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A system can consist of independent components, each able to service requests. If all the requests are serviced by one of these systems (or a small number) while others remain idle then time is wasted waiting for used system to be available. Arranging so all systems are used equally is referred to
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A profiler is a performance analysis tool that measures the behavior of a program as it executes, particularly the frequency and duration of function calls. Performance analysis tools existed at least from the early 1970s. Profilers may be classified according to their output types, or their methods
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Modern software systems, e.g., Big data systems, comprises several frameworks (e.g., Apache Storm, Spark, Hadoop). Each of these frameworks exposes hundreds configuration parameters that considerably influence the performance of such applications. Some optimizations (tuning) include improving the
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Caching is a fundamental method of removing performance bottlenecks that are the result of slow access to data. Caching improves performance by retaining frequently used information in high speed memory, reducing access time and avoiding repeated computation. Caching is an effective manner of
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Load balancing is often used to achieve further gains from a distributed system by intelligently selecting which machine to run an operation on based on how busy all potential candidates are, and how well suited each machine is to the type of operation that needs to be performed.
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Distributed computing and clustering can negatively impact latency while simultaneously increasing load on shared resources, such as database systems. To minimize latency and avoid bottlenecks, distributed computing can benefit significantly from distributed
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Performance analysis, commonly known as profiling, is the investigation of a program's behavior using information gathered as the program executes. Its goal is to determine which sections of a program to optimize.
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is used for increasing the potential for parallel execution on modern CPU architectures continues, the use of distributed systems is essential to achieve performance benefits from the available
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In the process of finding and removing bottlenecks, it is important to prove their existence, typically by measurements, before acting to remove them. There is a strong temptation to
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A handful of techniques are used to improve performance. Among them are code optimization, load balancing, caching strategy, distributed computing and self-tuning.
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of a designed system, such as increase business revenue, reduction of system failure, delayed projects, and avoidance of unnecessary usage of resources or work.
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Some optimizations include improving the code so that work is done once before a loop rather than inside a loop or replacing a call to a simple
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A self-tuning system is capable of optimizing its own internal running parameters in order to maximize or minimize the fulfillment of an
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The bottleneck is the part of a system which is at capacity. Other parts of the system will be idle waiting for it to perform its task.
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If the modification makes the performance better, adopt it. If the modification makes the performance worse, put it back the way it was.
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Performance engineering is the discipline encompassing roles, skills, activities, practices, tools, and deliverables used to meet the
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applies. The methods used to determine which data is stored in progressively faster storage are collectively called
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A performance problem may be identified by slow or unresponsive systems. This usually occurs because high system
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Identify the part of the system that is critical for improving the performance. This is called the
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performance of the application finding the best configuration for such applications.
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Service management, including activities performed after the system has been deployed.
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Clouds Done Right - Distributed
Caching Removes Bottlenecks
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improving performance in situations where the principle of
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Measure the performance of the system before modification.
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Measure the performance of the system after modification.
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Address
Scalability Bottlenecks with Distributed Caching
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Modify that part of the system to remove the bottleneck.
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minimization. Self-tuning systems typically exhibit
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with a call to the more complicated algorithm for a
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