6636:
166:
905:
779:. Poole observes that "we have to wait until he had discredited himself by his sale of the Papacy before we hear anything definite about his misdeeds; and the further we go in time and place, the worse his character becomes". Poole considers Benedict "a negligent Pope, very likely a profligate man", but notes that the picture presented of Benedict is drawn at a time when the party opposed to him was in the ascendant, and he had neither friends nor supporters.
5374:
3278:
3290:
6648:
5363:
844:
930:
813:
in May 1045. He consulted his godfather, the pious priest John
Gratian, about the possibility of resigning. He offered to give up the papacy into the hands of his godfather if he would reimburse him for his election expenses. John Gratian paid him the money and was recognized as pope in his stead, as
912:
Benedict IX soon regretted his resignation and returned to Rome, taking the city and remaining on the throne until July 1046, although
Gregory VI continued to be recognized as the true pope. At the time, Sylvester III also reasserted his claim. A number of influential clergy and laity besought
775:, "In a time of acute political hostility, accusations, as we know too well, are made and are believed, which in a calmer time would never have been suggested." He further suggests the credibility of such accusations was determined by probability rather than proof, and a reaction to the
760:, wrote that in Benedict, "It seemed as if a demon from hell, in the disguise of a priest, occupied the chair of Peter and profaned the sacred mysteries of religion by his insolent courses." Horace K. Mann called him "a disgrace to the Chair of Peter".
921:
in
December 1046, Benedict IX and Sylvester III were declared deposed while Gregory VI was encouraged to resign because the arrangement he had entered into with Benedict was considered simoniacal; that is, to have been paid for. A German,
219:
for three periods between
October 1032 and July 1048. Aged about 20 when first elected, he is the youngest pope in history. He is the only person to have been Pope more than once and the only person ever accused of selling the papacy.
808:
Benedict IX's forces returned in April 1045 and expelled his rival, allowing
Benedict to resume the papacy. Doubting his own ability to maintain his position, and wishing to marry his cousin, Benedict decided to
1354:
1294:
1299:(in Latin) (Dialogi de miraculis Sancti Benedicti Liber Tertius auctore Desiderio abbate Casinensis ed.), Hannover: Deutsches Institut für Erforschung des Mittelalters, p. 141, archived from
227:. In October 1032, Benedict's father obtained his election through bribery. However, his reputedly dissolute activities provoked a revolt on the part of the Romans. Benedict was driven out of Rome and
4050:
3887:
6424:
1359:(in Latin), vol. I (Bonizonis episcopi Sutriensis: Liber ad amicum ed.), Hannover: Deutsches Institut für Erforschung des Mittelalters, p. 584, archived from
768:, referred to "his rapes, murders and other unspeakable acts of violence and sodomy. His life as a pope was so vile, so foul, so execrable, that I shudder to think of it."
786:, who had expelled the bishops of Piacenza and Cremona from their sees. Bishop Benno of Piacenza accused Benedict of "many vile adulteries and murders". He was accused by
796:
of routine sodomy and bestiality and sponsoring orgies. In
September 1044, opposition to Benedict IX's dissolute lifestyle forced him out of the city again and elected
6313:
3642:
818:. Peter Damian hailed the change with joy and wrote to the new pope, urging him to deal with the scandals of the church in Italy, singling out the wicked bishops of
5410:
5057:
1300:
6620:
6615:
3672:
1360:
1236:
4977:
4075:
305:
in
October 1032. Other sources state that he was 11 or 12, based upon the unsubstantiated testimony of Rupert Glaber, a monk of St. Germanus at Auxerre.
5964:
5444:
3226:
6339:
4542:
961:
6414:
3328:
231:
elected to succeed him. Some months later, Benedict and his supporters managed to expel
Sylvester. Benedict then decided to resign in favor of his
4863:
5724:
5451:
5255:
5042:
4045:
3382:
5403:
3925:
5997:
5490:
4594:
4337:
3875:
3095:
1101:
6379:
5678:
5250:
4279:
4182:
5215:
5077:
3995:
242:
Benedict subsequently had second thoughts, returned, and attempted to depose
Gregory VI. A number of prominent clergymen appealed to
6723:
6132:
3590:
5396:
5162:
4256:
3089:
5826:
5768:
3490:
3485:
941:
in
November, again becoming pope, but was driven away by German troops in July 1048. To fill the power vacuum, the German-born
5194:
5142:
3774:
3154:
1421:
1392:
1072:
5636:
5532:
5132:
4868:
3386:
3321:
6498:
6396:
6283:
5172:
5002:
3910:
3657:
3256:
1245:
6536:
5838:
5589:
4831:
4328:
3937:
3662:
3232:
1200:
6683:
5668:
4814:
4416:
4063:
3897:
3348:
1409:
1274:
891:
865:
873:
6703:
6439:
5919:
5809:
5328:
4876:
4629:
4574:
4439:
4174:
4170:
3915:
3700:
3647:
5934:
5858:
5478:
5456:
5337:
4679:
4654:
4619:
4614:
4579:
4459:
4058:
3942:
3532:
3495:
3378:
3358:
3314:
1607:
926:, was chosen to succeed Gregory VI. Benedict IX had not attended the council and did not accept his deposition.
6173:
5792:
5439:
5431:
5419:
5275:
4987:
4674:
4644:
4624:
4564:
4354:
4070:
3608:
3600:
3512:
3373:
3353:
1661:
869:
157:
6468:
6047:
6022:
5631:
4649:
4639:
3965:
3836:
3734:
3431:
992:
243:
1485:
6708:
6508:
6027:
6017:
5473:
5230:
5201:
5184:
5092:
4704:
4669:
4659:
4237:
4218:
4080:
3831:
3744:
3250:
969:
6718:
6473:
5843:
5616:
5240:
3990:
3858:
3727:
3079:
1195:
302:
6482:
5507:
5157:
4955:
4609:
4261:
4227:
4186:
1656:
1266:
956:
Benedict IX's eventual fate is obscure, but he seems to have given up his claims to the papal throne.
6698:
6541:
6243:
5554:
5347:
5293:
4964:
4914:
4604:
4559:
3667:
1636:
732:
330:
6374:
5949:
5466:
5377:
5313:
5235:
5206:
4826:
4821:
4699:
4599:
4584:
4569:
4411:
4232:
4122:
4040:
3864:
3841:
3792:
3465:
854:
258:
to decide the matter. Benedict IX, Sylvester III, and Gregory VI were all deposed. Henry then had
5992:
5848:
5575:
5298:
4930:
4891:
4858:
4304:
4284:
4152:
4030:
3980:
3759:
3560:
3500:
1641:
945:
was elected pope and universally recognized as such. Benedict IX refused to appear on charges of
858:
668:
271:
1168:
6678:
6463:
6349:
6062:
5367:
5308:
5303:
4937:
4743:
4664:
4589:
4469:
4147:
4035:
3975:
3652:
3540:
3294:
174:
6693:
6688:
6359:
6344:
6057:
5914:
5821:
5621:
5604:
5517:
5461:
5072:
4899:
4324:
4105:
3970:
3816:
3522:
3460:
3419:
3404:
3070:
1443:
1260:
1136:
1109:
757:
583:
495:
6409:
1231:
6591:
6586:
6581:
6576:
6571:
6566:
6561:
6556:
6551:
6518:
6445:
6288:
6248:
6067:
5969:
5944:
5883:
5688:
5663:
5599:
4476:
4445:
4342:
4223:
4137:
4017:
3920:
3637:
3632:
3555:
3505:
3436:
3414:
387:
823:
8:
6640:
6364:
6354:
6303:
6161:
6147:
6007:
5749:
5512:
5265:
5167:
4960:
4944:
4464:
4374:
3825:
3769:
3717:
3618:
3580:
2935:
2318:
1600:
772:
337:
170:
165:
6652:
6429:
6198:
6122:
6090:
5909:
5878:
5715:
5703:
5564:
5502:
5285:
5102:
3960:
3952:
3695:
3396:
3363:
3214:
3208:
3103:
2955:
2950:
2915:
2784:
2764:
2684:
2583:
2558:
2548:
2448:
2433:
1957:
1685:
1678:
1533:
1523:
986:
810:
792:
782:
Pope Benedict IX was briefly forced out of Rome in 1036, but returned with the help of
658:
247:
6218:
6598:
6503:
6278:
6264:
6238:
6223:
6127:
6112:
6042:
6032:
5901:
5833:
5734:
5698:
5594:
5245:
4481:
3806:
3686:
3453:
3409:
3289:
3122:
3055:
3050:
2970:
2965:
2940:
2874:
2849:
2829:
2789:
2739:
2704:
2659:
2624:
2614:
2604:
2588:
2573:
2533:
2518:
2488:
2413:
2393:
2353:
2238:
2092:
2037:
1891:
1417:
1388:
1270:
1068:
914:
783:
591:
6488:
6293:
6273:
6193:
6178:
6077:
5979:
5853:
5693:
5651:
5646:
5626:
5609:
5522:
5107:
4881:
4843:
4801:
4729:
4724:
4691:
4498:
4431:
4394:
4389:
4369:
4364:
4289:
4142:
4132:
4092:
3623:
3441:
3424:
3109:
3045:
3020:
3000:
2975:
2960:
2930:
2869:
2864:
2814:
2744:
2734:
2714:
2689:
2679:
2674:
2669:
2619:
2578:
2528:
2523:
2513:
2493:
2483:
2388:
2363:
2338:
2313:
2303:
2293:
2278:
2177:
2157:
2147:
2112:
2047:
2042:
2022:
1982:
1922:
1861:
1846:
1841:
1776:
1761:
1736:
1726:
1209:
918:
408:
291:
255:
4347:
1350:
1348:“Post multa turpia adulteria et homicidia manibus suis perpetrata, postremo, etc.”
6713:
6546:
6513:
6457:
6451:
6308:
6213:
6117:
5929:
5423:
5388:
5342:
5225:
5082:
5047:
4853:
4848:
4773:
4768:
4709:
4634:
4384:
4314:
3846:
3787:
3337:
3148:
3115:
3035:
2945:
2920:
2910:
2905:
2900:
2824:
2759:
2724:
2709:
2644:
2634:
2609:
2563:
2543:
2508:
2498:
2478:
2463:
2458:
2453:
2428:
2423:
2373:
2358:
2283:
2263:
2243:
2228:
2223:
2203:
2167:
2152:
2072:
2057:
2052:
2017:
2007:
1992:
1952:
1942:
1927:
1917:
1907:
1771:
1716:
1620:
1577:
1560:
1550:
1497:
1382:
1313:
Cuius vita quam turpis, quam freda, quamque execranda extiterit, horresco referre
1290:
1163:
1058:
1033:
815:
776:
761:
236:
92:
47:
6673:
6609:
6434:
6228:
6203:
6167:
6107:
6100:
6095:
6085:
5939:
5924:
5863:
5739:
5729:
5485:
5260:
5189:
5037:
4972:
4758:
4748:
4734:
4719:
4399:
4294:
4178:
4157:
3691:
3570:
3545:
3517:
3448:
3282:
3238:
3220:
3189:
3183:
3175:
3169:
3163:
2995:
2925:
2859:
2809:
2799:
2779:
2754:
2699:
2694:
2664:
2639:
2568:
2553:
2538:
2473:
2418:
2408:
2383:
2268:
2258:
2253:
2248:
2218:
2213:
2208:
2142:
2127:
2062:
2027:
1997:
1967:
1962:
1947:
1881:
1856:
1831:
1821:
1816:
1811:
1801:
1721:
1711:
1593:
1585:
1022:
950:
938:
212:
185:
37:
5802:
1438:
1131:
6667:
6493:
6419:
6385:
6369:
6329:
6012:
5987:
5763:
5673:
5658:
5580:
5152:
5112:
4997:
4919:
4904:
4753:
4714:
4520:
4404:
4201:
3870:
3585:
3030:
3010:
2985:
2854:
2819:
2794:
2749:
2729:
2654:
2649:
2629:
2503:
2438:
2398:
2378:
2368:
2273:
2182:
2137:
2087:
2082:
2077:
2032:
2012:
2002:
1977:
1937:
1886:
1876:
1871:
1851:
1806:
1766:
1751:
1731:
1673:
1631:
1506:
1472:
Heirs of the Fisherman : Behind the Scenes of Papal Death and Succession
1064:
1018:
998:
797:
676:
573:
380:
279:
275:
228:
149:
66:
25:
6603:
6478:
6334:
6298:
6037:
5959:
5803:
5549:
5544:
5539:
5527:
5127:
5062:
4992:
4982:
4909:
4809:
4778:
4554:
4503:
4271:
4213:
4110:
3881:
3798:
3754:
3749:
3739:
3550:
3477:
3244:
3060:
3040:
3025:
3005:
2990:
2980:
2839:
2834:
2774:
2769:
2719:
2403:
2348:
2343:
2298:
2288:
2187:
2162:
2132:
2067:
1987:
1912:
1826:
1791:
1786:
1781:
1741:
1177:
1029:
787:
510:
287:
283:
251:
216:
904:
6404:
6233:
6208:
6183:
6156:
6143:
6052:
5954:
5641:
5323:
5179:
5052:
5032:
5027:
5022:
5007:
4309:
4244:
4100:
4025:
4003:
3851:
3613:
3575:
3015:
2895:
2890:
2844:
2468:
2333:
2328:
2233:
2172:
2117:
2107:
2102:
1972:
1796:
1746:
1701:
6188:
5773:
5017:
5012:
4836:
4763:
4379:
4299:
3930:
3129:
2804:
2323:
2308:
2122:
2097:
1932:
1836:
1756:
1706:
1648:
1452:
1145:
942:
923:
259:
98:
72:
1384:
Liber Gomorrhianus: omosessualità ecclesiastica e riforma della Chiesa
5122:
5117:
5087:
4783:
4546:
4530:
4515:
4359:
4249:
4127:
4117:
3985:
3764:
1866:
232:
843:
756:
Benedict IX's reign was scandalous, and factional strife continued.
6647:
6002:
5756:
5744:
5362:
5270:
5097:
4196:
3565:
1668:
1026:
929:
224:
60:
3306:
917:
to cross the Alps and restore order. Henry intervened, and at the
6259:
5873:
5495:
5067:
3905:
3779:
3722:
973:
396:
1164:"Il Pontefice Benedetto IX. Appunti critici di storia mediovale"
972:, he was penitent and turned away from the sins he committed as
6425:
Pope Pius XII 1942 consecration to the Immaculate Heart of Mary
5868:
5778:
5683:
5220:
4525:
4510:
4454:
4421:
957:
946:
819:
295:
1486:
Opera Omnia by Migne Patrologia Latina with analytical indexes
960:
may have lifted the ban on him. Benedict IX was buried in the
5318:
4486:
4450:
965:
274:. He was closely related to several popes, being a nephew of
4491:
4210:
1616:
1567:
1540:
1513:
827:
208:
129:
937:
When Clement II died in October 1047, Benedict seized the
6314:
Dechristianization of France during the French Revolution
1237:
The New Schaff-Herzog Encyclopædia of Religious Knowledge
18:
Head of the Catholic Church variously from 1032 to 1048
1330:
223:
Benedict was the nephew of his immediate predecessor,
6345:
Dogma of the Immaculate Conception of the Virgin Mary
1258:
250:, to restore order. Henry and his forces crossed the
1318:
5418:
1081:
933:19th-century illustration of the Council of Sutri
908:19th-century religious card depicting Benedict IX
294:. His father obtained the papal chair for him by
6665:
6415:Persecutions of the Catholic Church and Pius XII
1615:
833:
751:
239:, provided he was reimbursed for his expenses.
1356:Monumenta Germaniae Historica, Libelli de lite
1296:Monumenta Germaniae Historica, Libelli de lite
1262:History of the City of Rome in the Middle Ages
5404:
3322:
1601:
803:
173:in favour of Abbaye Notre-Dame de Coulombs (
1025:invalidly and replaced for a few months by
872:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
6430:Dogma of the Assumption of the Virgin Mary
6380:Prayer of Consecration to the Sacred Heart
5411:
5397:
5251:International Alliance of Catholic Knights
3329:
3315:
1608:
1594:
1401:
1289:
1032:(who later became a legitimate pope after
1407:
892:Learn how and when to remove this message
1408:Kleinhenz, Christopher (2 August 2004).
1060:Vicars of Christ: A History of the Popes
1056:
928:
903:
164:
1349:
1189:
1187:
1099:
6666:
3710:
1380:
1259:Ferdinand Gregorovius (10 June 2010).
1161:
1106:The Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church
5392:
3310:
1589:
1336:
1324:
1229:
1193:
738:
736:
731:
729:
727:
709:
691:
689:
687:
674:
672:
667:
665:
656:
628:
602:
589:
587:
582:
580:
571:
553:
547:
545:
543:
525:
508:
506:
503:
501:
494:
489:
471:
465:
463:
461:
443:
441:
439:
433:
406:
395:
386:
384:
379:
373:
367:
365:
363:
361:
359:
357:
355:
353:
351:
349:
336:
329:
327:
325:
323:
321:
319:
317:
315:
290:, and possibly a distant relative of
1469:
1436:
1225:
1223:
1221:
1219:
1184:
1157:
1155:
1129:
1125:
1123:
1121:
1119:
1087:
870:adding citations to reliable sources
837:
6284:Suppression of the Society of Jesus
3336:
1246:Christian Classics Ethereal Library
1100:Miranda, Salvador (30 April 2010).
13:
5839:Archbasilica of Saint John Lateran
1387:(in Italian). Edizioni dell'Orso.
1201:Proceedings of the British Academy
301:Benedict IX was about twenty when
254:into Italy, where he summoned the
14:
6735:
1479:
1216:
1152:
1116:
145: December 1055/January 1056
6646:
6634:
5965:Fourth Council of Constantinople
5920:Second Council of Constantinople
5373:
5372:
5361:
5329:Society of Saint Vincent de Paul
4877:Criticism of the Catholic Church
3288:
3277:
3276:
1102:"Pope Benedict VIII (1012-1024)"
842:
286:, first cousin twice removed of
6724:Roman Catholic Clergy sexuality
5935:Third Council of Constantinople
5859:First Council of Constantinople
3496:First seven ecumenical councils
1430:
1414:Medieval Italy: An Encyclopedia
1374:
1342:
1283:
6174:Dissolution of the monasteries
5440:History of the Catholic Church
4071:Separation of church and state
1252:
1093:
1050:
1012:
308:
270:Benedict was the son of Count
1:
6048:Fourth Council of the Lateran
6023:Second Council of the Lateran
5632:Apostles in the New Testament
1057:Coulombe, Charles A. (2003).
1043:
1036:accepted his own deposition).
993:List of sexually active popes
834:Third pontificate (1047–1048)
752:First pontificate (1032–1044)
278:and John XIX, grandnephew of
265:
193:
177:), also signed by Benedict IX
141:
121:
6162:Catholic Counter-Reformation
6028:Third Council of the Lateran
6018:First Council of the Lateran
5474:Catholic ecumenical councils
1381:Damian, Saint Peter (2001).
1196:"Benedict IX and Gregory VI"
970:Bartholomew of Grottaferrata
7:
1194:Poole, Reginald L. (1917).
979:
743:r. 1032–1044,1045,1047–1048
158:Other popes named Benedict
10:
6740:
5508:History of the Roman Curia
5368:Catholic Church portal
1474:. Oxford University Press.
1463:
1267:Cambridge University Press
964:c. 1056. According to the
262:elected in December 1046.
6629:
6529:
6395:
6322:
6257:
6244:European wars of religion
6141:
6076:
5978:
5900:
5791:
5714:
5574:
5563:
5555:Eastern Catholic Churches
5430:
5356:
5294:Aid to the Church in Need
5284:
5141:
4954:
4915:Vatican Television Center
4890:
4800:
4690:
4560:Eastern Catholic Churches
4541:
4430:
4323:
4270:
4195:
4166:
4091:
4016:
3951:
3896:
3815:
3685:
3599:
3531:
3476:
3395:
3372:
3344:
3272:
3199:
3139:
3078:
3069:
2883:
2597:
2196:
1900:
1694:
1627:
1574:
1565:
1557:
1547:
1538:
1530:
1520:
1511:
1503:
1496:
1470:Pham, John-Peter (2004).
1176:(4): 549–571 – via
1162:Mathis, Agostino (1915).
804:Second pontificate (1045)
721:
719:
717:
707:
703:
697:
650:
648:
646:
640:
638:
636:
626:
622:
620:
618:
612:
610:
608:
565:
563:
561:
551:
549:
541:
537:
531:
492:
483:
481:
479:
469:
467:
459:
455:
449:
437:
435:
429:
423:
421:
404:
402:
400:
393:
391:
371:
369:
334:
331:Theophylact I of Tusculum
205:Theophylactus of Tusculum
156:
137:
118:Theophylactus of Tusculum
113:
108:
82:
53:
43:
36:
23:
6684:11th-century archbishops
6375:Mary of the Divine Heart
5998:Clash against the empire
5950:Second Council of Nicaea
5844:Old St. Peter's Basilica
5236:Communion and Liberation
4700:Eastern Catholic liturgy
3865:Mystici Corporis Christi
3793:Sixto-Clementine Vulgate
1005:
6704:Medieval child monarchs
6641:Vatican City portal
5993:Investiture Controversy
5849:First Council of Nicaea
4051:Philosophy of canon law
3981:Mariology of the saints
3561:Investiture Controversy
3090:During the Roman Empire
764:, in his third book of
669:Alberic III of Tusculum
282:, great-grandnephew of
272:Alberic III of Tusculum
6653:Catholicism portal
6464:Second Vatican Council
6350:Our Lady of La Salette
6157:Protestant Reformation
6144:Protestant Reformation
6063:Second Council of Lyon
5452:Ecclesiastical history
5304:Catholic Charities USA
4938:Acta Apostolicae Sedis
4926:Vatican Polyglot Press
3976:Mariology of the popes
3614:Protestant Reformation
3295:Catholic Church Portal
3155:Conflicts with the HRE
1498:Catholic Church titles
1230:Hauck, Albert (1908).
962:Abbey of Grottaferrata
934:
909:
189:
178:
175:Coulombs, Eure-et-Loir
6360:First Vatican Council
6058:First Council of Lyon
5822:Constantine the Great
5518:Christian monasticism
5058:Good Shepherd Sisters
4900:Holy See Press Office
4138:Doctors of the Church
3971:Immaculate Conception
3926:Anointing of the Sick
3461:History of the papacy
3071:History of the papacy
1444:Catholic Encyclopedia
1437:Toke, Leslie (1911).
1351:Dümmler, Ernst Ludwig
1137:Catholic Encyclopedia
1130:Mann, Horace (1909).
932:
907:
758:Ferdinand Gregorovius
584:Gregory I of Tusculum
496:Alberic II of Spoleto
168:
6537:Sexual abuse scandal
6446:Mit brennender Sorge
6289:Age of Enlightenment
6068:Bernard of Clairvaux
5945:Byzantine Iconoclasm
5884:Council of Chalcedon
5664:Council of Jerusalem
5533:Role in civilization
5513:Religious institutes
5445:By country or region
4931:L'Osservatore Romano
4869:Role in civilisation
4595:Croatian and Serbian
4343:Episcopal conference
4305:St. Peter's Basilica
3663:Sexual abuse scandal
3619:Catholic Reformation
3233:Revolutionary Papacy
3227:Age of Enlightenment
1244:: 40–41 – via
1169:La Civiltà Cattolica
1112:on 15 February 2018.
866:improve this section
388:Alberic I of Spoleto
89:Sylvester III (1044)
6709:Popes who abdicated
6365:Papal infallibility
6355:Our Lady of Lourdes
6304:Shimabara Rebellion
6148:Counter-Reformation
5266:Neocatechumenal Way
5231:Charismatic Renewal
4945:Annuario Pontificio
4543:Particular churches
4219:Ecumenical councils
3991:Perpetual virginity
3826:Communitas perfecta
3770:Sermon on the Mount
3080:Antiquity and Early
2884:17th–21st centuries
2598:13th–16th centuries
773:Reginald Lane Poole
171:Robert II of France
152:, Papal States
132:, Papal States
6719:11th-century popes
6410:Our Lady of Fátima
6199:Ignatius of Loyola
6123:Catherine of Siena
6091:Pope Boniface VIII
5910:Benedict of Nursia
5879:Council of Ephesus
5716:Ante-Nicene period
5669:Split with Judaism
5503:Crusading movement
5103:Premonstratensians
3486:Ante-Nicene period
3364:Lists of Catholics
3215:Reformation Papacy
3209:Renaissance Papacy
3151:(1012–1044 / 1048)
3104:Ostrogothic Papacy
2197:9th–12th centuries
1439:"St. Peter Damian"
987:Liber Gomorrhianus
935:
910:
793:Liber Gomorrhianus
659:Pope Benedict VIII
248:King of the Romans
179:
6661:
6660:
6621:COVID-19 pandemic
6599:Pope Benedict XVI
6504:Pope John Paul II
6279:Pope Benedict XIV
6265:French Revolution
6249:Thirty Years' War
6239:Robert Bellarmine
6224:John of the Cross
6128:Pope Alexander VI
6113:Council of Vienne
6043:Francis of Assisi
6033:Pope Innocent III
5902:Early Middle Ages
5896:
5895:
5892:
5891:
5834:Arian controversy
5787:
5786:
5735:Apostolic Fathers
5386:
5385:
4796:
4795:
4189:
4012:
4011:
3704:
3681:
3680:
3673:COVID-19 pandemic
3643:French Revolution
3633:Thirty Years' War
3541:Islamic conquests
3454:Apostolic fathers
3389:
3304:
3303:
3268:
3267:
3160:Wandering Papacy
3123:Saeculum obscurum
3096:Under Constantine
1901:5th–8th centuries
1695:1st–4th centuries
1679:papal resignation
1584:
1583:
1575:Succeeded by
1548:Succeeded by
1521:Succeeded by
1423:978-1-135-94880-1
1394:978-88-7694-517-5
1339:, pp. 20–21.
1132:"Pope Gregory VI"
1074:978-0-8065-2370-5
915:Emperor Henry III
902:
901:
894:
824:Città di Castello
784:Emperor Conrad II
777:Tusculan hegemony
749:
748:
592:Pope Benedict VII
504:David or Deodatus
215:and ruler of the
163:
162:
6731:
6699:Cardinal-nephews
6651:
6650:
6639:
6638:
6637:
6616:Patriarch Kirill
6489:Pope John Paul I
6294:Anti-clericalism
6274:Pope Innocent XI
6194:Society of Jesus
6179:Council of Trent
6133:Age of Discovery
6078:Late Middle Ages
5980:High Middle Ages
5970:East–West Schism
5854:Pope Sylvester I
5800:
5799:
5789:
5788:
5699:General epistles
5694:Pauline epistles
5627:John the Baptist
5610:Great Commission
5572:
5571:
5523:Catholic culture
5413:
5406:
5399:
5390:
5389:
5376:
5375:
5366:
5365:
5108:Redemptoristines
4956:Religious orders
4882:Anti-Catholicism
4832:Church buildings
4692:Catholic liturgy
4432:Consecrated life
4290:Apostolic Palace
4257:Synod of Bishops
4193:
4192:
4169:
3775:Ten Commandments
3708:
3707:
3690:
3591:Age of Discovery
3425:Great Commission
3393:
3392:
3377:
3331:
3324:
3317:
3308:
3307:
3292:
3280:
3279:
3200:Early Modern and
3110:Byzantine Papacy
3076:
3075:
1610:
1603:
1596:
1587:
1586:
1558:Preceded by
1531:Preceded by
1504:Preceded by
1494:
1493:
1490:
1475:
1457:
1456:
1434:
1428:
1427:
1405:
1399:
1398:
1378:
1372:
1371:
1370:
1368:
1346:
1340:
1334:
1328:
1322:
1316:
1315:
1310:
1308:
1291:Victor III, Pope
1287:
1281:
1280:
1256:
1250:
1249:
1227:
1214:
1213:
1210:Internet Archive
1191:
1182:
1181:
1159:
1150:
1149:
1127:
1114:
1113:
1108:. Archived from
1097:
1091:
1085:
1079:
1078:
1054:
1037:
1016:
949:in 1049 and was
919:Council of Sutri
897:
890:
886:
883:
877:
846:
838:
800:to replace him.
740:Pope Benedict IX
409:Pope Sergius III
313:
312:
256:Council of Sutri
202:
198:
195:
182:Pope Benedict IX
146:
143:
126:
123:
109:Personal details
21:
20:
6739:
6738:
6734:
6733:
6732:
6730:
6729:
6728:
6664:
6663:
6662:
6657:
6645:
6635:
6633:
6625:
6547:World Youth Day
6525:
6514:World Youth Day
6458:Pacem in terris
6452:Pope John XXIII
6391:
6318:
6309:Edict of Nantes
6267:
6263:
6253:
6219:Teresa of Ávila
6214:Tridentine Mass
6150:
6146:
6137:
6118:Knights Templar
6072:
5974:
5930:Gregorian chant
5888:
5814:
5811:
5808:
5806:
5795:
5783:
5710:
5579:
5567:
5559:
5426:
5424:Catholic Church
5417:
5387:
5382:
5360:
5352:
5331:
5314:Relief Services
5280:
5226:Catholic Action
5216:Military orders
5153:Confraternities
5145:of the faithful
5144:
5137:
4959:
4950:
4886:
4792:
4686:
4545:
4537:
4470:Prior, Prioress
4426:
4319:
4315:Vatican Museums
4266:
4199:
4185:
4181:
4177:
4173:
4168:
4162:
4087:
4041:Social teaching
4008:
3947:
3892:
3847:One true church
3811:
3788:Sixtine Vulgate
3784:Official Bible
3698:
3694:
3689:
3677:
3595:
3527:
3472:
3442:Petrine primacy
3385:
3381:
3376:
3368:
3340:
3338:Catholic Church
3335:
3305:
3300:
3264:
3247:(1929–present)
3201:
3195:
3149:Tusculan Papacy
3141:
3135:
3116:Frankish Papacy
3081:
3065:
2879:
2593:
2192:
1896:
1690:
1623:
1621:Catholic Church
1614:
1580:
1571:
1563:
1553:
1544:
1536:
1526:
1517:
1509:
1488:
1482:
1466:
1461:
1460:
1435:
1431:
1424:
1406:
1402:
1395:
1379:
1375:
1366:
1364:
1363:on 13 July 2007
1347:
1343:
1335:
1331:
1323:
1319:
1306:
1304:
1303:on 15 July 2007
1288:
1284:
1277:
1257:
1253:
1228:
1217:
1192:
1185:
1160:
1153:
1128:
1117:
1098:
1094:
1086:
1082:
1075:
1067:. p. 198.
1055:
1051:
1046:
1041:
1040:
1017:
1013:
1008:
982:
898:
887:
881:
878:
863:
847:
836:
806:
762:Pope Victor III
754:
742:
680:
662:
595:
577:
514:
498:
412:
311:
268:
200:
196:
148:
144:
133:
127:
124:
120:
119:
104:
78:
48:Catholic Church
32:
29:
28:
19:
12:
11:
5:
6737:
6727:
6726:
6721:
6716:
6711:
6706:
6701:
6696:
6691:
6686:
6681:
6676:
6659:
6658:
6656:
6655:
6643:
6630:
6627:
6626:
6624:
6623:
6618:
6613:
6606:
6601:
6596:
6595:
6594:
6589:
6584:
6579:
6574:
6569:
6564:
6559:
6554:
6544:
6539:
6533:
6531:
6527:
6526:
6524:
6523:
6522:
6521:
6511:
6506:
6501:
6496:
6491:
6486:
6476:
6471:
6466:
6461:
6454:
6449:
6442:
6437:
6435:Lateran Treaty
6432:
6427:
6422:
6417:
6412:
6407:
6401:
6399:
6393:
6392:
6390:
6389:
6382:
6377:
6372:
6367:
6362:
6357:
6352:
6347:
6342:
6337:
6332:
6326:
6324:
6320:
6319:
6317:
6316:
6311:
6306:
6301:
6296:
6291:
6286:
6281:
6276:
6270:
6268:
6260:Baroque period
6258:
6255:
6254:
6252:
6251:
6246:
6241:
6236:
6231:
6229:Peter Canisius
6226:
6221:
6216:
6211:
6206:
6204:Francis Xavier
6201:
6196:
6191:
6186:
6181:
6176:
6171:
6168:Exsurge Domine
6164:
6159:
6153:
6151:
6142:
6139:
6138:
6136:
6135:
6130:
6125:
6120:
6115:
6110:
6108:Pope Clement V
6105:
6104:
6103:
6101:Avignon Papacy
6096:Western Schism
6093:
6088:
6086:Thomas Aquinas
6082:
6080:
6074:
6073:
6071:
6070:
6065:
6060:
6055:
6050:
6045:
6040:
6035:
6030:
6025:
6020:
6015:
6010:
6005:
6000:
5995:
5990:
5984:
5982:
5976:
5975:
5973:
5972:
5967:
5962:
5957:
5952:
5947:
5942:
5940:Saint Boniface
5937:
5932:
5927:
5925:Pope Gregory I
5922:
5917:
5912:
5906:
5904:
5898:
5897:
5894:
5893:
5890:
5889:
5887:
5886:
5881:
5876:
5871:
5866:
5864:Biblical canon
5861:
5856:
5851:
5846:
5841:
5836:
5831:
5830:
5829:
5818:
5816:
5797:
5793:Late antiquity
5785:
5784:
5782:
5781:
5776:
5771:
5766:
5761:
5760:
5759:
5754:
5753:
5752:
5747:
5742:
5740:Pope Clement I
5730:Church Fathers
5727:
5721:
5719:
5712:
5711:
5709:
5708:
5707:
5706:
5701:
5696:
5691:
5686:
5681:
5671:
5666:
5661:
5656:
5655:
5654:
5649:
5644:
5639:
5629:
5624:
5619:
5614:
5613:
5612:
5607:
5602:
5597:
5586:
5584:
5569:
5561:
5560:
5558:
5557:
5552:
5547:
5542:
5537:
5536:
5535:
5530:
5520:
5515:
5510:
5505:
5500:
5499:
5498:
5493:
5491:Biblical canon
5486:Catholic Bible
5483:
5482:
5481:
5471:
5470:
5469:
5459:
5454:
5449:
5448:
5447:
5436:
5434:
5428:
5427:
5416:
5415:
5408:
5401:
5393:
5384:
5383:
5381:
5380:
5370:
5357:
5354:
5353:
5351:
5350:
5345:
5340:
5335:
5332:
5326:
5321:
5316:
5311:
5306:
5301:
5296:
5290:
5288:
5282:
5281:
5279:
5278:
5273:
5268:
5263:
5261:Legion of Mary
5258:
5253:
5248:
5243:
5238:
5233:
5228:
5223:
5218:
5213:
5212:
5211:
5210:
5209:
5199:
5198:
5197:
5190:Lay Carmelites
5187:
5177:
5176:
5175:
5170:
5165:
5160:
5149:
5147:
5139:
5138:
5136:
5135:
5130:
5125:
5120:
5115:
5110:
5105:
5100:
5095:
5090:
5085:
5080:
5075:
5070:
5065:
5060:
5055:
5050:
5045:
5040:
5038:Conceptionists
5035:
5030:
5025:
5020:
5015:
5010:
5005:
5000:
4995:
4990:
4985:
4980:
4975:
4973:Assumptionists
4969:
4967:
4952:
4951:
4949:
4948:
4941:
4934:
4927:
4924:
4923:
4922:
4917:
4912:
4902:
4896:
4894:
4888:
4887:
4885:
4884:
4879:
4874:
4871:
4866:
4861:
4856:
4851:
4846:
4841:
4840:
4839:
4829:
4824:
4819:
4818:
4817:
4806:
4804:
4798:
4797:
4794:
4793:
4791:
4790:
4789:
4788:
4787:
4786:
4781:
4776:
4771:
4761:
4756:
4751:
4741:
4740:
4739:
4738:
4737:
4727:
4722:
4717:
4712:
4707:
4696:
4694:
4688:
4687:
4685:
4684:
4683:
4682:
4677:
4675:Syro-Malankara
4672:
4667:
4662:
4657:
4652:
4647:
4642:
4637:
4632:
4627:
4625:Italo-Albanian
4622:
4617:
4612:
4607:
4602:
4597:
4592:
4587:
4582:
4577:
4572:
4567:
4557:
4551:
4549:
4539:
4538:
4536:
4535:
4534:
4533:
4528:
4523:
4513:
4508:
4507:
4506:
4496:
4495:
4494:
4489:
4479:
4474:
4473:
4472:
4467:
4462:
4457:
4443:
4436:
4434:
4428:
4427:
4425:
4424:
4419:
4414:
4409:
4408:
4407:
4402:
4397:
4392:
4387:
4382:
4377:
4372:
4367:
4362:
4352:
4351:
4350:
4345:
4334:
4332:
4321:
4320:
4318:
4317:
4312:
4307:
4302:
4297:
4295:Lateran Treaty
4292:
4287:
4282:
4276:
4274:
4268:
4267:
4265:
4264:
4259:
4254:
4253:
4252:
4242:
4241:
4240:
4235:
4221:
4216:
4207:
4205:
4190:
4164:
4163:
4161:
4160:
4155:
4150:
4145:
4140:
4135:
4130:
4125:
4120:
4115:
4114:
4113:
4108:
4097:
4095:
4089:
4088:
4086:
4085:
4084:
4083:
4078:
4068:
4067:
4066:
4056:
4053:
4048:
4043:
4038:
4033:
4031:Moral theology
4028:
4022:
4020:
4014:
4013:
4010:
4009:
4007:
4006:
4001:
3998:
3993:
3988:
3983:
3978:
3973:
3968:
3963:
3957:
3955:
3949:
3948:
3946:
3945:
3940:
3935:
3934:
3933:
3923:
3918:
3913:
3908:
3902:
3900:
3894:
3893:
3891:
3890:
3885:
3878:
3873:
3868:
3861:
3856:
3855:
3854:
3849:
3839:
3834:
3829:
3821:
3819:
3813:
3812:
3810:
3809:
3804:
3803:
3802:
3795:
3790:
3782:
3777:
3772:
3767:
3762:
3757:
3752:
3747:
3742:
3737:
3732:
3731:
3730:
3725:
3714:
3712:
3705:
3683:
3682:
3679:
3678:
3676:
3675:
3670:
3665:
3660:
3655:
3650:
3645:
3640:
3635:
3630:
3629:
3628:
3627:
3626:
3616:
3605:
3603:
3597:
3596:
3594:
3593:
3588:
3583:
3578:
3573:
3568:
3563:
3558:
3553:
3548:
3546:Pope Gregory I
3543:
3537:
3535:
3529:
3528:
3526:
3525:
3520:
3518:Biblical canon
3515:
3513:Late antiquity
3510:
3509:
3508:
3503:
3493:
3488:
3482:
3480:
3474:
3473:
3471:
3470:
3469:
3468:
3458:
3457:
3456:
3449:Church fathers
3446:
3445:
3444:
3439:
3429:
3428:
3427:
3422:
3417:
3412:
3401:
3399:
3390:
3383:Ecclesiastical
3370:
3369:
3367:
3366:
3361:
3356:
3351:
3345:
3342:
3341:
3334:
3333:
3326:
3319:
3311:
3302:
3301:
3299:
3298:
3286:
3273:
3270:
3269:
3266:
3265:
3263:
3262:
3261:
3260:
3254:
3242:
3239:Roman Question
3236:
3230:
3229:(c. 1640–1740)
3224:
3221:Baroque Papacy
3218:
3212:
3205:
3203:
3197:
3196:
3194:
3193:
3190:Western Schism
3187:
3184:Avignon Papacy
3181:
3180:
3179:
3173:
3167:
3158:
3152:
3145:
3143:
3137:
3136:
3134:
3133:
3130:Crescentii era
3127:
3119:
3113:
3107:
3101:
3100:
3099:
3086:
3084:
3073:
3067:
3066:
3064:
3063:
3058:
3053:
3048:
3043:
3038:
3033:
3028:
3023:
3018:
3013:
3008:
3003:
2998:
2993:
2988:
2983:
2978:
2973:
2968:
2963:
2958:
2953:
2948:
2943:
2938:
2936:Alexander VIII
2933:
2928:
2923:
2918:
2913:
2908:
2903:
2898:
2893:
2887:
2885:
2881:
2880:
2878:
2877:
2872:
2867:
2862:
2857:
2852:
2847:
2842:
2837:
2832:
2827:
2822:
2817:
2812:
2807:
2802:
2797:
2792:
2787:
2782:
2777:
2772:
2767:
2762:
2757:
2752:
2747:
2742:
2737:
2732:
2727:
2722:
2717:
2712:
2707:
2702:
2697:
2692:
2687:
2682:
2677:
2672:
2667:
2662:
2657:
2652:
2647:
2642:
2637:
2632:
2627:
2622:
2617:
2612:
2607:
2601:
2599:
2595:
2594:
2592:
2591:
2586:
2581:
2576:
2571:
2566:
2561:
2556:
2551:
2546:
2541:
2536:
2531:
2526:
2521:
2516:
2511:
2506:
2501:
2496:
2491:
2486:
2481:
2476:
2471:
2466:
2461:
2456:
2451:
2446:
2441:
2436:
2431:
2426:
2421:
2416:
2411:
2406:
2401:
2396:
2391:
2386:
2381:
2376:
2371:
2366:
2361:
2356:
2351:
2346:
2341:
2336:
2331:
2326:
2321:
2319:Anastasius III
2316:
2311:
2306:
2301:
2296:
2291:
2286:
2281:
2276:
2271:
2266:
2261:
2256:
2251:
2246:
2241:
2236:
2231:
2226:
2221:
2216:
2211:
2206:
2200:
2198:
2194:
2193:
2191:
2190:
2185:
2180:
2175:
2170:
2165:
2160:
2155:
2150:
2145:
2140:
2135:
2130:
2125:
2120:
2115:
2110:
2105:
2100:
2095:
2090:
2085:
2080:
2075:
2070:
2065:
2060:
2055:
2050:
2045:
2040:
2035:
2030:
2025:
2020:
2015:
2010:
2005:
2000:
1995:
1990:
1985:
1980:
1975:
1970:
1965:
1960:
1955:
1950:
1945:
1940:
1935:
1930:
1925:
1920:
1915:
1910:
1904:
1902:
1898:
1897:
1895:
1894:
1889:
1884:
1879:
1874:
1869:
1864:
1859:
1854:
1849:
1844:
1839:
1834:
1829:
1824:
1819:
1814:
1809:
1804:
1799:
1794:
1789:
1784:
1779:
1774:
1769:
1764:
1759:
1754:
1749:
1744:
1739:
1734:
1729:
1724:
1719:
1714:
1709:
1704:
1698:
1696:
1692:
1691:
1689:
1688:
1683:
1682:
1681:
1671:
1666:
1665:
1664:
1659:
1651:
1646:
1645:
1644:
1639:
1628:
1625:
1624:
1613:
1612:
1605:
1598:
1590:
1582:
1581:
1576:
1573:
1564:
1559:
1555:
1554:
1549:
1546:
1537:
1532:
1528:
1527:
1522:
1519:
1510:
1505:
1501:
1500:
1492:
1491:
1481:
1480:External links
1478:
1477:
1476:
1465:
1462:
1459:
1458:
1429:
1422:
1400:
1393:
1373:
1341:
1329:
1317:
1282:
1275:
1251:
1215:
1183:
1151:
1115:
1092:
1080:
1073:
1048:
1047:
1045:
1042:
1039:
1038:
1010:
1009:
1007:
1004:
1003:
1002:
995:
990:
981:
978:
951:excommunicated
939:Lateran Palace
900:
899:
850:
848:
841:
835:
832:
805:
802:
753:
750:
747:
745:
744:
737:
735:
730:
728:
725:
724:
722:
720:
718:
716:
714:
711:
710:
708:
706:
704:
702:
700:
698:
696:
694:
692:
690:
688:
685:
683:
682:
673:
671:
666:
664:
654:
653:
651:
649:
647:
645:
643:
641:
639:
637:
635:
633:
630:
629:
627:
625:
623:
621:
619:
617:
615:
613:
611:
609:
607:
605:
603:
600:
598:
597:
588:
586:
581:
579:
569:
568:
566:
564:
562:
560:
558:
555:
554:
552:
550:
548:
546:
544:
542:
540:
538:
536:
534:
532:
530:
528:
526:
523:
522:
520:
517:
516:
507:
505:
502:
500:
493:
491:
490:Alda of Vienne
487:
486:
484:
482:
480:
478:
476:
473:
472:
470:
468:
466:
464:
462:
460:
458:
456:
454:
452:
450:
448:
446:
444:
442:
440:
438:
436:
434:
431:
430:
428:
426:
424:
422:
420:
418:
415:
414:
405:
403:
401:
399:
394:
392:
390:
385:
383:
377:
375:
374:
372:
370:
368:
366:
364:
362:
360:
358:
356:
354:
352:
350:
347:
346:
344:
341:
340:
335:
333:
328:
326:
324:
322:
320:
318:
316:
310:
307:
267:
264:
213:bishop of Rome
161:
160:
154:
153:
139:
135:
134:
128:
117:
115:
111:
110:
106:
105:
103:
102:
96:
90:
86:
84:
80:
79:
77:
76:
70:
64:
57:
55:
51:
50:
45:
41:
40:
38:Bishop of Rome
34:
33:
30:
24:
17:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
6736:
6725:
6722:
6720:
6717:
6715:
6712:
6710:
6707:
6705:
6702:
6700:
6697:
6695:
6692:
6690:
6687:
6685:
6682:
6680:
6679:Italian popes
6677:
6675:
6672:
6671:
6669:
6654:
6649:
6644:
6642:
6632:
6631:
6628:
6622:
6619:
6617:
6614:
6612:
6611:
6607:
6605:
6602:
6600:
6597:
6593:
6590:
6588:
6585:
6583:
6580:
6578:
6575:
6573:
6570:
6568:
6565:
6563:
6560:
6558:
6555:
6553:
6550:
6549:
6548:
6545:
6543:
6540:
6538:
6535:
6534:
6532:
6528:
6520:
6517:
6516:
6515:
6512:
6510:
6507:
6505:
6502:
6500:
6497:
6495:
6494:Mother Teresa
6492:
6490:
6487:
6484:
6480:
6477:
6475:
6472:
6470:
6467:
6465:
6462:
6460:
6459:
6455:
6453:
6450:
6448:
6447:
6443:
6441:
6438:
6436:
6433:
6431:
6428:
6426:
6423:
6421:
6420:Pope Pius XII
6418:
6416:
6413:
6411:
6408:
6406:
6403:
6402:
6400:
6398:
6394:
6388:
6387:
6386:Rerum novarum
6383:
6381:
6378:
6376:
6373:
6371:
6370:Pope Leo XIII
6368:
6366:
6363:
6361:
6358:
6356:
6353:
6351:
6348:
6346:
6343:
6341:
6340:United States
6338:
6336:
6333:
6331:
6330:Pope Pius VII
6328:
6327:
6325:
6321:
6315:
6312:
6310:
6307:
6305:
6302:
6300:
6297:
6295:
6292:
6290:
6287:
6285:
6282:
6280:
6277:
6275:
6272:
6271:
6269:
6266:
6261:
6256:
6250:
6247:
6245:
6242:
6240:
6237:
6235:
6232:
6230:
6227:
6225:
6222:
6220:
6217:
6215:
6212:
6210:
6207:
6205:
6202:
6200:
6197:
6195:
6192:
6190:
6187:
6185:
6182:
6180:
6177:
6175:
6172:
6170:
6169:
6165:
6163:
6160:
6158:
6155:
6154:
6152:
6149:
6145:
6140:
6134:
6131:
6129:
6126:
6124:
6121:
6119:
6116:
6114:
6111:
6109:
6106:
6102:
6099:
6098:
6097:
6094:
6092:
6089:
6087:
6084:
6083:
6081:
6079:
6075:
6069:
6066:
6064:
6061:
6059:
6056:
6054:
6051:
6049:
6046:
6044:
6041:
6039:
6036:
6034:
6031:
6029:
6026:
6024:
6021:
6019:
6016:
6014:
6013:Scholasticism
6011:
6009:
6006:
6004:
6001:
5999:
5996:
5994:
5991:
5989:
5988:Pope Urban II
5986:
5985:
5983:
5981:
5977:
5971:
5968:
5966:
5963:
5961:
5958:
5956:
5953:
5951:
5948:
5946:
5943:
5941:
5938:
5936:
5933:
5931:
5928:
5926:
5923:
5921:
5918:
5916:
5913:
5911:
5908:
5907:
5905:
5903:
5899:
5885:
5882:
5880:
5877:
5875:
5872:
5870:
5867:
5865:
5862:
5860:
5857:
5855:
5852:
5850:
5847:
5845:
5842:
5840:
5837:
5835:
5832:
5828:
5825:
5824:
5823:
5820:
5819:
5817:
5813:
5805:
5801:
5798:
5794:
5790:
5780:
5777:
5775:
5772:
5770:
5767:
5765:
5764:Justin Martyr
5762:
5758:
5755:
5751:
5748:
5746:
5743:
5741:
5738:
5737:
5736:
5733:
5732:
5731:
5728:
5726:
5723:
5722:
5720:
5717:
5713:
5705:
5702:
5700:
5697:
5695:
5692:
5690:
5687:
5685:
5682:
5680:
5677:
5676:
5675:
5674:New Testament
5672:
5670:
5667:
5665:
5662:
5660:
5657:
5653:
5650:
5648:
5645:
5643:
5640:
5638:
5637:Commissioning
5635:
5634:
5633:
5630:
5628:
5625:
5623:
5620:
5618:
5615:
5611:
5608:
5606:
5603:
5601:
5598:
5596:
5593:
5592:
5591:
5588:
5587:
5585:
5582:
5581:Apostolic Age
5577:
5573:
5570:
5566:
5562:
5556:
5553:
5551:
5548:
5546:
5543:
5541:
5538:
5534:
5531:
5529:
5526:
5525:
5524:
5521:
5519:
5516:
5514:
5511:
5509:
5506:
5504:
5501:
5497:
5494:
5492:
5489:
5488:
5487:
5484:
5480:
5477:
5476:
5475:
5472:
5468:
5467:Papal primacy
5465:
5464:
5463:
5460:
5458:
5455:
5453:
5450:
5446:
5443:
5442:
5441:
5438:
5437:
5435:
5433:
5429:
5425:
5421:
5414:
5409:
5407:
5402:
5400:
5395:
5394:
5391:
5379:
5371:
5369:
5364:
5359:
5358:
5355:
5349:
5346:
5344:
5341:
5339:
5336:
5333:
5330:
5327:
5325:
5322:
5320:
5317:
5315:
5312:
5310:
5309:Home Missions
5307:
5305:
5302:
5300:
5297:
5295:
5292:
5291:
5289:
5287:
5283:
5277:
5274:
5272:
5269:
5267:
5264:
5262:
5259:
5257:
5254:
5252:
5249:
5247:
5244:
5242:
5239:
5237:
5234:
5232:
5229:
5227:
5224:
5222:
5219:
5217:
5214:
5208:
5205:
5204:
5203:
5202:Saint Francis
5200:
5196:
5193:
5192:
5191:
5188:
5186:
5185:Saint Dominic
5183:
5182:
5181:
5178:
5174:
5171:
5169:
5166:
5164:
5161:
5159:
5156:
5155:
5154:
5151:
5150:
5148:
5146:
5140:
5134:
5131:
5129:
5126:
5124:
5121:
5119:
5116:
5114:
5111:
5109:
5106:
5104:
5101:
5099:
5096:
5094:
5091:
5089:
5086:
5084:
5081:
5079:
5076:
5074:
5071:
5069:
5066:
5064:
5061:
5059:
5056:
5054:
5051:
5049:
5046:
5044:
5041:
5039:
5036:
5034:
5031:
5029:
5026:
5024:
5021:
5019:
5016:
5014:
5011:
5009:
5006:
5004:
5001:
4999:
4998:Bethlehemites
4996:
4994:
4991:
4989:
4986:
4984:
4981:
4979:
4976:
4974:
4971:
4970:
4968:
4966:
4962:
4957:
4953:
4947:
4946:
4942:
4940:
4939:
4935:
4933:
4932:
4928:
4925:
4921:
4920:Vatican Radio
4918:
4916:
4913:
4911:
4908:
4907:
4906:
4905:Vatican Media
4903:
4901:
4898:
4897:
4895:
4893:
4889:
4883:
4880:
4878:
4875:
4872:
4870:
4867:
4865:
4862:
4860:
4857:
4855:
4852:
4850:
4847:
4845:
4842:
4838:
4835:
4834:
4833:
4830:
4828:
4825:
4823:
4820:
4816:
4813:
4812:
4811:
4808:
4807:
4805:
4803:
4799:
4785:
4782:
4780:
4777:
4775:
4772:
4770:
4767:
4766:
4765:
4762:
4760:
4757:
4755:
4752:
4750:
4747:
4746:
4745:
4742:
4736:
4733:
4732:
4731:
4728:
4726:
4723:
4721:
4718:
4716:
4713:
4711:
4708:
4706:
4703:
4702:
4701:
4698:
4697:
4695:
4693:
4689:
4681:
4678:
4676:
4673:
4671:
4668:
4666:
4663:
4661:
4658:
4656:
4653:
4651:
4648:
4646:
4643:
4641:
4638:
4636:
4633:
4631:
4628:
4626:
4623:
4621:
4618:
4616:
4613:
4611:
4608:
4606:
4603:
4601:
4598:
4596:
4593:
4591:
4588:
4586:
4583:
4581:
4578:
4576:
4573:
4571:
4568:
4566:
4563:
4562:
4561:
4558:
4556:
4553:
4552:
4550:
4548:
4544:
4540:
4532:
4529:
4527:
4524:
4522:
4519:
4518:
4517:
4514:
4512:
4509:
4505:
4502:
4501:
4500:
4497:
4493:
4490:
4488:
4485:
4484:
4483:
4480:
4478:
4475:
4471:
4468:
4466:
4463:
4461:
4458:
4456:
4452:
4449:
4448:
4447:
4444:
4441:
4438:
4437:
4435:
4433:
4429:
4423:
4420:
4418:
4415:
4413:
4410:
4406:
4403:
4401:
4398:
4396:
4393:
4391:
4388:
4386:
4383:
4381:
4378:
4376:
4373:
4371:
4368:
4366:
4363:
4361:
4358:
4357:
4356:
4353:
4349:
4346:
4344:
4341:
4340:
4339:
4336:
4335:
4333:
4330:
4326:
4322:
4316:
4313:
4311:
4308:
4306:
4303:
4301:
4298:
4296:
4293:
4291:
4288:
4286:
4283:
4281:
4278:
4277:
4275:
4273:
4269:
4263:
4260:
4258:
4255:
4251:
4248:
4247:
4246:
4243:
4239:
4236:
4234:
4231:
4230:
4229:
4225:
4222:
4220:
4217:
4215:
4212:
4209:
4208:
4206:
4203:
4202:List of popes
4198:
4194:
4191:
4188:
4184:
4180:
4176:
4172:
4165:
4159:
4156:
4154:
4151:
4149:
4146:
4144:
4141:
4139:
4136:
4134:
4131:
4129:
4126:
4124:
4121:
4119:
4116:
4112:
4109:
4107:
4104:
4103:
4102:
4099:
4098:
4096:
4094:
4090:
4082:
4079:
4077:
4074:
4073:
4072:
4069:
4065:
4062:
4061:
4060:
4057:
4054:
4052:
4049:
4047:
4044:
4042:
4039:
4037:
4034:
4032:
4029:
4027:
4024:
4023:
4021:
4019:
4015:
4005:
4002:
3999:
3997:
3994:
3992:
3989:
3987:
3986:Mother of God
3984:
3982:
3979:
3977:
3974:
3972:
3969:
3967:
3964:
3962:
3959:
3958:
3956:
3954:
3950:
3944:
3941:
3939:
3936:
3932:
3929:
3928:
3927:
3924:
3922:
3919:
3917:
3914:
3912:
3909:
3907:
3904:
3903:
3901:
3899:
3895:
3889:
3886:
3884:
3883:
3879:
3877:
3874:
3872:
3871:People of God
3869:
3867:
3866:
3862:
3860:
3859:Infallibility
3857:
3853:
3850:
3848:
3845:
3844:
3843:
3840:
3838:
3835:
3833:
3830:
3828:
3827:
3823:
3822:
3820:
3818:
3814:
3808:
3805:
3801:
3800:
3796:
3794:
3791:
3789:
3786:
3785:
3783:
3781:
3778:
3776:
3773:
3771:
3768:
3766:
3763:
3761:
3758:
3756:
3753:
3751:
3748:
3746:
3743:
3741:
3738:
3736:
3735:Body and soul
3733:
3729:
3726:
3724:
3721:
3720:
3719:
3716:
3715:
3713:
3709:
3706:
3703:
3702:
3697:
3693:
3688:
3684:
3674:
3671:
3669:
3666:
3664:
3661:
3659:
3656:
3654:
3651:
3649:
3646:
3644:
3641:
3639:
3638:Enlightenment
3636:
3634:
3631:
3625:
3622:
3621:
3620:
3617:
3615:
3612:
3611:
3610:
3609:Protestantism
3607:
3606:
3604:
3602:
3598:
3592:
3589:
3587:
3586:Scholasticism
3584:
3582:
3579:
3577:
3574:
3572:
3571:Schism (1378)
3569:
3567:
3564:
3562:
3559:
3557:
3556:Schism (1054)
3554:
3552:
3549:
3547:
3544:
3542:
3539:
3538:
3536:
3534:
3530:
3524:
3521:
3519:
3516:
3514:
3511:
3507:
3504:
3502:
3499:
3498:
3497:
3494:
3492:
3489:
3487:
3484:
3483:
3481:
3479:
3475:
3467:
3464:
3463:
3462:
3459:
3455:
3452:
3451:
3450:
3447:
3443:
3440:
3438:
3435:
3434:
3433:
3430:
3426:
3423:
3421:
3418:
3416:
3413:
3411:
3408:
3407:
3406:
3403:
3402:
3400:
3398:
3394:
3391:
3388:
3384:
3380:
3375:
3371:
3365:
3362:
3360:
3357:
3355:
3352:
3350:
3347:
3346:
3343:
3339:
3332:
3327:
3325:
3320:
3318:
3313:
3312:
3309:
3297:
3296:
3291:
3287:
3285:
3284:
3275:
3274:
3271:
3258:
3255:
3252:
3249:
3248:
3246:
3243:
3240:
3237:
3234:
3231:
3228:
3225:
3222:
3219:
3216:
3213:
3210:
3207:
3206:
3204:
3198:
3191:
3188:
3185:
3182:
3177:
3174:
3171:
3168:
3165:
3162:
3161:
3159:
3156:
3153:
3150:
3147:
3146:
3144:
3140:High and Late
3138:
3131:
3128:
3125:
3124:
3120:
3117:
3114:
3111:
3108:
3105:
3102:
3097:
3094:
3093:
3091:
3088:
3087:
3085:
3083:
3077:
3074:
3072:
3068:
3062:
3059:
3057:
3054:
3052:
3049:
3047:
3044:
3042:
3039:
3037:
3034:
3032:
3029:
3027:
3024:
3022:
3019:
3017:
3014:
3012:
3009:
3007:
3004:
3002:
2999:
2997:
2994:
2992:
2989:
2987:
2984:
2982:
2979:
2977:
2974:
2972:
2969:
2967:
2964:
2962:
2959:
2957:
2956:Benedict XIII
2954:
2952:
2951:Innocent XIII
2949:
2947:
2944:
2942:
2939:
2937:
2934:
2932:
2929:
2927:
2924:
2922:
2919:
2917:
2916:Alexander VII
2914:
2912:
2909:
2907:
2904:
2902:
2899:
2897:
2894:
2892:
2889:
2888:
2886:
2882:
2876:
2873:
2871:
2868:
2866:
2863:
2861:
2858:
2856:
2853:
2851:
2848:
2846:
2843:
2841:
2838:
2836:
2833:
2831:
2828:
2826:
2823:
2821:
2818:
2816:
2813:
2811:
2808:
2806:
2803:
2801:
2798:
2796:
2793:
2791:
2788:
2786:
2785:Innocent VIII
2783:
2781:
2778:
2776:
2773:
2771:
2768:
2766:
2765:Callixtus III
2763:
2761:
2758:
2756:
2753:
2751:
2748:
2746:
2743:
2741:
2738:
2736:
2733:
2731:
2728:
2726:
2723:
2721:
2718:
2716:
2713:
2711:
2708:
2706:
2703:
2701:
2698:
2696:
2693:
2691:
2688:
2686:
2685:Boniface VIII
2683:
2681:
2678:
2676:
2673:
2671:
2668:
2666:
2663:
2661:
2658:
2656:
2653:
2651:
2648:
2646:
2643:
2641:
2638:
2636:
2633:
2631:
2628:
2626:
2623:
2621:
2618:
2616:
2613:
2611:
2608:
2606:
2603:
2602:
2600:
2596:
2590:
2587:
2585:
2584:Celestine III
2582:
2580:
2577:
2575:
2572:
2570:
2567:
2565:
2562:
2560:
2559:Alexander III
2557:
2555:
2552:
2550:
2549:Anastasius IV
2547:
2545:
2542:
2540:
2537:
2535:
2532:
2530:
2527:
2525:
2522:
2520:
2517:
2515:
2512:
2510:
2507:
2505:
2502:
2500:
2497:
2495:
2492:
2490:
2487:
2485:
2482:
2480:
2477:
2475:
2472:
2470:
2467:
2465:
2462:
2460:
2457:
2455:
2452:
2450:
2449:Sylvester III
2447:
2445:
2442:
2440:
2437:
2435:
2434:Benedict VIII
2432:
2430:
2427:
2425:
2422:
2420:
2417:
2415:
2412:
2410:
2407:
2405:
2402:
2400:
2397:
2395:
2392:
2390:
2387:
2385:
2382:
2380:
2377:
2375:
2372:
2370:
2367:
2365:
2362:
2360:
2357:
2355:
2352:
2350:
2347:
2345:
2342:
2340:
2337:
2335:
2332:
2330:
2327:
2325:
2322:
2320:
2317:
2315:
2312:
2310:
2307:
2305:
2302:
2300:
2297:
2295:
2292:
2290:
2287:
2285:
2282:
2280:
2277:
2275:
2272:
2270:
2267:
2265:
2262:
2260:
2257:
2255:
2252:
2250:
2247:
2245:
2242:
2240:
2237:
2235:
2232:
2230:
2227:
2225:
2222:
2220:
2217:
2215:
2212:
2210:
2207:
2205:
2202:
2201:
2199:
2195:
2189:
2186:
2184:
2181:
2179:
2176:
2174:
2171:
2169:
2166:
2164:
2161:
2159:
2156:
2154:
2151:
2149:
2146:
2144:
2141:
2139:
2136:
2134:
2131:
2129:
2126:
2124:
2121:
2119:
2116:
2114:
2111:
2109:
2106:
2104:
2101:
2099:
2096:
2094:
2091:
2089:
2086:
2084:
2081:
2079:
2076:
2074:
2071:
2069:
2066:
2064:
2061:
2059:
2056:
2054:
2051:
2049:
2046:
2044:
2041:
2039:
2036:
2034:
2031:
2029:
2026:
2024:
2021:
2019:
2016:
2014:
2011:
2009:
2006:
2004:
2001:
1999:
1996:
1994:
1991:
1989:
1986:
1984:
1981:
1979:
1976:
1974:
1971:
1969:
1966:
1964:
1961:
1959:
1958:Anastasius II
1956:
1954:
1951:
1949:
1946:
1944:
1941:
1939:
1936:
1934:
1931:
1929:
1926:
1924:
1921:
1919:
1916:
1914:
1911:
1909:
1906:
1905:
1903:
1899:
1893:
1890:
1888:
1885:
1883:
1880:
1878:
1875:
1873:
1870:
1868:
1865:
1863:
1860:
1858:
1855:
1853:
1850:
1848:
1845:
1843:
1840:
1838:
1835:
1833:
1830:
1828:
1825:
1823:
1820:
1818:
1815:
1813:
1810:
1808:
1805:
1803:
1800:
1798:
1795:
1793:
1790:
1788:
1785:
1783:
1780:
1778:
1775:
1773:
1770:
1768:
1765:
1763:
1760:
1758:
1755:
1753:
1750:
1748:
1745:
1743:
1740:
1738:
1735:
1733:
1730:
1728:
1725:
1723:
1720:
1718:
1715:
1713:
1710:
1708:
1705:
1703:
1700:
1699:
1697:
1693:
1687:
1684:
1680:
1677:
1676:
1675:
1674:Pope emeritus
1672:
1670:
1667:
1663:
1660:
1658:
1655:
1654:
1652:
1650:
1647:
1643:
1640:
1638:
1635:
1634:
1633:
1632:List of popes
1630:
1629:
1626:
1622:
1618:
1611:
1606:
1604:
1599:
1597:
1592:
1591:
1588:
1579:
1570:
1569:
1562:
1556:
1552:
1543:
1542:
1535:
1534:Sylvester III
1529:
1525:
1524:Sylvester III
1516:
1515:
1508:
1502:
1499:
1495:
1487:
1484:
1483:
1473:
1468:
1467:
1454:
1450:
1446:
1445:
1440:
1433:
1425:
1419:
1416:. Routledge.
1415:
1411:
1404:
1396:
1390:
1386:
1385:
1377:
1362:
1358:
1357:
1352:
1345:
1338:
1333:
1327:, p. 20.
1326:
1321:
1314:
1302:
1298:
1297:
1292:
1286:
1278:
1276:9781108015035
1272:
1268:
1264:
1263:
1255:
1247:
1243:
1239:
1238:
1233:
1232:"Benedict IX"
1226:
1224:
1222:
1220:
1211:
1207:
1203:
1202:
1197:
1190:
1188:
1179:
1175:
1171:
1170:
1165:
1158:
1156:
1147:
1143:
1139:
1138:
1133:
1126:
1124:
1122:
1120:
1111:
1107:
1103:
1096:
1090:, p. 56.
1089:
1084:
1076:
1070:
1066:
1065:Citadel Press
1062:
1061:
1053:
1049:
1035:
1031:
1028:
1024:
1020:
1015:
1011:
1001:
1000:
999:The Bad Popes
996:
994:
991:
989:
988:
984:
983:
977:
975:
971:
967:
963:
959:
954:
952:
948:
944:
940:
931:
927:
925:
920:
916:
906:
896:
893:
885:
875:
871:
867:
861:
860:
856:
851:This section
849:
845:
840:
839:
831:
829:
825:
821:
817:
812:
801:
799:
798:Sylvester III
795:
794:
789:
785:
780:
778:
774:
771:According to
769:
767:
763:
759:
746:
741:
734:
726:
723:
715:
713:
712:
705:
701:
699:
695:
693:
686:
684:
679:
678:
677:Pope John XIX
670:
661:
660:
655:
652:
644:
642:
634:
632:
631:
624:
616:
614:
606:
604:
601:
599:
594:
593:
585:
576:
575:
574:Pope John XII
570:
567:
559:
557:
556:
539:
535:
533:
529:
527:
524:
521:
519:
518:
513:
512:
497:
488:
485:
477:
475:
474:
457:
453:
451:
447:
445:
432:
427:
425:
419:
417:
416:
411:
410:
398:
389:
382:
381:Hugh of Italy
378:
376:
348:
345:
343:
342:
339:
332:
314:
306:
304:
299:
298:the Romans.
297:
293:
289:
285:
281:
277:
276:Benedict VIII
273:
263:
261:
257:
253:
249:
245:
240:
238:
234:
230:
229:Sylvester III
226:
221:
218:
214:
210:
206:
191:
190:Benedictus IX
187:
183:
176:
172:
167:
159:
155:
151:
150:Grottaferrata
140:
136:
131:
116:
112:
107:
100:
97:
94:
91:
88:
87:
85:
81:
74:
71:
68:
67:Sylvester III
65:
62:
59:
58:
56:
52:
49:
46:
42:
39:
35:
27:
22:
16:
6694:1050s deaths
6689:1010s births
6608:
6604:Pope Francis
6530:21st century
6479:Pope Paul VI
6456:
6444:
6397:20th century
6384:
6335:Pope Pius IX
6323:19th century
6299:Pope Pius VI
6166:
6038:Latin Empire
6008:Universities
5960:Pope Leo III
5827:Christianity
5812:state church
5804:Great Church
5605:Resurrection
5568:(30–325/476)
5565:Early Church
5550:Latin Church
5545:Papal States
5540:Vatican City
5348:Universities
5180:Third orders
5143:Associations
5133:Visitandines
5128:Trinitarians
5078:Mercedarians
5063:Hieronymites
5008:Camaldoleses
4993:Benedictines
4983:Augustinians
4943:
4936:
4929:
4910:Vatican News
4864:Distinctions
4670:Syro-Malabar
4555:Latin Church
4477:Grand master
4375:Metropolitan
4272:Vatican City
4167:Organisation
4046:Philosophers
3911:Confirmation
3888:In canon law
3882:Subsistit in
3880:
3876:Three states
3863:
3824:
3817:Ecclesiology
3799:Nova Vulgata
3797:
3755:Original sin
3750:Nicene Creed
3740:Divine grace
3699:
3581:Universities
3551:Papal States
3478:Great Church
3420:Resurrection
3397:Early Church
3293:
3281:
3251:World War II
3245:Vatican City
3121:
3092:(until 493)
3056:Benedict XVI
3051:John Paul II
2971:Clement XIII
2966:Benedict XIV
2941:Innocent XII
2875:Clement VIII
2850:Gregory XIII
2830:Marcellus II
2790:Alexander VI
2740:Innocent VII
2705:Benedict XII
2660:Nicholas III
2625:Alexander IV
2615:Celestine IV
2605:Honorius III
2589:Innocent III
2574:Gregory VIII
2534:Celestine II
2519:Callixtus II
2489:Alexander II
2443:
2414:Sylvester II
2394:Benedict VII
2354:Stephen VIII
2239:Benedict III
2093:Adeodatus II
2038:Boniface III
1892:Anastasius I
1566:
1539:
1512:
1471:
1451:– via
1448:
1442:
1432:
1413:
1410:"Gregory VI"
1403:
1383:
1376:
1365:, retrieved
1361:the original
1355:
1344:
1332:
1320:
1312:
1305:, retrieved
1301:the original
1295:
1285:
1261:
1254:
1241:
1235:
1208:– via
1205:
1199:
1178:Google Books
1173:
1167:
1144:– via
1141:
1135:
1110:the original
1105:
1095:
1083:
1059:
1052:
1023:Emperor Otto
1021:was deposed
1014:
997:
985:
955:
936:
911:
888:
879:
864:Please help
852:
807:
791:
788:Peter Damian
781:
770:
765:
755:
739:
681:r. 1024–1032
675:
663:r. 1012–1024
657:
590:
572:
511:Pope John XI
509:
407:
303:made pontiff
300:
288:Benedict VII
269:
252:Brenner Pass
241:
222:
217:Papal States
204:
181:
180:
15:
6610:Laudato si'
6405:Pope Pius X
6234:Philip Neri
6209:Pope Pius V
6184:Thomas More
6053:Inquisition
5955:Charlemagne
5915:Monasticism
5725:Persecution
5617:Holy Spirit
5600:Crucifixion
5479:First seven
5338:Health care
5324:Pax Christi
5276:Schoenstatt
5241:Sant'Egidio
5073:Legionaries
5053:Franciscans
5028:Cistercians
5023:Carthusians
4978:Annonciades
4837:Altarpieces
4730:West Syriac
4725:East Syriac
4705:Alexandrian
4329:Holy orders
4310:Swiss Guard
4250:Dicasteries
4245:Roman Curia
4143:Evangelists
4101:Holy Family
4036:Personalism
4026:Natural law
4004:Josephology
3938:Holy orders
3576:Inquisition
3533:Middle Ages
3523:Monasticism
3491:Constantine
3415:Crucifixion
3259:(1945–1991)
3253:(1939–1945)
3241:(1870–1929)
3235:(1775–1848)
3223:(1585–1689)
3217:(1534–1585)
3211:(1417–1534)
3192:(1378–1417)
3186:(1309–1378)
3178:, 1228–1304
3172:, 1262–1297
3166:, 1257–1281
3157:(1048–1257)
3142:Middle Ages
3082:Middle Ages
3046:John Paul I
3021:Benedict XV
3001:Gregory XVI
2976:Clement XIV
2961:Clement XII
2931:Innocent XI
2870:Innocent IX
2865:Gregory XIV
2815:Clement VII
2745:Gregory XII
2735:Boniface IX
2715:Innocent VI
2690:Benedict XI
2680:Celestine V
2675:Nicholas IV
2670:Honorius IV
2620:Innocent IV
2579:Clement III
2529:Innocent II
2524:Honorius II
2514:Gelasius II
2494:Gregory VII
2484:Nicholas II
2444:Benedict IX
2389:Benedict VI
2364:Agapetus II
2339:Stephen VII
2314:Sergius III
2304:Benedict IV
2294:Theodore II
2279:Boniface VI
2178:Stephen III
2158:Gregory III
2148:Constantine
2113:Benedict II
2048:Adeodatus I
2043:Boniface IV
2023:Pelagius II
1983:Boniface II
1923:Celestine I
1862:Sylvester I
1847:Marcellus I
1842:Marcellinus
1777:Callixtus I
1762:Eleutherius
1737:Telesphorus
1727:Alexander I
1649:Papal names
309:Family tree
292:Sergius III
201: 1056
197: 1012
125: 1012
54:Predecessor
31:Benedict IX
6668:Categories
6483:coronation
6189:Pope Leo X
5774:Tertullian
5704:Revelation
5679:Background
5093:Oratorians
5048:Dominicans
5018:Carmelites
5013:Camillians
4961:institutes
4774:Tridentine
4710:Antiochian
4630:Macedonian
4575:Belarusian
4465:Provincial
4380:Archbishop
4300:Roman Rota
4262:Properties
4187:By country
4183:Precedence
4148:Confessors
4128:Archangels
4118:Patriarchs
4018:Philosophy
3996:Veneration
3961:Assumption
3931:Last rites
3898:Sacraments
3842:Four marks
3653:Vatican II
3601:Modern era
3437:Succession
3202:Modern Era
3132:(974–1012)
3036:John XXIII
2946:Clement XI
2921:Clement IX
2911:Innocent X
2906:Urban VIII
2901:Gregory XV
2825:Julius III
2760:Nicholas V
2725:Gregory XI
2710:Clement VI
2645:Innocent V
2635:Clement IV
2610:Gregory IX
2564:Lucius III
2544:Eugene III
2509:Paschal II
2499:Victor III
2479:Stephen IX
2464:Damasus II
2459:Clement II
2454:Gregory VI
2429:Sergius IV
2424:John XVIII
2374:Benedict V
2359:Marinus II
2284:Stephen VI
2264:Adrian III
2244:Nicholas I
2229:Sergius II
2224:Gregory IV
2204:Stephen IV
2168:Stephen II
2153:Gregory II
2073:Theodore I
2058:Honorius I
2053:Boniface V
2018:Benedict I
2008:Pelagius I
1993:Agapetus I
1953:Gelasius I
1943:Simplicius
1928:Sixtus III
1918:Boniface I
1908:Innocent I
1772:Zephyrinus
1686:Pope-elect
1662:non-extant
1578:Damasus II
1572:1047–1048
1561:Clement II
1551:Gregory VI
1518:1032–1044
1489:(in Latin)
1453:New Advent
1337:Poole 1917
1325:Poole 1917
1146:New Advent
1044:References
1034:Benedict V
943:Damasus II
924:Clement II
882:March 2021
816:Gregory VI
596:r. 974–983
578:r. 955–964
515:r. 931–935
413:r. 904–911
266:Early life
260:Clement II
237:Gregory VI
211:, was the
199: – c.
99:Damasus II
93:Gregory VI
73:Clement II
6499:Communism
6469:Ecumenism
5815:(380–451)
5807:(180–451)
5796:(313–476)
5718:(100–325)
5334:See also:
5286:Charities
5195:Discalced
5123:Trappists
5118:Theatines
5088:Olivetans
5033:Clarisses
5003:Blue nuns
4988:Basilians
4965:societies
4873:See also:
4759:Mozarabic
4749:Ambrosian
4735:Malankara
4720:Byzantine
4680:Ukrainian
4655:Ruthenian
4620:Hungarian
4605:Ethiopian
4580:Bulgarian
4547:sui iuris
4531:Postulant
4440:Religious
4395:Auxiliary
4390:Coadjutor
4360:Patriarch
4228:Cardinals
4175:Canon law
4171:Hierarchy
4153:Disciples
4076:Relations
4064:Evolution
4055:See also:
4000:See also:
3953:Mariology
3943:Matrimony
3916:Eucharist
3837:Ecumenism
3765:Salvation
3701:Catechism
3696:Tradition
3658:Communism
3506:Chalcedon
3126:(904–964)
3118:(756–857)
3112:(537–752)
3106:(493–537)
3098:(312–337)
2996:Pius VIII
2926:Clement X
2860:Urban VII
2810:Adrian VI
2800:Julius II
2780:Sixtus IV
2755:Eugene IV
2700:John XXII
2695:Clement V
2665:Martin IV
2640:Gregory X
2569:Urban III
2554:Adrian IV
2539:Lucius II
2474:Victor II
2419:John XVII
2409:Gregory V
2384:John XIII
2269:Stephen V
2259:Marinus I
2254:John VIII
2249:Adrian II
2219:Valentine
2214:Eugene II
2209:Paschal I
2143:Sisinnius
2128:Sergius I
2063:Severinus
2028:Gregory I
1998:Silverius
1968:Hormisdas
1963:Symmachus
1948:Felix III
1882:Damasus I
1857:Miltiades
1832:Eutychian
1822:Dionysius
1817:Sixtus II
1812:Stephen I
1802:Cornelius
1722:Evaristus
1717:Clement I
1712:Anacletus
1642:canonised
1637:graphical
1367:3 January
1307:3 January
1088:Pham 2004
853:does not
766:Dialogues
244:Henry III
233:godfather
169:Grant of
147:(aged 43)
83:Successor
6509:HIV/AIDS
6003:Crusades
5757:Irenaeus
5750:Ignatius
5745:Polycarp
5595:Ministry
5583:(30–100)
5457:Timeline
5378:Category
5271:Opus Dei
5256:Scouting
5246:Focolare
5113:Servites
5098:Piarists
5043:Crosiers
4779:Anglican
4715:Armenian
4645:Romanian
4635:Maronite
4610:Georgian
4600:Eritrean
4585:Chaldean
4570:Armenian
4565:Albanian
4446:Superior
4405:Emeritus
4385:Diocesan
4238:Advisers
4197:Holy See
4123:Prophets
4081:Politics
3852:Catholic
3832:Councils
3687:Theology
3566:Crusades
3501:Nicaea I
3432:Apostles
3410:Ministry
3379:Timeline
3359:Glossary
3283:Category
3257:Cold War
3031:Pius XII
3011:Leo XIII
2986:Pius VII
2855:Sixtus V
2820:Paul III
2795:Pius III
2750:Martin V
2730:Urban VI
2655:John XXI
2650:Adrian V
2630:Urban IV
2504:Urban II
2439:John XIX
2399:John XIV
2379:Leo VIII
2369:John XII
2274:Formosus
2183:Adrian I
2138:John VII
2088:Vitalian
2083:Eugene I
2078:Martin I
2033:Sabinian
2013:John III
2003:Vigilius
1978:Felix IV
1938:Hilarius
1887:Siricius
1877:Liberius
1872:Julius I
1852:Eusebius
1807:Lucius I
1767:Victor I
1752:Anicetus
1732:Sixtus I
1669:Antipope
1507:John XIX
1353:(1891),
1293:(1934),
1027:antipope
1019:John XII
980:See also
968:, Saint
338:Theodora
280:John XII
225:John XIX
203:), born
61:John XIX
6474:Judaism
5874:Vulgate
5684:Gospels
5659:Stephen
5576:Origins
5496:Vulgate
5432:General
5422:of the
5420:History
5343:Schools
5299:Caritas
5207:Secular
5173:Workers
5068:Jesuits
4854:Museums
4849:Library
4827:Writers
4822:Artists
4802:Culture
4769:Paul VI
4650:Russian
4640:Melkite
4482:Brother
4460:General
4400:Titular
4370:Primate
4348:Eparchy
4338:Diocese
4285:Outline
4224:College
4214:Francis
4158:Virgins
4133:Martyrs
4059:Science
3966:History
3921:Penance
3906:Baptism
3807:Worship
3780:Vulgate
3728:Kingdom
3723:Trinity
3711:General
3466:Primacy
3374:History
3354:Outline
3176:Perugia
3170:Orvieto
3164:Viterbo
3061:Francis
3041:Paul VI
3026:Pius XI
3006:Pius IX
2991:Leo XII
2981:Pius VI
2840:Pius IV
2835:Paul IV
2775:Paul II
2770:Pius II
2720:Urban V
2404:John XV
2349:Leo VII
2344:John XI
2299:John IX
2289:Romanus
2188:Leo III
2163:Zachary
2133:John VI
2068:John IV
1988:John II
1913:Zosimus
1827:Felix I
1792:Anterus
1787:Pontian
1782:Urban I
1742:Hyginus
1619:of the
1464:Sources
1030:Leo VII
974:pontiff
874:removed
859:sources
826:and of
790:in his
499:905–954
397:Marozia
296:bribing
284:John XI
6714:Simony
6440:Nazism
6262:to the
5869:Jerome
5779:Origen
5462:Papacy
5221:Fimcap
5163:Marian
5083:Minims
4815:Marian
4665:Syriac
4660:Slovak
4590:Coptic
4526:Oblate
4521:Master
4516:Novice
4511:Hermit
4499:Sister
4455:Abbess
4422:Deacon
4417:Priest
4412:Parish
4355:Bishop
4325:Polity
4111:Joseph
4093:Saints
3760:Saints
3648:Nazism
3016:Pius X
2896:Paul V
2891:Leo XI
2845:Pius V
2469:Leo IX
2334:Leo VI
2329:John X
2234:Leo IV
2173:Paul I
2118:John V
2108:Leo II
2103:Agatho
1973:John I
1797:Fabian
1747:Pius I
1657:extant
1653:Tombs
1420:
1391:
1273:
1071:
958:Leo IX
947:simony
820:Pesaro
811:resign
101:(1048)
95:(1045)
75:(1047)
69:(1045)
63:(1032)
44:Church
6674:Popes
6542:Islam
5810:Roman
5769:Canon
5642:Peter
5590:Jesus
5319:CIDSE
5168:Youth
4892:Media
4859:Music
4784:Zaire
4764:Roman
4754:Braga
4744:Latin
4615:Greek
4487:Friar
4451:Abbot
4365:Major
4280:Index
4179:Laity
3745:Dogma
3692:Bible
3668:Islam
3624:Trent
3405:Jesus
3387:Legal
3349:Index
2805:Leo X
2324:Lando
2309:Leo V
2123:Conon
2098:Donus
1933:Leo I
1837:Caius
1757:Soter
1707:Linus
1702:Peter
1617:Popes
1545:1045
1006:Notes
966:abbot
822:, of
733:Peter
186:Latin
6592:2023
6587:2019
6582:2016
6577:2013
6572:2011
6567:2008
6562:2005
6557:2002
6552:2000
6519:1995
5689:Acts
5652:Paul
5647:John
5622:Mary
4844:Folk
4492:Monk
4233:List
4211:Pope
4106:Mary
1867:Mark
1568:Pope
1541:Pope
1514:Pope
1418:ISBN
1389:ISBN
1369:2008
1309:2008
1271:ISBN
1069:ISBN
857:any
855:cite
828:Fano
209:Rome
138:Died
130:Rome
114:Born
26:Pope
5578:and
5528:Art
5158:Lay
4810:Art
4504:Nun
4226:of
3718:God
868:by
207:in
6670::
4963:,
4453:,
1449:11
1447:.
1441:.
1412:.
1311:,
1269:.
1265:.
1240:.
1234:.
1218:^
1204:.
1198:.
1186:^
1174:66
1172:.
1166:.
1154:^
1140:.
1134:.
1118:^
1104:.
1063:.
976:.
953:.
830:.
246:,
235:,
194:c.
192:;
188::
142:c.
122:c.
6485:)
6481:(
5412:e
5405:t
5398:v
4958:,
4442::
4331:)
4327:(
4204:)
4200:(
3330:e
3323:t
3316:v
1609:e
1602:t
1595:v
1455:.
1426:.
1397:.
1279:.
1248:.
1242:2
1212:.
1206:8
1180:.
1148:.
1142:6
1077:.
895:)
889:(
884:)
880:(
876:.
862:.
184:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
