1165:
1216:
1119:
1138:
1081:
1100:
1353:
1182:
923:
1199:
808:
1380:
1290:
1233:
884:
859:
658:
1362:
1281:
825:
733:
709:
842:
1371:
1344:
784:
692:
675:
897:
1308:
1299:
767:
750:
1335:
1326:
1317:
910:
55:
20:
410:
uniquely from this convention). In komatsufuda and kabufuda, the designs of the suits became much more abstract. The latter much moreso to the point where the suit does not matter (only rank) and the face cards indistinguishable; thus becoming a single-suited deck with ranks 1-10 and the designs quadruplicated. Unsun karuta did not face the same restrictions and instead developed an additional suit and additional ranks.
1053:
982:
1251:
1036:
1019:
1879:
943:
44:
1006:
969:
956:
3598:"Portuguese" is slightly misleading nomenclature. The suit system may have originated in Catalonia and spread out through the western Mediterranean before being replaced by the "Spanish" system. The association with Portugal comes from the fact that they continued to use it until completely going over to French suits at the beginning of the 20th century.
1450:, sometimes called selected suits or, misleadingly, trump suits. The chosen suits are typified by having a disrupted ranking and cards with varying privileges which may range from full to none and which may depend on the order they are played to the trick. For example, chosen Sevens may be unbeatable when led, but otherwise worthless. In Swedish
1789:, a game where half the suits were in reverse order, the lower cards beating the higher. In Ganjifa, progressive suits were called "strong" while inverted suits were called "weak". In Latin decks, the traditional division is between the long suits of swords and clubs and the round suits of cups and coins. This pairing can be seen in
3167:, in which each card has one of four background colors, the rule being that all the cards played by a single player in a single round must be the same color. The selection of cards in the deck of each color is approximately the same and the player's choice of which color to use is guided by the contents of their particular hand.
465:) from the German suits around 1480. French suits correspond closely with German suits with the exception of the tiles with the bells but there is one early French deck that had crescents instead of tiles. The English names for the French suits of clubs and spades may simply have been carried over from the older Latin suits.
493:, which may be part of the trump suit depending on the game or region. These cards do not have pips or face cards like the other suits. Most tarot decks used for games come with French suits but Italian suits are still used in Piedmont, Bologna, and pockets of Switzerland. A few Sicilian towns use the Portuguese-suited
409:
decks that are used for gambling. In hanafuda, the role of rank and suit in organizing cards became switched, so the deck has 12 suits, each representing a month of the year, and each suit has 4 cards, most often two normal, one Ribbon and one
Special (though August, November and December each differ
432:
During the 15th-century, manufacturers in German speaking lands experimented with various new suit systems to replace the Latin suits. One early deck had five suits, the Latin ones with an extra suit of shields. The Swiss-Germans developed their own suits of shields, roses, acorns, and bells around
1906:
decks, and the most common colors are black spades, red hearts, blue diamonds and green clubs, although in the past the diamond suit usually appeared in a golden yellow-orange. A pack occasionally used in
Germany uses green spades (comparable to leaves), red hearts, yellow diamonds (comparable to
1466:
Whist-style rules generally preclude the necessity of determining which of two cards of different suits has higher rank, because a card played on a card of a different suit either automatically wins or automatically loses depending on whether the new card is a trump. However, some card games also
1429:
in which the object is to avoid taking tricks containing hearts. With typical rules for Hearts (rules vary slightly) the queen of spades and the two of clubs (sometimes also the jack of diamonds) have special effects, with the result that all four suits have different strategic value.
245:
and the invention of suits increased the level of strategy and depth in these games. A card of one suit cannot beat a card from another regardless of its rank. The concept of suits predates playing cards and can be found in
Chinese dice and domino games such as
2535:
A large number of games are based around a deck in which each card has a rank and a suit (usually represented by a color), and for each suit there is exactly one card having each rank, though in many cases the deck has various special cards as well.
1907:
bells) and black clubs (comparable to acorns). This is a compromise deck devised to allow players from East
Germany (who used German suits) and West Germany (who adopted the French suits) to be comfortable with the same deck when playing tournament
504:
have been produced. These typically have the suits cups, pentacles (based on the suit of coins), wands (based on the suit of batons), and swords. The trump cards and Fool of traditional card playing packs were named the
3668:
There does not appear to be a single universal system of correspondences between Swiss-German and French suits. Cards combining the two suit systems are manufactured in different versions with different combinations of
3178:"), all cards are part of a single sequence ranked from 1 to 37 but split into three suits depending on its rank. players must follow the suit led, but if they are void in that suit they may play a card of another suit
3182:. For this reason every card in the deck has a different number to prevent ties. A further strategic element is introduced since one suit contains mostly low-ranking cards and another, mostly high-ranking cards.
1471:, where if one player wishes to bid to make some number of heart tricks and another to make the same number of diamond tricks, there must be a mechanism to determine which takes precedence in the bidding order.
92:(symbols) showing to which suit it belongs; the suit may alternatively or additionally be indicated by the color printed on the card. The rank for each card is determined by the number of pips on it, except on
1408:
and all cards of the trump suit rank above all non-trump cards, and automatically prevail over them, losing only to a higher trump if one is played to the same trick. Non-trump suits are called plain suits.
305:) on the Tens of Myriads suit may have inspired the Muslim suit of swords. Another clue linking these Chinese, Muslim, and European cards are the ranking of certain suits. In many early Chinese games like
282:
of
Myriads. Old Chinese coins had holes in the middle to allow them to be strung together. A string of coins could easily be misinterpreted as a stick to those unfamiliar with them.
96:. Ranking indicates which cards within a suit are better, higher or more valuable than others, whereas there is no order between the suits unless defined in the rules of a specific
346:
There are four types of Latin suits: Italian, Spanish, Portuguese, and an extinct archaic type. The systems can be distinguished by the pips of their long suits: swords and clubs.
3814:
The shape of the clubs symbol is believed to be an adaptation of the German suit of acorns. Clubs are also known as clovers, flowers and crosses. The French name for the suit is
1474:
There is no standard order for the four suits and so there are differing conventions among games that need a suit hierarchy. Examples of suit order are (from highest to lowest):
1697:
1621:
1664:
1643:
289:
and had contacted China, and had adopted playing cards. The
Muslims renamed the suit of myriads as cups; this may have been due to seeing a Chinese character for "myriad" (
353:
Southern
Italian and Spanish swords are straight, and the clubs appear to be knobbly cudgels. They do not cross each other (The common exception being the three of clubs).
1686:
1675:
1632:
1610:
526:, the Minor Arcana, and the suits by extension, are believed to represent relatively mundane features of life. The court cards may represent the people whom one meets.
3865:
from the
Spanish suit. Those symbols were later changed to resemble the digging tool instead to avoid confusion. In German and Dutch the suit is alternatively named
183:
which have the same suits but different patterns compared with
Spanish suited cards. Asian countries such as China and Japan also have their own traditional suits.
3185:
Whereas cards in a traditional deck have two classifications—suit and rank—and each combination is represented by one card, giving for example
100:. In most decks, there is exactly one card of any given rank in any given suit. A deck may include special cards that belong to no suit, often called
3299:
335:
The Latin suits are coins, clubs, cups, and swords. They are the earliest suit-system in Europe, and were adopted from the cards imported from
5551:
3163:
Decks for some games are divided into suits, but otherwise bear little relation to traditional games. An example would be the board game
195:
Modern
Western playing cards are generally divided into two or three general suit-systems. The older Latin suits are subdivided into the
4197:
The Minor Arcana comprises fifty-six cards divided into four suits, which in most decks are swords, wands, cups, and coins or pentacles.
5546:
5541:
3535:
In some card games the card suits have a dominance order, for example: club (lowest) - diamond - heart - spade (highest). That led to
47:
Traditional Spanish suits – clubs, swords, cups and coins – are found in Hispanic America, Italy and parts of France as well as Spain
379:
The archaic system is like the Northern Italian one, but the swords are curved inward so they touch each other without intersecting.
5590:
5836:
4744:
4544:
509:; the remaining cards, often embellished with occult images, were the Minor Arcana. Neither term is recognised by card players.
5489:
3242:
1895:
Some decks, while using the French suits, give each suit a different color to make the suits more distinct from each other. In
433:
1450. Instead of roses and shields, the Germans settled with hearts and leaves around 1460. The French derived their suits of
5949:
3887:
523:
473:
Beginning around 1440 in northern Italy, some decks started to include an extra suit of (usually) 21 numbered cards known as
5967:
5931:
5092:
3303:
1765:
268:
5871:
4683:
1812:, only the color (red or black) is relevant. In yet others, such as bridge, each of the suit pairings are distinguished.
72:
54:
356:
Portuguese pips are like the Spanish, but they intersect like Northern Italian ones. They sometimes have dragons on the
328:, used the suits coins, clubs, cups, and swords, but the clubs represented polo sticks; Europeans changed that suit, as
5527:
5387:
5215:
3931:
5307:
4218:
3238:
3655:
The French suit system is generally considered to be separate from the German and Swiss due to its different set of
5940:
5512:
5507:
3255:
1454:
some cards are even unplayable. In games where the number of chosen suits is less than four, the others are called
5185:
500:
The esoteric use of Tarot packs emerged in France in the late 18th century, since when special packs intended for
309:, the suit of coins was in reverse order so that the lower ones beat the higher ones. In the Indo-Persian game of
5829:
5422:
5035:
4836:
4715:
4710:
4698:
793:
232:
5079:
393:
was not introduced to playing cards until the arrival of the Portuguese in the 1540s. Early locally made cards,
253:
88:
is one of the categories into which the cards of a deck are divided. Most often, each card bears one of several
5922:
5605:
4932:
4190:
4162:
3225:
4058:
5730:
5517:
3042:
313:, half the suits were also inverted, including a suit of coins. This was also true for the European games of
5843:
5675:
5031:
5027:
4169:
In the system that is most commonly used, these suits are designated as Wands, Swords, Cups, and Pentacles.
1797:. German and Swiss suits lack pairing but French suits maintained them and this can be seen in the game of
228:
5412:
5382:
4964:
4730:
4576:
4537:
2392:
423:
419:
350:
Northern Italian swords are curved outward and the clubs appear to be batons. They intersect one another.
24:
5522:
5205:
4982:
4470:
4272:
3520:
1417:
Some games treat one or more suits as being special or different from the others. A simple example is
321:. The inverting of suits had no purpose in terms of play but was an artifact from the earliest games.
5615:
5267:
608:
590:
6008:
5484:
5474:
5352:
5332:
5150:
4947:
3277:
554:
336:
256:
are believed to be the oldest ancestor to the Latin suit system. The money-suit system is based on
5479:
5327:
5277:
5257:
3262:
3214:
572:
257:
68:
529:
Each suit also has distinctive characteristics and connotations commonly held to be as follows:
6003:
5864:
4688:
4530:
3175:
3164:
28:
5801:
5170:
3493:
5976:
5903:
5620:
5595:
5357:
5231:
4891:
4876:
4841:
4761:
4677:
4561:
4309:
3918:
3524:
2046:
718:
643:
490:
385:(a game that used a 97-card deck) used a mixed system of Italian clubs and Portuguese swords.
224:
200:
196:
5895:
5686:
4927:
4913:
4901:
4881:
4831:
4693:
4638:
2441:
1912:
991:
932:
212:
204:
180:
148:
101:
8:
5998:
5822:
5580:
5087:
4896:
4650:
4633:
904:
873:
427:
262:
208:
128:
4335:
5857:
5717:
5712:
5210:
4416:
4286:
3569:
3564:
3287:
1685:
1674:
1663:
1642:
1631:
1609:
1418:
1404:
963:
950:
937:
878:
501:
478:
398:
340:
168:
1443:
5763:
5751:
5707:
5600:
5561:
5447:
5407:
5236:
5175:
4655:
4389:
4214:
4186:
4158:
3911:
3847:
In German-speaking countries the spade was the symbol associated with the blade of a
2277:
2254:
1928:
This is a list of suit systems devised by early Swiss-German cardmakers mentioned by
1696:
1620:
1518:
1426:
1399:
976:
917:
891:
494:
361:
242:
215:
are a derivative of the German suits but are generally considered a separate system.
127:, many other countries have their own traditional suits. Much of central Europe uses
4512:
4443:
4254:
5815:
5808:
5773:
5652:
5533:
5466:
5397:
5337:
4846:
4117:
4026:
3975:
3954:
3608:
3579:
3193:
deck has four classifications each into one of three categories, giving a total of
2891:
1908:
1794:
1702:
482:
314:
4704:
2419:
1705:
for bidding (valued 12, 11, 10, 9) and to determine which Jack beats which in play
1467:
need to define relative suit rank. An example of this is in auction games such as
1164:
405:
deck that today is used most often for fishing-type games and the Komatsufuda and
5437:
5432:
5130:
4766:
4643:
4595:
2681:
1929:
1896:
1890:
1883:
1816:
1648:
1590:
1513:
1468:
1215:
1047:
1043:
585:
474:
187:
packs have a set of distinct picture cards alongside the traditional four suits.
124:
3307:
1595:
1352:
1198:
1181:
922:
807:
5958:
5850:
5756:
5736:
5691:
5632:
5585:
5417:
5367:
4990:
4908:
4802:
4725:
4362:
3952:
Pollett, Andrea (2002). "Tuman, or the Ten Thousand Cups of the Mamluk Cards".
3241:. 1st Battalion, 501st Infantry Regiment is now part of the 4th Brigade (ABN),
2024:
1772:
1379:
1289:
1232:
883:
858:
657:
567:
172:
89:
5372:
3245:
in Alaska; the Diamond is currently used by the 101st Combat Aviation Brigade.
1361:
1280:
1137:
1118:
1099:
1080:
841:
824:
732:
708:
5992:
5681:
5659:
5647:
5502:
5402:
5347:
5342:
5190:
5155:
5059:
5054:
5011:
4972:
4942:
4937:
4626:
4621:
4590:
4585:
4250:
4209:
Dee, Jonathan (2002). "Introduction to the Minor Arcana". In Liz Dean (ed.).
3574:
3283:
3201:, but this is not really enlightening in terms of the structure of the game.
2189:
2139:
2112:
1455:
1422:
1370:
1343:
1030:
1026:
1013:
896:
783:
691:
674:
603:
549:
156:
152:
140:
136:
132:
120:
116:
1307:
1298:
1150:
766:
749:
365:
5746:
5696:
5637:
5427:
5322:
5317:
5252:
5200:
5049:
5016:
4995:
4600:
4553:
3855:
originally did not refer to the tool but was derived from the Spanish word
3291:
3218:
2069:
1334:
1325:
1067:
1000:
996:
506:
369:
286:
176:
164:
144:
112:
81:
5262:
4157:(First ed.). St. Paul, Minnesota: Llewellyn Publications. p. 5.
4084:
1865:(diamonds and spades, which visually have a sharp point uppermost) versus
1316:
401:
on gambling, card playing, and general foreign influence, resulted in the
5888:
5722:
5669:
5664:
5610:
5392:
5282:
5160:
5044:
4720:
3935:
3502:
2092:
1447:
160:
108:
3994:
1421:, which uses spades as a permanent trump suit. A less simple example is
909:
397:, were very similar to Portuguese decks. Increasing restrictions by the
5778:
5768:
5642:
5442:
5312:
5135:
5067:
4816:
4011:
3621:
3190:
2507:
1854:
1848:
1798:
373:
184:
300:
292:
5741:
5566:
5362:
5302:
5145:
4886:
4660:
4238:
4140:
4024:
Dummett, Michael (1990–1991). "A Survey of 'Archaic' Italian Cards".
3998:
3939:
3656:
2212:
1805:
1585:
382:
238:
97:
93:
3523:
is the most frequently used encoding standard, and suits are in the
5377:
5180:
4825:
4809:
4795:
3625:
3197:
cards. Any one of these four classifications could be considered a
2685:
2403:
1272:
1242:
406:
402:
247:
4234:
1451:
107:
While English-speaking countries traditionally use cards with the
19:
5701:
5272:
5195:
4779:
4772:
3295:
2592:
1809:
1786:
1552:
325:
310:
203:
suit-systems. The younger Germanic suits are subdivided into the
62:
4522:
3659:. However, when comparing only the pips, it is German in origin.
1250:
5165:
5097:
4859:
4852:
4788:
4755:
3874:
2319:
1902:
1869:(hearts and clubs) suits. This is used in bridge as a mnemonic.
1052:
981:
394:
306:
274:
4136:
3546:
Other expressions drawn from bridge and similar games include
1878:
43:
5140:
4045:
3861:
3848:
1982:
1965:
1790:
1708:
1431:
1035:
1018:
942:
486:
390:
318:
3213:
The four suits were famously employed by the United States'
1005:
218:
4919:
3514:
is the formal name adopted in the standard specifications.
3506:
3180:
and this can still win the trick if its rank is high enough
1819:, there are three ways to divide four suits into pairs: by
1737:
968:
955:
329:
4616:
1923:
357:
4257:
at David Parlett Gourmet Games. Retrieved 24 March 2017.
3209:
Card suit symbols occur in places outside card playing:
1388:
4014:
at the World of Playing Cards. Retrieved 26 March 2017.
413:
4115:
Berry, John (1999). "French suits and English names".
297:) upside-down. The Chinese numeral character for Ten (
4513:"'In spades' - the meaning and origin of this phrase"
4289:(in German). deutscherskatverband.de. 17 January 2012
16:
Categories into which the cards of a deck are divided
4336:"Master of the Playing Cards - The Queen of Flowers"
3204:
2004:
Cards from Shields suit (presumed Swiss suit system)
1740:for determining highest card in certain situations
3910:
3973:Mann, Sylvia (1974). "A Suit-System Subdivided".
3496:, and as subscript the respective decimal number.
147:; Spain and parts of Italy and South America use
5990:
3494:Unicode code point "U+hexadecimal number" syntax
3265:; currently worn by the 4th Brigade Combat Team.
3258:; currently worn by the 2nd Brigade Combat Team.
3228:; currently worn by the 1st Brigade Combat Team.
1402:, one suit may be designated in each deal to be
372:of Japan. Unsun Karuta additionally has a fifth
3936:Games classified by type of cards or tiles used
3221:to distinguish its four constituent regiments:
1785:The pairing of suits is a vestigial remnant of
4095:
4093:
3788:(green), Czech: Listy (leaves), Zelené (green)
5552:Worshipful Company of Makers of Playing Cards
4538:
4267:Leyden, Rudolf von; Dummett, Michael (1982).
4266:
4185:. New York: St. Martin's Griffin. p. 7.
1831:resulting in six possible suit combinations.
1808:, suits are ignored. In other games, such as
868:Comparison of German, French and Swiss suits
298:
290:
4023:
3917:. Oxford: Oxford University Press. pp.
3611:and likely abandoned after the 15th century.
1936:15th-16th Century Swiss-German suit systems
1780:
622:
616:Material matters, or possessions and career
497:, the only deck of its kind left in Europe.
389:Despite a long history of trade with China,
4180:
4090:
3646:Sample pips come from the Castilian pattern
3620:The only users of Chinese cards during the
3541:more than expected, in abundance, very much
2540:Color suits used by some modern card games
2363:15th-16th Century Swiss-German suit system
5547:Saga Arashiyama Museum of Arts and Culture
4545:
4531:
3759:(red), Czech: Srdce (heart), Červené (red)
3637:Sample pips come from the Venetian pattern
2530:
285:By then the Islamic world had spread into
4046:Italian renaissance woodcut playing cards
1458:and usually rank in their natural order.
219:Origin and development of the Latin suits
4498:US Airborne Divisions in the ETO 1944-45
4471:"The Book of Trades by Jost Amman, 1588"
4087:at trionfi.com. Retrieved 24 March 2017.
3501:s are expressed here as they are in the
1877:
598:Spiritual matters, or emotions and love
42:
18:
5837:The Card Sharp with the Ace of Diamonds
4099:
3951:
3908:
3286:, suit symbols can be represented with
2206:Swords (arranged as spokes of a wheel)
580:Reason or logic, wisdom, and intellect
179:and Bells; and many parts of Italy use
73:question marks, boxes, or other symbols
5991:
5490:International Skat Players Association
4495:
4468:
4441:
4414:
4387:
4360:
4307:
4260:
4181:Smith, Caroline; Astrop, John (1999).
3902:
3271:
2200:Batons (arranged as spokes of a wheel)
1924:Swiss-German Experimental Suit Systems
5591:Blackstone's Card Trick Without Cards
5574:
4526:
4152:
4146:
4114:
3158:
2168:c. 1440-1450, c. 1494-1500 (disputed)
1918:
1389:Suits in games with traditional decks
1271:
524:divinatory, esoteric and occult tarot
360:. This system lingers on only in the
4104:. London: Duckworth. pp. 14–16.
3995:Games played with Latin suited cards
3972:
3830:and the German name for the suit is
3550:(any area of personal strength) and
3530:
1839:suits (hearts and diamonds) and the
414:Invention of German and French suits
5872:Violin and Playing Cards on a Table
5465:
4269:Ganjifa, The Playing Cards of India
4208:
4048:at old.no. Retrieved 26 March 2017.
3822:, the Italian name for the suit is
3314:Playing card characters in Unicode
2341:Fragmentary sheet of Maihinger pack
1873:
1461:
1434:decks have a dedicated trump suit.
1398:In a large and popular category of
13:
5542:Musée Français de la Carte à Jouer
5528:International Playing-Card Society
5216:United States Playing Card Company
4510:
4308:Wintle, Simon (February 7, 2017).
2298:Listed by Dominican Meister Ingold
1249:
1231:
1214:
1197:
1180:
1163:
1051:
1034:
1017:
1004:
980:
967:
954:
941:
921:
908:
895:
882:
857:
840:
823:
806:
782:
765:
748:
731:
707:
690:
673:
656:
517:
14:
6020:
4552:
3205:Uses of playing card suit symbols
324:These Turko-Arabic cards, called
5513:Fournier Museum of Playing Cards
5508:Cary Collection of Playing Cards
4500:. Osprey Publishing. p. 58.
3554:(to imitate another's actions).
2160:Crowns, et al. (total 12 suits)
2133:Crowns, et al. (total 16 suits)
1760:
1732:
1695:
1691:
1684:
1673:
1662:
1641:
1630:
1619:
1615:
1608:
1570:
1547:
1503:
1412:
1378:
1369:
1360:
1351:
1342:
1333:
1324:
1315:
1306:
1297:
1288:
1279:
1266:
1263:
1260:
1257:
1136:
1117:
1098:
1079:
586:Cups, chalices, goblets, vessels
446:
61:This article contains suit card
53:
5830:Card Players in a Rich Interior
4504:
4489:
4462:
4442:Wintle, Simon (July 17, 2011).
4435:
4408:
4381:
4354:
4328:
4301:
4279:
4244:
4227:
4202:
4174:
4129:
4108:
4077:
4051:
4038:
3880:
3841:
3808:
3791:
3762:
3741:
3738:(acorn), Czech: Žaludy (acorns)
3720:
3708:
3696:
3684:
3672:
3662:
3649:
3640:
3631:
3614:
1437:
233:Portuguese-suited playing cards
4469:Wintle, Simon (July 3, 1996).
4415:Wintle, Simon (July 3, 1996).
4361:Wintle, Simon (July 3, 1996).
4017:
4004:
3987:
3966:
3945:
3925:
3913:The Oxford Guide to Card Games
3805:(pumpkin), Czech: Kule (balls)
3601:
3592:
3226:327th Glider Infantry Regiment
3170:In the trick-taking card game
3144:
3121:
3088:
3065:
3058:
3029:
3006:
2960:
2909:
2781:
2753:
2746:
2702:
2668:
2091:2 fragmentary sheets from the
1981:Several incomplete packs from
1755:
1750:
1727:
1722:
1680:
1669:
1626:
1604:
1580:
1565:
1537:
1532:
1498:
1493:
604:Pentacles, coins, disks, rings
468:
462:
454:
332:was an obscure sport to them.
278:of Strings (or of coins), and
1:
5731:The Phantom of the Card Table
5518:German Doppelkopf Association
5186:Nürnberger-Spielkarten-Verlag
4388:Wintle, Simon (May 6, 2015).
4310:"Master of the Playing Cards"
4143:. Retrieved 10 November 2015.
4001:. Retrieved 10 November 2015.
3896:
3607:Probably associated with the
3187:4 suits × 13 ranks = 52 cards
3128:
3114:
3072:
3013:
2967:
2953:
2931:
2916:
2867:
2836:
2816:
2760:
2709:
2652:
2611:
2463:Pack by south German engraver
2234:Pack perhaps by Heinrich Hauk
1846:Rank is used to indicate the
1745:
1717:
1707:Other European games such as
1658:
1637:
1575:
1542:
1508:
438:
5950:Patience and solitaire games
5844:Cardplayers in a Sunlit Room
5676:The Expert at the Card Table
4477:. The World of Playing Cards
4450:. The World of Playing Cards
4423:. The World of Playing Cards
4396:. The World of Playing Cards
4369:. The World of Playing Cards
4342:. Metropolitan Museum of Art
4316:. The World of Playing Cards
3624:were the expat community in
3527:(2600–26FF) of the Unicode.
3137:
3081:
3022:
2976:
2876:
2858:
2825:
2788:
2774:
2767:
2718:
2661:
2620:
2318:Set of mutilated cards from
2211:2 packs by Heinrich Hauk of
1861:Shape is used to denote the
1835:Color is used to denote the
550:Wands, batons, clubs, staves
229:Spanish-suited playing cards
7:
5968:Tarot and Tarock card games
5932:Non trick-taking card games
5413:Richard Valentine Pitchford
5383:Master of the Playing Cards
4211:Tarot, An illustrated guide
3557:
3525:Miscellaneous Symbols Block
3107:
3051:
2997:
2946:
2900:
2851:
2805:
2739:
2693:
2641:
2600:
2393:Master of the Playing Cards
1858:(diamonds and clubs) suits.
1852:(spades and hearts) versus
424:German-suited playing cards
420:French-suited playing cards
374:Guru suit (circular whirls)
25:French-suited playing cards
10:
6025:
5523:German Playing Card Museum
4444:"Master PW Circular Cards"
4273:Victoria and Albert Museum
4241:. Retrieved 24 March 2017.
4155:Tarot for a New Generation
4059:"（六）鎖国時代の中国の紙牌 - 日本かるた文化館"
3942:. Retrieved 24 March 2017.
3275:
3261:Spades (♠) identified the
2894:, 4-Colour Suits (German)
1899:, such decks are known as
1888:
1770:
1764:
1736:
1701:
1647:
1584:
1556:
1551:
1523:
1512:
1446:have between one and four
1061:
867:
637:
632:
417:
254:Chinese money-suited cards
222:
190:
167:; German Switzerland uses
5917:
5880:
5794:
5787:
5560:
5456:
5295:
5245:
5224:
5123:
5114:
5078:
5025:
5004:
4981:
4963:
4956:
4869:
4743:
4669:
4609:
4571:
4560:
4496:Zaloga, Steven J (2007).
4100:Dummett, Michael (1980).
4085:Liechtenstein'sches Spiel
4063:Japan Playing Card Museum
3488:
3224:Clubs (♣) identified the
1843:suits (spades and clubs).
1781:Pairing or ignoring suits
1479:
1393:
1241:
1149:
1066:
990:
931:
872:
792:
717:
642:
623:Comparisons between suits
299:
291:
258:denominations of currency
5485:International Skat Court
5475:British Skat Association
4517:Retrieved 24 March 2017.
4012:Portuguese Playing Cards
3886:Possibly alludes to the
3586:
3278:Playing cards in Unicode
512:
5941:Trick-taking card games
5480:German Skat Association
5258:Bielefelder Spielkarten
4417:"South German Engraver"
4363:"Hofamterspiel, c.1460"
4235:Mechanics of Card Games
4137:Card Games: Tarot Games
4034:(2, 4): 43–51, 128–131.
3909:Parlett, David (1990).
3734:(beechnut), Hungarian:
3215:101st Airborne Division
2531:Suited-and-ranked decks
1804:In some games, such as
1593:for bidding and scoring
1516:for bidding and scoring
35:), clubs (♣), hearts (
5865:Still Life with a Poem
5068:Guru (circular whirls)
4390:"Flemish Hunting Deck"
4153:Renée, Janina (2001).
3873:respectively, meaning
3282:In computer and other
3243:25th Infantry Division
1964:Incomplete sheet from
1886:
1651:only used for bidding
1254:
1236:
1219:
1202:
1185:
1168:
1056:
1039:
1022:
1009:
985:
972:
959:
946:
926:
913:
900:
887:
862:
845:
828:
811:
787:
770:
753:
736:
712:
695:
678:
661:
577:Nobility and military
48:
40:
29:English-speaking world
5923:Historical card games
5904:Play Your Cards Right
5621:Twenty-One Card Trick
5596:The Circus Card Trick
5358:Johann Kaspar Hechtel
4684:Archaeology awareness
4678:Ambraser Hofjagdspiel
4255:The Language of Cards
3492:are expressed by the
2845:4-Colour Suits (Old)
2047:Ambraser Hofjagdspiel
1881:
1588:only used for bidding
1425:, which is a kind of
1253:
1235:
1218:
1201:
1184:
1167:
1055:
1038:
1021:
1008:
984:
971:
958:
945:
925:
912:
899:
886:
861:
844:
827:
810:
786:
769:
752:
735:
711:
694:
677:
660:
485:. Always included in
225:Italian playing cards
46:
22:
5687:History of cardistry
5171:J.O. Öberg & Son
4694:Flemish Hunting Deck
4213:. Silverdale Books.
3801:(bells), Hungarian:
2483:Pack by Master P. W.
2442:Flemish Hunting Deck
2359:Other suit systems:
1913:German reunification
1526:reversed: S, H, D, C
562:Will and creativity
181:Italian suited cards
151:with their suits of
149:Spanish suited cards
5881:Film and television
5823:The Card Players II
5581:The Acme of Control
4183:The Elemental Tarot
3851:. The English term
3539:being used to mean
3315:
3298:standards, or with
3272:Character encodings
2541:
2364:
2276:Pack attributed to
2190:Hopfer of Nuremburg
1937:
1559:3 leaves, 4 corners
1524:Alphabetical order
489:decks is one card,
445:(tiles or diamonds
428:Swiss playing cards
129:German suited cards
5858:Dogs Playing Poker
5423:Johann Georg Rauch
5211:U.S. Games Systems
4573:Playing card suits
3888:kingdom of Granada
3784:(leaf) Hungarian:
3755:(red), Hungarian:
3570:Spades (card game)
3565:Hearts (card game)
3481:White Diamond Suit
3313:
3288:character encoding
3195:3 × 3 × 3 × 3 = 81
3159:Other modern decks
2539:
2436:Shields (Hungary)
2362:
2165:Liechtenstein pack
2115:for teaching logic
1935:
1919:Other suited decks
1887:
1400:trick-taking games
1255:
1237:
1220:
1203:
1186:
1169:
1057:
1040:
1023:
1010:
986:
973:
960:
947:
927:
914:
901:
888:
863:
846:
829:
812:
788:
771:
754:
737:
713:
696:
679:
662:
491:the Fool or Excuse
437:(clovers or clubs
399:Tokugawa shogunate
243:trick-taking games
211:suit-systems. The
169:Swiss suited cards
49:
41:
27:suits used in the
5986:
5985:
5913:
5912:
5764:Si Stebbins stack
5628:
5627:
5606:Out of This World
5601:The Four Burglars
5562:Card manipulation
5498:
5497:
5448:Fusajiro Yamauchi
5408:Ferdinand Piatnik
5291:
5290:
5110:
5109:
4837:Portuguese-suited
4739:
4738:
4716:Most-wanted Iraqi
4699:Hamas most wanted
4656:Curse of Scotland
4275:. pp. 52–53.
4102:The Game of Tarot
3531:Metaphorical uses
3518:
3517:
3452:
3357:
3290:, notably in the
3254:) identified the
3237:) identified the
3189:, each card in a
3156:
3155:
2528:
2527:
2433:Shields (Bohemia)
2430:Shields (Germany)
2357:
2356:
2278:Hans Sebald Beham
2255:Hans Sebald Beham
2019:Bells (presumed)
2013:Acorns (presumed)
1778:
1777:
1557:1 tip, 2 halves,
1386:
1385:
638:Latin card suits
620:
619:
495:Tarocco Siciliano
461:(pikes or spades
362:Tarocco Siciliano
69:rendering support
6016:
5981:
5975:
5972:
5966:
5963:
5957:
5954:
5948:
5945:
5939:
5936:
5930:
5927:
5921:
5816:The Card Players
5809:The Bezique Game
5792:
5791:
5774:Three-card monte
5653:Cards in the hat
5572:
5571:
5534:The Playing-Card
5463:
5462:
5398:Samuel J. Murray
5338:Thierry Depaulis
5121:
5120:
5005:German and Swiss
4961:
4960:
4767:Four-colour pack
4569:
4568:
4547:
4540:
4533:
4524:
4523:
4518:
4516:
4508:
4502:
4501:
4493:
4487:
4486:
4484:
4482:
4466:
4460:
4459:
4457:
4455:
4439:
4433:
4432:
4430:
4428:
4412:
4406:
4405:
4403:
4401:
4385:
4379:
4378:
4376:
4374:
4358:
4352:
4351:
4349:
4347:
4332:
4326:
4325:
4323:
4321:
4305:
4299:
4298:
4296:
4294:
4283:
4277:
4276:
4264:
4258:
4248:
4242:
4231:
4225:
4224:
4206:
4200:
4199:
4178:
4172:
4171:
4150:
4144:
4133:
4127:
4126:
4118:The Playing-Card
4112:
4106:
4105:
4097:
4088:
4081:
4075:
4074:
4072:
4070:
4055:
4049:
4042:
4036:
4035:
4027:The Playing-Card
4021:
4015:
4008:
4002:
3991:
3985:
3984:
3976:The Playing-Card
3970:
3964:
3963:
3955:The Playing-Card
3949:
3943:
3929:
3923:
3922:
3916:
3906:
3891:
3884:
3878:
3845:
3839:
3812:
3806:
3795:
3789:
3766:
3760:
3745:
3739:
3724:
3718:
3712:
3706:
3700:
3694:
3688:
3682:
3676:
3670:
3666:
3660:
3653:
3647:
3644:
3638:
3635:
3629:
3618:
3612:
3609:Duchy of Ferrara
3605:
3599:
3596:
3580:Five-suit bridge
3484:White Club Suit
3478:White Heart Suit
3475:White Spade Suit
3447:
3389:Black Club Suit
3386:Red Diamond Suit
3380:Black Spade Suit
3352:
3316:
3312:
3306:'s named entity
3252:
3235:
3148:
3147:
3141:
3140:
3132:
3131:
3125:
3124:
3118:
3117:
3111:
3110:
3101:Schotten Totten
3092:
3091:
3085:
3084:
3076:
3075:
3069:
3068:
3062:
3061:
3055:
3054:
3033:
3032:
3026:
3025:
3017:
3016:
3010:
3009:
3001:
3000:
2980:
2979:
2971:
2970:
2964:
2963:
2957:
2956:
2950:
2949:
2935:
2934:
2920:
2919:
2913:
2912:
2904:
2903:
2880:
2879:
2871:
2870:
2862:
2861:
2855:
2854:
2840:
2839:
2829:
2828:
2820:
2819:
2809:
2808:
2792:
2791:
2785:
2784:
2778:
2777:
2771:
2770:
2764:
2763:
2757:
2756:
2750:
2749:
2743:
2742:
2722:
2721:
2713:
2712:
2706:
2705:
2697:
2696:
2672:
2671:
2665:
2664:
2656:
2655:
2645:
2644:
2624:
2623:
2615:
2614:
2604:
2603:
2542:
2538:
2427:Shields (France)
2365:
2361:
2142:for teaching law
2016:Roses (presumed)
1938:
1934:
1874:Four-color suits
1795:Tarot card games
1762:
1757:
1752:
1747:
1734:
1729:
1724:
1719:
1699:
1693:
1688:
1682:
1677:
1671:
1666:
1660:
1645:
1639:
1634:
1628:
1623:
1617:
1612:
1606:
1582:
1577:
1572:
1567:
1560:
1549:
1544:
1539:
1534:
1527:
1510:
1505:
1500:
1495:
1482:
1477:
1476:
1462:Ranking of suits
1427:point trick game
1382:
1373:
1364:
1355:
1346:
1337:
1328:
1319:
1310:
1301:
1292:
1283:
1140:
1121:
1102:
1083:
627:
626:
532:
531:
483:tarot card games
464:
456:
448:
440:
304:
303:
296:
295:
57:
39:) and spades (♠)
38:
34:
6024:
6023:
6019:
6018:
6017:
6015:
6014:
6013:
6009:Contract bridge
5989:
5988:
5987:
5982:
5979:
5973:
5970:
5964:
5961:
5955:
5952:
5946:
5943:
5937:
5934:
5928:
5925:
5919:
5909:
5876:
5783:
5624:
5564:
5556:
5494:
5458:
5452:
5438:Charles Troedel
5433:Howard Thurston
5353:Richard Harding
5287:
5268:Charles Goodall
5241:
5220:
5131:ASS Altenburger
5116:
5106:
5103:Tens of Myriads
5093:Strings of Cash
5080:Chinese (Money)
5074:
5021:
5000:
4977:
4952:
4865:
4746:
4735:
4665:
4644:Queen of spades
4605:
4563:
4556:
4551:
4521:
4509:
4505:
4494:
4490:
4480:
4478:
4467:
4463:
4453:
4451:
4440:
4436:
4426:
4424:
4413:
4409:
4399:
4397:
4386:
4382:
4372:
4370:
4359:
4355:
4345:
4343:
4334:
4333:
4329:
4319:
4317:
4306:
4302:
4292:
4290:
4285:
4284:
4280:
4265:
4261:
4249:
4245:
4232:
4228:
4221:
4207:
4203:
4193:
4179:
4175:
4165:
4151:
4147:
4134:
4130:
4113:
4109:
4098:
4091:
4082:
4078:
4068:
4066:
4057:
4056:
4052:
4043:
4039:
4022:
4018:
4009:
4005:
3992:
3988:
3971:
3967:
3950:
3946:
3930:
3926:
3907:
3903:
3899:
3894:
3885:
3881:
3846:
3842:
3813:
3809:
3796:
3792:
3767:
3763:
3746:
3742:
3725:
3721:
3713:
3709:
3701:
3697:
3689:
3685:
3677:
3673:
3667:
3663:
3654:
3650:
3645:
3641:
3636:
3632:
3619:
3615:
3606:
3602:
3597:
3593:
3589:
3584:
3560:
3533:
3510:
3497:
3441:
3434:
3427:
3420:
3346:
3339:
3332:
3325:
3280:
3274:
3253:
3250:
3236:
3233:
3207:
3161:
3145:
3138:
3129:
3122:
3115:
3108:
3089:
3082:
3073:
3066:
3059:
3052:
3030:
3023:
3014:
3007:
2998:
2977:
2968:
2961:
2954:
2947:
2932:
2917:
2910:
2901:
2877:
2868:
2859:
2852:
2837:
2826:
2817:
2806:
2799:4-Colour Suits
2789:
2782:
2775:
2768:
2761:
2754:
2747:
2740:
2719:
2710:
2703:
2694:
2669:
2662:
2653:
2642:
2621:
2612:
2601:
2586:
2584:
2579:
2568:
2557:
2555:
2533:
1987:c. 1470 to 1529
1930:Michael Dummett
1926:
1921:
1893:
1891:Four-color deck
1884:four-color deck
1876:
1817:contract bridge
1783:
1706:
1694:
1683:
1672:
1661:
1640:
1629:
1618:
1607:
1594:
1589:
1558:
1525:
1517:
1480:
1464:
1444:Karnöffel Group
1440:
1415:
1396:
1391:
1377:
1368:
1359:
1350:
1341:
1332:
1323:
1314:
1305:
1296:
1287:
1278:
1248:
1230:
1224:
1213:
1207:
1196:
1190:
1179:
1173:
1162:
1156:
1145:
1144:
1143:
1142:
1141:
1130:
1126:
1125:
1124:
1123:
1122:
1111:
1107:
1106:
1105:
1104:
1103:
1092:
1088:
1087:
1086:
1085:
1084:
1073:
1050:
1046:
1033:
1029:
1016:
1003:
999:
979:
966:
953:
940:
920:
907:
894:
881:
856:
850:
839:
833:
822:
816:
805:
799:
781:
775:
764:
758:
747:
741:
730:
724:
706:
700:
689:
683:
672:
666:
655:
649:
625:
520:
518:Symbolic origin
515:
471:
430:
418:Main articles:
416:
341:Moorish Granada
235:
223:Main articles:
221:
193:
78:
77:
76:
67:Without proper
58:
36:
32:
17:
12:
11:
5:
6022:
6012:
6011:
6006:
6001:
5984:
5983:
5918:
5915:
5914:
5911:
5910:
5908:
5907:
5900:
5892:
5884:
5882:
5878:
5877:
5875:
5868:
5861:
5854:
5851:The Cardsharps
5847:
5840:
5833:
5826:
5819:
5812:
5805:
5798:
5796:
5789:
5785:
5784:
5782:
5781:
5776:
5771:
5766:
5761:
5760:
5759:
5754:
5749:
5739:
5737:Second dealing
5734:
5727:
5726:
5725:
5720:
5715:
5710:
5699:
5694:
5692:House of cards
5689:
5684:
5679:
5672:
5667:
5662:
5657:
5656:
5655:
5645:
5640:
5635:
5633:Bottom dealing
5629:
5626:
5625:
5623:
5618:
5613:
5608:
5603:
5598:
5593:
5588:
5586:Ambitious Card
5583:
5578:
5576:
5569:
5558:
5557:
5555:
5554:
5549:
5544:
5539:
5538:
5537:
5525:
5520:
5515:
5510:
5505:
5499:
5496:
5495:
5493:
5492:
5487:
5482:
5477:
5471:
5469:
5460:
5454:
5453:
5451:
5450:
5445:
5440:
5435:
5430:
5425:
5420:
5418:Franco Pratesi
5415:
5410:
5405:
5400:
5395:
5390:
5385:
5380:
5375:
5370:
5368:Sekiryo Kaneda
5365:
5360:
5355:
5350:
5345:
5340:
5335:
5330:
5325:
5320:
5315:
5310:
5305:
5299:
5297:
5296:Notable people
5293:
5292:
5289:
5288:
5286:
5285:
5280:
5275:
5270:
5265:
5260:
5255:
5249:
5247:
5243:
5242:
5240:
5239:
5234:
5228:
5226:
5222:
5221:
5219:
5218:
5213:
5208:
5203:
5198:
5193:
5188:
5183:
5178:
5173:
5168:
5163:
5158:
5153:
5148:
5143:
5138:
5133:
5127:
5125:
5118:
5112:
5111:
5108:
5107:
5105:
5104:
5101:
5095:
5090:
5084:
5082:
5076:
5075:
5073:
5072:
5071:
5070:
5062:
5057:
5052:
5047:
5041:
5039:
5023:
5022:
5020:
5019:
5014:
5008:
5006:
5002:
5001:
4999:
4998:
4993:
4987:
4985:
4979:
4978:
4976:
4975:
4969:
4967:
4958:
4954:
4953:
4951:
4950:
4945:
4940:
4935:
4930:
4925:
4924:
4923:
4916:
4906:
4905:
4904:
4899:
4894:
4884:
4879:
4873:
4871:
4867:
4866:
4864:
4863:
4856:
4849:
4844:
4839:
4834:
4829:
4822:
4821:
4820:
4813:
4806:
4803:Hyakunin Isshu
4799:
4785:
4784:
4783:
4769:
4764:
4759:
4751:
4749:
4741:
4740:
4737:
4736:
4734:
4733:
4731:Transformation
4728:
4726:Stuttgart pack
4723:
4718:
4713:
4711:Jerry's Nugget
4708:
4701:
4696:
4691:
4686:
4681:
4673:
4671:
4670:Specific decks
4667:
4666:
4664:
4663:
4658:
4653:
4648:
4647:
4646:
4636:
4631:
4630:
4629:
4624:
4613:
4611:
4607:
4606:
4604:
4603:
4598:
4593:
4588:
4582:
4580:
4566:
4558:
4557:
4550:
4549:
4542:
4535:
4527:
4520:
4519:
4511:Martin, Gary.
4503:
4488:
4475:www.wopc.co.uk
4461:
4448:www.wopc.co.uk
4434:
4421:www.wopc.co.uk
4407:
4394:www.wopc.co.uk
4380:
4367:www.wopc.co.uk
4353:
4327:
4314:www.wopc.co.uk
4300:
4287:"Kartenbilder"
4278:
4259:
4251:Parlett, David
4243:
4233:McLeod, John.
4226:
4219:
4201:
4191:
4173:
4163:
4145:
4135:McLeod, John.
4128:
4107:
4089:
4076:
4050:
4037:
4016:
4010:Wintle, Adam.
4003:
3993:McLeod, John.
3986:
3965:
3944:
3924:
3900:
3898:
3895:
3893:
3892:
3879:
3840:
3807:
3790:
3761:
3740:
3719:
3714:Swiss-German:
3707:
3702:Swiss-German:
3695:
3690:Swiss-German:
3683:
3678:Swiss-German:
3671:
3661:
3648:
3639:
3630:
3613:
3600:
3590:
3588:
3585:
3583:
3582:
3577:
3572:
3567:
3561:
3559:
3556:
3552:to follow suit
3532:
3529:
3516:
3515:
3509:renderization.
3486:
3485:
3482:
3479:
3476:
3473:
3466:
3465:
3462:
3459:
3456:
3453:
3444:
3443:
3439:
3436:
3432:
3429:
3425:
3422:
3418:
3415:
3411:
3410:
3407:
3404:
3401:
3398:
3391:
3390:
3387:
3384:
3383:Red Heart Suit
3381:
3378:
3371:
3370:
3367:
3364:
3361:
3358:
3349:
3348:
3344:
3341:
3337:
3334:
3330:
3327:
3323:
3320:
3276:Main article:
3273:
3270:
3269:
3268:
3267:
3266:
3259:
3249:
3246:
3232:
3229:
3206:
3203:
3176:The Bottle Imp
3172:Flaschenteufel
3160:
3157:
3154:
3153:
3151:
3149:
3142:
3135:
3133:
3126:
3119:
3112:
3105:
3102:
3098:
3097:
3095:
3093:
3086:
3079:
3077:
3070:
3063:
3056:
3049:
3046:
3039:
3038:
3036:
3034:
3027:
3020:
3018:
3011:
3004:
3002:
2995:
2992:
2988:
2987:
2985:
2983:
2981:
2974:
2972:
2965:
2958:
2951:
2944:
2941:
2937:
2936:
2929:
2927:
2925:
2923:
2921:
2914:
2907:
2905:
2898:
2895:
2888:
2887:
2885:
2883:
2881:
2874:
2872:
2865:
2863:
2856:
2849:
2846:
2842:
2841:
2834:
2832:
2830:
2823:
2821:
2814:
2812:
2810:
2803:
2800:
2796:
2795:
2793:
2786:
2779:
2772:
2765:
2758:
2751:
2744:
2737:
2734:
2730:
2729:
2727:
2725:
2723:
2716:
2714:
2707:
2700:
2698:
2691:
2688:
2678:
2677:
2675:
2673:
2666:
2659:
2657:
2650:
2648:
2646:
2639:
2636:
2632:
2631:
2629:
2627:
2625:
2618:
2616:
2609:
2607:
2605:
2598:
2595:
2589:
2588:
2581:
2576:
2573:
2570:
2565:
2562:
2559:
2552:
2549:
2546:
2532:
2529:
2526:
2525:
2522:
2519:
2516:
2513:
2510:
2503:
2502:
2499:
2496:
2493:
2490:
2487:
2484:
2480:
2479:
2476:
2473:
2470:
2467:
2464:
2460:
2459:
2458:Hunting horns
2456:
2453:
2450:
2447:
2444:
2438:
2437:
2434:
2431:
2428:
2425:
2422:
2416:
2415:
2412:
2409:
2408:Beasts of prey
2406:
2401:
2398:
2395:
2388:
2387:
2384:
2381:
2378:
2375:
2372:
2369:
2355:
2354:
2351:
2348:
2345:
2342:
2338:
2337:
2334:
2331:
2328:
2325:
2322:
2315:
2314:
2311:
2308:
2305:
2302:
2299:
2295:
2294:
2291:
2288:
2285:
2282:
2280:
2273:
2272:
2269:
2266:
2263:
2260:
2257:
2250:
2249:
2246:
2243:
2240:
2237:
2235:
2231:
2230:
2227:
2224:
2221:
2218:
2215:
2208:
2207:
2204:
2201:
2198:
2195:
2192:
2185:
2184:
2181:
2178:
2175:
2172:
2169:
2166:
2162:
2161:
2158:
2155:
2152:
2149:
2146:
2143:
2135:
2134:
2131:
2128:
2125:
2122:
2119:
2116:
2108:
2107:
2104:
2101:
2098:
2095:
2088:
2087:
2084:
2081:
2078:
2075:
2072:
2065:
2064:
2061:
2058:
2055:
2052:
2049:
2043:
2042:
2039:
2036:
2033:
2030:
2027:
2025:Stuttgart pack
2021:
2020:
2017:
2014:
2011:
2008:
2005:
2001:
2000:
1997:
1994:
1991:
1988:
1985:
1978:
1977:
1974:
1971:
1968:
1961:
1960:
1957:
1954:
1951:
1948:
1945:
1942:
1925:
1922:
1920:
1917:
1882:The aces of a
1875:
1872:
1871:
1870:
1859:
1844:
1782:
1779:
1776:
1775:
1769:
1763:
1758:
1753:
1748:
1742:
1741:
1735:
1730:
1725:
1720:
1714:
1713:
1711:
1700:
1689:
1678:
1667:
1655:
1654:
1652:
1646:
1635:
1624:
1613:
1601:
1600:
1598:
1583:
1578:
1573:
1568:
1562:
1561:
1555:
1550:
1545:
1540:
1535:
1529:
1528:
1522:
1511:
1506:
1501:
1496:
1490:
1489:
1486:
1483:
1463:
1460:
1456:unchosen suits
1439:
1436:
1414:
1411:
1395:
1392:
1390:
1387:
1384:
1383:
1374:
1365:
1356:
1347:
1338:
1329:
1320:
1311:
1302:
1293:
1284:
1275:
1269:
1268:
1265:
1262:
1259:
1256:
1245:
1239:
1238:
1221:
1204:
1187:
1170:
1153:
1147:
1146:
1135:
1134:
1133:
1132:
1131:
1127:
1116:
1115:
1114:
1113:
1112:
1108:
1097:
1096:
1095:
1094:
1093:
1089:
1078:
1077:
1076:
1075:
1074:
1070:
1064:
1063:
1059:
1058:
1041:
1024:
1011:
994:
988:
987:
974:
961:
948:
935:
929:
928:
915:
902:
889:
876:
870:
869:
865:
864:
847:
830:
813:
796:
790:
789:
772:
755:
738:
721:
715:
714:
697:
680:
663:
646:
640:
639:
635:
634:
631:
624:
621:
618:
617:
614:
611:
606:
600:
599:
596:
593:
588:
582:
581:
578:
575:
570:
568:Swords, blades
564:
563:
560:
557:
552:
546:
545:
542:
539:
536:
519:
516:
514:
511:
470:
467:
415:
412:
387:
386:
380:
377:
354:
351:
343:in the 1370s.
220:
217:
192:
189:
131:with suits of
71:, you may see
59:
52:
51:
50:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
6021:
6010:
6007:
6005:
6004:Playing cards
6002:
6000:
5997:
5996:
5994:
5978:
5969:
5960:
5951:
5942:
5933:
5924:
5916:
5906:
5905:
5901:
5898:
5897:
5896:Playing Cards
5893:
5891:
5890:
5886:
5885:
5883:
5879:
5874:
5873:
5869:
5867:
5866:
5862:
5860:
5859:
5855:
5853:
5852:
5848:
5846:
5845:
5841:
5839:
5838:
5834:
5832:
5831:
5827:
5825:
5824:
5820:
5818:
5817:
5813:
5811:
5810:
5806:
5804:
5803:
5799:
5797:
5793:
5790:
5788:Art and media
5786:
5780:
5777:
5775:
5772:
5770:
5767:
5765:
5762:
5758:
5755:
5753:
5750:
5748:
5745:
5744:
5743:
5740:
5738:
5735:
5733:
5732:
5728:
5724:
5721:
5719:
5716:
5714:
5711:
5709:
5706:
5705:
5703:
5700:
5698:
5695:
5693:
5690:
5688:
5685:
5683:
5682:Herrmann pass
5680:
5678:
5677:
5673:
5671:
5668:
5666:
5663:
5661:
5660:Cardistry-Con
5658:
5654:
5651:
5650:
5649:
5648:Card throwing
5646:
5644:
5641:
5639:
5636:
5634:
5631:
5630:
5622:
5619:
5617:
5614:
5612:
5609:
5607:
5604:
5602:
5599:
5597:
5594:
5592:
5589:
5587:
5584:
5582:
5579:
5577:
5573:
5570:
5568:
5563:
5559:
5553:
5550:
5548:
5545:
5543:
5540:
5536:
5535:
5531:
5530:
5529:
5526:
5524:
5521:
5519:
5516:
5514:
5511:
5509:
5506:
5504:
5503:52 Plus Joker
5501:
5500:
5491:
5488:
5486:
5483:
5481:
5478:
5476:
5473:
5472:
5470:
5468:
5464:
5461:
5459:organisations
5455:
5449:
5446:
5444:
5441:
5439:
5436:
5434:
5431:
5429:
5426:
5424:
5421:
5419:
5416:
5414:
5411:
5409:
5406:
5404:
5403:David Parlett
5401:
5399:
5396:
5394:
5391:
5389:
5386:
5384:
5381:
5379:
5376:
5374:
5371:
5369:
5366:
5364:
5361:
5359:
5356:
5354:
5351:
5349:
5348:Lennart Green
5346:
5344:
5343:S. W. Erdnase
5341:
5339:
5336:
5334:
5331:
5329:
5326:
5324:
5321:
5319:
5316:
5314:
5311:
5309:
5306:
5304:
5301:
5300:
5298:
5294:
5284:
5281:
5279:
5276:
5274:
5271:
5269:
5266:
5264:
5261:
5259:
5256:
5254:
5251:
5250:
5248:
5244:
5238:
5235:
5233:
5230:
5229:
5227:
5223:
5217:
5214:
5212:
5209:
5207:
5204:
5202:
5199:
5197:
5194:
5192:
5191:Oishi Tengudo
5189:
5187:
5184:
5182:
5179:
5177:
5174:
5172:
5169:
5167:
5164:
5162:
5159:
5157:
5156:France Cartes
5154:
5152:
5149:
5147:
5144:
5142:
5139:
5137:
5134:
5132:
5129:
5128:
5126:
5124:Manufacturers
5122:
5119:
5115:Manufacturers
5113:
5102:
5099:
5096:
5094:
5091:
5089:
5086:
5085:
5083:
5081:
5077:
5069:
5066:
5065:
5063:
5061:
5058:
5056:
5053:
5051:
5048:
5046:
5043:
5042:
5040:
5037:
5033:
5029:
5024:
5018:
5015:
5013:
5010:
5009:
5007:
5003:
4997:
4994:
4992:
4989:
4988:
4986:
4984:
4980:
4974:
4971:
4970:
4968:
4966:
4962:
4959:
4955:
4949:
4946:
4944:
4941:
4939:
4938:Stripped deck
4936:
4934:
4931:
4929:
4926:
4922:
4921:
4917:
4915:
4912:
4911:
4910:
4907:
4903:
4900:
4898:
4895:
4893:
4890:
4889:
4888:
4885:
4883:
4880:
4878:
4875:
4874:
4872:
4868:
4862:
4861:
4857:
4855:
4854:
4850:
4848:
4845:
4843:
4840:
4838:
4835:
4833:
4830:
4828:
4827:
4823:
4819:
4818:
4814:
4812:
4811:
4807:
4805:
4804:
4800:
4798:
4797:
4793:
4792:
4791:
4790:
4786:
4782:
4781:
4777:
4776:
4775:
4774:
4770:
4768:
4765:
4763:
4760:
4758:
4757:
4753:
4752:
4750:
4748:
4742:
4732:
4729:
4727:
4724:
4722:
4719:
4717:
4714:
4712:
4709:
4707:
4706:
4705:Hofämterspiel
4702:
4700:
4697:
4695:
4692:
4690:
4687:
4685:
4682:
4680:
4679:
4675:
4674:
4672:
4668:
4662:
4659:
4657:
4654:
4652:
4649:
4645:
4642:
4641:
4640:
4637:
4635:
4632:
4628:
4627:Ace of hearts
4625:
4623:
4622:Ace of spades
4620:
4619:
4618:
4615:
4614:
4612:
4608:
4602:
4599:
4597:
4594:
4592:
4589:
4587:
4584:
4583:
4581:
4578:
4574:
4570:
4567:
4565:
4559:
4555:
4554:Playing cards
4548:
4543:
4541:
4536:
4534:
4529:
4528:
4525:
4514:
4507:
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4340:MetMuseum.org
4337:
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4103:
4096:
4094:
4086:
4083:Meyer, Huck.
4080:
4065:(in Japanese)
4064:
4060:
4054:
4047:
4044:Gjerde, Tor.
4041:
4033:
4029:
4028:
4020:
4013:
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3634:
3627:
3623:
3617:
3610:
3604:
3595:
3591:
3581:
3578:
3576:
3575:Stripped deck
3573:
3571:
3568:
3566:
3563:
3562:
3555:
3553:
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3544:
3542:
3538:
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3342:
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3328:
3321:
3318:
3317:
3311:
3309:
3305:
3301:
3297:
3293:
3289:
3285:
3284:digital media
3279:
3264:
3260:
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2477:
2474:
2471:
2468:
2465:
2462:
2461:
2457:
2455:Gaming nooses
2454:
2451:
2448:
2445:
2443:
2440:
2439:
2435:
2432:
2429:
2426:
2423:
2421:
2420:Hofämterspiel
2418:
2417:
2413:
2410:
2407:
2405:
2402:
2399:
2396:
2394:
2390:
2389:
2385:
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2329:
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2317:
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2309:
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2303:
2300:
2297:
2296:
2292:
2289:
2286:
2283:
2281:
2279:
2275:
2274:
2271:Pomegranates
2270:
2267:
2264:
2261:
2258:
2256:
2252:
2251:
2247:
2244:
2241:
2238:
2236:
2233:
2232:
2228:
2225:
2222:
2219:
2217:1585 and 1588
2216:
2214:
2210:
2209:
2205:
2202:
2199:
2196:
2193:
2191:
2187:
2186:
2182:
2179:
2176:
2173:
2170:
2167:
2164:
2163:
2159:
2156:
2153:
2150:
2147:
2144:
2141:
2140:Thomas Murner
2137:
2136:
2132:
2129:
2126:
2123:
2120:
2117:
2114:
2113:Thomas Murner
2110:
2109:
2105:
2102:
2099:
2096:
2094:
2090:
2089:
2085:
2082:
2079:
2076:
2073:
2071:
2067:
2066:
2062:
2059:
2056:
2053:
2050:
2048:
2045:
2044:
2040:
2037:
2034:
2031:
2028:
2026:
2023:
2022:
2018:
2015:
2012:
2009:
2006:
2003:
2002:
1998:
1995:
1992:
1989:
1986:
1984:
1980:
1979:
1975:
1972:
1969:
1967:
1963:
1962:
1958:
1955:
1952:
1949:
1946:
1943:
1940:
1939:
1933:
1931:
1916:
1914:
1910:
1905:
1904:
1898:
1892:
1885:
1880:
1868:
1864:
1860:
1857:
1856:
1851:
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1842:
1838:
1834:
1833:
1832:
1830:
1826:
1822:
1818:
1813:
1811:
1807:
1802:
1800:
1796:
1792:
1788:
1774:
1767:
1759:
1754:
1749:
1744:
1743:
1739:
1731:
1726:
1721:
1716:
1715:
1712:
1710:
1704:
1698:
1690:
1687:
1679:
1676:
1668:
1665:
1657:
1656:
1653:
1650:
1644:
1636:
1633:
1625:
1622:
1614:
1611:
1603:
1602:
1599:
1597:
1592:
1587:
1579:
1574:
1569:
1564:
1563:
1554:
1546:
1541:
1536:
1531:
1530:
1521:occasionally
1520:
1515:
1507:
1502:
1497:
1492:
1491:
1487:
1484:
1478:
1475:
1472:
1470:
1459:
1457:
1453:
1449:
1445:
1442:Games of the
1435:
1433:
1428:
1424:
1420:
1413:Special suits
1410:
1407:
1406:
1401:
1381:
1375:
1372:
1366:
1363:
1357:
1354:
1348:
1345:
1339:
1336:
1330:
1327:
1321:
1318:
1312:
1309:
1303:
1300:
1294:
1291:
1285:
1282:
1276:
1274:
1270:
1252:
1246:
1244:
1240:
1234:
1228:
1222:
1217:
1211:
1205:
1200:
1194:
1188:
1183:
1177:
1171:
1166:
1160:
1154:
1152:
1148:
1139:
1128:
1120:
1109:
1101:
1090:
1082:
1071:
1069:
1065:
1062:Karuta suits
1060:
1054:
1049:
1045:
1042:
1037:
1032:
1028:
1025:
1020:
1015:
1012:
1007:
1002:
998:
995:
993:
989:
983:
978:
975:
970:
965:
962:
957:
952:
949:
944:
939:
936:
934:
930:
924:
919:
916:
911:
906:
903:
898:
893:
890:
885:
880:
877:
875:
871:
866:
860:
854:
848:
843:
837:
831:
826:
820:
814:
809:
803:
797:
795:
791:
785:
779:
773:
768:
762:
756:
751:
745:
739:
734:
728:
722:
720:
716:
710:
704:
698:
693:
687:
681:
676:
670:
664:
659:
653:
647:
645:
641:
636:
629:
628:
615:
612:
610:
607:
605:
602:
601:
597:
594:
592:
589:
587:
584:
583:
579:
576:
574:
571:
569:
566:
565:
561:
558:
556:
553:
551:
548:
547:
543:
540:
537:
534:
533:
530:
527:
525:
510:
508:
503:
498:
496:
492:
488:
484:
480:
476:
466:
460:
452:
444:
436:
429:
425:
421:
411:
408:
404:
400:
396:
392:
384:
381:
378:
375:
371:
367:
363:
359:
355:
352:
349:
348:
347:
344:
342:
338:
333:
331:
327:
322:
320:
316:
312:
308:
302:
294:
288:
283:
281:
277:
276:
271:
270:
265:
264:
259:
255:
251:
249:
244:
240:
237:The earliest
234:
230:
226:
216:
214:
210:
206:
202:
198:
188:
186:
182:
178:
174:
171:with Acorns,
170:
166:
162:
158:
154:
150:
146:
142:
138:
134:
130:
126:
122:
118:
114:
110:
105:
103:
99:
95:
91:
87:
83:
82:playing cards
74:
70:
66:
64:
56:
45:
30:
26:
21:
5980:}}
5977:Occult tarot
5974:{{
5971:}}
5965:{{
5962:}}
5956:{{
5953:}}
5947:{{
5944:}}
5938:{{
5935:}}
5929:{{
5926:}}
5920:{{
5902:
5894:
5887:
5870:
5863:
5856:
5849:
5842:
5835:
5828:
5821:
5814:
5807:
5802:The Acrobats
5800:
5729:
5697:One-way deck
5674:
5638:Card marking
5616:Spelling Bee
5532:
5428:Juan Tamariz
5333:Dan and Dave
5323:Derren Brown
5318:David Blaine
5253:Aspioti-ELKA
5201:Ravensburger
4918:
4858:
4851:
4824:
4815:
4808:
4801:
4794:
4787:
4778:
4771:
4754:
4703:
4676:
4572:
4564:52-card deck
4506:
4497:
4491:
4479:. Retrieved
4474:
4464:
4452:. Retrieved
4447:
4437:
4425:. Retrieved
4420:
4410:
4398:. Retrieved
4393:
4383:
4371:. Retrieved
4366:
4356:
4346:September 4,
4344:. Retrieved
4339:
4330:
4318:. Retrieved
4313:
4303:
4291:. Retrieved
4281:
4268:
4262:
4246:
4229:
4210:
4204:
4196:
4182:
4176:
4168:
4154:
4148:
4131:
4122:
4116:
4110:
4101:
4079:
4067:. Retrieved
4062:
4053:
4040:
4031:
4025:
4019:
4006:
3989:
3980:
3974:
3968:
3959:
3953:
3947:
3932:McLeod, John
3927:
3912:
3904:
3882:
3870:
3866:
3860:
3856:
3852:
3843:
3835:
3831:
3827:
3823:
3819:
3815:
3810:
3802:
3798:
3793:
3785:
3781:
3777:
3773:
3769:
3764:
3756:
3752:
3748:
3743:
3735:
3731:
3727:
3722:
3715:
3710:
3703:
3698:
3691:
3686:
3679:
3674:
3664:
3651:
3642:
3633:
3616:
3603:
3594:
3551:
3547:
3545:
3540:
3536:
3534:
3519:
3511:
3498:
3489:
3469:
3448:
3438:U+2667 (9831
3431:U+2662 (9826
3424:U+2661 (9825
3417:U+2664 (9828
3409:♣
3403:♥
3400:♠
3394:
3374:
3353:
3343:U+2663 (9827
3336:U+2666 (9830
3329:U+2665 (9829
3322:U+2660 (9824
3300:Web standard
3281:
3219:World War II
3208:
3198:
3194:
3186:
3184:
3179:
3171:
3169:
3162:
2534:
2469:Pomegranates
2446:c. 1475-1480
2386:Other Suits
2358:
2194:c. 1536-1539
2097:16th century
2074:c. 1540-1545
2070:Virgil Solis
2051:c. 1440-1445
2029:c. 1427-1431
2007:c. 1433-1451
1959:Other Suits
1927:
1900:
1894:
1866:
1862:
1853:
1847:
1840:
1836:
1828:
1824:
1820:
1814:
1803:
1784:
1768:for scoring
1591:Five Hundred
1473:
1465:
1448:chosen suits
1441:
1438:Chosen suits
1416:
1403:
1397:
1226:
1209:
1192:
1175:
1158:
1151:Unsun Karuta
874:Swiss-German
852:
835:
818:
801:
777:
760:
743:
726:
702:
685:
668:
651:
528:
521:
507:Major Arcana
499:
472:
458:
450:
442:
434:
431:
388:
366:Unsun Karuta
345:
337:Mamluk Egypt
334:
323:
287:Central Asia
284:
279:
273:
267:
261:
252:
236:
213:French suits
194:
109:French suits
106:
85:
79:
60:
31:: diamonds (
5889:Card Sharks
5779:Trick decks
5670:Double lift
5611:Rising Card
5393:Anton Moser
5388:John McLeod
5373:René Lavand
5328:Lewis Cohen
5308:Hubert Auer
5283:Waddingtons
5278:Lewis Cohen
5161:F.X. Schmid
4957:Other suits
4745:Other packs
4721:Politicards
4293:12 December
4125:(2): 84–89.
4069:2 September
3962:(1): 34–41.
3548:strong suit
3503:web browser
3406:♦
2452:Dog tethers
2449:Dog collars
2093:Upper Rhine
1771:3, 2, 1, 0
1766:Ninety-nine
1068:Komatsufuda
535:Latin suit
469:Tarot cards
370:Komatsufuda
65:characters.
5999:Card suits
5993:Categories
5769:Spoke card
5718:mechanic's
5713:magician's
5704:and grips
5643:Card sharp
5457:Groups and
5443:Dai Vernon
5313:Bryan Berg
5136:Cartamundi
5117:and brands
5100:of Strings
5036:Portuguese
4887:Court card
4847:Tarot pack
4817:uta-garuta
4481:August 31,
4454:August 31,
4427:August 31,
4400:August 31,
4373:August 31,
4320:August 31,
4271:. London:
4192:0312241399
4164:0738701602
3897:References
3772:(leaves),
3657:face cards
3622:Edo period
3231:Diamonds (
3045:, Level 8
2508:Jost Amman
2498:Columbines
2495:Carnations
2100:Carnations
1911:after the
1889:See also:
1799:Spoil Five
1649:Préférence
1481:High → low
1048:(Diamonds)
794:Portuguese
613:Merchants
502:divination
481:, to play
272:of Coins,
239:card games
185:Tarot card
94:face cards
5795:Paintings
5752:Gilbreath
5742:Shuffling
5708:gambler's
5567:cardistry
5363:Ricky Jay
5303:Lee Asher
5263:C.L. Wüst
5146:Dal Negro
5064:Japanese
4933:Nicknames
4747:and decks
4661:Beer card
4562:Standard
4239:pagat.com
4141:pagat.com
3999:pagat.com
3940:pagat.com
3780:(grass),
3776:(green),
3751:(heart),
3730:(acorn),
3537:in spades
3490:UTF codes
3414:UTF code:
3319:UTF code:
3263:506th PIR
3256:502nd PIR
3239:501st PIR
3165:Taj Mahal
2940:Sticheln
2733:UNO Flip
2213:Frankfurt
2086:Peacocks
1806:blackjack
1586:Preferans
1488:Mnemonic
559:Artisans
383:Minchiate
175:, yellow
98:card game
23:The four
5378:Ed Marlo
5181:Nintendo
5151:Fournier
4909:Pip card
4826:Kvitlech
4810:kabufuda
4796:hanafuda
4689:Charruan
4596:Diamonds
3983:(1): 51.
3871:schoppen
3867:Schippen
3859:meaning
3834:meaning
3826:meaning
3818:meaning
3799:Schellen
3797:German:
3768:German:
3747:German:
3726:German:
3716:Schellen
3704:Schilten
3626:Nagasaki
3558:See also
3248:Hearts (
2686:Phase 10
2518:Ink pads
2506:Pack by
2404:Wild men
2391:Pack by
2293:Parrots
2253:Pack by
2188:Pack by
2183:Shields
2138:Pack by
2111:Pack by
2068:Pack by
2041:Falcons
1990:Feathers
1596:Thirteen
1273:Hanafuda
1243:Kabufuda
1031:(Spades)
544:Faculty
538:Element
453:(hearts
443:carreaux
407:Kabufuda
403:Hanafuda
364:and the
248:Tien Gow
125:Diamonds
5665:Cutting
5273:Dondorf
5246:Defunct
5237:Grimaud
5232:Bicycle
5196:Piatnik
5176:Modiano
5098:Myriads
5032:Spanish
5028:Italian
5026:Latin (
4991:Shields
4948:Unicode
4842:Russian
4780:ganjapa
4773:Ganjifa
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3828:flowers
3820:clovers
3816:trèfles
3521:Unicode
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63:Unicode
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1983:Basel
1976:Keys
1966:Basel
1855:minor
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609:Earth
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5565:and
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5088:Cash
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4920:Weli
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1915:.
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1267:—
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301:十
293:万
75:.
37:♥
33:♦
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