Penghu - Knowledge

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not suited for growing rice. The Ch'üan-chou people make their houses by thatching grass. The weather is always warm. The customs are rustic. Many of the people are long-lived . Men and women both wear long cloth gowns girded with local cotton cloth. They boil sea to get salt, and ferment millet to make liquor. They gather fish, shrimp, snails, and clams to supplement their . They burn ox dung to cook fish fat for use as oil. The land produces sesame and green beans. The goats multiply into flocks of several tens of thousands. A family brands their hair and cuts their horns as marks of identification, but does not gather them in during the day or night, so that they all forage for themselves. Their workmen and merchants enjoy the profits of a flourishing trade.

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these island. But the future title is not determined by the Japanese peace treaty, nor is it determined by the peace treaty which was concluded between the Republic of China and Japan. Therefore, the juridical status of these islands, Formosa and the Pescadores, is different from the juridical status of the offshore islands which have always been Chinese territory.

3527: 1629:. Chinese fishermen had settled on the Penghu Islands by 1171, when a group of "Bisheye" bandits with dark skin speaking a foreign language landed on Penghu and plundered the fields planted by Chinese migrants. The Song government sent soldiers after them and from that time on, Song patrols regularly visited Penghu in the spring and summer. A local official, 1761:

the Chinese would permit them to engage in trade. The Dutch continued to raid the Fujian coast between October 1622 and January 1624 to force their demands, but were unsuccessful. In 1624, the new governor of Fujian sent a fleet of 40–50 warships with 5,000 troops to Penghu and expelled the Dutch, who moved to

1988:

on April 28, 1952, and the treaty came into force on August 5, which is considered by some as giving a legal support to the Republic of China's claim to Taiwan as "de jure" territory. The treaty stipulates that all treaties, conventions, and agreements between China and Japan prior to 9 December 1941

4629:

But in the view of our State Department, no agreement has 'purported to transfer the sovereignty of Formosa to (the Republic of) China. At the present time, we accept the exercise of Chinese authority over Formosa, and recognize the Government of the Republic of China (the Nationalist Government) as

4515:

p8. "the principles of prescription and occupation that may justify the ROC's claim to Taiwan certainly are not applicable to the PRC because the application of these two principles to the Taiwan situation presupposes the validity of the two peace treaties by which Japan renounce its claim to Taiwan

3595:

Despite the size of the drug seizure, only the five crew members of the Chinese fishing boat were detained in the operation, with authorities "unable to find the Taiwanese ship which should have turned up to take delivery of the drugs". It was unclear from media reports how the Taiwanese side of the

1693:

The territory is attached to Chin-chiang county of Ch'üan-chou . During the reign-period Chih-yüan 至元 a sub-county magistrate was assigned there to be in charge of the annual tax fixed on salt; during the Chung-t'ung 中統 reign-period this amounted to ten ingots and twenty-five ounces. No other tax

4599:

The position of the Administration is that these territories were handed over to the Allied and associated powers of World War II by Japan, which had held them since 1895, and that General Chiang was merely asked to administer them for the Allied and associated powers pending a final decision as to

4553:

The legal position is different, as I think I pointed out in my last press conference, by virtue of the fact that technical sovereignty over Formosa and the Pescadores has never been settled. That is because the Japanese peace treaty merely involves a renunciation by Japan of its right and title to

2000:

However, in 1954, the United States denied that the sovereignty over Taiwan and the Penghu islands had been settled by the Treaty of Taipei. In the following year, the United States also stated its position that Taiwan and Penghu were handed over to the Allied Powers, and that the Republic of China

1875:

an advanced base from which their short-range coal-burning ships could control the Taiwan Straits and thus prevent more Chinese troops from being sent to Taiwan. This action persuaded the Chinese negotiators at Shimonoseki that Japan was determined to annex Taiwan, and, after Penghu, Taiwan and the

1690:

There are thirty-six islands, large and small, so close together that the slopes of one are visible from another. Among them are seven harbors which are named. With a favoring wind they can be reached from Ch'üan-chou in two days and nights. There is grass but no trees ; the land is barren and

1760:

in 1622, they seized Penghu, built a fort there, and threatened raids on Chinese ports and shipping unless the Chinese allowed trading with them on Penghu and that China not trade with Manila. In response, the Chinese governor of Fujian demanded that the Dutch withdraw from Penghu to Taiwan, where

3575:

In 2016, Chou Meng-hsiang (周盟翔), chief prosecutor of the Penghu District Prosecutors Office, "led an investigation team in Taiwan, including officers from the Coast Guard Administration, in a bid to bring (a) drug trafficking ring to justice." A joint investigation with Philippine and Chinese

6279:

The provinces are merely retained as nominal entities within the constitutional structure, as they have no governing power following the formal dissolution of the provincial administrative organs in 2018. Cities and counties are de facto regarded as the principal constituent divisions of the

3389:, the ROC government plans to set up a total of 200 wind turbines in Penghu within 10 years. However, only 14 turbines have been set up as of 2015. On 1 October 2015, Taipower announced the construction of another 11 new wind turbines across the island, of which six will be constructed in 1938:

of 1943, the United States, the United Kingdom and China stated it to be their purpose that "all the territories that Japan has stolen from the Chinese, such as Formosa and The Pescadores, shall be restored to the Republic of China". On 26 July 1945, the three governments issued the

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ARTICLE VI. For the purposes of Articles II and V, the terms "territorial" and "territories" shall mean in respect of the Republic of China, Taiwan and the Pescadores: and in respect of the United States of America, the island territories in the West Pacific under its

3571:

As a lightly populated outlying island, Penghu lends itself to being used as a trans-shipment hub for drug smuggling into Taiwan from China and the Philippines. Beginning in 2016, the area became the focus of a major drug trafficking crackdown by the Taiwanese police.

4112:

Older low-sea-level events, 225, 240–280, ?300, 335–360 and 425–450 ka cannot be completely excluded as the age for Penghu 1, but such a situation requires explanation for preservation through repeated sedimentary events and the unusual distribution of

91: 1640:

had houses built on Penghu and stationed troops there to prevent depredations by the Bisheye. Coins dating to the Xining (1068-1077) and Zhenghe (1111-1117) reign periods as well as many Song pottery and porcelain shards have been unearthed in Penghu.

4513:, decided by the Tokyo High Court on December 24, 1956, it was stated that 'Formosa and the Pescadores came to belong to the Republic of China, at any rate on August 5, 1952, when the Treaty between Japan and the Republic of China came into force…'" 3576:

authorities spanning one and a half years resulted in the seizure of "22.6 kilograms of amphetamine, 11.4 kilograms of ephedrine, and about 40 kilograms of calcium chloride" with an estimated value of NT$ 123 million. Eight suspects were arrested in

2009:, no agreement has purported to transfer the sovereignty of Taiwan to the ROC, though it accepted the exercise of Chinese authority over Taiwan and recognized the Government of the Republic of China as the legal government of China at the time. 1943:, declaring that "the terms of the Cairo Declaration shall be carried out". However, the United States and the United Kingdom have regarded the aforementioned documents as merely wartime statements of intention with no binding force in law. 1430:, identified as Penghu, that had thousands of sandbars called "Pinghu" (flat lake) because of the "encircling shape of its inner coastline". Song sources describe migrants from Fujian cultivating land on Pinghu. In 1225, the Song historian 3587:

was seized from a Chinese fishing boat off Penghu "as part of an ongoing crackdown on the area drug trade". Ephedrine smuggling has increased in recent years as it has a similar structure to amphetamines and can be easily converted into

4492: 3596:

smuggling operation knew to abort the rendezvous. The suppliers of the shipment also evaded capture. It was believed that the drugs were destined to be transported from Penghu for distribution on Taiwan.

4949:

Penghu county consists of 1 city and 5 townships, which are Magong city, Huxi Township, Baisha Township, Xiyu Township, Wang-an Township and Qimei Township. The city and township comprise 97 villages.

3408:

use, in November 2015 the county secured a contract of building an additional desalination plant with 4,000 m capacity per day, construction of which is expected to be completed by May 2018.

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Leyden Studies in Sinology: Papers Presented at the Conference Held in Celebration of the Fiftieth Anniversary of the Sinological Institute of Leyden University, December 8-12, 1980

5946: 1363:

Penghu Islands rely solely on sea and air transportation, with air transport having a significant role in outside access. The islands are served by three local domestic airports:

4505:

p7. "In any case, there appears to be strong legal ground to support the view that since the entry into force of the 1952 ROC-Japan bilateral peace treaty, Taiwan has become the

2034:, disintegrated and exploded over the Islands. The wreckage slammed into the Taiwan Strait, a couple of miles off the coast. All 225 passengers and crew on board were killed. 4996: 4651: 3420:

was established in the early 1990s, comprising most of the islands and islets of the archipelago. Tourism has since become one of the main sources of income of the county.

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County "Penghu". In 1227, Wang Xiangzhi described Penghu as a group of 36 islands in an "outlying region" which took three days to reach by sailing from Jinjiang. In the

6335: 4586: 4674: 2914: 5982: 4381: 3827: 3592:. According to a Focus Taiwan report, "(It) can then be sold for ten times the price, in this case that would be more than NT$ 1 billion (US$ 33.33 million)." 3864: 3341: 3330: 5790:

Twentieth century impressions of Hongkong, Shanghai, and other treaty ports of China: their history, people, commerce, industries, and resources, Volume 1

3291:

does not include Penghu, although it is closer to Taiwan than mainland China. Thus, Penghu is listed separately from "Taiwan" in some contexts, e.g. the

4915: 5975: 5112: 4509:

territory of the ROC. This interpretation of the legal status of Taiwan is confirmed by several Japanese court decisions. For instance, in the case of

3840:...Section. 15. For purposes of this Act- 2. the term "Taiwan" includes, as the context may require, the islands of Taiwan and the Pescadores (Penghu). 3314:

due to their declining population. The ban was partially lifted in 2017, with catches limited to only specimens larger than 8 cm (3.1 in) in

4616: 1820:, whose naval victories during the war had made him a national hero in France. Courbet was among several French soldiers and sailors who succumbed to 1442:

language, both Pinghu and Penghu are pronounced similarly, and scholars in Taiwan believe them to be the same place. In Southern Min it is pronounced

5304: 5271: 1863:, having defeated the Qing in northern China, Japan sought to ensure that it obtained Penghu and Taiwan in the final settlement. In March 1895, the 1614:

began to establish fishing communities on the islands in the 9th and 10th centuries, and representatives were intermittently stationed there by the

6267: 4428: 6328: 5048: 4613:"William P. Rogers, Attorney General of the United States, Appellant v. Cheng Fu Sheng and Lin Fu Mei, Appellees, 280 F.2d 663 (D.C. Cir. 1960)" 3292: 3284: 1416: 5722:—— (2006). "The Seventeenth-century Transformation: Taiwan under the Dutch and the Cheng Regime". In Rubinstein, Murray A. (ed.). 5936: 4837: 4805: 4773: 4741: 3295:(the official WTO name for the Republic of China) and in the Treaty of Shimonoseki, the Cairo Declaration, and the Treaty of San Francisco. 1969:

by the Allied Powers. The Office of the Supreme Commander for the Allied Powers ordered Japanese forces in China and Taiwan to surrender to

4891: 4058:

Chang, Chun-Hsiang; Kaifu, Yousuke; Takai, Masanaru; Kono, Reiko T.; Grün, Rainer; Matsu’ura, Shuji; Kinsley, Les; Lin, Liang-Kong (2015).

3279:, both the Republic of China and the People's Republic of China agree that Penghu is a county in (their own respective) "Taiwan Province" ( 1630: 1457:, "Pinghu"(平湖) was also written as "Penghu"(彭湖), and ultimately the consensus, is to write "Penghu"(澎湖). The islands have also been called 6616: 5515:

Hsu, Wen-hsiung (1980). "From Aboriginal Island to Chinese Frontier: The Development of Taiwan before 1683". In Knapp, Ronald G. (ed.).

3984: 6321: 6009: 4712: 325: 302: 206: 154: 4961: 2001:

was merely asked to administer these territories for the Allied Powers pending a final decision as to their ownership. In the 1960

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commissioned in 2001, and the Hujing Power Plant on Table Island. On 24 December 2010, the Taiwan-Penghu Undersea Cable Project of

1997:

case, it was stated that Taiwan and the Penghu islands came to belong to the ROC on the date the Treaty of Taipei came into force.

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anecdotally indicated that Penghu was attached to Jinjiang, Quanzhou Prefecture. A group of Quanzhou immigrants lived on Penghu.

5486: 5392: 5361: 5330: 5201: 5170: 5139: 5082: 1951: 5703:

Wills, John E. Jr. (1998). "Relations with maritime Europeans, 1514–1662". In Twitchett, Denis C.; Mote, Frederick W. (eds.).

5232: 3793: 5880: 5861: 5842: 5823: 5777: 5750: 5731: 5712: 5684: 5598: 5534: 5505: 5467: 3967: 3303:

Due to its restricted geography, fishing has been the main industry for Penghu. The Agriculture and Fisheries Bureau of the

6286: 6019: 5431: 1908: 1177: 4571: 6098: 3580:, a small island in northern Philippines, but no Taiwanese nationals were charged in relation to the importation scheme. 1349: 6387: 4936: 4682: 4005:大正6年（1917），日人藤田豊八在〈南蠻之來襲〉中，認為「平湖」與「澎湖」為同音異字。毛一波由音韻解釋：「平」可作「旁」音讀之。「彭」音「滂」，本與「旁」通，「旁」即是「滂」。「澎」之字音也是從「旁」字而來，是故「平」與「澎」為同音異字。 6344: 6014: 5998: 4132: 3710: 2954: 1885: 5069: 4377: 4240: 2015:

fleeing Vietnam in the 1970s and 1980s who were rescued by Taiwan's ships in the South China Sea were sent to Penghu.

1725:. When these restrictions were removed in the late 16th century, legal fishing communities, most of which hailed from 4486: 3960:

Formosa under the Dutch: described from contemporary records, with explanatory notes and a bibliography of the island

3918: 3507: 3496: 2865: 1229: 5856:. Sinica Leidensia. Vol. 15. Rijksuniversiteit te Leiden. Sinologisch instituut (illustrated ed.). BRILL. 3815: 1977:

handed over the administration of Taiwan and the Penghu islands to the head of the Taiwan Investigation Commission,

6611: 1379:

comprises most of the islands and islets of the archipelago. It is also renowned for its unique natural feature of

4238:明萬曆年以後，澎湖第二次有移住民，以福建泉州府屬同安縣金門人遷來最早; 其後接踵而至者，亦以同安縣人為最多。彼等捷足先至者，得以優先選擇良好地區定居之，澎湖本島即多被同安人所先占; 尤其素稱土地沃之湖西鄉，完全成為同安人之區域。 2055: 2047: 6084: 3852: 3260: 1826: 124: 3559: 3476: 3468: 874: 670: 454: 97: 6029: 3951: 2861: 1333: 1074: 979: 846: 772: 642: 568: 17: 5116: 4548: 4612: 3860: 3823: 3264: 993: 786: 582: 278: 3955: 6313: 5677:

Mercenaries, Pirates, and Sovereigns: State-Building and Extraterritorial Violence in Early Modern Europe

5296: 3534: 3417: 1376: 937: 730: 526: 470: 5263: 3720: 3276: 1896: 1864: 1813: 114: 5044: 6368: 6348: 3583:

In 2017, media reported "the biggest-ever haul of drugs in the county's history" when 506 kg of

3367: 2051: 2043: 2019: 1279:, covering an area of 141 square kilometers (54 sq mi). The archipelago collectively forms 461: 6253: 6124: 3789: 3715: 3337: 3304: 3025: 2988: 2968: 2934: 2909: 1745: 1712: 256: 186: 3404:

capacity of the county to provide clean water to its residents is 15,500 m per day. To reduce its

3336:

Education-related matters in Penghu County are administered under the Education Department of the

143: 6606: 4864:"Geochronology and geochemistry of Penghu basalts, Taiwan Strait and their tectonic significance" 4830: 4798: 4766: 4734: 3492: 3440: 3424: 3213: 3179: 3148: 3114: 3083: 3038: 1860: 1762: 1453:, Penghu's original name had been "Pinghu"(平湖), but as "Ping"(平) sounded similar to "Peng"(彭) in 4863: 3352: 1973:, who the Allied Powers delegated to accept the surrender. On 25 October 1945, Governor-General 6601: 6562: 4708: 3464: 2719: 1962: 1935: 1872: 349: 3521:

The county welcomed 1.8 million tourists in 2018 with an average annual growth of around 10%.

1773: 5646:

Thompson, Lawrence G. (1964). "The earliest eyewitness accounts of the Formosan aborigines".

5555:

The Taiwan Strait between the Twelfth and Sixteenth Centuries and the Maritime Route to Luzon

4478:

The international status of Taiwan in the new world order: legal and political considerations

4068: 3992: 3652: 3432: 3363: 3356: 2992: 2006: 1990: 1881: 1808:

The Penghu archipelago was captured by the French in March 1885, in the closing weeks of the

1316:. The archipelago was formally incorporated as an administrative unit of China in 1281 under 1305: 261: 101: 5616: 4704: 4535:(13 December 1954). "News Conference Statements: Purpose of treaty with Republic of China". 1797:. Military personnel were stationed on Penghu afterwards. Penghu became a sub-prefecture of 6552: 6542: 6174: 5460:

The New Cambridge Modern History IV: The Decline of Spain and the Thirty Years War, 1609–59

4875: 4077: 3472: 3371: 1978: 1907:(Makung) was a major base for the Imperial Japanese Navy and the embarkation point for the 1730: 1353: 410: 35: 4962:"Constituency Legislator Election, Penghu County Constituency, Ballots Cast of Candidates" 1403:(960–1279), it was mentioned that during the Tang period, "Pinghu" barbarians from beyond 677: 8: 6462: 6457: 5940: 5788: 4969: 4532: 3240: 2746: 2692: 1966: 1958: 1940: 1904: 1817: 1786: 1782: 1596: 1588: 1486: 1481: 1473: 1328:. It continued to be controlled by Imperial China with brief European occupations by the 1141: 5620: 5563: 4879: 4081: 6452: 6447: 5893:

China, Her History, Diplomacy, and Commerce: From the Earliest Times to the Present Day

5663: 5018: 4098: 4059: 3460: 3452: 3216: 3182: 3151: 3117: 3086: 3041: 1947: 1877: 1635: 1892: 1852: 1843: 1244: 1055: 1031: 827: 623: 6257: 6244: 5967: 5897: 5876: 5857: 5838: 5819: 5773: 5746: 5727: 5708: 5680: 5626: 5604: 5594: 5577: 5569: 5530: 5501: 5482: 5463: 4988: 4912: 4887: 4482: 4117:. Therefore, Penghu 1 is younger than 450 ka, and most likely 10–70 ka or 130–190 ka. 4103: 3963: 3914: 3656: 3456: 3448: 3069: 3010: 2980: 2972: 2893: 2696: 2634: 2586: 1954: 1798: 1454: 1384: 1380: 1345: 1321: 1015: 1007: 808: 800: 604: 596: 96:

Clockwise from the top: A night view of Xiying Rainbow Bridge, Zhongyang Old Street,

31: 5741:—— (2010). "Maritime Europe and the Ming". In Wills, John E. Jr. (ed.). 5479:

Pentecost of the Hills in Taiwan: The Christian Faith Among the Original Inhabitants

5400: 5369: 5338: 5209: 5178: 5147: 5090: 4966:

The 14th Presidential and Vice Presidential Election and The 9th Legislator Election

3745: 6404: 5659: 5655: 5520: 5240: 5070:

http://island.giee.ntnu.edu.tw/ISISA2004/ISISA8/107%204-2-C-4%20Liu%20Yin%20Yuh.pdf

4883: 4540: 4093: 4085: 3785: 3444: 3288: 3256: 1985: 1915: 1794: 1493: 1435: 1309: 1272: 1200: 902: 695: 489: 6581: 6566: 6515: 6419: 6372: 6204: 6184: 6157: 6107: 6063: 6048: 5958: 5905: 5794: 5756: 5634: 4919: 4244: 3750: 3660: 3589: 3379: 3280: 3015: 1970: 1809: 1802: 1757: 1674:

County, incorporating Penghu into China's borders 403 years earlier than Taiwan.

1599:

from southwestern Taiwan around 5,000 years ago, though not settled permanently.

1412: 1372: 1337: 1290: 1165: 1129: 965: 758: 554: 211: 77: 43: 5743:

China and Maritime Europe, 1500–1800: Trade, Settlement, Diplomacy, and Missions

5423: 3247:. Two shorter bridges connect Huxi and Baisha via the small island of Zhongtun. 3239:

and Xiyu are the three most populous islands and are connected via bridges. The

1974: 1682: 881: 6576:

Lienchiang County commonly known as Matsu. Diaoyutai Islands are controlled by

6529: 6505: 6485: 6414: 6376: 6214: 6209: 6169: 4577: 4433: 3702: 3620: 3503: 3436: 3428: 3394: 3386: 3375: 3169: 3076: 2745:

The majority of the populace (72%+) in Penghu are descendants of settlers from

2708: 2023: 1575: 1364: 1313: 1276: 951: 744: 540: 425: 395: 5891: 2925: 6595: 6537: 6521: 6495: 6439: 6429: 6409: 6229: 6199: 6194: 6189: 6179: 5962: 5705:

The Cambridge History of China: Volume 8, The Ming Dynasty, 1368–1644, Part 2

4992: 4932: 4582: 4032: 3688: 3664: 3648: 3632: 3628: 3608: 3515: 3484: 3236: 3104: 2976: 2730: 2465: 1926: 1729:

County, were re-established on the islands. These fishermen worshiped at the

1615: 1421: 1368: 1357: 1268: 1024: 274: 169: 156: 5816:

Matters of Exchange: Commerce, Medicine, and Science in the Dutch Golden Age

5798: 5760: 5608: 5581: 4136: 6500: 6490: 5909: 5770:

China's Conquest of Taiwan in the Seventeenth Century: Victory at Full Moon

5638: 4566: 4237: 4107: 3480: 3401: 3390: 3326: 3206: 3141: 2938: 2918: 2715: 1900: 1790: 1718: 1659: 1619: 1592: 1462: 1439: 1400: 1396: 1341: 1329: 1325: 1301: 1153: 1117: 1112: 1107: 1045: 909: 817: 702: 613: 496: 6343: 5931: 5630: 1848: 3889:

Asian & Pacific Quarterly of Cultural and Social Affairs:15-16, p. 43

3405: 2012: 1868: 1699: 1677: 1663: 1646: 1607: 1563: 1260: 5667: 2959: 30:"Pescadores" redirects here. For the Ecuadorian socio-ethnic group, see 5525: 4089: 3488: 3311: 2942: 2897: 2711:. The stratigraphy of the island is dominated by two to four layers of 1741:. The Ming established a permanent military presence starting in 1597. 1726: 1671: 1431: 1360:, Penghu is defined and geographically acknowledged as part of Taiwan. 1317: 5546:

China's Island Frontier: Studies in the Historical Geography of Taiwan

5517:

China's Island Frontier: Studies in the Historical Geography of Taiwan

884: 6360: 6079: 6068: 3636: 3584: 2031: 1737:

its name and themselves gave rise to the Portuguese and English name

1571: 340: 1871:. The Japanese occupation of Penghu, with its fine harbor, gave the 1824:

during the French occupation of Penghu. He died aboard his flagship

1395:

The "Penghu" islands were mentioned in a series of poems during the

1300:

The Penghu islands first appear in the historical record during the

6558: 6053: 5233:"Annual Ridership on Kinmen-Fujian Ferry Services Tops 1.5 Million" 3315: 2723: 2065:

Climate data for Penghu (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1897–present）

1989:

were null and void, which according to Hungdah Chiu, abolishes the

1559: 1427: 1404: 923: 716: 510: 357: 39: 5625:. London, New York, Bombay and Calcutta: Longmans, Green, and co. 5591:

Statecraft and Political Economy on the Taiwan Frontier, 1600–1800

5424:"Massive Drugs Catch on Chinese Fishing Boat Near Taiwan's Penghu" 2869: 6141: 6136: 3696: 3604: 3577: 3307:

governs matters related to agriculture and fisheries in Penghu.

2704: 1821: 1567: 1271:, located approximately 50 km (31 mi) west of the main 1241: 1052: 824: 620: 5901: 5573: 1185: 6480: 6396: 6352: 6224: 6146: 6058: 6041: 5923: 5875:. Translated by William W. Wang. China Intercontinental Press. 5835:

Maritime Sector, Institutions, and Sea Power of Premodern China

3668: 3624: 3544: 3540: 3518:

as a means to boost tourism in the outlying islands of Taiwan.

3511: 3385:

Under a wind power development project approved in 2002 by the

3293:

Separate Customs Territory of Taiwan, Penghu, Kinmen, and Matsu

3244: 3030: 2984: 2750: 2712: 2027: 1831: 1749: 1734: 1722: 1611: 1408: 1294: 1286: 371: 345: 222: 199: 1535: 6577: 6424: 5696:

Maritime Taiwan: Historical Encounters with the East and West

5171:"Penghu Chief Seeks Support for Desalination Plant Expansion" 1753: 1520: 1297:, located on the largest island, which is also named Magong. 1264: 1221: 1079: 1060: 851: 832: 647: 628: 5202:"Ferry Service Between Tainan and Penghu's Dongji Kicks Off" 3235:

The main island (comprising Magong City and Huxi Township),

5083:"Ban on Sea Urchin Harvesting Temporarily Lifted in Penghu" 4204: 3055: 1511: 1502: 1212: 4408: 5297:"Largest-Ever Haul of Drugs Found Off Penghu, Police Say" 1680:

gave a detailed first-hand account of the islands in his

1526: 1209: 4334: 4216: 3763: 3761: 1756:. When the Dutch were defeated by the Portuguese at the 5393:"Taiwan, China, Philippines Bust Drug Trafficking Ring" 4429:"Cairo Formosa Declaration Out of Date, Says Churchill" 4396: 4192: 3510:

upon arrival in Penghu. This privilege also applies to

1721:

ordered the evacuation of the islands as part of their

1562:, a fossil jaw (mandible) dating to the Middle or Late 6284: 5997: 5140:"Taipower to Help Build Penghu Into Low-Carbon County" 4298: 4274: 4168: 4158: 4156: 4154: 3310:

In 2016, the bureau placed a ban on the harvesting of

5264:"Official Clarifies Following Han's Penghu Ferry Vow" 4322: 4286: 4262: 3758: 1961:, which directed Japanese forces to surrender to the 1865:

Japanese defeated the Chinese garrison on the islands

1538: 1529: 1508: 1505: 1496: 1230: 1012: 998: 984: 970: 956: 942: 928: 914: 805: 791: 777: 763: 749: 735: 721: 707: 601: 587: 573: 559: 545: 531: 515: 501: 5329:

Chen, Chih-ching; Liu, Kuan-lin (16 December 2017).

4644:"Despite Perils Afloat, Vietnamese Continue to Flee" 4346: 4310: 3929: 3927: 3678: 3342:

National Penghu University of Science and Technology

3331:

National Penghu University of Science and Technology

3243:

connecting Baisha and Xiyu is the longest bridge in

1789:

under the Zheng family, which was overthrown by the

1523: 1517: 1499: 1387:

is one of the main sources of income to the county.

1206: 5593:(illustrated ed.). Stanford University Press. 5391:Chen, Chi-ching; Huang, Frances (4 February 2016). 5360:Hsieh, Chia-chen; Chang, S. C. (28 November 2016). 4531: 4453: 4358: 4151: 4127: 4125: 4057: 1514: 1218: 1215: 1203: 1036: 5331:"More Details Revealed About Drug Bust off Penghu" 5200:Chang, Jung-hsiang; Kuo, Chung-han (29 May 2016). 4983:Alsford, Niki J. P.; Griffith, Ed (14 July 2020). 4570: 4250: 1914:In 1944, Penghu was extensively bombed during the 6292:. The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill 5362:"President Orders All-Out Effort to Combat Drugs" 4470: 4468: 3924: 3892: 3255:The county elects a single representative to the 6593: 6268:List of townships/cities and districts in Taiwan 5787:Wright, Arnold (1908). Cartwright, H. A. (ed.). 5707:. Cambridge University Press. pp. 333–375. 5679:(reprint ed.). Princeton University Press. 5138:Chen, Chi-ching; Hung, Lauren (1 October 2015). 4180: 4122: 5481:(illustrated ed.). Hope Publishing House. 5462:. Vol. 4 (reprint ed.). CUP Archive. 5324: 5322: 5291: 5289: 5231:Huang, Hui-min; Low, Y. F. (30 December 2014). 4982: 4759: 4727: 4675:"China Airlines safety record in the spotlight" 2975:. It is further divided into 97 villages. Like 1304:and were inhabited by Chinese people under the 5745:. Cambridge University Press. pp. 24–77. 4791: 4465: 3639:operates flights between Penghu to Kaohsiung. 3475:. Other attractions in the county include the 1884:in April, helped to ensure the success of the 930:ㄆㄥˊ ㄏㄨˊ ㄒㄧㄢˋ 6329: 5983: 5793:. Lloyds Greater Britain publishing company. 4823: 4681:. Cable News Network LP, LLLP. Archived from 4051: 3655:. Magong Harbor hosts ferry connections with 3196: 3131: 3059: 2945:and headquartered at the Penghu County Hall. 2005:case, it was stated that, in the view of the 1880:had been ceded to Japan in the Sino-Japanese 1752:to Dutch trade and expel the Portuguese from 879: 723:ㄆㄥˊ ㄏㄨˊ ㄉㄠˇ 675: 459: 62: 5319: 5286: 4565: 2963:Administrative subdivisions of Penghu County 2921:, the incumbent Magistrate of Penghu County. 1748:was trying to force China to open a port in 51:County in Taiwan Province, Republic of China 5519:. The University of Hawaii. pp. 3–28. 3946: 3944: 3942: 3285:Taiwan Province, People's Republic of China 3261:2016 Republic of China legislative election 2948: 2862:"Populations by city and country in Taiwan" 2699:basalt at South Penghu Marine National Park 1984:The Republic of China and Japan signed the 1490:but, in English, it is typically closer to 1189:Northern islands of Penghu (the Pescadores) 6336: 6322: 6010:List of administrative divisions of Taiwan 5990: 5976: 5359: 4985:"China is Becoming Increasingly Assertive" 4862:Juang, W. S.; Chen, J.C. (February 1992). 4474: 4370: 6584:). Seat of the outlying islands' counties 5615: 5524: 5390: 4868:Journal of Southeast Asian Earth Sciences 4861: 4481:. Kluwer Law International. p. 337. 4426: 4414: 4097: 3909: 3907: 2900:dialect being the most prevalent speech. 6285:Sarah Shair-Rosenfield (November 2020). 5645: 5588: 5498:Straits of Malacca: Gateway or Gauntlet? 5230: 5199: 5137: 5081:Chen, Chi-ching; Lin, Ko (11 May 2017). 4545:United States Government Printing Office 4304: 4210: 4198: 3950: 3939: 3780: 3778: 3776: 3603: 3351: 3325: 3068: 2958: 2924: 2913: 2726:deposited in shallow marine conditions. 2691: 1925: 1847: 1772: 1566:that belonged to a member of an extinct 1184: 294:141.052 km (54.460 sq mi) 5674: 5495: 5328: 5080: 4292: 4280: 4233: 4231: 4010: 3982: 1812:, and evacuated four months later. The 14: 6594: 5786: 5476: 5457: 5421: 5115:. Taiwan Power Company. Archived from 4836:(in Chinese). Central Weather Bureau. 4804:(in Chinese). Central Weather Bureau. 4772:(in Chinese). Central Weather Bureau. 4740:(in Chinese). Central Weather Bureau. 4672: 4619:from the original on 30 September 2022 4328: 4316: 4268: 3904: 3533:Original 1908 memorial to the cruiser 2775: 1952:Supreme Commander of the Allied Powers 1785:and the archipelago were ruled by the 1781:For a period in the mid-17th century, 1595:, indicate that Penghu was visited by 1426:described a place across the sea from 1014: 807: 603: 6317: 6248:under special municipalities / cities 5971: 5740: 5721: 5702: 5543: 5399:. Central News Agency. Archived from 5368:. Central News Agency. Archived from 5337:. Central News Agency. Archived from 5239:. Central News Agency. Archived from 5208:. Central News Agency. Archived from 5177:. Central News Agency. Archived from 5146:. Central News Agency. Archived from 5089:. Central News Agency. Archived from 5033:– via Taiwan Documents Project. 4999:from the original on 16 November 2021 4843:from the original on 19 December 2022 4811:from the original on 19 February 2022 4384:from the original on 2 September 2022 4364: 4352: 4340: 4222: 4162: 3933: 3867:from the original on 24 December 2022 3853:"Sino-American Mutual Defense Treaty" 3773: 1485: 1472:The name "Pescadores" comes from the 1308:, during which they were attached to 6020:List of metropolitan areas in Taiwan 5767: 5693: 5561: 5434:from the original on 21 January 2022 5422:Strong, Matthew (16 December 2017). 5261: 5051:from the original on 6 December 2010 4779:from the original on 17 October 2022 4747:from the original on 17 October 2022 4715:from the original on 9 December 2022 4641: 4459: 4402: 4256: 4228: 3502:Since 1 January 2015, tourists from 3270: 1993:ceding Taiwan to Japan. In the 1956 1921: 98:Qimei Double-Heart of Stacked Stones 5890:Parker, Edward Harper, ed. (1917). 5552: 5514: 5307:from the original on 1 October 2022 5274:from the original on 1 October 2022 5168: 4697: 4654:from the original on 8 October 2016 4427:Middleton, Drew (2 February 1955). 4186: 4174: 3962:. London: Kegan Paul. p. 546. 3898: 3830:from the original on 19 August 2022 3767: 3566: 1668:Penghu Patrol and Inspection Agency 1350:Sino-American Mutual Defense Treaty 24: 6617:Archipelagoes of the Pacific Ocean 6015:Free area of the Republic of China 5999:Administrative divisions of Taiwan 5807: 5059:– via National Diet Library. 5025:from the original on 23 April 2022 4939:from the original on 6 August 2020 4441:from the original on 17 March 2022 3711:Administrative divisions of Taiwan 3539:pictured. Modern park memorial in 2967:Penghu County is divided into one 2955:Administrative divisions of Taiwan 2892:In Penghu, the native language is 2770: 1967:occupation of Japanese territories 1891:Penghu County was then called the 1837: 1344:, Penghu has been governed by the 1336:(1885), until it was ceded to the 25: 6628: 5949:(Copyright © 2012 Culture Taiwan) 5917: 5262:Shan, Shelley (29 October 2019). 4894:from the original on 27 June 2018 4589:from the original on 8 March 2015 4495:from the original on 8 April 2023 3913:方豪，1994，《台灣早期史綱》，頁33-34，台北：學生書局. 3796:from the original on 1 March 2021 3497:South Penghu Marine National Park 3275:Despite the controversy over the 2933:Penghu County is administered by 1816:was the last campaign of Admiral 34:. For the 1938 Mexican film, see 27:Island group and county of Taiwan 6386: 5952: 5726:. M.E. Sharpe. pp. 84–106. 4539:. Vol. XXXI, no. 807. 4378:"Reading Digital Atlas - 臺灣府汛塘圖" 3991:, pp. 92–93, archived from 3695: 3681: 3635:. Both airports opened in 1977. 3552: 3526: 2983:. The county seat is located at 1492: 1199: 1171: 1159: 1147: 1135: 1123: 192: 142: 123: 113: 90: 38:. It is not to be confused with 5852:Idema, Wilt Lukas, ed. (1981). 5500:. McGill-Queen's Press - MQUP. 5415: 5384: 5353: 5255: 5224: 5193: 5162: 5131: 5105: 5074: 5063: 5037: 5011: 4976: 4954: 4925: 4906: 4855: 4666: 4635: 4605: 4559: 4525: 4475:Henckaerts, Jean-Marie (1996). 4420: 4025: 4016: 3976: 2735: 2680:Source: Central Weather Bureau 2050:: Cwa), bordering on a regular 2042:Penghu County has a dry-winter 1768: 1706: 1653: 1602: 1434:called the islands attached to 1293:of Taiwan. The largest city is 1080: 1061: 1037: 852: 833: 648: 629: 5837:. Greenwood Publishing Group. 5694:Tsai, Shih-shan Henry (2009), 5660:10.1080/02549948.1964.11731044 5589:Shepherd, John Robert (1993). 5450: 4922:張屏生、李仲民(2006)《澎湖縣白沙鄉語言地理研究》p36 4630:the legal Government of China. 3883: 3845: 3808: 3751:Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary 3738: 3560:Double-Heart of Stacked Stones 3477:Double-Heart of Stacked Stones 3469:Chang Yu-sheng Memorial Museum 2740: 1348:(ROC). Under the terms of the 1013: 999: 985: 971: 957: 943: 929: 915: 880: 806: 792: 778: 764: 750: 736: 722: 708: 676: 602: 588: 574: 560: 546: 532: 516: 502: 460: 271: • County Magistrate 240:One city, five rural townships 63: 13: 1: 5565:L'escadre de l'amiral Courbet 4642:Kamm, Henry (5 August 1981). 3726: 2903: 2756: 2056:Köppen climate classification 2048:Köppen climate classification 1897:Japanese government of Taiwan 1623: 1578: 1554: 1334:Second French colonial empire 5937:澎湖研究學術研討會第1-8屆論文輯全球資訊網-歷屆論文 5932:Penghu Tour Official Website 5169:Liu, Kay (6 November 2015). 4935:. Penghu County Government. 4888:10.1016/0743-9547(92)90053-E 4673:Barron, Lisa (28 May 2002). 4537:Department of State Bulletin 3861:American Institute in Taiwan 3824:American Institute in Taiwan 3731: 3599: 3459:. Museums in the county are 3382:in Taiwan Island to Penghu. 3321: 3287:). Yet, geographically, the 3265:Democratic Progressive Party 3212: 3197: 3178: 3147: 3132: 3113: 3082: 3060: 3037: 3024: 7: 5957:Geographic data related to 5896:(2nd ed.). J. Murray. 5675:Thomson, Janice E. (1996). 5496:Freeman, Donald B. (2003). 5458:Cooper, J. P., ed. (1979). 3674: 3506:can directly apply for the 3418:Penghu National Scenic Area 3263:, this seat was won by the 3250: 2887: 2703:Penghu is the remnant of a 2538:Average precipitation days 2324:Mean daily minimum °C (°F) 2184:Mean daily maximum °C (°F) 1909:invasion of the Philippines 1886:Japanese invasion of Taiwan 1666:officially established the 1480:("Fishermen Islands"). The 1377:Penghu National Scenic Area 10: 6633: 5814:Cook, Harold John (2007). 5568:. Paris: Berger-Levrault. 5548:, The University of Hawaii 4516:and thus makes the island 4247:李紹章《澎湖縣誌》，《續修澎湖縣志（卷三）｜人民志》 3721:Political status of Taiwan 3411: 3298: 3277:political status of Taiwan 2952: 2907: 2868:. May 2018. Archived from 2728: 2687: 2679: 2064: 2037: 1841: 1805:, during the Qing period. 1710: 1670:under the jurisdiction of 1549: 1449:According to the official 1340:in 1895. Since the end of 200:Republic of China (Taiwan) 29: 6574: 6551: 6528: 6514: 6471: 6438: 6395: 6384: 6359: 6274: 6242: 6155: 6122: 6077: 6028: 6005: 5818:. Yale University Press. 5544:Knapp, Ronald G. (1980), 5477:Covell, Ralph R. (1998). 5397:Focus Taiwan News Channel 5366:Focus Taiwan News Channel 5335:Focus Taiwan News Channel 5237:Focus Taiwan News Channel 5206:Focus Taiwan News Channel 5175:Focus Taiwan News Channel 5144:Focus Taiwan News Channel 5087:Focus Taiwan News Channel 4243:13 September 2022 at the 4133:"Penghu Reclamation Hall" 3423:Historical sites include 3362:Penghu is powered by the 3347: 2858: 2788:— 2632: 2584: 2537: 2463: 2393: 2323: 2253: 2183: 2113: 2108: 2105: 2102: 2099: 2096: 2093: 2090: 2087: 2084: 2081: 2078: 2075: 2072: 2069: 2052:humid subtropical climate 2044:humid subtropical climate 2020:China Airlines Flight 611 1834:harbour on 11 June 1885. 1717:In the 15th century, the 1647:Book of Barbarian Nations 1096: 1073: 1051: 1044: 1030: 1023: 1006: 992: 978: 964: 950: 936: 922: 908: 901: 896: 892: 873: 868: 845: 823: 816: 799: 785: 771: 757: 743: 729: 715: 701: 694: 689: 685: 669: 664: 641: 619: 612: 595: 581: 567: 553: 539: 525: 519:ㄑㄩㄣˊ ㄉㄠˇ 509: 495: 488: 483: 479: 469: 453: 449: 444: 436: 421: 406: 391: 387: 382: 378: 366: 356: 339: 335:720/km (1,900/sq mi) 331: 321: 313: 308: 298: 290: 285: 270: 249: 244: 236: 228: 218: 205: 185: 150: 141: 137: 109: 89: 84: 75: 56: 6345:Administrative divisions 5924:Penghu County Government 5768:Wong, Young-tsu (2017). 5622:Japanese rule in Formosa 3983:中央研究院臺灣史研究所, 顏尚文 (ed.), 3790:Penghu County Government 3716:List of cities in Taiwan 3642: 3368:diesel-fired power plant 3340:. The county houses the 3338:Penghu County Government 3305:Penghu County Government 3283:, Republic of China and 3267:with 55.4% of the vote. 2949:Administrative divisions 2935:Penghu County Government 2910:Penghu County Government 2866:Ministry of the Interior 1746:Dutch East India Company 1574:, was discovered in the 1356:between the ROC and the 875:Traditional Chinese 671:Traditional Chinese 517:ㄆㄥˊ ㄏㄨˊ 455:Traditional Chinese 257:Penghu County Government 6612:Archipelagoes of Taiwan 5772:. Singapore: Springer. 5553:Liu, Yingsheng (2012), 5019:"Treaty of Shimonoseki" 4037:dicionario.priberam.org 4019:〈早期臺灣的開發與經營〉，《臺灣早期歷史研究》 3508:Exit & Entry Permit 3493:Xiaomen Geology Gallery 3441:Penghu Reclamation Hall 2979:, Penghu County has no 1861:First Sino-Japanese War 1859:Towards the end of the 1451:Penghu County Chronicle 1390: 1103:Historical affiliations 6030:Special municipalities 5562:Loir, Maurice (1886). 5113:"2010 Taipower Events" 4968:. 2016. Archived from 4918:6 October 2022 at the 4709:Central Weather Bureau 4511:Japan v. Lai Chin Jung 4115:Crocuta crocuta ultima 3816:"Taiwan Relations Act" 3614: 3611: 3465:Ocean Resources Museum 3359: 3333: 2964: 2930: 2922: 2700: 1995:Japan v. Lai Chin Jung 1931: 1873:Imperial Japanese Navy 1856: 1778: 1704: 1658:In November 1281, the 1399:(618–907). During the 1190: 1182: 1120:(1368–1622, 1624–1644) 350:National Standard Time 170:23.56750°N 119.57750°E 5724:Taiwan: A New History 5557:, Harrassowitz Verlag 4600:their ownership...... 4069:Nature Communications 3653:Longmen Jianshan Pier 3607: 3364:Chienshan Power Plant 3357:Chienshan Power Plant 3355: 3329: 2993:Penghu County Council 2962: 2937:headed by Magistrate 2928: 2917: 2762:Historical population 2729:Further information: 2695: 2026:aircraft flying from 2007:U.S. State Department 1991:Treaty of Shimonoseki 1950:on 2 September 1945, 1930:The Pescadores (1950) 1929: 1882:Treaty of Shimonoseki 1851: 1776: 1711:Further information: 1688: 1487:[pɨʃkɐˈðoɾɨʃ] 1411:, now the capital of 1306:Southern Song dynasty 1188: 1105: 262:Penghu County Council 102:Penghu Tianhou Temple 5871:Li, Qingxin (2006). 5303:. 17 December 2017. 4987:. IndraStra Global. 3619:Penghu is served by 3473:Penghu Living Museum 3374:was approved by the 3020:English translation 2987:where it houses the 2114:Record high °C (°F) 1713:Sino–Dutch conflicts 1694:or corvée is levied. 1570:species, possibly a 1478:Ilhas dos Pescadores 1354:Taiwan Relations Act 1289:and is the smallest 415:Gaillardia pulchella 332: • Density 36:Pescadores de perlas 5941:Traditional Chinese 5833:Deng, Gang (1999). 5698:, M.E. Sharpe, Inc. 5617:Takekoshi, Yosaburō 5403:on 27 November 2018 5372:on 27 November 2018 5341:on 27 November 2018 4880:1992JAESc...7..185J 4650:. Section A, p. 2. 4569:(6 February 1955). 4533:Department of State 4405:, pp. 291–317. 4343:, pp. 368–369. 4213:, pp. 167–168. 4082:2015NatCo...6.6037C 4060:"The first archaic 3995:on 11 February 2022 3956:"Explanatory Notes" 3241:Penghu Great Bridge 2872:on 16 December 2017 2763: 2394:Record low °C (°F) 2254:Daily mean °C (°F) 1965:and facilitate the 1959:General Order No. 1 1941:Potsdam Declaration 1855:Government building 1814:Pescadores Campaign 1787:Kingdom of Tungning 1777:Map of Penghu, 1752 1589:cord-marked pottery 1482:European Portuguese 1352:and the subsequent 1142:Kingdom of Tungning 175:23.56750; 119.57750 166: / 5873:Maritime Silk Road 5488:978-0-93-272-790-9 5181:on 7 November 2015 5045:"Cairo Communiqué" 4648:The New York Times 4225:, p. 167-168. 4177:, p. 170-171. 4090:10.1038/ncomms7037 3770:, p. 167-168. 3754:. Merriam-Webster. 3612: 3461:Chuwan Crab Museum 3453:Jinguitou Fortress 3400:The current total 3360: 3334: 3172:(Wang-an, Wang'an) 2989:Penghu County Hall 2965: 2931: 2929:Penghu County Hall 2923: 2761: 2701: 1948:surrender of Japan 1932: 1878:Liaodong Peninsula 1857: 1793:in 1683 after the 1779: 1744:At this time, the 1587:Finds of fine red 1407:had laid siege to 1263:of 90 islands and 1257:Pescadores Islands 1191: 547:Pʻêng-hu Chʻün-tao 475:Pescadores Islands 314: • Total 291: • Total 6589: 6588: 6567:Diaoyutai Islands 6311: 6310: 6287:"Taiwan Combined" 6238: 6237: 5882:978-7-5085-0932-7 5863:978-90-04-06529-1 5844:978-0-313-30712-6 5825:978-0-300-13492-6 5779:978-981-10-2248-7 5752:978-0-521-43260-3 5733:978-0-7656-1495-7 5714:978-0-521-24333-9 5686:978-1-4008-2124-2 5600:978-0-8047-2066-3 5536:978-0-8248-8005-7 5507:978-0-7735-2515-3 5469:978-0-521-29713-4 5150:on 2 October 2015 4913:在澎湖的最佔優勢的閩南話，是同安腔 4831:"氣象站各月份最低氣溫統計(續)" 4767:"氣象站各月份最高氣溫統計(續)" 4685:on 28 August 2010 4572:"New Formosa Bid" 4417:, pp. 80–82. 3969:978-957-638-083-9 3952:Campbell, William 3826:. 30 March 2022. 3457:Xiyu Western Fort 3449:Xiyu Eastern Fort 3271:Political dispute 3233: 3232: 3173: 3108: 2977:Lienchiang County 2894:Taiwanese Hokkien 2885: 2884: 2684: 2683: 2587:relative humidity 1955:Douglas MacArthur 1936:Cairo Declaration 1922:Republic of China 1799:Taiwan Prefecture 1622:governments from 1484:pronunciation is 1346:Republic of China 1322:Jiangzhe Province 1178:Republic of China 1154:Great Qing Empire 1118:Great Ming Empire 1113:Great Yuan Empire 1100: 1099: 1092: 1091: 980:Yale Romanization 903:Standard Mandarin 864: 863: 773:Yale Romanization 696:Standard Mandarin 660: 659: 569:Yale Romanization 533:Pernghwu Chyundao 490:Standard Mandarin 440: 439: 372:www.penghu.gov.tw 322: • Rank 299: • Rank 250: • Body 32:Cholos pescadores 16:(Redirected from 6624: 6390: 6349:outlying islands 6338: 6331: 6324: 6315: 6314: 6301: 6299: 6297: 6291: 6263: 6262: 6250: 6249: 6162: 6129: 6120: 6119: 6110: 6101: 6088: 6034: 5992: 5985: 5978: 5969: 5968: 5956: 5955: 5928: 5913: 5886: 5867: 5848: 5829: 5802: 5783: 5764: 5737: 5718: 5699: 5690: 5671: 5648:Monumenta Serica 5642: 5612: 5585: 5558: 5549: 5540: 5528: 5511: 5492: 5473: 5444: 5443: 5441: 5439: 5419: 5413: 5412: 5410: 5408: 5388: 5382: 5381: 5379: 5377: 5357: 5351: 5350: 5348: 5346: 5326: 5317: 5316: 5314: 5312: 5293: 5284: 5283: 5281: 5279: 5259: 5253: 5252: 5250: 5248: 5228: 5222: 5221: 5219: 5217: 5197: 5191: 5190: 5188: 5186: 5166: 5160: 5159: 5157: 5155: 5135: 5129: 5128: 5126: 5124: 5109: 5103: 5102: 5100: 5098: 5078: 5072: 5067: 5061: 5060: 5058: 5056: 5041: 5035: 5034: 5032: 5030: 5015: 5009: 5008: 5006: 5004: 4980: 4974: 4973: 4972:on 4 March 2016. 4958: 4952: 4951: 4946: 4944: 4929: 4923: 4910: 4904: 4903: 4901: 4899: 4874:(2–3): 185–193. 4859: 4853: 4852: 4850: 4848: 4842: 4835: 4827: 4821: 4820: 4818: 4816: 4810: 4803: 4795: 4789: 4788: 4786: 4784: 4778: 4771: 4763: 4757: 4756: 4754: 4752: 4746: 4739: 4731: 4725: 4724: 4722: 4720: 4701: 4695: 4694: 4692: 4690: 4670: 4664: 4663: 4661: 4659: 4639: 4633: 4632: 4626: 4624: 4609: 4603: 4602: 4596: 4594: 4574: 4563: 4557: 4556: 4541:Washington, D.C. 4529: 4523: 4522: 4502: 4500: 4472: 4463: 4457: 4451: 4450: 4448: 4446: 4424: 4418: 4415:Takekoshi (1907) 4412: 4406: 4400: 4394: 4393: 4391: 4389: 4374: 4368: 4362: 4356: 4350: 4344: 4338: 4332: 4326: 4320: 4314: 4308: 4302: 4296: 4290: 4284: 4278: 4272: 4266: 4260: 4254: 4248: 4235: 4226: 4220: 4214: 4208: 4202: 4196: 4190: 4184: 4178: 4172: 4166: 4160: 4149: 4148: 4146: 4144: 4139:on 30 March 2012 4135:. Archived from 4129: 4120: 4119: 4101: 4055: 4049: 4048: 4046: 4044: 4029: 4023: 4022: 4021:, pp. 91–92 4014: 4008: 4007: 4002: 4000: 3980: 3974: 3973: 3948: 3937: 3931: 3922: 3911: 3902: 3896: 3890: 3887: 3881: 3880: 3874: 3872: 3849: 3843: 3842: 3837: 3835: 3812: 3806: 3805: 3803: 3801: 3792:. 13 July 2017. 3782: 3771: 3765: 3756: 3755: 3742: 3705: 3700: 3699: 3691: 3686: 3685: 3684: 3567:Drug trafficking 3556: 3530: 3445:Qimei Lighthouse 3289:island of Taiwan 3257:Legislative Yuan 3220: 3219: 3200: 3199: 3186: 3185: 3171: 3155: 3154: 3135: 3134: 3130:Seven Beauties ( 3121: 3120: 3106: 3090: 3089: 3063: 3062: 3045: 3044: 2998: 2997: 2881: 2879: 2877: 2777: 2772: 2764: 2760: 2541: 2062: 2061: 2018:On 25 May 2002, 1986:Treaty of Taipei 1916:Penghu air raids 1795:Battle of Penghu 1702: 1639: 1628: 1625: 1583: 1580: 1545: 1544: 1541: 1540: 1537: 1532: 1531: 1528: 1525: 1522: 1519: 1516: 1513: 1510: 1507: 1504: 1501: 1498: 1489: 1425: 1332:(1622–1624) and 1284: 1273:island of Taiwan 1237: 1233: 1228: 1227: 1224: 1223: 1220: 1217: 1214: 1211: 1208: 1205: 1176: 1175: 1174: 1164: 1163: 1162: 1152: 1151: 1150: 1140: 1139: 1138: 1128: 1127: 1126: 1088: 1087: 1069: 1068: 1040: 1039: 1019: 1018: 1017: 1002: 1001: 988: 987: 974: 973: 960: 959: 946: 945: 932: 931: 918: 917: 894: 893: 888: 887: 860: 859: 841: 840: 812: 811: 810: 795: 794: 781: 780: 767: 766: 753: 752: 739: 738: 725: 724: 711: 710: 687: 686: 681: 680: 656: 655: 649:Phînn-ôo-kûn-tó 637: 636: 608: 607: 606: 591: 590: 577: 576: 563: 562: 549: 548: 535: 534: 521: 520: 505: 504: 481: 480: 465: 464: 442: 441: 430:Ficus microcarpa 374: 198: 196: 195: 181: 180: 178: 177: 176: 171: 167: 164: 163: 162: 159: 146: 127: 117: 100:, Baisha Beach, 94: 67: 66: 65: 54: 53: 21: 6632: 6631: 6627: 6626: 6625: 6623: 6622: 6621: 6592: 6591: 6590: 6585: 6582:Senkaku Islands 6570: 6547: 6524: 6510: 6467: 6434: 6391: 6382: 6373:Dongsha Islands 6355: 6342: 6312: 6307: 6306: 6295: 6293: 6289: 6281: 6270: 6260: 6252: 6251: 6247: 6243: 6234: 6160: 6151: 6127: 6116: 6106: 6097: 6090: 6082: 6073: 6032: 6024: 6001: 5996: 5953: 5926: 5920: 5889: 5883: 5870: 5864: 5851: 5845: 5832: 5826: 5813: 5810: 5808:Further reading 5805: 5780: 5753: 5734: 5715: 5687: 5601: 5537: 5508: 5489: 5470: 5453: 5448: 5447: 5437: 5435: 5420: 5416: 5406: 5404: 5389: 5385: 5375: 5373: 5358: 5354: 5344: 5342: 5327: 5320: 5310: 5308: 5295: 5294: 5287: 5277: 5275: 5260: 5256: 5246: 5244: 5229: 5225: 5215: 5213: 5198: 5194: 5184: 5182: 5167: 5163: 5153: 5151: 5136: 5132: 5122: 5120: 5111: 5110: 5106: 5096: 5094: 5093:on 16 June 2017 5079: 5075: 5068: 5064: 5054: 5052: 5043: 5042: 5038: 5028: 5026: 5017: 5016: 5012: 5002: 5000: 4981: 4977: 4960: 4959: 4955: 4942: 4940: 4931: 4930: 4926: 4920:Wayback Machine 4911: 4907: 4897: 4895: 4860: 4856: 4846: 4844: 4840: 4833: 4829: 4828: 4824: 4814: 4812: 4808: 4801: 4797: 4796: 4792: 4782: 4780: 4776: 4769: 4765: 4764: 4760: 4750: 4748: 4744: 4737: 4733: 4732: 4728: 4718: 4716: 4703: 4702: 4698: 4688: 4686: 4671: 4667: 4657: 4655: 4640: 4636: 4622: 4620: 4611: 4610: 4606: 4592: 4590: 4564: 4560: 4530: 4526: 4514: 4498: 4496: 4489: 4473: 4466: 4458: 4454: 4444: 4442: 4425: 4421: 4413: 4409: 4401: 4397: 4387: 4385: 4376: 4375: 4371: 4363: 4359: 4351: 4347: 4339: 4335: 4327: 4323: 4315: 4311: 4305:Shepherd (1993) 4303: 4299: 4291: 4287: 4279: 4275: 4267: 4263: 4255: 4251: 4245:Wayback Machine 4236: 4229: 4221: 4217: 4211:Thompson (1964) 4209: 4205: 4197: 4193: 4185: 4181: 4173: 4169: 4161: 4152: 4142: 4140: 4131: 4130: 4123: 4056: 4052: 4042: 4040: 4039:(in Portuguese) 4031: 4030: 4026: 4015: 4011: 3998: 3996: 3981: 3977: 3970: 3949: 3940: 3932: 3925: 3912: 3905: 3897: 3893: 3888: 3884: 3870: 3868: 3851: 3850: 3846: 3833: 3831: 3814: 3813: 3809: 3799: 3797: 3784: 3783: 3774: 3766: 3759: 3744: 3743: 3739: 3734: 3729: 3701: 3694: 3687: 3682: 3680: 3677: 3647:The county has 3645: 3617: 3602: 3590:methamphetamine 3569: 3562: 3557: 3548: 3531: 3414: 3395:Baisha Township 3380:electrical grid 3378:to connect the 3350: 3324: 3301: 3281:Taiwan Province 3273: 3253: 3211: 3177: 3146: 3112: 3081: 3071: 3036: 2981:urban townships 2973:rural townships 2957: 2951: 2912: 2906: 2890: 2875: 2873: 2860: 2759: 2743: 2738: 2733: 2690: 2685: 2539: 2532: 2527: 2522: 2517: 2512: 2507: 2502: 2497: 2492: 2487: 2482: 2477: 2472: 2458: 2453: 2448: 2443: 2438: 2433: 2428: 2423: 2418: 2413: 2408: 2403: 2398: 2388: 2383: 2378: 2373: 2368: 2363: 2358: 2353: 2348: 2343: 2338: 2333: 2328: 2318: 2313: 2308: 2303: 2298: 2293: 2288: 2283: 2278: 2273: 2268: 2263: 2258: 2248: 2243: 2238: 2233: 2228: 2223: 2218: 2213: 2208: 2203: 2198: 2193: 2188: 2178: 2173: 2168: 2163: 2158: 2153: 2148: 2143: 2138: 2133: 2128: 2123: 2118: 2040: 2003:Sheng v. Rogers 1971:Chiang Kai-shek 1924: 1893:Hōko Prefecture 1853:Hōko Prefecture 1846: 1844:Hōko Prefecture 1840: 1838:Empire of Japan 1810:Sino-French War 1803:Fujian Province 1771: 1758:Battle of Macau 1715: 1709: 1703: 1698: 1692: 1656: 1633: 1626: 1605: 1581: 1557: 1552: 1534: 1495: 1491: 1419: 1413:Fujian Province 1393: 1381:columnar basalt 1373:Wang-an Airport 1338:Japanese Empire 1310:Jinjiang County 1280: 1251: or 1235: 1231: 1202: 1198: 1183: 1180:(1945–present) 1172: 1170: 1169: 1166:Empire of Japan 1160: 1158: 1157: 1148: 1146: 1145: 1136: 1134: 1133: 1124: 1122: 1121: 1116: 1111: 1104: 1085: 1066: 966:Tongyong Pinyin 944:Pernghwu Shiann 938:Gwoyeu Romatzyh 857: 838: 759:Tongyong Pinyin 731:Gwoyeu Romatzyh 654:Phênn-ôo-kûn-tó 653: 634: 630:Phîⁿ-ô͘-kûn-tó 589:Pénghú Chiúndǎu 575:Pénghú Chyúndǎu 555:Tongyong Pinyin 527:Gwoyeu Romatzyh 518: 370: 266: 212:Taiwan Province 193: 191: 174: 172: 168: 165: 160: 157: 155: 153: 152: 133: 132: 131: 130: 121: 120: 105: 80: 71: 68: 61: 59: 52: 47: 44:Pescador Island 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 6630: 6620: 6619: 6614: 6609: 6607:Penghu Islands 6604: 6587: 6586: 6575: 6572: 6571: 6563:Guishan Island 6557: 6555: 6549: 6548: 6546: 6545: 6540: 6534: 6532: 6526: 6525: 6520: 6518: 6512: 6511: 6509: 6508: 6503: 6498: 6493: 6488: 6483: 6477: 6475: 6469: 6468: 6466: 6465: 6460: 6455: 6450: 6444: 6442: 6436: 6435: 6433: 6432: 6427: 6422: 6417: 6412: 6407: 6401: 6399: 6393: 6392: 6385: 6383: 6381: 6380: 6377:Taiping Island 6365: 6363: 6357: 6356: 6341: 6340: 6333: 6326: 6318: 6309: 6308: 6305: 6304: 6303: 6302: 6276: 6275: 6272: 6271: 6266: 6264: 6261:under counties 6240: 6239: 6236: 6235: 6233: 6232: 6227: 6222: 6217: 6212: 6207: 6202: 6197: 6192: 6187: 6182: 6177: 6172: 6166: 6164: 6153: 6152: 6150: 6149: 6144: 6139: 6133: 6131: 6117: 6115: 6114: 6113: 6112: 6103: 6091: 6075: 6074: 6072: 6071: 6066: 6061: 6056: 6051: 6046: 6045:(Capital city) 6037: 6035: 6026: 6025: 6023: 6022: 6017: 6012: 6006: 6003: 6002: 5995: 5994: 5987: 5980: 5972: 5966: 5965: 5950: 5944: 5934: 5929: 5919: 5918:External links 5916: 5915: 5914: 5887: 5881: 5868: 5862: 5849: 5843: 5830: 5824: 5809: 5806: 5804: 5803: 5784: 5778: 5765: 5751: 5738: 5732: 5719: 5713: 5700: 5691: 5685: 5672: 5643: 5613: 5599: 5586: 5559: 5550: 5541: 5535: 5512: 5506: 5493: 5487: 5474: 5468: 5454: 5452: 5449: 5446: 5445: 5414: 5383: 5352: 5318: 5285: 5254: 5223: 5212:on 30 May 2016 5192: 5161: 5130: 5119:on 17 May 2014 5104: 5073: 5062: 5036: 5010: 4975: 4953: 4924: 4905: 4854: 4822: 4799:"氣象站各月份最低氣溫統計" 4790: 4758: 4735:"氣象站各月份最高氣溫統計" 4726: 4705:"Monthly Mean" 4696: 4665: 4634: 4604: 4578:New York Times 4558: 4524: 4487: 4464: 4462:, p. 173. 4452: 4434:New York Times 4419: 4407: 4395: 4369: 4357: 4355:, p. 369. 4345: 4333: 4331:, p. 817. 4321: 4309: 4297: 4293:Thomson (1996) 4285: 4283:, p. 132. 4281:Freeman (2003) 4273: 4271:, p. 658. 4261: 4249: 4227: 4215: 4203: 4201:, p. 164. 4191: 4179: 4167: 4150: 4121: 4050: 4024: 4009: 3975: 3968: 3938: 3923: 3903: 3901:, p. 168. 3891: 3882: 3844: 3807: 3772: 3757: 3736: 3735: 3733: 3730: 3728: 3725: 3724: 3723: 3718: 3713: 3707: 3706: 3703:Islands portal 3692: 3676: 3673: 3644: 3641: 3633:Cimei Township 3621:Penghu Airport 3616: 3613: 3601: 3598: 3568: 3565: 3564: 3563: 3558: 3551: 3549: 3543:City, Penghu, 3532: 3525: 3504:Mainland China 3437:Four-eyed Well 3433:Tianhou Temple 3429:Erdai Art Hall 3425:Central Street 3413: 3410: 3387:Executive Yuan 3376:Executive Yuan 3349: 3346: 3323: 3320: 3300: 3297: 3272: 3269: 3252: 3249: 3231: 3230: 3227: 3224: 3221: 3209: 3203: 3202: 3193: 3190: 3187: 3175: 3166: 3165: 3162: 3159: 3156: 3144: 3138: 3137: 3128: 3125: 3122: 3110: 3101: 3100: 3097: 3094: 3091: 3079: 3074: 3066: 3065: 3052: 3049: 3046: 3034: 3028: 3022: 3021: 3018: 3013: 3008: 3005: 3002: 2953:Main article: 2950: 2947: 2908:Main article: 2905: 2902: 2889: 2886: 2883: 2882: 2856: 2855: 2852: 2849: 2845: 2844: 2841: 2838: 2834: 2833: 2830: 2827: 2823: 2822: 2819: 2816: 2812: 2811: 2808: 2805: 2801: 2800: 2797: 2794: 2790: 2789: 2786: 2783: 2779: 2778: 2773: 2768: 2758: 2755: 2742: 2739: 2737: 2734: 2709:shield volcano 2689: 2686: 2682: 2681: 2677: 2676: 2673: 2670: 2667: 2664: 2661: 2658: 2655: 2652: 2649: 2646: 2643: 2640: 2637: 2635:sunshine hours 2630: 2629: 2626: 2623: 2620: 2617: 2614: 2611: 2608: 2605: 2602: 2599: 2596: 2593: 2590: 2582: 2581: 2578: 2575: 2572: 2569: 2566: 2563: 2560: 2557: 2554: 2551: 2548: 2545: 2542: 2535: 2534: 2529: 2524: 2519: 2514: 2509: 2504: 2499: 2494: 2489: 2484: 2479: 2474: 2469: 2461: 2460: 2455: 2450: 2445: 2440: 2435: 2430: 2425: 2420: 2415: 2410: 2405: 2400: 2395: 2391: 2390: 2385: 2380: 2375: 2370: 2365: 2360: 2355: 2350: 2345: 2340: 2335: 2330: 2325: 2321: 2320: 2315: 2310: 2305: 2300: 2295: 2290: 2285: 2280: 2275: 2270: 2265: 2260: 2255: 2251: 2250: 2245: 2240: 2235: 2230: 2225: 2220: 2215: 2210: 2205: 2200: 2195: 2190: 2185: 2181: 2180: 2175: 2170: 2165: 2160: 2155: 2150: 2145: 2140: 2135: 2130: 2125: 2120: 2115: 2111: 2110: 2107: 2104: 2101: 2098: 2095: 2092: 2089: 2086: 2083: 2080: 2077: 2074: 2071: 2067: 2066: 2060: 2039: 2036: 2024:Boeing 747-200 1946:Following the 1923: 1920: 1842:Main article: 1839: 1836: 1818:Amédée Courbet 1770: 1767: 1763:Fort Zeelandia 1708: 1705: 1696: 1655: 1652: 1610:from southern 1604: 1601: 1576:Penghu Channel 1556: 1553: 1551: 1548: 1392: 1389: 1365:Penghu Airport 1277:Penghu Channel 1102: 1101: 1098: 1097: 1094: 1093: 1090: 1089: 1081:Phînn-ôo-kuān 1077: 1071: 1070: 1058: 1049: 1048: 1042: 1041: 1034: 1028: 1027: 1021: 1020: 1010: 1004: 1003: 996: 990: 989: 982: 976: 975: 968: 962: 961: 958:Pʻêng-hu Hsien 954: 948: 947: 940: 934: 933: 926: 920: 919: 912: 906: 905: 899: 898: 897:Transcriptions 890: 889: 877: 871: 870: 866: 865: 862: 861: 849: 843: 842: 830: 821: 820: 814: 813: 803: 797: 796: 789: 783: 782: 775: 769: 768: 761: 755: 754: 747: 741: 740: 733: 727: 726: 719: 713: 712: 705: 699: 698: 692: 691: 690:Transcriptions 683: 682: 673: 667: 666: 662: 661: 658: 657: 645: 639: 638: 635:Phêⁿ-ô͘-kûn-tó 626: 617: 616: 610: 609: 599: 593: 592: 585: 579: 578: 571: 565: 564: 561:Pénghú Cyúndǎo 557: 551: 550: 543: 537: 536: 529: 523: 522: 513: 507: 506: 499: 493: 492: 486: 485: 484:Transcriptions 477: 476: 473: 467: 466: 457: 451: 450: 447: 446: 445:Penghu Islands 438: 437: 434: 433: 426:Chinese Banyan 423: 419: 418: 408: 404: 403: 400:Alauda gulgula 393: 389: 388: 385: 384: 380: 379: 376: 375: 368: 364: 363: 360: 354: 353: 343: 337: 336: 333: 329: 328: 323: 319: 318: 315: 311: 310: 306: 305: 300: 296: 295: 292: 288: 287: 283: 282: 272: 268: 267: 265: 264: 259: 253: 251: 247: 246: 242: 241: 238: 234: 233: 230: 226: 225: 220: 216: 215: 209: 203: 202: 189: 183: 182: 148: 147: 139: 138: 135: 134: 128: 122: 118: 112: 111: 110: 107: 106: 104:, Budai Harbor 95: 87: 86: 82: 81: 76: 73: 72: 69: 60: 58:Penghu Islands 57: 50: 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 6629: 6618: 6615: 6613: 6610: 6608: 6605: 6603: 6602:Penghu County 6600: 6599: 6597: 6583: 6579: 6573: 6568: 6564: 6560: 6556: 6554: 6550: 6544: 6541: 6539: 6538:Orchid Island 6536: 6535: 6533: 6531: 6527: 6523: 6522:Liuqiu Island 6519: 6517: 6513: 6507: 6504: 6502: 6499: 6497: 6494: 6492: 6489: 6487: 6484: 6482: 6479: 6478: 6476: 6474: 6470: 6464: 6461: 6459: 6456: 6454: 6451: 6449: 6446: 6445: 6443: 6441: 6437: 6431: 6428: 6426: 6423: 6421: 6418: 6416: 6413: 6411: 6408: 6406: 6403: 6402: 6400: 6398: 6394: 6389: 6378: 6374: 6370: 6367: 6366: 6364: 6362: 6358: 6354: 6350: 6346: 6339: 6334: 6332: 6327: 6325: 6320: 6319: 6316: 6288: 6283: 6282: 6278: 6277: 6273: 6269: 6265: 6259: 6255: 6246: 6241: 6231: 6228: 6226: 6223: 6221: 6218: 6216: 6213: 6211: 6208: 6206: 6203: 6201: 6198: 6196: 6193: 6191: 6188: 6186: 6183: 6181: 6178: 6176: 6173: 6171: 6168: 6167: 6165: 6163: 6159: 6154: 6148: 6145: 6143: 6140: 6138: 6135: 6134: 6132: 6130: 6126: 6121: 6118: 6111: 6109: 6104: 6102: 6100: 6095: 6094: 6093: 6092: 6086: 6081: 6076: 6070: 6067: 6065: 6062: 6060: 6057: 6055: 6052: 6050: 6047: 6044: 6043: 6039: 6038: 6036: 6031: 6027: 6021: 6018: 6016: 6013: 6011: 6008: 6007: 6004: 6000: 5993: 5988: 5986: 5981: 5979: 5974: 5973: 5970: 5964: 5963:OpenStreetMap 5960: 5951: 5948: 5947:Living Museum 5945: 5942: 5938: 5935: 5933: 5930: 5925: 5922: 5921: 5911: 5907: 5903: 5899: 5895: 5894: 5888: 5884: 5878: 5874: 5869: 5865: 5859: 5855: 5850: 5846: 5840: 5836: 5831: 5827: 5821: 5817: 5812: 5811: 5800: 5796: 5792: 5791: 5785: 5781: 5775: 5771: 5766: 5762: 5758: 5754: 5748: 5744: 5739: 5735: 5729: 5725: 5720: 5716: 5710: 5706: 5701: 5697: 5692: 5688: 5682: 5678: 5673: 5669: 5665: 5661: 5657: 5653: 5649: 5644: 5640: 5636: 5632: 5628: 5624: 5623: 5618: 5614: 5610: 5606: 5602: 5596: 5592: 5587: 5583: 5579: 5575: 5571: 5567: 5566: 5560: 5556: 5551: 5547: 5542: 5538: 5532: 5527: 5522: 5518: 5513: 5509: 5503: 5499: 5494: 5490: 5484: 5480: 5475: 5471: 5465: 5461: 5456: 5455: 5433: 5429: 5425: 5418: 5402: 5398: 5394: 5387: 5371: 5367: 5363: 5356: 5340: 5336: 5332: 5325: 5323: 5306: 5302: 5298: 5292: 5290: 5273: 5269: 5265: 5258: 5243:on 9 May 2015 5242: 5238: 5234: 5227: 5211: 5207: 5203: 5196: 5180: 5176: 5172: 5165: 5149: 5145: 5141: 5134: 5118: 5114: 5108: 5092: 5088: 5084: 5077: 5071: 5066: 5050: 5046: 5040: 5024: 5020: 5014: 4998: 4994: 4990: 4986: 4979: 4971: 4967: 4963: 4957: 4950: 4938: 4934: 4928: 4921: 4917: 4914: 4909: 4893: 4889: 4885: 4881: 4877: 4873: 4869: 4865: 4858: 4839: 4832: 4826: 4807: 4800: 4794: 4775: 4768: 4762: 4743: 4736: 4730: 4714: 4710: 4706: 4700: 4684: 4680: 4676: 4669: 4653: 4649: 4645: 4638: 4631: 4618: 4614: 4608: 4601: 4588: 4584: 4583:New York City 4580: 4579: 4573: 4568: 4562: 4555: 4550: 4546: 4542: 4538: 4534: 4528: 4521: 4519: 4518:terra nullius 4512: 4508: 4494: 4490: 4488:90-411-0929-3 4484: 4480: 4479: 4471: 4469: 4461: 4456: 4440: 4437:. p. 1. 4436: 4435: 4430: 4423: 4416: 4411: 4404: 4399: 4383: 4379: 4373: 4367:, p. 70. 4366: 4361: 4354: 4349: 4342: 4337: 4330: 4329:Wright (1908) 4325: 4319:, p. 70. 4318: 4317:Covell (1998) 4313: 4307:, p. 49. 4306: 4301: 4295:, p. 39. 4294: 4289: 4282: 4277: 4270: 4269:Cooper (1979) 4265: 4259:, p. 82. 4258: 4253: 4246: 4242: 4239: 4234: 4232: 4224: 4219: 4212: 4207: 4200: 4199:Thompson 1964 4195: 4188: 4183: 4176: 4171: 4165:, p. 86. 4164: 4159: 4157: 4155: 4138: 4134: 4128: 4126: 4118: 4116: 4109: 4105: 4100: 4095: 4091: 4087: 4083: 4079: 4075: 4071: 4070: 4065: 4063: 4054: 4038: 4034: 4028: 4020: 4013: 4006: 3994: 3990: 3986: 3979: 3971: 3965: 3961: 3957: 3953: 3947: 3945: 3943: 3935: 3930: 3928: 3920: 3919:957-15-0631-1 3916: 3910: 3908: 3900: 3895: 3886: 3879: 3878:jurisdiction. 3866: 3862: 3858: 3854: 3848: 3841: 3829: 3825: 3821: 3817: 3811: 3795: 3791: 3787: 3781: 3779: 3777: 3769: 3764: 3762: 3753: 3752: 3747: 3741: 3737: 3722: 3719: 3717: 3714: 3712: 3709: 3708: 3704: 3698: 3693: 3690: 3689:Taiwan portal 3679: 3672: 3670: 3666: 3662: 3658: 3654: 3650: 3649:Magong Harbor 3640: 3638: 3634: 3630: 3629:Qimei Airport 3626: 3622: 3610: 3609:Qimei Airport 3606: 3597: 3593: 3591: 3586: 3581: 3579: 3573: 3561: 3555: 3550: 3546: 3542: 3538: 3537: 3529: 3524: 3523: 3522: 3519: 3517: 3516:Matsu Islands 3513: 3509: 3505: 3500: 3498: 3494: 3490: 3486: 3485:Little Taiwan 3482: 3478: 3474: 3470: 3466: 3462: 3458: 3454: 3450: 3446: 3442: 3438: 3434: 3430: 3426: 3421: 3419: 3409: 3407: 3403: 3398: 3396: 3392: 3391:Huxi Township 3388: 3383: 3381: 3377: 3373: 3369: 3365: 3358: 3354: 3345: 3343: 3339: 3332: 3328: 3319: 3317: 3313: 3308: 3306: 3296: 3294: 3290: 3286: 3282: 3278: 3268: 3266: 3262: 3258: 3248: 3246: 3242: 3238: 3237:Baisha Island 3229:Western Isle 3228: 3225: 3222: 3218: 3215: 3210: 3208: 3205: 3204: 3194: 3191: 3188: 3184: 3181: 3176: 3174: 3168: 3167: 3163: 3160: 3157: 3153: 3150: 3145: 3143: 3140: 3139: 3129: 3126: 3123: 3119: 3116: 3111: 3109: 3103: 3102: 3098: 3095: 3092: 3088: 3085: 3080: 3078: 3075: 3073: 3067: 3057: 3053: 3050: 3047: 3043: 3040: 3035: 3032: 3029: 3027: 3023: 3019: 3017: 3014: 3012: 3009: 3006: 3003: 3000: 2999: 2996: 2994: 2990: 2986: 2982: 2978: 2974: 2970: 2961: 2956: 2946: 2944: 2940: 2936: 2927: 2920: 2916: 2911: 2901: 2899: 2895: 2871: 2867: 2863: 2857: 2853: 2850: 2847: 2846: 2842: 2839: 2836: 2835: 2831: 2828: 2825: 2824: 2820: 2817: 2814: 2813: 2809: 2806: 2803: 2802: 2798: 2795: 2792: 2791: 2787: 2784: 2781: 2780: 2774: 2769: 2766: 2765: 2754: 2752: 2748: 2732: 2731:Chuton Island 2727: 2725: 2721: 2717: 2714: 2710: 2706: 2698: 2694: 2678: 2674: 2671: 2668: 2665: 2662: 2659: 2656: 2653: 2650: 2647: 2644: 2641: 2638: 2636: 2633:Mean monthly 2631: 2627: 2624: 2621: 2618: 2615: 2612: 2609: 2606: 2603: 2600: 2597: 2594: 2591: 2588: 2583: 2579: 2576: 2573: 2570: 2567: 2564: 2561: 2558: 2555: 2552: 2549: 2546: 2543: 2536: 2530: 2525: 2520: 2515: 2510: 2505: 2500: 2495: 2490: 2485: 2480: 2475: 2470: 2467: 2466:precipitation 2462: 2456: 2451: 2446: 2441: 2436: 2431: 2426: 2421: 2416: 2411: 2406: 2401: 2396: 2392: 2386: 2381: 2376: 2371: 2366: 2361: 2356: 2351: 2346: 2341: 2336: 2331: 2326: 2322: 2316: 2311: 2306: 2301: 2296: 2291: 2286: 2281: 2276: 2271: 2266: 2261: 2256: 2252: 2246: 2241: 2236: 2231: 2226: 2221: 2216: 2211: 2206: 2201: 2196: 2191: 2186: 2182: 2176: 2171: 2166: 2161: 2156: 2151: 2146: 2141: 2136: 2131: 2126: 2121: 2116: 2112: 2068: 2063: 2059: 2057: 2053: 2049: 2045: 2035: 2033: 2029: 2025: 2021: 2016: 2014: 2010: 2008: 2004: 1998: 1996: 1992: 1987: 1982: 1980: 1976: 1972: 1968: 1964: 1963:Allied Powers 1960: 1956: 1953: 1949: 1944: 1942: 1937: 1928: 1919: 1917: 1912: 1910: 1906: 1902: 1898: 1894: 1889: 1887: 1883: 1879: 1874: 1870: 1867:and occupied 1866: 1862: 1854: 1850: 1845: 1835: 1833: 1829: 1828: 1823: 1819: 1815: 1811: 1806: 1804: 1800: 1796: 1792: 1788: 1784: 1775: 1766: 1764: 1759: 1755: 1751: 1747: 1742: 1740: 1736: 1732: 1728: 1724: 1720: 1714: 1701: 1695: 1687: 1685: 1684: 1679: 1675: 1673: 1669: 1665: 1664:Emperor Shizu 1661: 1651: 1649: 1648: 1644:In 1225, the 1642: 1637: 1632: 1621: 1617: 1616:Southern Song 1613: 1609: 1600: 1598: 1597:Austronesians 1594: 1590: 1585: 1577: 1573: 1569: 1565: 1561: 1547: 1543: 1488: 1483: 1479: 1475: 1470: 1468: 1464: 1460: 1456: 1452: 1447: 1445: 1441: 1437: 1433: 1429: 1423: 1418: 1414: 1410: 1406: 1402: 1398: 1388: 1386: 1382: 1378: 1374: 1370: 1369:Qimei Airport 1366: 1361: 1359: 1358:United States 1355: 1351: 1347: 1343: 1339: 1335: 1331: 1327: 1323: 1319: 1315: 1311: 1307: 1303: 1298: 1296: 1292: 1288: 1283: 1282:Penghu County 1278: 1274: 1270: 1269:Taiwan Strait 1266: 1262: 1258: 1254: 1250: 1246: 1243: 1239: 1238: 1226: 1196: 1187: 1181: 1179: 1167: 1155: 1143: 1131: 1119: 1114: 1109: 1095: 1086:Phênn-ôo-kuān 1084: 1078: 1076: 1072: 1065: 1062:Phîⁿ-ô͘-koān 1059: 1057: 1054: 1050: 1047: 1043: 1035: 1033: 1029: 1026: 1022: 1016: 1011: 1009: 1005: 997: 995: 991: 983: 981: 977: 969: 967: 963: 955: 953: 949: 941: 939: 935: 927: 925: 921: 913: 911: 907: 904: 900: 895: 891: 886: 883: 878: 876: 872: 869:Penghu County 867: 856: 850: 848: 844: 837: 831: 829: 826: 822: 819: 815: 809: 804: 802: 798: 790: 788: 784: 776: 774: 770: 762: 760: 756: 748: 746: 742: 734: 732: 728: 720: 718: 714: 706: 704: 700: 697: 693: 688: 684: 679: 674: 672: 668: 665:Penghu Island 663: 652: 646: 644: 640: 633: 627: 625: 622: 618: 615: 611: 605: 600: 598: 594: 586: 584: 580: 572: 570: 566: 558: 556: 552: 544: 542: 538: 530: 528: 524: 514: 512: 508: 503:Pénghú Qúndǎo 500: 498: 494: 491: 487: 482: 478: 474: 472: 468: 463: 458: 456: 452: 448: 443: 435: 431: 427: 424: 420: 416: 412: 409: 405: 401: 397: 396:Small Skylark 394: 390: 386: 381: 377: 373: 369: 365: 361: 359: 358:ISO 3166 code 355: 351: 347: 344: 342: 338: 334: 330: 327: 324: 320: 316: 312: 307: 304: 301: 297: 293: 289: 284: 280: 276: 275:Chen Kuang-fu 273: 269: 263: 260: 258: 255: 254: 252: 248: 243: 239: 235: 231: 227: 224: 221: 217: 214:(streamlined) 213: 210: 208: 204: 201: 190: 188: 184: 179: 151:Coordinates: 149: 145: 140: 136: 126: 116: 108: 103: 99: 93: 88: 85:Penghu County 83: 79: 74: 55: 49: 45: 41: 37: 33: 19: 18:Penghu County 6543:Green Island 6472: 6294:. Retrieved 6219: 6156: 6123: 6105: 6096: 6040: 5927:(in English) 5892: 5872: 5853: 5834: 5815: 5789: 5769: 5742: 5723: 5704: 5695: 5676: 5651: 5647: 5621: 5590: 5564: 5554: 5545: 5516: 5497: 5478: 5459: 5436:. Retrieved 5427: 5417: 5405:. Retrieved 5401:the original 5396: 5386: 5374:. Retrieved 5370:the original 5365: 5355: 5343:. Retrieved 5339:the original 5334: 5309:. Retrieved 5301:Taipei Times 5300: 5276:. Retrieved 5268:Taipei Times 5267: 5257: 5245:. Retrieved 5241:the original 5236: 5226: 5214:. Retrieved 5210:the original 5205: 5195: 5183:. Retrieved 5179:the original 5174: 5164: 5152:. Retrieved 5148:the original 5143: 5133: 5121:. Retrieved 5117:the original 5107: 5095:. Retrieved 5091:the original 5086: 5076: 5065: 5053:. Retrieved 5039: 5027:. Retrieved 5013: 5001:. Retrieved 4978: 4970:the original 4965: 4956: 4948: 4941:. Retrieved 4927: 4908: 4896:. Retrieved 4871: 4867: 4857: 4845:. Retrieved 4825: 4813:. Retrieved 4793: 4781:. Retrieved 4761: 4749:. Retrieved 4729: 4717:. Retrieved 4699: 4687:. Retrieved 4683:the original 4678: 4668: 4656:. Retrieved 4647: 4637: 4628: 4621:. Retrieved 4607: 4598: 4591:. Retrieved 4576: 4567:James Reston 4561: 4552: 4536: 4527: 4517: 4510: 4506: 4504: 4497:. Retrieved 4477: 4455: 4443:. Retrieved 4432: 4422: 4410: 4398: 4386:. Retrieved 4372: 4365:Wills (2010) 4360: 4353:Wills (1998) 4348: 4341:Wills (1998) 4336: 4324: 4312: 4300: 4288: 4276: 4264: 4252: 4218: 4206: 4194: 4189:, p. 6. 4182: 4170: 4163:Wills (2006) 4141:. Retrieved 4137:the original 4114: 4111: 4073: 4067: 4064:from Taiwan" 4061: 4053: 4041:. Retrieved 4036: 4033:"Pescadores" 4027: 4018: 4012: 4004: 3997:, retrieved 3993:the original 3989:《續修澎湖縣志‧地理志》 3988: 3978: 3959: 3936:, p. 6. 3894: 3885: 3876: 3869:. Retrieved 3856: 3847: 3839: 3832:. Retrieved 3819: 3810: 3798:. Retrieved 3749: 3740: 3646: 3618: 3594: 3582: 3574: 3570: 3535: 3520: 3501: 3481:Fenggui Cave 3422: 3415: 3402:desalination 3399: 3393:and five in 3384: 3361: 3335: 3309: 3302: 3274: 3254: 3234: 2966: 2939:Lai Feng-wei 2932: 2919:Lai Feng-wei 2891: 2874:. Retrieved 2870:the original 2744: 2736:Demographics 2702: 2468:mm (inches) 2041: 2017: 2011: 2002: 1999: 1994: 1983: 1975:Rikichi Andō 1945: 1933: 1913: 1901:World War II 1890: 1858: 1825: 1807: 1791:Qing dynasty 1780: 1769:Qing dynasty 1743: 1738: 1723:maritime ban 1716: 1707:Ming dynasty 1689: 1683:Daoyi Zhilüe 1681: 1676: 1667: 1660:Yuan dynasty 1657: 1654:Yuan dynasty 1645: 1643: 1606: 1603:Song dynasty 1586: 1558: 1477: 1471: 1466: 1458: 1450: 1448: 1443: 1440:Southern Min 1417:poet Lou Yue 1401:Song dynasty 1397:Tang dynasty 1394: 1362: 1342:World War II 1330:Dutch Empire 1326:Yuan dynasty 1302:Tang dynasty 1299: 1281: 1256: 1252: 1248: 1194: 1192: 1130:Dutch Empire 1108:Song dynasty 1106: 1082: 1067:Phêⁿ-ô͘-koān 1063: 1046:Southern Min 1038:Phàng-fù-yen 1000:Pénghú Shiàn 910:Hanyu Pinyin 854: 853:Phînn-ôo-tó 835: 818:Southern Min 751:Pʻêng-hu Tao 737:Pernghwu Dao 703:Hanyu Pinyin 650: 631: 614:Southern Min 497:Hanyu Pinyin 429: 414: 399: 229:Largest city 48: 6580:, (called 6083: [ 5654:: 163–204. 5526:10125/62865 5451:Works cited 5428:Taiwan News 5407:27 November 5376:27 November 5345:27 November 4898:7 September 4847:29 November 4815:29 November 4783:29 November 4751:29 November 4719:29 November 4658:11 February 4403:Loir (1886) 4388:2 September 4257:Wong (2017) 4143:22 December 4043:7 September 3999:11 February 3871:14 December 3834:14 December 3625:Magong City 3406:groundwater 3366:, a 140 MW 3312:sea urchins 3195:Hope Safe ( 3099:White Sand 3054:Originally 2985:Magong City 2741:Ethnicities 2716:interbedded 2013:Boat people 1765:on Taiwan. 1731:Mazu Temple 1700:Wang Dayuan 1678:Wang Dayuan 1634: [ 1627: 1170 1608:Han Chinese 1582: 2008 1564:Pleistocene 1420: [ 1415:. In 1171, 1383:landscape. 1324:during the 1275:across the 1261:archipelago 1168:(1895–1945) 1156:(1683–1895) 1144:(1661–1683) 1132:(1622–1624) 1115:(1281–1368) 1110:(1170–1279) 1032:Pha̍k-fa-sṳ 986:Pénghú Syàn 972:Pénghú Siàn 916:Pénghú Xiàn 858:Phênn-ôo-tó 834:Phîⁿ-ô͘-tó 223:Magong City 173: / 161:119°34′39″E 6596:Categories 6440:Lienchiang 6230:Lienchiang 6064:New Taipei 5185:7 November 4933:"Precinct" 4689:25 October 4547:. p. 4223:Knapp 1980 4187:Hsu (1980) 3985:"宋代對澎湖的認識" 3934:Knapp 1980 3857:ait.org.tw 3820:ait.org.tw 3800:24 January 3727:References 3536:Matsushima 3489:Whale Cave 3164:Lake West 2943:Kuomintang 2904:Government 2757:Population 2540:(≥ 0.1 mm) 1739:Pescadores 1733:that gave 1631:Wang Dayou 1591:at Guoye, 1555:Prehistory 1474:Portuguese 1432:Zhao Rukuo 1320:County of 952:Wade–Giles 839:Phêⁿ-ô͘-tó 793:Pénghú Dǎu 779:Pénghú Dǎu 765:Pénghú Dǎo 745:Wade–Giles 709:Pénghú Dǎo 541:Wade–Giles 309:Population 245:Government 158:23°34′03″N 70:Pescadores 6361:Kaohsiung 6258:townships 6245:Districts 6080:Provinces 6069:Kaohsiung 5799:13518413M 5761:24524224M 5247:2 January 5154:2 October 4993:2381-3652 4623:5 October 4499:5 October 4460:Tsai 2009 3732:Citations 3657:Kaohsiung 3637:Daily Air 3600:Transport 3585:ephedrine 3322:Education 3259:. In the 3072:townships 3011:Taiwanese 2971:and five 2720:sandstone 2032:Hong Kong 1899:. 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