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68:
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abilities. In most cases, multiple instances of the same keyword on an object have no additional effect. Keywords can be classified into two different types: Evergreen or
Mechanics. Evergreen keywords "can appear in absolutely any set, since its gameplay effects and flavor are flexible and generic enough to fit anywhere. Effects like trample, flying, deathtouch, first strike and haste are examples of this". Abilities classified as Mechanics are rotated in and out of the game as various expansions are released.
405:
Wastes), one for each color (plus Wastes for colorless). These lands can each be tapped to produce one mana of the appropriate color. Other lands are non-basic and may produce other combinations or amounts of mana, or may have other abilities. Playing a land does not use the stack and therefore occurs immediately, with no way for any player to stop it. Players are allowed to have any number of basic lands in a deck, whereas all other cards are limited to a maximum of four copies per deck.
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swamped' or pulling out mostly basic mana cards and not enough spell cards to attack. The opposite can also happen where players become 'mana starved' and have too little mana to play their spell cards. There are a number of ways the calculate or estimate this more specifically, but a quick rule of thumb is that basic mana should make up approximately one-third of their
585:: the defending player chooses which creatures they will block with. A creature must be untapped in order for it to block. Each creature can only block a single attacker, but multiple defending creatures can block the same attacker. Both players are given a chance to cast instants and activate abilities after blockers have been declared.
751:
simultaneously as they were in earlier editions. Spells were now announced in 'batches'. However, over the next year it became clear to
Wizards of the Coast that the game needed a more detailed rulebook. This led to the development of the Comprehensive Rules which were introduced in mid-1995 with the
480:
is a "planeswalker", a wizard who can travel ("walk") between different realms or universes ("planes"); as such, planeswalker cards are meant to represent scaled-down versions of other players, with their decks represented by the card's abilities, and originally were designed to move through a roster
413:
Creatures represent people or beasts that are summoned to the battlefield to attack opposing creatures or players and defend their controller from the attacks of enemy creatures. Creatures have two values that represent their strength in combat, printed on the lower right-hand corner of the card. The
435:
Artifacts represent magical items, animated constructs, pieces of equipment, or other objects and devices. Like enchantments, artifacts remain on the battlefield until something removes them. Some artifacts are
Equipment. Each equipment has a Equip cost, which a player can pay to give that equipment
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Land cards tap to produce mana that is used to cast spells and activate abilities. They cost no mana to play; however, a player may play no more than one land per turn, and only during the main phases of their own turn. There are six types of basic lands (Plains, Island, Swamp, Mountain, Forest, and
83:
involves two or more players who are engaged in a battle acting as powerful wizards, known as
Planeswalkers. Each player has their own deck of cards, either one previously constructed or made from a limited pool of cards for the event. A player typically starts the game with a "life total" of twenty
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core set. Several rule changes were made with the goal of making the game terminology more flavorful such as renaming the "in play-zone" to "battlefield". The main change was that combat stopped using the stack, a change that was considered by many veterans of the game to reduce the strategic depth
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core set in 1999. Instead of spells resolving as complete batches players could now interact on the "stack" at any point, interrupts were removed from the game, combat damage used the stack, and the rules deactivating tapped artifacts and preventing tapped blockers from dealing damage were removed.
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Enchantments represent persistent magical effects; they are spells that remain on the battlefield and alter some aspect of the game. Some enchantments are attached to other cards on the battlefield (often creatures); these are known as Auras. These enchantments affect that card in some way, and are
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When a player casts a spell or activates an ability, it does not immediately take effect. Instead, it is placed on the stack, allowing other players to respond to the ability. Most activated abilities, as well as instant spells, can be used on anybody's turn as responses in this manner. Each new
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The combat phase is split into five steps. Aside from instants, activated abilities, and spells that are specifically noted as being able to be played at any time (e.g., creatures with flash), players may not cast spells during combat. Multiple creatures may attack at the same time, but the turn
207:
Each player uses their own deck to play the game. In most formats, a deck must have a minimum of 60 cards; there is no maximum deck size, but a player must be able to shuffle their deck without assistance. Some formats have exceptions or additional limitations to the above rules. In tournaments,
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streamlined many cards, introduced or clarified many terms, removed "the need for multiple artifact types" and "introduced the tap symbol". It also introduced the system of timing that is in similar form still used in the game today: LIFO ("last in, first out"), instead of spells being resolved
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commented that "One of the more important aspects of constructing a deck is the mana ratio. This ratio determines how many basic land cards players will need in their deck in order to 'cast' spell cards for combat and defense when playing a game. Too much mana can lead to players becoming 'mana
354:
Some cards have abilities that are not fully explained on the card. These are known as "keyword" abilities, and consist of a word or phrase whose meaning is defined by the rules. Keyword abilities are usually given reminder text in the set in which they are introduced. There are over forty such
235:
formats in 2019. In turn order, each player may decide to mulligan; that player shuffles their hand and library together and draws a new hand of seven cards. A player can do this as many times as they wish. They then put a card on the bottom of their library for each time they took a mulligan.
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The main phase occurs immediately after the draw step; in this phase, the player has option to put cards onto the field. They may play any card from their hand unless that card specifies otherwise, and as long as they have the mana to pay its casting cost. This includes creature, planeswalker,
181:
Deck building requires strategy, as players must choose among thousands of cards which they want to play. This requires players to evaluate the power of their cards, as well as the possible synergies between them, and their possible interactions with the cards they expect to play against. This
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of effects without player control, as though they had a mind of their own. Most planeswalkers are legendary and subject to the "legend rule" - if a player controls more than one legendary planeswalker with the same name, that player chooses one and puts the other into their owner's graveyard.
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per turn, and only on its controller's turn during their main phases. An amount of loyalty counters are also removed equal to any damage the planeswalker takes. A planeswalker with no loyalty counters, either through use of its abilities or through damage, is put into the player's graveyard.
488:, which is tracked with counters. Planeswalkers' loyalty abilities each have a positive or negative loyalty cost; this is how many counters must be added (if positive) or removed (if negative) to activate that ability. Regardless of the loyalty costs, a single planeswalker may only use
804:'s discretion. These limitations are usually for balance of power reasons, but have been occasionally made because of gameplay mechanics. For example, with the elimination of the "play for ante" mechanic in all formal formats, all such cards with this feature are banned. During the
573:: Players have a chance to cast spells and activate abilities that may alter how combat progresses. As the most common example, only untapped creatures may attack, so the defending player may cast instants or activate abilities that will tap a creature, preventing it from attacking.
134:
Players have also invented many alternative formats for playing the game, some of which have been embraced by
Wizards of the Coast. Some of these formats utilize rules or sets of cards that differ from those used in sanctioned tournament play. One of the most popular formats of
627:: the active player discards down to their maximum hand size, then simultaneously, all damage marked on permanents is removed and all "until end of turn" and "this turn" effects end. Players can only take an action during the cleanup step if an ability triggers, which is rare.
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Planeswalkers are not creatures, so they cannot directly attack or block. Creatures can attack an opponent's planeswalkers rather than the opponent themselves. Those creatures may be blocked normally, but if not blocked deal damage to the planeswalker instead of the player.
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games and generated volumes of data of popular deck constructions, Wizards was able to track popular combinations more quickly than in a purely paper game, and in mid-2020, banned additional cards that in specific combinations could draw out games far longer than desired.
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a permanent as part of their cost, meaning that they cannot use the ability again for the remainder of the turn. A creature that attacks also gets tapped, but a creature that blocks does not. Furthermore, a tapped creature cannot be declared as an attacker or blocker.
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they can be cast. Sorceries may only be cast during the player's own main phases, and only when the stack is empty. Instants, on the other hand, can be cast at any time, including during other players' turns and while another spell or ability is waiting to resolve.
464:, there was another type of spell called an "Interrupt". Interrupts functioned similarly to instants in that they could be played at any time, however players could only respond to interrupts with other interrupts and could not use instants or activate abilities.
146:
Formats can further be divided by if they are
Constructed and Limited formats. Constructed formats require decks to be made prior to participation, with players allowed to use any tournament-legal cards they possess. Sanctioned Constructed formats include
690:
Most cards other than lands have a mana cost. This is the amount of mana that must be spent to cast that card as a spell. Cards can require mana of any color or combination of colors, including generic costs that can be paid with mana of any color.
222:
A player wins the game by eliminating all opponents. Players typically begin the game with 20 life and generally lose when their life total hits zero or they run out of cards in their deck, although there are other ways of losing the game.
131:: Tournament and Casual. The term "sanctioned" refers to formats that the Wizards Play Network allows to be run at official events. Officially sanctioned events can also add additional rules such as disallowing proxy cards.
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to one of their creatures, making the creature stronger. Unlike auras, which are destroyed when the object they are enchanting leaves play, equipment can be re-equipped by another creature if its original user leaves play.
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first number is the creature's power, the amount of damage it deals in combat. The second number is its toughness; if it receives that much damage in a single turn, the creature is destroyed and placed in the graveyard.
359:
highlighted that "most planes have some unique rules that are only relevant on cards from specific sets" and that "new mechanics are constantly added to shake things up and give the players new tools to work with".
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spell or ability is put on top of the stack, with the newest on top and the oldest at the bottom. When nobody has more spells or abilities to add, spells and abilities on the stack resolve in top-to-bottom order.
417:
Creatures are divided into creature types, such as "goblin" or "wizard". Creatures of the same type often synergize well with each other, causing players to build decks based entirely on one type of creature.
280:: A player's discard pile. Typically, "creatures, enchantments, and artifacts stay on the playing field whereas sorceries and instants are placed in your discard pile after casting their one-time effect".
770:
rules changed interrupts to work remarkably like instants, simplified the attack, and introduced several 'new' concepts that had never had formal names (including phase costs and triggered abilities)."
720:
other spells. These spells must be cast while the spells they will affect are still on the stack. If a spell is countered, it is moved from the stack to its owner's graveyard and does not resolve.
167:
products. Limited competition require players to select cards and build decks on the fly within the tournament itself. The primary two sanctioned
Limited formats are Sealed Deck and Booster Draft.
444:
Sorceries and instants both represent one-shot or short-term magical spells. They never enter the battlefield. Instead, they take effect and then are immediately put into their owner's graveyard.
59:, play various types of spells which require varying amounts and colors of mana, and attack their opponent to try and reduce their life total from the starting 20 to zero, thus winning the game.
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84:
and loses the game when their life total is reduced to zero. A player can also lose if they must draw from an empty deck. Some cards specify other ways to win or lose the game. One of the "
579:: the player whose turn it is declares which creatures they control will attack. Both players are given a chance to cast instants and activate abilities after attackers have been declared.
372:, that mana is put in their "mana pool". There are five colors of mana: white, blue, black, red and green. Mana can also be colorless. Mana in the mana pool can be used to pay costs.
182:"metagame" can vary in different locations or time periods. The choice of cards is usually narrowed by the player deciding which colors they want to include in the deck. Part of the
396:. Types of permanents include lands, creatures, enchantments, artifacts, and planeswalkers. In contrast, sorceries and instants go to the graveyard immediately after they are used.
120:
can be played. Each format provides additional rules for deck construction and gameplay, with many confining the pool of permitted cards to those released in a specified group of
538:: Then, any abilities that trigger on the "upkeep step" happen, starting with the player of the current turn. These often include cards that require mana payments every turn.
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databases. This included a card called "Invoke
Prejudice", which was displayed on the official card index site Gatherer "at a web URL ending in '1488', numbers that are
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product line has been starter decks which are aimed to provide novice players with ideas for deck building. Players expand their card library for deck building through
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Older cards have also been banned from all formal play by
Wizards due to inappropriate racial or cultural depictions in their text or illustrations in the wake of the
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621:: abilities that trigger "at the beginning of the end step" go on the stack. This is the last chance players have to cast instants or activate abilities this turn.
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No cards or abilities can be played during the untap step. During the upkeep and draw steps, however, players can cast instants and activate abilities as normal.
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also introduced on-card reminder text to keywords with the goal of helping beginners to learn the various keywords of the game more easily. The rules were
268:: A player's hidden hand of cards that can be played. If a player has more than seven cards in hand at the end of their turn, any extras must be discarded.
194:
set and defined by rarity. These rarities are known as Common, Uncommon, Rare, and Mythic Rare, with more powerful cards generally having higher rarities.
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591:: attacking and blocking creatures deal damage; if a creature has multiple blockers, that creature’s controller chooses which order they are damaged in.
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rules attempted to create a complete rulebook from which card interactions could be determined logically without the need for special-case rulings. "
327:: abilities that have a cost and an effect, which are separated using a colon. A player may activate such an ability at any time by paying the cost.
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2960:
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1105:
40:, and accompanied the first version of the game in 1993. The rules of Magic have been changed frequently over the years by the manufacturer,
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55:, and play each other. Players start by drawing a hand of seven cards and then take turns. In a turn a player can play one mana-producing
215:
At the beginning of a game, each player shuffles their deck and draws seven cards to form their starting hand. The players may choose to
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292:: Cards that have been exiled by specific effects are put here. Unlike the graveyard, exile is "the place where cards go when they're
1984:
1716:
Chatterjee, Krishnendu; Ibsen-Jensen, Rasmus (2016). "The
Complexity of Deciding Legality of a Single Step of Magic: The Gathering".
333:: Abilities that begin with the word "when", "whenever", or "at". Whenever the trigger event occurs, the ability is put on the stack.
909:
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606:
The second main phase is identical to the first; the player may cast spells and play a land (if they haven't played one already).
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of combat situations although it was generally accepted that in many cases the difference would not affect the combat situation.
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Individual cards may be listed as "restricted", where only one copy can be included in a deck, or simply "banned", at the
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and outline "special-case rulings". In April 1994, Wizards of the Coast made "the first attempt to formalize and simplify
544:: A player then draws a card. In two-player games, the player who takes the first turn does not draw a card for that turn.
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format, each players' commander is put here at the start of the game and returns when it leave the battlefield.
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140:
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The rules text on the cards was made more consistent, with some rules templated to achieve that consistency.
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all cards they control (unless otherwise stated by a card's effect) and they can be tapped again as normal.
88:
Golden Rules" is that "Whenever a card's text directly contradicts these rules, the card takes precedence".
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3002:
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163:. Limited formats, in contrast, utilize a restricted and unknown pool of cards, usually formed by opening
111:
17:
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1932:
597:: Nothing normally happens during this phase, although players have another opportunity to take actions.
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2014:
1489:
212:
containing up to 15 cards. Sideboard cards can be swapped for cards in the main deck in between games.
286:: This is the place for spells and abilities that have been cast or played, but have not yet resolved.
3792:
3252:
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262:: The portion of the player's deck that is kept face down and is normally in random order (shuffled).
1815:
1394:"Magic The Gathering Booster Packs Guide: Draft, Set, Theme And Collector's Booster Packs Explained"
723:
Playing lands and certain other special actions do not use the stack; they take effect immediately.
1569:
369:
1510:
557:
sorcery, instant, land, enchantment, and artifact cards. Players may play only one land per turn.
517:
officially labels its gameplay phases "as Begin, Main Phase, Combat, Second Main Phase, and End".
631:
After this phase is completed, the next active player starts their turn at the beginning phase.
102:, making it official when it catches on. Commander started as a fan-created format, after all".
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automatically put into the graveyard when the card they are enchanting leaves the battlefield.
216:
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8:
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44:, mostly in minor ways. However, major rules overhauls have also been done a few times.
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1365:
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3227:
3182:
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2535:
2394:"How to play Magic: The Gathering – your beginner's guide to mana, cards, and combat"
2079:
2069:
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805:
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209:
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symbol, which appears on cards to indicate that a certain skill requires the card's
3559:
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1342:
1286:
850:
37:
2528:
Generation Decks: the unofficial history of gaming phenomenon Magic: The Gathering
67:
3398:
3257:
3192:
2722:
2801:
Wylie, Tom (Fall 1994). "Murk dwellers: The Magic rules you've never heard of".
2692:"Magic: The Gathering's Worst Mechanic Was Banned to Avoid Gambling Accusations"
1449:
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3569:
3012:
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825:
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to be used. This is the first version of the symbol, printed on cards from the
2774:"Racist Magic: The Gathering cards banned, removed from database by publisher"
1467:
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3752:
3738:
3564:
3554:
3112:
2531:
2507:
2083:
1816:"Magic The Gathering: Everything You Need To Know About The Commander Format"
1596:"Magic: The Gathering will implement London Mulligan rule across all formats"
1370:
1121:
3584:
670:
187:
1985:"The 5 Mechanics You Need to Know to Play 'Magic the Gathering: Kaldheim'"
1887:
Biderman, Stella (2020). "Magic: The Gathering is as Hard as Arithmetic".
255:
At any given time, every card is located in one of the following "zones":
3632:
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3162:
3147:
2106:
1989:
1792:
695:
2223:"Magic: The Gathering - How Equipment Became the Premier Weapons of War"
1959:
1312:
1184:"Deckbuilding thrives in Magic: The Gathering's casual format Commander"
1106:"Platform Studies, Computational Essentialism, and Magic: The Gathering"
3403:
3157:
3107:
3102:
3017:
2938:
99:
2066:
Game Magic: A Designer's Guide to Magic Systems in Theory and Practice
3222:
3177:
2411:
339:: abilities written as statements, that modify the rules of the game.
1960:"How Scrying Became Magic: The Gathering's Newest Evergreen Keyword"
3262:
3212:
3207:
3167:
3137:
3132:
2437:""Magic: The Gathering" Comprehensive & "Oracle" Rules Changes"
2068:. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press, Taylor and Francis. pp. 105–110.
1937:
1893:
1635:
244:
51:
is a game where two players bring their own set of cards, called a
2864:
Moursund, Beth (April 1999). "Sixth Edition: one stack fits all".
1865:"Magic The Gathering: What Are Activated And Triggered Abilities?"
1490:"How To Build A Magic: The Gathering Standard Format 60-Card Deck"
1159:"Commander: The definitive history of Magic's most popular format"
644:
3376:
2135:
846:"Magic for the Masses: So You Want to Play Magic: The Gathering?"
735:
2611:"Magic: The Gathering - Early on, the Game Was Just Plain WEIRD"
3538:
3217:
3187:
3152:
2746:"Wizards of the Coast Bans 7 Racist Magic: The Gathering Cards"
1631:"How to play Magic the Gathering Arena: getting started in MTG"
1366:"Magic: The Gathering: A definitive guide to MtG for beginners"
1338:"Magic for the Masses: Standard Deck Construction on a Budget"
3745:
1511:"Magic: The Gathering - When & Why to Mulligan Your Hand"
231:
The London Mulligan rule was implemented for all competitive
820:, and their images have been blocked or removed from online
190:, which have a random distribution of cards from a specific
2718:"COVID-19 Is Making 'Magic: The Gathering' Change the Game"
758:
The Comprehensive Rules were again overhauled for the 1997
274:: Cards that are in play and actively influencing the game.
90:
2894:
Rose, Bill (May 1999). "Classic, Sixth edition, and you".
2041:"Magic: The Gathering's Head Designer Has A Damn Hard Job"
999:"'Mix and match' makes many kinds of Magic: The Gathering"
734:'s Comprehensive Rules aim to "stabilize the rules" with
2636:"Magic: The Gathering - Making Sense of the Legend Rule"
1933:"Magic the Gathering: Arena keyword abilities explained"
787:
The next major rules update was a decade later with the
143:
format which is technically a casual sanctioned format.
2131:"Magic: The Gathering 101 – Deck Building Fundamentals"
1208:"Magic: The Gathering's most popular formats explained"
1715:
910:"How to play Magic: The Gathering: A beginner's guide"
566:
player may only declare their list of attackers once.
392:
All objects that remain on the battlefield are called
127:. Formats are divided into two main categories by the
2015:"Magic: The Gathering Strixhaven Mechanics Explained"
1570:"Magic: The Gathering is Getting a New Mulligan Rule"
2909:
Catino, Charlie (May 1999). "Sixth edition tricks".
2240:
2238:
2236:
2183:"MTG: The Stack – what is it, and how does it work?"
1833:
1831:
1829:
678:
At the beginning of each player's turn, that player
94:
highlighted that the game has many variants; also, "
2275:"Magic The Gathering: What Are Planeswalker Cards?"
1545:"Magic: The Gathering Arena - the beginner's guide"
2247:"Old School Magic: Chapter 10 — Rules of the Road"
2102:"MTG basics: Introduction to Magic: The Gathering"
1689:"Magic The Gathering Turns Explained: Phase Guide"
1140:Americana: The Journal of American Popular Culture
2387:
2385:
2383:
2233:
2176:
2174:
2172:
2159:"What do Magic: The Gathering mana symbols mean?"
1826:
36:were originally developed by the game's creator,
3851:
2268:
2266:
2264:
2262:
2260:
525:The beginning phase is composed of three parts:
202:
1788:"How to Play 'Magic: The Gathering': The Stack"
1483:
1481:
668:Some spells or abilities require the player to
296:dead and can't be replayed back into the game".
3820:Destroy All Humans. They Can't Be Regenerated.
2380:
2169:
1432:"Magic: The Gathering card rarities explained"
1413:"Magic: The Gathering card rarities explained"
958:
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27:Overview of game play of Magic: The Gathering
2879:Moursund, Beth (May 1999). "Show and tell".
2505:Buehler, Randy (May 1999). "Final Fortune".
1764:"So You Want to Play 'Magic: The Gathering'"
1478:
1282:"Magic for the Masses: Drafting for Dummies"
962:
704:deck, or 20 to 24 cards in a 60-card deck".
484:Planeswalkers' abilities are based on their
368:When a player uses an ability that produces
2961:
2947:
2477:"Simple Rules are the Holy Grail of Magic"
1909:"Top 10 Evergreen Keywords by Abe Sargent"
1882:
1880:
1878:
1839:"Magic: The Gathering Comprehensive Rules"
1706:
1309:"A Beginners Guide to Magic the Gathering"
1081:"WotC Clarifies Proxy Position on 'Magic'"
927:
878:"Magic: The Gathering Comprehensive Rules"
460:Prior to the introduction of the stack in
2845:
2320:"Magic: The Gathering Planeswalker Rules"
2291:
2244:
1892:
1487:
996:
532:: A player untaps all cards they control.
439:
219:if they do not like their starting hand.
2968:
2878:
2863:
2204:"10 best tribes in Magic: The Gathering"
2099:
2038:
1886:
1363:
1261:
1026:"Magic: the Gathering® Tournament Rules"
685:
643:
639:
379:
243:
66:
2743:
2659:
2504:
2498:
2361:
2357:
2355:
2353:
2272:
1875:
1862:
1813:
1683:
1681:
1679:
1677:
1675:
1673:
1593:
1391:
1262:Mitchell, Ferguson (October 17, 2019).
1255:
1232:
1230:
1228:
1181:
1136:"Magic: The Gathering, A Literary Text"
116:There are various formats in which the
14:
3852:
2908:
2831:"The philosophy of the B&R list".
2767:
2765:
2605:
2603:
2470:
2468:
2466:
2464:
2462:
2460:
2458:
2456:
2434:
2351:
2349:
2347:
2345:
2343:
2341:
2339:
2337:
2335:
2333:
2220:
2156:
2125:
2123:
2095:
2093:
2063:
2009:
2007:
1757:
1755:
1671:
1669:
1667:
1665:
1663:
1661:
1659:
1657:
1655:
1653:
1539:
1537:
1535:
1533:
1531:
1429:
1410:
1103:
1057:. Wizards of the Coast. Archived from
808:which drew more players to the online
447:Sorceries and instants differ only in
3547:
2942:
2800:
2715:
2583:
2525:
2519:
2391:
2294:"Planeswalk on the Wild Side, part 1"
2201:
2180:
1753:
1751:
1749:
1747:
1745:
1743:
1741:
1739:
1737:
1735:
1625:
1623:
1621:
1619:
1617:
1615:
1505:
1503:
1488:Lindquist, Sarah (October 11, 2021).
1411:Wilson, Nicholas (December 1, 2020).
1332:
1330:
1311:. Kim E Lumbard. 2003. Archived from
1020:
1018:
992:
990:
963:Kaufeld, John; Smith, Jeremy (2006).
350:List of Magic: The Gathering keywords
2893:
2771:
2474:
1225:
1156:
997:Lancaster, Luke (January 26, 2017).
904:
902:
900:
898:
872:
870:
868:
601:
343:
208:players may be allowed the use of a
170:
2762:
2600:
2453:
2330:
2245:Menendian, Steve (March 27, 2017).
2120:
2090:
2004:
1761:
1650:
1528:
1392:Parlock, Joe (September 27, 2021).
24:
3359:Compilation, reprint, and box sets
3273:Adventures in the Forgotten Realms
2794:
2221:Kemner, Louis (December 3, 2020).
2039:Goldberg, J. R. (March 30, 2017).
1732:
1612:
1500:
1327:
1200:
1175:
1150:
1015:
987:
883:. November 18, 2022. pp. 6–11
226:
25:
3876:
3800:Strixhaven: A Curriculum of Chaos
2924:
2815:
2716:Gault, Matthew (August 5, 2020).
2362:Knutson, Ted (November 4, 2006).
2202:Coles, Jason (October 19, 2021).
2181:Coles, Jason (January 14, 2022).
2157:Miceli, Max (February 25, 2021).
2100:Mitchell, Ferguson (2019-07-15).
1814:Parlock, Joe (16 November 2021).
1364:Carrillo, Jaime (June 13, 2019).
1264:"MTG Basics: Competitive formats"
895:
865:
716:Certain spells allow a player to
375:
3834:
3833:
2306:Matt Tabak. (August 28th, 2017)
614:The ending phase has two steps:
467:
197:
3480:Grand Prix and Spotlight Series
2849:(March 1999). "Classic moves".
2737:
2709:
2684:
2653:
2628:
2584:Henke, Tobias (June 19, 2009).
2577:
2562:. June 10, 2009. Archived from
2548:
2428:
2404:
2312:
2300:
2285:
2273:Parlock, Joe (April 29, 2022).
2214:
2195:
2150:
2057:
2032:
1977:
1952:
1925:
1901:
1863:Parlock, Joe (6 January 2022).
1856:
1844:. November 14, 2022. p. 23
1807:
1780:
1587:
1562:
1460:
1442:
1423:
1404:
1385:
1357:
1301:
1274:
1128:
826:synonymous with white supremacy
634:
421:
177:Magic: The Gathering deck types
3786:Guildmasters' Guide to Ravnica
2744:Parrish, Ash (June 10, 2020).
2660:LaPille, Tom (July 26, 2009).
1726:10.3233/978-1-61499-672-9-1432
1182:Johnson, Xavier (2021-07-30).
1097:
1073:
1047:
966:Trading Card Games For Dummies
838:
310:
13:
1:
2816:Wylie, Tom. "Murk dwellers".
2441:Bleeding Cool News And Rumors
2435:Nelson, Joshua (2019-09-27).
1594:Forster, Danny (2019-06-03).
831:
455:
203:Beginning and ending the game
2772:Hall, Charlie (2020-06-10).
2392:Basil, Matt (May 26, 2022).
2322:. 2008-03-26. Archived from
1157:Hall, Charlie (2020-05-28).
430:
408:
320:Types of abilities include:
315:
112:Magic: The Gathering formats
7:
3333:Outlaws of Thunder Junction
3268:Strixhaven: School of Mages
796:Banned and restricted cards
504:
62:
10:
3881:
3641:Duels of the Planeswalkers
3343:Duskmourn: House of Horror
2556:"Magic 2010 Rules Changes"
2475:Grey, Dan (June 1, 2009).
1762:Orf, Darren (2020-08-11).
1430:Micell, Max (4 May 2021).
726:
347:
174:
109:
105:
98:tends to embrace all that
3829:
3811:
3793:Mythic Odysseys of Theros
3762:
3723:
3602:
3526:
3431:
3351:
3308:Phyrexia: All Will Be One
3253:Ikoria: Lair of Behemoths
3080:
3047:
3038:
2978:
2841:. March 1999. p. 31.
2588:(in German). planetmtg.de
777:reworked more drastically
707:
560:
509:
47:In its most-played form,
3278:Innistrad: Midnight Hunt
2364:"The Dynamics of a Turn"
2292:Rosewater (2009-10-02).
520:
399:
239:
3328:Murders at Karlov Manor
551:
363:
3323:Lost Caverns of Ixalan
3293:Streets of New Capenna
3288:Kamigawa: Neon Dynasty
3283:Innistrad: Crimson Vow
3203:Shadows over Innistrad
2326:on September 23, 2022.
665:
609:
440:Sorceries and instants
389:
252:
76:
2586:"Berechtigte Zweifel"
2526:Chalk, Titus (2017).
2064:Howard, Jeff (2014).
971:John Wiley & Sons
818:George Floyd protests
781:Classic Sixth Edition
748:codification of rules
686:Mana costs and colors
647:
640:Tapping and untapping
383:
247:
70:
3860:Magic: The Gathering
3685:Magic: The Gathering
3534:Wizards of the Coast
3450:Professional players
3439:Wizards Play Network
3313:March of the Machine
2971:Magic: The Gathering
2932:Magic: The Gathering
2917:Wizards of the Coast
2902:Wizards of the Coast
2887:Wizards of the Coast
2872:Wizards of the Coast
2857:Wizards of the Coast
2839:Wizards of the Coast
2824:Wizards of the Coast
2809:Wizards of the Coast
2666:Wizards of the Coast
2662:"Crafting a Vintage"
2560:Magic: The Gathering
2513:Wizard Entertainment
2481:Magic: The Gathering
2416:Magic: The Gathering
2368:Magic: The Gathering
1472:Magic: The Gathering
1454:Magic: The Gathering
1242:Wizards of the Coast
1238:"Sanctioned Formats"
1104:Švelch, Jan (2016).
1033:Wizards Play Network
702:Magic: The Gathering
386:Magic: The Gathering
249:Magic: The Gathering
129:Wizards Play Network
42:Wizards of the Coast
33:Magic: The Gathering
3248:Theros Beyond Death
3198:Battle for Zendikar
2934:Comprehensive Rules
2672:on October 28, 2021
2487:on January 28, 2022
1315:on November 6, 2015
1110:Analog Game Studies
1061:on January 18, 2022
1035:. November 14, 2022
571:Beginning of combat
331:Triggered abilities
325:Activated abilities
3514:World Championship
3475:Friday Night Magic
3243:Throne of Eldraine
3233:Ravnica Allegiance
2308:"Ixalan Mechanics"
1941:. February 3, 2021
1913:GatheringMagic.com
666:
390:
253:
79:A typical game of
77:
3847:
3846:
3693:Magic Workstation
3598:
3597:
3522:
3521:
3427:
3426:
3318:Wilds of Eldraine
3228:Guilds of Ravnica
3183:Return to Ravnica
3173:Scars of Mirrodin
2919:. pp. 60–61.
2904:. pp. 60–65.
2889:. pp. 26–27.
2874:. pp. 26–27.
2826:. pp. 20–22.
2811:. pp. 14–15.
2541:978-1-78618-067-4
2515:. pp. 38–43.
2075:978-1-4665-6787-0
1768:Popular Mechanics
1639:. October 1, 2021
1146:(1). Spring 2017.
806:COVID-19 pandemic
602:Second main phase
577:Declare attackers
344:Keyword abilities
171:Deck construction
16:(Redirected from
3872:
3837:
3836:
3780:Campaign setting
3560:Richard Garfield
3545:
3544:
3463:
3462:
3298:Dominaria United
3238:War of the Spark
3045:
3044:
2963:
2956:
2949:
2940:
2939:
2920:
2905:
2890:
2875:
2860:
2842:
2827:
2812:
2788:
2787:
2785:
2784:
2769:
2760:
2759:
2757:
2756:
2741:
2735:
2734:
2732:
2730:
2713:
2707:
2706:
2704:
2703:
2688:
2682:
2681:
2679:
2677:
2668:. Archived from
2657:
2651:
2650:
2648:
2647:
2632:
2626:
2625:
2623:
2622:
2607:
2598:
2597:
2595:
2593:
2581:
2575:
2574:
2572:
2571:
2566:on June 20, 2022
2552:
2546:
2545:
2523:
2517:
2516:
2502:
2496:
2495:
2493:
2492:
2483:. Archived from
2472:
2451:
2450:
2448:
2447:
2432:
2426:
2425:
2423:
2422:
2408:
2402:
2401:
2389:
2378:
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2374:
2359:
2328:
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2316:
2310:
2304:
2298:
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2282:
2270:
2255:
2254:
2242:
2231:
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2218:
2212:
2211:
2199:
2193:
2192:
2178:
2167:
2166:
2154:
2148:
2147:
2145:
2144:
2127:
2118:
2117:
2115:
2114:
2097:
2088:
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2054:
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2036:
2030:
2029:
2027:
2026:
2011:
2002:
2001:
1999:
1998:
1981:
1975:
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1971:
1956:
1950:
1949:
1947:
1946:
1929:
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1896:
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1873:
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1860:
1854:
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1835:
1824:
1823:
1811:
1805:
1804:
1802:
1801:
1784:
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1777:
1775:
1774:
1759:
1730:
1729:
1713:
1704:
1703:
1701:
1700:
1685:
1648:
1647:
1645:
1644:
1627:
1610:
1609:
1607:
1606:
1591:
1585:
1584:
1582:
1581:
1566:
1560:
1559:
1557:
1556:
1541:
1526:
1525:
1523:
1522:
1507:
1498:
1497:
1485:
1476:
1475:
1464:
1458:
1457:
1446:
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1427:
1421:
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1408:
1402:
1401:
1389:
1383:
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1380:
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1361:
1355:
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1334:
1325:
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1322:
1320:
1305:
1299:
1298:
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1295:
1278:
1272:
1271:
1259:
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1248:
1234:
1223:
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1220:
1219:
1204:
1198:
1197:
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1194:
1179:
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1147:
1132:
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1125:
1101:
1095:
1094:
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1091:
1077:
1071:
1070:
1068:
1066:
1051:
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1044:
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1030:
1022:
1013:
1012:
1010:
1009:
994:
985:
984:
960:
925:
924:
922:
921:
906:
893:
892:
890:
888:
882:
874:
863:
862:
860:
859:
842:
742:rules" with the
583:Declare blockers
492:loyalty ability
337:Static abilities
38:Richard Garfield
21:
3880:
3879:
3875:
3874:
3873:
3871:
3870:
3869:
3850:
3849:
3848:
3843:
3825:
3807:
3758:
3719:
3594:
3543:
3518:
3461:
3423:
3399:Masters Edition
3347:
3258:Zendikar Rising
3193:Khans of Tarkir
3076:
3056:Limited Edition
3034:
2974:
2967:
2927:
2915:. No. 37.
2900:. No. 37.
2885:. No. 37.
2870:. No. 36.
2855:. No. 35.
2847:Rosewater, Mark
2837:. No. 35.
2830:
2797:
2795:Further reading
2792:
2791:
2782:
2780:
2770:
2763:
2754:
2752:
2742:
2738:
2728:
2726:
2714:
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2685:
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2673:
2658:
2654:
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2634:
2633:
2629:
2620:
2618:
2609:
2608:
2601:
2591:
2589:
2582:
2578:
2569:
2567:
2554:
2553:
2549:
2542:
2524:
2520:
2511:. No. 49.
2503:
2499:
2490:
2488:
2473:
2454:
2445:
2443:
2433:
2429:
2420:
2418:
2410:
2409:
2405:
2390:
2381:
2372:
2370:
2360:
2331:
2318:
2317:
2313:
2305:
2301:
2290:
2286:
2271:
2258:
2243:
2234:
2219:
2215:
2200:
2196:
2179:
2170:
2155:
2151:
2142:
2140:
2129:
2128:
2121:
2112:
2110:
2098:
2091:
2076:
2062:
2058:
2049:
2047:
2037:
2033:
2024:
2022:
2013:
2012:
2005:
1996:
1994:
1983:
1982:
1978:
1969:
1967:
1958:
1957:
1953:
1944:
1942:
1931:
1930:
1926:
1917:
1915:
1907:
1906:
1902:
1885:
1876:
1861:
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1847:
1845:
1841:
1837:
1836:
1827:
1812:
1808:
1799:
1797:
1786:
1785:
1781:
1772:
1770:
1760:
1733:
1714:
1707:
1698:
1696:
1687:
1686:
1651:
1642:
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1629:
1628:
1613:
1604:
1602:
1592:
1588:
1579:
1577:
1568:
1567:
1563:
1554:
1552:
1543:
1542:
1529:
1520:
1518:
1509:
1508:
1501:
1486:
1479:
1468:"Modern Format"
1466:
1465:
1461:
1448:
1447:
1443:
1428:
1424:
1409:
1405:
1390:
1386:
1376:
1374:
1362:
1358:
1349:
1347:
1336:
1335:
1328:
1318:
1316:
1307:
1306:
1302:
1293:
1291:
1280:
1279:
1275:
1260:
1256:
1246:
1244:
1236:
1235:
1226:
1217:
1215:
1206:
1205:
1201:
1192:
1190:
1180:
1176:
1167:
1165:
1155:
1151:
1134:
1133:
1129:
1102:
1098:
1089:
1087:
1079:
1078:
1074:
1064:
1062:
1053:
1052:
1048:
1038:
1036:
1028:
1024:
1023:
1016:
1007:
1005:
995:
988:
981:
961:
928:
919:
917:
908:
907:
896:
886:
884:
880:
876:
875:
866:
857:
855:
844:
843:
839:
834:
798:
746:card set. This
744:Revised Edition
729:
710:
688:
658:Revised Edition
642:
637:
612:
604:
563:
554:
523:
512:
507:
470:
458:
442:
433:
424:
411:
402:
378:
366:
352:
346:
318:
313:
242:
229:
227:London Mulligan
205:
200:
179:
173:
114:
108:
65:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3878:
3868:
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3862:
3845:
3844:
3842:
3841:
3830:
3827:
3826:
3824:
3823:
3815:
3813:
3809:
3808:
3806:
3805:
3804:
3803:
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3789:
3777:
3772:
3766:
3764:
3760:
3759:
3757:
3756:
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3727:
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3718:
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3710:
3703:
3696:
3689:
3681:
3674:
3673:
3672:
3665:
3658:
3651:
3637:
3630:
3623:
3616:
3608:
3606:
3600:
3599:
3596:
3595:
3593:
3592:
3587:
3582:
3577:
3572:
3570:Mark Rosewater
3567:
3562:
3557:
3551:
3549:
3542:
3541:
3536:
3530:
3528:
3524:
3523:
3520:
3519:
3517:
3516:
3511:
3510:
3509:
3507:List of events
3499:
3494:
3489:
3488:
3487:
3485:List of events
3477:
3471:
3469:
3467:Organized Play
3460:
3459:
3458:
3457:
3447:
3442:
3441:(formerly DCI)
3435:
3433:
3429:
3428:
3425:
3424:
3422:
3421:
3416:
3411:
3406:
3401:
3396:
3395:
3394:
3389:
3384:
3379:
3371:
3366:
3361:
3355:
3353:
3349:
3348:
3346:
3345:
3340:
3335:
3330:
3325:
3320:
3315:
3310:
3305:
3300:
3295:
3290:
3285:
3280:
3275:
3270:
3265:
3260:
3255:
3250:
3245:
3240:
3235:
3230:
3225:
3220:
3215:
3210:
3205:
3200:
3195:
3190:
3185:
3180:
3175:
3170:
3165:
3160:
3155:
3150:
3145:
3140:
3135:
3130:
3125:
3120:
3115:
3110:
3105:
3100:
3095:
3090:
3084:
3082:
3078:
3077:
3075:
3074:
3069:
3064:
3059:
3051:
3049:
3042:
3036:
3035:
3033:
3032:
3027:
3026:
3025:
3015:
3013:Card advantage
3010:
3005:
3000:
2999:
2998:
2993:
2982:
2980:
2976:
2975:
2966:
2965:
2958:
2951:
2943:
2937:
2936:
2926:
2925:External links
2923:
2922:
2921:
2906:
2891:
2876:
2861:
2843:
2828:
2822:. No. 4.
2813:
2807:. No. 3.
2796:
2793:
2790:
2789:
2761:
2736:
2708:
2683:
2652:
2627:
2599:
2576:
2547:
2540:
2518:
2497:
2452:
2427:
2403:
2379:
2329:
2311:
2299:
2284:
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797:
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762:card set. The
753:Fourth Edition
728:
725:
709:
706:
687:
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662:Fallen Empires
641:
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376:Types of cards
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348:Main article:
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175:Main article:
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3812:Miscellaneous
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3763:Story-related
3761:
3755:
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3753:The Sideboard
3750:
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3740:
3739:InQuest Gamer
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3627:Battlegrounds
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3565:Randy Buehler
3563:
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3555:Peter Adkison
3553:
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3445:Judge Program
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3303:Brothers’ War
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2859:. p. 33.
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2532:Solaris Books
2529:
2522:
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2252:
2251:Vintage Magic
2248:
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2217:
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2205:
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2016:
2010:
2008:
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1991:
1986:
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1720:: 1432–1439.
1719:
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1371:The Daily Dot
1367:
1360:
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1344:
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1123:
1119:
1115:
1111:
1107:
1100:
1086:
1082:
1076:
1060:
1056:
1055:"All Formats"
1050:
1039:September 15,
1034:
1027:
1021:
1019:
1004:
1000:
993:
991:
982:
980:0-470-04407-1
976:
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827:
823:
819:
814:
811:
807:
803:
793:
790:
785:
782:
778:
774:
773:Fifth Edition
769:
768:Fifth Edition
765:
764:Fifth Edition
761:
760:Fifth Edition
756:
754:
749:
745:
741:
737:
733:
724:
721:
719:
714:
705:
703:
698:
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683:
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672:
663:
659:
655:
651:
646:
632:
626:
623:
620:
617:
616:
615:
607:
596:
595:End of combat
593:
590:
589:Combat damage
587:
584:
581:
578:
575:
572:
569:
568:
567:
558:
549:
543:
540:
537:
534:
531:
528:
527:
526:
518:
516:
502:
498:
495:
491:
487:
482:
479:
475:
472:According to
468:Planeswalkers
465:
463:
453:
450:
445:
437:
428:
419:
415:
406:
397:
395:
387:
382:
373:
371:
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321:
305:
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267:
264:
261:
258:
257:
256:
250:
246:
237:
234:
224:
220:
218:
213:
211:
198:Initial setup
195:
193:
189:
188:booster packs
185:
178:
168:
166:
162:
158:
154:
150:
144:
142:
138:
132:
130:
126:
123:
119:
113:
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97:
93:
92:
87:
82:
74:
69:
60:
58:
54:
50:
45:
43:
39:
35:
34:
30:The rules of
19:
3818:
3798:
3791:
3784:
3751:
3744:
3737:
3730:
3713:
3707:Puzzle Quest
3706:
3699:
3691:
3684:
3677:
3668:
3661:
3654:
3647:
3640:
3633:
3626:
3619:
3612:
3585:Gavin Verhey
3455:Hall of Fame
3054:
2985:
2969:
2931:
2910:
2895:
2880:
2865:
2850:
2832:
2817:
2802:
2781:. Retrieved
2777:
2753:. Retrieved
2749:
2739:
2727:. Retrieved
2721:
2711:
2700:. Retrieved
2698:. 2021-12-19
2695:
2686:
2674:. Retrieved
2670:the original
2655:
2644:. Retrieved
2642:. 2020-12-12
2639:
2630:
2619:. Retrieved
2617:. 2020-12-05
2614:
2590:. Retrieved
2579:
2568:. Retrieved
2564:the original
2559:
2550:
2527:
2521:
2506:
2500:
2489:. Retrieved
2485:the original
2480:
2444:. Retrieved
2440:
2430:
2419:. Retrieved
2415:
2406:
2397:
2371:. Retrieved
2367:
2324:the original
2314:
2302:
2287:
2278:
2250:
2226:
2216:
2207:
2197:
2186:
2162:
2152:
2141:. Retrieved
2139:. 2018-05-30
2134:
2111:. Retrieved
2105:
2065:
2059:
2048:. Retrieved
2044:
2034:
2023:. Retrieved
2021:. 2021-03-29
2018:
1995:. Retrieved
1993:. 2021-01-28
1988:
1979:
1968:. Retrieved
1966:. 2021-05-07
1963:
1954:
1943:. Retrieved
1936:
1927:
1916:. Retrieved
1912:
1903:
1868:
1858:
1848:December 28,
1846:. Retrieved
1819:
1809:
1798:. Retrieved
1796:. 2021-02-19
1791:
1782:
1771:. Retrieved
1767:
1717:
1697:. Retrieved
1695:. 2021-09-24
1692:
1641:. Retrieved
1634:
1603:. Retrieved
1599:
1589:
1578:. Retrieved
1576:. 2019-06-03
1573:
1564:
1553:. Retrieved
1551:. 2019-11-13
1548:
1519:. Retrieved
1517:. 2020-07-10
1514:
1493:
1471:
1462:
1453:
1444:
1435:
1425:
1416:
1406:
1397:
1387:
1377:February 29,
1375:. Retrieved
1369:
1359:
1348:. Retrieved
1346:. 2015-03-23
1341:
1317:. Retrieved
1313:the original
1303:
1292:. Retrieved
1290:. 2015-04-28
1285:
1276:
1267:
1257:
1245:. Retrieved
1216:. Retrieved
1214:. 2020-01-14
1211:
1202:
1191:. Retrieved
1187:
1177:
1166:. Retrieved
1162:
1152:
1143:
1139:
1130:
1113:
1109:
1099:
1088:. Retrieved
1084:
1075:
1063:. Retrieved
1059:the original
1049:
1037:. Retrieved
1032:
1006:. Retrieved
1002:
965:
918:. Retrieved
916:. 2019-11-21
913:
887:December 28,
885:. Retrieved
856:. Retrieved
854:. 2015-02-27
849:
840:
821:
815:
809:
799:
788:
786:
780:
772:
767:
763:
759:
757:
752:
743:
739:
731:
730:
722:
717:
715:
711:
701:
694:
693:
689:
679:
677:
669:
667:
661:
657:
653:
649:
635:Paying costs
630:
624:
618:
613:
605:
594:
588:
582:
576:
570:
564:
555:
547:
541:
535:
529:
524:
514:
513:
499:
493:
489:
485:
483:
477:
473:
471:
459:
448:
446:
443:
434:
425:
422:Enchantments
416:
412:
403:
393:
391:
385:
384:Layout of a
367:
356:
353:
336:
330:
324:
319:
299:
293:
289:
283:
277:
271:
265:
259:
254:
248:
232:
230:
221:
214:
206:
191:
183:
180:
164:
145:
136:
133:
121:
117:
115:
100:house ruling
95:
89:
85:
80:
78:
72:
56:
52:
48:
46:
31:
29:
18:Planeswalker
3732:The Duelist
3604:Video games
3580:Tom LaPille
3575:James Wyatt
3432:Tournaments
3338:Bloomburrow
3148:Time Spiral
3072:Foundations
3023:Black Lotus
2912:The Duelist
2897:The Duelist
2882:The Duelist
2867:The Duelist
2852:The Duelist
2834:The Duelist
2819:The Duelist
2804:The Duelist
2592:October 18,
2208:Dicebreaker
2163:Dot Esports
2107:Dot Esports
1600:Dot Esports
1549:PC Invasion
1494:Screen Rant
1436:Dot Esports
1268:Dot Esports
1212:Dicebreaker
1188:Dot Esports
914:Dicebreaker
696:Screen Rant
536:Upkeep step
462:6th Edition
311:Terminology
272:Battlefield
75:in progress
3865:Game rules
3854:Categories
3770:Multiverse
3613:Apprentice
3419:Conspiracy
3404:Planechase
3158:Shadowmoor
3018:Power Nine
3008:Deck types
2783:2020-06-11
2755:2020-06-11
2702:2021-12-20
2646:2021-10-17
2621:2021-10-17
2570:2021-10-17
2491:2021-10-17
2446:2021-10-17
2421:2021-10-17
2373:2021-10-17
2143:2021-10-16
2113:2021-10-16
2050:2021-10-17
2025:2021-10-16
1997:2021-10-16
1970:2021-10-17
1945:2021-10-16
1918:2018-05-09
1894:2003.05119
1800:2021-10-16
1773:2021-10-16
1699:2021-10-17
1643:2021-10-16
1605:2021-10-16
1580:2021-10-16
1574:ScreenRant
1555:2021-10-17
1521:2021-10-16
1450:"Standard"
1350:2021-10-16
1294:2021-10-16
1247:17 October
1218:2021-09-14
1193:2021-09-14
1168:2021-09-14
1090:2021-09-15
1065:17 October
1008:2021-10-17
920:2021-10-16
858:2021-10-16
832:References
789:Magic 2010
755:card set.
530:Untap step
476:lore, the
456:Interrupts
394:permanents
71:A game of
3724:Magazines
3497:Nationals
3414:Commander
3409:Archenemy
3223:Dominaria
3178:Innistrad
3128:Onslaught
3088:1993–1995
3081:Expansion
3067:2009–2015
3062:1993–2007
2996:Sideboard
2729:August 5,
2279:The Gamer
2084:878262785
2019:Game Rant
1869:The Gamer
1820:The Gamer
1718:Ecai 2016
1122:2643-7112
542:Draw step
431:Artifacts
409:Creatures
357:Game Rant
316:Abilities
304:Commander
302:: In the
284:The stack
278:Graveyard
210:sideboard
141:Commander
125:card sets
3839:Category
3502:Pro Tour
3392:Unfinity
3387:Unstable
3382:Unhinged
3373:Un-sets
3263:Kaldheim
3213:Amonkhet
3208:Kaladesh
3168:Zendikar
3138:Kamigawa
3133:Mirrodin
3118:Invasion
2991:Keywords
2979:Gameplay
2676:July 24,
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