9, 15. 11599: 7418: 5477:

Portraits & Biographical Sketches of the United States Army's Senior Officer

4783:

Washington privately expressed support for emancipation to prominent Methodists

4342:

following year to receive the remains of George and Martha and other relatives.

3848:

to incite Indian tribes to attack American settlers. The Northwest tribes under

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Washington's Rules of Civility and Decent Behaviour in Company and Conversation

15825:""That Species of Property": Washington's Role in the Controversy over Slavery" 15646:. Lanham, Boulder, New York, London: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, Inc. 15064: 14747: 14301: 13563: 13293: 10052: 9297: 6406: 5065: 5061: 5030:

Many places and monuments have been named in honor of Washington, most notably

5020: 4851: 4788: 4728: 4438: 4250: 3939:. On August 24, the American army defeated the Northwestern Confederacy at the 3100: 2932: 2640: 2448: 2424: 2307: 2246: 2229:

Some British troops retreated after a brief stand, while others took refuge in

2146: 2103: 2032:

belligerent, not as a "rebel", lest his men be hanged as such if captured. The

1959: 1657: 1648: 1500: 1424: 1253: 952:, which acknowledged the sovereignty and independence of the United States. He 16403: 16366: 15456:

The Real George Washington: The True Story of America's Most Indispensable Man

14693:

The Religious Beliefs of America's Founders Reason, Revelation, and Revolution

13722: 11222: 10068: 4947:

In the 21st century, Washington's reputation has been critically scrutinized.

4795:

In 1788, Washington declined a suggestion from a leading French abolitionist,

26176: 25880: 25616: 25576: 25566: 25536: 25531: 25476: 25436: 25406: 25291: 25101: 25089: 25077: 24915: 24830: 24694: 24520: 24495: 23950: 23717: 23702: 23692: 23672: 23621: 23591: 23586: 23521: 23348: 23202: 22608: 22466: 22264: 22102: 22036: 22011: 21931: 21848: 21843: 21833: 21788: 21783: 21728: 21708: 21688: 21619: 21579: 21569: 21417: 21338: 21296: 21265: 21193: 21115: 20987: 20957: 20873: 20776: 20487: 20442: 19864: 19797: 19792: 19730: 19725: 19699: 19617: 19571: 19191: 19161: 18901: 18831: 18454: 18261: 17416: 17159: 16510: 15948: 15382: 15157: 14813: 13911: 11852: 11518:"From Washington to Trump: This is the net worth of every American president" 11335: 10999: 10756: 9380: 8467: 8259: 7966: 5837: 5362: 5050: 4874: 4676: 4575: 4463: 4198: 4179: 4082: 4078: 3999: 3932: 3909: 3863: 3853: 3733: 3608: 3589: 3581: 3418: 3347: 3127: 3009: 2993: 2788: 2596: 2560: 2463: 2361: 2299: 2135: 2037: 2016: 1985: 1977: 1966: 1911: 1832: 1788: 1574: 1323: 1268: 1261: 486: 473: 18739: 16861: 16851: 15954:

An Imperfect God: George Washington, His Slaves, and the Creation of America

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of enumerating years, recording his birth as February 11, 1731. The British

5133: 4972:

to remove his name from public buildings and his statue from public spaces.

4353:

in the 1820s during the reconstruction of the burned-out capital, after the

3931:

Washington replaced the disgraced St. Clair with the Revolutionary War hero

3778:

and secured ratification in the Senate but faced frequent public criticism.

2897: 2539: 2477:

In early 1778, the French responded to Burgoyne's defeat and entered into a

2256:

of Continental troops against smallpox. This went against the wishes of the

1138:

Washington did not have the formal education his elder brothers received at

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George Washington's Secret Spy War: The Making of America's First Spymaster

14325: 11667:"Founders Online: From George Washington to Charles Lawrence, 20 June 1768" 10469: 10175: 9209: 8590: 8191: 6792: 6501: 5349: 5326: 5069: 4538: 4455: 4292: 4238: 4120: 3948: 3936: 3849: 3821: 3717: 3556: 3115: 3028: 2547: 2459: 2443: 2439: 2393: 2327: 2323: 2319: 2150: 2119: 2059:

to avoid encirclement. Howe landed his troops on Manhattan in November and

2052: 1812: 1784: 1718: 1672: 1400: 1245: 1151: 1143: 1132: 456: 19425: 14795:

The Princeton Encyclopedia of American Political History, Vols. I & II

13891:

Washington's Farewell: The Founding Father's Warning to Future Generations

13294:"How Many U.S. Army Five-star Generals Have There Been and Who Were They?" 11426: 11164: 8243: 2654:

for their worst winter of the war, with temperatures well below freezing.

2574:, the ship that had brought André to West Point, and escaped to New York. 1739: 1663:

Parliament sought to punish Massachusetts colonists for their role in the

25959: 25746: 25651: 25571: 25331: 25286: 23712: 23667: 23571: 23491: 23378: 22778: 22773: 21873: 21743: 21369: 21249: 19607: 19576: 19171: 17142: 16244:"The Washington Administration's Decision to Crush the Whiskey Rebellion" 16167:(2). Omohundro Institute of Early American History and Culture: 247–286. 15181: 14080: 13111:"First in War, First in Peace, and First in the Hearts of His Countrymen" 12402:"William Lee & Oney Judge: A Look at George Washington & Slavery" 11798: 10293: 10149: 10147: 10096: 9603: 9571: 9459: 9340: 9148: 8990: 8645:(3). Omohundro Institute of Early American History and Culture: 375–395. 8088: 7650: 5516: 4950: 4931: 4916: 4808: 4765: 4750: 4570: 4533: 4475: 4414: 4358: 4322: 4300: 4272: 4265: 4242: 4144: 3782: 3564: 3151: 3092: 2928: 2621: 2555: 2542:

with sensitive information intended to compromise Washington and capture

2520: 2506: 2315: 2253: 2230: 2222: 2207: 2186: 1996:

was unanimously adopted on July 4, Washington informed his troops on July

1869: 1412: 1377: 1159: 26070: 25033: 24187: 16786:

was created from a revision of this article dated 2 March 2019

16411: 16374: 16353:

Morgan, Kenneth (2000). "George Washington and the Problem of Slavery".

15192:. Vol. 14. G. Putnam & Sons (published 1893). pp. 257–258. 11414: 10800: 10514:"A Show of Force: The Northwest Indian War and the Early American State" 9768: 9587: 9132: 9116: 8894: 7299: 7095: 6303: 6223: 6015: 5935: 4699: 4406:; instead he wore his hair curled, powdered, and tied in a queue in the 2677:. Congress replaced Lincoln with Horatio Gates; after his defeat in the 1181:

property. The following year, he received a surveyor's license from the

25706: 25496: 25376: 25276: 25137: 24682: 24535: 24485: 24470: 23872: 23637: 23551: 23419: 22431: 22390: 22170: 22041: 21559: 21094: 19597: 19524: 18891: 18811: 18724: 18691: 18578: 18513: 18474: 17537: 17401: 16704:"The President's Cabinet Was an Invention of America's First President" 16272: 16234: 16151: 16130: 14774:

Bayonets in the Wilderness: Anthony Wayne's Legion in the Old Northwest

14146: 13885: 12248: 12090: 11136: 10807: 9660: 8658: 6943: 4892:

continued to distrust his influence for years and delayed building the

4720: 4704: 3991: 3867: 3791: 3770: 3560: 3529: 3430: 3323: 3217: 2997: 2033: 2024: 1892: 1804: 1762: 1570: 1229: 1225: 1120: 1076: 984: 291: 232: 123: 24586: 14536:

George Washington: Foundation of Presidential Leadership and Character

11689: 11268: 10740: 10513: 10144: 7566: 6867: 6426: 5999: 1879:

cause. Upon Washington's arrival on July 2, 1775, two weeks after the

1220:

inspired George to seek a commission. Virginia's lieutenant governor,

1185:. Even though Washington had not served the customary apprenticeship, 25556: 24460: 23749: 22508: 22354: 21002: 19592: 19251: 13660: 13628: 12062: 11522: 11096: 10652: 10345: 7610: 7462: 7287: 6473: 6335: 6319: 5160: 4776:, Washington's views on slavery began to change. In a 1778 letter to 4564: 4487: 4402:

He had grey-blue eyes and long reddish-brown hair. He did not wear a

4194: 2195: 2028: 1951: 1602:

hunting, fishing, dances, theater, cards, backgammon, and billiards.

1466: 1404: 1233: 1155: 1051: 24132: 16889: 16264: 16226: 16122: 14819:

Patriot Sage: George Washington and the American Political Tradition

14745:

Freeman, Douglas Southall (1968). Harwell, Richard Barksdale (ed.).

14168:

Cooke, Jacob E. (2002). "George Washington". In Graff, Henry (ed.).

14128:

The Role of Federal Military Forces in Domestic Disorders, 1789–1878

12770: 12672:"George Washington Used Legal Loopholes to Avoid Freeing His Slaves" 12019: 10556: 10436: 8650: 7926: 7111: 6843: 6841: 6839: 2829:

In early December 1783, Washington bade farewell to his officers at

2067:, and Howe broke off pursuit to set up winter quarters in New York. 25456: 24611: 24540: 23682: 22339: 19602: 12448: 12213: 10891: 10215: 9491: 8727:

The Perils of Peace: America's Struggle for Survival After Yorktown

7534: 6808: 6740: 6183: 6111: 4635: 4423: 4183: 3959: 3894: 3774: 3692: 3236: 2628: 2416: 2198:

night, 1776. His men followed across the ice-obstructed river from

1972:

Howe transported his resupplied army, with the British fleet, from

1783:

Congress chose his primary staff officers, including Major General

1249: 1205: 1201: 917: 881:, politician, military officer, and farmer who served as the first 15791: 15388:

Washington's God: Religion, Liberty, and The Father of Our Country

14259:

George Washington's Mount Vernon: At Home in Revolutionary America

12821: 11124: 10700: 10540: 9908:"An Act for the admission of the State of Vermont into this Union" 9833:

Slavery and the Founders: Race and Liberty in the Age of Jefferson

9423: 8375: 7671: 7669: 7550: 5458:

and published by Francis Bailey in Lancaster County Pennsylvania.

4907:

to be a federal holiday. Through a congressional joint resolution

2841:

The same month, Washington was appointed president-general of the

2380:. As Washington suspected, Gates' victory emboldened his critics. 1482: 1166:, copied from an English translation of a French book of manners. 1164:

Rules of Civility and Decent Behaviour in Company and Conversation

25792: 22385: 21037: 20467: 17570:

Longfellow House–Washington's Headquarters National Historic Site

16819: 15719:

Freemasonry: Rituals, Symbols & History of the Secret Society

14533:

Fishman, Ethan M.; Pederson, William D.; Rozell, Mark J. (2001).

14446:

Almost a Miracle: The American Victory in the War of Independence

12357: 12279: 12165: 10823: 10572: 10257: 10080: 9475: 9038: 8820:

George Washington Papers, 1741–1799: Series 3b Varick Transcripts

8231: 7890:"How a smallpox epidemic nearly derailed the American Revolution" 6836: 5809: 5564: 5548: 5046: 4108: 4024: 3826: 2822:

and was greeted by parades and celebrations. Along with Governor

2578:

offered to return him to the British in exchange for Arnold, but

2178:(1,500). The force was to then split, with Washington taking the 1612: 705: 25895: 16665:"George Washington's Biracial Family Is Getting New Recognition" 15677:

Panic on Wall Street: A History of America's Financial Disasters

13791:

For a selected list of published works treating Washington, see

10875: 10859: 9992: 7275: 5352:

in July 1777, which eventually included members of the military.

5101:

Washington appears on contemporary U.S. currency, including the

4634:, which continued after the Revolution and the establishment of 3790:

authority to seize American ships, leaving succeeding president

3449:

expected department heads to agreeably carry out his decisions.

2070: 1454:

tactics and chosen route. Forbes nevertheless made Washington a

963:

in 1789. He was then twice elected president unanimously by the

944:. Washington led American forces to a decisive victory over the 26288:

Candidates in the 1788–1789 United States presidential election

16875: 13821:

Akers, Charles W. (2002). "John Adams". In Graff, Henry (ed.).

13207: 12543: 12251:. The George Washington Masonic National Memorial Association. 10975: 10036: 9692: 9676: 8145:"The Prussian Nobleman Who Helped Save the American Revolution" 7822: 7666: 7598: 7215: 7187:

The Last King of America: The Misunderstood Reign of George III

6199: 4241:

was a common practice of the time. His family summoned doctors

3859: 2182:

Road and General Sullivan traveling south on the river's edge.

2023:

held off the British and gave cover while the army crossed the

1865: 1854: 1046:. In 1976, Washington was posthumously promoted to the rank of 25263: 16810: 16678:"Did George Washington 'Have a Couple of Things in His Past'?" 13133: 11769:"George Washington Didn't Have Wooden Teeth — They Were Ivory" 11392: 11390: 11289: 11287: 8542: 8530: 7490: 6641:"Enclosure V: Frederick County Poll Sheet, 1758, 24 July 1758" 4760: 4299:, a purgative, and extensive bloodletting which likely caused 3401:

Congress created executive departments in 1789, including the

2689:

in July 1780. French naval forces then landed, led by Admiral

2661:

In January 1780, Clinton assembled 12,500 troops and attacked

1679:

for the Fairfax County committee, including a call to end the

26105: 15432:

George Washington and Benedict Arnold: A Tale of Two Patriots

15320:

Washington's Revolution: The Making of America's First Leader

14151:

You Never Forget Your First: A Biography of George Washington

13420: 10132: 6522: 6520: 4669: 4503: 2955:

Scene at the Signing of the Constitution of the United States

2749: 2527:, who had distinguished himself in many campaigns, including 1555: 1554:

The marriage gave Washington control over Martha's one-third

1391:

In 1755, Washington served voluntarily as an aide to General

16550:"Where the Cherry Tree Grew: An Interview with Phillip Levy" 16066:"The Death of George Washington: An End to the Controversy?" 14761:

George Washington: Victory with the help of France, Volume 5

13248:"To George Washington from Joseph Willard, 28 February 1781" 11876: 11615: 11587: 11542: 10381: 9234: 9232: 6659: 5466:" ("the father of the country" or "the father of the land"). 5229:

List of Continental Forces in the American Revolutionary War

4731:

escaped from Mount Vernon to the North and was never found.

1450:

to capture Fort Duquesne. Washington disagreed with General

916:

Washington's first public office, from 1749 to 1750, was as

24875: 12921: 12694: 12651: 12464: 12201: 12078: 11705: 11387: 11363: 11284: 11180: 11043:

Quarterly Bulletin of the Archeological Society of Virginia

11015: 10120: 10108: 10008: 9887: 9559: 9217: 9104: 9006: 8910: 7982: 7954: 7869: 7713: 7638: 7394: 6768: 4295:

complicated by the treatments, including multiple doses of

2916: 2639:

and killed more than 200 frontiersmen, laying waste to the

1446:

In 1758, the Virginia Regiment was assigned to the British

26293:

Candidates in the 1792 United States presidential election

19910:

Declaration and Resolves of the First Continental Congress

15113:

The Winter Soldiers: The Battles for Trenton and Princeton

13528:"Sitting down with author and historian Colin G. Calloway" 13227: 12997: 12837: 12718: 12706: 12516: 11917: 11915: 11375: 9784: 8744: 8506: 7360: 7358: 7077:"Instructions from the Continental Congress, 22 June 1775" 6581:"To George Washington from Adam Stephen, 23 December 1755" 6517: 6211: 6147: 22534:

Declaration of the Causes and Necessity of Taking Up Arms

16478:"Heroic Treatment—Illness and Death of George Washington" 15598:

Washington's Spies: The Story of America's First Spy Ring

13091: 12296: 12294: 12267: 11060: 10203: 10163: 9547: 9229: 9205:"The Debates in the Several State Conventions: Vols. I-V" 8518: 7203: 7127: 6730: 6728: 5825: 5585: 5583: 5056:

Washington appears as one of four U.S. presidents on the

4768:, his personal secretary, that he found slavery repugnant 4707:, enslaved servant in Washington's presidential household 4151:

one of the most influential statements on republicanism.

3524:

At the same time, Washington signed a reenactment of the

3464:

His closest advisors formed two factions, portending the

2131:

The Capture of the Hessians at Trenton, December 26, 1776

1384:, an 1834 portrait of Washington on horseback during the 1216:

Lawrence Washington's service as adjutant general of the

30:"General Washington" redirects here. For other uses, see 15752:. Our Sustainable Future. University of Nebraska Press. 15509:

Henry Knox: Visionary General of the American Revolution

14491:

Jefferson and Hamilton: The Rivalry That Forged a Nation

10191: 8756: 8415: 7343: 7051:"Commission from the Continental Congress, 19 June 1775" 6159: 6101: 6099: 5987: 5963: 5951: 5853: 3970:, commissioned and named by President Washington in 1794 3878:

tribes as foreign nations, and Washington even smoked a

3666:

Jefferson's political actions, his support of Freneau's

2826:, he took formal possession of the city on November 25. 27:

Founding Father and first president of the United States

16652:"What George Washington Thought About the Constitution" 14673:

The Traitor and the Spy: Benedict Arnold and John André

14599:

George Washington in the American Revolution, 1775–1783

14577:

George Washington: the Forge of Experience, (1732–1775)

13616:

in time it also could be found in 121 postal addresses.

13507: 13495: 13432: 13321:"Washington is Now No. 1: The Story Behind a Promotion" 13274: 13079: 13067: 12985: 12504: 12326: 12324: 12155: 12153: 12138: 11912: 11900: 11888: 11864: 11442: 11402: 11323: 11311: 11152: 11084: 11072: 10923: 10728: 10688: 10640: 10608: 10459: 10457: 10455: 10321: 10309: 10281: 10269: 9944: 9932: 9648: 9636: 9535: 9368: 9356: 8978: 8946: 8854: 8705: 8618: 8578: 8427: 8207: 8179: 8124: 7942: 7914: 7681: 7434: 7406: 7355: 7331: 7227: 5722: 5720: 4182:

to run for Congress to weaken the Jeffersonian hold on

2279: 2051:

Howe's pursuit forced Washington to retreat across the

1211: 956:

in 1783 after the conclusion of the Revolutionary War.

22145: 15772:

American Revolutions: A Continental History, 1750–1804

15006:

George Washington and Slavery: A Documentary Portrayal

13450: 13009: 12873: 12849: 12730: 12533: 12531: 12476: 12436: 12424: 12291: 12126: 11717: 11647: 11351: 10987: 10424: 9738: 9736: 9626: 9624: 9622: 8866: 8606: 8566: 8494: 8391: 8167: 7797: 7626: 7522: 7478: 7239: 6983: 6971: 6915: 6780: 6756: 6725: 6683: 6671: 6351: 6171: 5580: 5460:

Der Gantz Neue Verbesserte Nord-Americanische Calendar

5097:

Presidents of the United States on U.S. postage stamps

4833:

Historical rankings of presidents of the United States

4462:, an 1870 print depicting Washington presiding over a 2802:

The following month, a Congressional committee led by

2252:

During his stay in Morristown, Washington ordered the

1439:, and again in January 1757 with Shirley's successor, 26047: 21534: 19988: 16852:

In Our Time: Washington & the American Revolution

16476:

Newton, R.S.; Freeman, Z.; Bickley, G., eds. (1858).

15869:. Da Capo Press, A Member of the Perseus Book Group. 14945:. Charlottesville, VA: University of Virginia Press. 14943:

First and Always: A New Portrait of George Washington

14716:

Journals of the Continental Congress, 1774–1789: 1774

14532: 14255:

Dalzell, Robert F. Jr.; Dalzell, Lee Baldwin (1998).

13262: 12973: 12861: 11454: 11299: 10963: 10913: 9956: 9298:"George Washington to Samuel Griffin, April 30, 1788" 9244: 8768: 8554: 8403: 8057: 7994: 7765: 7166: 6959: 6824: 6096: 6031: 5975: 5766: 5536: 5492: 5038:, the only U.S. state to be named after a president. 5034:, the capital of the United States, and the state of 3781:

The British agreed to abandon their forts around the

3521:, and the Act was passed overwhelmingly in Congress. 3487:

Washington proclaimed November 26, 1789, as a day of

2962:

depicting Washington as the presiding officer at the

2774:

George Washington's resignation as commander-in-chief

1744:

General Washington, Commander of the Continental Army

1698:

boycott of British goods instituted by the Congress.

26348:

Fellows of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences

24787:

Williams School of Commerce, Economics, and Politics

17610:

Washington's relations with the Iroquois Confederacy

16475: 16305:"Religion and the Founding of the American Republic" 15573:

Rasmussen, William M. S.; Tilton, Robert S. (1999).

14923:

Realistic Visionary: A Portrait of George Washington

14713:; Hunt, Gaillard; Fitzpatrick, John Clement (1904). 13922:

Responses of the Presidents to Charges of Misconduct

13343: 12321: 12229: 12150: 11466: 11420: 10716: 10452: 10333: 9980: 9523: 8482: 8219: 6903: 5717: 3536:, which sharply limited American involvement in the 3161: 2938: 1523:, the 27-year-old widow of wealthy plantation owner 1095:

George Washington was born on February 22, 1732, at

909:. Washington has thus become commonly known as the " 26253:

American military personnel of the Seven Years' War

18782: 16717:"George Washington Saw a Future for America: Mules" 15244:Lightner, Otto C.; Reeder, Pearl Ann, eds. (1953). 14792:Genovese, Michael A. (2009). Kazin, Michael (ed.). 14709: 14631:

George Washington: Anguish and Farewell (1793–1799)

12528: 11112: 9968: 9906:First Congress, Third Session (February 18, 1791). 9733: 9619: 6937: 4975: 4822: 4306: 4123:maintained that Washington's "Farewell Address was 4102:He closed the address by reflecting on his legacy: 3038: 1519:On January 6, 1759, Washington, at age 26, married 21412:Notes of Debates in the Federal Convention of 1787 17817:General George Washington Resigning His Commission 16575:"The Yorktown Tragedy: Washington's Slave Roundup" 16295:. Mount Vernon Ladies' Association. Archived from 15923:Washington, George (1888). Joseph M. Toner (ed.). 15901: 15862: 15831:. University Press of Virginia. pp. 114–138. 15639: 15574: 15530: 15201: 15132: 15003: 14746: 14574: 14466: 14443: 14352: 14329: 14256: 14231: 13979: 13963:. Center of Military History, United States Army. 13945: 13919: 13408: 9712: 8822:. Library of Congress. p. 343. Archived from 4719:In May 1796, Martha's personal and favorite slave 4394:with her grandchildren and an unnamed enslaved man 2784:General George Washington Resigning His Commission 2592:Southern theater of the American Revolutionary War 2538:In 1780, Arnold began supplying British spymaster 2077:George Washington's crossing of the Delaware River 2003:Howe's troop strength totaled 32,000 regulars and 1632:, he and other colonists were also angered by the 1467:Marriage, civilian, and political life (1755–1775) 1347:independent company of a hundred South Carolinians 24767: 16324:Morens, David M. (1999). "Death of a President". 15972:Willcox, William B.; Arnstein, Walter L. (1988). 12332:"The Growth of Mount Vernon's Enslaved Community" 6550:. Alexandria Historical Society. pp. 13–14. 4337:In 1830, a disgruntled ex-employee of the estate 3990:unanimously re-elected Washington president, and 2767: 1724: 1551:(Washy), along with numerous nieces and nephews. 1543:(Patsy), and later Jacky's two youngest children 26298:Chancellors of the College of William & Mary 26174: 25036:Chancellors of the College of William & Mary 17778:George Washington and the Revolutionary War Door 16015:—— (2001). Higginbotham, Don (ed.). 14610:George Washington and the New Nation (1783–1793) 13477:"Siena's 6th Presidential Expert Poll 1982–2018" 4444: 4334:65,000 acres of land in 37 different locations. 3983:nearing, Washington relented and agreed to run. 2585: 26398:People of Virginia in the French and Indian War 18715:Chancellor of the College of William & Mary 15971: 15638:Spalding, Matthew; Garrity, Patrick J. (1996). 15637: 15572: 14719:. Vol. 1. U.S. Government Printing Office. 14355:Founding Brothers: The Revolutionary Generation 14300: 13384:"Life, Literature and the Pursuit of Happiness" 12285: 11009: 10981: 10849: 10829: 10813: 10263: 10221: 10074: 9698: 7675: 7025: 6491: 5277:1 and March 25. For a further explanation, see 3050:Chancellor of the College of William & Mary 2696:Washington's army went into winter quarters at 1399:to expel the French from Fort Duquesne and the 1318:, with orders to confront French forces at the 246:Chancellor of the College of William & Mary 24491:George Washington Birthplace National Monument 23982:Intelligence in the American Revolutionary War 22132: 21423:Bibliography of the United States Constitution 17854:George Washington Taking the Salute at Trenton 17222:Initiated, co-wrote, 1769 Virginia Association 16495:"A Physician Looks At The Death of Washington" 16140:The Virginia Magazine of History and Biography 15459:. National Center for Constitutional Studies. 15243: 15155: 14254: 13296:. U.S. Army Center of Military History. 2017. 13139: 9905: 9261: 9259: 8972: 8695: 8536: 7836: 4590:convention of Virginia lodges asked him to be 4154: 3145:Washington dealt with major problems. The old 3055: 2341:rushed to Philadelphia to engage Howe. In the 2019:to acquire river craft. On August 30, General 1690:. There, he was selected as a delegate to the 1613:Opposition to the British Parliament and Crown 1459:soon afterwards and returned to Mount Vernon. 1285:George Washington in the French and Indian War 1131:inherited Little Hunting Creek and renamed it 26373:Members of the American Philosophical Society 26308:Commanding Generals of the United States Army 25808: 25249: 25019: 24753: 24572: 24148: 22118: 21520: 19974: 19441: 18768: 18744: 16905: 16691:"George Washington Was a Master of Deception" 16572: 15708:Our Struggle for the Fourteenth Colony, vol 2 15697:Our Struggle for the Fourteenth Colony, vol 1 15341:The Political Philosophy of George Washington 15186:"Tobias Lear to William Augustine Washington" 15077: 14812: 14403:The First of Men: A Life of George Washington 14281:George Washington and the American Revolution 12795:"George Washington's Last Will and Testament" 12044:"Letter to Richard Peters, September 7, 1788" 10917: 9334: 6402:"Did George Washington Have an Enslaved Son?" 4578:did not share the anti-clerical views of the 4329:at the entrance to their tomb in Mount Vernon 3604:Jefferson, meanwhile, became openly hostile. 3062:1788–1789 United States presidential election 2875:— George Washington in a letter to Lafayette. 2848: 2511:Military career of Benedict Arnold, 1777–1779 2451:, while Washington struggled with a devalued 2372:. On October 7, 1777, Burgoyne tried to take 2071:Crossing the Delaware, Trenton, and Princeton 1636:which banned American settlement west of the 26218:18th-century presidents of the United States 18544: 15899: 15796:. University Press of Virginia. p. 40. 15449: 15078:Jillson, Calvin C.; Wilson, Rick K. (1994). 14959: 14193:. Harvard University Press. pp. 77–79. 13451:Murray, Robert K.; Blessing, Tim H. (1994). 13252:National Archives and Records Administration 13155: 12803:National Archives and Records Administration 11799:"George Washington's false teeth not wooden" 11034:Breen, Eleanor E.; White, Esther C. (2006). 10499: 10387: 6774: 6072:"When Young George Washington Started a War" 5675:"The Rules of Civility and Decent Behaviour" 5079:are named in honor of Washington, including 4888:made him the symbol of their party, but the 4738: 4257:, arrived some hours after Washington died. 2903:Washington reactivated his interests in the 2669:. By June, they occupied the South Carolina 2387: 1623:George Washington in the American Revolution 1558:interest in the 18,000-acre (7,300 ha) 23095:Washington's crossing of the Delaware River 19455: 17527: 17275:1788–89 United States presidential election 16158: 15577:George Washington: The Man Behind the Myths 15313: 15250:. Lightner Publishing Company. p. 133. 14843:George Washington: A Biographical Companion 14565:. Vol. 19. Scribner. pp. 509–527. 14553: 14379:New Jersey in History: Fighting to Be Heard 12927: 12895: 12470: 11559: 11557: 11130: 10367: 10062: 9517: 9453: 9256: 8369: 7424: 7269: 7029: 7013: 6285: 6245: 6233: 6153: 5925: 5756: 4429:Washington was a talented equestrian, with 4413:Washington frequently suffered from severe 3998:on March 4, 1793, in the Senate Chamber of 3908:In 1790, Washington sent Brigadier General 3563:worked and resided until completion of the 2546:, a key American defensive position on the 2497:was Washington's last battle in the North. 2438:of 11,000 men went into winter quarters at 2368:, his most aggressive field commander, and 740:(promoted posthumously in 1976 by Congress) 258:April 30, 1788 – December 14, 1799 26363:Hall of Fame for Great Americans inductees 25815: 25801: 25256: 25242: 25026: 25012: 24760: 24746: 24579: 24565: 24155: 24141: 23972:African Americans in the Revolutionary War 22226:Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness 22125: 22111: 21527: 21513: 19981: 19967: 19448: 19434: 19410: 18775: 18761: 16912: 16898: 16844: 16521: 16450: 16398:(3). Cambridge University Press: 403–429. 15976:(Fifth ed.). D.C. Heath and Company. 15736: 15381: 15289: 15204:General George Washington: A Military Life 15001: 14987:. Princeton University Press. p. 92. 14186: 13825:(3rd ed.). Scribner. pp. 23–38. 13312: 12792: 12776: 12756: 12387: 12171: 12120: 12100: 12096: 12072: 12041: 12029: 12013: 11989: 11969: 11949: 11921: 11621: 11605: 11548: 11432: 11170: 11033: 9762: 9402: 9295: 8813: 8786: 7837:Burger, Joanna; Gochfeld, Michael (2000). 7496: 5728:"George Washington's Professional Surveys" 5591:"Ten Facts About Washington & Slavery" 5224:List of American Revolutionary War battles 3797: 3615: 3480:opposed Hamilton's agenda and founded the 2650:Washington's troops went into quarters at 2624:, which bolstered the British war effort. 2421:Washington Rallying the Troops at Monmouth 1929: 1169:Washington often visited Mount Vernon and 1091:, where Washington spent much of his youth 942:commander-in-chief of the Continental Army 322:September 5, 1774 – June 16, 1775 198:June 19, 1775 – December 23, 1783 144:July 13, 1798 – December 14, 1799 53: 26413:Signers of the United States Constitution 26383:People from Westmoreland County, Virginia 26223:18th-century United States Army personnel 18247:Washington–Rochambeau Revolutionary Route 17990:Washington and Jefferson National Forests 17721:Washington Monument (Boonsboro, Maryland) 16727: 16573:Urwin, Gregory J. W. (October 19, 2021). 16081: 15997:The Radicalism of the American Revolution 15883: 15484: 15260:George Washington's War on Native America 15096: 14919: 14900: 14863:George!: A Guide to All Things Washington 14207: 14172:(3rd ed.). Scribner. pp. 1–21. 12669: 12273: 12005: 11735: 9829: 9758: 9719:. Rowman & Littlefield. p. 133. 8345: 8317: 8269: 8253: 7843:. Rutgers University Press. p. 205. 7349: 7148:"Black Soldiers in the Revolutionary War" 5969: 4896:. Washington was elected a member of the 4630:in the economic and social fabric of the 3870:was Washington's peace emissary with the 3081: 2945:Constitutional Convention (United States) 2863: 2755:Afterwards, Washington moved the army to 1057: 21479:Scene at the Signing of the Constitution 18606:Senior Officer of the United States Army 17385:United States Capitol cornerstone laying 17247:Chairman, 1787 Constitutional Convention 16794:, and does not reflect subsequent edits. 16777: 16493:Vadakan, Vibul V. (Winter–Spring 2005). 16063: 15789: 15620:Slavery at the home of George Washington 15337: 15026: 14860: 14836: 14791: 14723: 14226: 14037: 14014: 13990: 13860: 13526:Ammerman, Cassandra (October 18, 2018). 13525: 13513: 13381: 13233: 13211:. Presidential Historians Survey. 2021. 12399: 12187: 12116: 12042:Washington, George (September 7, 1788). 11965: 11937: 11593: 11554: 11493:. The Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. 11460: 11146: 10475: 10430: 10351: 9593: 8940: 8421: 8051: 7364: 7257: 6851:. The Lehrman Institute. June 22, 2021. 6511: 6399: 5843: 4842: 4839:Cultural depictions of George Washington 4759: 4698: 4649: 4468:United States Capitol cornerstone laying 4454: 4376: 4349:. The crypt had been built by architect 4316: 4260:Brown initially believed Washington had 4221: 4197:". Washington wrote to Secretary of War 4059: 3958: 3947:in August 1795 opened two-thirds of the 3858: 3825: 3691: 3547: 3091: 2948: 2820:evacuation of British forces in New York 2777: 2759:where they remained stationed until the 2595: 2415: 2407:Washington and Lafayette at Valley Forge 2401: 2185:Washington ordered a 60-mile search for 2124: 2108: 2092: 1950: 1940: 1857:on July 2, 1775, to take command of the 1848: 1738: 1376: 1298: 1278: 1071: 132:Senior Officer of the United States Army 26323:Continental Army officers from Virginia 17575:Ford Mansion, Washington's headquarters 17467:John Rutledge Supreme Court nominations 17252:George Washington's political evolution 16517:from the original on December 16, 2005. 16492: 16187: 15947: 15715: 15616: 15528: 15473: 15188:. In Ford, Worthington Chauncey (ed.). 15109: 14744: 14669: 14648: 14627: 14606: 14569: 14508: 14487: 14464: 14441: 14420: 14396: 14124: 14103: 14079: 14058: 13940: 13910: 13703:from the original on September 14, 2019 13501: 13438: 13426: 13361: 13268: 13258:from the original on February 21, 2017. 13245: 13097: 13085: 13073: 13031: 12991: 12967: 12752: 12748: 12700: 12657: 12585: 12581: 12577: 12565: 12510: 12303:"The Founding Fathers Views of Slavery" 12235: 12223: 12219: 12207: 12195: 12191: 12183: 12144: 12112: 12084: 12068: 12025: 12001: 11985: 11961: 11945: 11933: 11906: 11894: 11882: 11870: 11858: 11766: 11723: 11711: 11699: 11695: 11653: 11641: 11637: 11633: 11609: 11516:Sauter, Michael B. (November 5, 2020). 11487:"How Did Washington Make His Millions?" 11484: 11472: 11448: 11408: 11396: 11369: 11345: 11341: 11329: 11317: 11293: 11274: 11228: 11186: 11174: 11158: 11102: 11090: 11078: 11021: 11005: 10949: 10941: 10929: 10897: 10881: 10865: 10845: 10841: 10778: 10766: 10762: 10746: 10734: 10706: 10678: 10674: 10658: 10646: 10634: 10630: 10626: 10614: 10602: 10598: 10594: 10566: 10550: 10511: 10491: 10442: 10399: 10375: 10327: 10315: 10287: 10275: 10181: 10169: 10153: 10126: 10114: 10102: 10090: 10042: 10030: 10026: 10014: 9998: 9950: 9938: 9893: 9774: 9754: 9686: 9666: 9654: 9642: 9613: 9609: 9565: 9541: 9513: 9497: 9485: 9469: 9465: 9449: 9390: 9386: 9374: 9362: 9350: 9346: 9223: 9186: 9174: 9170: 9158: 9154: 9138: 9126: 9110: 9098: 9094: 9028: 9024: 9012: 9000: 8996: 8984: 8968: 8964: 8952: 8936: 8932: 8928: 8916: 8900: 8888: 8860: 8844: 8723: 8711: 8699: 8675: 8624: 8600: 8584: 8445: 8433: 8381: 8305: 8289: 8281: 8249: 8213: 8201: 8185: 8142: 8130: 8114: 8110: 8098: 8094: 8043: 7988: 7976: 7972: 7960: 7948: 7936: 7920: 7875: 7815: 7791: 7787: 7783: 7755: 7751: 7739: 7735: 7731: 7719: 7703: 7699: 7687: 7660: 7656: 7644: 7620: 7616: 7588: 7544: 7508: 7472: 7452: 7440: 7412: 7400: 7384: 7376: 7337: 7325: 7305: 7293: 7281: 7261: 7233: 7184: 7146:Collins, Elizabeth M. (March 4, 2013). 7145: 7117: 7105: 7101: 7037: 7009: 6989: 6977: 6949: 6933: 6921: 6893: 6889: 6873: 6818: 6814: 6798: 6786: 6762: 6746: 6734: 6713:from the original on September 29, 2023 6689: 6665: 6507: 6495: 6479: 6461:from the original on September 21, 2023 6436: 6432: 6357: 6345: 6341: 6329: 6325: 6313: 6309: 6293: 6289: 6269: 6265: 6253: 6249: 6229: 6217: 6205: 6193: 6165: 6141: 6137: 6121: 6105: 6069: 6049: 6037: 6025: 6021: 6005: 5993: 5981: 5957: 5945: 5941: 5929: 5913: 5909: 5901: 5859: 5847: 5831: 5819: 5815: 5772: 5760: 5711: 5707: 5703: 5661: 5657: 5653: 5574: 5570: 5558: 5554: 5542: 5498: 5090: 4217: 2604:give final orders before launching the 2500: 2339:Gilbert du Motier, Marquis de Lafayette 1473:George Washington's political evolution 531: 89:April 30, 1789 – March 4, 1797 14: 26408:Signers of the Continental Association 26333:Respiratory disease deaths in Virginia 26175: 23977:Dogs in the American Revolutionary War 18357:(step-granddaughter, adopted daughter) 17656:Electoral history of George Washington 16730:"Did George Washington Burn New York?" 16728:Immerwahr, Daniel (January 31, 2023). 16688: 16676:Good, Cassandra (September 28, 2018). 16634: 16579:The Journal of the American Revolution 16389: 16352: 16323: 16311:from the original on November 18, 2019 16289:"George Washington's Farewell Address" 15845:from the original on November 19, 2019 15822: 15768: 15740:The Tomb of Washington at Mount Vernon 15660: 15558:. New York : Barnes & Noble. 15428: 15196: 15063: 15050: 14980: 14690: 14375: 13997:The Americans: The National Experience 13986:. Southern Methodist University Press. 13977: 13605:from the original on September 2, 2023 13396:from the original on December 31, 2023 13331:from the original on February 27, 2024 13318: 13159: 13027: 13015: 13003: 12963: 12959: 12943: 12939: 12915: 12911: 12907: 12891: 12879: 12855: 12843: 12831: 12780: 12764: 12736: 12724: 12712: 12639:from the original on February 27, 2024 12561: 12549: 12537: 12522: 12498: 12494: 12482: 12458: 12454: 12442: 12430: 12408:. Journal of the American Revolution. 12383: 12379: 12363: 12132: 12050:from the original on February 12, 2019 12009: 11981: 11809:from the original on December 25, 2023 11515: 11497:from the original on February 28, 2024 11436: 11381: 11357: 11256:from the original on December 13, 2018 11232: 10993: 10957: 10901: 10582: 10562: 10446: 10355: 9790: 9778: 9429: 9411:from the original on February 26, 2020 9326: 9202: 9142: 9122: 8904: 8872: 8750: 8679: 8612: 8572: 8512: 8500: 8397: 8365: 8353: 8333: 8309: 8285: 8173: 8025:from the original on February 29, 2024 7932: 7887: 7803: 7707: 7632: 7604: 7592: 7576: 7572: 7560: 7528: 7516: 7484: 7456: 7428: 7388: 7380: 7321: 7309: 7265: 7245: 7221: 7209: 7172: 7133: 7033: 7001: 6965: 6953: 6897: 6877: 6830: 6802: 6273: 5905: 5797:from the original on February 27, 2024 4982:List of memorials to George Washington 4645: 4626:In Washington's lifetime, slavery was 3043:In 1788, the Board of Visitors of the 2462:by his officers, led by Major General 2245:, while he received munition from the 1992:2 to lay siege to the city. After the 1705:broke out on April 19, 1775, with the 1158:, and became a talented draftsman and 1119:in 1734 before eventually settling in 1103:. He was the first of six children of 367:July 24, 1758 – June 24, 1775 26353:Founding Fathers of the United States 26328:Continental Congressmen from Virginia 25986:National symbols of the United States 25796: 25237: 25007: 24741: 24560: 24162: 24136: 23889: 23814: 23742: 23313: 22649: 22483:Letters from a Farmer in Pennsylvania 22144: 22106: 21508: 19962: 19429: 18756: 18743: 18543: 18319:Attempted theft of Washington's skull 18200:Founding Fathers of the United States 17023:Washington in the American Revolution 16919: 16893: 16885:Miller Center, University of Virginia 16662: 16649: 16560:from the original on November 6, 2018 16463:from the original on October 10, 2020 16286: 16137: 16106: 15933: 15857: 15747: 15674: 15477:George Washington: A Character Sketch 15054:The Life of George Washington, Vol. 5 14881: 14324: 14277: 14167: 13884: 13839: 13820: 13805: 13556: 13369: 13349: 13246:Willard, Joseph (February 28, 1781). 13151: 12979: 12947: 12867: 12827: 12760: 12682:from the original on January 19, 2022 12670:Blakemore, Erin (February 16, 2015). 12412:from the original on January 27, 2022 12367: 12300: 11941: 11861:, pp. 30, 290, 437–439, 642–643. 11840:from the original on January 10, 2024 11677:from the original on January 14, 2023 11305: 11066: 10969: 10953: 10945: 10885: 10869: 10853: 10817: 10750: 10722: 10710: 10694: 10682: 10662: 10578: 10546: 10463: 10412:from the original on October 26, 2018 10371: 10339: 10303: 10299: 10245:from the original on February 2, 2019 10209: 10086: 10058: 10046: 10002: 9986: 9974: 9962: 9920:from the original on October 18, 2014 9742: 9710: 9682: 9670: 9630: 9597: 9581: 9577: 9553: 9529: 9501: 9481: 9445: 9433: 9330: 9296:Washington, George (April 30, 1788). 9250: 9238: 9190: 9090: 9048: 9032: 8884: 8789:"Sentiments on a Peace Establishment" 8774: 8671: 8636: 8596: 8560: 8548: 8524: 8409: 8349: 8329: 8313: 8265: 8197: 8118: 8075: 8063: 8047: 8000: 7771: 7759: 7556: 7540: 7512: 7468: 7189:. Penguin Random House. p. 446. 7005: 6909: 6750: 6677: 6647:from the original on January 23, 2021 6526: 6297: 6189: 6177: 6133: 6117: 6057: 6053: 6009: 5738:from the original on November 6, 2018 5393:President of the Continental Congress 4898:American Academy of Arts and Sciences 4664:Washington owned and rented enslaved 4655:Washington the Farmer at Mount Vernon 4640:legal in all of the Thirteen Colonies 4618:Slavery in the colonial United States 3928:by tribal forces with few survivors. 3700:, before their march to suppress the 3031:. The final version was voted on and 2233:, which became the target of Colonel 1686:On August 1, Washington attended the 987:. He set enduring precedents for the 26433:Washington and Lee University people 26388:People of the American Enlightenment 26273:Surveyors from the Thirteen Colonies 26112: 24970: 24092:Daughters of the American Revolution 23890: 22442:Declaration of Rights and Grievances 19920:Journals of the Continental Congress 17975:Washington Masonic National Memorial 17803:General George Washington at Trenton 17661:Post-presidency of George Washington 17237:Court of Appeals in Cases of Capture 17028:Commander-in-chief, Continental Army 16701: 16675: 16556:. Mount Vernon Ladies' Association. 16459:. Mount Vernon Ladies' Association. 16434:. Mount Vernon Ladies' Association. 16241: 16212: 16200:from the original on October 2, 2020 16196:. Mount Vernon Ladies' Association. 16042:. Knopf Doubleday Publishing Group. 16035: 16014: 15900:Waldman, Carl; Braun, Molly (2009). 15623:. Mount Vernon Ladies' Association. 15595: 15555:Benedict Arnold: Patriot and Traitor 15505: 15480:. H. G. Campbell publishing Company. 15360: 15323:. Knopf Doubleday Publishing Group. 15256: 15222: 15180: 15130: 14770: 14131:. Diane Publishing. pp. 43–49. 14018:George Washington: Gentleman Warrior 13956: 13846:. Louisiana State University Press. 13771:from the original on August 30, 2023 13571:from the original on August 18, 2021 13414: 13365: 13280: 13215:from the original on August 22, 2021 13179:. Mount Vernon Ladies' Association. 13117:. Mount Vernon Ladies' Association. 13051:. Mount Vernon Ladies' Association. 12809:from the original on October 1, 2016 12635:. Mount Vernon Ladies' Association. 12605:. Mount Vernon Ladies' Association. 12338:. Mount Vernon Ladies' Association. 12159: 11836:. Mount Vernon Ladies' Association. 11738:"How George Washington Did His Hair" 11571:. Mount Vernon Ladies' Association. 11278: 11252:. Mount Vernon Ladies' Association. 11206:. Mount Vernon Ladies' Association. 11142: 11118: 11106: 10495: 10479: 10408:. Mount Vernon Ladies' Association. 10241:. Mount Vernon Ladies' Association. 10197: 10185: 10157: 10138: 9872:from the original on August 31, 2023 9802: 9068:. Mount Vernon Ladies' Association. 9044: 8848: 8762: 8691: 8488: 8385: 8293: 8237: 8225: 8012: 7902:from the original on January 5, 2024 7154:from the original on August 10, 2021 7121: 7057:from the original on August 15, 2020 6855:from the original on August 12, 2021 6709:. Mount Vernon Ladies' Association. 6617:. Mount Vernon Ladies' Association. 6538: 6381:from the original on October 9, 2021 6377:. Mount Vernon Ladies' Association. 5879:. Mount Vernon Ladies' Association. 5793:. Mount Vernon Ladies' Association. 5681:. Mount Vernon Ladies' Association. 5635:from the original on August 30, 2023 5631:. Mount Vernon Ladies' Association. 5524:from the original on August 30, 2023 4986:List of statues of George Washington 4451:Religious views of George Washington 4161:Post-presidency of George Washington 4056:George Washington's Farewell Address 3681: 3495: 2280:Brandywine, Germantown, and Saratoga 2161:Howe split up his army and posted a 1731:Military career of George Washington 1212:Colonial military career (1752–1758) 1150:. He learned mathematics, including 901:and then served as president of the 885:from 1789 to 1797. Appointed by the 873:(February 22, 1732 – 26313:Congressional Gold Medal recipients 26198:18th-century American Episcopalians 24087:Children of the American Revolution 23967:Timeline of the American Revolution 21446:Rotunda for the Charters of Freedom 20973:Incorporation of the Bill of Rights 19946:Rotunda for the Charters of Freedom 18314:George Washington Memorial Building 17380:Presidential Succession Act of 1792 16714: 16663:Lewis, Danny (September 22, 2016). 16585:from the original on March 20, 2022 16522:Wallenborn, White McKenzie (1999). 16438:from the original on April 21, 2018 15974:The Age of Aristocracy 1688 to 1830 15929:. Washington, D.C.: W. H. Morrison. 15033:Benjamin Franklin, an American Life 14234:George Washington: Man and Monument 14212:. Oxford: Oxford University Press. 14170:The Presidents: A Reference History 13823:The Presidents: A Reference History 13806:Adams, Randolph Greenfield (1928). 13641:from the original on March 22, 2022 13055:from the original on August 9, 2021 12793:Washington, George (July 7, 1799). 12400:Thompson, Mary V. (June 19, 2014). 12255:from the original on March 13, 2024 11779:from the original on April 24, 2024 11767:Schultz, Colin (November 7, 2014). 11748:from the original on April 30, 2024 11575:from the original on April 30, 2018 11530:from the original on March 20, 2023 11210:from the original on March 23, 2021 10914:Fishman, Pederson & Rozell 2001 9189:, pp. 520–521, 523, 526, 529; 7083:from the original on March 27, 2021 6557:from the original on April 23, 2021 6448: 5883:from the original on August 9, 2021 5391:Starting in 1774, 14 men served as 5234:Timeline of the American Revolution 5045:was dedicated. The 555-foot marble 4764:In 1794, Washington privately told 4585:A Masonic lodge was established in 4049: 3696:Washington reviews the troops near 3584:. The terms were legislated in the 3413:in September. Washington appointed 2808:Sentiments on a Peace Establishment 2360:, the Patriots were led by General 1030:, geographical locations including 983:while additionally sanctioning the 905:in 1787, which drafted the current 32:General Washington (disambiguation) 24: 26378:People from Mount Vernon, Virginia 26263:American people of English descent 26213:18th-century American male writers 25894: 25822: 24836:Washington and Lee Mock Convention 24366:John Thornton Augustine Washington 22748:European allies of King George III 22604:British credit crisis of 1772–1773 22539:Committee of Secret Correspondence 22201:No taxation without representation 20537:Drafting and ratification timeline 20282:District of Columbia Voting Rights 17980:George Washington Memorial Parkway 17970:Washington University in St. Louis 16764: 16650:Cohen, Andrew (November 1, 2011). 16599: 16536:from the original on July 22, 2020 15908:(3 ed.). Facts On File, Inc. 15904:Atlas of the North American Indian 15277:from the original on July 25, 2023 14884:George Washington, A Life in Books 14816:; Spalding, Matthew, eds. (1999). 13735:from the original on April 8, 2020 13728:Washington University in St. Louis 13673:from the original on June 12, 2024 13661:"Mount Rushmore National Memorial" 13483:from the original on July 19, 2019 13183:from the original on July 13, 2023 13121:from the original on July 17, 2020 12342:from the original on July 13, 2021 12309:from the original on April 6, 2021 11421:Newton, Freeman & Bickley 1858 10029:, pp. 515, 627–630, 648–650; 9308:from the original on June 11, 2021 9277:from the original on March 7, 2021 8730:. Smithsonian. pp. 194, 312. 7857:from the original on April 8, 2023 7840:25 Nature Spectacles in New Jersey 7742:, pp. 170, 232–234, 254, 405. 6084:from the original on March 1, 2024 5787:"Washington's Journey to Barbados" 5784: 5213:List of George Washington articles 5085:Washington University in St. Louis 5077:secondary schools and universities 4642:prior to the American Revolution. 4386:, a late 18th century portrait by 3837:depicting the final battle of the 3744: 3452: 2728:began, which is known now as the " 2153:, where Lee's replacement General 1838: 1142:in England, but he did attend the 948:, leading the British to sign the 442:, Virginia Colony, British America 36:George Washington (disambiguation) 25: 26454: 26248:American male non-fiction writers 26203:18th-century American politicians 24114:Museum of the American Revolution 19990:Constitution of the United States 17170:Resignation as commander-in-chief 16741: 16715:Coe, Alexis (February 12, 2020). 16689:Zegart, Amy (November 25, 2018). 15810:from the original on July 6, 2022 15793:In The Hands of a Good Providence 15600:. Random House Publishing Group. 15190:The Writings of George Washington 14652:Washington: The Indispensable Man 14332:His Excellency: George Washington 14210:Oxford Dictionary of Word Origins 13793:Bibliography of George Washington 13755:"Commemorating George Washington" 13538:from the original on June 9, 2020 13382:Delbanco, Andrew (July 4, 1999). 13300:from the original on May 29, 2021 12609:from the original on July 2, 2018 11827: 11736:Fessenden, Maris (June 9, 2015). 10105:, pp. 222, 283–284, 301–302. 9830:Finkelman, Paul (April 9, 2014). 9177:, pp. 218, 220–224, 520–526. 9072:from the original on July 9, 2021 8795:from the original on July 1, 2018 8155:from the original on May 27, 2024 8143:Trickey, Erick (April 26, 2017). 7888:Lawler, Andrew (April 16, 2020). 7816:Dryfoos, Delaney (July 5, 2018). 6938:Ford, Hunt & Fitzpatrick 1904 6587:from the original on May 13, 2021 6414:from the original on May 23, 2024 5685:from the original on May 21, 2024 5605:from the original on May 22, 2018 5257:Contemporaneous records used the 4745:Abolitionism in the United States 3559:, where both Washington and then 3162:Cabinet and executive departments 2939:Constitutional Convention of 1787 1577:regions, and he engaged surveyor 1565:At Washington's urging, Governor 1535:two raised Martha's two children 1014:Washington's image is an icon of 907:Constitution of the United States 26155: 26138: 26121: 26093: 26081: 26069: 26057: 25981:Mount Rushmore Anniversary coins 25265:Hall of Fame for Great Americans 24984: 24983: 24969: 24846:Old Dominion Athletic Conference 24799: 24639: 24186: 24002:Continental Currency dollar coin 23987:Women in the American Revolution 21660: 21653: 20393:Convention to propose amendments 19409: 19400: 19399: 18523: 18522: 18304:Mount Vernon Ladies' Association 18084:Mount Rushmore Anniversary coins 17789:Washington Crossing the Delaware 17227:Initiated, 1774 Fairfax Resolves 17062:New York and New Jersey campaign 16881:Scholarly coverage of Washington 16811:George Washington's Mount Vernon 16776: 16637:"The Father of the Pina Colada?" 16554:George Washington's Mount Vernon 16457:George Washington's Mount Vernon 16453:"George Washington and Religion" 16432:George Washington's Mount Vernon 16293:George Washington's Mount Vernon 16194:George Washington's Mount Vernon 16057: 16021:. University Press of Virginia. 15617:Schwarz, Philip J., ed. (2001). 15581:. University Press of Virginia. 15552:Randall, Willard Sterne (1990). 15529:Randall, Willard Sterne (1997). 15139:. Free Press. pp. 225–242. 15100:George Washington, The Christian 15073:. University of Wisconsin Press. 15010:. University of Missouri Press. 14966:. University Press of Virginia. 14926:. University Press of Virginia. 14903:Smallpox: The Death of a Disease 14777:. University of Oklahoma Press. 14563:Dictionary of American Biography 13982:George Washington & Religion 13948:The Federalist System, 1789–1801 13813:Dictionary of American Biography 13747: 13715: 13685: 13653: 13621: 13583: 13557:Hirsh, Michael (June 24, 2020). 13550: 13519: 13469: 13444: 13375: 13286: 13239: 13195: 13177:George Washington's Mount Vernon 13165: 13115:George Washington's Mount Vernon 13103: 13049:George Washington's Mount Vernon 13037: 12786: 12663: 12633:George Washington's Mount Vernon 12621: 12603:George Washington's Mount Vernon 12591: 12393: 12336:George Washington's Mount Vernon 12241: 12035: 11834:George Washington's Mount Vernon 11821: 11791: 11760: 11729: 11659: 11569:George Washington's Mount Vernon 11509: 11478: 11250:George Washington's Mount Vernon 11238: 11204:George Washington's Mount Vernon 11200:"The Death of George Washington" 11192: 11027: 10793:10.1111/j.0360-4918.2001.00180.x 10772: 10528:from the original on May 4, 2022 10505: 10406:George Washington's Mount Vernon 10393: 10239:George Washington's Mount Vernon 10227: 9899: 9850: 9823: 9796: 9715:Founding the American Presidency 9704: 9396: 9289: 9196: 9066:George Washington's Mount Vernon 9054: 8807: 8780: 8717: 8630: 8439: 8136: 8069: 8006: 7881: 7830: 7809: 6707:George Washington's Mount Vernon 6621:from the original on May 7, 2021 6615:George Washington's Mount Vernon 6400:Abramson, Jill (March 7, 2022). 6375:George Washington's Mount Vernon 5877:George Washington's Mount Vernon 5679:George Washington's Mount Vernon 5629:George Washington's Mount Vernon 5599:Mount Vernon Ladies' Association 5595:George Washington's Mount Vernon 5469: 5444: 5434: 5425: 5408: 5399: 5385: 5368: 5355: 5342: 5189: 5174: 5159: 5144: 5132: 5009: 4994: 4976:Places, namesakes, and monuments 4823:Historical reputation and legacy 4372: 4307:Burial, net worth, and aftermath 3882:and drank wine with them at the 3633: 3624: 3543: 3039:Chancellor of William & Mary 3015:On July 10, Washington wrote to 2174:(700), and the third by Colonel 2099:Washington Crossing the Delaware 1936:New York and New Jersey Campaign 1707:Battles of Lexington and Concord 1499: 1481: 1260:in the late 17th century by the 1248:, and other Iroquois chiefs, at 946:British in the Revolutionary War 831:New York and New Jersey campaign 620: 26403:Presidents of the United States 26238:American foreign policy writers 24264:Lawrence Washington (1718–1752) 24227:Lawrence Washington (1659–1698) 24178:Lawrence Washington (1602–1652) 24097:Sons of the American Revolution 18784:Presidents of the United States 17810:Washington at Verplanck's Point 17726:Washington Monument (Baltimore) 17595:President's House, Philadelphia 17432:State of the Union Address 1790 16816:The Papers of George Washington 16529:The Papers of George Washington 16326:New England Journal of Medicine 16252:The Journal of American History 15711:. New York: G.P. Putnam's Sons. 15704: 15700:. New York: G.P. Putnam's Sons. 15693: 13957:Bell, William Gardner (1992) . 13799: 13786: 13319:Kleber, Brooks E. (June 1978). 13045:"A Decision to Free His Slaves" 7178: 7139: 7069: 7043: 6695: 6633: 6603: 6573: 6532: 6442: 6393: 6363: 6070:Preston, David (October 2019). 6063: 5865: 5778: 5667: 5332: 5311: 5302: 5293: 5284: 4119:In 1839, Washington biographer 3759:Democratic-Republican Societies 3597:First Bank of the United States 3507:blacks were barred from serving 3122:administered the oath, using a 3088:Presidency of George Washington 2268: 1326:there. In May, having set up a 527: 26358:American free speech activists 26228:18th-century American planters 25885:Norbeck-Williamson Act of 1929 23997:Continental currency banknotes 23085:Staten Island Peace Conference 21008:Separation of church and state 18682:President of the United States 18349:George Washington Parke Custis 18282:American Philosophical Society 18044:America the Beautiful quarters 17888:George Washington on Horseback 17840:The Washington Family portrait 17187:Washington Before Boston Medal 16935:President of the United States 16862:Great Lives: George Washington 16215:The William and Mary Quarterly 16181:10.5309/willmaryquar.68.2.0247 16173:10.5309/willmaryquar.68.2.0247 16161:The William and Mary Quarterly 16018:George Washington Reconsidered 15829:George Washington Reconsidered 15827:. In Higginbotham, Don (ed.). 15263:. University of Nevada Press. 14963:George Washington Reconsidered 14798:. Princeton University Press. 14695:. University Press of Kansas. 14539:. Greenwood Publishing Group. 14208:Cresswell, Julia, ed. (2010). 14187:Craughwell, Thomas J. (2009). 13843:George Washington: A Biography 10781:Presidential Studies Quarterly 10677:, pp. 299, 304, 308–311; 10077:, pp. 240, 285, 290, 361. 9203:Elliot, Jonathan, ed. (1827). 8847:, pp. 446, 448–449, 451; 8639:The William and Mary Quarterly 8460:10.5250/amerindiquar.42.4.0427 8336:, pp. 306, 315, 319, 320. 6482:, pp. 9–10, 67–69, 80–81. 5617: 5504: 5325:'s, maintain (based on family 5251: 4867:president of the United States 4474:Washington was descended from 3954: 3110:on April 30, 1789, taking the 2835:resigned as commander-in-chief 2768:Demobilization and resignation 2349:failed against the British at 2298:In July 1777, British General 1725:Commander in chief (1775–1783) 1549:George Washington Parke Custis 1370:, later to become part of the 883:president of the United States 77:President of the United States 13: 1: 26278:British America army officers 26208:18th-century American writers 24887:Washington and Lee Law Review 24770:Washington and Lee University 24345:Lawrence Augustine Washington 23815: 22791:German supporters of Congress 22489:Massachusetts Circular Letter 20512:Virginia Ratifying Convention 18079:250th Anniversary half dollar 18039:D.C. and territories quarters 17860:Reception at Trenton painting 17651:Washington and Lee University 17620:James River and Kanawha Canal 17462:Federal judicial appointments 17077:Battle of the Assunpink Creek 16842:Biodiversity Heritage Library 16702:Wulf, Karin (April 7, 2020). 16635:Curtis, Wayne (May 1, 2006). 16307:. Library of Congress. 2011. 16110:Journal of the Early Republic 16064:Cheatham, Michael L. (2008). 15957:. Farrar, Straus and Giroux. 15775:. W.W. Norton & Company. 15667:The Life of George Washington 15485:Philbrick, Nathaniel (2016). 15453:; Allison, Andrew M. (1991). 15429:Palmer, Dave Richard (2010). 15338:Morrison, Jeffery H. (2009). 15110:Ketchum, Richard M. (1999) . 15082:. Stanford University Press. 14676:. Syracuse University Press. 14382:. Down the Shore Publishing. 14065:. W.W. Norton & Company. 13599:Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc. 12301:Maloy, Mark (April 6, 2021). 10235:"Honorary French Citizenship" 10033:, pp. 452, 463, 468–471. 9271:College of William & Mary 7296:, pp. 57, 160, 166, 201. 6449:Coe, Alexis (June 20, 2020). 5512:"The history of the calendar" 5486: 5279:Old Style and New Style dates 5267:Calendar (New Style) Act 1750 5123:nation's first postage stamps 4903:In 1879, Congress proclaimed 4612:George Washington and slavery 4580:controversial European lodges 4445:Religious and spiritual views 4313:Finances of George Washington 4165: 4095:published the final version. 4065:Washington's Farewell Address 3676:Hamilton–Reynolds sex scandal 3045:College of William & Mary 2586:Southern theater and Yorktown 2472:Friedrich Wilhelm von Steuben 2085:Battle of the Assunpink Creek 1916:secure the Dorchester Heights 1183:College of William & Mary 1101:Westmoreland County, Virginia 60: 24446:Washington family residences 24407:Benjamin Franklin Washington 24330:William Augustine Washington 22472:Committees of correspondence 21473:National Constitution Center 21271:Daniel of St. Thomas Jenifer 20570:Assemble and Petition Clause 18351:(step-grandson, adopted son) 17965:George Washington University 17824:Surrender of Lord Cornwallis 17715:The Apotheosis of Washington 17314:Cabinet of the United States 17242:1785 Mount Vernon Conference 16625:Resources in other libraries 16482:The Eclectic Medical Journal 15737:Strickland, William (1840). 15257:Mann, Barbara Alice (2008). 14920:Henriques, Peter R. (2006). 14125:Coakley, Robert W. (1996) . 12898:, pp. 273–274, 284–285. 10512:Maulden, Kristopher (2016). 8240:, pp. 75, 224, 258–261. 5420:The Eclectic Medical Journal 5183:Presidential one-dollar coin 5107:Presidential one-dollar coin 5081:George Washington University 4622:Slavery in the United States 4009:On April 22, 1793, when the 3468:. Secretary of the Treasury 3168:Cabinet of the United States 3124:Bible provided by the Masons 3033:signed by 39 of 55 delegates 2663:Charles Town, South Carolina 2427:depicting Washington at the 1883:, he set up headquarters in 1765:nominated Washington as its 1309:Fayette County, Pennsylvania 688:1775–1783 (Continental Army) 685:1752–1758 (Virginia Militia) 7: 26423:United States Army generals 26338:Episcopalians from Virginia 25960:Black Hills of South Dakota 24841:Washington and Lee Generals 24109:Charters of Freedom Rotunda 23314: 23140:Pennsylvania Mutiny of 1783 23125:Pennsylvania Mutiny of 1781 22899:Capture of Fort Ticonderoga 22554:Declaration of Independence 22519:Second Continental Congress 21344:Charles Cotesworth Pinckney 20398:State ratifying conventions 20335:Equal Opportunity to Govern 20330:Electoral College abolition 20257:Congressional Apportionment 18637:Virginia House of Burgesses 17796:The Passage of the Delaware 17590:Second Presidential Mansion 16958:Second Continental Congress 16451:Tsakiridis, George (2018). 16392:Journal of American Studies 16355:Journal of American Studies 16338:10.1056/NEJM199912093412413 16188:Immekus, Alexander (2018). 15166:. American Heritage Press. 15097:Johnstone, William (1919). 15051:Irving, Washington (1857). 14886:. Oxford University Press. 14518:. Oxford University Press. 14450:. Oxford University Press. 14427:. Oxford University Press. 14406:. Oxford University Press. 14310:. Oxford University Press. 14304:; McKitrick, Eric (1995) . 14263:. Oxford University Press. 14044:. Oxford University Press. 14038:Calloway, Colin G. (2018). 13810:. In Johnson, Allen (ed.). 13534:. Oxford University Press. 12286:Willcox & Arnstein 1988 11485:Gardner, Andrew G. (2013). 11049:(4): 209–20. Archived from 11010:Spalding & Garrity 1996 10982:Spalding & Garrity 1996 10850:Spalding & Garrity 1996 10830:Spalding & Garrity 1996 10814:Spalding & Garrity 1996 10264:Elkins & McKitrick 1995 10222:Elkins & McKitrick 1995 10075:Elkins & McKitrick 1995 9699:Elkins & McKitrick 1995 9403:Washington, George (1789). 8814:Washington, George (1799). 8787:Washington, George (1783). 7676:Willcox & Arnstein 1988 7026:Rasmussen & Tilton 1999 6492:Rasmussen & Tilton 1999 5206: 4829:Legacy of George Washington 4155:Post-presidency (1797–1799) 4133:Declaration of Independence 3097:President George Washington 3056:First presidential election 3023:, such as anti-federalists 2716: 2318:, including control of the 2312:recaptured Fort Ticonderoga 2115:The Passage of the Delaware 1994:Declaration of Independence 1715:Second Continental Congress 1339:Joseph Coulon de Jumonville 938:Virginia House of Burgesses 887:Second Continental Congress 354:Virginia House of Burgesses 18:President George Washington 10: 26459: 26368:House of Burgesses members 26008:2020 fireworks celebration 25547:Henry Wadsworth Longfellow 24881:Lee Family Digital Archive 24279:Elizabeth Washington Lewis 23992:Financial costs of the war 22499:First Continental Congress 22350:Royal Proclamation of 1763 22295:Second Rockingham ministry 22134:American Revolutionary War 19905:First Continental Congress 18567:Commander in Chief of the 18385:Elizabeth Washington Lewis 18012:Washington–Franklin Issues 17585:First Presidential Mansion 17390:Proclamation of Neutrality 17292:1792 presidential election 16968:First Continental Congress 16946:Commander-in-Chief of the 16941:Senior Officer of the Army 16838:Works by George Washington 16829:Works by George Washington 16532:. University of Virginia. 16083:10.1177/000313480807400821 15722:. Llewellyn Publications. 15406:Nowlan, Robert A. (2014). 15002:Hirschfeld, Fritz (1997). 14960:Higginbotham, Don (2001). 14901:Henderson, Donald (2009). 14727:Washington at Valley Forge 14724:Freedman, Russell (2008). 14711:Ford, Worthington Chauncey 14561:. In Malone, Dumas (ed.). 14376:Farner, Thomas P. (1996). 14015:Brumwell, Stephen (2012). 13790: 13140:Lightner & Reeder 1953 9809:. Peter Lang. p. 37. 9711:Ellis, Richard J. (1999). 8973:Dalzell & Dalzell 1998 8931:, pp. 444, 461, 498; 8696:Lancaster & Plumb 1985 8537:Lancaster & Plumb 1985 8113:, pp. 342, 356, 359; 5734:. U.S. National Archives. 5210: 5094: 5041:On February 21, 1885, the 4979: 4836: 4826: 4742: 4703:Runaway advertisement for 4615: 4609: 4605: 4543:his private correspondence 4482:, whose troubles with the 4466:meeting just prior to the 4460:Washington as Master Mason 4448: 4357:by the British during the 4310: 4227:Washington on his Deathbed 4158: 4053: 4042:, forcing Knox to resign. 3986:On February 13, 1793, the 3815: 3801: 3685: 3165: 3085: 3059: 2942: 2852: 2849:Early republic (1783–1789) 2771: 2720: 2589: 2504: 2391: 2306:south from Quebec through 2283: 2272: 2074: 1944: 1933: 1842: 1735:Washington's aides-de-camp 1728: 1703:American Revolutionary War 1692:First Continental Congress 1634:Royal Proclamation of 1763 1616: 1470: 1361:In the aftermath, Colonel 1288: 1282: 1189:appointed him surveyor of 1061: 1050:, the highest rank in the 997:peaceful transfer of power 899:American Revolutionary War 821:American Revolutionary War 29: 26438:Washington College people 26318:Continental Army generals 26258:American militia officers 25994: 25968: 25952: 25936: 25905: 25892: 25841: 25830: 25487:Oliver Wendell Holmes Jr. 25482:Oliver Wendell Holmes Sr. 25272: 25043: 24965: 24934: 24903: 24861: 24808: 24797: 24777: 24704: 24673: 24650:Secretary of the Treasury 24648: 24637: 24602: 24441: 24425: 24397:Lawrence Berry Washington 24389: 24358: 24350:George William Washington 24340:George Steptoe Washington 24322: 24289:John Augustine Washington 24256: 24235: 24219: 24203: 24184: 24170: 23959: 23928: 23904: 23900: 23885: 23846:Constitutional Convention 23826:Society of the Cincinnati 23821: 23810: 23735: 23630: 23474: 23467: 23412: 23331: 23324: 23320: 23309: 23266: 23188: 23174: 23148: 23115:Carlisle Peace Commission 23077: 22949:Siege of Fort Ticonderoga 22878: 22803: 22756: 22723: 22686: 22679: 22675: 22645: 22614:Hutchinson letters affair 22581: 22564:Articles of Confederation 22424: 22411:Proclamation of Rebellion 22323: 22275:First Rockingham ministry 22252: 22219:All men are created equal 22158: 22154: 22140: 21892: 21669: 21651: 21543: 21431: 21403: 21383: 21362: 21331: 21305: 21284: 21258: 21222: 21171: 21140: 21124: 21103: 21082: 21061: 21045: 21036: 20915: 20797:Privileges and Immunities 20610:Congressional enforcement 20545: 20532:Rhode Island ratification 20423:Articles of Confederation 20410: 20388: 20365:Parental Rights amendment 20290: 20247: 20172: 20144: 20123: 20060: 20056: 20047: 19996: 19933: 19882: 19842: 19816: 19775: 19744: 19718: 19672: 19636: 19585: 19559: 19538: 19507: 19486: 19470: 19463: 19395: 19267: 18790: 18750: 18745:Links to related articles 18721: 18712: 18703: 18698: 18688: 18679: 18669: 18655: 18650: 18633: 18627: 18622: 18612: 18603: 18595: 18575: 18565: 18555: 18550: 18508: 18442: 18327: 18177: 18147:The War that Made America 17875:Princeton Battle Monument 17669: 17641:Society of the Cincinnati 17639:President General of the 17520: 17477: 17422:Thanksgiving Proclamation 17329:Secretary of the Treasury 17260: 17210: 17038:Washington's headquarters 17011:Battle of the Monongahela 16977: 16927: 16620:Resources in your library 16404:10.1017/S0021875805000599 16367:10.1017/S0021875899006398 15705:Smith, Justin H. (1907). 15533:George Washington: A Life 14691:Frazer, Gregg L. (2012). 12751:, pp. 319, 348–349; 12564:, pp. 282, 283–285; 10918:Gregg & Spalding 1999 10597:, pp. 674–675, 678; 10400:Harless, Richard (2018). 9858:"The Northwest Ordinance" 9836:. Routledge. p. 77. 9335:Jillson & Wilson 1994 8678:, pp. 372–373, 418; 8448:American Indian Quarterly 8308:, pp. 378, 380–381; 8013:Gelb, Norman (May 2003). 7734:, pp. 270, 275–276; 6539:Bish, Jim (Spring 2010). 5791:Washington's Mount Vernon 5520:. No. January 2014. 5323:John Augustine Washington 4848:Washington, the Constable 4739:Abolition and manumission 4725:Portsmouth, New Hampshire 4594:of the newly established 4191:French Revolutionary Wars 4178:and convinced Federalist 4092:American Daily Advertiser 4070:American Daily Advertiser 4011:French Revolutionary Wars 3951:for American settlement. 3808:Treaty of New York (1790) 3751:French Revolutionary Wars 3698:Fort Cumberland, Maryland 3503:naturalization was denied 3443:Secretary of the Treasury 3360: 3356: 3317: 3313: 3288:Secretary of the Treasury 3286: 3282: 3230: 3226: 3207: 3190: 3174: 2973:Articles of Confederation 2964:Constitutional Convention 2859:Articles of Confederation 2843:Society of the Cincinnati 2703:Articles of Confederation 2645:Northeastern Pennsylvania 2388:Valley Forge and Monmouth 1904:Knox with heavy artillery 1688:First Virginia Convention 1489:Colonel George Washington 1386:Battle of the Monongahela 1191:Culpeper County, Virginia 1089:Stafford County, Virginia 961:Articles of Confederation 903:Constitutional Convention 897:forces to victory in the 864: 809:Battle of the Monongahela 794:Battle of Jumonville Glen 769: 747: 698: 678: 652: 633: 628: 616: 595: 572: 562: 541: 512: 502: 463: 446: 429: 424: 420: 393: 381: 371: 360: 350: 338: 326: 315: 298: 285: 272: 262: 251: 243: 226: 214: 202: 191: 180: 168: 156: 148: 137: 129: 117: 105: 93: 82: 74: 70: 52: 45: 25672:William Tecumseh Sherman 25362:George Washington Carver 24852:Washington and Lee Swing 24381:Peter Grayson Washington 24371:George Corbin Washington 24269:Augustine Washington Jr. 23110:Entry of France into war 22725:Kingdom of Great Britain 21028:Unitary executive theory 20802:Privileges or Immunities 20517:New York Circular Letter 20507:Massachusetts Compromise 18545:Offices and distinctions 18379:Augustine Washington Jr. 18139:Turn: Washington's Spies 17985:George Washington Bridge 17630:Congressional Gold Medal 17309:Title of "Mr. President" 17043:office and sleeping tent 17006:Battle of Fort Necessity 16499:The Early America Review 15823:Twohig, Dorothy (2001). 15694:Smith, Justin H (1907). 15596:Rose, Alexander (2006). 15474:Parsons, Eugene (1898). 15299:. Simon & Schuster. 14981:Hindle, Brooke (2017) . 14882:Hayes, Kevin J. (2017). 14764:. Eyre and Spottiswoode. 13978:Boller, Paul F. (1963). 13952:. Harper & Brothers. 13723:"History and Traditions" 13156:Parry & Allison 1991 12552:, pp. 283, 285–286. 12386:, pp. 405, 407 n7; 10500:Waldman & Braun 2009 10402:"Native American Policy" 10388:Waldman & Braun 2009 10141:, pp. 567–568, 570. 8891:, pp. 451–452, 455. 8724:Fleming, Thomas (2007). 8551:, pp. 197–199, 206. 7607:, pp. 166–167, 169. 7391:, pp. 144, 153–154. 7284:, pp. 112–113, 116. 7224:, pp. 121–122, 143. 7185:Roberts, Andrew (2021). 6548:The Alexandria Chronicle 6256:, pp. 194, 206–207. 6208:, pp. 31–32, 38–39. 5625:"Owners of Mount Vernon" 5261:Julian calendar and the 5244: 5139:Washington issue of 1862 4937:Douglas Southall Freeman 4638:as a state. Slavery was 4587:Fredericksburg, Virginia 4506:. He referred to God in 4417:and ultimately lost all 3941:Battle of Fallen Timbers 3914:Northwestern Confederacy 3872:Northwestern Confederacy 3831:Battle of Fallen Timbers 3769:Hamilton formulated the 3482:Jeffersonian Republicans 2737:Battle of the Chesapeake 2600:Generals Washington and 2061:captured Fort Washington 1647:Washington believed the 1305:Battle of Fort Necessity 1125:Fredericksburg, Virginia 1028:various media depictions 999:, the use of the title " 893:in 1775, Washington led 877:, 1799) was an American 799:Battle of Fort Necessity 603:Congressional Gold Medal 433:February 22, 1732 [ 26393:People of the Quasi-War 26283:Burials at Mount Vernon 26013:Mount Rushmore Syndrome 25752:John Greenleaf Whittier 25367:William Ellery Channing 23841:Ratification Day (1784) 23166:Second Anglo-Mysore War 22850:Northern after Saratoga 22830:New York and New Jersey 22504:Continental Association 22401:Conciliatory Resolution 22260:Pitt–Newcastle ministry 22233:Consent of the governed 20948:Dormant Commerce Clause 20792:Presidential succession 20527:Fayetteville Convention 20522:Hillsborough Convention 20458:Three-fifths Compromise 20438:Philadelphia Convention 20428:Mount Vernon Conference 20315:Campaign finance reform 19457:Continental Association 18429:(2nd great-grandfather) 18049:American Women quarters 17955:Washington, D.C. statue 17870:Trenton Battle Monument 17846:Washington at Princeton 17538:Ferry Farm boyhood home 17412:Slave Trade Act of 1794 17346:Oath Administration Act 17232:Continental Association 17175:Badge of Military Merit 17067:Delaware River crossing 16242:—— (1972). 15790:Thompson, Mary (2008). 15537:. Henry Holt & Co. 15163:The American Revolution 15131:—— (1975). 15057:. G. P. Putnam and Son. 14941:—— (2020). 14861:—— (2005). 14758:—— (1952). 14670:—— (1991). 14649:—— (1974). 14628:—— (1972). 14607:—— (1969). 14596:—— (1967). 14488:—— (2013). 14465:—— (2009). 14442:—— (2007). 14421:—— (2002). 14351:—— (2000). 14190:Stealing Lincoln's Body 14104:—— (2010). 14059:Carlson, Brady (2016). 13840:Alden, John R. (1996). 13765:Smithsonian Institution 13693:"A Brief History of GW" 13173:"Father of His Country" 11133:, p. 474, vol. 36. 5196:Washington on the 2009 5060:, a colossal statue by 4596:Grand Lodge of Virginia 4176:Alien and Sedition Acts 3835:Rufus Fairchild Zogbaum 3798:Native American affairs 3616:Jefferson–Hamilton feud 3534:Slave Trade Act of 1794 3509:in state militias; the 3421:as Postmaster General, 3035:on September 17, 1787. 2960:Howard Chandler Christy 2453:American paper currency 2217:on British regulars at 2145:Washington crossed the 2138:portrait depicting the 1930:New York and New Jersey 1853:Washington arriving in 1696:Continental Association 1667:in 1774 by passing the 1521:Martha Dandridge Custis 1507:Martha Dandridge Custis 1419:subsequent operations. 954:resigned his commission 487:38.707889°N 77.086083°W 437:February 11, 1731] 26233:American cartographers 25944:Lincoln Borglum Museum 25899: 25737:James McNeill Whistler 25667:Augustus Saint-Gaudens 25582:Matthew Fontaine Maury 24102:Sons of the Revolution 23831:Treaty of Paris (1783) 23161:Fourth Anglo-Dutch War 23156:Cherokee–American wars 22769:Franco-American Treaty 22624:Philadelphia Tea Party 22594:Treaty of Paris (1763) 22573:Confederation Congress 22166:American Enlightenment 21111:William Samuel Johnson 20983:Nondelegation doctrine 20555:Admission to the Union 20502:Anti-Federalist Papers 20453:Connecticut Compromise 18882:William Henry Harrison 17995:Washington Square Park 17783:Revolutionary War Door 17600:Germantown White House 17502:Washington and slavery 17395:Neutrality Act of 1794 16772: 16748:Listen to this article 16282:on September 24, 2015. 15893:. Garden City Pub. Co. 15716:Stavish, Mark (2007). 15675:Sobel, Robert (1968). 15512:. St. Martin's Press. 15435:. Simon and Schuster. 15385:; Novak, Jana (2007). 15367:. St. Martin's Press. 15361:Nagy, John A. (2016). 15036:. Simon and Schuster. 14838:Grizzard, Frank E. Jr. 14771:Gaff, Alan D. (2004). 14510:Fischer, David Hackett 14021:. Quercus Publishers. 13894:. Simon and Schuster. 13760:National Postal Museum 12172:Novak & Novak 2007 12097:Novak & Novak 2007 9803:Rowe, Jill E. (2016). 9763:Novak & Novak 2007 9213:. Published by editor. 8015:"Winter of Discontent" 5049:, which stands on the 4969: 4854: 4769: 4708: 4661: 4657:, an 1851 portrait by 4508:American Enlightenment 4471: 4395: 4330: 4325:of George (right) and 4247:Gustavus Richard Brown 4233: 4229:, an 1851 portrait by 4113: 4074: 4013:broke out, Washington 3971: 3874: 3841: 3833:, an 1896 portrait by 3794:with prospective war. 3708: 3609:first financial crisis 3568: 3175:The Washington cabinet 3103: 3082:Presidency (1789–1797) 2967: 2872: 2864:Return to Mount Vernon 2791: 2787:, an 1824 portrait by 2652:Morristown, New Jersey 2613: 2529:his invasion of Quebec 2431: 2423:, an 1854 portrait by 2413: 2330:to join Burgoyne near 2243:Morristown, New Jersey 2142: 2122: 2118:, an 1819 portrait by 2106: 2102:, an 1851 portrait by 1962: 1958:, an 1858 painting by 1861: 1825:Treaty of Paris (1783) 1750: 1683:, which were adopted. 1388: 1382:Washington the Soldier 1311: 1140:Appleby Grammar School 1092: 1058:Early life (1732–1752) 981:a policy of neutrality 467:Mount Vernon, Virginia 26428:Virginia Independents 26343:Farmers from Virginia 26268:American slave owners 25898: 25883:(political promoter, 25687:Harriet Beecher Stowe 25657:Franklin D. Roosevelt 25387:James Fenimore Cooper 25347:William Cullen Bryant 25322:Alexander Graham Bell 24921:University presidents 24511:Mary Washington House 24412:William D. Washington 24376:Bushrod C. Washington 24309:Bailey Washington Jr. 24047:Washington's Birthday 23852:The Federalist Papers 23836:Evacuation Day (1783) 22889:Lexington and Concord 22589:French and Indian War 22529:Olive Branch Petition 21318:Richard Dobbs Spaight 20787:Presidential Electors 20762:Original Jurisdiction 20702:Full Faith and Credit 20575:Assistance of Counsel 20496:The Federalist Papers 20325:Crittenden Compromise 19471:President of Congress 19112:Franklin D. Roosevelt 18309:Mount Vernon replicas 18267:General of the Armies 18242:Washington's Crossing 18074:Washington half eagle 17704:Washington's Birthday 17625:Mountain Road Lottery 17492:The Washington Papers 17341:Judiciary Act of 1789 17104:Battle of White Marsh 17089:Philadelphia campaign 16996:French and Indian War 16771: 16287:Lurie, Shira (2018). 16036:Wulf, Andrea (2012). 15769:Taylor, Alan (2016). 15748:Subak, Susan (2018). 15223:Levy, Philip (2013). 15103:. The Abingdon Press. 14571:Flexner, James Thomas 14515:Washington's Crossing 14307:The Age of Federalism 14278:Davis, Burke (1975). 13942:Bassett, John Spencer 13666:National Park Service 13634:National Park Service 13629:"Washington Monument" 13429:, pp. xviii–xix. 13030:, pp. 1404–405; 12946:, pp. 290, 299; 12194:, pp. XIX, XXI; 12186:, pp. 132, 500; 12174:, p. 117, n. 52. 12004:, pp. 131, 470; 11988:, pp. 119, 132; 11671:founders.archives.gov 11439:, pp. 1845–1849. 11235:, pp. 1845–1849. 11056:on December 24, 2011. 10184:, pp. 721, 726; 9757:, pp. 585, 609; 9062:"Royal Gift (Donkey)" 8674:, pp. 198, 201; 8050:, pp. 165, 167; 6849:"The Pursuit of Land" 6801:, pp. 137, 148; 6668:, pp. 49–54, 68. 6529:, pp. 41–42, 48. 6276:, pp. 75–76, 81. 5916:, pp. 26–27, 31. 5850:, pp. 26–27, 31. 5239:The Washington Papers 5211:Further information: 5095:Further information: 4980:Further information: 4964: 4941:David Hackett Fischer 4921:General of the Armies 4913:American Bicentennial 4905:Washington's Birthday 4900:on January 31, 1781. 4850:, a 1797 portrait by 4846: 4827:Further information: 4763: 4714:Slavery Abolition Act 4702: 4659:Junius Brutus Stearns 4653: 4616:Further information: 4548:Book of Common Prayer 4470:on September 18, 1793 4458: 4390:depicting George and 4383:The Washington Family 4380: 4355:Burning of Washington 4347:United States Capitol 4320: 4231:Junius Brutus Stearns 4225: 4159:Further information: 4143:. In 2010, historian 4125:printed and published 4104: 4073:on September 19, 1796 4063: 4015:issued a proclamation 3962: 3899:Alexander McGillivray 3862: 3829: 3816:Further information: 3695: 3551: 3519:Fugitive Slave Clause 3505:to black immigrants; 3417:as Attorney General, 3099:, a 1795 portrait by 3095: 2958:, a 1940 portrait by 2952: 2919:after being gifted a 2868: 2853:Further information: 2781: 2757:New Windsor, New York 2698:New Windsor, New York 2687:Newport, Rhode Island 2631:warriors joined with 2599: 2419: 2409:, a 1907 portrait by 2405: 2275:Philadelphia campaign 2239:Jacob Arnold's Tavern 2128: 2112: 2096: 2013:Battle of Long Island 1956:Battle of Long Island 1954: 1947:Battle of Long Island 1941:Battle of Long Island 1881:Battle of Bunker Hill 1852: 1748:Charles Willson Peale 1746:, a 1776 portrait by 1742: 1729:Further information: 1630:proper representation 1617:Further information: 1509:, a 1757 portrait by 1493:Charles Willson Peale 1491:, a 1772 portrait by 1380: 1368:French and Indian War 1302: 1291:French and Indian War 1289:Further information: 1279:French and Indian War 1075: 1062:Further information: 1048:general of the Armies 1020:has been memorialized 934:French and Indian War 911:Father of his Country 836:Philadelphia campaign 789:French and Indian War 738:General of the Armies 691:1798–1799 (U.S. Army) 679:Years of service 492:38.707889; -77.086083 25859:(assistant sculptor) 25717:Booker T. Washington 25627:Alice Freeman Palmer 25607:William T. G. Morton 25552:James Russell Lowell 24433:W. Selden Washington 24243:Augustine Washington 24052:Jefferson's Birthday 24042:Pulaski Memorial Day 23049:Guilford Court House 22700:Continental Congress 22477:Committees of safety 22452:Daughters of Liberty 22447:Virginia Association 22196:Rights of Englishmen 21894:Vice Chiefs of Staff 21487:A More Perfect Union 21463:Constitution Gardens 21384:Convention Secretary 21046:Convention President 21018:Symmetric federalism 21013:Separation of powers 20747:Necessary and Proper 20742:Natural-born citizen 20687:Freedom of the Press 20625:Copyright and Patent 20615:Contingent Elections 20433:Annapolis Convention 19890:Virginia Association 19757:Thomas Johnson, Junr 19132:Dwight D. Eisenhower 18663:Continental Congress 18367:Mary Ball Washington 18361:Augustine Washington 18355:Eleanor Parke Custis 18232:Cherry-tree anecdote 18115:A More Perfect Union 18064:Silver bullion coins 17923:New York City statue 17487:Presidential library 17361:Militia Acts of 1792 17302:Reception at Trenton 17099:Battle of Germantown 17094:Battle of Brandywine 16803:More spoken articles 14905:. Prometheus Books. 14559:"Washington, George" 14555:Fitzpatrick, John C. 14494:. Bloomsbury Press. 14473:. Bloomsbury Press. 13364:, pp. 813–814; 13154:, pp. 236–237; 12962:, pp. 126–127; 12942:, pp. 126–127; 12910:, pp. 122–123; 12894:, pp. 418–419; 12799:founders.archive.gov 12501:, pp. 283, 289. 12497:, pp. 122–123; 12406:allthingsliberty.com 12382:, pp. 279–280; 12115:, pp. 131–132; 12012:, pp. 201–203; 11984:, pp. 198–199; 11885:, pp. 124, 469. 11805:. January 27, 2005. 11640:, pp. 34, 436; 11344:, pp. 401–402; 11277:, pp. 806–807; 11231:, pp. 806–810; 11145:, pp. 225–242; 11105:, pp. 376–377; 10952:, pp. 292–297; 10916:, pp. 119–120; 10848:, pp. 752–753; 10765:, pp. 491–492; 10749:, pp. 726–727; 10637:, pp. 675, 678. 10494:, pp. 667–678; 10478:, pp. 256–257; 10302:, pp. 393–422; 10156:, pp. 719–721; 9669:, pp. 281–282; 9612:, pp. 696–698; 9580:, pp. 197–198; 9468:, pp. 566–567; 9452:, pp. 550–551; 9389:, pp. 274–275; 9349:, pp. 559–560; 9333:, pp. 61, 146; 9329:, pp. 178–179; 9267:"Duties and History" 9157:, pp. 220–221; 9125:, pp. 373–374; 9031:, pp. 552–553; 9027:, pp. 246–247; 8971:, pp. 182–183; 8599:, pp. 198–199; 8368:, pp. 370–371; 8348:, pp. 194–195; 8292:, pp. 119–221; 8268:, pp. 365–366; 8252:, pp. 378–387; 8200:, pp. 176–177; 7975:, pp. 340–341; 7786:, pp. 361–364; 7758:, pp. 306–307; 7738:, pp. 146–147; 7706:, pp. 215–219; 7702:, pp. 273–274; 7659:, pp. 270–272; 7591:, pp. 224–226; 7575:, pp. 166–167; 7455:, pp. 244–245; 7427:, pp. 514–515; 7387:, pp. 116–119; 7383:, pp. 124–126; 7379:, pp. 227–228; 7324:, pp. 124–126; 7120:, pp. 109–110; 7104:, pp. 190–191; 7036:, pp. 141–142; 7012:, pp. 185–186; 7004:, pp. 132–133; 6876:, pp. 174–176; 6611:"House of Burgesses" 6288:, pp. 511–512; 5785:Warren, Jack D. Jr. 5317:Some descendants of 5091:Currency and postage 4753:his long-time valet 4490:and churchwarden at 4285:Alexandria, Virginia 4218:Final days and death 4020:Edmond-Charles Genêt 3945:Treaty of Greenville 3839:Northwest Indian War 3812:Treaty of Greenville 3804:Northwest Indian War 3755:Edmond-Charles Genêt 3706:Western Pennsylvania 3538:Atlantic slave trade 3120:Robert R. Livingston 2925:Charles III of Spain 2855:Confederation Period 2665:, defeating General 2501:West Point espionage 2343:Battle of Brandywine 2314:intending to divide 2290:Battle of Germantown 2286:Battle of Brandywine 2258:Continental Congress 2192:crossed the Delaware 1799:, and Major General 1681:Atlantic slave trade 1545:Eleanor Parke Custis 1395:, who led a British 1242:Iroquois Confederacy 1195:Blue Ridge Mountains 1173:, the plantation of 1117:Little Hunting Creek 1113:justice of the peace 1109:Mary Ball Washington 1032:the national capital 889:as commander of the 848:Northwest Indian War 554:Mary Ball Washington 549:Augustine Washington 309:Continental Congress 209:Continental Congress 26303:Commanders in chief 26243:American Freemasons 26002:Charles E. Rushmore 25834:Shrine of Democracy 25732:George Westinghouse 25702:Henry David Thoreau 25612:John Lothrop Motley 25587:Albert A. Michelson 25467:Nathaniel Hawthorne 25417:Ralph Waldo Emerson 25402:James Buchanan Eads 25216:Sandra Day O'Connor 25186:Alvin Duke Chandler 24821:Omicron Delta Kappa 24546:Washington Old Hall 23180:colony or location) 23135:Newburgh Conspiracy 22994:Sullivan Expedition 22514:Provincial Congress 22305:Fox–North coalition 22244:Settler colonialism 22191:Freedom of religion 22148:American Revolution 21494:Worldwide influence 21235:Gunning Bedford Jr. 20963:Executive privilege 20943:Criminal sentencing 20866:Title of Nobility ( 20857:Taxing and Spending 20757:Oath or Affirmation 20717:House Apportionment 20580:Case or Controversy 20463:Committee of Detail 20355:"Liberty" amendment 20320:Christian amendment 19860:Christopher Gadsden 19793:Patrick Henry, Junr 19062:William Howard Taft 18982:Rutherford B. Hayes 18652:Office established 18562:Office established 18423:(great-grandfather) 18409:Lawrence Washington 18373:Lawrence Washington 18287:American Revolution 18131:We Fight to Be Free 18096:Cultural depictions 18007:U.S. Postage stamps 17960:West Point monument 17945:Philadelphia statue 17830:Unfinished portrait 17694:Washington Monument 17563:Woodlawn Plantation 17368:Coinage Act of 1792 17297:Second inauguration 17148:Newburgh Conspiracy 17126:Sullivan Expedition 17121:Battles of Saratoga 17082:Battle of Princeton 16000:. Alfred A. Knopf. 15859:Unger, Harlow Giles 15743:. Carey & Hart. 15506:Puls, Mark (2008). 15315:Middlekauff, Robert 14359:. Alfred A. Knopf. 14336:. Alfred A. Knopf. 13992:Boorstin, Daniel J. 13926:. Delacorte Press. 13870:. Alfred A. Knopf. 13591:"George Washington" 13368:, pp. 6, 217; 13203:"George Washington" 13006:, pp. 423–424. 12846:, pp. 416–417. 12727:, pp. 281–282. 12715:, pp. 279–287. 12703:, pp. 759–763. 12660:, pp. 113–114. 12568:, pp. 112–113. 12525:, pp. 286–287. 12210:, pp. 27, 704. 12087:, pp. 131–132. 12008:, pp. 87–195; 11830:"Wooden Teeth Myth" 11714:, pp. 123–125. 11596:, pp. 349–350. 11423:, pp. 273–274. 11399:, pp. 810–811. 11384:, pp. 374–375. 11372:, pp. 808–810. 11348:, pp. 808–809. 11296:, pp. 806–810. 11189:, pp. 704–705. 11069:, pp. 255–261. 11024:, pp. 752–754. 10920:, pp. 199–216. 10856:, pp. 287–298. 10769:, pp. 752–754. 10518:Ohio Valley History 10482:, pp. 207–208. 10306:, pp. 127–158. 10224:, pp. 335–354. 10212:, pp. 225–226. 10200:, pp. 567–584. 10188:, pp. 567–584. 10129:, pp. 342–343. 10117:, pp. 301–302. 10017:, pp. 673–674. 9916:. Yale Law School. 9896:, pp. 187–189. 9862:visitthecapitol.gov 9793:, pp. 399–400. 9781:, pp. 399–400. 9765:, pp. 144–146. 9600:, pp. 236–237. 9584:, pp. 236–237. 9568:, pp. 674–675. 9556:, pp. 236–237. 9393:, pp. 559–561. 9302:Library of Congress 9241:, pp. 226–227. 9226:, pp. 359–360. 9145:, pp. 373–374. 9113:, pp. 517–519. 9015:, pp. 247–255. 9003:, pp. 255–256. 8919:, pp. 454–455. 8907:, pp. 319–320. 8851:, pp. 184–186. 8765:, pp. 187–220. 8753:, pp. 313–315. 8603:, pp. 403–404. 8527:, pp. 187–188. 8515:, pp. 234–235. 8320:, pp. 280–282. 8272:, pp. 250–251. 8204:, pp. 195–198. 8101:, pp. 354–355. 7991:, pp. 312–313. 7979:, pp. 301–304. 7963:, pp. 300–301. 7895:National Geographic 7878:, pp. 285–286. 7794:, pp. 276–278. 7722:, pp. 228–230. 7647:, pp. 270–273. 7595:, pp. 166–169. 7499:, pp. 186–195. 7459:, pp. 162–163. 7431:, pp. 162–163. 7403:, pp. 229–230. 7328:, pp. 116–119. 7312:, pp. 133–135. 7212:, pp. 121–123. 7136:, pp. 290–291. 6956:, pp. 126–127. 6514:, pp. 135–137. 6220:, pp. 206–207. 5928:, 19, pp. 510–511; 5706:, pp. 10, 19; 5450:The earliest known 5152:Washington–Franklin 5111:quarter-dollar coin 5058:Shrine of Democracy 5043:Washington Monument 5017:Shrine of Democracy 5003:Washington Monument 4894:Washington Monument 4646:Washington's slaves 4480:Lawrence Washington 4253:. A fourth doctor, 4083:valedictory address 4067:, published by the 4038:in order to combat 3818:Northwest Territory 3787:British West Indies 3749:In April 1792, the 3730:Militia Act of 1792 3586:Funding Act of 1790 3526:Northwest Ordinance 3511:Southwest Territory 3411:Treasury Department 3409:in August, and the 2797:Newburgh Conspiracy 2622:French naval forces 2552:Nathaniel Philbrick 2434:Washington and his 2378:Battles of Saratoga 2326:rather than up the 2294:Battles of Saratoga 2089:Battle of Princeton 2009:Gravesend, Brooklyn 2005:Hessian auxiliaries 1787:, Adjutant General 1677:list of resolutions 1638:Allegheny Mountains 1619:American Revolution 1541:Martha Parke Custis 1525:Daniel Parke Custis 1111:. His father was a 1036:State of Washington 989:office of president 804:Braddock Expedition 483: / 25976:In popular culture 25923:Theodore Roosevelt 25900: 25662:Theodore Roosevelt 25602:Samuel F. B. Morse 25462:Alexander Hamilton 25407:Thomas Alva Edison 25317:Henry Ward Beecher 25302:John James Audubon 25162:John Stewart Bryan 25150:Hugh Blair Grigsby 24926:Alumni and faculty 24894:German Law Journal 24664:Oliver Wolcott Jr. 24658:Alexander Hamilton 24604:Secretary of State 24417:Eugenia Washington 24359:Seventh generation 24335:Bushrod Washington 24304:William Washington 24294:Charles Washington 24082:Semiquincentennial 24007:Libertas Americana 22437:Stamp Act Congress 22327:Acts of Parliament 22300:Shelburne ministry 22270:Grenville ministry 21547:Commanding General 21537:United States Army 21148:William Livingston 21132:Alexander Hamilton 20938:Criminal procedure 20933:Constitutional law 20868:Foreign Emoluments 20832:State of the Union 20817:Self-Incrimination 20807:Recess appointment 20600:Compulsory Process 20262:Titles of Nobility 19719:The Lower Counties 19649:William Livingston 19530:Robert Treat Paine 19052:Theodore Roosevelt 18623:Political offices 18616:Alexander Hamilton 18490:Christopher Sheels 18433:Bushrod Washington 18403:Charles Washington 18397:John A. Washington 18252:1751 Barbados trip 18141:(2014–2017 series) 18029:Washington quarter 17940:Perth Amboy statue 17928:Wall Street statue 17908:Mexico City statue 17835:Lansdowne portrait 17646:Washington College 17635:Thanks of Congress 17558:Whiskey distillery 17373:United States Mint 17351:Nonintercourse Act 17319:Secretary of State 17280:First inauguration 17114:Battle of Monmouth 16773: 16299:on March 20, 2019. 15943:. J.B. Lippincott. 15935:Weems, Mason Locke 15247:Hobbies, Volume 58 15156:Lancaster, Bruce; 14302:Elkins, Stanley M. 14107:Washington: A Life 14086:Alexander Hamilton 13808:"Arnold, Benedict" 13389:The New York Times 13327:. pp. 14–15. 13283:, pp. 52, 66. 13034:, pp. 352–35. 12588:, pp. 27, 83. 11944:, pp. 2, 26; 11828:Etter, William M. 11608:, pp. 11–14; 11173:, pp. 44–45; 10948:, pp. 18–19; 9913:The Avalon Project 8826:on August 21, 2013 7515:, pp. 93–94; 7471:, pp. 95–96; 7008:, pp. 67–68; 6805:, pp. 61, 75. 6749:, pp. 43–44; 6510:, pp. 44–45; 6344:, pp. 97–98; 6328:, pp. 33–34; 6312:, pp. 92–93; 6296:, pp. 15–16; 6272:, pp. 90–91; 6252:, pp. 89–90; 6140:, pp. 35–36; 6136:, pp. 37–46; 6052:, pp. 19–24; 6024:, pp. 24–25; 6008:, pp. 23–25; 5944:, pp. 31–32; 5908:, pp. 23–24; 5904:, pp. 15–18; 5846:, pp. 31–32; 5834:, pp. 26, 98. 5710:, pp. 14–15; 5656:, pp. 10–12; 5263:Annunciation Style 5117:). Washington and 5115:Washington quarter 4855: 4770: 4709: 4662: 4632:Colony of Virginia 4472: 4408:fashion of the day 4396: 4366:William Strickland 4339:attempted to steal 4331: 4234: 4141:Gettysburg Address 4087:Alexander Hamilton 4075: 4032:Oliver Wolcott Jr. 4018:the United States 3972: 3903:Treaty of New York 3875: 3842: 3709: 3651:Alexander Hamilton 3574:Compromise of 1790 3569: 3515:Fugitive Slave Act 3470:Alexander Hamilton 3466:First Party System 3439:Alexander Hamilton 3427:Secretary of State 3305:Oliver Wolcott Jr. 3293:Alexander Hamilton 3232:Secretary of State 3104: 3017:Alexander Hamilton 2968: 2905:Great Dismal Swamp 2804:Alexander Hamilton 2792: 2675:Charles Cornwallis 2614: 2612:in September 1781. 2610:Yorktown, Virginia 2533:Battle of Saratoga 2517:Benjamin Tallmadge 2490:Battle of Monmouth 2479:Treaty of Alliance 2432: 2429:Battle of Monmouth 2414: 2411:John Ward Dunsmore 2398:Battle of Monmouth 2235:Alexander Hamilton 2143: 2123: 2107: 2027:under darkness to 1963: 1862: 1809:Alexander Hamilton 1780:on June 22, 1775. 1767:commander-in-chief 1753:On June 14, 1775, 1751: 1640:and protected the 1433:Commander-in-Chief 1389: 1328:defensive position 1312: 1093: 1085:Rappahannock River 1005:two-term tradition 973:Alexander Hamilton 926:Colony of Virginia 762:United States Army 732:Lieutenant General 728:(Continental Army) 726:Commander in Chief 718:(Virginia Militia) 670:United States Army 608:Thanks of Congress 333:Office established 221:Office established 182:Commander in Chief 175:Alexander Hamilton 112:Office established 26443:Washington family 26183:George Washington 26108:George Washington 26045: 26044: 26039: 26038: 25913:George Washington 25790: 25789: 25722:George Washington 25677:John Philip Sousa 25512:Thomas J. Jackson 25502:Washington Irving 25447:William C. Gorgas 25432:Benjamin Franklin 25397:Charlotte Cushman 25282:John Quincy Adams 25231: 25230: 25204:Margaret Thatcher 25126:George Washington 25001: 25000: 24957:Sydney Lewis Hall 24952:Liberty Hall Site 24947:University Chapel 24911:George Washington 24735: 24734: 24689:Timothy Pickering 24630:Timothy Pickering 24595:George Washington 24554: 24553: 24531:Rising Sun Tavern 24390:Eighth generation 24284:Samuel Washington 24274:George Washington 24248:Bailey Washington 24236:Fourth generation 24204:Second generation 24197:Washington family 24164:Washington family 24130: 24129: 24126: 24125: 24122: 24121: 23881: 23880: 23868:Shays's Rebellion 23806: 23805: 23802: 23801: 23798: 23797: 23731: 23730: 23698:Richard Henry Lee 23463: 23462: 23305: 23304: 23301: 23300: 23297: 23296: 23149:Related conflicts 23019:Connecticut Farms 22799: 22798: 22692:Thirteen Colonies 22641: 22640: 22637: 22636: 22100: 22099: 21502: 21501: 21468:Constitution Week 21453:Independence Mall 21441:National Archives 21399: 21398: 21214:Gouverneur Morris 21199:Thomas Fitzsimons 21179:Benjamin Franklin 21053:George Washington 20953:Enumerated powers 20928:Concurrent powers 20923:Balance of powers 20752:No Religious Test 20692:Freedom of Speech 20483:Independence Hall 20406: 20405: 20310:Bricker amendment 20243: 20242: 19956: 19955: 19941:National Archives 19878: 19877: 19803:Benjamin Harrison 19788:George Washington 19783:Richard Henry Lee 19690:Charles Humphreys 19613:Philip Livingston 19508:Massachusetts Bay 19423: 19422: 19202:George H. W. Bush 19152:Lyndon B. Johnson 19082:Warren G. Harding 19022:Benjamin Harrison 19002:Chester A. Arthur 18992:James A. Garfield 18852:John Quincy Adams 18802:George Washington 18737: 18736: 18732: 18731: 18722:Succeeded by 18699:Academic offices 18689:Succeeded by 18670:Succeeded by 18645:Office abolished 18613:Succeeded by 18591: 18576:Succeeded by 18556:Military offices 18537: 18536: 18391:Samuel Washington 18343:John Parke Custis 18337:Martha Washington 18277:American Foxhound 18157:(2020 miniseries) 18149:(2006 miniseries) 18102:George Washington 18069:Washington nickel 18054:Washington dollar 18034:50 State Quarters 18017:1932 bicentennial 17913:Morristown statue 17771:George Washington 17763:George Washington 17755:George Washington 17747:George Washington 17732:George Washington 17407:Pinckney's Treaty 17356:Whiskey Rebellion 17136:Siege of Yorktown 17131:Yorktown campaign 17072:Battle of Trenton 17016:Forbes Expedition 16983:Revolutionary War 16921:George Washington 16872:George Washington 16833:Project Gutenberg 16824:National Archives 16769: 16611:George Washington 16606:Library resources 16332:(24): 1845–1849. 15750:The Five-Ton Life 15686:978-1-8931-2246-8 15565:978-0-7607-1272-6 15491:. Penguin Books. 15398:978-0-465-05126-7 15291:McCullough, David 15215:978-1-4000-6081-8 15198:Lengel, Edward G. 14984:David Rittenhouse 14730:. Holiday House. 14655:. Little, Brown. 14634:. Little, Brown. 14613:. Little, Brown. 14581:. Little, Brown. 14238:. Little, Brown. 14110:. Penguin Press. 14096:978-1-101-20085-8 14089:. Penguin Press. 14000:. Vintage Books. 13916:Woodward, C. Vann 13236:, pp. 24–26. 12288:, pp. 41–42. 12249:"A Brief History" 11702:, pp. 29–30. 11644:, pp. 29–30. 11624:, pp. 11–14. 11551:, pp. 77–79. 10832:, pp. 46–47. 10697:, pp. 12–13. 10685:, pp. 11–12. 10665:, pp. 10–11. 10374:, pp. 9–10; 10172:, pp. 43–49. 9843:978-1-317-52025-2 9816:978-1-4539-1900-2 9726:978-0-8476-9499-0 9051:, pp. 43–44. 7850:978-0-8135-2766-6 7040:, pp. 86–87. 6775:Higginbotham 2001 6680:, pp. 49–50. 6439:, pp. 42–43. 6316:, pp. 32–33. 6196:, pp. 30–31. 6180:, pp. 37–46. 6168:, pp. 28–30. 6144:, pp. 57–58. 6124:, pp. 35–36. 6060:, pp. 13–15. 6028:, pp. 42–45. 6012:, pp. 15–17. 5996:, pp. 24–25. 5960:, pp. 41–42. 5948:, pp. 18–19. 5932:, pp. 15–18. 5862:, pp. 15–16. 5763:, pp. 22–23. 5759:, v. 19, p. 510; 5456:David Rittenhouse 5119:Benjamin Franklin 5023:National Memorial 4959:Colin G. Calloway 4928:Mason Locke Weems 4909:Public Law 94-479 4871:Revolutionary War 4774:Revolutionary War 4689:African Americans 4666:African Americans 4510:terms, including 4484:Church of England 4392:Martha Washington 4327:Martha Washington 4301:hypovolemic shock 4036:Naval Act of 1794 4004:President's House 3988:Electoral College 3888:European American 3884:President's House 3846:concerted efforts 3764:French Revolution 3726:Whiskey Rebellion 3721:representatives. 3702:Whiskey Rebellion 3688:Whiskey Rebellion 3682:Whiskey Rebellion 3553:President's House 3496:African Americans 3399: 3398: 3336:Timothy Pickering 3274:Timothy Pickering 3200:George Washington 2877:February 1, 1784. 2723:Siege of Yorktown 2606:Siege of Yorktown 2483:Sir Henry Clinton 2304:Saratoga campaign 2140:Battle of Trenton 2081:Battle of Trenton 2021:William Alexander 1889:Benjamin Franklin 1868:, led by General 1642:British fur trade 1537:John Parke Custis 1448:Forbes Expedition 1320:Forks of the Ohio 1316:Virginia Regiment 1179:Shenandoah Valley 1083:residence on the 1081:Washington family 1064:Washington family 977:French Revolution 965:Electoral College 930:Virginia Regiment 871:George Washington 868: 867: 853:Whiskey Rebellion 841:Yorktown campaign 814:Forbes Expedition 755:Virginia Regiment 710:Virginia Regiment 567:Washington family 450:December 14, 1799 47:George Washington 16:(Redirected from 26450: 26168: 26160: 26159: 26158: 26151: 26143: 26142: 26141: 26134: 26126: 26125: 26124: 26114: 26098: 26097: 26096: 26086: 26085: 26084: 26074: 26073: 26062: 26061: 26060: 26053: 25918:Thomas Jefferson 25877:(conceived idea) 25863:Luigi Del Bianco 25817: 25810: 25803: 25794: 25793: 25562:Edward MacDowell 25517:Thomas Jefferson 25452:Ulysses S. Grant 25412:Jonathan Edwards 25382:Grover Cleveland 25297:Susan B. Anthony 25258: 25251: 25244: 25235: 25234: 25198:Warren E. Burger 25037: 25028: 25021: 25014: 25005: 25004: 24993: 24987: 24986: 24979: 24973: 24972: 24803: 24771: 24762: 24755: 24748: 24739: 24738: 24720:William Bradford 24706:Attorney General 24675:Secretary of War 24643: 24642: 24618:Thomas Jefferson 24581: 24574: 24567: 24558: 24557: 24447: 24426:Tenth generation 24402:Lewis Washington 24323:Sixth generation 24299:Henry Washington 24257:Fifth generation 24220:Third generation 24190: 24171:First generation 24157: 24150: 24143: 24134: 24133: 24072:Sesquicentennial 24032:Independence Day 23936:Founding Fathers 23902: 23901: 23887: 23886: 23812: 23811: 23740: 23739: 23472: 23471: 23329: 23328: 23322: 23321: 23311: 23310: 23186: 23185: 23181: 23009:Cape St. Vincent 22684: 22683: 22677: 22676: 22647: 22646: 22619:Boston Tea Party 22544:Halifax Resolves 22494:Suffolk Resolves 22285:Grafton ministry 22280:Chatham ministry 22176:Colonial history 22156: 22155: 22142: 22141: 22127: 22120: 22113: 22104: 22103: 21664: 21657: 21545:Senior Officer / 21529: 21522: 21515: 21506: 21505: 21458:Constitution Day 21349:Charles Pinckney 21158:William Paterson 21090:Nathaniel Gorham 21043: 21042: 20822:Speech or Debate 20650:Equal Protection 20360:Ludlow amendment 20345:Flag Desecration 20340:Federal Marriage 20305:Blaine amendment 20267:Corwin Amendment 20058: 20057: 20054: 20053: 19983: 19976: 19969: 19960: 19959: 19925:Carpenters' Hall 19900:Suffolk Resolves 19895:Fairfax Resolves 19808:Edmund Pendleton 19752:Matthew Tilghman 19499:Nathaniel Folsom 19468: 19467: 19450: 19443: 19436: 19427: 19426: 19413: 19412: 19403: 19402: 19042:William McKinley 19032:Grover Cleveland 19012:Grover Cleveland 18972:Ulysses S. Grant 18922:Millard Fillmore 18872:Martin Van Buren 18822:Thomas Jefferson 18777: 18770: 18763: 18754: 18753: 18741: 18740: 18704:Preceded by 18673:Thomas Jefferson 18628:Preceded by 18596:Preceded by 18582: 18569:Continental Army 18553: 18552: 18541: 18540: 18526: 18525: 18500:Harry Washington 18460:Caroline Branham 18222:Virginia dynasty 18210:Federalist Party 18190:List of articles 18104:(1984 miniseries 18091:Mount Washington 18059:Lafayette dollar 17898:Baltimore statue 17689:Washington state 17684:Washington, D.C. 17427:Farewell Address 17334:Secretary of War 17324:Attorney General 16948:Continental Army 16914: 16907: 16900: 16891: 16890: 16867: 16857: 16848: 16793: 16791: 16780: 16779: 16770: 16760: 16758: 16754: 16749: 16737: 16724: 16711: 16698: 16685: 16672: 16659: 16646: 16594: 16592: 16590: 16569: 16567: 16565: 16545: 16543: 16541: 16518: 16489: 16472: 16470: 16468: 16447: 16445: 16443: 16423: 16386: 16349: 16320: 16318: 16316: 16300: 16283: 16281: 16275:. Archived from 16248: 16238: 16209: 16207: 16205: 16184: 16155: 16134: 16103: 16085: 16070:American Surgery 16053: 16032: 16011: 15987: 15968: 15944: 15930: 15919: 15907: 15894: 15880: 15868: 15854: 15852: 15850: 15819: 15817: 15815: 15786: 15763: 15744: 15733: 15712: 15701: 15690: 15671: 15657: 15645: 15634: 15611: 15592: 15580: 15569: 15548: 15536: 15523: 15502: 15481: 15470: 15446: 15423: 15402: 15378: 15355: 15334: 15310: 15286: 15284: 15282: 15251: 15240: 15219: 15208:. Random House. 15207: 15193: 15177: 15150: 15138: 15127: 15104: 15093: 15074: 15058: 15047: 15028:Isaacson, Walter 15021: 15009: 14998: 14977: 14956: 14937: 14916: 14897: 14876: 14857: 14833: 14809: 14788: 14765: 14754: 14752: 14741: 14720: 14706: 14687: 14666: 14645: 14624: 14603: 14602:. Little, Brown. 14592: 14580: 14566: 14550: 14529: 14505: 14484: 14472: 14461: 14449: 14438: 14417: 14398:Ferling, John E. 14393: 14370: 14358: 14347: 14335: 14326:Ellis, Joseph J. 14321: 14295: 14284:. Random House. 14274: 14262: 14249: 14237: 14228:Cunliffe, Marcus 14223: 14204: 14183: 14164: 14153:. Viking Press. 14142: 14121: 14100: 14076: 14055: 14032: 14011: 13987: 13985: 13974: 13953: 13951: 13937: 13925: 13905: 13881: 13857: 13836: 13817: 13781: 13780: 13778: 13776: 13751: 13745: 13744: 13742: 13740: 13719: 13713: 13712: 13710: 13708: 13689: 13683: 13682: 13680: 13678: 13657: 13651: 13650: 13648: 13646: 13625: 13619: 13618: 13612: 13610: 13587: 13581: 13580: 13578: 13576: 13554: 13548: 13547: 13545: 13543: 13523: 13517: 13511: 13505: 13499: 13493: 13492: 13490: 13488: 13473: 13467: 13466: 13448: 13442: 13436: 13430: 13424: 13418: 13412: 13406: 13405: 13403: 13401: 13379: 13373: 13359: 13353: 13347: 13341: 13340: 13338: 13336: 13316: 13310: 13309: 13307: 13305: 13290: 13284: 13278: 13272: 13266: 13260: 13259: 13243: 13237: 13231: 13225: 13224: 13222: 13220: 13199: 13193: 13192: 13190: 13188: 13169: 13163: 13149: 13143: 13137: 13131: 13130: 13128: 13126: 13107: 13101: 13100:, p. xviii. 13095: 13089: 13083: 13077: 13071: 13065: 13064: 13062: 13060: 13041: 13035: 13025: 13019: 13013: 13007: 13001: 12995: 12989: 12983: 12977: 12971: 12957: 12951: 12937: 12931: 12928:Furstenberg 2011 12925: 12919: 12905: 12899: 12896:Furstenberg 2011 12889: 12883: 12877: 12871: 12865: 12859: 12853: 12847: 12841: 12835: 12825: 12819: 12818: 12816: 12814: 12790: 12784: 12774: 12768: 12746: 12740: 12734: 12728: 12722: 12716: 12710: 12704: 12698: 12692: 12691: 12689: 12687: 12667: 12661: 12655: 12649: 12648: 12646: 12644: 12625: 12619: 12618: 12616: 12614: 12595: 12589: 12575: 12569: 12559: 12553: 12547: 12541: 12535: 12526: 12520: 12514: 12508: 12502: 12492: 12486: 12480: 12474: 12471:Furstenberg 2011 12468: 12462: 12452: 12446: 12440: 12434: 12428: 12422: 12421: 12419: 12417: 12397: 12391: 12377: 12371: 12361: 12355: 12354: 12349: 12347: 12328: 12319: 12318: 12316: 12314: 12298: 12289: 12283: 12277: 12271: 12265: 12264: 12262: 12260: 12245: 12239: 12233: 12227: 12217: 12211: 12205: 12199: 12181: 12175: 12169: 12163: 12157: 12148: 12142: 12136: 12130: 12124: 12110: 12104: 12094: 12088: 12082: 12076: 12066: 12060: 12059: 12057: 12055: 12039: 12033: 12023: 12017: 11999: 11993: 11979: 11973: 11959: 11953: 11931: 11925: 11919: 11910: 11904: 11898: 11892: 11886: 11880: 11874: 11868: 11862: 11856: 11850: 11849: 11847: 11845: 11825: 11819: 11818: 11816: 11814: 11795: 11789: 11788: 11786: 11784: 11764: 11758: 11757: 11755: 11753: 11733: 11727: 11721: 11715: 11709: 11703: 11693: 11687: 11686: 11684: 11682: 11663: 11657: 11651: 11645: 11631: 11625: 11619: 11613: 11603: 11597: 11591: 11585: 11584: 11582: 11580: 11561: 11552: 11546: 11540: 11539: 11537: 11535: 11513: 11507: 11506: 11504: 11502: 11482: 11476: 11470: 11464: 11458: 11452: 11446: 11440: 11430: 11424: 11418: 11412: 11406: 11400: 11394: 11385: 11379: 11373: 11367: 11361: 11355: 11349: 11339: 11333: 11327: 11321: 11315: 11309: 11303: 11297: 11291: 11282: 11272: 11266: 11265: 11263: 11261: 11242: 11236: 11226: 11220: 11219: 11217: 11215: 11196: 11190: 11184: 11178: 11168: 11162: 11156: 11150: 11140: 11134: 11131:Fitzpatrick 1936 11128: 11122: 11116: 11110: 11100: 11094: 11088: 11082: 11076: 11070: 11064: 11058: 11057: 11055: 11040: 11031: 11025: 11019: 11013: 11003: 10997: 10991: 10985: 10979: 10973: 10967: 10961: 10939: 10933: 10927: 10921: 10911: 10905: 10895: 10889: 10879: 10873: 10863: 10857: 10852:, p. 4744; 10839: 10833: 10827: 10821: 10811: 10805: 10804: 10776: 10770: 10760: 10754: 10744: 10738: 10732: 10726: 10720: 10714: 10704: 10698: 10692: 10686: 10672: 10666: 10656: 10650: 10644: 10638: 10624: 10618: 10612: 10606: 10592: 10586: 10576: 10570: 10560: 10554: 10544: 10538: 10537: 10535: 10533: 10509: 10503: 10498:, p. xvii; 10489: 10483: 10473: 10467: 10461: 10450: 10440: 10434: 10428: 10422: 10421: 10419: 10417: 10397: 10391: 10385: 10379: 10368:Fitzpatrick 1936 10365: 10359: 10349: 10343: 10337: 10331: 10325: 10319: 10313: 10307: 10297: 10291: 10285: 10279: 10273: 10267: 10261: 10255: 10254: 10252: 10250: 10231: 10225: 10219: 10213: 10207: 10201: 10195: 10189: 10179: 10173: 10167: 10161: 10151: 10142: 10136: 10130: 10124: 10118: 10112: 10106: 10100: 10094: 10084: 10078: 10072: 10066: 10065:, v. 19, p. 523. 10063:Fitzpatrick 1936 10056: 10050: 10040: 10034: 10024: 10018: 10012: 10006: 9996: 9990: 9984: 9978: 9972: 9966: 9960: 9954: 9948: 9942: 9936: 9930: 9929: 9927: 9925: 9903: 9897: 9891: 9885: 9884: 9879: 9877: 9854: 9848: 9847: 9827: 9821: 9820: 9800: 9794: 9788: 9782: 9772: 9766: 9752: 9746: 9740: 9731: 9730: 9718: 9708: 9702: 9696: 9690: 9680: 9674: 9664: 9658: 9652: 9646: 9640: 9634: 9628: 9617: 9607: 9601: 9591: 9585: 9575: 9569: 9563: 9557: 9551: 9545: 9539: 9533: 9527: 9521: 9520:, v. 19, p. 522. 9518:Fitzpatrick 1936 9511: 9505: 9495: 9489: 9479: 9473: 9463: 9457: 9454:Fitzpatrick 1936 9443: 9437: 9427: 9421: 9420: 9418: 9416: 9400: 9394: 9384: 9378: 9372: 9366: 9360: 9354: 9344: 9338: 9324: 9318: 9317: 9315: 9313: 9293: 9287: 9286: 9284: 9282: 9263: 9254: 9248: 9242: 9236: 9227: 9221: 9215: 9214: 9200: 9194: 9184: 9178: 9168: 9162: 9152: 9146: 9136: 9130: 9120: 9114: 9108: 9102: 9088: 9082: 9081: 9079: 9077: 9058: 9052: 9042: 9036: 9022: 9016: 9010: 9004: 8994: 8988: 8982: 8976: 8962: 8956: 8950: 8944: 8926: 8920: 8914: 8908: 8898: 8892: 8882: 8876: 8870: 8864: 8858: 8852: 8842: 8836: 8835: 8833: 8831: 8811: 8805: 8804: 8802: 8800: 8784: 8778: 8772: 8766: 8760: 8754: 8748: 8742: 8741: 8721: 8715: 8709: 8703: 8689: 8683: 8669: 8663: 8662: 8634: 8628: 8622: 8616: 8610: 8604: 8594: 8588: 8582: 8576: 8570: 8564: 8558: 8552: 8546: 8540: 8534: 8528: 8522: 8516: 8510: 8504: 8498: 8492: 8486: 8480: 8479: 8443: 8437: 8431: 8425: 8419: 8413: 8407: 8401: 8395: 8389: 8379: 8373: 8370:Middlekauff 2015 8363: 8357: 8343: 8337: 8327: 8321: 8303: 8297: 8279: 8273: 8263: 8257: 8247: 8241: 8235: 8229: 8223: 8217: 8211: 8205: 8195: 8189: 8183: 8177: 8171: 8165: 8164: 8162: 8160: 8140: 8134: 8128: 8122: 8108: 8102: 8092: 8086: 8085: 8078:American History 8073: 8067: 8061: 8055: 8041: 8035: 8034: 8032: 8030: 8010: 8004: 7998: 7992: 7986: 7980: 7970: 7964: 7958: 7952: 7946: 7940: 7930: 7924: 7918: 7912: 7911: 7909: 7907: 7885: 7879: 7873: 7867: 7866: 7864: 7862: 7834: 7828: 7827: 7813: 7807: 7801: 7795: 7781: 7775: 7769: 7763: 7749: 7743: 7729: 7723: 7717: 7711: 7697: 7691: 7685: 7679: 7673: 7664: 7654: 7648: 7642: 7636: 7630: 7624: 7614: 7608: 7602: 7596: 7586: 7580: 7570: 7564: 7554: 7548: 7538: 7532: 7526: 7520: 7506: 7500: 7494: 7488: 7482: 7476: 7466: 7460: 7450: 7444: 7438: 7432: 7425:Fitzpatrick 1936 7422: 7416: 7410: 7404: 7398: 7392: 7374: 7368: 7362: 7353: 7347: 7341: 7335: 7329: 7319: 7313: 7303: 7297: 7291: 7285: 7279: 7273: 7270:Fitzpatrick 1936 7255: 7249: 7243: 7237: 7231: 7225: 7219: 7213: 7207: 7201: 7200: 7182: 7176: 7170: 7164: 7163: 7161: 7159: 7143: 7137: 7131: 7125: 7115: 7109: 7099: 7093: 7092: 7090: 7088: 7073: 7067: 7066: 7064: 7062: 7047: 7041: 7030:Fitzpatrick 1936 7023: 7017: 7014:Fitzpatrick 1936 6999: 6993: 6987: 6981: 6975: 6969: 6963: 6957: 6947: 6941: 6931: 6925: 6919: 6913: 6907: 6901: 6887: 6881: 6871: 6865: 6864: 6862: 6860: 6845: 6834: 6828: 6822: 6812: 6806: 6796: 6790: 6784: 6778: 6772: 6766: 6760: 6754: 6744: 6738: 6732: 6723: 6722: 6720: 6718: 6699: 6693: 6687: 6681: 6675: 6669: 6663: 6657: 6656: 6654: 6652: 6637: 6631: 6630: 6628: 6626: 6607: 6601: 6600: 6594: 6592: 6577: 6571: 6570: 6564: 6562: 6556: 6545: 6536: 6530: 6524: 6515: 6505: 6499: 6489: 6483: 6477: 6471: 6470: 6468: 6466: 6446: 6440: 6430: 6424: 6423: 6421: 6419: 6397: 6391: 6390: 6388: 6386: 6367: 6361: 6355: 6349: 6339: 6333: 6323: 6317: 6307: 6301: 6286:Fitzpatrick 1936 6283: 6277: 6263: 6257: 6246:Fitzpatrick 1936 6243: 6237: 6234:Fitzpatrick 1936 6227: 6221: 6215: 6209: 6203: 6197: 6187: 6181: 6175: 6169: 6163: 6157: 6154:Fitzpatrick 1936 6151: 6145: 6131: 6125: 6115: 6109: 6103: 6094: 6093: 6091: 6089: 6067: 6061: 6047: 6041: 6035: 6029: 6019: 6013: 6003: 5997: 5991: 5985: 5979: 5973: 5967: 5961: 5955: 5949: 5939: 5933: 5926:Fitzpatrick 1936 5923: 5917: 5899: 5893: 5892: 5890: 5888: 5869: 5863: 5857: 5851: 5841: 5835: 5829: 5823: 5813: 5807: 5806: 5804: 5802: 5782: 5776: 5770: 5764: 5757:Fitzpatrick 1936 5754: 5748: 5747: 5745: 5743: 5724: 5715: 5701: 5695: 5694: 5692: 5690: 5671: 5665: 5651: 5645: 5644: 5642: 5640: 5621: 5615: 5614: 5612: 5610: 5587: 5578: 5568: 5562: 5552: 5546: 5540: 5534: 5533: 5531: 5529: 5508: 5502: 5496: 5480: 5473: 5467: 5464:Der Landes Vater 5448: 5442: 5438: 5432: 5429: 5423: 5412: 5406: 5403: 5397: 5389: 5383: 5380:Algidus (458 BC) 5372: 5366: 5359: 5353: 5346: 5340: 5336: 5330: 5315: 5309: 5306: 5300: 5297: 5291: 5288: 5282: 5276: 5272: 5255: 5193: 5178: 5163: 5148: 5136: 5121:appeared on the 5032:Washington, D.C. 5013: 4998: 4865:, and the first 4861:, a hero of the 4859:Continental Army 4801:Philip D. Morgan 4628:deeply ingrained 4431:Thomas Jefferson 4351:Charles Bulfinch 4255:William Thornton 4149:Farewell Address 4109:mansions of rest 4050:Farewell Address 3981:election of 1792 3963:Portrait of the 3926:soundly defeated 3918:Arthur St. Clair 3668:National Gazette 3644:Thomas Jefferson 3637: 3628: 3478:Thomas Jefferson 3474:Federalist Party 3435:Secretary of War 3423:Thomas Jefferson 3403:State Department 3379:William Bradford 3362:Attorney General 3319:Secretary of War 3250:Thomas Jefferson 3172: 3171: 3136:executive branch 3072: 2981:Shays' Rebellion 2895: 2894: 2890: 2887: 2878: 2741:prisoners of war 2730:celebrated march 2679:Battle of Camden 2667:Benjamin Lincoln 2436:Continental Army 2370:Benjamin Lincoln 2358:Upstate New York 2200:McConkey's Ferry 1999: 1991: 1908:Fort Ticonderoga 1859:Continental Army 1829:Sir Guy Carleton 1801:Nathanael Greene 1795:, Major General 1791:, Major General 1759:Continental Army 1665:Boston Tea Party 1579:William Crawford 1503: 1485: 1372:Seven Years' War 1295:Seven Years' War 1222:Robert Dinwiddie 1218:Virginia militia 1022:by monuments, a 1016:American culture 1009:farewell address 979:, he proclaimed 969:Thomas Jefferson 891:Continental Army 876: 780: 759:Continental Army 665:Continental Army 660:Virginia Militia 629:Military service 624: 582:military officer 535: 533: 529: 519:Martha Dandridge 498: 497: 495: 494: 493: 488: 484: 481: 480: 479: 476: 459:, Virginia, U.S. 453: 425:Personal details 413: 405: 401:Frederick County 388:Office abolished 384: 374: 365: 356: 345:Thomas Jefferson 341: 329: 320: 311: 288: 275: 256: 229: 217: 205: 196: 186:Continental Army 171: 159: 142: 120: 108: 98: 87: 65: 62: 57: 43: 42: 21: 26458: 26457: 26453: 26452: 26451: 26449: 26448: 26447: 26173: 26172: 26171: 26167:from Wikisource 26161: 26156: 26154: 26144: 26139: 26137: 26127: 26122: 26120: 26117: 26113:sister projects 26110:at Knowledge's 26104: 26094: 26092: 26082: 26080: 26068: 26058: 26056: 26048: 26046: 26041: 26040: 26035: 25990: 25964: 25948: 25932: 25928:Abraham Lincoln 25901: 25890: 25857:Lincoln Borglum 25837: 25826: 25821: 25791: 25786: 25762:Frances Willard 25697:Sylvanus Thayer 25647:Edgar Allan Poe 25632:Francis Parkman 25542:Abraham Lincoln 25522:John Paul Jones 25442:Josiah W. Gibbs 25357:Andrew Carnegie 25342:Phillips Brooks 25307:George Bancroft 25268: 25262: 25232: 25227: 25210:Henry Kissinger 25120:Richard Terrick 25108:Charles Wyndham 25096:Thomas Sherlock 25039: 25035: 25032: 25002: 24997: 24989: 24975: 24961: 24930: 24899: 24857: 24826:Cadaver Society 24816:Lexington Triad 24804: 24795: 24773: 24769: 24766: 24736: 24731: 24714:Edmund Randolph 24700: 24669: 24644: 24640: 24635: 24624:Edmund Randolph 24598: 24585: 24555: 24550: 24456:Arlington House 24445: 24437: 24421: 24385: 24354: 24318: 24314:Lund Washington 24252: 24231: 24215: 24211:John Washington 24199: 24196: 24194: 24191: 24182: 24166: 24161: 24131: 24118: 24057:Von Steuben Day 23955: 23924: 23896: 23877: 23817: 23794: 23736:Colonial allies 23727: 23626: 23459: 23420:King George III 23408: 23316: 23293: 23262: 23182: 23179: 23177: 23170: 23144: 23073: 23054:Lochry's Defeat 22939:Assunpink Creek 22929:Fort Washington 22874: 22808: 22806: 22795: 22786:Hortalez et Cie 22757:Colonial allies 22752: 22719: 22688:United Colonies 22671: 22633: 22599:Boston Massacre 22577: 22568:Perpetual Union 22524:United Colonies 22457:Sons of Liberty 22420: 22328: 22326: 22325:Related British 22319: 22248: 22150: 22146:Origins of the 22136: 22131: 22101: 22096: 21888: 21671:Chiefs of Staff 21665: 21659: 21658: 21649: 21546: 21539: 21535:Leaders of the 21533: 21503: 21498: 21433: 21427: 21395: 21391:William Jackson 21379: 21375:Abraham Baldwin 21358: 21327: 21323:Hugh Williamson 21301: 21280: 21254: 21245:Richard Bassett 21218: 21204:Jared Ingersoll 21167: 21163:Jonathan Dayton 21136: 21120: 21099: 21078: 21074:Nicholas Gilman 21057: 21032: 20998:Reserved powers 20978:Judicial review 20911: 20707:General Welfare 20630:Double Jeopardy 20541: 20468:List of Framers 20448:New Jersey Plan 20402: 20384: 20380:Victims' Rights 20300:Balanced budget 20286: 20239: 20168: 20140: 20119: 20043: 19992: 19987: 19957: 19952: 19929: 19915:Charles Thomson 19874: 19870:Edward Rutledge 19850:Henry Middleton 19838: 19834:Richard Caswell 19812: 19771: 19740: 19714: 19680:Joseph Galloway 19668: 19632: 19581: 19555: 19546:Stephen Hopkins 19534: 19503: 19482: 19478:Peyton Randolph 19459: 19454: 19424: 19419: 19391: 19317:F. D. Roosevelt 19269: 19263: 19262: 19261: 19142:John F. Kennedy 19122:Harry S. Truman 19092:Calvin Coolidge 18952:Abraham Lincoln 18932:Franklin Pierce 18792: 18786: 18781: 18746: 18738: 18733: 18728: 18718: 18710: 18707:Richard Terrick 18694: 18685: 18675: 18666: 18640: 18631: 18618: 18609: 18601: 18599:James Wilkinson 18581: 18572: 18546: 18538: 18533: 18504: 18438: 18421:John Washington 18323: 18299:Betsy Ross flag 18195:Founders Online 18173: 17950:Portland statue 17673: 17665: 17615:Potomac Company 17580:Hasbrouck House 17516: 17497:Religious views 17479: 17473: 17285:inaugural bible 17264: 17256: 17214:founding events 17213: 17206: 17153:Newburgh letter 17143:Culper Spy Ring 17055:Siege of Boston 17050:Boston campaign 17001:Jumonville Glen 16991:Military career 16981: 16979:Military career 16973: 16923: 16918: 16865: 16855: 16820:Founders Online 16807: 16806: 16795: 16789: 16787: 16784:This audio file 16781: 16774: 16765: 16762: 16756: 16752: 16751: 16747: 16744: 16631: 16630: 16629: 16614: 16613: 16609: 16602: 16600:Further reading 16597: 16588: 16586: 16563: 16561: 16548: 16539: 16537: 16466: 16464: 16441: 16439: 16426: 16314: 16312: 16303: 16279: 16265:10.2307/1900658 16246: 16227:10.2307/1918650 16203: 16201: 16123:10.2307/3125063 16060: 16050: 16029: 16008: 15992:Wood, Gordon S. 15990: 15984: 15965: 15922: 15916: 15885:Van Doren, Carl 15877: 15848: 15846: 15839: 15813: 15811: 15804: 15783: 15760: 15730: 15687: 15679:. Beard Books. 15654: 15631: 15608: 15589: 15566: 15551: 15545: 15520: 15499: 15467: 15443: 15420: 15405: 15399: 15391:. Basic Books. 15375: 15352: 15331: 15307: 15280: 15278: 15271: 15237: 15216: 15174: 15147: 15124: 15090: 15065:Jensen, Merrill 15044: 15018: 14995: 14974: 14953: 14940: 14934: 14913: 14894: 14873: 14865:. Mariner Pub. 14854: 14830: 14806: 14785: 14757: 14738: 14703: 14684: 14663: 14642: 14621: 14595: 14589: 14547: 14526: 14502: 14481: 14458: 14435: 14414: 14390: 14367: 14350: 14344: 14318: 14292: 14271: 14246: 14220: 14201: 14180: 14161: 14145: 14139: 14118: 14097: 14073: 14052: 14029: 14008: 13971: 13934: 13902: 13878: 13854: 13833: 13802: 13796: 13789: 13784: 13774: 13772: 13753: 13752: 13748: 13738: 13736: 13721: 13720: 13716: 13706: 13704: 13691: 13690: 13686: 13676: 13674: 13659: 13658: 13654: 13644: 13642: 13627: 13626: 13622: 13608: 13606: 13589: 13588: 13584: 13574: 13572: 13555: 13551: 13541: 13539: 13524: 13520: 13512: 13508: 13500: 13496: 13486: 13484: 13475: 13474: 13470: 13463: 13449: 13445: 13437: 13433: 13425: 13421: 13413: 13409: 13399: 13397: 13380: 13376: 13360: 13356: 13348: 13344: 13334: 13332: 13317: 13313: 13303: 13301: 13292: 13291: 13287: 13279: 13275: 13267: 13263: 13244: 13240: 13232: 13228: 13218: 13216: 13201: 13200: 13196: 13186: 13184: 13171: 13170: 13166: 13150: 13146: 13138: 13134: 13124: 13122: 13109: 13108: 13104: 13096: 13092: 13084: 13080: 13072: 13068: 13058: 13056: 13043: 13042: 13038: 13026: 13022: 13014: 13010: 13002: 12998: 12990: 12986: 12978: 12974: 12966:, p. 297; 12958: 12954: 12938: 12934: 12926: 12922: 12914:, p. 419; 12906: 12902: 12890: 12886: 12878: 12874: 12866: 12862: 12854: 12850: 12842: 12838: 12830:, p. 202; 12826: 12822: 12812: 12810: 12791: 12787: 12777:Hirschfeld 1997 12775: 12771: 12763:, p. 167; 12757:Hirschfeld 1997 12755:, p. 386; 12747: 12743: 12735: 12731: 12723: 12719: 12711: 12707: 12699: 12695: 12685: 12683: 12668: 12664: 12656: 12652: 12642: 12640: 12629:"Slave Control" 12627: 12626: 12622: 12612: 12610: 12597: 12596: 12592: 12580:, p. 111; 12576: 12572: 12560: 12556: 12548: 12544: 12536: 12529: 12521: 12517: 12509: 12505: 12493: 12489: 12481: 12477: 12469: 12465: 12457:, p. 121; 12453: 12449: 12441: 12437: 12429: 12425: 12415: 12413: 12398: 12394: 12388:Hirschfeld 1997 12378: 12374: 12366:, p. 279; 12362: 12358: 12345: 12343: 12330: 12329: 12322: 12312: 12310: 12299: 12292: 12284: 12280: 12272: 12268: 12258: 12256: 12247: 12246: 12242: 12234: 12230: 12218: 12214: 12206: 12202: 12190:, p. 136; 12182: 12178: 12170: 12166: 12158: 12151: 12143: 12139: 12131: 12127: 12121:Tsakiridis 2018 12119:, p. 136; 12111: 12107: 12101:Tsakiridis 2018 12095: 12091: 12083: 12079: 12073:Tsakiridis 2018 12071:, p. 131; 12067: 12063: 12053: 12051: 12040: 12036: 12030:Tsakiridis 2018 12024: 12020: 12014:Tsakiridis 2018 12000: 11996: 11990:Tsakiridis 2018 11980: 11976: 11970:Tsakiridis 2018 11964:, p. 130; 11960: 11956: 11950:Tsakiridis 2018 11940:, p. 136; 11932: 11928: 11922:Tsakiridis 2018 11920: 11913: 11905: 11901: 11893: 11889: 11881: 11877: 11869: 11865: 11857: 11853: 11843: 11841: 11826: 11822: 11812: 11810: 11797: 11796: 11792: 11782: 11780: 11765: 11761: 11751: 11749: 11734: 11730: 11722: 11718: 11710: 11706: 11694: 11690: 11680: 11678: 11665: 11664: 11660: 11652: 11648: 11632: 11628: 11622:Strickland 1840 11620: 11616: 11606:Strickland 1840 11604: 11600: 11592: 11588: 11578: 11576: 11563: 11562: 11555: 11549:Craughwell 2009 11547: 11543: 11533: 11531: 11514: 11510: 11500: 11498: 11483: 11479: 11471: 11467: 11459: 11455: 11447: 11443: 11433:Wallenborn 1999 11431: 11427: 11419: 11415: 11407: 11403: 11395: 11388: 11380: 11376: 11368: 11364: 11356: 11352: 11340: 11336: 11328: 11324: 11316: 11312: 11304: 11300: 11292: 11285: 11273: 11269: 11259: 11257: 11244: 11243: 11239: 11227: 11223: 11213: 11211: 11198: 11197: 11193: 11185: 11181: 11171:Hirschfeld 1997 11169: 11165: 11157: 11153: 11141: 11137: 11129: 11125: 11117: 11113: 11101: 11097: 11089: 11085: 11077: 11073: 11065: 11061: 11053: 11038: 11032: 11028: 11020: 11016: 11008:, p. 292; 11004: 11000: 10992: 10988: 10980: 10976: 10968: 10964: 10956:, p. 223; 10944:, p. 492; 10940: 10936: 10928: 10924: 10912: 10908: 10900:, p. 492; 10896: 10892: 10884:, p. 755; 10880: 10876: 10868:, p. 754; 10864: 10860: 10844:, p. 292; 10840: 10836: 10828: 10824: 10812: 10808: 10777: 10773: 10761: 10757: 10745: 10741: 10733: 10729: 10721: 10717: 10709:, p. 692; 10705: 10701: 10693: 10689: 10673: 10669: 10661:, p. 687; 10657: 10653: 10645: 10641: 10633:, p. 482; 10629:, p. 421; 10625: 10621: 10613: 10609: 10601:, p. 362; 10593: 10589: 10577: 10573: 10565:, p. 406; 10561: 10557: 10545: 10541: 10531: 10529: 10510: 10506: 10490: 10486: 10474: 10470: 10462: 10453: 10445:, p. 304; 10441: 10437: 10429: 10425: 10415: 10413: 10398: 10394: 10386: 10382: 10370:, p. 523; 10366: 10362: 10354:, p. 263; 10350: 10346: 10338: 10334: 10326: 10322: 10314: 10310: 10298: 10294: 10286: 10282: 10274: 10270: 10262: 10258: 10248: 10246: 10233: 10232: 10228: 10220: 10216: 10208: 10204: 10196: 10192: 10180: 10176: 10168: 10164: 10152: 10145: 10137: 10133: 10125: 10121: 10113: 10109: 10101: 10097: 10085: 10081: 10073: 10069: 10057: 10053: 10041: 10037: 10025: 10021: 10013: 10009: 9997: 9993: 9985: 9981: 9973: 9969: 9965:, pp. 7–8. 9961: 9957: 9953:, pp. 5–7. 9949: 9945: 9937: 9933: 9923: 9921: 9904: 9900: 9892: 9888: 9875: 9873: 9856: 9855: 9851: 9844: 9828: 9824: 9817: 9801: 9797: 9789: 9785: 9777:, p. 758; 9773: 9769: 9753: 9749: 9741: 9734: 9727: 9709: 9705: 9697: 9693: 9681: 9677: 9673:, pp. 4–5. 9665: 9661: 9653: 9649: 9641: 9637: 9629: 9620: 9608: 9604: 9596:, p. 589; 9592: 9588: 9576: 9572: 9564: 9560: 9552: 9548: 9540: 9536: 9528: 9524: 9516:, p. 552; 9512: 9508: 9500:, p. 448; 9496: 9492: 9480: 9476: 9464: 9460: 9444: 9440: 9432:, p. 475; 9428: 9424: 9414: 9412: 9401: 9397: 9385: 9381: 9373: 9369: 9361: 9357: 9345: 9341: 9325: 9321: 9311: 9309: 9294: 9290: 9280: 9278: 9265: 9264: 9257: 9249: 9245: 9237: 9230: 9222: 9218: 9201: 9197: 9185: 9181: 9173:, p. 266; 9169: 9165: 9153: 9149: 9141:, p. 523; 9137: 9133: 9121: 9117: 9109: 9105: 9097:, p. 518; 9093:, p. 221; 9089: 9085: 9075: 9073: 9060: 9059: 9055: 9043: 9039: 9023: 9019: 9011: 9007: 8999:, p. 462; 8995: 8991: 8983: 8979: 8967:, p. 410; 8963: 8959: 8951: 8947: 8927: 8923: 8915: 8911: 8903:, p. 454; 8899: 8895: 8887:, p. 210; 8883: 8879: 8871: 8867: 8859: 8855: 8843: 8839: 8829: 8827: 8812: 8808: 8798: 8796: 8785: 8781: 8773: 8769: 8761: 8757: 8749: 8745: 8738: 8722: 8718: 8710: 8706: 8698:, p. 254; 8690: 8686: 8670: 8666: 8651:10.2307/1923466 8635: 8631: 8623: 8619: 8611: 8607: 8595: 8591: 8583: 8579: 8571: 8567: 8559: 8555: 8547: 8543: 8535: 8531: 8523: 8519: 8511: 8507: 8499: 8495: 8487: 8483: 8444: 8440: 8432: 8428: 8420: 8416: 8408: 8404: 8396: 8392: 8384:, p. 386; 8380: 8376: 8364: 8360: 8352:, p. 366; 8344: 8340: 8332:, p. 365; 8328: 8324: 8316:, p. 366; 8312:, p. 322; 8304: 8300: 8288:, p. 203; 8284:, p. 380; 8280: 8276: 8264: 8260: 8248: 8244: 8236: 8232: 8224: 8220: 8212: 8208: 8196: 8192: 8184: 8180: 8172: 8168: 8158: 8156: 8141: 8137: 8129: 8125: 8117:, p. 172; 8109: 8105: 8097:, p. 138; 8093: 8089: 8074: 8070: 8062: 8058: 8046:, p. 186; 8042: 8038: 8028: 8026: 8011: 8007: 7999: 7995: 7987: 7983: 7971: 7967: 7959: 7955: 7947: 7943: 7935:, p. 172; 7931: 7927: 7919: 7915: 7905: 7903: 7886: 7882: 7874: 7870: 7860: 7858: 7851: 7835: 7831: 7814: 7810: 7802: 7798: 7790:, p. 339; 7782: 7778: 7770: 7766: 7754:, p. 254; 7750: 7746: 7730: 7726: 7718: 7714: 7698: 7694: 7686: 7682: 7674: 7667: 7655: 7651: 7643: 7639: 7631: 7627: 7619:, p. 235; 7615: 7611: 7603: 7599: 7587: 7583: 7571: 7567: 7559:, p. 137; 7555: 7551: 7543:, p. 136; 7539: 7535: 7527: 7523: 7511:, p. 240; 7507: 7503: 7497:McCullough 2005 7495: 7491: 7483: 7479: 7467: 7463: 7451: 7447: 7439: 7435: 7423: 7419: 7411: 7407: 7399: 7395: 7375: 7371: 7363: 7356: 7348: 7344: 7336: 7332: 7320: 7316: 7308:, p. 208; 7304: 7300: 7292: 7288: 7280: 7276: 7268:, p. 143; 7264:, p. 112; 7260:, p. 303; 7256: 7252: 7244: 7240: 7232: 7228: 7220: 7216: 7208: 7204: 7197: 7183: 7179: 7171: 7167: 7157: 7155: 7144: 7140: 7132: 7128: 7116: 7112: 7100: 7096: 7086: 7084: 7075: 7074: 7070: 7060: 7058: 7049: 7048: 7044: 7032:, p. 514; 7028:, p. 294; 7024: 7020: 7000: 6996: 6988: 6984: 6976: 6972: 6964: 6960: 6952:, p. 108; 6948: 6944: 6940:, v. 19, p. 11. 6936:, p. 100; 6932: 6928: 6920: 6916: 6908: 6904: 6896:, p. 166; 6892:, p. 262; 6888: 6884: 6872: 6868: 6858: 6856: 6847: 6846: 6837: 6829: 6825: 6817:, p. 138; 6813: 6809: 6797: 6793: 6785: 6781: 6773: 6769: 6761: 6757: 6745: 6741: 6733: 6726: 6716: 6714: 6701: 6700: 6696: 6688: 6684: 6676: 6672: 6664: 6660: 6650: 6648: 6639: 6638: 6634: 6624: 6622: 6609: 6608: 6604: 6590: 6588: 6579: 6578: 6574: 6560: 6558: 6554: 6543: 6537: 6533: 6525: 6518: 6506: 6502: 6494:, p. 100; 6490: 6486: 6478: 6474: 6464: 6462: 6447: 6443: 6435:, p. 103; 6431: 6427: 6417: 6415: 6398: 6394: 6384: 6382: 6369: 6368: 6364: 6356: 6352: 6340: 6336: 6324: 6320: 6308: 6304: 6292:, p. 138; 6284: 6280: 6264: 6260: 6248:, p. 512; 6244: 6240: 6232:, p. 194; 6228: 6224: 6216: 6212: 6204: 6200: 6188: 6184: 6176: 6172: 6164: 6160: 6152: 6148: 6132: 6128: 6116: 6112: 6104: 6097: 6087: 6085: 6068: 6064: 6048: 6044: 6036: 6032: 6020: 6016: 6004: 6000: 5992: 5988: 5980: 5976: 5968: 5964: 5956: 5952: 5940: 5936: 5924: 5920: 5900: 5896: 5886: 5884: 5873:"Conotocarious" 5871: 5870: 5866: 5858: 5854: 5842: 5838: 5830: 5826: 5814: 5810: 5800: 5798: 5783: 5779: 5771: 5767: 5755: 5751: 5741: 5739: 5732:Founders Online 5726: 5725: 5718: 5702: 5698: 5688: 5686: 5673: 5672: 5668: 5664:, pp. 5–6. 5652: 5648: 5638: 5636: 5623: 5622: 5618: 5608: 5606: 5589: 5588: 5581: 5577:, pp. 6–8. 5569: 5565: 5561:, pp. 5–7. 5553: 5549: 5545:, pp. 3–6. 5541: 5537: 5527: 5525: 5510: 5509: 5505: 5497: 5493: 5489: 5484: 5483: 5474: 5470: 5449: 5445: 5439: 5435: 5430: 5426: 5413: 5409: 5404: 5400: 5390: 5386: 5373: 5369: 5360: 5356: 5347: 5343: 5337: 5333: 5316: 5312: 5307: 5303: 5298: 5294: 5289: 5285: 5274: 5270: 5256: 5252: 5247: 5219:Founders Online 5215: 5209: 5204: 5203: 5202: 5201: 5200: 5194: 5186: 5185: 5179: 5171: 5170: 5164: 5156: 5155: 5149: 5141: 5140: 5137: 5103:one-dollar bill 5099: 5093: 5028: 5027: 5026: 5025: 5024: 5014: 5006: 5005: 4999: 4988: 4978: 4841: 4835: 4825: 4797:Jacques Brissot 4778:Lund Washington 4747: 4741: 4712:Pennsylvania's 4648: 4624: 4614: 4608: 4504:deistic thought 4453: 4447: 4375: 4315: 4309: 4220: 4168: 4163: 4157: 4137:Abraham Lincoln 4058: 4052: 4040:Barbary pirates 3996:William Cushing 3957: 3922:Fort Washington 3824: 3814: 3802:Main articles: 3800: 3747: 3745:Foreign affairs 3690: 3684: 3660: 3659: 3658: 3657: 3640: 3639: 3638: 3630: 3629: 3618: 3546: 3498: 3455: 3453:Domestic issues 3415:Edmund Randolph 3395:1795–1797 3383:1794–1795 3371:1789–1794 3367:Edmund Randolph 3352:1796–1797 3328:1789–1794 3309:1795–1797 3297:1789–1795 3278:1795–1797 3266:1794–1795 3262:Edmund Randolph 3254:1790–1793 3242:1789–1790 3222:1789–1797 3203:1789–1797 3170: 3164: 3156:Barbary pirates 3106:Washington was 3090: 3084: 3076:Charles Thomson 3070: 3064: 3058: 3041: 3025:Edmund Randolph 3002:Edmund Randolph 2947: 2941: 2892: 2888: 2885: 2883: 2880: 2876: 2874: 2866: 2861: 2851: 2831:Fraunces Tavern 2815:Treaty of Paris 2776: 2770: 2761:Treaty of Paris 2725: 2719: 2656:New York Harbor 2635:rangers led by 2594: 2588: 2525:Benedict Arnold 2513: 2505:Main articles: 2503: 2460:internal revolt 2449:pounds sterling 2400: 2392:Main articles: 2390: 2366:Benedict Arnold 2337:Washington and 2296: 2284:Main articles: 2282: 2277: 2271: 2176:John Cadwalader 2091: 2075:Main articles: 2073: 2042:Fort Washington 1997: 1989: 1949: 1943: 1938: 1932: 1847: 1845:Siege of Boston 1841: 1839:Siege of Boston 1797:Philip Schuyler 1778:Siege of Boston 1774:United Colonies 1737: 1727: 1711:Siege of Boston 1653:Declaratory Act 1625: 1615: 1607:Burwell Bassett 1517: 1516: 1515: 1514: 1513: 1504: 1496: 1495: 1486: 1475: 1469: 1437:William Shirley 1429:Fort Cumberland 1393:Edward Braddock 1349:led by Captain 1297: 1287: 1281: 1258:John Washington 1214: 1175:William Fairfax 1070: 1068:British America 1060: 1024:federal holiday 950:Treaty of Paris 922:Culpeper County 879:Founding Father 874: 860: 857: 826:Boston campaign 782: 781: 776: 765: 743: 694: 674: 648: 612: 591: 558: 537: 525: 521: 503:Political party 491: 489: 485: 482: 477: 474: 472: 470: 469: 468: 455: 451: 438: 416: 411: 403: 382: 372: 366: 361: 352: 339: 327: 321: 316: 306: 286: 279:Richard Terrick 273: 257: 252: 227: 215: 203: 197: 192: 169: 163:James Wilkinson 157: 143: 138: 118: 106: 94: 88: 83: 66: 63: 48: 39: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 26456: 26446: 26445: 26440: 26435: 26430: 26425: 26420: 26415: 26410: 26405: 26400: 26395: 26390: 26385: 26380: 26375: 26370: 26365: 26360: 26355: 26350: 26345: 26340: 26335: 26330: 26325: 26320: 26315: 26310: 26305: 26300: 26295: 26290: 26285: 26280: 26275: 26270: 26265: 26260: 26255: 26250: 26245: 26240: 26235: 26230: 26225: 26220: 26215: 26210: 26205: 26200: 26195: 26190: 26185: 26170: 26169: 26152: 26150:from Wikiquote 26135: 26106: 26103: 26102: 26090: 26078: 26066: 26043: 26042: 26037: 26036: 26034: 26033: 26024: 26015: 26010: 26005: 25998: 25996: 25992: 25991: 25989: 25988: 25983: 25978: 25972: 25970: 25966: 25965: 25963: 25962: 25956: 25954: 25950: 25949: 25947: 25946: 25940: 25938: 25934: 25933: 25931: 25930: 25925: 25920: 25915: 25909: 25907: 25903: 25902: 25893: 25891: 25889: 25888: 25878: 25875:Doane Robinson 25872: 25869:Walter K. Long 25866: 25865:(chief carver) 25860: 25854: 25851:Gutzon Borglum 25847: 25845: 25839: 25838: 25831: 25828: 25827: 25824:Mount Rushmore 25820: 25819: 25812: 25805: 25797: 25788: 25787: 25785: 25784: 25779: 25777:Orville Wright 25774: 25772:Woodrow Wilson 25769: 25767:Roger Williams 25764: 25759: 25754: 25749: 25744: 25739: 25734: 25729: 25727:Daniel Webster 25724: 25719: 25714: 25709: 25704: 25699: 25694: 25692:Gilbert Stuart 25689: 25684: 25679: 25674: 25669: 25664: 25659: 25654: 25649: 25644: 25639: 25637:George Peabody 25634: 25629: 25624: 25619: 25614: 25609: 25604: 25599: 25594: 25592:Maria Mitchell 25589: 25584: 25579: 25574: 25569: 25564: 25559: 25554: 25549: 25544: 25539: 25534: 25529: 25524: 25519: 25514: 25509: 25507:Andrew Jackson 25504: 25499: 25494: 25489: 25484: 25479: 25474: 25469: 25464: 25459: 25454: 25449: 25444: 25439: 25434: 25429: 25427:Stephen Foster 25424: 25422:David Farragut 25419: 25414: 25409: 25404: 25399: 25394: 25389: 25384: 25379: 25374: 25369: 25364: 25359: 25354: 25352:Luther Burbank 25349: 25344: 25339: 25337:Louis Brandeis 25334: 25329: 25324: 25319: 25314: 25309: 25304: 25299: 25294: 25289: 25284: 25279: 25273: 25270: 25269: 25261: 25260: 25253: 25246: 25238: 25229: 25228: 25226: 25225: 25219: 25213: 25207: 25201: 25195: 25189: 25183: 25177: 25174:Colgate Darden 25171: 25165: 25159: 25153: 25147: 25141: 25135: 25129: 25123: 25117: 25111: 25105: 25099: 25093: 25087: 25081: 25075: 25069: 25063: 25057: 25054:Thomas Tenison 25051: 25044: 25041: 25040: 25031: 25030: 25023: 25016: 25008: 24999: 24998: 24996: 24995: 24981: 24966: 24963: 24962: 24960: 24959: 24954: 24949: 24944: 24938: 24936: 24932: 24931: 24929: 24928: 24923: 24918: 24913: 24907: 24905: 24901: 24900: 24898: 24897: 24890: 24883: 24878: 24873: 24865: 24863: 24859: 24858: 24856: 24855: 24848: 24843: 24838: 24833: 24828: 24823: 24818: 24812: 24810: 24806: 24805: 24798: 24796: 24794: 24793: 24788: 24785: 24781: 24779: 24775: 24774: 24765: 24764: 24757: 24750: 24742: 24733: 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24180: 24174: 24172: 24168: 24167: 24160: 24159: 24152: 24145: 24137: 24128: 24127: 24124: 24123: 24120: 24119: 24117: 24116: 24111: 24106: 24105: 24104: 24099: 24094: 24089: 24084: 24079: 24074: 24069: 24064: 24062:Minor holidays 24059: 24054: 24049: 24044: 24039: 24034: 24029: 24024: 24019: 24009: 24004: 23999: 23994: 23989: 23984: 23979: 23974: 23969: 23963: 23961: 23957: 23956: 23954: 23953: 23948: 23943: 23938: 23932: 23930: 23926: 23925: 23923: 23922: 23914: 23908: 23906: 23898: 23897: 23895: 23894: 23893:Related topics 23883: 23882: 23879: 23878: 23876: 23875: 23870: 23865: 23863:Bill of Rights 23860: 23855: 23848: 23843: 23838: 23833: 23828: 23822: 23819: 23818: 23808: 23807: 23804: 23803: 23800: 23799: 23796: 23795: 23793: 23792: 23787: 23782: 23777: 23772: 23767: 23762: 23757: 23752: 23746: 23744: 23737: 23733: 23732: 23729: 23728: 23726: 23725: 23720: 23715: 23710: 23705: 23700: 23695: 23690: 23685: 23680: 23675: 23670: 23665: 23660: 23655: 23650: 23645: 23640: 23634: 23632: 23628: 23627: 23625: 23624: 23619: 23614: 23609: 23604: 23599: 23594: 23589: 23584: 23579: 23574: 23569: 23564: 23559: 23554: 23549: 23544: 23539: 23534: 23529: 23524: 23519: 23514: 23509: 23504: 23499: 23494: 23489: 23484: 23478: 23476: 23469: 23465: 23464: 23461: 23460: 23458: 23457: 23452: 23447: 23442: 23437: 23432: 23427: 23422: 23416: 23414: 23410: 23409: 23407: 23406: 23401: 23396: 23391: 23386: 23381: 23376: 23371: 23366: 23361: 23356: 23351: 23346: 23341: 23335: 23333: 23326: 23318: 23317: 23307: 23306: 23303: 23302: 23299: 23298: 23295: 23294: 23292: 23291: 23286: 23281: 23276: 23270: 23268: 23267:Loyal colonies 23264: 23263: 23261: 23260: 23255: 23253:South Carolina 23250: 23245: 23240: 23238:North Carolina 23235: 23230: 23225: 23220: 23215: 23210: 23205: 23200: 23194: 23192: 23190:Rebel colonies 23183: 23175: 23172: 23171: 23169: 23168: 23163: 23158: 23152: 23150: 23146: 23145: 23143: 23142: 23137: 23132: 23130:Sint Eustatius 23127: 23122: 23117: 23112: 23107: 23102: 23097: 23092: 23090:"First Salute" 23087: 23081: 23079: 23075: 23074: 23072: 23071: 23066: 23061: 23056: 23051: 23046: 23041: 23036: 23034:Kings Mountain 23031: 23026: 23021: 23016: 23011: 23006: 23001: 22996: 22991: 22986: 22981: 22976: 22971: 22966: 22961: 22956: 22951: 22946: 22941: 22936: 22931: 22926: 22924:Harlem Heights 22921: 22916: 22914:Valcour Island 22911: 22906: 22901: 22896: 22891: 22885: 22883: 22876: 22875: 22873: 22872: 22867: 22862: 22857: 22852: 22847: 22842: 22837: 22832: 22827: 22822: 22817: 22811: 22809: 22804: 22801: 22800: 22797: 22796: 22794: 22793: 22788: 22783: 22782: 22781: 22776: 22771: 22760: 22758: 22754: 22753: 22751: 22750: 22745: 22740: 22735: 22729: 22727: 22721: 22720: 22718: 22717: 22712: 22707: 22702: 22696: 22694: 22681: 22673: 22672: 22670: 22669: 22666: 22663: 22660: 22657: 22654: 22643: 22642: 22639: 22638: 22635: 22634: 22632: 22631: 22626: 22621: 22616: 22611: 22606: 22601: 22596: 22591: 22585: 22583: 22579: 22578: 22576: 22575: 22570: 22561: 22556: 22551: 22549:Lee Resolution 22546: 22541: 22536: 22531: 22526: 22521: 22516: 22511: 22506: 22501: 22496: 22491: 22486: 22479: 22474: 22469: 22467:Black Patriots 22464: 22459: 22454: 22449: 22444: 22439: 22434: 22428: 22426: 22422: 22421: 22419: 22418: 22413: 22408: 22403: 22398: 22393: 22388: 22383: 22378: 22373: 22367: 22362: 22357: 22352: 22347: 22342: 22337: 22331: 22329: 22324: 22321: 22320: 22318: 22317: 22315:Black Loyalist 22312: 22307: 22302: 22297: 22292: 22290:North ministry 22287: 22282: 22277: 22272: 22267: 22262: 22256: 22254: 22250: 22249: 22247: 22246: 22241: 22236: 22229: 22222: 22215: 22210: 22203: 22198: 22193: 22188: 22183: 22178: 22173: 22168: 22162: 22160: 22152: 22151: 22138: 22137: 22130: 22129: 22122: 22115: 22107: 22098: 22097: 22095: 22094: 22089: 22084: 22079: 22074: 22069: 22064: 22059: 22054: 22049: 22044: 22039: 22034: 22029: 22024: 22019: 22014: 22009: 22004: 21999: 21994: 21989: 21984: 21979: 21974: 21969: 21964: 21959: 21954: 21949: 21944: 21939: 21934: 21929: 21924: 21919: 21914: 21909: 21904: 21898: 21896: 21890: 21889: 21887: 21886: 21881: 21876: 21871: 21866: 21861: 21856: 21851: 21846: 21841: 21836: 21831: 21826: 21821: 21816: 21811: 21806: 21801: 21796: 21791: 21786: 21781: 21776: 21771: 21766: 21761: 21756: 21751: 21746: 21741: 21736: 21731: 21726: 21721: 21716: 21711: 21706: 21701: 21696: 21691: 21686: 21681: 21675: 21673: 21667: 21666: 21652: 21650: 21648: 21647: 21642: 21637: 21632: 21627: 21622: 21617: 21612: 21607: 21602: 21597: 21592: 21587: 21582: 21577: 21572: 21567: 21562: 21557: 21551: 21549: 21541: 21540: 21532: 21531: 21524: 21517: 21509: 21500: 21499: 21497: 21496: 21491: 21483: 21475: 21470: 21465: 21460: 21455: 21450: 21449: 21448: 21437: 21435: 21429: 21428: 21426: 21425: 21420: 21415: 21407: 21405: 21401: 21400: 21397: 21396: 21394: 21393: 21387: 21385: 21381: 21380: 21378: 21377: 21372: 21366: 21364: 21360: 21359: 21357: 21356: 21351: 21346: 21341: 21335: 21333: 21332:South Carolina 21329: 21328: 21326: 21325: 21320: 21315: 21313:William Blount 21309: 21307: 21306:North Carolina 21303: 21302: 21300: 21299: 21294: 21288: 21286: 21282: 21281: 21279: 21278: 21276:Daniel Carroll 21273: 21268: 21262: 21260: 21256: 21255: 21253: 21252: 21247: 21242: 21240:John Dickinson 21237: 21232: 21226: 21224: 21220: 21219: 21217: 21216: 21211: 21206: 21201: 21196: 21191: 21186: 21184:Thomas Mifflin 21181: 21175: 21173: 21169: 21168: 21166: 21165: 21160: 21155: 21153:David Brearley 21150: 21144: 21142: 21138: 21137: 21135: 21134: 21128: 21126: 21122: 21121: 21119: 21118: 21113: 21107: 21105: 21101: 21100: 21098: 21097: 21092: 21086: 21084: 21080: 21079: 21077: 21076: 21071: 21065: 21063: 21059: 21058: 21056: 21055: 21049: 21047: 21040: 21034: 21033: 21031: 21030: 21025: 21023:Taxation power 21020: 21015: 21010: 21005: 21000: 20995: 20990: 20985: 20980: 20975: 20970: 20968:Implied powers 20965: 20960: 20955: 20950: 20945: 20940: 20935: 20930: 20925: 20919: 20917: 20916:Interpretation 20913: 20912: 20910: 20909: 20904: 20899: 20881: 20876: 20871: 20864: 20859: 20854: 20849: 20844: 20839: 20834: 20829: 20824: 20819: 20814: 20812:Recommendation 20809: 20804: 20799: 20794: 20789: 20784: 20779: 20774: 20769: 20764: 20759: 20754: 20749: 20744: 20739: 20734: 20729: 20724: 20719: 20714: 20709: 20704: 20699: 20697:Fugitive Slave 20694: 20689: 20684: 20679: 20674: 20667: 20665:Excessive Bail 20662: 20657: 20652: 20647: 20642: 20637: 20632: 20627: 20622: 20617: 20612: 20607: 20602: 20597: 20592: 20587: 20582: 20577: 20572: 20567: 20565:Appropriations 20562: 20557: 20551: 20549: 20543: 20542: 20540: 20539: 20534: 20529: 20524: 20519: 20514: 20509: 20504: 20499: 20492: 20491: 20490: 20485: 20480: 20475: 20470: 20465: 20460: 20455: 20450: 20445: 20435: 20430: 20425: 20420: 20414: 20412: 20408: 20407: 20404: 20403: 20401: 20400: 20395: 20389: 20386: 20385: 20383: 20382: 20377: 20375:Single subject 20372: 20367: 20362: 20357: 20352: 20347: 20342: 20337: 20332: 20327: 20322: 20317: 20312: 20307: 20302: 20296: 20294: 20288: 20287: 20285: 20284: 20279: 20274: 20269: 20264: 20259: 20253: 20251: 20245: 20244: 20241: 20240: 20238: 20237: 20232: 20227: 20222: 20217: 20212: 20207: 20202: 20197: 20192: 20187: 20182: 20176: 20174: 20170: 20169: 20167: 20166: 20161: 20156: 20150: 20148: 20146:Reconstruction 20142: 20141: 20139: 20138: 20133: 20127: 20125: 20121: 20120: 20118: 20117: 20112: 20107: 20102: 20097: 20092: 20087: 20082: 20077: 20072: 20066: 20064: 20062:Bill of Rights 20051: 20045: 20044: 20042: 20041: 20036: 20031: 20026: 20021: 20016: 20011: 20006: 20000: 19998: 19994: 19993: 19986: 19985: 19978: 19971: 19963: 19954: 19953: 19951: 19950: 19949: 19948: 19937: 19935: 19931: 19930: 19928: 19927: 19922: 19917: 19912: 19907: 19902: 19897: 19892: 19886: 19884: 19880: 19879: 19876: 19875: 19873: 19872: 19867: 19862: 19857: 19852: 19846: 19844: 19843:South Carolina 19840: 19839: 19837: 19836: 19831: 19826: 19824:William Hooper 19820: 19818: 19817:North Carolina 19814: 19813: 19811: 19810: 19805: 19800: 19795: 19790: 19785: 19779: 19777: 19773: 19772: 19770: 19769: 19764: 19759: 19754: 19748: 19746: 19742: 19741: 19739: 19738: 19733: 19728: 19722: 19720: 19716: 19715: 19713: 19712: 19707: 19702: 19697: 19695:Thomas Mifflin 19692: 19687: 19685:John Dickinson 19682: 19676: 19674: 19670: 19669: 19667: 19666: 19661: 19656: 19651: 19646: 19640: 19638: 19634: 19633: 19631: 19630: 19625: 19620: 19615: 19610: 19605: 19600: 19595: 19589: 19587: 19583: 19582: 19580: 19579: 19574: 19569: 19567:Eliphalet Dyer 19563: 19561: 19557: 19556: 19554: 19553: 19548: 19542: 19540: 19536: 19535: 19533: 19532: 19527: 19522: 19517: 19515:Thomas Cushing 19511: 19509: 19505: 19504: 19502: 19501: 19496: 19490: 19488: 19484: 19483: 19481: 19480: 19474: 19472: 19465: 19461: 19460: 19453: 19452: 19445: 19438: 19430: 19421: 19420: 19418: 19417: 19407: 19396: 19393: 19392: 19390: 19389: 19384: 19379: 19374: 19369: 19364: 19359: 19354: 19349: 19344: 19339: 19334: 19329: 19324: 19319: 19314: 19309: 19304: 19299: 19294: 19289: 19284: 19279: 19273: 19271: 19265: 19264: 19260: 19259: 19249: 19239: 19229: 19222:George W. Bush 19219: 19209: 19199: 19189: 19179: 19169: 19159: 19149: 19139: 19129: 19119: 19109: 19102:Herbert Hoover 19099: 19089: 19079: 19072:Woodrow Wilson 19069: 19059: 19049: 19039: 19029: 19019: 19009: 18999: 18989: 18979: 18969: 18962:Andrew Johnson 18959: 18949: 18942:James Buchanan 18939: 18929: 18919: 18912:Zachary Taylor 18909: 18899: 18889: 18879: 18869: 18862:Andrew Jackson 18859: 18849: 18839: 18829: 18819: 18809: 18798: 18797: 18796: 18794: 18791:Presidents and 18788: 18787: 18780: 18779: 18772: 18765: 18757: 18751: 18748: 18747: 18735: 18734: 18730: 18729: 18723: 18720: 18711: 18705: 18701: 18700: 18696: 18695: 18690: 18687: 18677: 18676: 18671: 18668: 18657:Delegate from 18654: 18648: 18647: 18642: 18635:Member of the 18632: 18629: 18625: 18624: 18620: 18619: 18614: 18611: 18602: 18597: 18593: 18592: 18587:Senior Officer 18577: 18574: 18564: 18558: 18557: 18551: 18548: 18547: 18535: 18534: 18532: 18531: 18518: 18517: 18509: 18506: 18505: 18503: 18502: 18497: 18495:Deborah Squash 18492: 18487: 18485:Hercules Posey 18482: 18477: 18472: 18467: 18465:William Costin 18462: 18457: 18452: 18446: 18444: 18440: 18439: 18437: 18436: 18430: 18424: 18418: 18412: 18406: 18400: 18394: 18388: 18382: 18381:(half-brother) 18376: 18375:(half-brother) 18370: 18364: 18358: 18352: 18346: 18340: 18333: 18331: 18325: 18324: 18322: 18321: 18316: 18311: 18306: 18301: 18296: 18295: 18294: 18284: 18279: 18274: 18269: 18264: 18259: 18254: 18249: 18244: 18239: 18234: 18229: 18224: 18219: 18218: 18217: 18215:Federalist Era 18207: 18202: 18197: 18192: 18187: 18181: 18179: 18175: 18174: 18172: 18171: 18159: 18151: 18143: 18135: 18127: 18119: 18111: 18106: 18098: 18093: 18088: 18087: 18086: 18081: 18076: 18071: 18066: 18061: 18056: 18051: 18046: 18041: 18036: 18031: 18021: 18020: 18019: 18014: 18004: 18003: 18002: 17992: 17987: 17982: 17977: 17972: 17967: 17962: 17957: 17952: 17947: 17942: 17937: 17932: 17931: 17930: 17920: 17915: 17910: 17905: 17900: 17895: 17890: 17885: 17877: 17872: 17867: 17862: 17857: 17850: 17842: 17837: 17832: 17827: 17820: 17813: 17806: 17799: 17792: 17785: 17780: 17775: 17767: 17759: 17751: 17743: 17742: 17741: 17728: 17723: 17718: 17711: 17706: 17701: 17699:Mount Rushmore 17696: 17691: 17686: 17680: 17678: 17667: 17666: 17664: 17663: 17658: 17653: 17648: 17643: 17637: 17632: 17627: 17622: 17617: 17612: 17607: 17602: 17597: 17592: 17587: 17582: 17577: 17572: 17567: 17566: 17565: 17560: 17555: 17550: 17540: 17535: 17530: 17524: 17522: 17521:Life and homes 17518: 17517: 17515: 17514: 17509: 17507:Town Destroyer 17504: 17499: 17494: 17489: 17483: 17481: 17475: 17474: 17472: 17471: 17470: 17469: 17459: 17454: 17449: 17444: 17439: 17434: 17429: 17424: 17419: 17414: 17409: 17404: 17399: 17398: 17397: 17387: 17382: 17377: 17376: 17375: 17365: 17364: 17363: 17353: 17348: 17343: 17338: 17337: 17336: 17331: 17326: 17321: 17311: 17306: 17305: 17304: 17294: 17289: 17288: 17287: 17277: 17271: 17269: 17258: 17257: 17255: 17254: 17249: 17244: 17239: 17234: 17229: 17224: 17218: 17216: 17208: 17207: 17205: 17204: 17203: 17202: 17197: 17189: 17184: 17183: 17182: 17172: 17167: 17165:Evacuation Day 17162: 17157: 17156: 17155: 17145: 17140: 17139: 17138: 17128: 17123: 17118: 17117: 17116: 17111: 17106: 17101: 17096: 17086: 17085: 17084: 17079: 17074: 17069: 17059: 17058: 17057: 17047: 17046: 17045: 17035: 17030: 17025: 17020: 17019: 17018: 17013: 17008: 17003: 16993: 16987: 16985: 16975: 16974: 16972: 16971: 16961: 16951: 16944: 16938: 16928: 16925: 16924: 16917: 16916: 16909: 16902: 16894: 16888: 16887: 16878: 16869: 16859: 16849: 16835: 16826: 16813: 16796: 16782: 16775: 16763: 16746: 16745: 16743: 16742:External links 16740: 16739: 16738: 16725: 16712: 16699: 16686: 16673: 16660: 16647: 16628: 16627: 16622: 16616: 16615: 16604: 16603: 16601: 16598: 16596: 16595: 16570: 16546: 16519: 16490: 16473: 16448: 16424: 16387: 16361:(2): 279–301. 16350: 16321: 16301: 16284: 16259:(3): 567–584. 16239: 16221:(2): 187–220. 16210: 16185: 16156: 16146:(2): 127–158. 16135: 16117:(3): 393–422. 16104: 16076:(8): 770–774. 16059: 16056: 16055: 16054: 16049:978-0307390684 16048: 16033: 16028:978-0813920054 16027: 16012: 16007:978-0679404934 16006: 15988: 15983:978-0669134230 15982: 15969: 15964:978-0374175269 15963: 15949:Wiencek, Henry 15945: 15931: 15920: 15915:978-0816068593 15914: 15896: 15895: 15881: 15876:978-0306822414 15875: 15855: 15838:978-0813920054 15837: 15820: 15803:978-0813927633 15802: 15787: 15782:978-0393354768 15781: 15765: 15764: 15759:978-0803296886 15758: 15745: 15734: 15729:978-0738711485 15728: 15713: 15702: 15691: 15685: 15672: 15658: 15653:978-0847682621 15652: 15635: 15630:978-0931917387 15629: 15613: 15612: 15607:978-0553804218 15606: 15593: 15588:978-0813919003 15587: 15570: 15564: 15549: 15544:978-0805027792 15543: 15525: 15524: 15519:978-0230611429 15518: 15503: 15498:978-0143110194 15497: 15482: 15471: 15466:978-0880800136 15465: 15447: 15442:978-1596981645 15441: 15425: 15424: 15419:978-1476601182 15418: 15403: 15397: 15383:Novak, Michael 15379: 15374:978-1250096821 15373: 15357: 15356: 15351:978-0801891090 15350: 15335: 15330:978-1101874240 15329: 15311: 15306:978-0743226714 15305: 15287: 15270:978-0803216358 15269: 15253: 15252: 15241: 15236:978-1250023148 15235: 15220: 15214: 15194: 15178: 15173:978-0828102810 15172: 15158:Plumb, John H. 15152: 15151: 15146:978-0029175514 15145: 15128: 15123:978-0805060980 15122: 15116:. Henry Holt. 15106: 15105: 15094: 15089:978-0804722933 15088: 15075: 15060: 15059: 15048: 15043:978-0743260848 15042: 15023: 15022: 15017:978-0826211354 15016: 14999: 14994:978-1400886784 14993: 14978: 14973:978-0813920054 14972: 14957: 14952:978-0813944807 14951: 14938: 14933:978-0813927411 14932: 14917: 14912:978-1591027225 14911: 14898: 14893:978-0190456672 14892: 14878: 14877: 14872:978-0976823889 14871: 14858: 14853:978-1576070826 14852: 14834: 14829:978-1882926381 14828: 14814:Gregg, Gary L. 14810: 14805:978-1400833566 14804: 14789: 14784:978-0806135854 14783: 14767: 14766: 14755: 14742: 14737:978-0823420698 14736: 14721: 14707: 14702:978-0700618453 14701: 14688: 14683:978-0815602637 14682: 14667: 14662:978-0316286053 14661: 14646: 14641:978-0316286022 14640: 14625: 14620:978-0316286008 14619: 14604: 14593: 14588:978-0316285971 14587: 14567: 14551: 14546:978-0275968687 14545: 14530: 14525:978-0195170344 14524: 14506: 14501:978-1608195428 14500: 14485: 14480:978-1608191826 14479: 14462: 14457:978-0199758470 14456: 14439: 14434:978-0195134094 14433: 14418: 14413:978-0199752751 14412: 14394: 14389:978-0945582380 14388: 14372: 14371: 14366:978-0375705243 14365: 14348: 14343:978-1400040315 14342: 14322: 14317:978-0195093810 14316: 14297: 14296: 14291:978-0394463889 14290: 14275: 14270:978-0195121148 14269: 14251: 14250: 14245:978-0316164344 14244: 14224: 14219:978-0199547937 14218: 14205: 14200:978-0674024588 14199: 14184: 14179:978-0684312262 14178: 14165: 14160:978-0735224100 14159: 14143: 14138:978-0788128189 14137: 14122: 14117:978-1594202667 14116: 14101: 14095: 14077: 14072:978-0393243949 14071: 14056: 14051:978-0190652166 14050: 14034: 14033: 14028:978-1849165464 14027: 14012: 14007:978-0307756473 14006: 13988: 13975: 13970:978-0160359125 13969: 13954: 13938: 13933:978-0440059233 13932: 13912:Banning, Lance 13907: 13906: 13901:978-1476746463 13900: 13882: 13877:978-0307425393 13876: 13862:Anderson, Fred 13858: 13853:978-0807121269 13852: 13837: 13832:978-0684312262 13831: 13818: 13801: 13798: 13797: 13788: 13785: 13783: 13782: 13746: 13714: 13684: 13652: 13620: 13601:July 4, 2023. 13595:Britannica.com 13582: 13564:Foreign Policy 13549: 13518: 13506: 13504:, p. 666. 13494: 13468: 13462:978-0271010892 13461: 13443: 13441:, p. 446. 13431: 13419: 13407: 13374: 13354: 13342: 13311: 13285: 13273: 13261: 13238: 13226: 13194: 13164: 13158:, p. xi; 13144: 13142:, p. 133. 13132: 13102: 13090: 13088:, p. 815. 13078: 13076:, p. 802. 13066: 13036: 13020: 13018:, p. 404. 13008: 12996: 12994:, p. 274. 12984: 12982:, p. 257. 12972: 12970:, p. 363. 12952: 12950:, p. 202. 12932: 12930:, p. 280. 12920: 12918:, p. 289. 12900: 12884: 12882:, p. 292. 12872: 12870:, p. 201. 12860: 12858:, p. 417. 12848: 12836: 12834:, p. 126. 12820: 12785: 12769: 12767:, p. 283. 12741: 12739:, p. 298. 12729: 12717: 12705: 12693: 12662: 12650: 12620: 12590: 12584:, p. 46; 12570: 12554: 12542: 12527: 12515: 12513:, p. 348. 12503: 12487: 12485:, p. 299. 12475: 12473:, p. 260. 12463: 12461:, p. 426. 12447: 12445:, p. 413. 12435: 12433:, p. 116. 12423: 12392: 12372: 12356: 12320: 12290: 12278: 12276:, p. 146. 12274:Henriques 2006 12266: 12240: 12228: 12222:, p. 67; 12212: 12200: 12176: 12164: 12162:, p. 313. 12149: 12147:, p. 131. 12137: 12135:, p. 125. 12125: 12105: 12099:, p. 95; 12089: 12077: 12061: 12034: 12028:, p. 67; 12018: 12006:Johnstone 1919 11994: 11974: 11968:, p. 40; 11954: 11948:, p. 17; 11926: 11911: 11909:, p. 134. 11899: 11897:, p. 469. 11887: 11875: 11873:, p. 124. 11863: 11851: 11820: 11790: 11759: 11728: 11716: 11704: 11698:, p. 16; 11688: 11658: 11646: 11636:, p. 16; 11626: 11614: 11598: 11586: 11553: 11541: 11508: 11477: 11465: 11453: 11451:, p. 809. 11441: 11425: 11413: 11411:, p. 814. 11401: 11386: 11374: 11362: 11360:, p. 359. 11350: 11334: 11332:, p. 808. 11322: 11320:, p. 365. 11310: 11308:, p. 269. 11298: 11283: 11281:, p. 257. 11267: 11246:"Death Defied" 11237: 11221: 11191: 11179: 11177:, p. 351. 11163: 11161:, p. 708. 11151: 11149:, p. 264. 11135: 11123: 11111: 11095: 11093:, p. 497. 11083: 11081:, p. 386. 11071: 11059: 11026: 11014: 11012:, p. 142. 10998: 10996:, p. 444. 10986: 10984:, p. 143. 10974: 10972:, p. 280. 10962: 10934: 10932:, p. 133. 10922: 10906: 10890: 10874: 10858: 10834: 10822: 10816:, p. 58; 10806: 10787:(3): 439–453. 10771: 10755: 10739: 10737:, p. 713. 10727: 10715: 10699: 10687: 10667: 10651: 10649:, p. 403. 10639: 10619: 10617:, p. 687. 10607: 10605:, p. 484. 10587: 10585:, p. 406. 10581:, p. 14; 10571: 10569:, p. 668. 10555: 10553:, p. 668. 10549:, p. 10; 10539: 10504: 10502:, p. 149. 10484: 10468: 10451: 10449:, p. 406. 10435: 10423: 10392: 10390:, p. 149. 10380: 10378:, p. 665. 10360: 10358:, p. 357. 10344: 10332: 10330:, p. 343. 10320: 10318:, p. 344. 10308: 10292: 10290:, p. 340. 10280: 10278:, p. 730. 10268: 10256: 10226: 10214: 10202: 10190: 10174: 10162: 10160:, p. 219. 10143: 10131: 10119: 10107: 10095: 10093:, p. 427. 10079: 10067: 10051: 10035: 10019: 10007: 9991: 9979: 9967: 9955: 9943: 9941:, p. 345. 9931: 9898: 9886: 9849: 9842: 9822: 9815: 9795: 9783: 9767: 9761:, p. 65; 9759:Henriques 2006 9747: 9732: 9725: 9703: 9701:, p. 290. 9691: 9675: 9659: 9657:, p. 514. 9647: 9645:, p. 575. 9635: 9618: 9616:, p. 478. 9602: 9586: 9570: 9558: 9546: 9544:, p. 155. 9534: 9522: 9506: 9504:, p. 236. 9490: 9488:, p. 568. 9474: 9472:, p. 448. 9458: 9456:, p. 522. 9438: 9436:, p. 236. 9422: 9395: 9379: 9377:, p. 274. 9367: 9365:, p. 551. 9355: 9353:, p. 361. 9339: 9319: 9288: 9255: 9253:, p. 229. 9243: 9228: 9216: 9195: 9179: 9163: 9161:, p. 266. 9147: 9131: 9129:, p. 266. 9115: 9103: 9101:, p. 266. 9083: 9053: 9047:, p. 52; 9037: 9035:, p. 167. 9017: 9005: 8989: 8987:, p. 246. 8977: 8975:, p. 112. 8957: 8955:, p. 444. 8945: 8943:, p. 412. 8939:, p. 96; 8935:, p. xx; 8921: 8909: 8893: 8877: 8875:, p. 319. 8865: 8863:, p. 405. 8853: 8837: 8806: 8779: 8777:, p. 209. 8767: 8755: 8743: 8737:978-0061139109 8736: 8716: 8714:, p. 419. 8704: 8702:, p. 419. 8694:, p. 38; 8684: 8682:, p. 337. 8664: 8629: 8627:, p. 413. 8617: 8615:, p. 335. 8605: 8589: 8587:, p. 403. 8577: 8575:, p. 339. 8565: 8563:, p. 193. 8553: 8541: 8539:, p. 311. 8529: 8517: 8505: 8503:, p. 234. 8493: 8491:, p. 108. 8481: 8454:(4): 427–453. 8438: 8436:, p. 360. 8426: 8424:, p. 303. 8414: 8412:, p. 184. 8402: 8400:, p. 230. 8390: 8388:, p. 212. 8374: 8372:, p. 232. 8358: 8356:, p. 410. 8346:Van Doren 1941 8338: 8322: 8318:Philbrick 2016 8298: 8296:, p. 196. 8274: 8270:Philbrick 2016 8258: 8254:Philbrick 2016 8242: 8230: 8228:, p. 274. 8218: 8216:, p. 344. 8206: 8190: 8188:, p. 296. 8178: 8176:, p. 188. 8166: 8135: 8133:, p. 336. 8123: 8121:, p. 168. 8103: 8087: 8068: 8066:, p. 165. 8056: 8036: 8005: 8003:, p. 163. 7993: 7981: 7965: 7953: 7951:, p. 188. 7941: 7939:, p. 367. 7925: 7923:, p. 151. 7913: 7880: 7868: 7849: 7829: 7808: 7806:, p. 172. 7796: 7776: 7774:, p. 145. 7764: 7762:, p. 146. 7744: 7724: 7712: 7710:, p. 171. 7692: 7690:, p. 273. 7680: 7678:, p. 164. 7665: 7663:, p. 319. 7649: 7637: 7635:, p. 169. 7625: 7623:, p. 264. 7609: 7597: 7581: 7565: 7563:, p. 165. 7549: 7547:, p. 257. 7533: 7531:, p. 165. 7521: 7519:, p. 164. 7501: 7489: 7487:, p. 164. 7477: 7475:, p. 244. 7461: 7445: 7443:, p. 237. 7433: 7417: 7415:, p. 235. 7405: 7393: 7369: 7354: 7350:Henderson 2009 7342: 7340:, p. 100. 7330: 7314: 7298: 7286: 7274: 7272:, p. 514. 7250: 7248:, p. 143. 7238: 7236:, p. 193. 7226: 7214: 7202: 7196:978-0241413333 7195: 7177: 7175:, p. 231. 7165: 7138: 7126: 7110: 7108:, p. 108. 7094: 7068: 7042: 7018: 7016:, p. 514. 6994: 6992:, p. 182. 6982: 6980:, p. 181. 6970: 6968:, p. 132. 6958: 6942: 6926: 6924:, p. 167. 6914: 6912:, p. 101. 6902: 6900:, p. 119. 6882: 6866: 6835: 6833:, p. 103. 6823: 6807: 6791: 6789:, p. 136. 6779: 6777:, p. 154. 6767: 6765:, p. 161. 6755: 6739: 6737:, p. 122. 6724: 6694: 6692:, p. 141. 6682: 6670: 6658: 6632: 6602: 6572: 6531: 6516: 6500: 6498:, p. 184. 6484: 6472: 6441: 6425: 6407:The New Yorker 6392: 6362: 6360:, p. 103. 6350: 6334: 6318: 6302: 6278: 6268:, p. 43; 6258: 6238: 6236:, p. 512. 6222: 6210: 6198: 6192:, p. 24; 6182: 6170: 6158: 6156:, p. 511. 6146: 6126: 6120:, p. 37; 6110: 6095: 6062: 6056:, p. 13; 6042: 6030: 6014: 5998: 5986: 5974: 5972:, p. 222. 5970:Cresswell 2010 5962: 5950: 5934: 5918: 5912:, p. 74; 5894: 5864: 5852: 5836: 5824: 5808: 5777: 5765: 5749: 5716: 5696: 5666: 5660:, p. 14; 5646: 5616: 5579: 5563: 5547: 5535: 5503: 5501:, p. 303. 5490: 5488: 5485: 5482: 5481: 5468: 5443: 5433: 5424: 5407: 5398: 5384: 5367: 5354: 5341: 5331: 5310: 5301: 5292: 5283: 5249: 5248: 5246: 5243: 5242: 5241: 5236: 5231: 5226: 5221: 5208: 5205: 5195: 5188: 5187: 5180: 5173: 5172: 5168:quarter dollar 5165: 5158: 5157: 5150: 5143: 5142: 5138: 5131: 5130: 5129: 5128: 5127: 5092: 5089: 5066:Mount Rushmore 5062:Gutzon Borglum 5021:Mount Rushmore 5015: 5008: 5007: 5000: 4993: 4992: 4991: 4990: 4989: 4977: 4974: 4852:Gilbert Stuart 4824: 4821: 4789:Francis Asbury 4743:Main article: 4740: 4737: 4729:Hercules Posey 4647: 4644: 4610:Main article: 4607: 4604: 4576:Masonic lodges 4492:Fairfax Parish 4449:Main article: 4446: 4443: 4374: 4371: 4308: 4305: 4251:Elisha C. Dick 4219: 4216: 4167: 4164: 4156: 4153: 4081:to prepare a " 4054:Main article: 4051: 4048: 3956: 3953: 3799: 3796: 3746: 3743: 3686:Main article: 3683: 3680: 3642: 3641: 3632: 3631: 3623: 3622: 3621: 3620: 3619: 3617: 3614: 3545: 3542: 3497: 3494: 3459:his veto power 3454: 3451: 3407:War Department 3397: 3396: 3393: 3387: 3385: 3384: 3381: 3375: 3373: 3372: 3369: 3364: 3358: 3357: 3354: 3353: 3350: 3344: 3342: 3341: 3338: 3332: 3330: 3329: 3326: 3321: 3315: 3314: 3311: 3310: 3307: 3301: 3299: 3298: 3295: 3290: 3284: 3283: 3280: 3279: 3276: 3270: 3268: 3267: 3264: 3258: 3256: 3255: 3252: 3246: 3244: 3243: 3240: 3234: 3228: 3227: 3224: 3223: 3220: 3215: 3213:Vice President 3209: 3208: 3205: 3204: 3201: 3198: 3192: 3191: 3188: 3187: 3184: 3181: 3177: 3176: 3163: 3160: 3112:oath of office 3101:Gilbert Stuart 3086:Main article: 3083: 3080: 3060:Main article: 3057: 3054: 3040: 3037: 2943:Main article: 2940: 2937: 2933:transportation 2867: 2865: 2862: 2850: 2847: 2824:George Clinton 2772:Main article: 2769: 2766: 2745:Charles O'Hara 2721:Main article: 2718: 2715: 2641:Wyoming Valley 2627:In June 1778, 2590:Main article: 2587: 2584: 2502: 2499: 2425:Emanuel Leutze 2389: 2386: 2308:Lake Champlain 2281: 2278: 2273:Main article: 2270: 2267: 2247:Hibernia mines 2147:Delaware River 2104:Emanuel Leutze 2072: 2069: 1982:George Germain 1960:Alonzo Chappel 1945:Main article: 1942: 1939: 1934:Main article: 1931: 1928: 1906:captured from 1843:Main article: 1840: 1837: 1821:a proclamation 1726: 1723: 1658:Townshend Acts 1649:Stamp Act 1765 1614: 1611: 1567:Lord Botetourt 1511:John Wollaston 1505: 1498: 1497: 1487: 1480: 1479: 1478: 1477: 1476: 1471:Main article: 1468: 1465: 1425:John Dagworthy 1355:ensuing battle 1283:Main article: 1280: 1277: 1213: 1210: 1187:Thomas Fairfax 1059: 1056: 866: 865: 862: 861: 859: 858: 856: 855: 850: 845: 844: 843: 838: 833: 828: 818: 817: 816: 811: 806: 801: 796: 785: 775: 774: 773: 771: 767: 766: 764: 763: 760: 757: 751: 749: 745: 744: 742: 741: 735: 729: 719: 713: 702: 700: 696: 695: 693: 692: 689: 686: 682: 680: 676: 675: 673: 672: 667: 662: 656: 654: 653:Branch/service 650: 649: 647: 646: 643: 637: 635: 631: 630: 626: 625: 618: 614: 613: 611: 610: 605: 599: 597: 593: 592: 590: 589: 586: 583: 580: 576: 574: 570: 569: 564: 560: 559: 557: 556: 551: 545: 543: 539: 538: 523: 517: 516: 514: 510: 509: 504: 500: 499: 465: 461: 460: 454:(aged 67) 448: 444: 443: 431: 427: 426: 422: 421: 418: 417: 415: 414: 409:Fairfax County 406: 397: 395: 391: 390: 385: 379: 378: 375: 369: 368: 358: 357: 351:Member of the 348: 347: 342: 336: 335: 330: 324: 323: 313: 312: 296: 295: 289: 283: 282: 276: 270: 269: 264: 260: 259: 249: 248: 241: 240: 237:Senior Officer 230: 224: 223: 218: 212: 211: 206: 200: 199: 189: 188: 178: 177: 172: 166: 165: 160: 154: 153: 150: 146: 145: 135: 134: 127: 126: 121: 115: 114: 109: 103: 102: 99: 96:Vice President 91: 90: 80: 79: 72: 71: 68: 67: 58: 50: 49: 46: 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 26455: 26444: 26441: 26439: 26436: 26434: 26431: 26429: 26426: 26424: 26421: 26419: 26416: 26414: 26411: 26409: 26406: 26404: 26401: 26399: 26396: 26394: 26391: 26389: 26386: 26384: 26381: 26379: 26376: 26374: 26371: 26369: 26366: 26364: 26361: 26359: 26356: 26354: 26351: 26349: 26346: 26344: 26341: 26339: 26336: 26334: 26331: 26329: 26326: 26324: 26321: 26319: 26316: 26314: 26311: 26309: 26306: 26304: 26301: 26299: 26296: 26294: 26291: 26289: 26286: 26284: 26281: 26279: 26276: 26274: 26271: 26269: 26266: 26264: 26261: 26259: 26256: 26254: 26251: 26249: 26246: 26244: 26241: 26239: 26236: 26234: 26231: 26229: 26226: 26224: 26221: 26219: 26216: 26214: 26211: 26209: 26206: 26204: 26201: 26199: 26196: 26194: 26191: 26189: 26186: 26184: 26181: 26180: 26178: 26166: 26165: 26153: 26149: 26148: 26136: 26132: 26131: 26119: 26118: 26115: 26109: 26101: 26100:United States 26091: 26089: 26079: 26077: 26072: 26067: 26065: 26055: 26054: 26051: 26032: 26030: 26025: 26023: 26021: 26016: 26014: 26011: 26009: 26006: 26003: 26000: 25999: 25997: 25993: 25987: 25984: 25982: 25979: 25977: 25974: 25973: 25971: 25967: 25961: 25958: 25957: 25955: 25951: 25945: 25942: 25941: 25939: 25935: 25929: 25926: 25924: 25921: 25919: 25916: 25914: 25911: 25910: 25908: 25904: 25897: 25886: 25882: 25881:Peter Norbeck 25879: 25876: 25873: 25870: 25867: 25864: 25861: 25858: 25855: 25852: 25849: 25848: 25846: 25844: 25840: 25836: 25835: 25829: 25825: 25818: 25813: 25811: 25806: 25804: 25799: 25798: 25795: 25783: 25782:Wilbur Wright 25780: 25778: 25775: 25773: 25770: 25768: 25765: 25763: 25760: 25758: 25755: 25753: 25750: 25748: 25745: 25743: 25740: 25738: 25735: 25733: 25730: 25728: 25725: 25723: 25720: 25718: 25715: 25713: 25710: 25708: 25705: 25703: 25700: 25698: 25695: 25693: 25690: 25688: 25685: 25683: 25680: 25678: 25675: 25673: 25670: 25668: 25665: 25663: 25660: 25658: 25655: 25653: 25650: 25648: 25645: 25643: 25640: 25638: 25635: 25633: 25630: 25628: 25625: 25623: 25620: 25618: 25617:Simon Newcomb 25615: 25613: 25610: 25608: 25605: 25603: 25600: 25598: 25595: 25593: 25590: 25588: 25585: 25583: 25580: 25578: 25577:John Marshall 25575: 25573: 25570: 25568: 25567:James Madison 25565: 25563: 25560: 25558: 25555: 25553: 25550: 25548: 25545: 25543: 25540: 25538: 25537:Robert E. Lee 25535: 25533: 25532:Sidney Lanier 25530: 25528: 25525: 25523: 25520: 25518: 25515: 25513: 25510: 25508: 25505: 25503: 25500: 25498: 25495: 25493: 25490: 25488: 25485: 25483: 25480: 25478: 25477:Patrick Henry 25475: 25473: 25470: 25468: 25465: 25463: 25460: 25458: 25455: 25453: 25450: 25448: 25445: 25443: 25440: 25438: 25437:Robert Fulton 25435: 25433: 25430: 25428: 25425: 25423: 25420: 25418: 25415: 25413: 25410: 25408: 25405: 25403: 25400: 25398: 25395: 25393: 25390: 25388: 25385: 25383: 25380: 25378: 25375: 25373: 25370: 25368: 25365: 25363: 25360: 25358: 25355: 25353: 25350: 25348: 25345: 25343: 25340: 25338: 25335: 25333: 25330: 25328: 25325: 25323: 25320: 25318: 25315: 25313: 25310: 25308: 25305: 25303: 25300: 25298: 25295: 25293: 25292:Louis Agassiz 25290: 25288: 25285: 25283: 25280: 25278: 25275: 25274: 25271: 25266: 25259: 25254: 25252: 25247: 25245: 25240: 25239: 25236: 25223: 25220: 25217: 25214: 25211: 25208: 25205: 25202: 25199: 25196: 25193: 25190: 25187: 25184: 25181: 25178: 25175: 25172: 25169: 25166: 25163: 25160: 25157: 25154: 25151: 25148: 25145: 25142: 25139: 25136: 25133: 25130: 25127: 25124: 25121: 25118: 25115: 25112: 25109: 25106: 25103: 25102:Thomas Hayter 25100: 25097: 25094: 25091: 25090:Edmund Gibson 25088: 25085: 25082: 25079: 25078:Edmund Gibson 25076: 25073: 25070: 25067: 25066:John Robinson 25064: 25061: 25060:Henry Compton 25058: 25055: 25052: 25049: 25048:Henry Compton 25046: 25045: 25042: 25038: 25029: 25024: 25022: 25017: 25015: 25010: 25009: 25006: 24994: 24992: 24982: 24980: 24978: 24968: 24967: 24964: 24958: 24955: 24953: 24950: 24948: 24945: 24943: 24940: 24939: 24937: 24933: 24927: 24924: 24922: 24919: 24917: 24916:Robert E. Lee 24914: 24912: 24909: 24908: 24906: 24902: 24896: 24895: 24891: 24889: 24888: 24884: 24882: 24879: 24877: 24874: 24872: 24871: 24867: 24866: 24864: 24860: 24853: 24849: 24847: 24844: 24842: 24839: 24837: 24834: 24832: 24831:Sigma Society 24829: 24827: 24824: 24822: 24819: 24817: 24814: 24813: 24811: 24807: 24802: 24792: 24791:School of Law 24789: 24786: 24783: 24782: 24780: 24776: 24772: 24763: 24758: 24756: 24751: 24749: 24744: 24743: 24740: 24727: 24724: 24721: 24718: 24715: 24712: 24711: 24709: 24707: 24703: 24696: 24695:James McHenry 24693: 24690: 24687: 24684: 24681: 24680: 24678: 24676: 24672: 24665: 24662: 24659: 24656: 24655: 24653: 24651: 24647: 24631: 24628: 24625: 24622: 24619: 24616: 24613: 24610: 24609: 24607: 24605: 24601: 24596: 24593: 24589: 24582: 24577: 24575: 24570: 24568: 24563: 24562: 24559: 24547: 24544: 24542: 24539: 24537: 24534: 24532: 24529: 24527: 24524: 24522: 24521:Richwood Hall 24519: 24517: 24514: 24512: 24509: 24507: 24504: 24502: 24499: 24497: 24496:Happy Retreat 24494: 24492: 24489: 24487: 24484: 24482: 24479: 24477: 24474: 24472: 24469: 24467: 24464: 24462: 24459: 24457: 24454: 24452: 24449: 24444: 24443: 24440: 24434: 24431: 24430: 24428: 24424: 24418: 24415: 24413: 24410: 24408: 24405: 24403: 24400: 24398: 24395: 24394: 24392: 24388: 24382: 24379: 24377: 24374: 24372: 24369: 24367: 24364: 24363: 24361: 24357: 24351: 24348: 24346: 24343: 24341: 24338: 24336: 24333: 24331: 24328: 24327: 24325: 24321: 24315: 24312: 24310: 24307: 24305: 24302: 24300: 24297: 24295: 24292: 24290: 24287: 24285: 24282: 24280: 24277: 24275: 24272: 24270: 24267: 24265: 24262: 24261: 24259: 24255: 24249: 24246: 24244: 24241: 24240: 24238: 24234: 24228: 24225: 24224: 24222: 24218: 24212: 24209: 24208: 24206: 24202: 24198: 24189: 24179: 24176: 24175: 24173: 24169: 24165: 24158: 24153: 24151: 24146: 24144: 24139: 24138: 24135: 24115: 24112: 24110: 24107: 24103: 24100: 24098: 24095: 24093: 24090: 24088: 24085: 24083: 24080: 24078: 24075: 24073: 24070: 24068: 24065: 24063: 24060: 24058: 24055: 24053: 24050: 24048: 24045: 24043: 24040: 24038: 24037:Patriots' Day 24035: 24033: 24030: 24028: 24025: 24023: 24020: 24018: 24015: 24014: 24013: 24012:Commemoration 24010: 24008: 24005: 24003: 24000: 23998: 23995: 23993: 23990: 23988: 23985: 23983: 23980: 23978: 23975: 23973: 23970: 23968: 23965: 23964: 23962: 23958: 23952: 23951:Yankee Doodle 23949: 23947: 23944: 23942: 23939: 23937: 23934: 23933: 23931: 23927: 23921: 23920: 23915: 23913: 23910: 23909: 23907: 23903: 23899: 23892: 23891: 23888: 23884: 23874: 23871: 23869: 23866: 23864: 23861: 23859: 23856: 23854: 23853: 23849: 23847: 23844: 23842: 23839: 23837: 23834: 23832: 23829: 23827: 23824: 23823: 23820: 23813: 23809: 23791: 23788: 23786: 23783: 23781: 23780:de Rochambeau 23778: 23776: 23773: 23771: 23768: 23766: 23763: 23761: 23758: 23756: 23753: 23751: 23748: 23747: 23745: 23741: 23738: 23734: 23724: 23721: 23719: 23716: 23714: 23711: 23709: 23706: 23704: 23701: 23699: 23696: 23694: 23691: 23689: 23686: 23684: 23681: 23679: 23676: 23674: 23671: 23669: 23666: 23664: 23661: 23659: 23656: 23654: 23651: 23649: 23646: 23644: 23641: 23639: 23636: 23635: 23633: 23629: 23623: 23620: 23618: 23615: 23613: 23610: 23608: 23605: 23603: 23600: 23598: 23595: 23593: 23590: 23588: 23585: 23583: 23580: 23578: 23575: 23573: 23570: 23568: 23565: 23563: 23560: 23558: 23555: 23553: 23550: 23548: 23545: 23543: 23540: 23538: 23535: 23533: 23530: 23528: 23525: 23523: 23520: 23518: 23515: 23513: 23510: 23508: 23505: 23503: 23500: 23498: 23495: 23493: 23490: 23488: 23485: 23483: 23480: 23479: 23477: 23473: 23470: 23466: 23456: 23453: 23451: 23448: 23446: 23443: 23441: 23438: 23436: 23433: 23431: 23428: 23426: 23423: 23421: 23418: 23417: 23415: 23411: 23405: 23402: 23400: 23397: 23395: 23392: 23390: 23387: 23385: 23382: 23380: 23377: 23375: 23372: 23370: 23367: 23365: 23362: 23360: 23357: 23355: 23352: 23350: 23347: 23345: 23342: 23340: 23337: 23336: 23334: 23330: 23327: 23323: 23319: 23312: 23308: 23290: 23287: 23285: 23282: 23280: 23277: 23275: 23272: 23271: 23269: 23265: 23259: 23256: 23254: 23251: 23249: 23246: 23244: 23241: 23239: 23236: 23234: 23231: 23229: 23226: 23224: 23223:New Hampshire 23221: 23219: 23218:Massachusetts 23216: 23214: 23211: 23209: 23206: 23204: 23201: 23199: 23196: 23195: 23193: 23191: 23187: 23184: 23173: 23167: 23164: 23162: 23159: 23157: 23154: 23153: 23151: 23147: 23141: 23138: 23136: 23133: 23131: 23128: 23126: 23123: 23121: 23118: 23116: 23113: 23111: 23108: 23106: 23103: 23101: 23098: 23096: 23093: 23091: 23088: 23086: 23083: 23082: 23080: 23076: 23070: 23067: 23065: 23062: 23060: 23057: 23055: 23052: 23050: 23047: 23045: 23042: 23040: 23037: 23035: 23032: 23030: 23027: 23025: 23022: 23020: 23017: 23015: 23012: 23010: 23007: 23005: 23002: 23000: 22997: 22995: 22992: 22990: 22987: 22985: 22982: 22980: 22977: 22975: 22972: 22970: 22967: 22965: 22962: 22960: 22957: 22955: 22952: 22950: 22947: 22945: 22942: 22940: 22937: 22935: 22932: 22930: 22927: 22925: 22922: 22920: 22917: 22915: 22912: 22910: 22907: 22905: 22902: 22900: 22897: 22895: 22892: 22890: 22887: 22886: 22884: 22882: 22877: 22871: 22870:Naval battles 22868: 22866: 22863: 22861: 22858: 22856: 22853: 22851: 22848: 22846: 22843: 22841: 22838: 22836: 22833: 22831: 22828: 22826: 22823: 22821: 22818: 22816: 22813: 22812: 22810: 22805:Campaigns and 22802: 22792: 22789: 22787: 22784: 22780: 22777: 22775: 22772: 22770: 22767: 22766: 22765: 22762: 22761: 22759: 22755: 22749: 22746: 22744: 22741: 22739: 22736: 22734: 22731: 22730: 22728: 22726: 22722: 22716: 22713: 22711: 22708: 22706: 22703: 22701: 22698: 22697: 22695: 22693: 22689: 22685: 22682: 22678: 22674: 22667: 22664: 22661: 22658: 22655: 22652: 22651: 22648: 22644: 22630: 22627: 22625: 22622: 22620: 22617: 22615: 22612: 22610: 22609:Gaspee affair 22607: 22605: 22602: 22600: 22597: 22595: 22592: 22590: 22587: 22586: 22584: 22580: 22574: 22571: 22569: 22565: 22562: 22560: 22557: 22555: 22552: 22550: 22547: 22545: 22542: 22540: 22537: 22535: 22532: 22530: 22527: 22525: 22522: 22520: 22517: 22515: 22512: 22510: 22507: 22505: 22502: 22500: 22497: 22495: 22492: 22490: 22487: 22485: 22484: 22480: 22478: 22475: 22473: 22470: 22468: 22465: 22463: 22460: 22458: 22455: 22453: 22450: 22448: 22445: 22443: 22440: 22438: 22435: 22433: 22430: 22429: 22427: 22423: 22417: 22414: 22412: 22409: 22407: 22404: 22402: 22399: 22397: 22394: 22392: 22389: 22387: 22384: 22382: 22379: 22377: 22374: 22371: 22368: 22366: 22363: 22361: 22358: 22356: 22353: 22351: 22348: 22346: 22343: 22341: 22338: 22336: 22333: 22332: 22330: 22322: 22316: 22313: 22311: 22308: 22306: 22303: 22301: 22298: 22296: 22293: 22291: 22288: 22286: 22283: 22281: 22278: 22276: 22273: 22271: 22268: 22266: 22265:Bute ministry 22263: 22261: 22258: 22257: 22255: 22251: 22245: 22242: 22240: 22237: 22234: 22230: 22227: 22223: 22220: 22216: 22214: 22213:Spirit of '76 22211: 22209: 22208: 22204: 22202: 22199: 22197: 22194: 22192: 22189: 22187: 22186:Republicanism 22184: 22182: 22179: 22177: 22174: 22172: 22169: 22167: 22164: 22163: 22161: 22157: 22153: 22149: 22143: 22139: 22135: 22128: 22123: 22121: 22116: 22114: 22109: 22108: 22105: 22093: 22090: 22088: 22085: 22083: 22080: 22078: 22075: 22073: 22070: 22068: 22065: 22063: 22060: 22058: 22055: 22053: 22050: 22048: 22045: 22043: 22040: 22038: 22035: 22033: 22030: 22028: 22025: 22023: 22020: 22018: 22015: 22013: 22010: 22008: 22005: 22003: 22000: 21998: 21995: 21993: 21990: 21988: 21985: 21983: 21980: 21978: 21975: 21973: 21970: 21968: 21965: 21963: 21960: 21958: 21955: 21953: 21950: 21948: 21945: 21943: 21940: 21938: 21935: 21933: 21930: 21928: 21925: 21923: 21920: 21918: 21915: 21913: 21910: 21908: 21905: 21903: 21900: 21899: 21897: 21895: 21891: 21885: 21882: 21880: 21877: 21875: 21872: 21870: 21867: 21865: 21862: 21860: 21857: 21855: 21852: 21850: 21847: 21845: 21842: 21840: 21837: 21835: 21832: 21830: 21827: 21825: 21822: 21820: 21817: 21815: 21812: 21810: 21807: 21805: 21802: 21800: 21797: 21795: 21792: 21790: 21787: 21785: 21782: 21780: 21777: 21775: 21772: 21770: 21767: 21765: 21762: 21760: 21757: 21755: 21752: 21750: 21747: 21745: 21742: 21740: 21737: 21735: 21732: 21730: 21727: 21725: 21722: 21720: 21717: 21715: 21712: 21710: 21707: 21705: 21702: 21700: 21697: 21695: 21692: 21690: 21687: 21685: 21682: 21680: 21677: 21676: 21674: 21672: 21668: 21663: 21656: 21646: 21643: 21641: 21638: 21636: 21633: 21631: 21628: 21626: 21623: 21621: 21618: 21616: 21613: 21611: 21608: 21606: 21603: 21601: 21598: 21596: 21593: 21591: 21588: 21586: 21583: 21581: 21578: 21576: 21573: 21571: 21568: 21566: 21563: 21561: 21558: 21556: 21553: 21552: 21550: 21548: 21542: 21538: 21530: 21525: 21523: 21518: 21516: 21511: 21510: 21507: 21495: 21492: 21489: 21488: 21484: 21481: 21480: 21476: 21474: 21471: 21469: 21466: 21464: 21461: 21459: 21456: 21454: 21451: 21447: 21444: 21443: 21442: 21439: 21438: 21436: 21430: 21424: 21421: 21419: 21418:Jacob Shallus 21416: 21414: 21413: 21409: 21408: 21406: 21402: 21392: 21389: 21388: 21386: 21382: 21376: 21373: 21371: 21368: 21367: 21365: 21361: 21355: 21354:Pierce Butler 21352: 21350: 21347: 21345: 21342: 21340: 21339:John Rutledge 21337: 21336: 21334: 21330: 21324: 21321: 21319: 21316: 21314: 21311: 21310: 21308: 21304: 21298: 21297:James Madison 21295: 21293: 21290: 21289: 21287: 21283: 21277: 21274: 21272: 21269: 21267: 21266:James McHenry 21264: 21263: 21261: 21257: 21251: 21248: 21246: 21243: 21241: 21238: 21236: 21233: 21231: 21228: 21227: 21225: 21221: 21215: 21212: 21210: 21207: 21205: 21202: 21200: 21197: 21195: 21194:George Clymer 21192: 21190: 21189:Robert Morris 21187: 21185: 21182: 21180: 21177: 21176: 21174: 21170: 21164: 21161: 21159: 21156: 21154: 21151: 21149: 21146: 21145: 21143: 21139: 21133: 21130: 21129: 21127: 21123: 21117: 21116:Roger Sherman 21114: 21112: 21109: 21108: 21106: 21102: 21096: 21093: 21091: 21088: 21087: 21085: 21083:Massachusetts 21081: 21075: 21072: 21070: 21067: 21066: 21064: 21062:New Hampshire 21060: 21054: 21051: 21050: 21048: 21044: 21041: 21039: 21035: 21029: 21026: 21024: 21021: 21019: 21016: 21014: 21011: 21009: 21006: 21004: 21001: 20999: 20996: 20994: 20991: 20989: 20988:Plenary power 20986: 20984: 20981: 20979: 20976: 20974: 20971: 20969: 20966: 20964: 20961: 20959: 20958:Equal footing 20956: 20954: 20951: 20949: 20946: 20944: 20941: 20939: 20936: 20934: 20931: 20929: 20926: 20924: 20921: 20920: 20918: 20914: 20908: 20905: 20903: 20900: 20897: 20893: 20889: 20885: 20882: 20880: 20879:Trial by Jury 20877: 20875: 20872: 20869: 20865: 20863: 20860: 20858: 20855: 20853: 20850: 20848: 20845: 20843: 20840: 20838: 20835: 20833: 20830: 20828: 20825: 20823: 20820: 20818: 20815: 20813: 20810: 20808: 20805: 20803: 20800: 20798: 20795: 20793: 20790: 20788: 20785: 20783: 20780: 20778: 20775: 20773: 20770: 20768: 20765: 20763: 20760: 20758: 20755: 20753: 20750: 20748: 20745: 20743: 20740: 20738: 20735: 20733: 20732:Ineligibility 20730: 20728: 20727:Import-Export 20725: 20723: 20720: 20718: 20715: 20713: 20710: 20708: 20705: 20703: 20700: 20698: 20695: 20693: 20690: 20688: 20685: 20683: 20682:Free Exercise 20680: 20678: 20675: 20673: 20672: 20671:Ex Post Facto 20668: 20666: 20663: 20661: 20658: 20656: 20655:Establishment 20653: 20651: 20648: 20646: 20643: 20641: 20638: 20636: 20633: 20631: 20628: 20626: 20623: 20621: 20618: 20616: 20613: 20611: 20608: 20606: 20605:Confrontation 20603: 20601: 20598: 20596: 20593: 20591: 20588: 20586: 20583: 20581: 20578: 20576: 20573: 20571: 20568: 20566: 20563: 20561: 20558: 20556: 20553: 20552: 20550: 20548: 20544: 20538: 20535: 20533: 20530: 20528: 20525: 20523: 20520: 20518: 20515: 20513: 20510: 20508: 20505: 20503: 20500: 20498: 20497: 20493: 20489: 20488:Syng inkstand 20486: 20484: 20481: 20479: 20476: 20474: 20471: 20469: 20466: 20464: 20461: 20459: 20456: 20454: 20451: 20449: 20446: 20444: 20443:Virginia Plan 20441: 20440: 20439: 20436: 20434: 20431: 20429: 20426: 20424: 20421: 20419: 20416: 20415: 20413: 20409: 20399: 20396: 20394: 20391: 20390: 20387: 20381: 20378: 20376: 20373: 20371: 20370:School Prayer 20368: 20366: 20363: 20361: 20358: 20356: 20353: 20351: 20348: 20346: 20343: 20341: 20338: 20336: 20333: 20331: 20328: 20326: 20323: 20321: 20318: 20316: 20313: 20311: 20308: 20306: 20303: 20301: 20298: 20297: 20295: 20293: 20289: 20283: 20280: 20278: 20275: 20273: 20270: 20268: 20265: 20263: 20260: 20258: 20255: 20254: 20252: 20250: 20246: 20236: 20233: 20231: 20228: 20226: 20223: 20221: 20218: 20216: 20213: 20211: 20208: 20206: 20203: 20201: 20198: 20196: 20193: 20191: 20188: 20186: 20183: 20181: 20178: 20177: 20175: 20171: 20165: 20162: 20160: 20157: 20155: 20152: 20151: 20149: 20147: 20143: 20137: 20134: 20132: 20129: 20128: 20126: 20122: 20116: 20113: 20111: 20108: 20106: 20103: 20101: 20098: 20096: 20093: 20091: 20088: 20086: 20083: 20081: 20078: 20076: 20073: 20071: 20068: 20067: 20065: 20063: 20059: 20055: 20052: 20050: 20046: 20040: 20037: 20035: 20032: 20030: 20027: 20025: 20022: 20020: 20017: 20015: 20012: 20010: 20007: 20005: 20002: 20001: 19999: 19995: 19991: 19984: 19979: 19977: 19972: 19970: 19965: 19964: 19961: 19947: 19944: 19943: 19942: 19939: 19938: 19936: 19932: 19926: 19923: 19921: 19918: 19916: 19913: 19911: 19908: 19906: 19903: 19901: 19898: 19896: 19893: 19891: 19888: 19887: 19885: 19881: 19871: 19868: 19866: 19865:John Rutledge 19863: 19861: 19858: 19856: 19853: 19851: 19848: 19847: 19845: 19841: 19835: 19832: 19830: 19827: 19825: 19822: 19821: 19819: 19815: 19809: 19806: 19804: 19801: 19799: 19798:Richard Bland 19796: 19794: 19791: 19789: 19786: 19784: 19781: 19780: 19778: 19774: 19768: 19765: 19763: 19760: 19758: 19755: 19753: 19750: 19749: 19747: 19743: 19737: 19734: 19732: 19731:Thomas McKean 19729: 19727: 19726:Caesar Rodney 19724: 19723: 19721: 19717: 19711: 19708: 19706: 19703: 19701: 19700:Edward Biddle 19698: 19696: 19693: 19691: 19688: 19686: 19683: 19681: 19678: 19677: 19675: 19671: 19665: 19662: 19660: 19659:Richard Smith 19657: 19655: 19654:Stephen Crane 19652: 19650: 19647: 19645: 19642: 19641: 19639: 19635: 19629: 19626: 19624: 19621: 19619: 19618:William Floyd 19616: 19614: 19611: 19609: 19606: 19604: 19601: 19599: 19596: 19594: 19591: 19590: 19588: 19584: 19578: 19575: 19573: 19572:Roger Sherman 19570: 19568: 19565: 19564: 19562: 19558: 19552: 19549: 19547: 19544: 19543: 19541: 19537: 19531: 19528: 19526: 19523: 19521: 19518: 19516: 19513: 19512: 19510: 19506: 19500: 19497: 19495: 19494:John Sullivan 19492: 19491: 19489: 19487:New Hampshire 19485: 19479: 19476: 19475: 19473: 19469: 19466: 19462: 19458: 19451: 19446: 19444: 19439: 19437: 19432: 19431: 19428: 19416: 19408: 19406: 19398: 19397: 19394: 19388: 19385: 19383: 19380: 19378: 19375: 19373: 19370: 19368: 19365: 19363: 19362:G. H. W. Bush 19360: 19358: 19355: 19353: 19350: 19348: 19345: 19343: 19340: 19338: 19337:L. B. Johnson 19335: 19333: 19330: 19328: 19325: 19323: 19320: 19318: 19315: 19313: 19310: 19308: 19305: 19303: 19300: 19298: 19295: 19293: 19290: 19288: 19285: 19283: 19280: 19278: 19275: 19274: 19272: 19266: 19257: 19253: 19250: 19247: 19243: 19240: 19237: 19233: 19230: 19227: 19223: 19220: 19217: 19213: 19210: 19207: 19203: 19200: 19197: 19193: 19192:Ronald Reagan 19190: 19187: 19183: 19180: 19177: 19173: 19170: 19167: 19163: 19162:Richard Nixon 19160: 19157: 19153: 19150: 19147: 19143: 19140: 19137: 19133: 19130: 19127: 19123: 19120: 19117: 19113: 19110: 19107: 19103: 19100: 19097: 19093: 19090: 19087: 19083: 19080: 19077: 19073: 19070: 19067: 19063: 19060: 19057: 19053: 19050: 19047: 19043: 19040: 19037: 19033: 19030: 19027: 19023: 19020: 19017: 19013: 19010: 19007: 19003: 19000: 18997: 18993: 18990: 18987: 18983: 18980: 18977: 18973: 18970: 18967: 18963: 18960: 18957: 18953: 18950: 18947: 18943: 18940: 18937: 18933: 18930: 18927: 18923: 18920: 18917: 18913: 18910: 18907: 18903: 18902:James K. Polk 18900: 18897: 18893: 18890: 18887: 18883: 18880: 18877: 18873: 18870: 18867: 18863: 18860: 18857: 18853: 18850: 18847: 18843: 18840: 18837: 18833: 18832:James Madison 18830: 18827: 18823: 18820: 18817: 18813: 18810: 18807: 18803: 18800: 18799: 18795: 18789: 18785: 18778: 18773: 18771: 18766: 18764: 18759: 18758: 18755: 18749: 18742: 18726: 18717: 18716: 18708: 18702: 18697: 18693: 18684: 18683: 18678: 18674: 18665: 18664: 18660: 18653: 18649: 18646: 18643: 18639: 18638: 18626: 18621: 18617: 18608: 18607: 18600: 18594: 18590: 18589: 18588: 18580: 18571: 18570: 18563: 18560: 18559: 18554: 18549: 18542: 18530: 18529: 18520: 18519: 18516: 18515: 18511: 18510: 18507: 18501: 18498: 18496: 18493: 18491: 18488: 18486: 18483: 18481: 18478: 18476: 18473: 18471: 18470:Sarah Johnson 18468: 18466: 18463: 18461: 18458: 18456: 18453: 18451: 18448: 18447: 18445: 18441: 18434: 18431: 18428: 18425: 18422: 18419: 18417:(grandmother) 18416: 18413: 18411:(grandfather) 18410: 18407: 18404: 18401: 18398: 18395: 18392: 18389: 18386: 18383: 18380: 18377: 18374: 18371: 18368: 18365: 18362: 18359: 18356: 18353: 18350: 18347: 18344: 18341: 18338: 18335: 18334: 18332: 18330: 18326: 18320: 18317: 18315: 18312: 18310: 18307: 18305: 18302: 18300: 18297: 18293: 18290: 18289: 18288: 18285: 18283: 18280: 18278: 18275: 18273: 18270: 18268: 18265: 18263: 18262:Syng inkstand 18260: 18258: 18255: 18253: 18250: 18248: 18245: 18243: 18240: 18238: 18235: 18233: 18230: 18228: 18225: 18223: 18220: 18216: 18213: 18212: 18211: 18208: 18206: 18205:Republicanism 18203: 18201: 18198: 18196: 18193: 18191: 18188: 18186: 18183: 18182: 18180: 18176: 18169: 18165: 18164: 18160: 18158: 18156: 18152: 18150: 18148: 18144: 18142: 18140: 18136: 18134: 18132: 18128: 18126: 18124: 18120: 18118: 18116: 18112: 18110: 18107: 18105: 18103: 18099: 18097: 18094: 18092: 18089: 18085: 18082: 18080: 18077: 18075: 18072: 18070: 18067: 18065: 18062: 18060: 18057: 18055: 18052: 18050: 18047: 18045: 18042: 18040: 18037: 18035: 18032: 18030: 18027: 18026: 18025: 18022: 18018: 18015: 18013: 18010: 18009: 18008: 18005: 18001: 17998: 17997: 17996: 17993: 17991: 17988: 17986: 17983: 17981: 17978: 17976: 17973: 17971: 17968: 17966: 17963: 17961: 17958: 17956: 17953: 17951: 17948: 17946: 17943: 17941: 17938: 17936: 17933: 17929: 17926: 17925: 17924: 17921: 17919: 17918:Newark statue 17916: 17914: 17911: 17909: 17906: 17904: 17903:Boston statue 17901: 17899: 17896: 17894: 17893:Austin statue 17891: 17889: 17886: 17884: 17882: 17881:Point of View 17878: 17876: 17873: 17871: 17868: 17866: 17863: 17861: 17858: 17856: 17855: 17851: 17849: 17847: 17843: 17841: 17838: 17836: 17833: 17831: 17828: 17826: 17825: 17821: 17819: 17818: 17814: 17812: 17811: 17807: 17805: 17804: 17800: 17798: 17797: 17793: 17791: 17790: 17786: 17784: 17781: 17779: 17776: 17774: 17772: 17768: 17766: 17764: 17760: 17758: 17756: 17752: 17750: 17748: 17744: 17740: 17737: 17736: 17735: 17733: 17729: 17727: 17724: 17722: 17719: 17717: 17716: 17712: 17710: 17707: 17705: 17702: 17700: 17697: 17695: 17692: 17690: 17687: 17685: 17682: 17681: 17679: 17677: 17672: 17668: 17662: 17659: 17657: 17654: 17652: 17649: 17647: 17644: 17642: 17638: 17636: 17633: 17631: 17628: 17626: 17623: 17621: 17618: 17616: 17613: 17611: 17608: 17606: 17605:Custis estate 17603: 17601: 17598: 17596: 17593: 17591: 17588: 17586: 17583: 17581: 17578: 17576: 17573: 17571: 17568: 17564: 17561: 17559: 17556: 17554: 17551: 17549: 17546: 17545: 17544: 17541: 17539: 17536: 17534: 17531: 17529: 17526: 17525: 17523: 17519: 17513: 17510: 17508: 17505: 17503: 17500: 17498: 17495: 17493: 17490: 17488: 17485: 17484: 17482: 17476: 17468: 17465: 17464: 17463: 17460: 17458: 17455: 17453: 17450: 17448: 17445: 17443: 17440: 17438: 17435: 17433: 17430: 17428: 17425: 17423: 17420: 17418: 17417:Residence Act 17415: 17413: 17410: 17408: 17405: 17403: 17400: 17396: 17393: 17392: 17391: 17388: 17386: 17383: 17381: 17378: 17374: 17371: 17370: 17369: 17366: 17362: 17359: 17358: 17357: 17354: 17352: 17349: 17347: 17344: 17342: 17339: 17335: 17332: 17330: 17327: 17325: 17322: 17320: 17317: 17316: 17315: 17312: 17310: 17307: 17303: 17300: 17299: 17298: 17295: 17293: 17290: 17286: 17283: 17282: 17281: 17278: 17276: 17273: 17272: 17270: 17268: 17263: 17259: 17253: 17250: 17248: 17245: 17243: 17240: 17238: 17235: 17233: 17230: 17228: 17225: 17223: 17220: 17219: 17217: 17215: 17209: 17201: 17198: 17196: 17193: 17192: 17190: 17188: 17185: 17181: 17178: 17177: 17176: 17173: 17171: 17168: 17166: 17163: 17161: 17160:Asgill Affair 17158: 17154: 17151: 17150: 17149: 17146: 17144: 17141: 17137: 17134: 17133: 17132: 17129: 17127: 17124: 17122: 17119: 17115: 17112: 17110: 17107: 17105: 17102: 17100: 17097: 17095: 17092: 17091: 17090: 17087: 17083: 17080: 17078: 17075: 17073: 17070: 17068: 17065: 17064: 17063: 17060: 17056: 17053: 17052: 17051: 17048: 17044: 17041: 17040: 17039: 17036: 17034: 17033:Aides-de-camp 17031: 17029: 17026: 17024: 17021: 17017: 17014: 17012: 17009: 17007: 17004: 17002: 16999: 16998: 16997: 16994: 16992: 16989: 16988: 16986: 16984: 16980: 16976: 16969: 16965: 16962: 16959: 16955: 16952: 16949: 16945: 16942: 16939: 16936: 16933: 16930: 16929: 16926: 16922: 16915: 16910: 16908: 16903: 16901: 16896: 16895: 16892: 16886: 16882: 16879: 16877: 16873: 16870: 16863: 16860: 16853: 16850: 16847: 16843: 16839: 16836: 16834: 16830: 16827: 16825: 16821: 16817: 16814: 16812: 16809: 16808: 16804: 16800: 16785: 16735: 16731: 16726: 16722: 16718: 16713: 16709: 16705: 16700: 16696: 16692: 16687: 16683: 16679: 16674: 16670: 16666: 16661: 16657: 16653: 16648: 16644: 16643: 16638: 16633: 16632: 16626: 16623: 16621: 16618: 16617: 16612: 16607: 16584: 16580: 16576: 16571: 16559: 16555: 16551: 16547: 16535: 16531: 16530: 16525: 16520: 16516: 16512: 16508: 16504: 16500: 16496: 16491: 16487: 16483: 16479: 16474: 16462: 16458: 16454: 16449: 16437: 16433: 16429: 16425: 16421: 16417: 16413: 16409: 16405: 16401: 16397: 16393: 16388: 16384: 16380: 16376: 16372: 16368: 16364: 16360: 16356: 16351: 16347: 16343: 16339: 16335: 16331: 16327: 16322: 16310: 16306: 16302: 16298: 16294: 16290: 16285: 16278: 16274: 16270: 16266: 16262: 16258: 16254: 16253: 16245: 16240: 16236: 16232: 16228: 16224: 16220: 16216: 16211: 16199: 16195: 16191: 16190:"Freemasonry" 16186: 16182: 16178: 16174: 16170: 16166: 16162: 16157: 16153: 16149: 16145: 16141: 16136: 16132: 16128: 16124: 16120: 16116: 16112: 16111: 16105: 16101: 16097: 16093: 16089: 16084: 16079: 16075: 16071: 16067: 16062: 16061: 16058:Miscellaneous 16051: 16045: 16041: 16040: 16034: 16030: 16024: 16020: 16019: 16013: 16009: 16003: 15999: 15998: 15993: 15989: 15985: 15979: 15975: 15970: 15966: 15960: 15956: 15955: 15950: 15946: 15942: 15941: 15936: 15932: 15928: 15927: 15921: 15917: 15911: 15906: 15905: 15898: 15897: 15892: 15891: 15886: 15882: 15878: 15872: 15867: 15866: 15860: 15856: 15844: 15840: 15834: 15830: 15826: 15821: 15809: 15805: 15799: 15795: 15794: 15788: 15784: 15778: 15774: 15773: 15767: 15766: 15761: 15755: 15751: 15746: 15742: 15741: 15735: 15731: 15725: 15721: 15720: 15714: 15710: 15709: 15703: 15699: 15698: 15692: 15688: 15682: 15678: 15673: 15670:. F. Andrews. 15669: 15668: 15663: 15662:Sparks, Jared 15659: 15655: 15649: 15644: 15643: 15636: 15632: 15626: 15622: 15621: 15615: 15614: 15609: 15603: 15599: 15594: 15590: 15584: 15579: 15578: 15571: 15567: 15561: 15557: 15556: 15550: 15546: 15540: 15535: 15534: 15527: 15526: 15521: 15515: 15511: 15510: 15504: 15500: 15494: 15490: 15489: 15483: 15479: 15478: 15472: 15468: 15462: 15458: 15457: 15452: 15451:Parry, Jay A. 15448: 15444: 15438: 15434: 15433: 15427: 15426: 15421: 15415: 15412:. McFarland. 15411: 15410: 15404: 15400: 15394: 15390: 15389: 15384: 15380: 15376: 15370: 15366: 15365: 15359: 15358: 15353: 15347: 15344:. JHU Press. 15343: 15342: 15336: 15332: 15326: 15322: 15321: 15316: 15312: 15308: 15302: 15298: 15297: 15292: 15288: 15276: 15272: 15266: 15262: 15261: 15255: 15254: 15249: 15248: 15242: 15238: 15232: 15229:. Macmillan. 15228: 15227: 15221: 15217: 15211: 15206: 15205: 15199: 15195: 15191: 15187: 15183: 15179: 15175: 15169: 15165: 15164: 15159: 15154: 15153: 15148: 15142: 15137: 15136: 15129: 15125: 15119: 15115: 15114: 15108: 15107: 15102: 15101: 15095: 15091: 15085: 15081: 15076: 15072: 15071: 15066: 15062: 15061: 15056: 15055: 15049: 15045: 15039: 15035: 15034: 15029: 15025: 15024: 15019: 15013: 15008: 15007: 15000: 14996: 14990: 14986: 14985: 14979: 14975: 14969: 14965: 14964: 14958: 14954: 14948: 14944: 14939: 14935: 14929: 14925: 14924: 14918: 14914: 14908: 14904: 14899: 14895: 14889: 14885: 14880: 14879: 14874: 14868: 14864: 14859: 14855: 14849: 14845: 14844: 14839: 14835: 14831: 14825: 14822:. ISI Books. 14821: 14820: 14815: 14811: 14807: 14801: 14797: 14796: 14790: 14786: 14780: 14776: 14775: 14769: 14768: 14763: 14762: 14756: 14751: 14750: 14743: 14739: 14733: 14729: 14728: 14722: 14718: 14717: 14712: 14708: 14704: 14698: 14694: 14689: 14685: 14679: 14675: 14674: 14668: 14664: 14658: 14654: 14653: 14647: 14643: 14637: 14633: 14632: 14626: 14622: 14616: 14612: 14611: 14605: 14601: 14600: 14594: 14590: 14584: 14579: 14578: 14572: 14568: 14564: 14560: 14556: 14552: 14548: 14542: 14538: 14537: 14531: 14527: 14521: 14517: 14516: 14511: 14507: 14503: 14497: 14493: 14492: 14486: 14482: 14476: 14471: 14470: 14463: 14459: 14453: 14448: 14447: 14440: 14436: 14430: 14426: 14425: 14419: 14415: 14409: 14405: 14404: 14399: 14395: 14391: 14385: 14381: 14380: 14374: 14373: 14368: 14362: 14357: 14356: 14349: 14345: 14339: 14334: 14333: 14327: 14323: 14319: 14313: 14309: 14308: 14303: 14299: 14298: 14293: 14287: 14283: 14282: 14276: 14272: 14266: 14261: 14260: 14253: 14252: 14247: 14241: 14236: 14235: 14229: 14225: 14221: 14215: 14211: 14206: 14202: 14196: 14192: 14191: 14185: 14181: 14175: 14171: 14166: 14162: 14156: 14152: 14148: 14144: 14140: 14134: 14130: 14129: 14123: 14119: 14113: 14109: 14108: 14102: 14098: 14092: 14088: 14087: 14082: 14078: 14074: 14068: 14064: 14063: 14057: 14053: 14047: 14043: 14042: 14036: 14035: 14030: 14024: 14020: 14019: 14013: 14009: 14003: 13999: 13998: 13993: 13989: 13984: 13983: 13976: 13972: 13966: 13962: 13961: 13955: 13950: 13949: 13943: 13939: 13935: 13929: 13924: 13923: 13917: 13913: 13909: 13908: 13903: 13897: 13893: 13892: 13887: 13883: 13879: 13873: 13869: 13868: 13863: 13859: 13855: 13849: 13845: 13844: 13838: 13834: 13828: 13824: 13819: 13815: 13814: 13809: 13804: 13803: 13794: 13770: 13766: 13762: 13761: 13756: 13750: 13734: 13730: 13729: 13724: 13718: 13702: 13698: 13694: 13688: 13672: 13668: 13667: 13662: 13656: 13640: 13636: 13635: 13630: 13624: 13617: 13604: 13600: 13596: 13592: 13586: 13570: 13566: 13565: 13560: 13553: 13537: 13533: 13529: 13522: 13516:, p. 38. 13515: 13514:Calloway 2018 13510: 13503: 13498: 13487:September 24, 13482: 13478: 13472: 13464: 13458: 13454: 13447: 13440: 13435: 13428: 13423: 13416: 13411: 13395: 13391: 13390: 13385: 13378: 13372:, p. 22. 13371: 13367: 13363: 13358: 13352:, p. 22. 13351: 13346: 13330: 13326: 13322: 13315: 13299: 13295: 13289: 13282: 13277: 13270: 13265: 13257: 13253: 13249: 13242: 13235: 13234:Cunliffe 1958 13230: 13214: 13210: 13209: 13204: 13198: 13182: 13178: 13174: 13168: 13162:, p. 92. 13161: 13157: 13153: 13148: 13141: 13136: 13120: 13116: 13112: 13106: 13099: 13094: 13087: 13082: 13075: 13070: 13054: 13050: 13046: 13040: 13033: 13029: 13024: 13017: 13012: 13005: 13000: 12993: 12988: 12981: 12976: 12969: 12965: 12961: 12956: 12949: 12945: 12941: 12936: 12929: 12924: 12917: 12913: 12909: 12904: 12897: 12893: 12888: 12881: 12876: 12869: 12864: 12857: 12852: 12845: 12840: 12833: 12829: 12824: 12808: 12804: 12800: 12796: 12789: 12783:, p. 29. 12782: 12779:, p. 3; 12778: 12773: 12766: 12762: 12759:, p. 2; 12758: 12754: 12750: 12745: 12738: 12733: 12726: 12721: 12714: 12709: 12702: 12697: 12681: 12677: 12673: 12666: 12659: 12654: 12638: 12634: 12630: 12624: 12608: 12604: 12600: 12599:"Slave Labor" 12594: 12587: 12583: 12579: 12574: 12567: 12563: 12558: 12551: 12546: 12539: 12534: 12532: 12524: 12519: 12512: 12507: 12500: 12496: 12491: 12484: 12479: 12472: 12467: 12460: 12456: 12451: 12444: 12439: 12432: 12427: 12411: 12407: 12403: 12396: 12390:, p. 12. 12389: 12385: 12381: 12376: 12370:, p. 45. 12369: 12365: 12360: 12353: 12341: 12337: 12333: 12327: 12325: 12308: 12304: 12297: 12295: 12287: 12282: 12275: 12270: 12254: 12250: 12244: 12237: 12232: 12226:, p. 27. 12225: 12221: 12216: 12209: 12204: 12197: 12193: 12189: 12188:Morrison 2009 12185: 12180: 12173: 12168: 12161: 12156: 12154: 12146: 12141: 12134: 12129: 12122: 12118: 12117:Morrison 2009 12114: 12109: 12102: 12098: 12093: 12086: 12081: 12074: 12070: 12065: 12049: 12045: 12038: 12031: 12027: 12022: 12015: 12011: 12007: 12003: 11998: 11991: 11987: 11983: 11978: 11971: 11967: 11966:Thompson 2008 11963: 11958: 11951: 11947: 11943: 11939: 11938:Morrison 2009 11936:, p. 6; 11935: 11930: 11923: 11918: 11916: 11908: 11903: 11896: 11891: 11884: 11879: 11872: 11867: 11860: 11855: 11839: 11835: 11831: 11824: 11808: 11804: 11800: 11794: 11778: 11774: 11770: 11763: 11747: 11743: 11739: 11732: 11726:, p. 30. 11725: 11720: 11713: 11708: 11701: 11697: 11692: 11676: 11672: 11668: 11662: 11656:, p. 16. 11655: 11650: 11643: 11639: 11635: 11630: 11623: 11618: 11611: 11607: 11602: 11595: 11594:Boorstin 2010 11590: 11574: 11570: 11566: 11560: 11558: 11550: 11545: 11529: 11525: 11524: 11519: 11512: 11496: 11492: 11488: 11481: 11474: 11469: 11462: 11461:Cheatham 2008 11457: 11450: 11445: 11438: 11434: 11429: 11422: 11417: 11410: 11405: 11398: 11393: 11391: 11383: 11378: 11371: 11366: 11359: 11354: 11347: 11343: 11338: 11331: 11326: 11319: 11314: 11307: 11302: 11295: 11290: 11288: 11280: 11276: 11271: 11255: 11251: 11247: 11241: 11234: 11230: 11225: 11209: 11205: 11201: 11195: 11188: 11183: 11176: 11172: 11167: 11160: 11155: 11148: 11147:Grizzard 2005 11144: 11139: 11132: 11127: 11121:, p. 64. 11120: 11115: 11109:, p. 64. 11108: 11104: 11099: 11092: 11087: 11080: 11075: 11068: 11063: 11052: 11048: 11044: 11037: 11030: 11023: 11018: 11011: 11007: 11002: 10995: 10990: 10983: 10978: 10971: 10966: 10960:, p. 47. 10959: 10955: 10951: 10947: 10943: 10938: 10931: 10926: 10919: 10915: 10910: 10904:, p. 47. 10903: 10899: 10894: 10887: 10883: 10878: 10871: 10867: 10862: 10855: 10851: 10847: 10843: 10838: 10831: 10826: 10819: 10815: 10810: 10802: 10798: 10794: 10790: 10786: 10782: 10775: 10768: 10764: 10759: 10753:, p. 15. 10752: 10748: 10743: 10736: 10731: 10725:, p. 13. 10724: 10719: 10713:, p. 12. 10712: 10708: 10703: 10696: 10691: 10684: 10681:, p. 2; 10680: 10676: 10671: 10664: 10660: 10655: 10648: 10643: 10636: 10632: 10628: 10623: 10616: 10611: 10604: 10600: 10596: 10591: 10584: 10580: 10575: 10568: 10564: 10559: 10552: 10548: 10543: 10527: 10523: 10519: 10515: 10508: 10501: 10497: 10493: 10488: 10481: 10477: 10476:Grizzard 2002 10472: 10466:, p. 10. 10465: 10460: 10458: 10456: 10448: 10444: 10439: 10432: 10431:Calloway 2018 10427: 10411: 10407: 10403: 10396: 10389: 10384: 10377: 10373: 10369: 10364: 10357: 10353: 10352:Grizzard 2005 10348: 10342:, p. 27. 10341: 10336: 10329: 10324: 10317: 10312: 10305: 10301: 10296: 10289: 10284: 10277: 10272: 10265: 10260: 10244: 10240: 10236: 10230: 10223: 10218: 10211: 10206: 10199: 10194: 10187: 10183: 10178: 10171: 10166: 10159: 10155: 10150: 10148: 10140: 10135: 10128: 10123: 10116: 10111: 10104: 10099: 10092: 10089:, p. 9; 10088: 10083: 10076: 10071: 10064: 10061:, p. 9; 10060: 10055: 10048: 10045:, p. 8; 10044: 10039: 10032: 10028: 10023: 10016: 10011: 10005:, p. 30. 10004: 10001:, p. 9; 10000: 9995: 9989:, p. 27. 9988: 9983: 9976: 9971: 9964: 9959: 9952: 9947: 9940: 9935: 9919: 9915: 9914: 9909: 9902: 9895: 9890: 9883: 9871: 9867: 9863: 9859: 9853: 9845: 9839: 9835: 9834: 9826: 9818: 9812: 9808: 9807: 9799: 9792: 9787: 9780: 9776: 9771: 9764: 9760: 9756: 9751: 9744: 9739: 9737: 9728: 9722: 9717: 9716: 9707: 9700: 9695: 9688: 9685:, p. 5; 9684: 9679: 9672: 9668: 9663: 9656: 9651: 9644: 9639: 9632: 9627: 9625: 9623: 9615: 9611: 9606: 9599: 9595: 9594:Genovese 2009 9590: 9583: 9579: 9574: 9567: 9562: 9555: 9550: 9543: 9538: 9532:, p. 76. 9531: 9526: 9519: 9515: 9510: 9503: 9499: 9494: 9487: 9484:, p. 4; 9483: 9478: 9471: 9467: 9462: 9455: 9451: 9448:, p. 4; 9447: 9442: 9435: 9431: 9426: 9410: 9406: 9399: 9392: 9388: 9383: 9376: 9371: 9364: 9359: 9352: 9348: 9343: 9337:, p. 77. 9336: 9332: 9328: 9323: 9307: 9303: 9299: 9292: 9276: 9272: 9268: 9262: 9260: 9252: 9247: 9240: 9235: 9233: 9225: 9220: 9212: 9211: 9206: 9199: 9193:, p. 33. 9192: 9188: 9183: 9176: 9172: 9167: 9160: 9156: 9151: 9144: 9140: 9135: 9128: 9124: 9119: 9112: 9107: 9100: 9096: 9092: 9087: 9071: 9067: 9063: 9057: 9050: 9046: 9041: 9034: 9030: 9026: 9021: 9014: 9009: 9002: 8998: 8993: 8986: 8981: 8974: 8970: 8966: 8961: 8954: 8949: 8942: 8941:Brumwell 2012 8938: 8934: 8930: 8925: 8918: 8913: 8906: 8902: 8897: 8890: 8886: 8881: 8874: 8869: 8862: 8857: 8850: 8846: 8841: 8825: 8821: 8817: 8810: 8794: 8790: 8783: 8776: 8771: 8764: 8759: 8752: 8747: 8739: 8733: 8729: 8728: 8720: 8713: 8708: 8701: 8697: 8693: 8688: 8681: 8677: 8673: 8668: 8660: 8656: 8652: 8648: 8644: 8640: 8633: 8626: 8621: 8614: 8609: 8602: 8598: 8593: 8586: 8581: 8574: 8569: 8562: 8557: 8550: 8545: 8538: 8533: 8526: 8521: 8514: 8509: 8502: 8497: 8490: 8485: 8477: 8473: 8469: 8465: 8461: 8457: 8453: 8449: 8442: 8435: 8430: 8423: 8422:Grizzard 2002 8418: 8411: 8406: 8399: 8394: 8387: 8383: 8378: 8371: 8367: 8362: 8355: 8351: 8347: 8342: 8335: 8331: 8326: 8319: 8315: 8311: 8307: 8302: 8295: 8291: 8287: 8283: 8278: 8271: 8267: 8262: 8256:, p. 35. 8255: 8251: 8246: 8239: 8234: 8227: 8222: 8215: 8210: 8203: 8199: 8194: 8187: 8182: 8175: 8170: 8154: 8150: 8146: 8139: 8132: 8127: 8120: 8116: 8112: 8107: 8100: 8096: 8091: 8083: 8079: 8072: 8065: 8060: 8054:, p. 30. 8053: 8052:Freedman 2008 8049: 8045: 8040: 8024: 8020: 8016: 8009: 8002: 7997: 7990: 7985: 7978: 7974: 7969: 7962: 7957: 7950: 7945: 7938: 7934: 7929: 7922: 7917: 7901: 7897: 7896: 7891: 7884: 7877: 7872: 7856: 7852: 7846: 7842: 7841: 7833: 7825: 7824: 7819: 7812: 7805: 7800: 7793: 7789: 7785: 7780: 7773: 7768: 7761: 7757: 7753: 7748: 7741: 7737: 7733: 7728: 7721: 7716: 7709: 7705: 7701: 7696: 7689: 7684: 7677: 7672: 7670: 7662: 7658: 7653: 7646: 7641: 7634: 7629: 7622: 7618: 7613: 7606: 7601: 7594: 7590: 7585: 7579:, p. 24. 7578: 7574: 7569: 7562: 7558: 7553: 7546: 7542: 7537: 7530: 7525: 7518: 7514: 7510: 7505: 7498: 7493: 7486: 7481: 7474: 7470: 7465: 7458: 7454: 7449: 7442: 7437: 7430: 7426: 7421: 7414: 7409: 7402: 7397: 7390: 7386: 7382: 7378: 7373: 7367:, p. 42. 7366: 7365:Freedman 2008 7361: 7359: 7352:, p. 47. 7351: 7346: 7339: 7334: 7327: 7323: 7318: 7311: 7307: 7302: 7295: 7290: 7283: 7278: 7271: 7267: 7263: 7259: 7258:Isaacson 2003 7254: 7247: 7242: 7235: 7230: 7223: 7218: 7211: 7206: 7198: 7192: 7188: 7181: 7174: 7169: 7153: 7150:. U.S. Army. 7149: 7142: 7135: 7130: 7124:, p. 31. 7123: 7119: 7114: 7107: 7103: 7098: 7082: 7078: 7072: 7056: 7052: 7046: 7039: 7035: 7031: 7027: 7022: 7015: 7011: 7007: 7003: 6998: 6991: 6986: 6979: 6974: 6967: 6962: 6955: 6951: 6946: 6939: 6935: 6930: 6923: 6918: 6911: 6906: 6899: 6895: 6891: 6886: 6880:, p. 75. 6879: 6875: 6870: 6854: 6850: 6844: 6842: 6840: 6832: 6827: 6821:, p. 68. 6820: 6816: 6811: 6804: 6800: 6795: 6788: 6783: 6776: 6771: 6764: 6759: 6753:, p. 44. 6752: 6748: 6743: 6736: 6731: 6729: 6712: 6708: 6704: 6698: 6691: 6686: 6679: 6674: 6667: 6662: 6646: 6642: 6636: 6620: 6616: 6612: 6606: 6599: 6586: 6582: 6576: 6569: 6553: 6549: 6542: 6535: 6528: 6523: 6521: 6513: 6512:Grizzard 2002 6509: 6504: 6497: 6493: 6488: 6481: 6476: 6460: 6456: 6452: 6445: 6438: 6434: 6429: 6413: 6409: 6408: 6403: 6396: 6380: 6376: 6372: 6366: 6359: 6354: 6348:, p. 14. 6347: 6343: 6338: 6332:, p. 69. 6331: 6327: 6322: 6315: 6311: 6306: 6300:, p. 38. 6299: 6295: 6291: 6287: 6282: 6275: 6271: 6267: 6262: 6255: 6251: 6247: 6242: 6235: 6231: 6226: 6219: 6214: 6207: 6202: 6195: 6191: 6186: 6179: 6174: 6167: 6162: 6155: 6150: 6143: 6139: 6135: 6130: 6123: 6119: 6114: 6108:, p. 53. 6107: 6102: 6100: 6083: 6079: 6078: 6073: 6066: 6059: 6055: 6051: 6046: 6040:, p. 26. 6039: 6034: 6027: 6023: 6018: 6011: 6007: 6002: 5995: 5990: 5984:, p. 42. 5983: 5978: 5971: 5966: 5959: 5954: 5947: 5943: 5938: 5931: 5927: 5922: 5915: 5911: 5907: 5903: 5898: 5882: 5878: 5874: 5868: 5861: 5856: 5849: 5845: 5844:Anderson 2007 5840: 5833: 5828: 5822:, p. 25. 5821: 5818:, p. 8; 5817: 5812: 5796: 5792: 5788: 5781: 5775:, p. 24. 5774: 5769: 5762: 5758: 5753: 5737: 5733: 5729: 5723: 5721: 5714:, p. 36. 5713: 5709: 5705: 5700: 5684: 5680: 5676: 5670: 5663: 5659: 5655: 5650: 5634: 5630: 5626: 5620: 5604: 5600: 5596: 5592: 5586: 5584: 5576: 5573:, p. 9; 5572: 5567: 5560: 5557:, p. 3; 5556: 5551: 5544: 5539: 5523: 5519: 5518: 5513: 5507: 5500: 5495: 5491: 5478: 5472: 5465: 5461: 5457: 5453: 5447: 5437: 5428: 5421: 5417: 5411: 5402: 5394: 5388: 5381: 5377: 5371: 5364: 5363:Benjamin West 5358: 5351: 5345: 5335: 5328: 5324: 5321:, a slave of 5320: 5314: 5305: 5296: 5287: 5280: 5268: 5264: 5260: 5254: 5250: 5240: 5237: 5235: 5232: 5230: 5227: 5225: 5222: 5220: 5217: 5216: 5214: 5199: 5192: 5184: 5177: 5169: 5162: 5154:issue of 1917 5153: 5147: 5135: 5126: 5124: 5120: 5116: 5112: 5108: 5104: 5098: 5088: 5086: 5082: 5078: 5073: 5071: 5067: 5063: 5059: 5054: 5052: 5051:National Mall 5048: 5044: 5039: 5037: 5033: 5022: 5018: 5012: 5004: 4997: 4987: 4983: 4973: 4968: 4963: 4960: 4957:By contrast, 4955: 4952: 4948: 4945: 4942: 4938: 4933: 4929: 4924: 4922: 4918: 4914: 4910: 4906: 4901: 4899: 4895: 4891: 4890:Jeffersonians 4887: 4882: 4879: 4878:eulogized him 4876: 4872: 4868: 4864: 4860: 4853: 4849: 4845: 4840: 4834: 4830: 4820: 4816: 4812: 4810: 4805: 4802: 4798: 4793: 4790: 4786: 4781: 4779: 4775: 4767: 4762: 4758: 4756: 4752: 4746: 4736: 4732: 4730: 4726: 4722: 4717: 4715: 4706: 4701: 4697: 4693: 4690: 4685: 4681: 4678: 4673: 4671: 4667: 4660: 4656: 4652: 4643: 4641: 4637: 4633: 4629: 4623: 4619: 4613: 4603: 4601: 4597: 4593: 4588: 4583: 4581: 4577: 4572: 4568: 4566: 4562: 4557: 4556:anti-Catholic 4552: 4550: 4549: 4544: 4540: 4535: 4531: 4530:Supreme Being 4527: 4526:Divine Author 4523: 4519: 4515: 4514: 4509: 4505: 4500: 4497: 4493: 4489: 4485: 4481: 4477: 4469: 4465: 4464:Masonic lodge 4461: 4457: 4452: 4442: 4440: 4436: 4432: 4427: 4425: 4420: 4416: 4411: 4409: 4405: 4400: 4393: 4389: 4388:Edward Savage 4385: 4384: 4379: 4373:Personal life 4370: 4367: 4362: 4360: 4356: 4352: 4348: 4343: 4340: 4335: 4328: 4324: 4319: 4314: 4304: 4302: 4298: 4294: 4288: 4286: 4281: 4277: 4274: 4269: 4267: 4263: 4258: 4256: 4252: 4248: 4244: 4240: 4232: 4228: 4224: 4215: 4213: 4209: 4203: 4200: 4199:James McHenry 4196: 4192: 4187: 4185: 4181: 4180:John Marshall 4177: 4173: 4162: 4152: 4150: 4146: 4142: 4138: 4134: 4130: 4129:James Flexner 4126: 4122: 4117: 4112: 4110: 4103: 4100: 4096: 4094: 4093: 4088: 4084: 4080: 4079:James Madison 4072: 4071: 4066: 4062: 4057: 4047: 4043: 4041: 4037: 4033: 4028: 4026: 4021: 4016: 4012: 4007: 4005: 4001: 4000:Congress Hall 3997: 3993: 3989: 3984: 3982: 3976: 3969: 3968: 3961: 3952: 3950: 3946: 3942: 3938: 3937:Maumee Valley 3934: 3933:Anthony Wayne 3929: 3927: 3923: 3919: 3915: 3911: 3910:Josiah Harmar 3906: 3904: 3900: 3896: 3891: 3889: 3885: 3881: 3873: 3869: 3865: 3861: 3857: 3855: 3854:Little Turtle 3851: 3847: 3840: 3836: 3832: 3828: 3823: 3819: 3813: 3809: 3805: 3795: 3793: 3788: 3784: 3779: 3776: 3772: 3767: 3765: 3760: 3756: 3752: 3742: 3738: 3735: 3731: 3727: 3722: 3719: 3713: 3707: 3703: 3699: 3694: 3689: 3679: 3677: 3671: 3669: 3664: 3655: 3652: 3648: 3645: 3636: 3627: 3613: 3610: 3607:The nation's 3605: 3602: 3598: 3593: 3591: 3590:Residence Act 3587: 3583: 3582:Potomac River 3579: 3575: 3566: 3562: 3558: 3554: 3550: 3544:National Bank 3541: 3539: 3535: 3531: 3527: 3522: 3520: 3516: 3512: 3508: 3504: 3493: 3490: 3485: 3483: 3479: 3475: 3471: 3467: 3462: 3460: 3450: 3446: 3444: 3440: 3436: 3432: 3428: 3424: 3420: 3419:Samuel Osgood 3416: 3412: 3408: 3405:in July, the 3404: 3394: 3392: 3389: 3388: 3386: 3382: 3380: 3377: 3376: 3374: 3370: 3368: 3365: 3363: 3359: 3355: 3351: 3349: 3348:James McHenry 3346: 3345: 3343: 3339: 3337: 3334: 3333: 3331: 3327: 3325: 3322: 3320: 3316: 3312: 3308: 3306: 3303: 3302: 3300: 3296: 3294: 3291: 3289: 3285: 3281: 3277: 3275: 3272: 3271: 3269: 3265: 3263: 3260: 3259: 3257: 3253: 3251: 3248: 3247: 3245: 3241: 3238: 3235: 3233: 3229: 3225: 3221: 3219: 3216: 3214: 3211: 3210: 3206: 3202: 3199: 3197: 3194: 3193: 3189: 3185: 3182: 3179: 3178: 3173: 3169: 3159: 3157: 3153: 3148: 3147:Confederation 3143: 3139: 3137: 3133: 3129: 3128:James Madison 3125: 3121: 3117: 3113: 3109: 3102: 3098: 3094: 3089: 3079: 3077: 3067: 3063: 3053: 3051: 3046: 3036: 3034: 3030: 3026: 3022: 3018: 3013: 3011: 3010:Virginia Plan 3005: 3003: 2999: 2995: 2994:James Madison 2990: 2987: 2982: 2977: 2974: 2965: 2961: 2957: 2956: 2951: 2946: 2936: 2934: 2930: 2926: 2922: 2918: 2913: 2910: 2909:Potomac canal 2906: 2901: 2899: 2879: 2871: 2860: 2856: 2846: 2844: 2839: 2836: 2832: 2827: 2825: 2821: 2816: 2811: 2809: 2805: 2800: 2798: 2790: 2789:John Trumbull 2786: 2785: 2780: 2775: 2765: 2762: 2758: 2753: 2751: 2746: 2742: 2738: 2733: 2731: 2724: 2714: 2711: 2706: 2704: 2699: 2694: 2692: 2688: 2684: 2680: 2676: 2672: 2668: 2664: 2659: 2657: 2653: 2648: 2646: 2642: 2638: 2637:Walter Butler 2634: 2630: 2625: 2623: 2619: 2611: 2607: 2603: 2598: 2593: 2583: 2581: 2575: 2573: 2572: 2564: 2562: 2561:court-martial 2557: 2553: 2550:. Historians 2549: 2545: 2541: 2536: 2534: 2530: 2526: 2522: 2518: 2512: 2508: 2498: 2495: 2491: 2486: 2484: 2480: 2475: 2473: 2467: 2465: 2464:Thomas Conway 2461: 2456: 2454: 2450: 2445: 2441: 2437: 2430: 2426: 2422: 2418: 2412: 2408: 2404: 2399: 2395: 2385: 2381: 2379: 2375: 2374:Bemis Heights 2371: 2367: 2363: 2362:Horatio Gates 2359: 2354: 2352: 2348: 2344: 2340: 2335: 2333: 2329: 2325: 2321: 2317: 2313: 2309: 2305: 2301: 2300:John Burgoyne 2295: 2291: 2287: 2276: 2266: 2262: 2259: 2255: 2250: 2248: 2244: 2240: 2236: 2232: 2227: 2224: 2220: 2216: 2211: 2209: 2203: 2201: 2197: 2193: 2188: 2183: 2181: 2177: 2173: 2168: 2164: 2159: 2156: 2155:John Sullivan 2152: 2148: 2141: 2137: 2136:John Trumbull 2133: 2132: 2127: 2121: 2117: 2116: 2111: 2105: 2101: 2100: 2095: 2090: 2086: 2082: 2078: 2068: 2066: 2062: 2058: 2054: 2049: 2047: 2043: 2039: 2035: 2030: 2026: 2022: 2018: 2017:William Heath 2014: 2010: 2006: 2001: 1995: 1987: 1986:Staten Island 1983: 1979: 1978:New York City 1975: 1970: 1968: 1967:New York City 1961: 1957: 1953: 1948: 1937: 1927: 1924: 1919: 1917: 1913: 1912:Charles River 1909: 1905: 1900: 1898: 1894: 1890: 1886: 1882: 1878: 1873: 1871: 1867: 1860: 1856: 1851: 1846: 1836: 1834: 1833:New York City 1830: 1826: 1822: 1816: 1814: 1810: 1806: 1802: 1798: 1794: 1790: 1789:Horatio Gates 1786: 1781: 1779: 1775: 1770: 1768: 1764: 1760: 1756: 1749: 1745: 1741: 1736: 1732: 1722: 1720: 1716: 1712: 1708: 1704: 1699: 1697: 1693: 1689: 1684: 1682: 1678: 1674: 1670: 1669:Coercive Acts 1666: 1661: 1659: 1654: 1650: 1645: 1643: 1639: 1635: 1631: 1624: 1620: 1610: 1608: 1603: 1599: 1598:and fishing. 1597: 1596:flour milling 1591: 1587: 1583: 1580: 1576: 1575:Great Kanawha 1572: 1568: 1563: 1561: 1560:Custis estate 1557: 1552: 1550: 1546: 1542: 1538: 1532: 1530: 1526: 1522: 1512: 1508: 1502: 1494: 1490: 1484: 1474: 1464: 1460: 1457: 1453: 1449: 1444: 1442: 1438: 1434: 1430: 1426: 1420: 1416: 1414: 1410: 1406: 1402: 1398: 1394: 1387: 1383: 1379: 1375: 1373: 1369: 1364: 1359: 1356: 1352: 1348: 1342: 1340: 1336: 1331: 1329: 1325: 1324:Fort Duquesne 1321: 1317: 1310: 1306: 1301: 1296: 1292: 1286: 1276: 1274: 1270: 1269:Fort Le Boeuf 1265: 1263: 1262:Susquehannock 1259: 1255: 1254:Conotocaurius 1251: 1247: 1243: 1237: 1235: 1231: 1227: 1223: 1219: 1209: 1207: 1203: 1198: 1196: 1192: 1188: 1184: 1180: 1176: 1172: 1167: 1165: 1161: 1157: 1153: 1149: 1145: 1141: 1136: 1134: 1130: 1126: 1122: 1118: 1114: 1110: 1106: 1102: 1098: 1090: 1086: 1082: 1078: 1074: 1069: 1065: 1055: 1053: 1049: 1045: 1041: 1037: 1033: 1029: 1025: 1021: 1017: 1012: 1010: 1006: 1002: 1001:Mr. President 998: 994: 993:republicanism 990: 986: 982: 978: 975:. During the 974: 970: 966: 962: 957: 955: 951: 947: 943: 939: 935: 932:. During the 931: 927: 923: 919: 914: 912: 908: 904: 900: 896: 892: 888: 884: 880: 872: 863: 854: 851: 849: 846: 842: 839: 837: 834: 832: 829: 827: 824: 823: 822: 819: 815: 812: 810: 807: 805: 802: 800: 797: 795: 792: 791: 790: 787: 786: 784: 783: 779: 772: 768: 761: 758: 756: 753: 752: 750: 746: 739: 736: 733: 730: 727: 723: 720: 717: 714: 711: 707: 704: 703: 701: 697: 690: 687: 684: 683: 681: 677: 671: 668: 666: 663: 661: 658: 657: 655: 651: 645:United States 644: 642: 641:Great Britain 639: 638: 636: 632: 627: 623: 619: 615: 609: 606: 604: 601: 600: 598: 594: 587: 584: 581: 578: 577: 575: 571: 568: 565: 561: 555: 552: 550: 547: 546: 544: 540: 520: 515: 511: 508: 505: 501: 496: 466: 464:Resting place 462: 458: 449: 445: 441: 436: 432: 428: 423: 419: 410: 407: 402: 399: 398: 396: 392: 389: 386: 380: 376: 370: 364: 359: 355: 349: 346: 343: 337: 334: 331: 325: 319: 314: 310: 305: 301: 297: 293: 290: 284: 280: 277: 271: 268: 267:James Madison 265: 261: 255: 250: 247: 242: 238: 234: 231: 225: 222: 219: 213: 210: 207: 201: 195: 190: 187: 183: 179: 176: 173: 167: 164: 161: 155: 151: 147: 141: 136: 133: 128: 125: 122: 116: 113: 110: 104: 100: 97: 92: 86: 81: 78: 73: 69: 56: 51: 44: 41: 37: 33: 19: 26162: 26145: 26133:from Commons 26128: 26107: 26028: 26019: 25912: 25843:Construction 25832: 25757:Emma Willard 25742:Walt Whitman 25721: 25712:Lillian Wald 25682:Joseph Story 25642:William Penn 25622:Thomas Paine 25597:James Monroe 25492:Mark Hopkins 25472:Joseph Henry 25392:Peter Cooper 25372:Rufus Choate 25327:Daniel Boone 25312:Clara Barton 25222:Robert Gates 25191: 25179: 25167: 25155: 25143: 25131: 25125: 25114:Philip Yorke 25084:William Wake 25072:William Wake 24990: 24976: 24910: 24892: 24885: 24868: 24809:Student life 24594: 24516:Mount Vernon 24273: 24193:Coat of arms 24077:Bicentennial 23960:Other topics 23946:Liberty Tree 23918: 23858:Constitution 23850: 23755:Beaumarchais 23643:Samuel Adams 23481: 23394:William Howe 23389:Richard Howe 23289:West Florida 23274:East Florida 23248:Rhode Island 23243:Pennsylvania 23176:Involvement 23120:Gordon Riots 23105:Valley Forge 23100:Conway Cabal 23078:Other events 22840:Philadelphia 22738:British Army 22629:Powder Alarm 22559:Model Treaty 22481: 22239:Expansionism 22207:Common Sense 22205: 21799:Westmoreland 21554: 21485: 21477: 21410: 21209:James Wilson 21172:Pennsylvania 21069:John Langdon 21052: 20827:Speedy Trial 20669: 20560:Appointments 20494: 20277:Equal Rights 20173:20th century 19855:Thomas Lynch 19829:Joseph Hewes 19787: 19767:Samuel Chase 19762:William Paca 19673:Pennsylvania 19664:John De Hart 19644:James Kinsey 19628:Simon Boerum 19623:Henry Wisner 19539:Rhode Island 19520:Samuel Adams 19287:T. Roosevelt 19256:2021–present 19242:Donald Trump 19232:Barack Obama 19212:Bill Clinton 19182:Jimmy Carter 18842:James Monroe 18801: 18793:presidencies 18713: 18680: 18656: 18651: 18644: 18634: 18604: 18584: 18583: 18566: 18561: 18521: 18514:John Adams → 18512: 18427:George Reade 18415:Mildred Gale 18272:Conway Cabal 18227:Coat of arms 18185:Bibliography 18162: 18154: 18146: 18138: 18130: 18123:The Crossing 18122: 18114: 18109:1986 sequel) 18101: 17935:Paris statue 17880: 17852: 17845: 17822: 17815: 17808: 17801: 17794: 17787: 17770: 17762: 17754: 17746: 17739:plaster copy 17731: 17713: 17709:Purple Heart 17543:Mount Vernon 17480:public image 17180:Purple Heart 17109:Valley Forge 16920: 16818:, subset of 16734:The Atlantic 16733: 16720: 16707: 16695:The Atlantic 16694: 16682:The Atlantic 16681: 16668: 16656:The Atlantic 16655: 16642:The Atlantic 16640: 16610: 16587:. Retrieved 16578: 16562:. Retrieved 16553: 16538:. Retrieved 16527: 16502: 16498: 16485: 16481: 16465:. Retrieved 16456: 16440:. Retrieved 16431: 16395: 16391: 16358: 16354: 16329: 16325: 16313:. Retrieved 16297:the original 16292: 16277:the original 16256: 16250: 16218: 16214: 16202:. Retrieved 16193: 16164: 16160: 16143: 16139: 16114: 16108: 16073: 16069: 16038: 16017: 15996: 15973: 15953: 15939: 15925: 15903: 15889: 15864: 15847:. Retrieved 15828: 15812:. Retrieved 15792: 15771: 15749: 15739: 15718: 15707: 15696: 15676: 15666: 15641: 15619: 15597: 15576: 15554: 15532: 15508: 15487: 15476: 15455: 15431: 15408: 15387: 15363: 15340: 15319: 15295: 15279:. Retrieved 15259: 15246: 15225: 15203: 15189: 15182:Lear, Tobias 15162: 15134: 15112: 15099: 15079: 15069: 15053: 15032: 15005: 14983: 14962: 14942: 14922: 14902: 14883: 14862: 14846:. ABC-CLIO. 14842: 14818: 14794: 14773: 14760: 14748: 14726: 14715: 14692: 14672: 14651: 14630: 14609: 14598: 14576: 14562: 14535: 14514: 14490: 14468: 14445: 14423: 14402: 14378: 14354: 14331: 14306: 14280: 14258: 14233: 14209: 14189: 14169: 14150: 14127: 14106: 14085: 14081:Chernow, Ron 14061: 14040: 14017: 13996: 13981: 13959: 13947: 13921: 13890: 13866: 13842: 13822: 13811: 13800:Book sources 13787:Bibliography 13773:. Retrieved 13758: 13749: 13737:. Retrieved 13726: 13717: 13705:. Retrieved 13697:GW Libraries 13696: 13687: 13675:. Retrieved 13664: 13655: 13643:. Retrieved 13632: 13623: 13614: 13607:. Retrieved 13594: 13585: 13573:. Retrieved 13562: 13552: 13540:. Retrieved 13531: 13521: 13509: 13502:Chernow 2010 13497: 13485:. Retrieved 13471: 13452: 13446: 13439:Fischer 2004 13434: 13427:Ferling 2009 13422: 13417:, p. 6. 13410: 13398:. Retrieved 13387: 13377: 13362:Chernow 2010 13357: 13345: 13333:. Retrieved 13324: 13314: 13302:. 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Retrieved 11670: 11661: 11654:Ferling 2002 11649: 11642:Chernow 2010 11638:Randall 1997 11634:Ferling 2002 11629: 11617: 11612:, chapter 1. 11610:Carlson 2016 11601: 11589: 11577:. Retrieved 11568: 11544: 11532:. Retrieved 11521: 11511: 11499:. Retrieved 11490: 11480: 11473:Vadakan 2005 11468: 11456: 11449:Chernow 2010 11444: 11428: 11416: 11409:Chernow 2010 11404: 11397:Chernow 2010 11377: 11370:Chernow 2010 11365: 11353: 11346:Chernow 2010 11342:Flexner 1974 11337: 11330:Chernow 2010 11325: 11318:Ferling 2009 11313: 11301: 11294:Chernow 2010 11275:Chernow 2010 11270: 11258:. Retrieved 11249: 11240: 11229:Chernow 2010 11224: 11212:. Retrieved 11203: 11194: 11187:Chernow 2010 11182: 11175:Ferling 2009 11166: 11159:Chernow 2010 11154: 11138: 11126: 11114: 11103:Flexner 1974 11098: 11091:Randall 1997 11086: 11079:Flexner 1974 11074: 11062: 11051:the original 11046: 11042: 11029: 11022:Chernow 2010 11017: 11006:Flexner 1972 11001: 10989: 10977: 10965: 10950:Flexner 1972 10942:Randall 1997 10937: 10930:Chernow 2010 10925: 10909: 10898:Randall 1997 10893: 10882:Chernow 2010 10877: 10866:Chernow 2010 10861: 10846:Chernow 2010 10842:Flexner 1972 10837: 10825: 10809: 10784: 10780: 10774: 10767:Chernow 2010 10763:Randall 1997 10758: 10747:Chernow 2010 10742: 10735:Chernow 2010 10730: 10718: 10707:Chernow 2010 10702: 10690: 10679:Banning 1974 10675:Ferling 2009 10670: 10659:Chernow 2010 10654: 10647:Chernow 2005 10642: 10635:Chernow 2010 10631:Randall 1997 10627:Ferling 1988 10622: 10615:Chernow 2010 10610: 10603:Randall 1997 10599:Ferling 2009 10595:Chernow 2010 10590: 10574: 10567:Chernow 2010 10558: 10551:Chernow 2010 10542: 10530:. 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Scribner. 14147:Coe, Alexis 13886:Avlon, John 13816:. Scribner. 13542:January 21, 13304:November 1, 13160:Hindle 2017 13028:Morgan 2005 13016:Morgan 2005 13004:Morgan 2005 12964:Morgan 2000 12960:Twohig 2001 12944:Morgan 2000 12940:Twohig 2001 12916:Morgan 2000 12912:Morgan 2005 12908:Twohig 2001 12892:Morgan 2005 12880:Morgan 2000 12856:Morgan 2005 12844:Morgan 2005 12832:Twohig 2001 12781:Morgan 2000 12765:Morgan 2000 12737:Morgan 2000 12725:Morgan 2000 12713:Morgan 2000 12676:Smithsonian 12562:Morgan 2000 12550:Morgan 2000 12538:Twohig 2001 12523:Morgan 2000 12499:Morgan 2000 12495:Twohig 2001 12483:Morgan 2000 12459:Morgan 2005 12455:Twohig 2001 12443:Morgan 2005 12431:Twohig 2001 12416:January 24, 12384:Morgan 2005 12380:Morgan 2000 12364:Morgan 2000 12133:Boller 1963 12010:Frazer 2012 11982:Frazer 2012 11773:Smithsonian 11742:Smithsonian 11681:January 21, 11437:Morens 1999 11382:Irving 1857 11358:Irving 1857 11233:Morens 1999 10994:Sparks 1839 10958:Boller 1963 10902:Boller 1963 10583:Taylor 2016 10563:Taylor 2016 10447:Taylor 2016 10416:October 26, 10356:Lengel 2005 10249:February 1, 9791:Taylor 2016 9779:Taylor 2016 9430:Irving 1857 9327:Jensen 1948 9143:Taylor 2016 9123:Taylor 2016 8905:Taylor 2016 8873:Taylor 2016 8751:Taylor 2016 8680:Lengel 2005 8613:Lengel 2005 8573:Taylor 2016 8513:Taylor 2016 8501:Taylor 2016 8398:Taylor 2016 8366:Palmer 2010 8354:Palmer 2010 8334:Palmer 2010 8310:Lengel 2005 8286:Palmer 2010 8174:Taylor 2016 8149:Smithsonian 8084:(5): 50–73. 8019:Smithsonian 7933:Taylor 2016 7804:Taylor 2016 7708:Taylor 2016 7633:Taylor 2016 7605:Taylor 2016 7593:Taylor 2016 7577:Farner 1996 7573:Taylor 2016 7561:Taylor 2016 7529:Taylor 2016 7517:Taylor 2016 7485:Taylor 2016 7457:Taylor 2016 7429:Taylor 2016 7389:Taylor 2016 7381:Lengel 2005 7322:Lengel 2005 7310:Taylor 2016 7266:Taylor 2016 7246:Taylor 2016 7222:Taylor 2016 7210:Taylor 2016 7173:Taylor 2016 7134:Morgan 2000 7034:Taylor 2016 7002:Taylor 2016 6966:Taylor 2016 6954:Taylor 2016 6898:Taylor 2016 6878:Taylor 2016 6831:Taylor 2016 6803:Taylor 2016 6598:Swearingen. 6568:Washington. 6455:Smithsonian 6371:"West Ford" 6274:Lengel 2005 6077:Smithsonian 5906:Lengel 2005 5517:BBC History 5376:Cincinnatus 5198:dollar bill 5181:Washington 5166:Washington 4951:Ron Chernow 4917:Gerald Ford 4886:Federalists 4809:Tobias Lear 4785:Thomas Coke 4772:During the 4766:Tobias Lear 4723:escaped to 4571:Freemasonry 4541:appears in 4534:Ron Chernow 4415:tooth decay 4359:War of 1812 4273:Tobias Lear 4266:tracheotomy 4243:James Craik 4147:called the 4145:Ron Chernow 3955:Second term 3783:Great Lakes 3565:White House 3472:formed the 3391:Charles Lee 3152:Tobias Lear 3108:inaugurated 2929:agriculture 2685:arrived at 2556:Ron Chernow 2521:Culper Ring 2519:formed the 2507:Culper Ring 2494:Charles Lee 2492:. Generals 2316:New England 2254:inoculation 2231:Nassau Hall 2223:Hugh Mercer 2208:Johann Rall 2172:James Ewing 1910:. When the 1870:Thomas Gage 1793:Charles Lee 1413:Thomas Gage 1363:James Innes 1226:Ohio Valley 1154:, and land 1097:Popes Creek 1007:. His 1796 1003:", and the 875:December 14 734:(U.S. Army) 507:Independent 490: / 440:Popes Creek 412:(1765–1775) 404:(1758–1765) 373:Preceded by 328:Preceded by 274:Preceded by 216:Preceded by 158:Preceded by 107:Preceded by 64: 1803 26418:Spymasters 26177:Categories 26147:Quotations 26004:(namesake) 25871:(assisted) 25853:(sculptor) 25707:Mark Twain 25527:James Kent 25497:Elias Howe 25377:Henry Clay 25277:John Adams 25138:John Tyler 24870:Shenandoah 24683:Henry Knox 24536:River Farm 24486:Ferry Farm 24471:Cedar Lawn 24067:Centennial 24022:television 23873:Jay Treaty 23770:de Guichen 23678:Huntington 23638:John Adams 23577:Montgomery 23482:Washington 23445:Rockingham 23430:Barrington 23399:Knyphausen 23369:Cornwallis 23228:New Jersey 23059:Chesapeake 23014:Charleston 22969:Germantown 22964:Brandywine 22954:Bennington 22743:Royal Navy 22733:Parliament 22680:Combatants 22653:Combatants 22432:Loyal Nine 22365:Quartering 22335:Navigation 22181:Liberalism 22171:John Locke 22159:Philosophy 22077:McConville 21879:McConville 21854:Schoomaker 21754:Eisenhower 21555:Washington 21482:(painting) 21434:and legacy 21292:John Blair 21141:New Jersey 21095:Rufus King 20993:Preemption 20907:War Powers 20842:Suspension 20660:Exceptions 20350:Human Life 20249:Unratified 20049:Amendments 19637:New Jersey 19598:John Alsop 19525:John Adams 19372:G. W. Bush 19327:Eisenhower 19277:Washington 19268:Presidency 18892:John Tyler 18812:John Adams 18725:John Tyler 18719:1788–1799 18692:John Adams 18686:1789–1797 18667:1774–1775 18641:1758–1775 18610:1798–1799 18579:Henry Knox 18573:1775–1783 18475:Oney Judge 18237:River Farm 18155:Washington 17773:(Trumbull) 17749:(Ceracchi) 17676:depictions 17533:Birthplace 17528:Early life 17402:Jay Treaty 17262:Presidency 17212:Other U.S. 16799:Audio help 16790:2019-03-02 14749:Washington 13775:August 30, 13739:August 19, 13707:August 19, 13609:August 31, 13575:August 21, 13370:Weems 1918 13350:Weems 1918 13152:Unger 2013 12980:Ellis 2004 12948:Ellis 2004 12868:Ellis 2004 12828:Ellis 2004 12761:Ellis 2004 12368:Ellis 2004 11942:Alden 1996 11565:"The Tomb" 11501:August 30, 11491:CW Journal 11306:Ellis 2004 11067:Ellis 2004 10970:Avlon 2017 10954:Avlon 2017 10946:Cooke 2002 10886:Lurie 2018 10870:Lurie 2018 10854:Hayes 2017 10818:Lurie 2018 10751:Cooke 2002 10723:Cooke 2002 10711:Cooke 2002 10695:Cooke 2002 10683:Cooke 2002 10663:Cooke 2002 10579:Cooke 2002 10547:Cooke 2002 10464:Cooke 2002 10372:Cooke 2002 10340:Akers 2002 10304:Estes 2001 10300:Estes 2000 10210:Ellis 2004 10087:Cooke 2002 10059:Cooke 2002 10047:Cooke 2002 10003:Sobel 1968 9987:Sobel 1968 9975:Cooke 2002 9963:Cooke 2002 9876:August 31, 9743:Cooke 2002 9683:Cooke 2002 9671:Cooke 2002 9631:Cooke 2002 9598:Unger 2013 9582:Unger 2013 9578:Ellis 2004 9554:Unger 2013 9530:Unger 2013 9502:Alden 1996 9482:Cooke 2002 9446:Cooke 2002 9434:Alden 1996 9331:Unger 2013 9251:Alden 1996 9239:Alden 1996 9191:Unger 2013 9091:Alden 1996 9049:Subak 2018 9033:Ellis 2004 8885:Alden 1996 8775:Alden 1996 8672:Alden 1996 8597:Alden 1996 8561:Alden 1996 8549:Alden 1996 8525:Alden 1996 8410:Alden 1996 8350:Adams 1928 8330:Adams 1928 8314:Adams 1928 8266:Adams 1928 8198:Alden 1996 8119:Alden 1996 8064:Alden 1996 8048:Alden 1996 8001:Alden 1996 7772:Alden 1996 7760:Alden 1996 7557:Alden 1996 7541:Davis 1975 7513:Davis 1975 7469:Ellis 2004 7158:August 10, 7006:Ellis 2004 6910:Alden 1996 6751:Ellis 2004 6678:Ellis 2004 6527:Ellis 2004 6385:October 9, 6298:Ellis 2004 6190:Ellis 2004 6178:Alden 1996 6134:Alden 1996 6118:Alden 1996 6058:Alden 1996 6054:Ellis 2004 6010:Ellis 2004 5639:August 30, 5528:August 30, 5487:References 5036:Washington 4863:Revolution 4837:See also: 4561:New Church 4524:, and the 4513:Providence 4323:sarcophagi 4311:See also: 4208:distillery 4166:Retirement 3992:John Adams 3943:, and the 3880:peace pipe 3868:Red Jacket 3792:John Adams 3771:Jay Treaty 3578:Georgetown 3561:John Adams 3530:Ohio River 3431:Henry Knox 3324:Henry Knox 3218:John Adams 3166:See also: 2998:Henry Knox 2710:Portsmouth 2683:Rochambeau 2602:Rochambeau 2544:West Point 2540:John André 2351:Germantown 2180:Pennington 2065:New Jersey 2040:to defend 2034:Royal Navy 2025:East River 1893:George III 1805:Henry Knox 1763:John Adams 1675:drafted a 1529:Alexandria 1397:expedition 1230:Ohio River 1146:School in 1121:Ferry Farm 1077:Ferry Farm 985:Jay Treaty 634:Allegiance 573:Occupation 292:John Tyler 233:Henry Knox 152:John Adams 124:John Adams 101:John Adams 26064:Biography 25557:Mary Lyon 25267:inductees 24942:Colonnade 24778:Academics 24592:President 24526:Ridgedale 24481:Fairfield 24461:Beall-Air 23941:Diplomacy 23929:Political 23912:Prisoners 23816:Aftermath 23790:Vergennes 23765:de Grasse 23760:d'Estaing 23750:Louis XVI 23688:Jefferson 23653:Dickinson 23597:St. Clair 23582:Nicholson 23557:Lafayette 23517:Duportail 23487:Alexander 23455:Shelburne 23339:Arbuthnot 23178:(by 23044:Pensacola 23004:Gibraltar 22979:St. Lucia 22944:Princeton 22656:Campaigns 22509:Minutemen 22425:Colonials 22381:Townshend 22310:Loyalists 22253:Royalists 22057:Chiarelli 21957:B. Palmer 21927:Lemnitzer 21922:W. Palmer 21804:B. 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