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disk space. The ideal pixel density (PPI) depends on the output format, output device, the intended use and artistic choice. For inkjet printers measured in DPI it is generally good practice to use half or less than the DPI to determine the PPI. For example, an image intended for a printer capable of 600 dpi could be created at 300 ppi. When using other technologies such as AM or FM screen printing, there are often published
328:
200:
36:
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typical 4:3 ratio CRT monitor showing a 1280×1024 mode computer display at maximum size, which is a 5:4 ratio, not quite the same as 4:3). The apparent PPI of a monitor depends upon the screen resolution (that is, the number of pixels) and the size of the screen in use; a monitor in 800×600 mode has a lower PPI than does the same monitor in a 1024×768 or 1280×960 mode.
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Even though image manipulation software can optionally set density for some image file formats, not many other software uses density information when displaying images. Web browsers, for example, ignore any density information. As the table shows, support for density information in image file formats
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of an image file when the print size is known. For example, a 100×100 pixel image printed in a 2 inch square has a resolution of 50 pixels per inch. Used this way, the measurement is meaningful when printing an image. In many applications, such as Adobe
Photoshop, the program is designed so that
560:
Using the DPI or LPI of a printer remains useful to determine PPI until one reaches larger formats, such as 36" or higher, as the factor of visual acuity then becomes more important to consider. If a print can be viewed close up, then one may choose the printer device limits. However, if a poster,
552:
Often one wishes to know the image quality in pixels per inch (PPI) that would be suitable for a given output device. If the choice is too low, then the quality will be below what the device is capable of—loss of quality—and if the choice is too high then pixels will be stored unnecessarily—wasted
520:
This shows that the output banner will have only 40 pixels per inch. Since a printer device is capable of printing at 300 ppi, the resolution of the original image is well below what would be needed to create a decent quality banner, even if it looked good on a monitor for a website. We would
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When moving images between devices, such as printing an image that was created on a monitor, it is important to understand the pixel density of both devices. Consider a 23″ HD monitor (20″ wide), that has a known, native resolution of 1920 pixels (horizontal). Let us assume an artist created a new
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For example, Sony Alpha SLT-A58 has 20.1 megapixels on an APS-C sensor having 6.2 MP/cm since a compact camera like Sony Cyber-shot DSC-HX50V has 20.4 megapixels on an 1/2.3" sensor having 70 MP/cm. The professional camera has a lower PPI than a compact camera, because it has
675:
PPCM, in both the horizontal and vertical directions. This figure is determined by dividing the width (or height) of the display area in pixels by the width (or height) of the display area in inches. It is possible for a display to have different horizontal and vertical PPI measurements (e.g., a
260:
Since most digital hardware devices use dots or pixels, the size of the media (in inches) and the number of pixels (or dots) are directly related by the 'pixels per inch'. The following formula gives the number of pixels, horizontally or vertically, given the physical size of a format and the
541:(DPI). These are both different from pixel density or pixels per inch (PPI) because a pixel is a single sample of any color, whereas an inkjet print can only print a dot of a specific color either on or off. Thus a printer translates the pixels into a series of dots using a process called
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Camera manufacturers often quote view screens in 'number of dots'. This is not the same as the number of pixels, because there are 3 'dots' per pixel – red, green and blue. For example, the Canon 50D is quoted as having 920,000 dots. This translates as 307,200 pixels (×3 =
537:(LPI) by using a purely analog process in which a photographic print is converted into variable sized dots through interference patterns passing through a screen. Modern inkjet printers can print microscopic dots at any location, and don't require a screen grid, with the metric
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and the browser's zoom at 100%, then measure the width and height, in inches, of the square as displayed on a given monitor. Dividing 200 by the measured width or height gives the monitor's horizontal or vertical ppi, respectively, at the current screen
1699:
The following table show how pixel density is supported by popular image file formats. The cell colors used do not indicate how feature-rich a certain image file format is, but what density support can be expected of a certain image file format.
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Now, let us imagine the artist wishes to print a larger banner at 48″ horizontally. We know the number of pixels in the image, and the size of the output, from which we can use the same formula again to give the PPI of the printed poster:
304:
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computer displays range from 67 to 130 PPI, though desktop monitors have exceeded 200 PPI, and certain smartphone manufacturers' flagship mobile device models have been exceeding 500 PPI since 2014.
549:, smallest size of each dot, is also determined by the type of paper the image is printed on. An absorbent paper surface, uncoated recycled paper for instance, lets ink droplets spread — so has a larger dot pitch.
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image at this monitor resolution of 1920 pixels, possibly intended for the web without regard to printing. Rewriting the formula above can tell us the pixel density (PPI) of the image on the monitor display:
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707:μm). In 2011 they followed this up with a 3760-DPI 0.21-inch diagonal VGA colour display. The manufacturer says they designed the LCD to be optically magnified, as in high-resolution eyewear devices.
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The PPI pixel density specification of a display is also useful for calibrating a monitor with a printer. Software can use the PPI measurement to display a document at "actual size" on the screen.
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as a "21.5 inch (viewable) display," but its actual viewable area is 545.22 mm or 21.465 inches. The more precise figure increases the calculated PPI from 102.46 (using 21.5) to 102.63.
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Some observations indicate that the unaided human generally can't differentiate detail beyond 300 PPI. However, this figure depends both on the distance between viewer and image, and the viewer’s
182: where the former describes the amount of detail on a physical surface or device, the latter describes the amount of pixel information regardless of its scale. Considered in another way, a
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has no inherent size or unit (a pixel is actually a sample), but when it is printed, displayed, or scanned, then the pixel has both a physical size (dimension) and a pixel density (ppi).
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For example, a 15-inch (38 cm) display whose dimensions work out to 12 inches (30.48 cm) wide by 9 inches (22.86 cm) high, capable of a maximum 1024×768 (or
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This must be taken into account when working out the PPI. 'Dots' and 'pixels' are often confused in reviews and specs when viewing information about digital cameras specifically.
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UltraSharp UP3216Q (3840×2160 px) are advertised as a 32-inch "class" monitor (137.68 PPI), but the actual viewing area diagonal is 31.5 inches, making the true PPI 139.87.
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These calculations may not be very precise. Frequently, screens advertised as “X inch screen” can have their real physical dimensions of viewable area differ, for example:
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Support in SVG differs. The standard supports the floats pixelUnitToMillimeterX, pixelUnitToMillimeterY, screenPixelToMillimeterX and screenPixelToMillimeterY for use in
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one creates new images by specifying the output device and PPI (pixels per inch). Thus the output target is often defined upon creating the image.
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PPI can be calculated from the screen's diagonal size in inches and the resolution in pixels (width and height). This can be done in two steps:
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The digital publishing industry primarily uses pixels per inch but sometimes pixels per centimeter is used, or a conversion factor is given.
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2216:
2145:. Inkscape SVG supports density for PNG export only inkscape:export-xdpi and inkscape:export-ydpi. Adobe stores it even differently.
728:. The human eye also responds in a different way to a bright, evenly lit interactive display from how it does to prints on paper.
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444:{\displaystyle {\text{PPI (monitor)}}={\frac {\text{Number of Pixels}}{\text{Size in Inches}}}={\frac {1920}{20}}=96{\text{ ppi}}}
510:{\displaystyle {\text{PPI (poster)}}={\frac {\text{Number of Pixels}}{\text{Size in Inches}}}={\frac {1920}{48}}=40{\text{ ppi}}}
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applications demand even greater pixel density, as higher pixel density produces a larger image size and wider viewing angle.
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Printing on paper is accomplished with different technologies. Newspapers and magazines were traditionally printed using a
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The outside of the square shown above is 200 pixels by 200 pixels. To determine a monitor's ppi, set the OS
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say more directly that a 1920 × 1080 pixel image does not have enough pixels to be printed in a large format.
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2161:– the origins of 96 DPI/PPI as Microsoft/Windows standard and 72 DPI/PPI as (former) Apple/Macintosh standard
1527:. In digital photography, pixel density is the number of pixels divided by the area of the sensor. A typical
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LP2065 20 inch (50.8 cm) monitor has an actual viewable area of 20.1 inch (51 cm).
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Android supports the following logical DPI values for controlling how large content is displayed:
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of a computer display determines the absolute limit of possible pixel density. Typical circa-2000
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WEBP has no tags/attributes of its own which specify density on the output medium. But WEBP uses
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Optional PPI or PPCM, two 32-bit unsigned integers each for horizontal and vertical directions
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banner or billboard will be viewed from far away then it is possible to use a much lower PPI.
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PPI or PPCM, 8 bytes (64bit rational unsigned) each for horizontal and vertical directions
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2297:. SID, Information Display magazine May 2008 Vol. 24, No. 05. 31 May 2008. Archived from
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use small displays, but modern smartphone displays have a larger PPI rating, such as the
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with a quad HD display at 577 PPI, Fujitsu F-02G with a quad HD display at 564 PPI, the
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JPEG File
Interchange Format, Version 1.02 - JPEG File Interchange Format Specification
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refers only to the number of pixels found along the horizontal and vertical dimension.
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is diagonal size in inches (this is the number advertised as the size of the display).
175:, but differ on devices that have non-square pixels. Pixel density is not the same as
2389:. IBM Journal of Research and Development Volume 44, Number 3, 2000. 10 November 1999
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in the horizontal and vertical directions. This measurement is often referred to as
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display with a pixel density of 807 PPI, the highest of any smartphone as of 2017.
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Horizontally scanning holography to enlarge both image size and viewing zone angle
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v11.7.1 correctly shows resolution information for WEBP files with EXIF metadata.
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varies enormously and should be used with great care in a controlled context.
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screen, which would print dots at a given frequency, the screen frequency, in
299:{\displaystyle {\text{Number of Pixels}}={\text{Size in Inches}}*{\text{PPI}}}
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refers to horizontal and vertical size in inches, centimeters, etc., whereas
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171:. Horizontal and vertical density are usually the same, as most devices have
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2054:. And EXIF supports resolution, see entry in this table. Practical example:
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For a 21.5-inch (546.1 mm) screen with a 1920×1080 resolution you get
172:
2447:
HP LP2065 20-inch (50.8 cm) LCD Monitor - Specifications and
Warranty
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Optional PPI or PPCM, 2 bytes each for horizontal and vertical directions
2682:
Chapter 11. PNG Options and
Extensions - Physical Pixel Dimensions (pHYs)
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660:, though that measurement more accurately refers to the resolution of a
2523:"Oppo's next smartphone due in March with 2K and 1080p display options"
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image file format only allows the meter as the unit for pixel density.
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1531:, circa 2013, has 1–6.2 MP/cm; a typical compact has 20–70 MP/cm.
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710:
649:
612: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
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2253:"Understanding Resolution and the meaning of DPI, PPI, SPI & LPI"
2235:"Understanding Resolution and the meaning of DPI, PPI, SPI & LPI"
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2217:"Haltone: Atlas of Analytical Signatures of Photographic Processes"
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LCD with a pixel density of 2272 PPI (each pixel only 11.25
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with 534 PPI on 5.5-inch display – XXHDPI (see section below).
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Naoya Okada and
Yasuhiro Takaki, Proc. SPIE Vol. 7233 723309-1
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Optional PPM, 4 bytes each horizontal and vertical directions
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671:) pixel resolution, can display around 85 PPI, or 33.46
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Explicit DPI (PPI) for rasterized images, fonts or effects
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Explicit DPI (PPI) for rasterized images, fonts or effects
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1396:{\displaystyle {\frac {\sqrt {1920^{2}+1080^{2}}}{21.5}}}
1080:{\displaystyle {\frac {\sqrt {5120^{2}+2880^{2}}}{15.6}}}
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For 15.6-inch screen with a 5120×2880 resolution you get
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Pixels per inch (or pixels per centimetre) describes the
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921,600 dots). Thus the screen is 640×480 pixels.
1292:{\displaystyle {\frac {\sqrt {1024^{2}+600^{2}}}{10.1}}}
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supports
Metadata to be included as XMP and EXIF chunks
1344:{\displaystyle {\frac {\sqrt {2560^{2}+1440^{2}}}{27}}}
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For 27-inch screen with a 2560×1440 resolution you get
1236:{\displaystyle {\frac {\sqrt {3840^{2}+2160^{2}}}{32}}}
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For 32-inch screen with a 3840×2160 resolution you get
1184:{\displaystyle {\frac {\sqrt {3840^{2}+2160^{2}}}{27}}}
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For 27-inch screen with a 3840×2160 resolution you get
1132:{\displaystyle {\frac {\sqrt {8192^{2}+4608^{2}}}{50}}}
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For 50-inch screen with a 8192×4608 resolution you get
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In a more significant case, some monitors such as the
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larger photodiodes due to having far larger sensors.
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2537:"Sony Xperia XZ Premium - Full phone specifications"
2292:"Company Debuts World's Smallest Color SVGA Display"
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resolution. In this context, PPI is synonymous with
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Scalable Vector
Graphics (SVG) 1.1 (Second Edition)
844:{\displaystyle d_{p}={\sqrt {w_{p}^{2}+h_{p}^{2}}}}
731:High pixel density display technologies would make
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60:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
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2661:Exif 2.32, CIPA DC-008 Translation 2019, p.35-36
2387:"Electronic displays for information technology"
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2471:"Electronics & Accessories | Dell USA"
27:Screen resolution measured in pixels per length
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1554:with quad HD display at 564 PPI or – XHDPI or
739:graphics and, potentially enable a practical “
163:display, or image digitizing device such as a
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721:, giving a pixel density of 10,160 PPI.
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2270:"Kopin unveils smallest color SVGA display"
1519:"PPI" or "pixel density" may also describe
1487:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
356:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
228:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
1250:screen with a 1024×600 resolution you get
903:{\displaystyle PPI={\frac {d_{p}}{d_{i}}}}
699:announced a 0.44 inch (1.12 cm)
2222:. The Getty Conservation Institute. 2013.
1507:Learn how and when to remove this message
644:is related to the size of the display in
628:Learn how and when to remove this message
376:Learn how and when to remove this message
248:Learn how and when to remove this message
155:of an electronic image device, such as a
120:Learn how and when to remove this message
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1437:Calculating PPI of camera view screens
747:would have to display more than four
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1996:Implicit for included raster images
1780:Implicit for included raster images
1485:adding citations to reliable sources
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610:adding citations to reliable sources
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2561:"Support different pixel densities"
2508:"富士通が最新のドコモスマホやタブレットを披露 5G通信の取り組みも"
717:can reduce pixel pitch to 2.5
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24:
2715:TIFF Revision 5.0 - ResolutionUnit
2431:LM215WF3 LCD Product Specification
2108:Size in lengths for image or page
1993:Explicit for length. No for pixel
1968:Explicit for length. No for pixel
1777:Explicit for length. No for pixel
1733:Size in lengths for image or page
25:
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2521:Richard Lai (February 12, 2014).
2200:"A Pixel Is Not A Little Square"
2048:Resource Interchange File Format
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2495:Techcrunch.com, dots vs pixels
2437:. Accessed on 27 January 2012.
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2198:Alvy Ray Smith (11 Nov 1996).
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2159:Computer monitor DPI standards
2050:as its container format which
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972:is height resolution in pixels
13:
1:
2649:"PNG file format, pHYs chunk"
2599:"Utads.com Glossary of Terms"
2272:. optics.org. 11 January 2008
2185:
2018:Implicit when density is set
1921:Implicit when density is set
1874:Implicit when density is set
1574:Logical DPI values on Android
943:is width resolution in pixels
2421:Accessed on 27 January 2012.
1246:For an old-school 10.1-inch
7:
2484:dpreview.com, Canon EOS 50d
2152:
1001:is diagonal size in pixels.
570:DPI scaling setting at 100%
10:
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1414:advertised their mid-2011
762:Calculation of monitor PPI
151:) are measurements of the
2624:"Resolution, dpi and ppi"
2367:. Jonesblog. 24 June 2010
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1964:
1917:
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1695:Image file format support
733:supersampled antialiasing
2506:村上万純 (October 7, 2014).
715:Spatial light modulators
652:and the total number of
2458:Hewlett-Packard Company
2165:Resolution independence
2365:"Apple Retina Display"
2251:David Creamer (2003).
2233:David Creamer (2003).
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2704:Inkscape source files
2585:"Web Graphics Basics"
2408:Apple iMac Tech Specs
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1023:{\displaystyle d_{i}}
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2742:Digital photography
2326:. kopin corporation
1680:dots per centimetre
838:
820:
779:Pythagorean theorem
2747:Engineering ratios
2565:Android Developers
2452:2008-04-10 at the
2413:2012-10-18 at the
2350:2013-01-20 at the
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1232:
1226:
1225:
1213:
1212:
1203:
1202:
1190:
1188:
1187:
1182:
1180:
1174:
1173:
1161:
1160:
1151:
1150:
1138:
1136:
1135:
1130:
1128:
1122:
1121:
1109:
1108:
1099:
1098:
1086:
1084:
1083:
1078:
1076:
1070:
1069:
1057:
1056:
1047:
1046:
1029:
1027:
1026:
1021:
1019:
1018:
1000:
998:
997:
992:
990:
989:
971:
969:
968:
963:
961:
960:
942:
940:
939:
934:
932:
931:
909:
907:
906:
901:
899:
897:
896:
887:
886:
877:
850:
848:
847:
842:
840:
837:
832:
819:
814:
805:
800:
799:
741:paperless office
706:
685:cathode ray tube
674:
662:computer printer
642:computer display
633:
626:
622:
619:
613:
590:
582:
555:screening charts
516:
514:
513:
508:
506:
503:
495:
487:
482:
478:
476:Number of Pixels
475:
474:
469:
466:
450:
448:
447:
442:
440:
437:
429:
421:
416:
412:
410:Number of Pixels
409:
408:
403:
400:
381:
374:
370:
367:
361:
330:
322:
305:
303:
302:
297:
295:
292:
287:
284:
279:
277:Number of Pixels
276:
253:
246:
242:
239:
233:
202:
194:
190:Basic principles
181:
157:computer monitor
125:
118:
114:
111:
105:
103:
62:
38:
30:
21:
2762:
2761:
2757:
2756:
2755:
2753:
2752:
2751:
2732:Digital imaging
2722:
2721:
2720:
2713:
2709:
2702:
2698:
2691:
2687:
2680:
2676:
2669:
2665:
2660:
2656:
2647:
2646:
2642:
2633:
2631:
2622:
2621:
2617:
2608:
2606:
2597:
2596:
2592:
2583:
2582:
2578:
2569:
2567:
2559:
2558:
2554:
2545:
2543:
2535:
2534:
2530:
2519:
2515:
2504:
2500:
2493:
2489:
2482:
2478:
2469:
2468:
2464:
2454:Wayback Machine
2445:
2441:
2429:
2425:
2415:Wayback Machine
2406:
2402:
2392:
2390:
2385:
2384:
2380:
2370:
2368:
2363:
2362:
2358:
2352:Wayback Machine
2343:
2339:
2329:
2327:
2322:
2321:
2317:
2307:
2305:
2301:
2294:
2290:
2289:
2285:
2275:
2273:
2268:
2267:
2263:
2255:
2249:
2245:
2237:
2231:
2227:
2219:
2215:
2214:
2210:
2202:
2196:
2192:
2188:
2155:
2150:
2149:
2140:
2136:
2124:
2120:
1697:
1682:
1676:
1576:
1541:
1513:
1502:
1496:
1493:
1478:
1462:
1451:
1439:
1381:
1377:
1368:
1364:
1361:
1359:
1356:
1355:
1329:
1325:
1316:
1312:
1309:
1307:
1304:
1303:
1277:
1273:
1264:
1260:
1257:
1255:
1252:
1251:
1221:
1217:
1208:
1204:
1201:
1199:
1196:
1195:
1169:
1165:
1156:
1152:
1149:
1147:
1144:
1143:
1117:
1113:
1104:
1100:
1097:
1095:
1092:
1091:
1065:
1061:
1052:
1048:
1045:
1043:
1040:
1039:
1014:
1010:
1008:
1005:
1004:
985:
981:
979:
976:
975:
956:
952:
950:
947:
946:
927:
923:
921:
918:
917:
892:
888:
882:
878:
876:
862:
859:
858:
857:
833:
828:
815:
810:
804:
795:
791:
789:
786:
785:
784:
764:
704:
672:
634:
623:
617:
614:
603:
591:
580:
527:
502:
486:
473:
465:
463:
460:
459:
436:
420:
407:
399:
397:
394:
393:
382:
371:
365:
362:
347:
331:
320:
291:
283:
275:
273:
270:
269:
265:of the output:
263:pixels per inch
254:
243:
237:
234:
219:
203:
192:
176:
133:Pixels per inch
126:
115:
109:
106:
69:"Pixel density"
63:
61:
51:
39:
28:
23:
22:
18:Pixels per inch
15:
12:
11:
5:
2760:
2750:
2749:
2744:
2739:
2734:
2719:
2718:
2707:
2696:
2685:
2674:
2663:
2654:
2640:
2615:
2590:
2576:
2552:
2528:
2513:
2498:
2487:
2476:
2462:
2439:
2423:
2400:
2378:
2356:
2337:
2315:
2304:on 14 May 2008
2283:
2261:
2243:
2225:
2208:
2189:
2187:
2184:
2183:
2182:
2177:
2172:
2170:Retina display
2167:
2162:
2154:
2151:
2148:
2147:
2134:
2117:
2116:
2113:
2112:
2109:
2106:
2105:Per-page size
2103:
2100:
2091:
2086:
2082:
2081:
2078:
2075:
2072:
2069:
2066:
2060:
2059:
2044:
2041:
2038:
2035:
2032:
2029:
2023:
2022:
2019:
2016:
2013:
2010:
2007:
2004:
1998:
1997:
1994:
1991:
1988:
1985:
1982:
1979:
1973:
1972:
1969:
1966:
1963:
1960:
1957:
1951:
1950:
1947:
1944:
1941:
1938:
1935:
1932:
1926:
1925:
1922:
1919:
1916:
1913:
1910:
1904:
1903:
1900:
1897:
1894:
1891:
1888:
1885:
1879:
1878:
1875:
1872:
1869:
1866:
1863:
1857:
1856:
1853:
1850:
1847:
1844:
1841:
1838:
1832:
1831:
1828:
1825:
1822:
1819:
1816:
1813:
1807:
1806:
1803:
1800:
1797:
1794:
1791:
1788:
1782:
1781:
1778:
1775:
1772:
1769:
1766:
1760:
1759:
1756:
1754:
1752:
1750:
1747:
1744:
1738:
1737:
1734:
1731:
1730:Per-page size
1728:
1725:
1716:
1711:
1696:
1693:
1675:
1672:
1669:
1668:
1665:
1662:
1658:
1657:
1654:
1651:
1647:
1646:
1643:
1640:
1636:
1635:
1632:
1629:
1625:
1624:
1621:
1618:
1614:
1613:
1610:
1607:
1603:
1602:
1599:
1596:
1592:
1591:
1588:
1585:
1575:
1572:
1540:
1537:
1515:
1514:
1465:
1463:
1456:
1450:
1447:
1438:
1435:
1434:
1433:
1426:
1419:
1405:
1404:
1390:
1384:
1380:
1376:
1371:
1367:
1352:
1338:
1332:
1328:
1324:
1319:
1315:
1300:
1286:
1280:
1276:
1272:
1267:
1263:
1244:
1230:
1224:
1220:
1216:
1211:
1207:
1192:
1178:
1172:
1168:
1164:
1159:
1155:
1140:
1126:
1120:
1116:
1112:
1107:
1103:
1088:
1074:
1068:
1064:
1060:
1055:
1051:
1032:
1031:
1017:
1013:
1002:
988:
984:
973:
959:
955:
944:
930:
926:
911:
910:
895:
891:
885:
881:
875:
872:
869:
866:
851:
836:
831:
827:
823:
818:
813:
809:
803:
798:
794:
763:
760:
636:
635:
594:
592:
585:
579:
576:
535:lines per inch
526:
523:
518:
517:
501:
498:
493:
490:
485:
479:Size in Inches
472:
452:
451:
435:
432:
427:
424:
419:
413:Size in Inches
406:
384:
383:
334:
332:
325:
319:
316:
307:
306:
290:
285:Size in Inches
282:
256:
255:
206:
204:
197:
191:
188:
128:
127:
42:
40:
33:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2759:
2748:
2745:
2743:
2740:
2738:
2735:
2733:
2730:
2729:
2727:
2716:
2711:
2705:
2700:
2694:
2689:
2683:
2678:
2672:
2667:
2658:
2650:
2644:
2630:on 2012-08-10
2629:
2625:
2619:
2605:on 2012-09-28
2604:
2600:
2594:
2586:
2580:
2566:
2562:
2556:
2542:
2538:
2532:
2524:
2517:
2509:
2502:
2496:
2491:
2485:
2480:
2472:
2466:
2459:
2455:
2451:
2448:
2443:
2436:
2432:
2427:
2420:
2416:
2412:
2409:
2404:
2388:
2382:
2366:
2360:
2353:
2349:
2346:
2341:
2325:
2324:"Innovations"
2319:
2300:
2293:
2287:
2271:
2265:
2254:
2247:
2236:
2229:
2218:
2212:
2201:
2194:
2190:
2181:
2178:
2176:
2173:
2171:
2168:
2166:
2163:
2160:
2157:
2156:
2144:
2138:
2131:
2127:
2122:
2118:
2110:
2107:
2104:
2101:
2099:
2095:
2092:
2090:
2087:
2084:
2083:
2079:
2076:
2070:
2067:
2065:
2062:
2061:
2057:
2053:
2049:
2045:
2042:
2039:
2036:
2033:
2030:
2028:
2025:
2024:
2020:
2017:
2014:
2011:
2008:
2005:
2003:
2000:
1999:
1995:
1992:
1989:
1986:
1983:
1980:
1978:
1975:
1974:
1970:
1967:
1961:
1958:
1956:
1953:
1952:
1948:
1945:
1942:
1939:
1936:
1933:
1931:
1928:
1927:
1923:
1920:
1914:
1911:
1909:
1906:
1905:
1901:
1898:
1895:
1892:
1889:
1886:
1884:
1881:
1880:
1876:
1873:
1867:
1864:
1862:
1859:
1858:
1854:
1851:
1848:
1845:
1842:
1839:
1837:
1834:
1833:
1829:
1826:
1823:
1820:
1817:
1814:
1812:
1809:
1808:
1804:
1801:
1798:
1795:
1792:
1789:
1787:
1784:
1783:
1779:
1776:
1770:
1767:
1765:
1762:
1761:
1757:
1755:
1753:
1751:
1748:
1745:
1743:
1740:
1739:
1735:
1732:
1729:
1726:
1724:
1720:
1717:
1715:
1712:
1709:
1708:
1705:
1701:
1692:
1690:
1685:
1681:
1666:
1663:
1660:
1659:
1655:
1652:
1649:
1648:
1644:
1641:
1638:
1637:
1633:
1630:
1627:
1626:
1622:
1619:
1616:
1615:
1611:
1608:
1605:
1604:
1600:
1597:
1594:
1593:
1589:
1586:
1583:
1582:
1579:
1571:
1569:
1565:
1561:
1557:
1553:
1549:
1545:
1536:
1532:
1530:
1526:
1522:
1521:image scanner
1511:
1508:
1500:
1490:
1486:
1482:
1476:
1475:
1471:
1466:This section
1464:
1460:
1455:
1454:
1446:
1443:
1431:
1427:
1424:
1420:
1417:
1413:
1410:
1409:
1408:
1403:= 102.46 PPI;
1388:
1382:
1378:
1374:
1369:
1365:
1353:
1336:
1330:
1326:
1322:
1317:
1313:
1301:
1284:
1278:
1274:
1270:
1265:
1261:
1249:
1245:
1228:
1222:
1218:
1214:
1209:
1205:
1193:
1176:
1170:
1166:
1162:
1157:
1153:
1141:
1124:
1118:
1114:
1110:
1105:
1101:
1089:
1087:= 376.57 PPI.
1072:
1066:
1062:
1058:
1053:
1049:
1037:
1036:
1035:
1034:For example:
1015:
1011:
1003:
986:
982:
974:
957:
953:
945:
928:
924:
916:
915:
914:
893:
889:
883:
879:
873:
870:
867:
864:
856:
852:
834:
829:
825:
821:
816:
811:
807:
801:
796:
792:
783:
780:
776:
775:
774:
768:
759:
756:
755:resolution).
754:
750:
746:
742:
738:
734:
729:
727:
726:visual acuity
722:
720:
716:
712:
708:
702:
698:
693:
690:
686:
682:
677:
670:
665:
663:
659:
658:dots per inch
655:
651:
647:
643:
632:
629:
621:
611:
607:
601:
600:
595:This section
593:
589:
584:
583:
571:
566:
562:
558:
556:
550:
548:
544:
540:
539:dots per inch
536:
532:
522:
499:
496:
491:
488:
483:
470:
458:
457:
456:
433:
430:
425:
422:
417:
404:
401:PPI (monitor)
392:
391:
390:
380:
377:
369:
359:
355:
351:
345:
344:
340:
335:This section
333:
329:
324:
323:
315:
312:
288:
280:
268:
267:
266:
264:
252:
249:
241:
231:
227:
223:
217:
216:
212:
207:This section
205:
201:
196:
195:
187:
185:
179:
174:
173:square pixels
170:
169:image scanner
166:
162:
158:
154:
153:pixel density
150:
146:
142:
138:
134:
124:
121:
113:
102:
99:
95:
92:
88:
85:
81:
78:
74:
71: –
70:
66:
65:Find sources:
59:
55:
49:
48:
43:This article
41:
37:
32:
31:
19:
2710:
2699:
2688:
2677:
2666:
2657:
2643:
2632:. Retrieved
2628:the original
2618:
2607:. Retrieved
2603:the original
2593:
2579:
2568:. Retrieved
2564:
2555:
2544:. Retrieved
2540:
2531:
2516:
2501:
2490:
2479:
2465:
2442:
2426:
2403:
2391:. Retrieved
2381:
2371:25 September
2369:. Retrieved
2359:
2340:
2328:. Retrieved
2318:
2306:. Retrieved
2299:the original
2286:
2274:. Retrieved
2264:
2246:
2228:
2211:
2193:
2137:
2129:
2125:
2121:
1702:
1698:
1686:
1683:
1587:Scale factor
1577:
1542:
1533:
1518:
1503:
1494:
1479:Please help
1467:
1444:
1440:
1406:
1351:= 108.8 PPI.
1299:= 117.5 PPI.
1033:
912:
854:
781:
772:
757:
751:screens (or
730:
723:
709:
694:
678:
666:
639:
624:
615:
604:Please help
599:verification
596:
559:
554:
551:
528:
519:
467:PPI (poster)
453:
387:
372:
363:
348:Please help
336:
310:
308:
262:
259:
244:
235:
220:Please help
208:
152:
148:
144:
140:
136:
132:
131:
116:
107:
97:
90:
83:
76:
64:
52:Please help
47:verification
44:
2102:Multi-page
1955:PSD and PSB
1727:Multi-page
1674:Metrication
1556:Oppo Find 7
1544:Smartphones
1539:Smartphones
745:screen size
650:centimetres
573:resolution.
2726:Categories
2634:2011-03-22
2609:2011-03-22
2570:2024-01-15
2546:2016-05-27
2435:LG Display
2419:Apple Inc.
2186:References
1678:See also:
1412:Apple Inc.
1243:= 138 PPI.
1191:= 163 PPI.
1139:= 188 PPI.
711:Holography
178:resolution
161:television
80:newspapers
2043:Unknown
2040:Unknown
1971:Optional
1899:Explicit
1802:Explicit
1468:does not
681:dot pitch
547:dot pitch
543:dithering
504: ppi
438: ppi
337:does not
289:∗
209:does not
149:pixels/cm
2450:Archived
2411:Archived
2348:Archived
2153:See also
2111:Density
1736:Density
1661:xxxhdpi
1497:May 2023
618:May 2023
531:halftone
366:May 2023
238:May 2023
180: —
110:May 2023
2737:Density
2180:PenTile
2085:Format
2034:Raster
1937:Raster
1915:Raster
1887:Length
1868:Raster
1843:Raster
1818:Raster
1790:Length
1749:Raster
1746:Length
1710:Format
1650:xxhdpi
1489:removed
1474:sources
1248:netbook
749:Full HD
737:WYSIWYG
358:removed
343:sources
230:removed
215:sources
94:scholar
2393:6 June
2330:22 May
2308:6 June
2276:6 June
2126:Length
2098:vector
2094:Raster
2068:Pixel
2031:Pixel
2006:Pixel
1934:Pixel
1912:Pixel
1865:Pixel
1840:Pixel
1815:Pixel
1723:vector
1719:Raster
1566:has a
913:where
753:WQUXGA
705:
673:
654:pixels
646:inches
545:. The
311:detail
165:camera
139:) and
96:
89:
82:
75:
67:
2302:(PDF)
2295:(PDF)
2256:(PDF)
2238:(PDF)
2220:(PDF)
2203:(PDF)
2130:pixel
2071:Both
2009:Both
1984:Both
1962:Both
1890:Both
1793:Both
1771:Both
1667:~640
1656:~480
1645:~320
1639:xhdpi
1634:~240
1623:~213
1620:1.33x
1617:tvdpi
1612:~160
1601:~120
1598:0.75x
1552:LG G6
184:pixel
101:JSTOR
87:books
2395:2008
2373:2011
2332:2014
2310:2008
2278:2008
2143:CSS2
2037:Yes
2027:WebP
2015:Yes
2012:Yes
2002:TIFF
1987:Yes
1940:Yes
1896:Yes
1893:Yes
1861:JPEG
1849:Yes
1846:Yes
1821:Yes
1799:Yes
1796:Yes
1742:Exif
1687:The
1631:1.5x
1628:hdpi
1606:mdpi
1595:ldpi
1590:DPI
1584:Name
1560:Sony
1529:DSLR
1472:any
1470:cite
1430:Dell
1421:The
1416:iMac
1389:21.5
1379:1080
1366:1920
1327:1440
1314:2560
1285:10.1
1262:1024
1219:2160
1206:3840
1167:2160
1154:3840
1115:4608
1102:8192
1073:15.6
1063:2880
1050:5120
701:SVGA
679:The
489:1920
423:1920
341:any
339:cite
213:any
211:cite
145:ppcm
73:news
2080:No
2077:No
2074:No
2064:XCF
1990:No
1977:SVG
1965:No
1949:No
1946:No
1943:No
1930:PPM
1918:No
1908:PNG
1883:PDF
1871:No
1855:No
1852:No
1836:ICO
1830:No
1827:No
1824:No
1811:GIF
1786:EPS
1774:No
1689:PNG
1664:4x
1653:3x
1562:'s
1483:by
1275:600
689:LCD
687:or
669:XGA
608:by
352:by
293:PPI
224:by
167:or
159:or
147:or
137:ppi
56:by
2728::
2563:.
2539:.
2433:,
2417:,
1764:AI
1642:2x
1609:1x
1568:4K
1423:HP
1337:27
1229:32
1177:27
1125:50
719:μm
664:.
500:40
492:48
434:96
426:20
2651:.
2637:.
2612:.
2587:.
2573:.
2549:.
2525:.
2510:.
2473:.
2456:(
2397:.
2375:.
2334:.
2312:.
2280:.
2258:.
2240:.
2205:.
2096:/
1721:/
1510:)
1504:(
1499:)
1495:(
1491:.
1477:.
1383:2
1375:+
1370:2
1331:2
1323:+
1318:2
1279:2
1271:+
1266:2
1223:2
1215:+
1210:2
1171:2
1163:+
1158:2
1119:2
1111:+
1106:2
1067:2
1059:+
1054:2
1016:i
1012:d
987:p
983:d
958:p
954:h
929:p
925:w
894:i
890:d
884:p
880:d
874:=
871:I
868:P
865:P
855::
835:2
830:p
826:h
822:+
817:2
812:p
808:w
802:=
797:p
793:d
782::
648:/
631:)
625:(
620:)
616:(
602:.
497:=
484:=
471:=
431:=
418:=
405:=
379:)
373:(
368:)
364:(
360:.
346:.
281:=
251:)
245:(
240:)
236:(
232:.
218:.
143:(
135:(
123:)
117:(
112:)
108:(
98:·
91:·
84:·
77:·
50:.
20:)
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