Pit bull - Knowledge

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breed-specific problem with fatalities." Pit bull–type dogs were identified in approximately one-third of dog bite-related fatalities in the United States between 1981 and 1992. The review notes that studies on dog bite-related fatalities which collect information by surveying news reports are subject to potential errors, as some fatal attacks may not have been reported, a study might not find all relevant news reports, and the dog breed might be misidentified. However, after 2000 the CDC stopped tracking dog bites, and in 2001, Julie Gilchrist, a CDC pediatrician and epidemiologist, stated that part of the reason the CDC stopped collecting dog bite data was because "making meaningful analysis nearly impossible".

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recommend that shelters stop labeling breeds to improve pit bull adoption rates. Pit bulls also have higher rates of unsuccessful adoptions, and are more likely than other kinds of dogs to be returned to a shelter multiple times and eventually euthanized. Whether pit bull adoptions fail more often than other types of dog due to breed behavioral traits, or due to public stigma, is not known, but in general the most common reasons why shelter dog adoptions fail are behavioral problems or incompatibility with the adopter's existing pets.

236:. In addition to being a breed registry, the United Kennel Club also regulated dogfights. In the 1930s the American Kennel Club was faced with a dilemma: whilst not wishing to condone dogfighting, there was a desire to recognise a uniquely American dog breed for which over 30 years of breed records existed. The solution was to recognise Pit Bull Terriers under a different name and prohibit these dogs from being used in organised fights, and in 1935 the American Kennel Club recognised Pit Bull Terriers as Staffordshire Terriers. 702: 283: 675: 56: 400:(CDC), as well as academic veterinary researchers. The interpretation of these studies, breed identification and relevance issues, and variable circumstances have given rise to intense controversy. Additionally, researchers on both sides of the pit bull debate rarely disclose when they are being funded by lobbyists, leading to a risk that the scientific literature on pit bulls has been influenced by money. 367:

compared with other dog breeds, pit bulls were more likely to inflict complex injuries, are more likely to attack unprovoked, and are more likely to go off property to do so. Pit bull–type dogs are more frequently identified with cases involving very severe injuries or fatalities than other breeds, but a 2007 study suggested this may relate to the popularity of the breed, noting that sled dogs, such as

136:, along with any crossbred dog that shares certain physical characteristics with these breeds. In other countries, including the United Kingdom, the term is used as an abbreviation of the American Pit Bull Terrier breed specifically, while the Staffordshire Bull Terrier is not considered a pit bull. Most pit bull–type dogs descend from the British bull and terrier, a 19th-century 404:

bull–type dogs, like other terriers, hunting and bull-baiting breeds, can exhibit a bite, hold, and shake behavior and at times refuse to release. Pit bulls also have wide skulls, well-developed facial muscles, and strong jaws, and some research suggests that pit bull bites are particularly serious because they tend to bite deeply and grind their molars into tissue. Breaking an

359:, and Rottweilers (in that order) for the most bites severe enough to require hospital treatment. The study found that the proportion of bites caused by German Shepherds decreased by 0.63 percent per year over that time interval while the proportion caused by pit bulls increased by 1.17 percent per year. The pit bull proportion of dog bites increased more slowly in 217:, was often also pitted against its own kind in organised dog fights, but it was found that lighter, faster dogs were better suited to dogfighting than the heavier Bulldog. To produce a lighter, faster, more agile dog that retained the courage and tenacity of the Bulldog, outcrosses from local terriers were tried, and ultimately found to be successful. 160:

dangerous, offering competing interpretations on dog bite statistics, independent organizations have published statistics based on hospital records showing pit bulls are responsible for more than half of dog bite incidents among all breeds despite comprising only 6% of pet dogs. Some insurance companies will not cover pit bulls (along with

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bite liability claims by putting restrictions on dog owners that they insure. These restrictions include refusing to cover dog bites under the insurance policy, increasing insurance rates for homeowners with specific breeds, requiring owners of specific breeds to take special training or have their dogs pass the American Kennel Club

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Many people consider pit bulls undesirable, making it harder for animal shelters to adopt them out. Surveys have found that animal shelter workers intentionally misidentify pit bulls to improve their adoption rates, or to avoid euthanizing them in jurisdictions where they are banned. Animal advocates

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for all damage caused by their dog, regardless of carelessness or foreknowledge of a dog's tendencies. Homeowners and renters insurance policies typically provide liability coverage from US$ 100,000–300,000 for injuries inflicted by dogs; however, some insurance companies limit their exposure to dog

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for injuries inflicted or caused by their dogs. In general, owners are considered liable if they were unreasonably careless in handling or restraining the dog, or if they knew beforehand that the dog had a tendency to cause injury (e.g., bite); however, dog owners are automatically considered liable

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prohibits the ownership of American Pit Bull Terriers, along with three other breeds; the Act also bans the breeding, sale and exchange of these dogs. Similar legislation exists in Australia. Under Irish law, American Pit Bull Terriers must be led by someone at least 16 years of age, kept on a short

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and pit bulls displayed serious aggression towards other dogs. Although there may be a connection between breed of dog and aggression towards humans, the difficulty of classifying dog attacks by specific breed after the fact has made this point controversial and debated. Violent interactions between

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The term has been used since at least the early 20th century. It is believed all dogs that are now classified as pit bulls descend from the British bull-and-terrier, which were first imported into North America in the 1870s. The bull-and-terrier was a breed of dog developed in the United Kingdom in

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Pit bulls were originally developed from dogs that were bred for bull baiting and dog fighting. Pit bull attacks are often perceived as taking place "without warning", possibly due to the type's fighting heritage, as fighting dogs that do not signal aggression may do better in the ring. However,

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In a 2014 literature review of dog bite studies, the American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA) argues that breed is a poor sole predictor of dog bites. According to the AVMA, controlled studies have not identified pit bulls as disproportionately dangerous, but other studies have found that,

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Despite criminalisation, illegal fights using pit bull–type dogs have continued to be widespread in the United States. In the 1990s in that country it was estimated 1,500 dogs died annually in organised fights, and by the mid-2000s it was estimated over 40,000 people were involved in the illegal

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debate over whether aggressive tendencies in pit bulls may be appropriately attributed to owners' poor care for and competency to handle the dog or inherent qualities owing to their breeding for fighting purposes. While some studies have argued that pit bull–type dogs are not disproportionately

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Owners of rental properties may also be held liable if they knew an aggressive dog was living on their property and they did nothing to ensure the safety of other tenants at the property; as a result, many rental properties forbid pit bull–type dogs and any other breeds if the rental property's

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Many of the jurisdictions that restrict pit bulls apply their restriction to the modern American Pit Bull Terrier, American Staffordshire Terrier, Staffordshire Bull Terrier, and any other dog that has the substantial physical characteristics and appearance of those breeds, such as the Canadian

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Pit bulls are known for their tenacity and refusal to release a bite, even in the face of great pain. A popular myth mischaracterized pit bulls as having "locking jaws." The refusal to let go is a behavioral, not physiological trait, and there is no locking mechanism in a pit bull's jaws. Pit

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and pit bull–type dogs accounted for 67% of human dog bite-related fatalities in the United States between 1997 and 1998, and followed with "It is extremely unlikely that they accounted for anywhere near 60% of dogs in the United States during that same period and, thus, there appears to be a

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Breed-specific legislation has been largely found to be ineffective at reducing the number of dog attacks. Research has indicated that there is resistance by those who work in the adoption industry, applying a sharper distinction before allowing a dog to be labelled as a pit bull, as well as

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As it was in the UK, dog fighting became a popular pastime in 19th century America and bull-and-terriers were imported to the New World to pursue the blood sport. In the United States, organised dog fights have been progressively outlawed in various states since 1874, culminating in federal

168:) because these particular dogs cause a disproportionate rate of bite incidents. Dog bite severity varies by the breed of dog, and studies have found that pit bull–type dogs have both a high rate of reported bites and a high rate of severe injuries, compared to other non–pit bull–type dogs. 295:

Studies have found that when people involved in dog rescue, adoption, and regulation identify the breed of a dog of mixed parentage, this identification did not always correlate with the DNA analysis of that dog. Mixed-breed dogs are often labeled as pit bulls if they have certain physical

577:, are not permitted for transport in the cabin, or as baggage or cargo. These so-called "attack dogs" do not belong to a particular breed, but are similar in morphology to the following: Staffordshire Bull Terriers or American Staffordshire Terriers (pit bulls), Mastiffs and Tosas. 1435: 3741: 482:, an increase over the 2,323 that were registered ten years earlier. The dogs are permitted under a system of exemptions that are contingent on owners complying with special rules, such as muzzling them in public and having liability insurance. 2621: 296:

characteristics, such as a square-shaped head or bulky body type. However, courts have also found that scientific precision is not required when determining breed and that a dog owner of ordinary intelligence can identify a pit bull.

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In a 2021 review of 19 retrospective dog bite studies from U.S. Level I trauma centers, pit bulls were found to inflict a higher prevalence and severity of injuries compared with other breeds. A 2020 literature review in

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Pit bull–type dogs are extensively used in the United States for dogfighting, a practice that has continued despite being outlawed. Several nations and jurisdictions restrict the ownership of pit bull–type dogs through

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blood sport. Pit bull–type dogs are also used by criminal organisations to guard illegal narcotics, and to intimidate and attack civilians, other criminals and police, the type becoming a status symbol in American

155:, the number of high-profile attacks documented in the media over decades, and their proclivity to latching on while biting. Proponents of the type and advocates of regulation have engaged in a highly contentious 3079: 3731: 252:; these efforts were successful in 1935. In order to avoid confusion with the British breed, in 1972 the American Kennel Club changed the name of their American breed to the American Staffordshire Terrier. 239:

The name "Staffordshire Bull Terrier" was first used in Britain in 1930 in advertisements for bull-and-terrier-type dogs. Organised dog fighting had been effectively eliminated in the United Kingdom by the

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There is a lobby of animal rights groups that are spending millions of dollars to try to rebrand pit bulls as family dogs. In efforts to counter negative perceptions about pit bull–type dogs, both the

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Bailey, Chad M.; Hinchcliff, Katharine M.; Moore, Zachary; Pu, Lee L.Q. (November 2020). "Dog Bites in the United States from 1971 to 2018: A Systematic Review of the Peer-Reviewed Literature".

3815: 3301: 2234: 1179: 2094: 3410: 176:. A pro–pit bull lobby exists that spends millions of dollars a year promoting pit bulls as family pets, funding pro-pit bull researchers, and opposing laws that regulate their ownership. 513:

insurance will not cover damage inflicted by that type of dog. The dog breeds most often not covered by insurance companies include pit bull–type dogs, Rottweilers, German Shepherd Dogs,

228:, but because of the type's association with dogfighting, the club rejected these entreaties. Following this rejection, in 1898 breeders of American Pit Bull Terriers established a rival 2917: 1501: 464:

Courts in the United States and Canada have ruled that expert identification, when using published breed standards, is sufficient for the enforcement of breed-specific legislation.

3028:"An Act to amend the Dog Owners' Liability Act to increase public safety in relation to dogs, including pit bulls, and to make related amendments to the Animals for Research Act" 765:

In 2005, two American lawyers used a pit bull logo and the phone number 1-800-PIT-BULL in a television advertisement to convey that they were "especially fierce litigators". The

4255: 3279: 1137: 371:, were involved in a majority of fatal dog attacks in some areas of Canada. Bite statistics by breed are no longer tracked by the CDC, and are discouraged by the AVMA and the 509:

test, requiring owners to restrict their dogs with muzzles, chains, or enclosures, and refusing to write policies for homeowners or renters who have specific breeds of dogs.

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Clarke NM. A survey of urban Canadian animal control practices : the effect of enforcement and resourcing on the reported dog bite rate, Master of Science — MSc 2009

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Hanna, TL, Selby LA. Characteristics of the human and pet populations in animal bite incidents recorded at two Air Force bases. Public Health Rep. 1981;96:580-584.

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strong lead, be muzzled, and wear a collar bearing the name and address of their owner in public at all times. In Germany the importation of pit bulls is banned.

2207: 1760: 4930: 3031: 2894: 1858: 3235: 1658: 4053: 3293: 1171: 574: 2230: 1599: 1209: 3173: 3116: 2086: 3418: 590:"We have determined that untrained, pit bull–type dogs posing as both service and support animals are a potential safety risk", the airline said. 3246: 2559: 1948: 2921: 1497: 1460: 383:, and owners' over-confidence in their ability to interpret those signs. In fighting with dogs of other breeds, pit bulls, German Shepherds, 4027: 3148: 2796:"Characterizing unsuccessful animal adoptions: age and breed predict the likelihood of return, reasons for return and post-return outcomes" 4224: 3564: 2526: 4925: 3931: 3209: 2355:"What's in a Name? Effect of Breed Perceptions & Labeling on Attractiveness, Adoptions & Length of Stay for Pit-Bull-Type Dogs" 1534: 467:

Debates often center on whether apparent aggressive tendencies are the result of poor dog ownership or natural behaviors of the breed.

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Olson, K. R.; Levy, J. K.; Norby, B.; Crandall, J. E.; Broadhurst, S.; Jacks, S.; Barton, R. C.; Zimmerman, M. S. (November 2015).

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found that from 1971 to 2018 of all pure breed dogs in the United States, pit bull–type breeds were second, behind the

276: 261: 4154: 670:'s right-hand dog, who was known for his mellow temperament and his ability to interact calmly with ill-mannered dogs. 3707: 2520: 1124: 1091: 816:"Is that dog a pit bull? A cross-country comparison of perceptions of shelter workers regarding breed identification" 690: 540:. A spokeswoman for Farmers said that those groups account for more than a quarter of the agency's dog bite claims. 3008: 619:, a mongrel at times referred to as a pit bull, though commonly seen as a non pit bull–type terrier, is the dog in 1348:"Pediatric Dog Bites to the Face May Have Been Less Severe During COVID-19 Pandemic: A Retrospective Cohort Study" 3697: 3353: 2675: 1986:

Reuter Muñoz, K. D.; Powell, L. E.; Andersen, E. S.; Nye, A. D.; Powers, J. M.; Rhodes, J.; Pozez, A. L. (2021).

454:, Colorado lifted its longstanding ban on the breed in 2021 following a referendum that voted to repeal the ban. 3732:"Here's a short history of the American war dog starring 'Sergeant Stubby,' a canine hero who served during WWI" 4734: 4431: 3027: 2646:

Clark, Ross D.; Stainer, Joan R.; Haynes, H. David; Buckner, Ralph; Mosier, Jacob; Quinn, Art J., eds. (1983).

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Duffy, DL., Hsu, Y. Serpell, JA. Breed differences in canine aggression. Appl Anim Behav Sci 2008;114:441–460.

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Feigin and Cherry's textbook of pediatric infectious diseases — Animal and Human Bites, Morven S. Edwards

1201: 4143:"Text-Only NPR.org : Friend Or Fiend? 'Pit Bull' Explores The History Of America's Most Feared Dog" 3647: 3184: 2260: 1790: 184: 4836: 4759: 4469: 4401: 3105: 1955: 686: 438:(BSL) in several jurisdictions. In two cases, breed-specific bans have been reversed by city councils. 435: 429: 173: 129: 73: 3239: 2548: 536:

notified policyholders in California that it will no longer cover bites by pit bulls, Rottweilers and

244:, but devotees of the bull-and-terrier type continued to breed these dogs, predominantly in England's 4816: 4729: 4702: 4090: 2730:

Ellis, Jennifer Lynn; Thomason, Jeffrey; Kebreab, Ermias; Zubair, Kasim; France, James (March 2009).

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Despite being a banned breed, in 2023 there were 3,316 registered pit bull–type dogs in England and

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In the 1890s breeders of American pit bull–type dogs attempted to have their dogs recognised by the

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Pit bull–type dogs have a controversial reputation as pets internationally, due to their history in

4785: 4181: 4176: 2716: 1849: 1595: 766: 733: 248:. Throughout the early 1930s attempts were made in England to gain recognition for these dogs with 35: 3546:

Tails from the Afterlife: Stories of Signs, Messages & Inspiration from your Animal Companions

1972: 1706: 4628: 4017: 3212:. Center for Constitutional Studies, University of Alberta, Canada. June 12, 2009. Archived from 3141: 3001: 1621: 471: 17: 3954: 3587: 2301: 4795: 4754: 4623: 4568: 4386: 4288: 4022: 2199: 721: 4204: 3988: 2439:

Roll, A.; Unshelm, J. (1997). "Aggressive conflicts amongst dogs and factors affecting them".

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Beauty and the Beast: Human-Animal Relations as Revealed in Real Photo Postcards, 1905–1935

3622: 3383: 2807: 2366: 1949:"Breeds of dogs involved in fatal human attacks in the United States between 1979 and 1998" 1810: 1653: 392: 225: 60:

A selection of dog breeds sometimes classified as pit bull types. Clockwise from top left:

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or status symbol. Pit bulls have been cultural symbols in "urban ghettos" and a part of

4940: 4553: 4512: 4484: 4391: 4376: 4366: 4336: 3848: 3820: 3796: 3675: 2828: 2795: 2764: 2731: 2616: 2389: 2354: 2145: 2061: 2015: 1833: 1798: 1686: 1529: 1427: 1372: 1347: 1321: 840: 815: 747: 682: 678: 651: 610: 602: 352: 272: 265: 233: 2452: 662:, who, while protecting her owner, was shot by police in a video that went viral, and 314: 4849: 4800: 4464: 4426: 4421: 4406: 4281: 4214: 4094: 3994: 3962: 3958: 3921: 3786: 3703: 3679: 3665: 3626: 3554: 3511: 3471: 3380:"Homeowners Insurance Available to Breeds Previously Excluded with CGC Certification" 2833: 2769: 2751: 2747: 2706: 2655: 2516: 2474: 2456: 2394: 2302:"New research reveals links between dog attacks and misunderstanding of dog behavior" 2283: 2149: 2137: 2065: 2053: 2019: 2007: 1838: 1779: 1736: 1431: 1407: 1377: 1313: 1305: 1241: 1120: 1087: 1032: 952: 845: 729: 717: 533: 380: 3379: 3082:. Agri-Food and Veterinary Authority of Singapore. November 15, 2010. Archived from 1325: 4875: 4744: 4716: 4613: 4608: 4583: 4441: 4371: 4331: 3778: 3657: 3653: 2971: 2823: 2815: 2759: 2743: 2651: 2448: 2384: 2374: 2332: 2328: 2275: 2129: 2045: 1999: 1828: 1818: 1769: 1726: 1419: 1367: 1359: 1297: 942: 835: 827: 501: 360: 133: 113: 69: 31: 3234: 1988:"Analysis of Pediatric Dog Bite Injuries at a Level 1 Trauma Center over 10 Years" 1086:. North Pomfret, VT: Trafalgar Square Publishing. pp. 346–347 & 363–365. 701: 387:

and Rottweilers were often the aggressor, and more than twenty percent of studied

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recent research suggests that this perception may reflect a lack of knowledge of

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Hoffman, Christy L.; Harrison, Natalie; Wolff, London; Westgarth, Carri (2014).

282: 4739: 4724: 4692: 4687: 4341: 4210: 4049: 3501: 2819: 2133: 1731: 1714: 1423: 1363: 1264: 1079: 947: 930: 522: 368: 125: 3661: 3013: 2855:"When it comes to pit bulls, animal shelter workers intentionally misidentify" 2162:

Raghavan M. Fatal dog attacks in Canada, 1990–2007. Can Vet J. 2008;49:577–581

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Pet Projects: Animal Fiction and Taxidermy in the Nineteenth-Century Archive

2117: 1987: 1947:

Sacks, Jeffrey J.; Sinclair, Leslie; Gilchrist, Julie (September 15, 2000).

674: 4887: 4749: 4682: 4618: 4142: 2918:"Roeland Park City Council revisits pit bull ban, in place since the 1980s" 2837: 2773: 2398: 2287: 2141: 2057: 2011: 1842: 1783: 1740: 1381: 1317: 956: 849: 667: 646: 411:

and holding it up to the dog's nose can cause the dog to release its hold.

257: 214: 210: 152: 137: 95: 1799:"A canine identity crisis: Genetic breed heritage testing of shelter dogs" 548:

The following table has a sampling of air carrier embargoes on pit bulls.

4891: 4883: 4780: 4697: 4672: 4603: 4361: 3871:"Unleashed: RIP to Cesar Millan's beloved companion 'Daddy' the pit bull" 3768: 2353:

Gunter, Lisa M.; Barber, Rebecca T.; Wynne, Clive D.L. (March 23, 2016).

1973:"The dangerous dog debate | American Veterinary Medical Association" 1024: 789: 770: 663: 640: 396:

humans and canines have been studied by the U.S. government, notably the

388: 229: 198: 194: 4899: 3955:"THE BLACK MAN'S DOG: THE SOCIAL CONTEXT OF BREED SPECIFIC LEGISLATION" 3467:"Delta bans pit bulls as emotional support animals, citing dog attacks" 3324: 713: 659: 565: 384: 335: 161: 3782: 3702:(First New American Library ed.). New York: Penguin. p. 15. 2679: 1117:

Staffordshire Bull Terriers: a practical guide for owners and breeders

461:, also classify the modern American Bulldog as a "pit bull–type dog". 116:. In the United States, the term is usually considered to include the 4662: 4494: 4474: 1859:"Irrationality Unleashed: The Pitfalls of Breed-Specific Legislation" 1172:"What makes an animal dangerous? The nature v nurture debate in dogs" 526: 518: 514: 458: 356: 260:. On the other side of the law, pit bull–type dogs have been used by 1715:"Inconsistent identification of pit bull–type dogs by shelter staff" 931:"Inconsistent identification of pit bull–type dogs by shelter staff" 4895: 4451: 4304: 4169: 3816:"NYC street dog, shot in the face, had long journey to loving home" 3055:"Denver election results for 2J: Voters repeal city's pit bull ban" 2587:. American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals. 2013. 1525:"Shooting highlights the risks dogs pose to police, and vice versa" 725: 434:

Widely reported pit bull attacks have resulted in the enactment of

305: 109: 55: 3344: 3342: 2972:"Australian officials to kill pit bulls, other 'dangerous' breeds" 4677: 3592: 537: 447: 405: 165: 3807: 3763: 3761: 3759: 4120: 3699:

Soldier dogs : the untold story of America's canine heroes

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Pit Bulls being sold as Staffy crosses by the RSPCA, Australia

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Duffy, D.L.; Hsu, Yuying; Serpell, James A. (April 18, 2008).

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San Francisco Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals

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The I in Team: Sports Fandom and the Reproduction of Identity

3756: 3020: 2732:"Cranial dimensions and forces of biting in the domestic dog" 1985: 813: 635:, a dog of disputed breed who served for the 102nd Infantry, 479: 4042: 3142:"Certeriorari — Summary Dispositions (Order List: 552 U.S.)" 1954:. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Archived from 1756:"Rethinking dog breed identification in veterinary practice" 712:

Owning dogs like pit bulls and Rottweilers can be seen as a

201:. It was created by crossing the ferocious, thickly muscled 4273: 3183:. Ontario Court of Appeal. October 24, 2008. Archived from 972:"Bark vs. bite: A look at the stigma surrounding pit bulls" 4116:"Lagunitas Brewing Co. says pit bull label proving no dog" 2729: 2475:"Pitbull Myths vs. Fact — Animal Rescuers Without Borders" 736:

have used a specific graphic of a pit bull as their logo.

4648: 4150: 3411:"Insurance companies unfairly target specific dog breeds" 2645: 1485:. Neptune City, N.J.: TFH Publications. pp. 117–121. 1138:"The Most Feared Dogs May Also Be the Most Misunderstood" 759: 755: 724:, pit bulls have been adopted as a hate symbol by racist 373:

American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals

209:. The aggressive Old English Bulldog, which was bred for 4206:

The Right to Earn a Living: Economic Freedom and the Law

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Franklin, Deirdre; Lombardi, Linda (November 22, 2016).

3441:"Animals prohibited from traveling — Air France airline" 1346:

Taylor, Jeffrey Q.; Krieger, Rachel (January 13, 2023).

2035: 322:

A 2000 joint review project between researchers in the

4248:"Court disciplines lawyers for '1-800 PIT BULL' TV ad" 3893:"Farewell, Friend: Cesar Millan Says Goodbye to Daddy" 2941:. The American Veterinary Society of Animal Behavior. 2558:. Court of Appeals of Ohio, Sixth Appellate District. 2208:

Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association

1946: 1761:

Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association

1498:"Pit bulls becoming drug dealers weapon of preference" 1290:

International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology

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Dogs: the ultimate dictionary of over 1,000 dog breeds

928: 363:, where breed-specific legislation had been in place. 4073: 3771:(2016). "Chapter Six. Fable for the End of a Breed". 3325:"Thousands of banned dogs living at home with owners" 1119:, Ramsbury, Wiltshire: The Crowood Press Ltd., 2016, 754:. The above-mentioned Nipper appeared in the logo of 3202: 1453: 3946: 3588:"Problem Line: [ALL EDITIONS 1] - ProQuest" 2115: 1284:Essig, Garth F.; Sheehan, Cameron (February 2019). 221:legislation criminalising animal fighting in 2007. 4012: 4010: 3294:"Customs online - Dangerous dogs - Dangerous dogs" 3236:Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs 3147:. United States Supreme Court. February 19, 2008. 3030:. Government of Ontario, Canada. August 29, 2005. 2936:"Position Statement on Breed-Specific Legislation" 1857: 1265:Some dog breeds too risky for insurance companies. 1031:. New York: DK Publishing. p. 172 & 181. 279:have unsuccessfully attempted to rename the type. 2508: 2352: 2261:"Mortality, Mauling, and Maiming by Vicious Dogs" 2087:"Dog Bite Risk and Prevention: The Role of Breed" 1240:(2nd ed., Kindle ed.). John Wiley and Sons. 575:French Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Forestry 4912: 4177:"NIPPER' ADVERTISING TRADE MARK FOR HMV, 1940's" 3614: 30:"Pitbull" redirects here. For the musician, see 4007: 2965: 2963: 2678:. Pit Bull Rescue Central. 2008. Archived from 2432: 2314: 2116:Khan, K.; Horswell, B. B.; Samanta, D. (2020). 1480: 870:. Oxford University Press. 2020. Archived from 2849: 2847: 2793: 2654:: Veterinary Medicine Publishing. p. 27. 2648:Medical & Genetic Aspects of Purebred Dogs 2641: 2639: 2259:Bini, John K.; Cohn, Stephen M. (April 2011). 4289: 3980: 2200:"A community approach to dog bite prevention" 1592:"Protecting the Nation — One Sniff at a Time" 1523:Baker, Al; Warren, Mathew R. (July 9, 2009). 1345: 423: 4079: 3993:. University of Chicago Press. p. 166. 3844:"Whispering to Rottweilers, and to C.E.O.'s" 3639: 3240:"Dangerous Dogs Law: Guidance for Enforcers" 2960: 1283: 495:Dog owners in the United States can be held 299: 4931:Dog breeds originating in the United States 2887:"Aurora May Lift Citywide Ban On Pit Bulls" 2844: 2636: 2438: 2081: 2079: 2077: 2075: 1522: 1405: 1259: 1257: 543: 4296: 4282: 3917:Soul Friends: Finding Healing with Animals 3618:The Pit Bull Life: A Dog Lover's Companion 3585: 3507:Pit Bull: The Battle over an American Icon 2794:Powell, Lauren; Reinhard, Chelsea (2021). 2694: 2504: 2502: 1682:"NYC; Rebrand Fido? An idea best put down" 1169: 485: 398:Centers for Disease Control and Prevention 324:Centers for Disease Control and Prevention 54: 3692: 3496: 3494: 2827: 2789: 2787: 2785: 2783: 2763: 2577: 2388: 2378: 2346: 2122:Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery 2031: 2029: 1832: 1822: 1773: 1730: 1590:Lewin, Adrienne Mand (October 12, 2005). 1481:Wilcox, Bonnie; Walkowicz, Chris (1995). 1476: 1474: 1472: 1470: 1401: 1399: 1397: 1395: 1393: 1391: 1371: 1352:Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery 1231: 1229: 1227: 1111: 1109: 1107: 1105: 1103: 1074: 1072: 1070: 1068: 946: 891: 889: 839: 820:Journal of Applied Animal Welfare Science 809: 807: 805: 4202: 4054:"It's time to stop demonizing pit bulls" 4048: 3542: 3016:on October 30, 2021 – via YouTube. 2317:"Breed differences in canine aggression" 2258: 2192: 2072: 1679: 1254: 1066: 1064: 1062: 1060: 1058: 1056: 1054: 1052: 1050: 1048: 1019: 1017: 746:Pit bulls have appeared in the logos of 700: 673: 313: 281: 183: 140:type developed from crosses between the 4245: 3841: 3586:Richterman, Anita (September 1, 1987). 3390:from the original on September 14, 2010 3322: 3052: 2915: 2705:. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier/Saunders. 2603: 2565:from the original on September 16, 2009 2499: 2254: 2252: 2091:American Veterinary Medical Association 1753: 1646: 1015: 1013: 1011: 1009: 1007: 1005: 1003: 1001: 999: 997: 924: 922: 332:American Veterinary Medical Association 14: 4913: 3986: 3952: 3913: 3646:Young, Elizabeth (December 17, 2019). 3500: 3491: 3228: 3176:Cochrane v. Ontario (Attorney General) 2969: 2780: 2700: 2624:from the original on November 22, 2015 2487:from the original on February 10, 2015 2231:"ASPCA Policy and Position Statements" 2097:from the original on December 30, 2014 2026: 1796: 1622:"The Fifth Estate: Pitbulls Unleashed" 1537:from the original on November 16, 2012 1504:from the original on December 21, 2019 1467: 1388: 1224: 1100: 1078: 886: 802: 490: 457:However, a few jurisdictions, such as 4776:English Toy Terrier (Black & Tan) 4277: 4083:; Bogdan, Robert (November 5, 2010). 3813: 3767: 3645: 3408: 3110:, 114 Ohio St.3d 278, 2007-Ohio-3724" 2897:from the original on October 24, 2014 2609: 2591:from the original on October 22, 2013 2423: 2180:from the original on October 19, 2019 2171: 1712: 1661:from the original on February 9, 2012 1589: 1277: 1235: 1182:from the original on October 14, 2019 1170:Glazebrook, Louise (April 13, 2016). 1165: 1163: 1045: 1023: 969: 856: 769:ruled that this use was in breach of 414: 334:(AVMA) found the data indicated that 4258:from the original on August 20, 2020 4227:from the original on August 20, 2020 4157:from the original on August 20, 2020 3934:from the original on August 20, 2020 3567:from the original on August 20, 2020 3524:from the original on August 20, 2020 3510:. Knopf Doubleday Publishing Group. 3053:Swanson, Conrad (November 4, 2020). 2970:DeRosa, Angie (September 29, 2011). 2529:from the original on August 20, 2020 2509:D. Caroline Coile (April 18, 2011). 2249: 1920: 1680:Haberman, Clyde (January 13, 2004). 1495: 1463:. The Dog fancier. 1903. p. 28. 1441:from the original on August 20, 2020 994: 963: 919: 739:Pit bulls have appeared in American 649:, a character from the movie series 596: 4114:Liu, Cynthia (September 24, 2004). 4113: 3744:from the original on August 5, 2015 3729: 3415:Humane Society of the United States 2982:from the original on March 19, 2015 1940: 1874:from the original on March 26, 2019 1602:from the original on March 22, 2007 1567:(#10). October 2002. Archived from 1406:Kalof, Linda; Taylor, Carl (2007). 907:from the original on March 27, 2019 655:, was played by pit bull–type dogs. 607:11th Pennsylvania Infantry Regiment 573:Category 1 dogs, as defined by the 328:Humane Society of the United States 188:Early 19th century bull-and-terrier 24: 4030:from the original on July 13, 2020 3873:. Michigan Live. February 23, 2010 3479:from the original on July 18, 2018 3447:from the original on July 26, 2018 3360:from the original on June 15, 2009 3304:from the original on July 28, 2019 3282:from the original on May 10, 2019. 2237:from the original on June 16, 2019 2211:. June 1, 2001. pp. 1731–1749 2038:Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery 1649:"Shouldn't we just kill this dog?" 1160: 658:Twenty-first century dogs include 345:Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery 277:Center for Animal Care and Control 262:U.S. Customs and Border Protection 25: 4952: 4926:Dog breeds originating in England 3987:Tarver, Erin C. (June 26, 2017). 3920:. Dog Ear Publishing. p. 8. 3842:Wallace, Amy (October 10, 2009). 3252:from the original on July 4, 2011 3154:from the original on June 7, 2010 3122:from the original on May 12, 2009 3034:from the original on July 2, 2010 2948:from the original on May 27, 2020 2612:"The pit bull: friend and killer" 2553:, -REVERSED-, 2006-Ohio-975, ¶25" 1921:Lynn, Colleen (August 31, 2015). 1855: 1694:from the original on May 21, 2013 1647:Cothran, George (June 11, 1997). 1212:from the original on May 13, 2020 691:Gettysburg National Military Park 290: 4239: 4196: 4135: 4107: 3012:. March 14, 2012. Archived from 2863:. September 2014. Archived from 2748:10.1111/j.1469-7580.2008.01042.x 2441:Applied Animal Behaviour Science 2321:Applied Animal Behaviour Science 1483:Atlas of dog breeds of the world 982:from the original on May 8, 2019 970:Allen, Jenna (August 31, 2017). 783: 112:believed to have descended from 108:is an umbrella term for several 3907: 3885: 3863: 3835: 3723: 3686: 3608: 3579: 3536: 3459: 3433: 3402: 3372: 3354:Insurance Information Institute 3316: 3286: 3272:"Control and ownership of dogs" 3264: 3166: 3134: 3098: 3072: 3046: 2994: 2928: 2909: 2879: 2723: 2668: 2541: 2467: 2414: 2405: 2308: 2294: 2223: 2165: 2156: 2109: 1979: 1965: 1914: 1900: 1894:Colorado Dog Fanciers v. Denver 1886: 1673: 1640: 1614: 1583: 1549: 1516: 1489: 1408:"The discourse of dog fighting" 1339: 1194: 442:objections from veterinarians. 193:the early 19th century for the 4735:American Staffordshire Terrier 4432:Villanuco de Las Encartaciones 3814:Ursch, Blake (July 29, 2016). 2333:10.1016/j.applanim.2008.04.006 1500:. United Press International. 1144:. July 3, 2016. Archived from 1130: 903:. Merriam-Webster, Inc. 2020. 696: 242:Protection of Animals Act 1911 205:with the agile, lithe, feisty 122:American Staffordshire Terrier 66:American Staffordshire Terrier 13: 1: 3777:. Columbia University Press. 3774:With Dogs at the Edge of Life 2620:. Vol. 67, no. #4. 2610:Swift, E.M. (July 27, 1987). 2453:10.1016/S0168-1591(96)01125-2 1754:Simpson, Robert John (2012). 1496:Cook, Frank (June 29, 1987). 795: 643:, has been called a pit bull. 4303: 3323:Savage, Danny; Green, Ruth. 2380:10.1371/journal.pone.0146857 2280:10.1097/SLA.0b013e318211cd68 2050:10.1097/PRS.0000000000007253 2004:10.1097/SAP.0000000000002928 1824:10.1371/journal.pone.0202633 1302:10.1016/j.ijporl.2018.11.028 1202:"The Problem With Pit Bulls" 832:10.1080/10888705.2014.895904 500:if local laws hold an owner 318:A pit bull with cropped ears 7: 4639:West Highland White Terrier 4417:Soft-coated Wheaten Terrier 2585:"The Truth About Pit Bulls" 1557:"Cool K-9 Popsicle retires" 1461:"The Dog fancier v.12 1903" 1236:Coile, D. Caroline (2021). 1029:The encyclopedia of the dog 776: 10: 4957: 4760:Staffordshire Bull Terrier 4402:Ratonero Bodeguero Andaluz 4203:Sandefur, Timothy (2010). 2820:10.1038/s41598-021-87649-2 2174:"The dangerous dog debate" 2134:10.1016/j.joms.2019.11.002 1732:10.1016/j.tvjl.2015.07.019 1424:10.1177/016059760703100403 1364:10.1016/j.joms.2022.12.018 1270:September 4, 2015, at the 948:10.1016/j.tvjl.2015.07.019 901:Merriam-Webster Dictionary 687:11th Pennsylvania Infantry 472:Dangerous Dogs Act of 1991 470:In England and Wales, the 436:breed-specific legislation 430:Breed-specific legislation 427: 424:Breed-specific legislation 303: 179: 174:breed-specific legislation 130:Staffordshire Bull Terrier 74:Staffordshire Bull Terrier 29: 4868: 4835: 4817:American Hairless Terrier 4809: 4768: 4730:American Pit Bull Terrier 4715: 4703:Treeing Tennessee Brindle 4647: 4546: 4521: 4493: 4450: 4327: 4320: 4311: 4091:Syracuse University Press 3662:10.1515/9780271085111-004 3543:Robinett, Kristy (2018). 3115:. Supreme Court of Ohio. 2515:. John Wiley & Sons. 1998:(6S Suppl 5): S510–S516. 1992:Annals of Plastic Surgery 752:Lagunitas Brewing Company 310:List of fatal dog attacks 300:Dog attack and death risk 286:American Pit Bull Terrier 118:American Pit Bull Terrier 89: 81: 62:American Pit Bull Terrier 53: 48: 4182:The Museum of Technology 3080:"List of Scheduled Dogs" 2717:University of Pittsburgh 2172:Nolen, R. Scott (2017). 1797:Gunter, Lisa M. (2018). 1775:10.2460/javma.241.9.1163 1142:National Geographic News 767:Supreme Court of Florida 734:Keystone State Skinheads 689:; detail of monument at 544:Air carrier restrictions 36:Pitbull (disambiguation) 4629:Teddy Roosevelt Terrier 3656:. pp. 61–62, 236. 3210:"Who let the dogs out?" 486:Commercial restrictions 4796:Toy Manchester Terrier 4755:Miniature Bull Terrier 4624:Sporting Lucas Terrier 4569:Dandie Dinmont Terrier 4470:Danish–Swedish Farmdog 4387:Parson Russell Terrier 4023:Anti-Defamation League 3276:citizensinformation.ie 2920:. KSHB. Archived from 2701:Cherry, James (2014). 1719:The Veterinary Journal 1624:. 2017. Archived from 1412:Humanity & Society 935:The Veterinary Journal 741:World War I propaganda 722:Anti-Defamation League 709: 706:World War I propaganda 693: 637:26th (Yankee) Division 319: 287: 275:and the New York City 189: 34:. For other uses, see 4855:English White Terrier 4845:Black and Tan Terrier 4822:Russian Black Terrier 4668:Catahoula Leopard Dog 4589:Miniature Fox Terrier 4574:Glen of Imaal Terrier 4529:Black Russian Terrier 3914:Nicoll, Kate (2005). 2676:"Breaking up a fight" 2512:Pit Bulls For Dummies 1961:on November 16, 2015. 1657:. San Francisco, CA. 1238:Pit Bulls for Dummies 704: 677: 393:Jack Russell Terriers 317: 285: 207:Black and Tan Terrier 187: 157:nature-versus-nurture 4579:Jack Russell Terrier 4052:(October 28, 2021). 3953:Linder, Ann (2018). 3623:The Countryman Press 3384:American Kennel Club 3350:"Dog Bite Liability" 3190:on September 4, 2015 2924:on October 24, 2014. 2893:. February 3, 2014. 2867:on September 4, 2015 2860:Taylor & Francis 1713:Olson, K.R. (2015). 1654:San Francisco Weekly 1274:KSL.com, May 8, 2013 605:, the mascot of the 226:American Kennel Club 197:of dog fighting and 132:, and sometimes the 4936:Dog fighting breeds 4634:Tenterfield Terrier 4508:Miniature Schnauzer 4382:Old English Terrier 4246:Blankenship, Gary. 4059:The Washington Post 3551:Llewellyn Worldwide 3386:. October 1, 2004. 2812:2021NatSR..11.8018P 2371:2016PLoSO..1146857G 1910:, 1991, p. 169 1896:, 1991, p. 646 1815:2018PLoSO..1302633G 1628:on October 30, 2021 1571:on October 24, 2011 773:advertising rules. 720:. According to the 507:Canine Good Citizen 491:Liability insurance 266:drug detection dogs 203:Old English Bulldog 146:Old English Terrier 142:Old English Bulldog 4876:Bull-type terriers 4554:Australian Terrier 4513:Standard Schnauzer 4485:Miniature Pinscher 4422:Terrier Brasileiro 4412:Smooth Fox Terrier 4392:Patterdale Terrier 4377:Manchester Terrier 4367:Kerry Blue Terrier 4347:Ca Rater Mallorquí 4337:Bedlington Terrier 3849:The New York Times 3821:Omaha World-Herald 3409:Sodergren, Brian. 3356:. September 2009. 3108:Toledo v. Tellings 3086:on August 27, 2015 2800:Scientific Reports 2736:Journal of Anatomy 2682:on January 4, 2010 2617:Sports Illustrated 2551:Toledo v. Tellings 2093:. April 17, 2012. 1856:Swann, Kristen E. 1687:The New York Times 1561:U.S. Customs Today 1530:The New York Times 874:on August 20, 2020 748:Brown Shoe Company 710: 694: 679:Sallie Ann Jarrett 652:The Little Rascals 626:His Master's Voice 611:American Civil War 603:Sallie Ann Jarrett 515:Doberman Pinschers 415:In animal shelters 320: 288: 234:United Kennel Club 190: 4908: 4907: 4850:Blue Paul Terrier 4801:Yorkshire Terrier 4711: 4710: 4542: 4541: 4465:Austrian Pinscher 4427:Valencian Terrier 4407:Ratonero Murciano 4220:978-1-935308-34-8 4100:978-0-8156-5091-1 4000:978-0-226-47027-6 3959:Animal Law Review 3927:978-0-9766603-6-1 3801:10.7312/daya16712 3792:978-0-231-16712-3 3783:10.7312/daya16712 3671:978-0-271-08511-1 3632:978-1-58157-504-0 3560:978-0-7387-5571-7 3517:978-0-307-96177-8 3475:. June 22, 2018. 3472:Los Angeles Times 2712:978-1-4557-1177-2 2661:978-0-9641609-0-3 2447:(#3–4): 229–242. 2268:Annals of Surgery 1038:978-0-7566-6004-8 868:Oxford Dictionary 730:White supremacist 623:'s 1898 painting 597:Notable pit bulls 594: 593: 534:Farmers Insurance 381:dog body-language 114:bull and terriers 103: 102: 16:(Redirected from 4948: 4745:Bull and terrier 4717:Bull-type breeds 4614:Sealyham Terrier 4609:Scottish Terrier 4584:Japanese Terrier 4442:Wire Fox Terrier 4372:Lakeland Terrier 4332:Airedale Terrier 4325: 4324: 4318: 4317: 4298: 4291: 4284: 4275: 4274: 4268: 4267: 4265: 4263: 4243: 4237: 4236: 4234: 4232: 4200: 4194: 4193: 4191: 4189: 4173: 4167: 4166: 4164: 4162: 4139: 4133: 4132: 4130: 4128: 4111: 4105: 4104: 4077: 4071: 4070: 4068: 4066: 4046: 4040: 4039: 4037: 4035: 4014: 4005: 4004: 3984: 3978: 3977: 3975: 3973: 3950: 3944: 3943: 3941: 3939: 3911: 3905: 3904: 3902: 3900: 3889: 3883: 3882: 3880: 3878: 3867: 3861: 3860: 3858: 3856: 3839: 3833: 3832: 3830: 3828: 3811: 3805: 3804: 3765: 3754: 3753: 3751: 3749: 3730:Kershaw, Sarah. 3727: 3721: 3720: 3718: 3716: 3694:Goodavage, Maria 3690: 3684: 3683: 3654:Penn State Press 3643: 3637: 3636: 3612: 3606: 3605: 3603: 3601: 3583: 3577: 3576: 3574: 3572: 3540: 3534: 3533: 3531: 3529: 3498: 3489: 3488: 3486: 3484: 3463: 3457: 3456: 3454: 3452: 3437: 3431: 3430: 3428: 3426: 3417:. 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4397:Plummer Terrier 4352:Chilean Terrier 4307: 4302: 4272: 4271: 4261: 4259: 4252:The Florida Bar 4244: 4240: 4230: 4228: 4221: 4213:. p. 203. 4201: 4197: 4187: 4185: 4175: 4174: 4170: 4160: 4158: 4141: 4140: 4136: 4126: 4124: 4112: 4108: 4101: 4093:. p. 239. 4078: 4074: 4064: 4062: 4050:Lauerman, Kerry 4047: 4043: 4033: 4031: 4016: 4015: 4008: 4001: 3985: 3981: 3971: 3969: 3951: 3947: 3937: 3935: 3928: 3912: 3908: 3898: 3896: 3891: 3890: 3886: 3876: 3874: 3869: 3868: 3864: 3854: 3852: 3840: 3836: 3826: 3824: 3812: 3808: 3793: 3766: 3757: 3747: 3745: 3737:Washington Post 3728: 3724: 3714: 3712: 3710: 3691: 3687: 3672: 3644: 3640: 3633: 3613: 3609: 3599: 3597: 3584: 3580: 3570: 3568: 3561: 3541: 3537: 3527: 3525: 3518: 3502:Dickey, Bronwen 3499: 3492: 3482: 3480: 3465: 3464: 3460: 3450: 3448: 3439: 3438: 3434: 3424: 3422: 3421:on July 7, 2009 3407: 3403: 3393: 3391: 3378: 3377: 3373: 3363: 3361: 3348: 3347: 3340: 3330: 3328: 3321: 3317: 3307: 3305: 3292: 3291: 3287: 3270: 3269: 3265: 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488: 432: 426: 417: 351:, and ahead of 349:German Shepherd 312: 302: 293: 250:The Kennel Club 182: 94: 90: 77: 44: 39: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 4954: 4944: 4943: 4938: 4933: 4928: 4923: 4906: 4905: 4903: 4902: 4869: 4866: 4865: 4863: 4862: 4857: 4852: 4847: 4841: 4839: 4837:Extinct breeds 4833: 4832: 4830: 4829: 4824: 4819: 4813: 4811: 4807: 4806: 4804: 4803: 4798: 4793: 4788: 4783: 4778: 4772: 4770: 4766: 4765: 4763: 4762: 4757: 4752: 4747: 4742: 4740:Boston Terrier 4737: 4732: 4727: 4725:American Bully 4721: 4719: 4713: 4712: 4709: 4708: 4706: 4705: 4700: 4695: 4693:Stephens Stock 4690: 4688:Mountain Feist 4685: 4680: 4675: 4670: 4665: 4660: 4654: 4652: 4651:hunting breeds 4645: 4644: 4642: 4641: 4636: 4631: 4626: 4621: 4616: 4611: 4606: 4601: 4596: 4591: 4586: 4581: 4576: 4571: 4566: 4561: 4556: 4550: 4548: 4544: 4543: 4540: 4539: 4537: 4536: 4531: 4525: 4523: 4519: 4518: 4516: 4515: 4510: 4505: 4499: 4497: 4491: 4490: 4488: 4487: 4482: 4477: 4472: 4467: 4462: 4456: 4454: 4448: 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Air France. 3432: 3401: 3371: 3338: 3315: 3285: 3263: 3238:(March 2009). 3227: 3201: 3165: 3133: 3097: 3071: 3045: 3019: 2993: 2959: 2927: 2908: 2878: 2843: 2779: 2742:(3): 362–373. 2722: 2711: 2693: 2667: 2660: 2635: 2602: 2576: 2540: 2521: 2498: 2466: 2431: 2422: 2413: 2404: 2345: 2307: 2293: 2274:(4): 791–797. 2248: 2222: 2191: 2164: 2155: 2128:(3): 401–413. 2108: 2071: 2025: 1978: 1964: 1939: 1913: 1899: 1885: 1848: 1789: 1746: 1725:(2): 197–202. 1705: 1672: 1639: 1613: 1582: 1548: 1515: 1488: 1466: 1452: 1418:(4): 319–333. 1387: 1358:(5): 575–582. 1338: 1276: 1253: 1247:978-1119720904 1246: 1223: 1193: 1159: 1129: 1099: 1092: 1044: 1037: 993: 962: 941:(2): 197–202. 918: 885: 855: 826:(4): 322–339. 800: 799: 797: 794: 793: 792: 778: 775: 698: 695: 685:mascot of the 672: 671: 666:, dog trainer 656: 644: 630: 614: 598: 595: 592: 591: 588: 585: 579: 578: 571: 568: 562: 561: 558: 555: 545: 542: 497:legally liable 492: 489: 487: 484: 428:Main article: 425: 422: 416: 413: 301: 298: 292: 291:Identification 289: 181: 178: 126:American Bully 101: 100: 87: 86: 83: 79: 78: 59: 51: 50: 42: 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 4953: 4942: 4939: 4937: 4934: 4932: 4929: 4927: 4924: 4922: 4919: 4918: 4916: 4901: 4897: 4893: 4889: 4888:Fell Terriers 4885: 4881: 4877: 4874: 4871: 4870: 4867: 4861: 4858: 4856: 4853: 4851: 4848: 4846: 4843: 4842: 4840: 4838: 4834: 4828: 4825: 4823: 4820: 4818: 4815: 4814: 4812: 4810:Miscellaneous 4808: 4802: 4799: 4797: 4794: 4792: 4789: 4787: 4786:Silky Terrier 4784: 4782: 4779: 4777: 4774: 4773: 4771: 4767: 4761: 4758: 4756: 4753: 4751: 4748: 4746: 4743: 4741: 4738: 4736: 4733: 4731: 4728: 4726: 4723: 4722: 4720: 4718: 4714: 4704: 4701: 4699: 4696: 4694: 4691: 4689: 4686: 4684: 4681: 4679: 4676: 4674: 4671: 4669: 4666: 4664: 4661: 4659: 4656: 4655: 4653: 4650: 4646: 4640: 4637: 4635: 4632: 4630: 4627: 4625: 4622: 4620: 4617: 4615: 4612: 4610: 4607: 4605: 4602: 4600: 4597: 4595: 4592: 4590: 4587: 4585: 4582: 4580: 4577: 4575: 4572: 4570: 4567: 4565: 4564:Cesky Terrier 4562: 4560: 4559:Cairn Terrier 4557: 4555: 4552: 4551: 4549: 4545: 4535: 4532: 4530: 4527: 4526: 4524: 4520: 4514: 4511: 4509: 4506: 4504: 4501: 4500: 4498: 4496: 4492: 4486: 4483: 4481: 4478: 4476: 4473: 4471: 4468: 4466: 4463: 4461: 4460:Affenpinscher 4458: 4457: 4455: 4453: 4449: 4443: 4440: 4438: 4437:Welsh Terrier 4435: 4433: 4430: 4428: 4425: 4423: 4420: 4418: 4415: 4413: 4410: 4408: 4405: 4403: 4400: 4398: 4395: 4393: 4390: 4388: 4385: 4383: 4380: 4378: 4375: 4373: 4370: 4368: 4365: 4363: 4360: 4358: 4357:Irish Terrier 4355: 4353: 4350: 4348: 4345: 4343: 4340: 4338: 4335: 4333: 4330: 4329: 4326: 4323: 4319: 4316: 4314: 4310: 4306: 4299: 4294: 4292: 4287: 4285: 4280: 4279: 4276: 4257: 4253: 4249: 4242: 4226: 4222: 4216: 4212: 4208: 4207: 4199: 4184: 4183: 4178: 4172: 4156: 4152: 4148: 4144: 4138: 4123: 4122: 4117: 4110: 4102: 4096: 4092: 4088: 4087: 4082: 4076: 4061: 4060: 4055: 4051: 4045: 4029: 4025: 4024: 4019: 4013: 4011: 4002: 3996: 3992: 3991: 3983: 3968: 3964: 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People 3827:June 29, 3742:Archived 3696:(2012). 3565:Archived 3522:Archived 3504:(2016). 3483:July 26, 3477:Archived 3451:July 26, 3445:Archived 3388:Archived 3358:Archived 3308:July 24, 3302:Archived 3280:Archived 3247:Archived 3220:July 21, 3194:July 21, 3149:Archived 3126:June 29, 3117:Archived 3032:Archived 3009:ABC News 2980:Archived 2943:Archived 2895:Archived 2838:33850258 2774:19245503 2622:Archived 2589:Archived 2560:Archived 2527:Archived 2482:Archived 2399:27008213 2359:PLOS ONE 2288:21475022 2241:July 12, 2235:Archived 2215:July 11, 2184:July 12, 2178:Archived 2142:31816277 2095:Archived 2058:33136964 2012:34100808 1932:April 6, 1872:Archived 1843:30138476 1803:PLOS ONE 1784:23078561 1741:26403955 1692:Archived 1659:Archived 1600:Archived 1596:ABC News 1535:Archived 1502:Archived 1436:Archived 1382:36646135 1326:57740754 1318:30579079 1268:Archived 1210:Archived 1180:Archived 1082:(2001). 1027:(2009). 980:Archived 957:26403955 905:Archived 850:24673506 777:See also 560:Details 554:Airline 306:Dog bite 144:and the 106:Pit bull 49:Pit bull 4678:Lurcher 4188:July 5, 3593:Newsday 3256:May 20, 3038:July 5, 2976:Vin.com 2829:8044234 2808:Bibcode 2765:2673787 2390:4805246 2367:Bibcode 1870:: 839. 1834:6107223 1811:Bibcode 1373:9838755 841:4160292 639:during 587:Safety 570:Safety 557:Reason 525:), and 448:Ontario 406:ammonia 326:(CDC), 180:History 18:Pitbull 4884:Feists 4873:Types: 4217: 4121:SFGate 4097: 3997: 3965: 3924: 3799: 3789: 3706: 3678: 3668: 3629: 3557: 3514: 2836: 2826: 2772: 2762: 2754: 2709: 2658: 2519: 2459: 2397: 2387: 2286: 2148: 2140: 2064: 2056: 2018: 2010: 1841: 1831: 1782: 1739: 1430: 1380: 1370: 1324: 1316: 1308: 1244: 1123: 1090: 1035: 986:May 9, 955: 848: 838: 732:group 728:. 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