378:
945:
1005:'square sky ji'), which had a spear tip with crescent blades on both sides. They had multiple means of attack: the side blade or blades, the spear tip, plus often a rear counterweight that could be used to strike the opponent. The way the side blades were fixed to the shaft differs, but usually there were empty spaces between the pole and the side blade. The wielder could strike with the shaft, with the option of then pulling the weapon back to hook with a side blade; or, he could slap his opponent with the flat side of the blade to knock him off his horse.
216:
893:, but archaeological findings have shown that Han dynasty armies generally used straight, single-edged blades, and curved blades came several centuries later. There is no reason to believe their polearms had curved blades on them. Besides, historical accounts of the Three Kingdoms era describe Guan Yu thrusting his opponents down (probably with a spear-like polearm) in battle, not cutting them down with a curved blade. The guandao is also known as the
31:
63:
271:
use than there were names to call them by; and contemporary writers up to the seventeenth century use these names with abandon, calling different weapons by the same name and similar weapons by different names. To add to this, we have various nineteenth century terminologies used by scholars. We must remember too that any particular weapon ... had everywhere a different name.
807:(やり or 槍) is a Japanese polearm that was traditionally used by members of the samurai class. There are various types of yari, which have different names depending on the shape of the blade attached to the end of the wooden shaft. For example, 'Jumonji yari' refers to a yari with a cross-shaped blade, and 'Sasaho yari' refers to a yari with a blade shaped like a
550:. Although sometimes said to derive from the Irish for a joist or beam, a more likely definition is as a variant of sparth. Although attempts have been made to suggest that the sparr had a distinctive shaped head, illustrations and surviving weapons show there was considerable variation and the distinctive feature of the weapon was its long haft.
1206:. Another possible association is with the "three-grayned staff" listed as being in the armoury of Henry VIII in 1547 (though the same list also features 84 rawcons, suggesting the weapons were not identical in 16th century English eyes). Another modern term used for particularly ornate-bladed corseques is the
611:
of a spear especially when dealing with static opponents. While early designs were simply a hook on the end of a long pole, later designs implemented a small reverse spike on the back of the blade. Eventually weapon makers incorporated the usefulness of the hook in a variety of different polearms and
858:
government implemented rigorous training regimens requiring soldiers to be proficient with swordsmanship, and the use of the woldo. Though it was never widely used as a standard weapon, the woldo saw action on many fronts and was considered by many Korean troops to be a versatile weapon. Recently, a
646:
like a sword or naginata, the blade is affixed in a socket-shaft configuration similar to an axe head, both the blade and shaft varying in length. Illustrations in the 13th century
Maciejowski Bible show a short staffed weapon with a long blade used by both infantry and cavalry. Occasionally glaive
270:
Staff-weapons in
Medieval or Renaissance England were lumped together under the generic term "staves" but when dealing with them in detail we are faced with terminological difficulty. There never seems to have been a clear definition of what was what; there were apparently far fewer staff-weapons in
226:
The classification of polearms can be difficult, and
European weapon classifications in particular can be confusing. This can be due to a number of factors, including uncertainty in original descriptions, changes in weapons or nomenclature through time, mistranslation of terms, and the well-meaning
190:
battlefields of Asia and Europe. Their range and impact force made them effective weapons against armoured warriors on horseback, unhorsing the opponent and to some extent effective to penetrate armour. The
Renaissance saw a plethora of varieties. Polearms in modern times are largely constrained to
1193:
in the later Middle Ages. It was popular in Europe in the 16th and 17th centuries. Surviving examples have a variety of head forms but there are two main variants, one with the side blades (known as flukes or wings) branching from the neck of the central blade at 45 degrees, the other with hooked
853:
warriors. Wielding the woldo took time due to its weight, but in the hands of a trained soldier, the woldo was a fearsome, agile weapon famous for enabling a single soldier to cut down ranks of infantrymen. The woldo was continually in use for the military in Korea with various modifications made
414:
to a perpendicular wooden shaft: a common Bronze Age infantry weapon, also used by charioteers. Some dagger axes include a spear-point. There is a (rare) variant type with a divided two-part head, consisting of the usual straight blade and a scythe-like blade. Other rarities include archaeology
279:
may have been armed with custom designed military weapons, militias were often armed with whatever was available. These may or may not have been mounted on poles and described by one of more names. The problems with precise definitions can be inferred by a contemporary description of
Royalist
90:
or other fairly abundant tools, and contained relatively little metal, they were cheap to make and readily available. When belligerents in warfare had a poorer class who could not pay for dedicated military weapons, they would often appropriate tools as cheap weapons. The cost of training was
1577:
564:
A fauchard is a type of polearm which was used in medieval Europe from the 11th through the 14th centuries. The design consists of a curved blade put atop a 6-to-7-foot-long (1.8 to 2.1 m) pole. The blade bears a moderate to strong curve along its length; however, unlike a bill or
415:
findings with two or sometimes three blades stacked in line on top of a pole, but were generally thought as ceremonial polearms. Though the weapon saw frequent use in ancient China, the use of the dagger-axe decreased dramatically after the Qin and Han dynasties. The
410:(Chinese: 戈; pinyin: gē; Wade–Giles: ko; sometimes confusingly translated "halberd") is a type of weapon that was in use from Shang dynasty until at least Han dynasty China. It consists of a dagger-shaped blade made of bronze (or later iron) mounted by the
706:. The illustrations sometimes show a socket mount and reinforcing langets being used, but sometimes they are missing; it is possible this weapon was sometimes manufactured by simply attaching an old sword blade onto a long pole on its tang, not unlike a
1248:(axe). The halberd consists of an axe blade topped with a spike mounted on a long shaft. It always has a hook or thorn on the back side of the axe blade for grappling mounted combatants. Early forms are very similar in many ways to certain forms of
1495:
114:
was used for pulling or grappling tactics, especially against horsemen. Because of their versatility, high effectiveness and low cost, there were many variants of polearm, which were much-used weapons on the battlefield.
91:
comparatively low, since these conscripted farmers had spent most of their lives using these "weapons" in the fields. This made polearms the favoured weapon of peasant levies and peasant rebellions the world over.
907:
author's invention. It consists of a heavy blade mounted atop a 5-to-6-foot-long (1.5 to 1.8 m) wooden or metal pole with a pointed metal counter weight used for striking and stabbing on the opposite end.
1232:) is a two-handed polearm that came to prominent use during the 14th and 15th centuries but has continued in use as a ceremonial weapon to the present day. First recorded as "hellembart" in 1279, the word
941:('horsecutter sabre'), which has a lighter blade and a ring at the end. A podao is an infantryman's weapon, mainly used for cutting the legs off oncoming charging horses to bring down the riders.
702:) is a Swedish medieval polearm that consists of a two-edged sword blade attached to a 2-metre (6 ft 7 in) staff. The illustrations often show the weapon being equipped with sword-like
525:
in the 11th century, spreading through Europe in the 12th and 13th centuries. Variants of this basic weapon continued in use in
Scotland and Ireland into the 16th century. A form of 'long axe'.
82:
weapon in which the main fighting part of the weapon is fitted to the end of a long shaft, typically of wood, extending the user's effective range and striking power. Polearms are predominantly
1499:
741:) between the blade and shaft. It was mounted with a tang and held in place with a pin or pins, rather than going over the shaft using a socket. The naginata was developed based on the
915:. Variant designs include rings along the length of the straight back edge, as found in the nine-ring guandao. The "elephant" guandao's tip curls into a rounded spiral, while the
854:
over the decades. Unlike the
Chinese with the guan dao, the Koreans found the woldo unwieldy on horseback, and thus, it was specifically tailored to the needs of infantrymen. The
616:
became a catch-all for any weapon that included a hook on the blade. Ewart
Oakeshott has proposed an alternative description of the weapon as a crescent shaped socketed axe.
1286:
and featured various combinations of an axe-blade, a back-spike and a hammer. It was the favoured weapon for men-at-arms fighting on foot into the sixteenth century.
642:
on the end of a pole. The blade was around 18 inches (46 cm) long, on the end of a pole 6 or 7 feet (180 or 210 centimetres) long. However, instead of having a
419:
combines the dagger axe with a spear. By the post-classical
Chinese dynasties, with the decline of chariot warfare, the use of the dagger-axe was almost nonexistent.
539:) or "pale-axe", the weapon featured a larger head with broader blade, the rearward part of the crescent sweeping up to contact (or even be attached to) the haft.
439:(Chinese: 戟) was created by combining the dagger-axe with a spear. It was used as a military weapon at least as early as the Shang dynasty until the end of the
599:) is a polearm used in Europe primarily between 1000 and 1400. It was used primarily to dismount knights and horsemen. Like most polearms it was developed by
1278:
In the 14th century, the basic long axe gained an armour-piercing spike on the back and another on the end of the haft for thrusting. This is similar to the
676:) is a curved blade attached to a pole by binding the lower two-thirds of the blade to the side of the pole, to form a sort of axe. Looks very similar to a
648:
753:(794ー1185). It was appreciated by samurai who fought on foot as a weapon to maintain optimal distance from the enemy in close combat, but after the
513:
The Dane axe is a weapon with a heavy crescent-shaped head mounted on a haft 4 to 6 ft (1.2 to 1.8 m) in length. Originally a
102:
combat; those designed to increase leverage (due to hands moving freely on a pole) to maximize angular force (swinging tactics) against
815:, a large group of ashigaru in a formation used yari as one of their main weapons and exerted tremendous power on the battlefield.
485:. Usually, it also had a hook (ขอ) between the blade and shaft used for commanding the elephant. The elephant warrior used the
1370:
Memoirs of Prince Rupert, and the cavaliers: Including their private correspondence, now first published from the original MSS
859:
contemporary revival in various martial arts in Korea has brought interest into the application of the woldo and its history.
467:(ง้าว,ของ้าว) is a Thai polearm that was traditionally used by elephant-riding infantry and is still used by practitioners of
1806:
1781:
1694:
1642:
1609:
1530:
1975:
1837:
1710:
1663:
1470:
1421:
1396:
1349:
94:
Polearms can be divided into three broad categories: those designed for extended reach and thrusting tactics used in
1257:
737:
class. A naginata consists of a wood shaft with a curved blade on the end. Usually it also had a sword-like guard (
481:, it consists of a wooden shaft with a curved blade fashioned onto the end, and is similar in design to the Korean
86:, with a subclass of spear-like designs fit for thrusting and/or throwing. Because many polearms were adapted from
533:
In the 13th century, variants on the Danish axe are seen. Described in
English as a "sparth" (from the Old Norse
440:
885:(偃月刀), 'reclining moon blade'. Some believed it comes from the late Han Era and was supposedly used by the late
377:
1578:
media:Peers and commoners fighting - The Holkham Bible Picture Book (c.1320-1330), f.40 - BL Add MS 47682.jpg
899:
1564:
897:('spring autumn great knife'), again probably related to the depiction of Guan Yu in the Ming dynasty novel
987:'cerulean dragon ji'), and had a spear tip with a crescent blade on one side. Another type was the
1412:
Caldwell, David (1981). "Some Notes on Scottish Axes and Long Shafted Weapons". In Caldwell, David (ed.).
1373:
824:
542:
In Ireland, this axe was known as a "sparr axe". Originating in either Western Scotland or Ireland, the
1588:
227:
inventiveness of later experts. For example, the word "halberd" is also used to translate the Chinese
1063:
17:
1634:
1627:
1256:. The Swiss were famous users of the halberd in the medieval and renaissance eras, with various
1968:
1829:
1823:
1282:
of 15th century. The poleaxe emerged in response to the need for a weapon that could penetrate
187:
1522:
1326:
389:
35:
1514:
2168:
647:
blades were created with a small hook or spike on the reverse side. Such glaives are named
281:
204:
944:
8:
1028:
912:
886:
789:, naginata has been recognized as a martial art practiced by women in the samurai class.
196:
2394:
603:
by combining hand tools with long poles, in this case by putting a pruning hook onto a
120:
849:
was a variation of the Chinese guan dao. It was originally used by the post-classical
2435:
2158:
2033:
1961:
1932:
1924:
1833:
1802:
1777:
1638:
1605:
1526:
1515:
1466:
1417:
1392:
1345:
1320:
1279:
1253:
1186:
1143:
1128:
1103:
770:
285:
215:
43:
2198:
992:
974:
1194:
blades curving back towards the haft. The corseque is usually associated with the
2153:
2118:
1365:
1059:
820:
816:
733:(なぎなた or 薙刀) is a Japanese polearm that was traditionally used by members of the
346:
263:
607:
shaft. While hooks are fine for dismounting horsemen from mounts, they lack the
2349:
2238:
2133:
1565:"The Morgan Library & Museum Online Exhibitions - The Morgan Picture Bible"
1300:
1273:
1185:
has a three-bladed head on a 6–8 ft (1.8–2.4 m) haft which, like the
1158:
1118:
916:
812:
608:
474:
454:
911:
The blade is very deep and curved on its face, resembling a Chinese saber, or
2429:
2359:
2279:
2163:
2148:
2113:
2103:
2018:
2013:
1269:
1133:
1123:
1098:
1093:
639:
469:
297:
289:
219:
144:
116:
2334:
2324:
2178:
2128:
2063:
2043:
1283:
1113:
1066:
1047:, a javelin effective at bringing down infantry and cavalry at a distance.
958:
904:
808:
750:
643:
518:
430:
411:
385:
336:
228:
200:
83:
79:
1716:
1669:
2389:
2304:
2138:
2038:
1715:(in Japanese). Nagoya Japanese Sword Museum, Touken World. Archived from
1668:(in Japanese). Nagoya Japanese Sword Museum, Touken World. Archived from
1108:
938:
547:
276:
232:
192:
95:
87:
2374:
2294:
2253:
2248:
2228:
2208:
2028:
2023:
1698:
1163:
1024:
786:
699:
689:
401:
382:
313:
207:
in particular have preserved a wide variety of weapons and techniques.
176:
107:
51:
2404:
66:
Evolution of various European polearms from the 13th to 18th centuries
30:
2329:
2319:
2188:
2143:
2098:
2083:
1998:
1894:
Douglas Miller : The Swiss at War 1300-1500, Osprey MAA 94, 1979
828:
742:
351:
301:
288:(in the early modern period). The infantry regiment that accompanied
2399:
2364:
2344:
2339:
2223:
2088:
2073:
2053:
2048:
2008:
1176:
1088:
778:
754:
724:
703:
578:
559:
508:
309:
172:
168:
124:
47:
881:
is a type of Chinese polearm. In Chinese, it is properly called a
2314:
2309:
2289:
2233:
2193:
2183:
2173:
2108:
2093:
2058:
1946:
1219:
1199:
1138:
1070:
890:
868:
777:(long sword) obsolete on the battlefield and often replaced with
758:
734:
672:
600:
522:
361:
356:
316:, clubs, pitchforks, with chopping-knives, and pieces of scythes.
305:
164:
156:
152:
148:
136:
111:
103:
99:
55:
39:
937:, 'long-handled sabre', is a Chinese polearm, also known as the
2384:
2379:
2299:
2284:
2258:
2243:
2218:
2203:
2078:
2003:
1249:
1190:
1153:
1148:
1055:
1014:
855:
782:
757:
in the 15th century, large groups of mobilized infantry called
677:
660:
625:
514:
366:
248:
240:
160:
132:
243:. As well, all polearms developed from three early tools (the
2409:
2369:
2354:
2274:
2213:
2123:
1295:
928:
850:
840:
774:
746:
738:
635:
604:
256:
252:
180:
140:
128:
1027:
in the 16th century and was popular weapon of choice in the
2414:
2068:
1953:
1052:
798:
766:
762:
489:
like a blade from atop an elephant or horse during battle.
341:
236:
62:
1825:
Treasures from the Tower of London : Arms and Armour
244:
1629:
Secrets of the Samurai: The Martial Arts of Feudal Japan
1252:, while 16th century and later forms are similar to the
1023:
is a type of lance with a wooden handle, once common in
965:, but they were developed from spears, not from ancient
1377:
citing "Special Passages," No. xliii. (King's Collect.)
1386:
1665:薙刀・長巻の基礎知識 (Basic knowledge of naginata and nagamaki)
1624:
823:, had gained a reputation as a master of one of the
1821:
634:is a polearm consisting of a single-edged tapering
1626:
106:; and those designed for throwing tactics used in
2427:
1260:evolving regional variations of the basic form.
1450:. London: Arms & Armour Press. p. 307.
534:
1799:Battle Tactics And War Manoeuvres of the Sikhs
210:
1969:
1684:
1658:
1656:
1654:
1414:Scottish Weapons and Fortifications 1100-1800
1416:. Edinburgh: John Donald. pp. 262–276.
919:head guandao features a more ornate design.
191:ceremonial military units such as the Papal
1465:. East Linton: Tuckwell Press. p. 79.
1372:, vol. 2, London: R. Bentley, p.
1000:
982:
948:Two ge, two ancient ji, two Song dynasty ji
1976:
1962:
1651:
569:, the cutting edge is on the convex side.
492:
1339:
110:combat. The hook on weapons such as the
1822:Norman, A. V. B.; Wilson, G. M. (1982).
1411:
1387:Edge, David; John Miles Paddock (1988).
1051:is identified as the weapon used by the
943:
376:
214:
61:
29:
1604:. Kodansha International. p. 208.
1599:
1593:
1460:
1445:
14:
2428:
1625:Ratti, Oscar; Adele Westbrook (1999).
1512:
1389:Arms and Armour of the Medieval Knight
1325:. Metropolitan Museum of Art. p.
961:, several weapons were referred to as
1957:
1771:
1364:
1236:possibly comes from the German words
1930:
1318:
1189:, is similar to the winged spear or
1008:
34:A variety of polearms consisting of
1796:
1712:天下三名槍 (Three Great Spears of Japan)
1448:Medieval Warfare Source Book Vol. 1
325:
320:
280:infantry which were engaged in the
24:
1828:. London: Lund Humphries. p.
1774:Guru Nanak: The Enlightened Master
745:from the 1st millennium AD or the
25:
2447:
1918:
1602:Comprehensive Asian Fighting Arts
1344:. Lutterworth Press. p. 52.
1076:
1912:Miles & Paddock, pp. 127–128
1867:Norman & Wilson (1982), p.67
284:(1643) during the first year of
262:In the words of the arms expert
186:Polearms were common weapons on
27:Pole-mounted close combat weapon
1925:Spotlight: The Medieval Poleaxe
1906:
1897:
1888:
1879:
1870:
1861:
1846:
1815:
1790:
1765:
1748:
1731:
1703:
1618:
1582:
1571:
1557:
1548:
1539:
1506:
1488:
1043:. Another variant included the
761:began to equip themselves with
441:Northern and Southern dynasties
183:are all varieties of polearms.
1479:
1454:
1439:
1430:
1405:
1380:
1358:
1333:
1312:
969:. One variety was called the
952:
517:weapon, it was adopted by the
13:
1:
1903:Oakeshott (1980), p.47, fig 6
1391:. London: Defoe. p. 32.
1306:
1081:
900:Romance of the Three Kingdoms
638:similar in shape to a modern
528:
497:
395:
231:and also a range of medieval
1983:
1545:Ewart Oakeshott (1980), p.53
683:
7:
1342:European Weapons and Armour
1289:
1170:
825:Three Great Spears of Japan
773:(gun), making naginata and
718:
572:
553:
502:
330:
211:Classification difficulties
10:
2452:
1885:Oakeshott (1980), pp.47-48
1754:Sadaharu Ichikawa (市川定春),
1739:Chinese weapons dictionary
1693:September 2020. pp.40-41.
1600:Draeger, David E. (1981).
1521:. Oxford: Osprey. p.
1267:
1263:
1217:
1213:
1174:
1012:
926:
866:
862:
838:
796:
722:
713:
687:
658:
623:
576:
557:
506:
452:
428:
399:
2267:
1991:
1801:. Chennai: Notion Press.
1797:VSM, D. S. Saggu (2018).
1340:Oakeshott, Ewart (1980).
996:
978:
654:
619:
1772:Menon, Sreelata (2011).
1756:Dictionary of the Weapon
1711:
1664:
1633:. Castle Books. p.
922:
834:
372:
235:weapons as described in
1933:"A Summary of Polearms"
1876:Oakeshott (1980), p.51.
1513:Cannan, Fergus (2010).
1446:Nicolle, David (1996).
1322:Notes on Arms and Armor
1319:Dean, Bashford (1916).
792:
669:(occasionally called a
546:was widely used by the
535:
493:Post-classical polearms
446:
88:agricultural implements
1737:Jiang Feng-wei (蔣豐維),
1554:Oakeshott (1980), p.53
1461:Marsden, John (2003).
1436:Oakeshott (1980), p.47
949:
392:
318:
273:
255:) and one weapon, the
223:
67:
59:
1039:and the serpent-like
947:
422:
390:Warring States period
380:
294:
268:
218:
65:
33:
1589:media:Dolstein 1.gif
1517:Galloglass 1250-1600
1485:Marsden (2003), p.82
1031:. Variations of the
282:Battle of Birmingham
205:Chinese martial arts
1672:on 24 November 2020
887:Eastern Han dynasty
292:cavalry were armed:
197:Yeomen of the Guard
1931:Fine, Tom (2001).
1062:to kill a drunken
950:
393:
224:
68:
60:
2423:
2422:
2034:Bohemian earspoon
1808:978-1-64249-006-0
1783:978-81-8475-562-6
1644:978-0-7858-1073-5
1611:978-0-87011-436-6
1532:978-1-84603-577-7
1502:on 27 April 2012.
1144:Scottish polearms
1104:Bohemian earspoon
1035:is the hand-like
1009:Barcha and Ballam
1003:
985:
903:, but possibly a
811:leaf. During the
286:English Civil War
199:, or traditional
16:(Redirected from
2443:
2395:Torimono sandōgu
2199:Scottish halberd
1978:
1971:
1964:
1955:
1954:
1943:
1941:
1939:
1927:by Alexi Goranov
1913:
1910:
1904:
1901:
1895:
1892:
1886:
1883:
1877:
1874:
1868:
1865:
1859:
1850:
1844:
1843:
1819:
1813:
1812:
1794:
1788:
1787:
1769:
1763:
1752:
1746:
1735:
1729:
1728:
1726:
1724:
1707:
1701:
1688:
1682:
1681:
1679:
1677:
1660:
1649:
1648:
1632:
1622:
1616:
1615:
1597:
1591:
1586:
1580:
1575:
1569:
1568:
1567:. 16 March 2016.
1561:
1555:
1552:
1546:
1543:
1537:
1536:
1520:
1510:
1504:
1503:
1498:. Archived from
1492:
1486:
1483:
1477:
1476:
1458:
1452:
1451:
1443:
1437:
1434:
1428:
1427:
1409:
1403:
1402:
1384:
1378:
1376:
1366:Warburton, Eliot
1362:
1356:
1355:
1337:
1331:
1330:
1316:
1069:at the Siege of
1004:
1001:
998:
986:
983:
980:
538:
326:Ancient polearms
321:List of polearms
21:
2451:
2450:
2446:
2445:
2444:
2442:
2441:
2440:
2426:
2425:
2424:
2419:
2263:
2169:Plançon à picot
2154:Ox tongue spear
1987:
1982:
1937:
1935:
1921:
1916:
1911:
1907:
1902:
1898:
1893:
1889:
1884:
1880:
1875:
1871:
1866:
1862:
1851:
1847:
1840:
1820:
1816:
1809:
1795:
1791:
1784:
1770:
1766:
1753:
1749:
1736:
1732:
1722:
1720:
1713:
1709:
1708:
1704:
1689:
1685:
1675:
1673:
1666:
1662:
1661:
1652:
1645:
1623:
1619:
1612:
1598:
1594:
1587:
1583:
1576:
1572:
1563:
1562:
1558:
1553:
1549:
1544:
1540:
1533:
1511:
1507:
1494:
1493:
1489:
1484:
1480:
1473:
1459:
1455:
1444:
1440:
1435:
1431:
1424:
1410:
1406:
1399:
1385:
1381:
1363:
1359:
1352:
1338:
1334:
1317:
1313:
1309:
1292:
1276:
1266:
1222:
1216:
1179:
1173:
1168:
1084:
1079:
1060:Bachittar Singh
1017:
1011:
955:
931:
925:
895:chun qiu da dao
871:
865:
843:
837:
821:Tokugawa Ieyasu
817:Honda Tadakatsu
801:
795:
727:
721:
716:
692:
686:
663:
657:
649:glaive-guisarme
628:
622:
581:
575:
562:
556:
531:
511:
505:
500:
495:
457:
451:
433:
427:
404:
398:
375:
347:Kontos (weapon)
333:
328:
323:
290:Prince Rupert's
264:Ewart Oakeshott
213:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
2449:
2439:
2438:
2421:
2420:
2418:
2417:
2412:
2407:
2402:
2397:
2392:
2387:
2382:
2377:
2372:
2367:
2362:
2357:
2352:
2347:
2342:
2337:
2332:
2327:
2322:
2317:
2312:
2307:
2302:
2297:
2292:
2287:
2282:
2277:
2271:
2269:
2265:
2264:
2262:
2261:
2256:
2251:
2246:
2241:
2239:Viking halberd
2236:
2231:
2226:
2221:
2216:
2211:
2206:
2201:
2196:
2191:
2186:
2181:
2176:
2171:
2166:
2161:
2156:
2151:
2146:
2141:
2136:
2134:Lucerne hammer
2131:
2126:
2121:
2116:
2111:
2106:
2101:
2096:
2091:
2086:
2081:
2076:
2071:
2066:
2061:
2056:
2051:
2046:
2041:
2036:
2031:
2026:
2021:
2016:
2011:
2006:
2001:
1995:
1993:
1989:
1988:
1981:
1980:
1973:
1966:
1958:
1952:
1951:
1928:
1920:
1919:External links
1917:
1915:
1914:
1905:
1896:
1887:
1878:
1869:
1860:
1845:
1838:
1814:
1807:
1789:
1782:
1776:. Penguin UK.
1764:
1747:
1730:
1719:on 3 June 2021
1702:
1683:
1650:
1643:
1617:
1610:
1592:
1581:
1570:
1556:
1547:
1538:
1531:
1505:
1487:
1478:
1471:
1453:
1438:
1429:
1422:
1404:
1397:
1379:
1357:
1350:
1332:
1310:
1308:
1305:
1304:
1303:
1301:Stick-fighting
1298:
1291:
1288:
1274:Lucerne hammer
1265:
1262:
1244:(helmet), and
1218:Main article:
1215:
1212:
1175:Main article:
1172:
1169:
1167:
1166:
1161:
1159:Viking halberd
1156:
1151:
1146:
1141:
1136:
1131:
1126:
1121:
1119:Lucerne hammer
1116:
1111:
1106:
1101:
1096:
1091:
1085:
1083:
1080:
1078:
1077:Later polearms
1075:
1029:Maratha Empire
1013:Main article:
1010:
1007:
954:
951:
927:Main article:
924:
921:
867:Main article:
864:
861:
839:Main article:
836:
833:
813:Sengoku period
797:Main article:
794:
791:
769:(longbow) and
749:from the late
723:Main article:
720:
717:
715:
712:
688:Main article:
685:
682:
659:Main article:
656:
653:
624:Main article:
621:
618:
609:stopping power
577:Main article:
574:
571:
558:Main article:
555:
552:
530:
527:
507:Main article:
504:
501:
499:
496:
494:
491:
455:Ngao (polearm)
453:Main article:
450:
445:
429:Main article:
426:
421:
400:Main article:
397:
394:
374:
371:
370:
369:
364:
359:
354:
349:
344:
339:
332:
329:
327:
324:
322:
319:
239:, such as the
212:
209:
188:post-classical
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2448:
2437:
2434:
2433:
2431:
2416:
2413:
2411:
2408:
2406:
2403:
2401:
2398:
2396:
2393:
2391:
2388:
2386:
2383:
2381:
2378:
2376:
2373:
2371:
2368:
2366:
2363:
2361:
2358:
2356:
2353:
2351:
2348:
2346:
2343:
2341:
2338:
2336:
2333:
2331:
2328:
2326:
2323:
2321:
2318:
2316:
2313:
2311:
2308:
2306:
2303:
2301:
2298:
2296:
2293:
2291:
2288:
2286:
2283:
2281:
2280:Bambu runcing
2278:
2276:
2273:
2272:
2270:
2266:
2260:
2257:
2255:
2252:
2250:
2247:
2245:
2242:
2240:
2237:
2235:
2232:
2230:
2227:
2225:
2222:
2220:
2217:
2215:
2212:
2210:
2207:
2205:
2202:
2200:
2197:
2195:
2192:
2190:
2187:
2185:
2182:
2180:
2177:
2175:
2172:
2170:
2167:
2165:
2162:
2160:
2157:
2155:
2152:
2150:
2149:Military fork
2147:
2145:
2142:
2140:
2137:
2135:
2132:
2130:
2127:
2125:
2122:
2120:
2117:
2115:
2114:Jeddart staff
2112:
2110:
2107:
2105:
2102:
2100:
2097:
2095:
2092:
2090:
2087:
2085:
2082:
2080:
2077:
2075:
2072:
2070:
2067:
2065:
2062:
2060:
2057:
2055:
2052:
2050:
2047:
2045:
2042:
2040:
2037:
2035:
2032:
2030:
2027:
2025:
2022:
2020:
2017:
2015:
2014:Bec de corbin
2012:
2010:
2007:
2005:
2002:
2000:
1997:
1996:
1994:
1990:
1986:
1979:
1974:
1972:
1967:
1965:
1960:
1959:
1956:
1949:
1948:
1934:
1929:
1926:
1923:
1922:
1909:
1900:
1891:
1882:
1873:
1864:
1858:
1854:
1849:
1841:
1839:0-946009-01-5
1835:
1831:
1827:
1826:
1818:
1810:
1804:
1800:
1793:
1785:
1779:
1775:
1768:
1761:
1757:
1751:
1744:
1740:
1734:
1718:
1714:
1706:
1700:
1696:
1692:
1687:
1671:
1667:
1659:
1657:
1655:
1646:
1640:
1636:
1631:
1630:
1621:
1613:
1607:
1603:
1596:
1590:
1585:
1579:
1574:
1566:
1560:
1551:
1542:
1534:
1528:
1524:
1519:
1518:
1509:
1501:
1497:
1491:
1482:
1474:
1472:1-86232-251-1
1468:
1464:
1457:
1449:
1442:
1433:
1425:
1423:0-85976-047-2
1419:
1415:
1408:
1400:
1398:1-870981-00-6
1394:
1390:
1383:
1375:
1371:
1367:
1361:
1353:
1351:0-7188-2126-2
1347:
1343:
1336:
1328:
1324:
1323:
1315:
1311:
1302:
1299:
1297:
1294:
1293:
1287:
1285:
1281:
1275:
1271:
1270:Bec de corbin
1261:
1259:
1255:
1251:
1247:
1243:
1239:
1235:
1231:
1227:
1221:
1211:
1209:
1208:chauve-souris
1205:
1201:
1197:
1192:
1188:
1184:
1178:
1165:
1162:
1160:
1157:
1155:
1152:
1150:
1147:
1145:
1142:
1140:
1137:
1135:
1132:
1130:
1127:
1125:
1124:Military fork
1122:
1120:
1117:
1115:
1112:
1110:
1107:
1105:
1102:
1100:
1097:
1095:
1094:Bec de Corbin
1092:
1090:
1087:
1086:
1074:
1072:
1068:
1065:
1061:
1057:
1054:
1050:
1046:
1042:
1038:
1034:
1030:
1026:
1022:
1016:
1006:
994:
990:
976:
972:
968:
964:
960:
946:
942:
940:
936:
930:
920:
918:
914:
909:
906:
902:
901:
896:
892:
888:
884:
880:
876:
870:
860:
857:
852:
848:
842:
832:
830:
826:
822:
818:
814:
810:
806:
800:
790:
788:
784:
780:
776:
772:
768:
764:
760:
756:
752:
748:
744:
740:
736:
732:
726:
711:
709:
705:
701:
697:
691:
681:
679:
675:
674:
668:
662:
652:
650:
645:
641:
640:kitchen knife
637:
633:
627:
617:
615:
610:
606:
602:
598:
594:
590:
586:
580:
570:
568:
561:
551:
549:
545:
540:
537:
526:
524:
520:
516:
510:
490:
488:
484:
480:
476:
472:
471:
470:krabi krabong
466:
462:
456:
449:
444:
442:
438:
432:
425:
420:
418:
413:
409:
403:
391:
387:
384:
379:
368:
365:
363:
360:
358:
355:
353:
350:
348:
345:
343:
340:
338:
335:
334:
317:
315:
311:
307:
303:
299:
293:
291:
287:
283:
278:
272:
267:
265:
260:
258:
254:
250:
246:
242:
238:
234:
230:
221:
220:Shang dynasty
217:
208:
206:
202:
198:
194:
189:
184:
182:
178:
174:
170:
166:
162:
158:
154:
150:
146:
142:
138:
134:
130:
126:
122:
118:
113:
109:
108:skirmish line
105:
101:
97:
92:
89:
85:
84:melee weapons
81:
77:
73:
64:
58:in the center
57:
53:
49:
45:
41:
37:
36:morning stars
32:
19:
2179:Quarterstaff
2129:Lochaber axe
2044:Brogit staff
1984:
1945:
1944:(As used in
1936:. Retrieved
1908:
1899:
1890:
1881:
1872:
1863:
1856:
1852:
1848:
1824:
1817:
1798:
1792:
1773:
1767:
1759:
1755:
1750:
1742:
1738:
1733:
1721:. Retrieved
1717:the original
1705:
1690:
1686:
1674:. Retrieved
1670:the original
1628:
1620:
1601:
1595:
1584:
1573:
1559:
1550:
1541:
1516:
1508:
1500:the original
1490:
1481:
1462:
1456:
1447:
1441:
1432:
1413:
1407:
1388:
1382:
1369:
1360:
1341:
1335:
1321:
1314:
1284:plate armour
1277:
1245:
1241:
1237:
1233:
1230:Swiss voulge
1229:
1225:
1223:
1207:
1203:
1195:
1182:
1180:
1114:Lochaber axe
1067:war elephant
1049:Nagni Barcha
1048:
1044:
1041:Nagni Barcha
1040:
1037:Karpa Barcha
1036:
1032:
1020:
1018:
988:
970:
966:
962:
959:Song dynasty
956:
934:
932:
910:
898:
894:
882:
878:
874:
872:
846:
844:
819:a vassal of
804:
802:
751:Heian period
730:
728:
707:
695:
693:
670:
666:
664:
631:
629:
613:
596:
592:
588:
584:
582:
566:
563:
543:
541:
532:
519:Anglo-Saxons
512:
486:
482:
478:
468:
464:
460:
458:
447:
436:
434:
431:Ji (polearm)
423:
416:
407:
405:
337:Dory (spear)
295:
274:
269:
261:
233:Scandinavian
225:
201:martial arts
185:
93:
80:close combat
75:
71:
69:
2305:Fangtian ji
2139:Man catcher
2039:Brandistock
1240:(staff) or
1109:Brandistock
989:fangtian ji
971:qinglong ji
953:Fangtian ji
939:zhan ma dao
845:The Korean
785:. From the
771:tanegashima
700:sword-staff
698:(literally
587:(sometimes
473:. Known in
314:Welsh hooks
310:hedge-bills
277:men-at-arms
193:Swiss Guard
177:war scythes
96:pike square
76:pole weapon
52:war scythes
2375:Sodegarami
2295:Dagger-axe
2254:Welsh hook
2249:War scythe
2229:Swordstaff
2209:Sparth axe
2029:Boar spear
2024:Bear spear
1723:5 December
1699:B08DGRWN98
1676:5 December
1307:References
1268:See also:
1164:War scythe
1025:South Asia
883:yanyue dao
787:Edo period
690:swordstaff
548:galloglass
529:Sparth axe
408:dagger-axe
402:Dagger-axe
396:Dagger-axe
383:dagger-axe
302:half-pikes
251:, and the
2330:Kama-yari
2320:Hoko yari
2189:Rhomphaia
2144:Menaulion
2099:Half pike
2084:Goedendag
1999:Ahlspiess
1463:Galloglas
829:Tonbokiri
743:hoko yari
696:svärdstav
684:Svärdstav
352:Rhomphaia
173:bardiches
169:naginatas
125:dane axes
48:spontoons
44:partisans
2436:Polearms
2430:Category
2400:Trishula
2365:Sasumata
2345:Naginata
2340:Nagamaki
2224:Spontoon
2159:Partisan
2089:Guisarme
2074:Fauchard
2054:Dane axe
2049:Corseque
2009:Bardiche
1992:European
1985:Polearms
1855:meaning
1290:See also
1187:partisan
1183:corseque
1177:Corseque
1171:Corseque
1129:Partisan
1089:Bardiche
1082:European
889:general
879:kwan tou
779:nagamaki
765:(spear)
755:Onin War
731:naginata
725:Naginata
719:Naginata
708:naginata
704:quillons
614:guisarme
601:peasants
585:guisarme
579:Guisarme
573:Guisarme
567:guisarme
560:Fauchard
554:Fauchard
509:Dane axe
503:Dane axe
498:European
331:European
306:halberds
165:tridents
157:harpoons
153:halberds
149:poleaxes
137:guandaos
54:, and a
40:halberds
18:Polearms
2405:Tsukubō
2315:Guandao
2310:Gichang
2290:Bisento
2234:Trident
2194:Sarissa
2184:Ranseur
2174:Pollaxe
2109:Javelin
2094:Halberd
2059:Doloire
1947:NetHack
1853:Grayned
1280:pollaxe
1264:Poleaxe
1258:cantons
1254:pollaxe
1234:halberd
1226:halberd
1220:Halberd
1214:Halberd
1200:ranseur
1139:Ranseur
1071:Lohgarh
1056:warrior
993:Chinese
975:Chinese
957:In the
891:Guan Yu
875:guandao
869:Guandao
863:Guandao
759:asigaru
735:samurai
673:cleaver
597:bisarme
593:giserne
589:gisarme
523:Normans
381:Triple
362:Trident
357:Sarissa
222:polearm
161:sovnyas
133:glaives
112:halberd
104:cavalry
100:phalanx
72:polearm
56:ranseur
2385:Sumpit
2380:Sovnya
2300:Dangpa
2285:Barcha
2259:Xyston
2244:Voulge
2219:Spetum
2204:Sovnya
2119:Kontos
2079:Glaive
2004:Atgeir
1938:2 July
1857:bladed
1836:
1805:
1780:
1743:中國兵器事典
1697:
1641:
1608:
1529:
1469:
1420:
1395:
1348:
1250:voulge
1196:rawcon
1191:spetum
1154:Spetum
1149:Sovnya
1064:Mughal
1045:Ballam
1033:barcha
1021:Barcha
1015:Barcha
995::
977::
917:dragon
856:Joseon
851:Shilla
783:katana
678:glaive
667:voulge
661:Voulge
655:Voulge
632:glaive
626:Glaive
620:Glaive
536:sparðr
515:Viking
367:Xyston
275:While
249:scythe
247:, the
241:atgeir
181:lances
179:, and
141:pudaos
129:spears
2410:Woldo
2390:Tabar
2370:Sibat
2360:Qiang
2355:Podao
2275:Arbir
2268:Asian
2214:Spear
2124:Lance
2104:Hasta
1496:"OED"
1296:Spear
1246:Barte
1204:runka
1058:Bhai
935:podao
929:Podao
923:Podao
847:woldo
841:Woldo
835:Woldo
775:tachi
747:tachi
739:tsuba
714:Asian
671:pole
636:blade
605:spear
544:sparr
483:woldo
477:as a
475:Malay
373:Asian
298:pikes
296:with
257:spear
253:knife
237:sagas
145:pikes
121:picks
117:Bills
78:is a
2415:Yari
2350:Ngao
2335:Kudi
2164:Pike
2069:Falx
2064:Dory
2019:Bill
1940:2020
1834:ISBN
1803:ISBN
1778:ISBN
1760:武器事典
1725:2022
1695:ASIN
1678:2022
1639:ISBN
1606:ISBN
1527:ISBN
1467:ISBN
1418:ISBN
1393:ISBN
1346:ISBN
1272:and
1242:Helm
1238:Halm
1228:(or
1202:and
1134:Pike
1099:Bill
1053:Sikh
1019:The
1002:lit.
984:lit.
905:Ming
809:sasa
805:yari
799:Yari
793:Yari
781:and
767:yumi
763:yari
644:tang
521:and
487:ngao
465:ngau
461:ngao
459:The
448:Ngao
435:The
412:tang
406:The
342:Falx
1691:歴史人
1635:241
1374:149
1327:135
997:方天戟
979:青龍戟
913:dao
877:or
595:or
479:dap
463:or
245:axe
195:or
98:or
74:or
2432::
2325:Ji
1950:.)
1832:.
1830:67
1653:^
1637:.
1525:.
1523:23
1368:,
1224:A
1210:.
1198:,
1181:A
1073:.
999:;
981:;
967:ji
963:ji
933:A
873:A
831:.
827:,
803:A
729:A
710:.
694:A
680:.
665:A
651:.
630:A
591:,
583:A
443:.
437:ji
424:Ji
417:ji
388:,
386:ji
312:,
308:,
304:,
300:,
266:,
259:.
229:ji
203:.
175:,
171:,
167:,
163:,
159:,
155:,
151:,
147:,
143:,
139:,
135:,
131:,
127:,
123:,
119:,
70:A
50:,
46:,
42:,
38:,
1977:e
1970:t
1963:v
1942:.
1842:.
1811:.
1786:.
1762:)
1758:(
1745:)
1741:(
1727:.
1680:.
1647:.
1614:.
1535:.
1475:.
1426:.
1401:.
1354:.
1329:.
991:(
973:(
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
