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Pele (deity)

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36: 190: 371:. Pele came disguised as a beautiful stranger and was greeted by Poliʻahu. However, Pele became jealously enraged at the goddess of Mauna Kea. She opened the caverns of Mauna Kea and threw fire from them towards Poliʻahu, with the snow goddess fleeing towards the summit. Poliʻahu was finally able to grab her now-burning snow mantle and throw it over the mountain. Earthquakes shook the island as the snow mantle unfolded until it reached the fire fountains, chilling and hardening the lava. The rivers of lava were driven back to 2116: 455: 851: 411:, in a dream, sending Hiʻiaka to bring him to her in forty days or else she would punish them. When Hiʻiaka seeks out Lohiʻau, she discovers he is dead but she calls upon the power of the sorcery goddess Uli to revive him. As Hiʻiaka is on her journey, Pele grows impatient and sends a lava flow to Hōpoe's home before the forty days were up. When Hiʻiaka returns to 313:
crowning a wreath of kau-no'a. Pele feels sorry for her younger brother and picks him up again. Pele used the divining rod, Pa‘oa, to pick a new home. A group of chants tells of a pursuit by Namakaokahaʻi, who tears Pele apart. Her bones, KaiwioPele, form a hill on Kahikinui, while her spirit escaped to the island of Hawaiʻi.
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Legend told that Pele herself journeyed on her canoe from the island of Tahiti to Hawaiʻi. When on her journey, it was said she tried to create her fires on different islands, but her sister, Nāmaka, was chasing her, wanting to put an end to her. In the end, the two sisters fought each other and Pele
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is a currently active volcano that is located on the island of Hawaiʻi and is still being extensively studied. Many Hawaiians believe Kilauea to be inhabited by a "family of fire gods," one of the sisters being Pele who is believed to govern Kilauea and is responsible for controlling its lava flows.
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plant are considered sacred to Pele. Traditionally prayers and offerings to Pele were always made before eating the berries. The volcano crater was an active lava lake, which the natives feared was a sign that Pele was not pleased with the violation. Although wood carvings and thatched temples were
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with Lohiʻau, she saw Hōpoe covered in stone and knew Pele was behind this. Hiʻiaka spitefully embraced Lohiʻau in Pele's view, which further angered Pele, who then covered Lohiʻau with lava as well. The sisters saw that their anger led to the death of the two people who meant the most to them, so
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because of her sister Hiʻiaka, who is believed to be the first person to dance hula. As a result of Pele's significance in hula, there have been many hula dances and chants dedicated to her and her family. With hula being dedicated to Pele, the dance is often performed in a way that represents her
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In another version of the myth, Pele hears the beating of drums and chanting coming from Kauaʻi while she is sleeping and travels there in her spirit form. She disguises herself as a beautiful young woman and meets Lohiʻau in this way. After three days of making love together, Pele goes back to
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and with her brothers Kamohoaliʻi, Kane-milo-hai, Kane-apua, arriving at the islets above Hawaii. There Kane-milo-hai is left on Mokupapapa, just a reef, to build it up in fitness for human residence. On Nihoa, 800 feet above the ocean, Pele leaves Kane-apua after her visit to Lehua and after
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visitors center. The existing portrait of what looked like a blond Caucasian as the Hawaiian goddess had been criticized by many Native Hawaiians. Over 140 paintings were submitted, and finalists were displayed at sites within the park. The winner of the contest was artist
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was killed. With this happening, her body was destroyed but her spirit lives in Halemaʻumaʻu on Kilauea. They say, "Her body is the lava and steam that comes from the volcano. She can also change form, appearing as a white dog, old woman, or beautiful young woman."
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In another version, Pele comes from a land said to be "close to the clouds," with parents Kane-hoa-lani and Ka-hina-liʻi, and brothers Ka-moho-aliʻi and Kahuila-o-ka-lani. From her husband Wahieloa (also called Wahialoa) she has a daughter, Laka, and a son
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There are several traditional legends associated with Pele in Hawaiian mythology. In addition to being recognized as the goddess of volcanoes, Pele is also known for her power, passion, jealousy, and capriciousness. She has numerous siblings, including
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states that Pele herself occasionally warns locals of impending eruptions. Appearing in the form of either a beautiful young woman or an elderly woman with white hair, sometimes accompanied by a small white dog, and always dressed in a red
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descended into Halemaʻumaʻu after reciting a Christian prayer instead of the traditional Hawaiian one to Pele. As it was predicted, she survived and this story was often told by missionaries to show the superiority of their faith.
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from 1904 through 1921, he would often "pray" to Pele for the sake of the tourists. Park officials frowned upon his practices of tossing items, such as gin bottles (after drinking their contents), into the crater.
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Pele apologetically brought Lohiʻau back to life and let him decide whom he would choose. Unfortunately for Pele, Lohiʻau ended up choosing Hiʻiaka, yet Pele gave them both her blessing.
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In addition to her role as goddess of fire and her strong association with volcanoes, Pele is also regarded as the "goddess of the hula." She is a significant figure in the history of
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The sea floods the land, then recedes; this flooding is called Kai a Kahinalii ("The sea of Ka-hina-liʻi"), as Pele's connection to the sea was passed down from her mother Kahinalii.
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Myths about Pele encode dateable natural events. The chronology of Pele’s journey corresponds with the geological age of the Hawaiian islands.
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included an 11-page summary of the legends of Pele in his 1923 collection of Hawaiian legends, a reprint of which is available online from the
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In one version of the story, Pele is the daughter of Kanehoalani and Haumea in the mystical land of Kuaihelani, a floating free land like
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by tourists seeking Pele's forgiveness. It is believed Pele's Curse was invented in the mid-20th century to deter tourist depredation.
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Radebaugh, J.; et al. (2004). "Observations and temperatures of Io's Pele Patera from Cassini and Galileo spacecraft images".
1631: 1157:"Who is the goddess of Pele and how is she related to the origin of the Hawaiian Islands?" Oregon State University System website, 1520: 1215: 229:, the most famous being Hiʻiakaikapoliopele (Hiʻiaka in the bosom of Pele). They are usually considered to be the offspring of 1158: 1865: 1245: 1084: 1005: 399:. Her mother gave her an egg to take care of and it later hatches into a baby girl whom Pele names Hiʻiaka-i-ka-poli-o-pele ( 1889: 1199: 1182: 1074: 571: 434:
Belief in Pele continued after the old religion was officially abolished in 1819. In the summer of 1823 English missionary
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One myth tells that Poliʻahu had come from Mauna Kea with her friends to attend sled races down the grassy hills south of
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in the Bosom of Pele) or Hiʻiaka for short. She is her favorite sister and encouraged her to befriend the people of
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legend. The passerby is then obliged to warn others or suffer misfortune in the next eruption. Another legend,
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Pele shares features similar to other malignant deities inhabiting volcanoes, as in the case of the devil
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Pele shares features similar to other malignant deities inhabiting volcanoes, as in the case of the devil
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with little food, Ellis eagerly ate the wild berries he found growing there. The berries of the ʻōhelo
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toured the island to determine locations for mission stations. After a long journey to the volcano
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Both of the chants above were performed at Halemaʻumaʻu, where it is said Pele currently resides.
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Donald A. Swanson, "Hawaiian oral tradition describes 400 years of volcanic activity at Kilauea,"
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In different stories talking about the goddess Pele, she was born from the female spirit named
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and is notable for her contemporary presence and cultural influence as an enduring figure from
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briefly moved to Hawaii and sparked violent protests from locals after claiming their founder
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had a special competition for Pele paintings to replace one done in the early 20th century by
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http://volcano.oregonstate.edu/who-goddess-pele-and-how-she-related-origin-hawaiian-islands
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http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/cdm/compoundobject/collection/PacificStudies/id/1232/rec/18
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http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/cdm/compoundobject/collection/PacificStudies/id/1232/rec/18
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and a recurring figure in Hawaiian folklore, sometimes described as the consort of Pele
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The goddess of volcanoes and fire, creator of the Hawaiian Islands in Hawaiian religion
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Ahu-i-maiʻa-pa-kanaloa, brother, name translates to "banana bunch of Kanaloa's field"
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Schrempp, Gregory; Craig, Robert D. (1991). "Dictionary of Polynesian Mythology".
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in her right hand. The painting is now on display at the Kilauea Visitor Center.
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Several phenomena connected to volcanism have been named after her, including
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or Hiʻiaka-i-ka-pua-ʻena-ʻena, sister, spirit of the dance, lei maker, healer
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MP3 sample by native speaker Kaʻupena Wong: Legend of Pele, Goddess of Fire
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A journal of a tour around Hawai'i, the largest of the Sandwidch Islands
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easily destroyed, the volcano was a natural monument to the goddess.
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Voices of fire : reweaving the literary lei of Pele and Hi'iaka
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chants. The first published stories about Pele were written down by
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In one account of the Pele myths, she is banished from her home in
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Pele is considered to be a rival of the Hawaiian goddess of snow,
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http://pages.mtu.edu/~raman/papers2/SwansonKilaueaMythsJVGR08.pdf
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In 2006, one volcanologist suggested the battle between Pele and
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H. Arlo Nimmo. "Pele, Ancient Goddess of Contemporary Hawaii,"
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H. Arlo Nimmo. "Pele, Ancient Goddess of Contemporary Hawaii,"
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Sacred is the fountain covered with the lehua blossoms of Puna
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in her left hand, and an embryonic form of her sister goddess
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The foundation of Puna is crimson, covered in lehua blossoms.
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All About Hawaii: Thrum's Hawaiian Annual and Standard Guide
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Wahieloa, husband which she fathered sons Laka and Menehune
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Ethnografia y anales de la conquista de las Islas Canarias
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From Sword to Share; Or, A Fortune in Five Years at Hawaii
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Ethnografia y anales de la conquista de las Islas Canarias
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Tama-ehu, brother, god of salamanders and fire in Tahitian
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William Hyde Rice, preface by Edith J. K. Rice (1923).
1774: 1233: 977:"TuTu Pele: The Living Goddess of Hawaiʻi's Volcanoes" 474:(1809–1892) wrote a poem about the incident in 1892. 1924: 1639:
Press release on Volcano Art Center Gallery web site
1488: 280:intense personality and the movement of volcanoes. 1287:Hawaiian Folk Tales A Collection of Native Legends 1213:http://www.hulapreservation.org/hulatype.asp?ID=18 1129: 957:, god of volcanoes in the Lucumi/santeria religion 892:was inspired by geological events around 1500 AD. 1469: 836:as responsible for the eruptions of the volcano. 766: Mai ka Lua a‘u i hele mai nei, mai Kīlauea, 624:, a shark god and the keeper of the water of life 570:Pele is among the gods and goddesses depicted in 268:as responsible for the eruptions of the volcano. 2458: 1519:Cart, Julie; Times, Los Angeles (17 May 2001). 1407:Ha'ena : through the eyes of the ancestors 1371: 1268:. London, England: W.H. Allen and Co. pp.  618:Ka-maiau, war god, relative to Pele and Hiʻiaka 1120:(Honolulu: University of Hawaiʻi Press, 1970). 781: From the crater I’ve come, from Kīlauea, 509:ran a hotel at the rim of Kīlauea, called the 420:Hawaiʻi and Lohiʻau dies from a broken heart. 1910: 1853: 1812: 1748: 1632:"Visions of Pele, the Hawaiian Volcano Deity" 1442: 1328: 993: 382: 1603: 1498:. Vol. 8. Macmillan. pp. 261–263. 673:, the spirit of lava fountains (a hunchback) 391:for creating hot spots by her older sister, 1697:Pele, Volcano Goddess of Hawai'i: A History 1404: 1229: 1227: 1076:Pele, Volcano Goddess of Hawai'i: A History 997:Pele, Volcano Goddess of Hawai'i: A History 974: 1917: 1903: 1495:The life and works of Alfred Lord Tennyson 1058:. Coffee Times, retrieved on 8 April 2018. 34: 1854:Piccardi, Luigi; Masse, W. Bruce (2007). 1818: 1518: 783:The women of the caldera have strung leis 1438: 1436: 1434: 1285:"Pele and the Deluge," Access Genealogy 1224: 1014: 854:Pele's hair, a volcanic glass in strands 849: 711: Lapakū ka wahine a‘o Pele i Kahiki 453: 188: 768:Ke kui ‘ia maila e nā wāhine o ka Lua ē 2459: 1463: 590:Pele's other prominent relatives are: 430:Arthur Johnsen § The Goddess Pele 129: 1898: 1885:Mythical Realm: Pele, Goddess of Fire 1770: 1768: 1742: 1693: 1564: 1431: 1324: 1322: 1320: 1318: 1316: 1314: 1312: 1310: 1291:, 1907, Retrieved on 24 October 2012. 1123: 1101:Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal 1072: 1068: 1066: 1064: 832:and was considered by the aboriginal 643:, spirit of the thunder (a hunchback) 1020: 987: 760: 740:May profound reverence alight indeed 738:Continuously flashing in the heavens 734:Continuously flashing in the heavens 705: 347: 283: 1749:Sam Tabachnik (11 September 2020). 1538: 1478:. Thomas G. Thrum, Honolulu: 40–53. 870:(Pele's seaweed). A volcano on the 627:Kane-ʻapua, demigod younger brother 193:According to legend, Pele lives in 13: 2114: 1765: 1307: 1061: 615:, mother and takes different forms 292:. Kuaihelani was in the region of 14: 2498: 1878: 1304:. Boston, G.H. Ellis Press, 1916. 1262:Nicholson, Henry Whalley (1881). 1168:, N/A, retrieved on 9 April 2018. 694:, enemy from Polynesian Mythology 572:Walt Disney's Enchanted Tiki Room 524:'s Special Publications section. 264:and considered by the aboriginal 2290:1955 Hawaiian submarine eruption 1860:. Geological Society of London. 1667:"Fresh face put on volcano park" 1331:The Journal of American Folklore 772:I ‘ula i ka papa ka lehua o Puna 461:defying the volcano goddess Pele 316: 154:('Pele of the sacred land') and 2386:Hawaiian–Emperor seamount chain 2381:Hawaiʻi Volcanoes National Park 2371:Evolution of Hawaiian volcanoes 1847: 1801: 1775:Hoomanawanui, kuualoha (2014). 1730:Arthur Johnsen Gallery web site 1718: 1687: 1659: 1624: 1597: 1512: 1492:(1899). Hallam Tennyson (ed.). 1482: 1398: 1365: 1294: 1279: 1254: 1234:Martha Warren Beckwith (1940). 1205: 1198:vol. 9, no. 2 (1986): 158-159. 1188: 1181:vol. 9, no. 2 (1986): 158-159. 1171: 1151: 649:, father and division with fire 423: 203:Hawaiʻi Volcanoes National Park 1604:Rod Thompson (July 13, 2003). 1274:Behold, it bursts on Kanaloa!. 1140: 1110: 1093: 1042: 1023:"Madame Pele's Grip on Hawaii" 968: 770:‘O Puna lehua ‘ula i ka papa 744:To the crater at Halema‘uma‘u. 732: Pele is active in Tahiti 537:Hawaii Volcanoes National Park 339:Behold, it bursts on Kanaloa! 1: 1641:. August 2003. Archived from 1302:Hawaiian legends of volcanoes 1133:Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes 1073:Nimmo, H. Arlo (2011-10-14). 961: 839: 807: 742:Rumbling, puffing, Pele comes 736:May profound reverence alight 679:, spirit of the rain and fire 225:, and numerous sisters named 45: 28:Goddess of Volcanoes and Fire 2396:Hawaiian Volcano Observatory 1841:10.1016/j.icarus.2003.10.019 1202:. Retrieved on 6 April 2018. 1185:. Retrieved on 9 April 2018. 585: 158:('The earth-eating woman'). 7: 1130:William Westervelt (1999). 951:, ancient Roman god of fire 895: 721:‘Uhī a ‘uhā mai ana ‘o Pele 10: 2503: 2310:2022 eruption of Mauna Loa 2300:1984 eruption of Mauna Loa 2295:1975 eruption of Mauna Loa 1470:Penrose C. Morris (1920). 1107:. Retrieved on 6-Apr-2018. 1021:Wong, Alia (11 May 2018). 1000:. McFarland. p. 208. 975:'Iolana, Patricia (2006). 843: 427: 383:Pele, Hiʻiaka, and Lohiʻau 360:. The kapa-maker lives on 184: 2358: 2280: 2190: 2125: 2112: 2101:North Arch volcanic field 1949:South Arch volcanic field 1937: 1726:"Arthur Johnsen: Painter" 828:), living on the volcano 764: 723:I ka lua a‘o Halema‘uma‘u 709: 701: 335:O the sea, the great sea! 237:at the summit caldera of 92: 78: 73: 65: 55: 33: 26: 21: 2305:2018 lower Puna eruption 1584:Bernice P. Bishop Museum 1372:Varez, Dietrich (1991). 1116:Martha Warren Beckwith, 1049:"Pele – Goddess of Fire" 661:, a goddess of fertility 522:Bernice P. Bishop Museum 467:High Chiefess Kapiʻolani 330:) and her brothers say: 260:, living on the volcano 2441:Puna Geothermal Venture 2376:Haleakalā National Park 1694:Nimmo, H. Arlo (2011). 1672:The Honolulu Advertiser 1376:. Bishop Museum Press. 717:‘Oaka e ka lani noke nō 713:‘Oaka e ka lani noke nō 169:, or Earth Mother, and 150:of the goddess include 2182:Pearl and Hermes Atoll 2119: 1611:Honolulu Star-Bulletin 1443:William Ellis (1823). 1374:Pele, the fire goddess 994:H. Arlo Nimmo (2011). 855: 779: 730: 667:, spirit of explosions 462: 342: 206: 2137:French Frigate Shoals 2118: 1558:National Park Service 1103:176 (2008): 427-431. 919:, goddess of fire in 853: 500:National Park Service 472:Alfred, Lord Tennyson 465:In December 1824 the 457: 446:Vaccinium reticulatum 337:Forth bursts the sea: 332: 243:Big Island of Hawaiʻi 192: 2069:East Molokai Volcano 2064:West Molokai Volcano 1490:Alfred Lord Tennyson 559:The religious group 492:vanishing hitchhiker 2416:Mauna Loa eruptions 2315:Keanakakoi eruption 1833:2004Icar..169...65R 1550:Hawaii Nature Notes 1546:"The Volcano House" 1240:. Forgotten Books. 578:. She is voiced by 533:D. Howard Hitchcock 156:Ka wahine ʻai honua 42:D. Howard Hitchcock 2472:Hawaiian goddesses 2120: 1926:Hawaiian volcanism 1573:"Hawaiian Legends" 1300:W. D. Westervelt, 1237:Hawaiian Mythology 1218:2021-04-11 at the 1164:2021-04-21 at the 1118:Hawaiian Mythology 1054:2017-03-26 at the 856: 671:Ke-ō-ahi-kama-kaua 665:Ka-poho-i-kahi-ola 633:, a shapeshifting 601:Haumea (mythology) 529:Volcano Art Center 463: 207: 165:, a descendant of 140:Hawaiian mythology 2487:Volcano goddesses 2467:Creator goddesses 2454: 2453: 2401:Kīlauea eruptions 2391:Hawaiian eruption 2320:ʻAilāʻau eruption 2281:Notable eruptions 2142:Gardner Pinnacles 1867:978-1-86239-216-8 1675:. August 16, 2003 1405:Andrade, Carlos. 1247:978-1-60506-957-9 1086:978-0-7864-8653-3 1007:978-0-7864-6347-3 909:, god of fire in 818:Guanche Mythology 802: 801: 759: 758: 655:, a mortal sister 594:Ai-kanaka, friend 535:displayed in the 518:William Hyde Rice 505:When businessman 488:Resurrection Mary 348:Pele and Poliʻahu 284:Expulsion version 254:Guanche Mythology 122:Hawaiian religion 118: 117: 2494: 2157:Lisianski Island 2117: 1954:Kamaʻehuakanaloa 1919: 1912: 1905: 1896: 1895: 1872: 1871: 1857:Myth and Geology 1851: 1845: 1844: 1816: 1810: 1805: 1799: 1798: 1772: 1763: 1762: 1760: 1758: 1746: 1740: 1739: 1737: 1736: 1722: 1716: 1715: 1691: 1685: 1684: 1682: 1680: 1663: 1657: 1656: 1654: 1653: 1647: 1636: 1628: 1622: 1621: 1619: 1618: 1601: 1595: 1594: 1592: 1591: 1577: 1568: 1562: 1561: 1542: 1536: 1535: 1533: 1531: 1516: 1510: 1509: 1486: 1480: 1479: 1467: 1461: 1460: 1440: 1429: 1428: 1402: 1396: 1395: 1369: 1363: 1362: 1326: 1305: 1298: 1292: 1283: 1277: 1276: 1258: 1252: 1251: 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Retrieved 1028:The Atlantic 1026: 1016: 996: 989: 980: 970: 887: 884: 864:Pele's tears 857: 846:Geomythology 811: 803: 780: 765: 731: 710: 589: 576:Disney Parks 569: 561:Love Has Won 558: 549: 527:In 2003 the 526: 516: 504: 496:Pele's Curse 479:urban legend 476: 464: 443: 433: 424:Modern times 418: 386: 366: 351: 343: 334: 320: 297: 290:Fata Morgana 287: 274: 270: 247: 235:Halemaʻumaʻu 215:Kāne Milohai 208: 195:Halemaʻumaʻu 160: 155: 151: 128:(pronounced 125: 119: 113:Kāne Milohai 60:Halemaʻumaʻu 2431:Pele's hair 2411:Limu o Pele 2366:ʻAʻā (lava) 2335:Kīlauea Iki 1973:Kīlauea Iki 1757:3 September 1472:"Kapiolani" 931:earthquakes 868:Limu o Pele 860:Pele's hair 641:Kane-Hekili 580:Ginny Tyler 567:was Pele. 565:Amy Carlson 397:Kamohoaliʻi 219:Kamohoaliʻi 87:Ku-waha-ilo 49: 1929 2461:Categories 2147:Kure Atoll 2012:Kahoʻolawe 1735:2010-04-28 1679:August 28, 1652:2010-01-08 1617:2010-01-08 1590:2010-01-08 1586:, Honolulu 1580:Bulletin 3 1383:0930897528 962:References 840:In geology 808:Other data 459:Kapiʻolani 428:See also: 328:Kahoʻolawe 109:Kamohoalii 2350:Puʻu ʻŌʻō 2340:Mauna Ulu 2283:and vents 2212:Daikakuji 2194:Seamounts 2162:Maro Reef 2049:West Maui 2044:Haleakalā 2001:Mauna Kea 1991:Mauna Loa 1985:Mauna Ulu 1981:Puʻu ʻŌʻō 1795:913842694 1702:McFarland 1425:986668949 1351:0021-8715 935:volcanoes 929:, god of 631:Kamapuaʻa 613:Hina-alii 586:Relatives 373:Mauna Loa 358:Mauna Kea 74:Genealogy 2106:Waiʻanae 2086:Honolulu 2054:Molokaʻi 1996:Hualālai 1959:Māhukona 1939:Windward 1928:topics ( 1530:29 April 1392:25687609 1216:Archived 1162:Archived 1052:Archived 927:Rūaumoko 907:Ti'iti'i 896:See also 834:Guanches 653:Kaʻōhelo 362:Hualalai 354:Poliʻahu 324:Menehune 304:, a sea 266:Guanches 175:Hawaiian 148:Epithets 93:Siblings 40:Pele by 2272:Yuryaku 2252:Nintoku 2222:Hancock 2217:Detroit 2207:Colahan 2192:Emperor 2127:Leeward 2096:Koʻolau 2075:Niʻihau 1969:Kīlauea 1964:Hawaiʻi 1829:Bibcode 1560:. 1953. 939:seasons 917:Mahuika 890:Hiʻiaka 814:Guayota 789:  774:  746:  725:  692:Ulupoka 607:Hiʻiaka 574:at the 554:Hiʻiaka 440:Kīlauea 413:Hawaiʻi 401:Hiʻiaka 377:Kīlauea 369:Hamakua 310:Hiʻiaka 306:goddess 256:in the 250:Guayota 239:Kīlauea 227:Hiʻiaka 210:Kīlauea 199:Kīlauea 185:Legends 97:Hiʻiaka 79:Parents 2359:Topics 2237:Kimmei 2202:Abbott 2152:Laysan 2091:Kaʻena 2033:Lānaʻi 2026:Kaʻula 2019:Kauaʻi 2006:Kohala 1864:  1821:Icarus 1793:  1783:  1708:  1525:SFGate 1502:  1453:  1423:  1413:  1390:  1380:  1359:541247 1357:  1349:  1244:  1083:  1034:11 May 1004:  955:Aganju 949:Vulcan 872:Jovian 866:, and 702:Chants 683:Nāmaka 484:muumuu 409:Kauaʻi 389:Tahiti 294:Kahiki 231:Haumea 223:Nāmaka 163:Haumea 101:Nāmaka 83:Haumea 66:Symbol 2267:Yomei 2262:Suiko 2247:Meiji 2232:Kammu 2227:Jingū 2177:Nihoa 2129:Isles 2081:Oʻahu 1941:Isles 1646:(PDF) 1635:(PDF) 1576:(PDF) 1556:(2). 1355:JSTOR 874:moon 830:Teide 826:Spain 635:kupua 550:Pāʻoa 262:Teide 171:Wakea 56:Abode 2257:Ojin 2242:Koko 2039:Maui 1930:list 1862:ISBN 1791:OCLC 1781:ISBN 1759:2022 1706:ISBN 1681:2018 1532:2019 1500:ISBN 1451:ISBN 1421:OCLC 1411:ISBN 1388:OCLC 1378:ISBN 1347:ISSN 1242:ISBN 1081:ISBN 1036:2018 1002:ISBN 937:and 880:Pele 659:Kapo 546:Puna 405:Puna 375:and 277:hula 167:Papa 126:Pele 105:Kapo 22:Pele 1837:doi 1825:169 1339:doi 1335:104 941:in 820:in 816:of 544:of 490:or 477:An 252:of 201:in 197:of 120:In 2463:: 1983:, 1979:, 1975:, 1835:. 1823:. 1789:. 1779:. 1767:^ 1728:. 1700:. 1669:. 1637:. 1608:. 1582:. 1578:. 1552:. 1548:. 1523:. 1474:. 1433:^ 1419:. 1409:. 1386:. 1353:. 1345:. 1333:. 1309:^ 1272:. 1270:39 1226:^ 1063:^ 1025:. 979:. 933:, 882:. 876:Io 862:, 796:— 753:— 582:. 364:. 245:. 221:, 217:, 181:. 146:. 124:, 46:c. 44:, 1987:) 1971:( 1932:) 1918:e 1911:t 1904:v 1870:. 1843:. 1839:: 1831:: 1797:. 1761:. 1738:. 1714:. 1683:. 1655:. 1620:. 1593:. 1554:5 1534:. 1508:. 1459:. 1427:. 1394:. 1361:. 1341:: 1250:. 1089:. 1038:. 1010:. 983:. 945:. 923:. 913:. 824:( 448:) 444:( 296:( 205:.

Index


D. Howard Hitchcock
Halemaʻumaʻu
Haumea
Ku-waha-ilo
Hiʻiaka
Nāmaka
Kapo
Kamohoalii
Kāne Milohai
Hawaiian religion
[ˈpɛlɛ]
Hawaiian Islands
Hawaiian mythology
ancient Hawaii
Epithets
Haumea
Papa
Wakea
Hawaiian
William Ellis

Halemaʻumaʻu
Kīlauea
Hawaiʻi Volcanoes National Park
Kīlauea
Kāne Milohai
Kamohoaliʻi
Nāmaka
Hiʻiaka

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