268:
which use liquid ink. The lower viscosity of rollerball ink compared to oil-based ballpoint pen ink has several effects on the pen's performance. Since the ink flows more easily and is more easily absorbed into paper, more ink is dispensed in general. This changes the writing experience by lubricating the motion of the tip over the paper. It also results in a solid and uninterrupted line, since the diffusion of the ink through the paper fills small gaps that might otherwise be left by the ball point. Compared to ballpoint pens, which dispense a smaller amount of more viscous ink, the writing by a rollerball pen takes longer to dry on the page and can seep through thin paper such as to become visible on the opposite side. When the tip of a rollerball pen is held against paper, ink leaves the tip continually by capillary action in much the same way as would occur with a fountain pen. This can lead to ink blots or smears. The rollerball pen was initially designed to combine the convenience of a ballpoint pen with the smooth "wet ink" effect of a fountain pen. Refillable rollerball pens have recently become available; these generally use cartridges of fountain pen ink.
919:
892:
934:
383:
583:, after which a nib is fashioned from the shaft by cutting a slit in it and carving away the sides to create a pointed tip. With practice, suitable feathers can be made into quills quickly and cheaply using no more than a small knife and a source of heat. Due to their easy availability, quills remained the writing instruments of choice in the West for a long timeâfrom the 6th century to the 19thâbefore the metal dip pen, the fountain pen, and eventually the ballpoint pen came to be manufactured in large numbers. Quills, like later metal-nibbed dip pens, must periodically be dipped in ink while writing.
446:
558:
weasel, rabbit, deer, chicken, duck, goat, pig, and tiger. There is also a tradition both in China and in Japan of making a brush using the hair of a newborn, as a once-in-a-lifetime souvenir for the child. This practice is associated with the legend of an ancient
Chinese scholar who ranked first in the Imperial examinations using such a personalized brush. Calligraphy brushes are widely considered an extension of the calligrapher's arm. Today, calligraphy may also be done using a pen, but pen calligraphy does not enjoy the same prestige as traditional brush calligraphy.
165:
2226:
419:
676:
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407:
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52:
242:, it shows up more clearly on dark or slick surfaces than the typical inks used in ballpoint or felt tip pens. Gel pens can be used for many types of writing and illustration. Since the gel medium eliminates the constraints of a soluble dye, many new colors are made possible, as well as some special types of ink; gel pens are available in a wide range of vibrant or saturated colors, in pastel colors, in
395:
946:
636:
624:
684:
214:. As such, a bare minimum amount of ink is dispensed, with the result that the writing dries almost instantly and ink lasts longer than it does in other types of pen. Ballpoint pens are reliable, versatile and robust, and are available for a very wide range of prices. They have replaced fountain pens as the most common tool for everyday writing.
781:, demanded a pen which would not stain his hands or clothes, and was provided with a pen which held ink in a reservoir and delivered it to the nib. This pen may have been a fountain pen, but its mechanism remains unknown, and only one record mentioning it has been found. A later reservoir pen was developed in 1636. In his
1542:
The advertisement implies metal nibs had been in use for some years, but had not been generally accepted due to lack of flexibility and tendency to rust. It refers to 'Ivory
Handles' with 'Gold Silver or Steel Pens to each', and says that 'new pens may be fitted in at pleasure', indicating that only
330:
fed with ink from a liquid ink reservoir similar to those used in fountain pens and rollerball pens. Brush pens might be either refillable or disposable, and might use either water-based or waterproof ink. The most significant functional difference of brush pens from felt-tip pens is the far greater
285:
tip made of fibrous material, which normally remains saturated with ink from the reservoir. As ink leaves the tip, new ink is drawn from the reservoir - which often consists of a large volume of a similar porous material to that used in the tip - by capillary action and gravity. As with a fountain
290:
by the ink, and in such applications ink typically does not continually leave the pen as it is held against the writing surface. The smallest, finest-tipped felt-tip pens are used for writing on paper. Medium-sized felt-tips are often used by children for coloring and drawing. Larger types, often
592:
is cut from a reed or bamboo, with a slit in a narrow tip. Its mechanism is essentially the same as that of a quill or a metal dip pen. The reed pen has almost disappeared but is still used by young school students in some parts of India and
Pakistan, who learn to write with them on small timber
557:
is the traditional writing implement in East Asian calligraphy. The body of the brush can be made from bamboo, or from rarer materials such as red sandalwood, glass, ivory, silver, and gold. The head of the brush can be made from the hair (or feathers) of a wide variety of animals, including the
267:
is a pen that dispenses a water-based ink through a ball tip similar to that of a ballpoint pen. As such, gel pens might be considered a subcategory of rollerball pens; however, due to the widespread knowledge and use of the term 'gel pen', 'rollerball' is in practice typically reserved for pens
360:
which does not use ink, but rather makes marks primarily by creating scratches or indentations in the writing surface. As such, the tip often consists simply of a sharp metal point. Such tools are also used for other types of marking than writing, and for shaping or carving in, for example,
826:
in its tip that was free to turn in a socket. As the pen moved along the paper, the ball rotated, picking up ink from the ink cartridge and leaving it on the paper. BĂrĂł filed a
British patent on June 15, 1938. In 1940, the BĂrĂł brothers and a friend, Juan Jorge Meyne, moved to
347:, but are now also commonly used in other forms of calligraphy and by artists such as illustrators and cartoonists. The primary appeal of these pens to such artists is that they allow a great deal of line width variation in response to small changes in applied pressure.
190:, or ball, which rolls over the surface being written on. The ball is held captive in a socket at the tip of the pen with one half exposed and the other half immersed in ink from the pen's reservoir. When the ball rotates, it transfers the ink - which
517:) consists of a metal nib with capillary channels, like that of a fountain pen, mounted on a handle or holder, often made of wood. A dip pen is called such because it usually has no ink reservoir and must therefore be repeatedly dipped into an
882:
Rollerball pens were introduced in the early 1970s. They use a mobile ball and liquid ink to produce a smoother line. Technological advances during the late 1980s and early 1990s have improved the roller ball's overall performance. A
1543:
the nibs were metal. It also claims the pens have 'well-tempered
Elasticity' and that the 'Steel Points' are treated to be rustproof, rust being 'a circumstance that has been long and universally complained of in this article'.
879:. Paper Mate's Flair was among the first felt-tip pens to hit the U.S. market in the 1960s, and it has been the leader ever since. Marker pens and highlighters, both similar to felt pens, have become popular in recent times.
853:
engineer and inventor, became renowned for further development of the mechanical pencil (1906) â then called an "automatic pencil" â and the first solid-ink fountain pen (1907). Collaborating with the
Croatian entrepreneur
887:
contains a point made of some porous material such as felt or ceramic. A high quality drafting pen will usually have a ceramic tip, since this wears well and does not broaden when pressure is applied while writing.
907:
input method has offered another way to write, the pen is still the main means of writing. Many people like to use expensive types and brands of pens, including fountain pens, and these are sometimes regarded as a
720:, but were slowly replaced by quills from about the 7th century. The reed pen, made from reed or bamboo, is still used in some parts of Pakistan by young students and is used to write on small wooden boards.
521:
in order to recharge the nib with ink while drawing or writing. The dip pen has certain advantages over a fountain pen; it can use waterproof pigmented (particle-and-binder-based) inks, such as so-called
835:. On June 17, 1943, they filed for another patent. They formed "BĂrĂł Pens of Argentina", and by the summer of 1943, the first commercial models were available. Erasable ballpoint pens were introduced by
481:, which is in general a specially shaped solid block of material with channels and grooves cut into it. The feed delivers the ink to the slit in the nib. While writing, ink is pulled out of this slit by
286:
pen, ink leaves the tip of a felt tip pen by capillary action when writing on a porous surface. However, unlike fountain pens, many markers can also reliably write on slick impermeable surfaces that are
918:
1043:
1070:
485:. A fountain pen nib, unlike the tip of a ballpoint, gel or rollerball pen, has no moving parts. A fountain pen reservoir can be refillable or disposable; the disposable type is called an
727:
and parchment. The smoother surface of skin allowed finer, smaller writing with a quill pen, derived from the flight feather. The quill pen was used in Qumran, Judea to write some of the
1714:
309:, are used to highlight text that has already been written or printed. Pens designed for children or for temporary writing (as with a whiteboard or overhead projector) typically use
223:
works similarly to a ballpoint pen, in that it dispenses ink using a rolling ball held in the writing tip. However, unlike oil-based ballpoint pen ink, gel pen ink consists of a
477:, which is in general a flat piece of metal with a thin slit extending inwards from the writing tip. Driven by gravity, the ink flows from a reservoir to the nib through a
1250:
766:
started to mass-produce pens with metal nibs in 1822, and after that, the quality of steel nibs improved enough so that dip pens with metal nibs came into general use.
1523:'This evening came a letter about business from Mr Coventry, and with it a silver pen to carry inke in, which is very necessary.' Diary of Samuel Pepys, 5 August 1663:
758:
in 1792. A metal pen point was patented in 1803, but the patent was not commercially exploited. A patent for the manufacture of metal pens was advertised for sale by
1581:
He offered the patent, which had an unexpired term of 11 years, for sale together with the 'utensils peculiarly adapted to the manufacturing' of the metal pens:
1223:
1488:
1167:
858:, he started the Penkala-Moster Company and built a pen-and-pencil factory that was one of the biggest in the world at the time. This company, now called
797:. Ink was squeezed through a small hole to the writing point. In 1809, Bartholomew Folsch received a patent in England for a pen with an ink reservoir.
933:
1798:
382:
373:
than generally possible with a fingertip. There are products available that combine a ballpoint tip at one end and a touchscreen stylus at the other.
891:
1133:
548:, because its flexible metal point can create a variety of delicate lines, textures and tones in response to variation of pressure while drawing.
1201:
793:
described a pen made from two quills. One quill served as a reservoir for ink inside the other quill. The ink was sealed inside the quill with
501:, are available for some pens otherwise designed to use disposable cartridges. A fountain pen can be used with permanent or non-permanent inks.
1619:
In 1832 a woman accused of stealing a silver pen from a London shop said in her defence that she had 'one of the common metal pens' with her:
822:, a Hungarian newspaper editor, with the help of his brother George, a chemist, began to design new types of pens, including one with a tiny
1476:"pen." The Hutchinson Unabridged Encyclopedia with Atlas and Weather guide. Abington: Helicon, 2010. Credo Reference. Web. 17 September 2012
1106:
1431:
687:
M. Klein and Henry W. Wynne received US patent#68445 in 1867 for an ink chamber and delivery system in the handle of the fountain pen.
461:
These historic types of pens are no longer in common use as writing instruments, but may be used by calligraphers and other artists:
1685:
616:. These pens are biodegradable and contain seeds at their base, allowing them to be planted after use to grow into various plants.
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978:
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151:. All of these modern pens contain internal ink reservoirs, such that they do not need to be dipped in ink while writing.
1681:
Pierre
Poyenar, "Plume sans fin portative, s'alimentant d'encre d'elle mĂȘme" Patent FR-Poenaru, Application 3208. File:
1527:
1456:
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called "markers", are used for writing in larger sizes, often on surfaces other than paper such as corrugated boxes and
194:
the ball - from the reservoir to the external surface. The ball is typically under a millimeter in diameter and made of
2101:
968:
1737:
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in the 7th century. Quill pens were still widely used in the eighteenth century, and were used to write and sign the
295:. Specialized felt-tip pens referred to by names such as "liquid chalk" or "chalkboard markers" are used to write on
750:, showing that metal nibs were used in the year 79. There is also a reference to 'a silver pen to carry ink in', in
1485:
2174:
1847:
445:
1095:"pen." Word Histories and Mysteries. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 2004. Credo Reference. Web. 13 September 2007.
418:
300:
2251:
1795:
528:, drawing ink, or acrylic inks, which would destroy a fountain pen by clogging, as well as the traditional
172:
Pens commonly used today can be categorized based on the mechanism of the writing tip and the type of ink:
103:
or in a small void or cavity that had to be periodically recharged by dipping the tip of the pen into an
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1606:
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1333:
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The earliest historical record of a pen with a reservoir dates back to the 10th century AD. In 953,
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609:
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dialects with bird feathers or quills. There is a specific reference to quills in the writings of
1277:
1189:
365:. The word stylus also refers to a pen-shaped computer accessory that is used to achieve greater
736:
430:
366:
332:
235:
1428:
716:
as long ago as the First
Dynasty, or around 3000 BC. Reed pens continued to be used until the
2091:
819:
818:
The first patent on a ballpoint pen was issued on
October 30, 1888, to John J Loud. In 1938,
532:, which can cause corrosion in a fountain pen. Dip pens are now mainly used in illustration,
35:
815:
patented this in May 1827. Fountain pen patents and production then increased in the 1850s.
394:
2106:
2035:
904:
344:
310:
39:
31:
17:
8:
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2096:
340:
115:. Reed pens, quill pens and dip pens, which were used for writing, have been replaced by
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1682:
1631:
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1555:
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The reed pen survived until papyrus was replaced as a writing surface by animal skins,
659:
576:
541:
945:
2196:
1774:
1661:
Bosworth, C. E. (Autumn 1981), "A Mediaeval
Islamic Prototype of the Fountain Pen?",
1375:
1339:
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136:
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1935:
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1249:
Sgamellotti, Antonio; Brunetti, Brunetto Giovanni; Miliani, Costanza (2020-07-01).
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2003:
1967:
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In the 1960s, the fiber- or felt-tipped pen was invented by Yukio Horie of the
568:
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to draw ink from a bottle through the nib, or it may require refilling with an
406:
313:
inks. Large markers used to label shipping cases or other packages are usually
263:
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120:
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107:. Today, such pens find only a small number of specialized uses, such as in
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2008:
1930:
1900:
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467:
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533:
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191:
140:
112:
1364:"School ka sabaq: Literacy in a girls' primary school in rural Pakistan"
1108:
Drawing Imagining Building: Embodiment in Architectural Design Practices
2164:
2128:
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1972:
1920:
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2018:
1940:
1910:
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754:' diary for August 1663. 'New invented' metal pens are advertised in
713:
553:
545:
536:, and comics. A particularly fine-pointed type of dip pen known as a
524:
512:
473:
336:
322:
183:
100:
51:
1279:
Graphic Design Materials & Equipment: An International Directory
2030:
2023:
1977:
1962:
811:
invented a fountain pen that used a quill as an ink reservoir. The
770:
588:
489:. A pen with a refillable reservoir may have a mechanism such as a
273:
84:
698:
scrolls when scribes used thin reed brushes or reed pens from the
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2013:
1957:
1905:
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92:
80:
76:
43:
731:, which date back to around 100 BC. The scrolls were written in
2191:
2169:
1982:
1042:
Johannessen, Christian MosbĂŠk; Leeuwen, Theo van (2017-09-18).
988:
876:
869:
724:
518:
490:
1952:
1947:
801:
778:
712:, that the reed pen might well have been used for writing on
613:
572:
563:
388:
Lines created by a gel pen (top) and a ballpoint pen (bottom)
327:
224:
199:
195:
88:
72:
823:
1248:
708:, Steven Roger Fischer suggests, on the basis of finds at
683:
168:
Writing tip of a ballpoint pen and 1mm white bar for scale
2045:
1449:"Evolution of pen - From Reed Pen to 3Doodler - Spinfold"
228:
68:
1825:
1820:
210:
through paper and does not leave the tip of the pen by
27:
Writing and drawing implement using liquid or paste ink
1045:
The Materiality of Writing: A Trace Making Perspective
2214:
1225:
Script and Scribble: The Rise and Fall of Handwriting
335:
of the tip. Brush pens are an obvious alternative to
1683:
http://www.fountainpen.it/File:Patent-FR-Poenaru.pdf
1041:
1756:, About Inventors site. Retrieved March 11, 2007.
1712:, "Writing instrument", issued 1943-06-17
1252:Science and Art: The Contemporary Painted Surface
2238:
1368:Working Papers in Educational Linguistics (WPEL)
471:uses water-based liquid ink delivered through a
1656:
1654:
1495:, Cambridge Catalogue Retrieved March 11, 2007.
326:is a pen whose writing tip consists of a small
206:. The ink, due to its high viscosity, does not
863:
1841:
899:Although the invention of the typewriter and
1821:Writing Instrument Manufacturers Association
1651:
1406:"Paper pens that can also grow into plants!"
939:1915 advertisement for "Vulcan" Ink Pencils.
540:is a favorite instrument of artists such as
1848:
1834:
1744:, Quido Magazin. Retrieved March 11, 2007.
1525:http://www.pepysdiary.com/archive/1663/08/
1304:"Stylus - Define Stylus at Dictionary.com"
1275:
1131:
1754:History of Pens & Writing Instruments
600:, invented by Nasima Akhtar in 2007 from
1660:
1187:
1068:
890:
862:, still exists today. "TOZ" stands for "
682:
674:
299:. Markers with wide tips and bright but
163:
50:
1626:. London. 15 September 1832. p. 3.
1331:
1190:"The Last Word: Just for the gel of it"
979:List of pen types, brands and companies
746:A copper nib was found in the ruins of
497:. Refillable reservoirs, also known as
135:pens. Ruling pens, which were used for
14:
2239:
1403:
1221:
1132:Silva, Patricia; Pauli, Erika (2009).
1104:
1829:
1700:GB Patent No. 15630, October 30, 1888
1486:The Etymologies of Isidore of Seville
1361:
1357:
1355:
1188:Schwartz, Debra A. (September 2001).
575:. To make a quill, a feather must be
1794:Guilfoil, John M. (August 17, 2008)
1588:. London. 15 August 1811. p. 4.
1072:Textual Scholarship: An Introduction
238:in it. Because the ink is thick and
2187:List of types, brands and companies
24:
1352:
1222:Florey, Kitty Burns (2013-10-08).
969:Counterfeit banknote detection pen
25:
2273:
1814:
1767:"Losing touch with paper and pen"
1550:. London. 8 June 1792. p. 4.
1335:Fountain Pens: Vintage and Modern
1069:Greetham, David C. (2015-10-28).
741:Constitution of the United States
424:The writing tip of a fountain pen
356:, plural styli or styluses, is a
2224:
1160:"How does a ballpoint pen work?"
944:
932:
917:
658:
646:
634:
622:
444:
429:
417:
405:
393:
381:
99:held a small amount of ink on a
1788:
1759:
1747:
1728:
1703:
1694:
1675:
1613:
1575:
1536:
1517:
1498:
1479:
1470:
1459:from the original on 2021-05-01
1441:
1422:
1397:
1386:from the original on 2021-11-04
1325:
1314:from the original on 2016-03-04
1296:
1269:
1242:
1204:from the original on 2020-07-15
1170:from the original on 2018-12-25
877:Tokyo Stationery Company, Japan
1255:. Royal Society of Chemistry.
1215:
1181:
1152:
1125:
1098:
1089:
1062:
1035:
1016:
571:of a large bird, most often a
13:
1:
1404:Rahman, Azibor (2023-07-22).
1276:Stephenson, Jonathan (1987).
1010:
925:Deliciae physico-mathematicae
783:Deliciae Physico-Mathematicae
612:writing instrument made from
451:Computer with computer stylus
1773:. 2003-05-05. Archived from
1166:. HowStuffWorks. 1998â2007.
1032:. Merriam-Webster Dictionary
895:A collection of vintage pens
186:oil-based ink by means of a
7:
1514:. Retrieved March 11, 2007.
1362:Farah, Iffat (1991-10-01).
1105:Emmons, Paul (2019-04-01).
956:
456:
10:
2278:
1664:Journal of Semitic Studies
1338:. Sotheby's Publications.
762:in 1811. John Mitchell of
670:
400:A gel-based rollerball pen
29:
2152:
2084:
2044:
1996:
1863:
1438:Retrieved March 16, 2007.
1332:Lambrou, Andreas (1989).
704:or sea rush. In his book
694:had developed writing on
593:boards known as "Takhti".
159:
1855:
1505:Arnold Wagner â Dip Pens
847:Slavoljub Eduard Penkala
154:
143:, have been replaced by
865:Tvornica olovaka Zagreb
843:was put on the market.
1138:. Marshall Cavendish.
896:
864:
737:St. Isidore of Seville
688:
680:
169:
71:to a surface, usually
56:
2092:Ballpoint pen artwork
894:
686:
678:
567:is a pen made from a
436:The writing tip of a
167:
83:. Early pens such as
54:
42:. For the comic, see
36:Pens (disambiguation)
2107:Birmingham pen trade
2102:Counterfeit banknote
1796:The power of the pen
706:A History of Writing
499:cartridge converters
345:Japanese calligraphy
40:PEN (disambiguation)
32:Pen (disambiguation)
30:For other uses, see
2252:Domestic implements
2097:Ballpoint pen knife
1282:. Chartwell Books.
1194:Chemical Innovation
951:Modern marker pens.
341:Chinese calligraphy
1801:2016-03-05 at the
1740:2007-04-17 at the
1722:2021-08-01 at the
1688:2021-08-31 at the
1530:2012-10-19 at the
1510:2019-03-28 at the
1491:2021-07-28 at the
1434:2007-02-21 at the
1228:. Melville House.
1028:2021-10-06 at the
897:
839:in 1979, when the
689:
681:
542:David Stone Martin
170:
65:writing instrument
57:
2212:
2211:
2197:Mechanical pencil
1735:The Ballpoint Pen
1639:Missing or empty
1601:Missing or empty
1563:Missing or empty
1429:Egyptian reed pen
1345:978-0-85667-362-7
1289:978-1-55521-078-6
1262:978-1-78801-469-4
1235:978-1-61219-305-2
1145:978-0-7614-4322-3
1118:978-1-317-17952-8
1082:978-1-136-75579-8
1055:978-1-134-98646-0
901:personal computer
872:Pencil Factory".
813:French Government
692:Ancient Egyptians
579:through aging or
315:permanent markers
188:small hard sphere
137:technical drawing
16:(Redirected from
2269:
2257:Office equipment
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1453:www.spinfold.com
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1020:
948:
936:
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885:porous point pen
867:
809:Petrache Poenaru
791:Daniel Schwenter
729:Dead Sea Scrolls
701:Juncus maritimus
662:
650:
638:
626:
483:capillary action
448:
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409:
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256:glow-in-the-dark
212:capillary action
204:tungsten carbide
21:
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1997:Parts and tools
1992:
1859:
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1803:Wayback Machine
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1040:
1036:
1030:Wayback Machine
1021:
1017:
1013:
1008:
994:Retractable pen
959:
952:
949:
940:
937:
928:
922:
771:Ma'Äd al-Mu'izz
673:
666:
663:
654:
651:
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630:
627:
459:
452:
449:
440:
434:
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413:
410:
401:
398:
389:
386:
358:writing utensil
258:ink, and so on.
248:metallic colors
162:
157:
47:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
2275:
2265:
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2259:
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2016:
2011:
2006:
2004:Blotting paper
2000:
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1816:
1815:External links
1813:
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1469:
1455:. April 2013.
1440:
1421:
1410:The Daily Star
1396:
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1324:
1308:Dictionary.com
1295:
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775:Fatimid Caliph
672:
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621:
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584:
581:heat-treatment
569:flight feather
559:
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380:
377:
376:
374:
348:
318:
269:
264:rollerball pen
259:
215:
161:
158:
156:
153:
145:technical pens
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2274:
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2119:Pen computing
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2022:
2021:
2020:
2017:
2015:
2012:
2010:
2007:
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2002:
2001:
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1995:
1989:
1986:
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1797:
1791:
1777:on 2013-05-12
1776:
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1137:
1136:
1128:
1120:
1114:
1111:. Routledge.
1110:
1109:
1101:
1092:
1084:
1078:
1075:. Routledge.
1074:
1073:
1065:
1057:
1051:
1048:. Routledge.
1047:
1046:
1038:
1031:
1027:
1024:
1019:
1015:
1005:
1004:Technical pen
1002:
1000:
997:
995:
992:
990:
987:
985:
982:
980:
977:
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972:
970:
967:
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962:
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935:
930:
926:
920:
915:
914:
913:
911:
910:status symbol
906:
902:
893:
889:
886:
880:
878:
873:
871:
866:
861:
857:
856:Edmund Moster
852:
848:
844:
842:
838:
834:
830:
825:
821:
816:
814:
810:
807:
803:
800:A student in
798:
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749:
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721:
719:
715:
711:
707:
703:
702:
697:
693:
685:
679:Historic pens
677:
661:
656:
653:Quill and ink
649:
644:
637:
632:
625:
620:
619:
615:
611:
607:
603:
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547:
543:
539:
535:
531:
530:iron gall ink
527:
526:
520:
516:
514:
509:
508:
503:
500:
496:
492:
488:
487:ink cartridge
484:
480:
476:
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462:
447:
442:
439:
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427:
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329:
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324:
319:
316:
312:
311:non-permanent
308:
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266:
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257:
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226:
222:
221:
216:
213:
209:
205:
201:
197:
193:
189:
185:
181:
180:
179:ballpoint pen
175:
174:
173:
166:
152:
150:
146:
142:
138:
134:
130:
126:
122:
118:
114:
110:
106:
102:
98:
94:
90:
86:
82:
78:
74:
70:
67:that applies
66:
62:
53:
49:
45:
41:
37:
33:
19:
2139:Pen spinning
2134:Pen painting
2059:Fountain pen
1886:Demonstrator
1856:
1806:
1790:
1779:. Retrieved
1775:the original
1770:
1761:
1749:
1730:
1705:
1696:
1677:
1668:
1662:
1641:|title=
1621:
1615:
1603:|title=
1583:
1577:
1565:|title=
1545:
1538:
1519:
1500:
1481:
1472:
1461:. Retrieved
1452:
1443:
1424:
1413:. Retrieved
1409:
1399:
1388:. Retrieved
1371:
1367:
1334:
1327:
1316:. Retrieved
1307:
1298:
1278:
1271:
1251:
1244:
1224:
1217:
1206:. Retrieved
1197:
1193:
1183:
1172:. Retrieved
1163:
1154:
1135:Modern Times
1134:
1127:
1107:
1100:
1091:
1071:
1064:
1044:
1037:
1018:
984:Pen spinning
924:
898:
881:
874:
868:", meaning "
859:
845:
833:Nazi Germany
817:
799:
782:
768:
760:Bryan Donkin
755:
752:Samuel Pepys
745:
722:
705:
699:
690:
641:An ink brush
610:eco-friendly
597:
587:
562:
552:
537:
523:
511:
505:
498:
486:
478:
472:
468:fountain pen
466:
460:
371:touchscreens
351:
321:
306:highlighters
304:
303:ink, called
274:felt-tip pen
272:
262:
218:
182:dispenses a
177:
171:
147:such as the
109:illustration
63:is a common
60:
58:
55:A luxury pen
48:
2160:Calligraphy
2009:Ink blotter
1926:highlighter
1164:Engineering
974:Digital pen
860:TOZ-Penkala
820:LĂĄszlĂł BĂrĂł
718:Middle Ages
534:calligraphy
495:eye dropper
412:A brush pen
369:when using
337:ink brushes
301:transparent
297:chalkboards
293:whiteboards
246:colors, in
231:that has a
149:Rapidograph
141:cartography
133:ceramic tip
113:calligraphy
97:ruling pens
2262:Stationery
2241:Categories
2165:Cartooning
2129:Penmanship
2112:Pen Museum
1968:Rollerball
1807:Boston.com
1781:2013-05-03
1771:Rediff.com
1463:2017-11-30
1415:2024-06-07
1390:2021-08-01
1318:2018-04-08
1208:2018-04-08
1200:(9): IBC.
1174:2007-11-16
1011:References
964:Active pen
841:Erasermate
837:Paper Mate
831:, fleeing
764:Birmingham
665:A reed pen
606:Bangladesh
353:stylus pen
333:compliance
121:rollerball
2180:Lettering
2144:Retipping
2069:Iron gall
2054:Alizarine
1988:Technical
1936:permanent
1921:dry erase
1876:Ballpoint
1632:cite news
1623:The Times
1594:cite news
1585:The Times
1556:cite news
1547:The Times
1380:1548-3134
999:Space Pen
903:with the
829:Argentina
789:inventor
756:The Times
743:in 1787.
714:parchment
629:A dip pen
598:paper pen
554:ink brush
546:Jay Lynch
538:crowquill
525:India ink
367:precision
323:brush pen
254:inks, in
236:suspended
127:pens and
117:ballpoint
85:reed pens
2031:Penknife
2024:flex nib
1901:Fountain
1799:Archived
1738:Archived
1720:Archived
1686:Archived
1528:Archived
1508:Archived
1489:Archived
1457:Archived
1432:Archived
1384:Archived
1312:Archived
1202:Archived
1168:Archived
1026:Archived
957:See also
905:keyboard
851:Croatian
806:Romanian
785:(1636),
608:, is an
589:reed pen
457:Historic
281:, has a
208:permeate
125:fountain
93:dip pens
2231:Writing
2204:Narayam
2153:Related
2124:Pen gun
2074:Stark's
2014:Inkwell
1958:Rastrum
1891:Digital
748:Pompeii
710:Saqqara
696:papyrus
671:History
602:Jashore
507:dip pen
363:pottery
252:glitter
233:pigment
227:-based
220:gel pen
184:viscous
105:inkwell
81:drawing
77:writing
44:Ink Pen
2217:Portal
2192:Pencil
2175:Inking
2170:Comics
2036:Pounce
1983:Stylus
1973:Ruling
1916:Marker
1871:Active
1716:
1378:
1342:
1286:
1259:
1232:
1142:
1115:
1079:
1052:
989:Pencil
927:, 1636
870:Zagreb
787:German
773:, the
733:Hebrew
725:vellum
519:inkpot
491:piston
438:marker
283:porous
279:marker
240:opaque
160:Modern
123:pens,
119:pens,
91:pens,
75:, for
38:, and
2085:Other
2064:India
1953:Quill
1948:Qalam
1931:paint
1911:Light
1881:Brush
1864:Types
1374:(2).
802:Paris
779:Egypt
614:paper
577:cured
573:goose
564:quill
328:brush
277:, or
250:, in
225:water
202:, or
200:steel
196:brass
155:Types
89:quill
73:paper
2247:Pens
2046:Inks
1978:Skin
1963:Reed
1857:Pens
1669:XXVI
1645:help
1607:help
1569:help
1376:ISSN
1340:ISBN
1284:ISBN
1257:ISBN
1230:ISBN
1140:ISBN
1113:ISBN
1077:ISBN
1050:ISBN
849:, a
824:ball
795:cork
551:The
544:and
510:(or
479:feed
343:and
339:for
244:neon
192:wets
139:and
129:felt
111:and
95:and
18:Pens
2019:Nib
1906:Gel
1896:Dip
1671:(i)
1023:Pen
777:of
515:pen
513:nib
474:nib
288:wet
229:gel
131:or
101:nib
79:or
69:ink
61:pen
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1941:UV
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465:A
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320:A
271:A
261:A
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176:A
87:,
59:A
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1211:.
1177:.
1148:.
1121:.
1085:.
1058:.
317:.
46:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
