72:
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1053:
445:
42:
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84:
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553:. Reportedly, his campaign caused some of the remaining French settlers to emigrate to the Spanish-controlled territories west of the Mississippi, leaving relatively few in Prairie du Rocher. Many of the subsequent settlers of the area had been members of Clark's campaign, or were related to someone who was. They were convinced of the promise of the area by tales of the fertility of the soil in the area now called
350:, site of a French military fortification and colonial headquarters established in 1720. Some buildings were reconstructed after falling into ruins, and the complex is now a state park and historical site. The fort and town were a center of government and commerce at the time when France claimed a vast territory in North America,
985:
In the village, the population was spread out, with 29.2% under the age of 18, 9.5% from 18 to 24, 27.2% from 25 to 44, 22.0% from 45 to 64, and 12.1% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 34 years. For every 100 females, there were 81.4 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over,
604:
to breach the levee in two additional locations. Because of risk, the COE had argued against such a decision. The village put out a call for help and added a foot and a half of sandbags to the creek levee. Finally, the two openings allowed enough water to escape back to the main channel so that the
430:
This country is one of the most beautiful in all
Louisiana. Every kind of grain and vegetables are produced here in the greatest abundance .... they have, also, large numbers of oxen, cows, sheep, etc., upon the prairies. Poultry is abundant, and fish plentiful. So that, in fact, they lack none of
981:
living together, 9.2% had a female householder with no husband present, and 33.3% were non-families. 28.3% of all households were made up of individuals, and 12.9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.55 and the average family size was 3.16.
965:
of 2000, there were 613 people, 240 households, and 160 families residing in the village. The population density was 1,076.2 inhabitants per square mile (415.5/km). There were 255 housing units at an average density of 447.7 units per square mile (172.9 units/km). The racial makeup of the
596:(COE) decided to use a barge-mounted shovel to break through the Mississippi River levee near Fort de Chartres, to allow flood waters to escape back to the Mississippi River channel. This did not significantly lower the water level, but the COE decided against further action.
440:
that reached back from the riverfront through the common. The villagers kept the plots open within the common, and built a fence around it to keep out livestock. A school existed as early as the 1760s; students boarded with local families.
599:
In a 3:30 a.m. decision, with the flood waters at the top of the sandbags stacked on top of the
Prairie du Rocher Creek levee, all three commissioners of the Fort de Chartres – Ivy Landing Drainage and Levee District voted to use
660:. During that time, people from a broad area come to camp out for the weekend. They dress like Indians and French soldiers of the mid-18th century, camp out at the fort, and re-enact the wars that decided the ownership of the fort.
435:
In 1743 the territorial government granted the
Prairie du Rocher Common (land used by all the villagers) to the village; the common was used until 1852. The villagers had plots for cultivation defined in typical French fashion:
621:
French settlers founded
Prairie du Rocher circa 1722. At least twelve surviving houses in the village were built in the eighteenth century, including the Melliere House, which was constructed in 1735. Another is the
456:
did not practice fertilization, the soil became exhausted. In addition, an increase in population meant there was not sufficient land for everyone. Some villagers moved to the west side of the
Mississippi and founded
71:
1005:
The town has one elementary school for grades K-8. Students must travel to a nearby town for high school. The village has a library and two parks, one owned by the school and the other by the town.
346:
Prairie du Rocher is one of the oldest communities in the 21st century United States that was founded as a French settlement. About four miles to the west, closer to the
Mississippi River, is
588:
levee protecting the town, residents discovered a unique situation had developed. The water that had broken through the main
Mississippi River levee and was approaching the top of the
989:
The median income for a household in the village was $ 35,795, and the median income for a family was $ 44,659. Males had a median income of $ 31,750 versus $ 20,556 for females. The
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2057:
589:
585:
2052:
403:
97:
1824:
158:
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was signed in 1763; however, the
British did not arrive in force until 1765. To avoid British rule, many of the town's French residents moved across the
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41:
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times in France. It has been celebrated in
Prairie du Rocher every New Year's Eve since settlement in 1722. The town also celebrates
83:
1090:
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32:
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is a French military fort constructed in the 18th century. It later was designated an
Illinois state historic site.
1884:
510:
261:
240:
1531:
1899:
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According to the 2010 census, Prairie du Rocher has a total area of 0.57 square miles (1.48 km), all land.
502:
2037:
1761:
971:
977:
There were 240 households, out of which 39.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 52.5% were
391:
1040:
402:, a nephew of Boisbriand, founded Prairie du Rocher. The town was built on a tract of land donated by the
1571:
1527:
444:
538:
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406:. Boisbriand later became the commandant of the area. The town was strategically located along fertile
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465:. They quickly created an agricultural community with characteristics similar to Prairie du Rocher.
494:
458:
281:
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The volunteer fire department occupies part of the city hall (which also houses the post office).
1997:
1944:
1924:
1706:
993:
for the village was $ 14,771. About 9.3% of families and 8.3% of the population were below the
486:
324:
1618:
581:, flood waters engulfed Fort de Chartres. They also threatened the town of Prairie du Rocher.
1969:
1746:
1711:
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1442:
1419:
1400:
1354:
1225:
689:
522:
518:
506:
474:
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National Register of Historic Places Inventory/Nomination: French Colonial Historic District
1134:
2004:
1959:
1716:
1251:
1217:
286:
250:
8:
2042:
1984:
1904:
1894:
1874:
1721:
1462:
1022:
967:
680:
is the only state highway that runs through Prairie du Rocher. It connects the town with
542:
498:
478:
420:
1380:
Verhovek, Sam. "The Midwest Flooding; Illinois Town Cuts Levee Against Federal Advice",
1343:
1964:
1929:
1736:
1693:
1150:"Missouri Memoirs of a French Village: a chronicle of old Prairie du Rocher, 1722–1972"
693:
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1457:
1318:
1291:
1177:
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566:
546:
526:
490:
407:
332:
613:
481:), the British gained possession of French lands east of the Mississippi, excluding
1934:
1751:
1671:
688:, 4 miles (6 km) to the west. Bluff Road connects the town to as far south as
685:
663:
657:
395:
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347:
1196:
1979:
1974:
1939:
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1909:
1726:
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554:
410:
340:
1741:
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style by an unknown English-speaking immigrant from the eastern United States.
2021:
1480:
1203:
1173:
French Colonial Archaeology: The Illinois Country and the Western Great Lakes
426:
D'Artaguette, an inspector in the country in the early 18th century, wrote:
320:
112:
99:
1218:"The Conspiracy of Pontiac and the Indian War after the Conquest of Canada"
1026:
994:
623:
592:
levee was higher than the water in the main Mississippi River channel. The
419:
later helped supply critical wheat and corn to New Orleans and other lower
328:
1081:
997:, including 6.3% of those under age 18 and 14.3% of those age 65 or over.
1635:
1197:
Margaret Kimball Brown, "French Colony Survivors in the Illinois Country"
640:
482:
1415:
National Register of Historic Places Inventory/Nomination: Creole House
351:
336:
331:, the community is located near bluffs that flank the east side of the
1206:, Northern Illinois University Library, Retrieved on January 24, 2008
415:
359:
231:
1681:
978:
649:
645:
605:
town was saved from flooding. The levee still stands strong today.
601:
462:
316:
269:
1287:
St. Louis Rising: The French Regime of Louis St. Ange de Bellerive
1252:"Visitor's Guide to Prairie du Rocher – Randolph County, Illinois"
1432:
1272:
Colonial Ste. Genevieve: An Adventure on the Mississippi Frontier
962:
437:
367:
308:
1283:
257:
236:
1524:"G001 - Geographic Identifiers - 2010 Census Summary File 1"
76:
Location of Prairie du Rocher in Randolph County, Illinois.
1147:
1567:
1314:
Land of Big Rivers: French and Indian Illinois, 1699–1778
638:
French customs practiced in Prairie du Rocher include
525:. He tried to prevent settlers entering from the then-
1337:
565:
Prairie du Rocher was one of the few towns along the
573:. After levees broke to the north near the towns of
1340:"Great Britain and the Illinois Country, 1763–1774"
545:captured Prairie du Rocher for the colonies in his
1474:
1105:
2058:1722 establishments in the French colonial empire
1082:"Illinois Town Cuts Levee Against Federal Advice"
656:during the summer, as well as the winter, at the
2019:
1169:
1465:: Illinois State Historical Society, 1948, 4–6.
1215:
413:. Surpluses from the productive cultivation by
2053:French colonial settlements of Upper Louisiana
626:, constructed in 1800, which was built in the
343:". The population was 502 at the 2020 census.
1604:
1384:, August 5, 1993, accessed September 29, 2009
684:, 7 miles (11 km) to the northeast, and
1685:Map of Illinois highlighting Randolph County
1477:"La Guiannee Tradition of Prairie du Rocher"
1310:
1274:, Gerald, MO: The Patrice Press, 1985, p. 25
1516:
1611:
1597:
1284:Carl J. Ekberg; Sharon K. Person (2015).
88:Location of Illinois in the United States
612:
443:
431:the necessaries or conveniences of life.
2020:
1433:"National Register Information System"
723:
532:
2033:Villages in Randolph County, Illinois
1592:
549:that also resulted in the capture of
46:A grain elevator in Prairie du Rocher
2048:Populated places established in 1722
1438:National Register of Historic Places
1025:, U.S. Congressman and Senator from
974:, and 0.65% from two or more races.
517:designated all the land west of the
2028:French-American culture in Illinois
1560:
1342:. American Historical Association:
1148:Fadler, T.P. (Theodore P.) (1972).
633:
373:The village was founded in 1722 by
358:, which stretched from present-day
197:0.00 sq mi (0.00 km)
189:0.57 sq mi (1.48 km)
181:0.57 sq mi (1.48 km)
13:
1680:
1619:Municipalities and communities of
1086:The Randolph County Herald Tribune
713:
569:that escaped being flooded in the
18:Village in Illinois, United States
14:
2069:
1075:
1016:
1008:
648:on New Year's Eve dating back to
608:
1070:St. Joseph Roman Catholic Church
1063:
1051:
1039:
501:in what was now, via the secret
448:French Colonial Illinois Country
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55:
40:
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1468:
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1387:
1374:
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699:
521:and east of the Mississippi an
473:Following their victory in the
468:
377:, mostly migrants from Canada.
1338:Clarence Edwin Carter (1910).
1277:
1264:
1245:
1209:
1190:
1163:
1141:
1127:
560:
1:
1412:Gilster, Ruth, and A. Hahn.
1115:. United States Census Bureau
1098:
385:
226:879.16/sq mi (339.24/km)
1000:
669:
7:
1572:United States Census Bureau
1528:United States Census Bureau
1475:Laura E. Stirnaman (1996).
1113:"2020 U.S. Gazetteer Files"
1058:French-Colonial style house
461:about 1750, in present-day
10:
2074:
1348:prairie du rocher british.
1032:
539:American Revolutionary War
515:Royal Proclamation of 1763
392:Pierre Dugué de Boisbriand
380:
1993:
1873:
1760:
1692:
1678:
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1622:Randolph County, Illinois
1170:John A. Walthall (1991).
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1216:Francis Parkman (1870).
205:394 ft (120 m)
986:there were 89.5 males.
594:Army Corps of Engineers
590:Prairie du Rocher Creek
586:Prairie du Rocher Creek
503:Treaty of Fontainebleau
307:("The Rock Prairie" in
1686:
1504:Cite journal requires
1362:Cite journal requires
1257:June 10, 2008, at the
1233:Cite journal requires
618:
449:
433:
325:French colonial period
1684:
1568:"U.S. Census website"
1554:"Explore Census Data"
1443:National Park Service
1420:National Park Service
1401:National Park Service
1311:M. J. Morgan (2010).
1135:"Explore Census Data"
955:U.S. Decennial Census
705:Historical population
616:
475:French and Indian War
447:
428:
249: • Summer (
113:38.08306°N 90.09583°W
2038:Villages in Illinois
2006:United States portal
1534:on February 13, 2020
1393:Brown, Margaret K.
692:and as far north as
404:Royal Indian Company
400:St. Thérèse Langlois
223: • Density
1458:Old Illinois Houses
1023:Henry C. Hansbrough
966:village was 99.02%
706:
571:Great Flood of 1993
543:George Rogers Clark
533:American Revolution
477:(also known as the
421:Louisiana Territory
118:38.08306; -90.09583
109: /
1687:
1261:, Great River Road
1092:The New York Times
704:
678:Illinois Route 155
619:
579:Valmeyer, Illinois
551:Vincennes, Indiana
450:
339:often called the "
311:) is a village in
215: • Total
194: • Water
178: • Total
2015:
2014:
1825:Prairie du Rocher
1732:Prairie du Rocher
991:per capita income
959:
958:
567:Mississippi River
547:Illinois campaign
507:Spanish Louisiana
493:to towns such as
491:Mississippi River
408:Mississippi River
333:Mississippi River
323:. Founded in the
305:Prairie du Rocher
302:
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186: • Land
159:Prairie du Rocher
25:Prairie du Rocher
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1483:on July 16, 2015
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634:Arts and culture
527:British Colonies
509:. Additionally,
479:Seven Years' War
438:long narrow lots
396:Fort de Chartres
394:built the first
375:French colonists
364:Illinois Country
348:Fort de Chartres
327:in the American
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1445:. July 9, 2010.
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1925:Leanderville
1795:Coulterville
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1707:Coulterville
1641:
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1970:Shiloh Hill
1877:communities
1850:Steeleville
1800:Ellis Grove
1780:Brewerville
1747:Steeleville
1712:Ellis Grove
1637:County seat
1577:January 31,
690:Ellis Grove
641:La Guiannée
561:1993 floods
537:During the
483:New Orleans
398:. In 1722,
270:ZIP Code(s)
116: /
2043:New France
2022:Categories
1960:Reily Lake
1805:Evansville
1717:Evansville
1099:References
961:As of the
654:Rendezvous
411:bottomland
386:New France
352:New France
337:floodplain
335:along the
210:Population
104:90°05′45″W
101:38°04′59″N
1985:Wine Hill
1905:Fort Gage
1895:Dozaville
1865:Wine Hill
1815:Palestine
1810:Kaskaskia
1762:Precincts
1722:Kaskaskia
1463:Champaign
1422:, n.d., 2
1403:, n.d., 2
1119:March 15,
1046:Road sign
1001:Education
670:Geography
499:St. Louis
454:habitants
416:habitants
390:In 1718,
360:Louisiana
294:FIPS code
282:Area code
232:Time zone
202:Elevation
1965:Schuline
1930:Marigold
1835:Rockwood
1737:Rockwood
1694:Villages
1487:July 15,
1255:Archived
1200:Archived
1155:July 15,
970:, 0.33%
694:Columbia
650:medieval
646:caroling
602:dynamite
575:Columbia
463:Missouri
452:Because
362:and the
317:Illinois
298:17-61639
155:Precinct
149:Randolph
140:Illinois
1955:Preston
1950:Prairie
1920:Houston
1830:Red Bud
1790:Chester
1785:Central
1770:Baldwin
1702:Baldwin
1667:Red Bud
1662:Chester
1644:Chester
1033:Gallery
381:History
329:Midwest
165:Founded
129:Country
33:Village
1935:Menard
1890:Bremen
1855:Tilden
1845:Sparta
1775:Bremen
1752:Tilden
1672:Sparta
1654:Cities
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309:French
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1980:Welge
1975:Walsh
1940:Modoc
1915:Grigg
1910:Glenn
1885:Blair
1860:Walsh
1820:Percy
1727:Percy
968:White
935:−1.5%
920:13.5%
875:−3.1%
845:14.9%
830:12.9%
815:−4.7%
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237:UTC-6
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1900:Eden
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1742:Ruma
1579:2008
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1319:ISBN
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926:2010
911:2000
896:1990
890:6.5%
881:1980
866:1970
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