Pegasus (spyware) - Knowledge

1033:, was infected with Pegasus. Timchenko received a notification about a state-sponsored attack against her device from Apple, with experts from Citizen Lab and Access Now subsequently confirming that the device had indeed been compromised with Pegasus, with the attacker having gained full access to the device. The attack occurred the day before a conference of exiled independent Russian media in Berlin which Timchenko attended; her phone could have been used to evesdrop on the journalists' conversations during the conference. This attack is the first confirmed instance of Pegasus being used against a Russian journalist. It is unclear which state carried out the attack: a European intelligence agency have also sought to surveil prominent Russian expatriates, and while NSO Group does not export Pegasus to Russia, a third country could also have carried out the attack on Russia's behest. Timchenko was in Germany during the attack but had a phone with a Latvian sim card. 702:, a prominent Salvadoran news outlet, revealed that a majority of its staff had their phones infiltrated using Pegasus. The targeting was uncovered in an investigation conducted by Citizen Lab, and Access Now; the investigation revealed that the journalists of another 13 Salvadoran news organisations were targeted as well. Between July 2020 and November 2021, Pegasus was deployed on the phones of 22 employees of El Faro, including reporters, editors, and other staff. At the time of the targeting, the El Faro was looking into governmental corruption scandals, and the government's clandestine dealings with the country's gangs. The Salvadoran government denied responsibility for the espionage, and NSO Group declined to reveal whether the Salvadoran government was a client. 1076:(who took office in 2018) had pledged to halt the use of the spyware by Mexican authorities, nonetheless, reports of use and abuse of Pegasus have continued throughout his presidency (including an opposition politician). After federal police and intelligence agency reforms by the Obrador government, the Mexican military became the sole Pegasus user in 2019. The Mexican armed forces have been a prolific user of Pegasus. The Mexican armed forces have taken on an ever more prominent role during Obrador's presidency, and may have grown into an independent power center capable of autonomously spying on civilian detractors and critics, with the government powerless to reign in its abuses. The military went so far as to target 1592:. A total of 63 victims was identified, with targets including elected officials (including high-ranking ones) and civil society members (including activists, journalists, lawyers, and computer scientists). The true extent of the targeting was potentially far larger as Android devices are far more common in Spain while CitizenLab tools are specialised to uncover infiltration of Apple devices. Citizen Lab did not attribute the responsibility for the attacks to any perpetrators, but did note that circumstantial evidence strongly suggests the attacks were perpetrated by the Spanish Government. On May 5, 2022, the Spanish Defense Minister admitted to surveillance of 20 people involved in the Catalan independence movement. 1512:. Four anoymous sources from SIS have revealed to the daily newspaper Denník N that Pegasus has moved from testing phase to full operation in September 2024. The presence of "New systems that allow to hack into phones" has also been confirmed by the opposition politician and former chairman of the National Assembly Committee for Defence and Security Juraj Krúpa (SaS party) who warned that SIS had its powers expanded and can now spy on citizens without the need for court approval. The SIS has refused to either confirm or deny these accusations, citing state secrecy. The members of government denied the information of Denník N. Interior Minister Matúš Šutaj Eštok ( 619:. Bahrain reportedly acquired access to spyware in 2017. As per the report, the mobile phones of a total of nine rights activists were "successfully hacked" between June 2020 and February 2021. Those hacked included three members of Waad, three of the BCHR, one of Al Wefaq, and two of the exiled dissidents who reside in London. The Citizen Lab attributed "with high confidence" that a Pegasus operator, LULU, was used by the Bahraini government to breach the phones of at least four of the nine activists. 942:, announced that he would be forming a commission of inquiry, to be chaired by a retired judge. Bar-Lev stressed that this commission will essentially be granted all the powers of a state commission (whose formation requires full cabinet support), including having the authority to subpoena witnesses, "regardless of seniority," whose testimony may be used in future prosecutions. Despite this, calls for a state commission persisted from several ex-ministry heads who were targeted. The next day, the 895:

disputed. The police had allegedly targeted civilians not suspected of any crime, including organisers of antigovernmental protesters, mayors, anti-LGBT parade activists, employees of government-owned companies, an associate of a senior politician, and former government employees. In one case, it was alleged that police targeted an activist who was not suspected of a crime, allegedly to gather information about the activist's extra-marital affairs and use it as leverage.

1688:

to states that would use the tool against Russia so as not to damage relations with Russia. In August 2021, at a time when Russian troops were amassing on the Ukrainian border, Israel again rebuffed a request from a Ukrainian delegation asking to obtain Pegasus; according to a Ukrainian official familiar with the matter, Pegasus could have provided critical support in Ukraine's effort to monitor Russian military activity. In the wake of the

2304: 626:. The prominent activist's phone was hacked at least eight times between August and November 2019. As per the Citizen Lab, following the hacking attempt, al-Saegh faced incidents where she was harassed by the Bahrain authorities. It included being summoned to a police station, interrogation, rape threats, and physical and sexual assault. The attack left the rights defender in a state of "daily fear and terror". 8560: 646:

al-Jamri were connected to Bahrain. Yusuf al-Jamri fled to the UK with his family in 2017, after facing multiple detentions, and episodes of interrogation, torture, sexual assault, and rape threats. Experts claimed that he was hacked days after posting tweets about Moosa Mohammed, the Bahraini activist who protested the executions in Bahrain and climbed to the roof of the country's embassy in London.

2124:. Evidence was found that many phones with numbers in the list had been targets of Pegasus spyware. However, The CEO of NSO Group categorically claimed that the list in question is unrelated to them, the source of the allegations can't be verified as reliable one. "This is an attempt to build something on a crazy lack of information... There is something fundamentally wrong with this investigation". 781:, head of a parliamentary defense and law enforcement committee, was the first Hungarian senior official who acknowledged that the country's Interior Ministry purchased and used Pegasus. Kósa admitted that Hungary had indeed purchased and used Pegasus, stating "I don't see anything objectionable in it large tech companies carry out much broader monitoring of citizens than the Hungarian state does." 1054:, Mexico has been "the first and most prolific user of Pegasus". Mexico was the first country to purchase Pegasus, seeing it as a novel tool in the country's struggle against drug cartels. Mexican authorities also sought to cultivate autonomous intelligence capabilities, having hitherto been highly reliant on the United States for intelligence gathering capabilities. 1990:. Jendoubi was targeted while he was examining possible war crimes in Yemen. Jendoubi's mobile number was also found in the leaked database of the Pegasus Project. According to the data, Jendoubi was one of the potential targets of one of NSO Group's long-time clients, Saudi Arabia. However, NSO spokesperson denied Kamel Jendoubi as any of its client's targets. 1125:

about the same time, his phone number was selected as a possible target for Pegasus surveillance by a Mexican Pegasus client. Pegasus spyware may have been used to ascertain Brito's location to carry out the hit by geolocating his phone; the deployment of Pegasus on his phone could however not be confirmed as his phone disappeared from the scene of the murder.

583:

National Security Service and current chairman of the center-right Homeland Party. The local experts suspected that they were targeted either by the government of Armenia or Azerbaijan, or perhaps both. Papyan said that NSO group appears to be jailbreaking a phone and provides interface for viewing the obtained data. Minister of high-tech industry

1403:'s family. The wife of Jamal Khashoggi, Hanan Elatr, intended to sue the NSO Group, alleging that she was targeted with Pegasus spyware. She also prepared a lawsuit in the US against the governments of Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates for their involvement in the attempts to install the software on her mobile phone. Elatr was arrested in 1814:), a personal assistant and two members of her security team in the summer of 2020. The court ruled that the agents acted "with the express or implied authority" of the sheikh; he denied knowledge of the hacking. The judgment referred to the hacking as "serial breaches of (UK) domestic criminal law", "in violation of fundamental common law and 1210:

Netanyahu. In 2012, NSO systems were installed in Panama City. The equipment was subsequently widely used for illicit domestic and foreign spying, including for spying on political opponents, magistrates, union leaders, and business competitors, with Martinelli allegedly going so far as to order the surveillance of his mistress using Pegasus.

899:

information claiming it would expose intelligence assets. While the Israeli Police formally denied the allegations in the report, some senior police officials have hinted that the claims were true. The report led to the announcement of a number of parallel investigations into the police's conduct, with some officials demanding a

1944:; ultimately the FBI decided against using NSO spyware. However, despite the 2021 decision rejecting use of NSO software, Pegasus equipment is still in the FBI's possession at a New Jersey facility. Responding to the reports, FBI officials played down the domestic surveillance aspect of the Pegasus testing, instead stressing 711:

official approached the Israeli defense agencies and revealed that Russia had learned of Estonia's intentions to obtain Pegasus, Israel decided to disallow Estonia from using Pegasus against any Russian phone number (following a heated debate among Israeli officials) so as to avoid damaging Israeli relations with Russia.

1457:. Hubbard was possibly targeted for writing the book about the Crown Prince, and for his involvement in revealing the UAE's hacking and surveillance attempt of Project Raven. Saudis attempted to peek into Hubbard's personal information twice in 2018, one through a suspicious text message and the other through an Arabic 346:— that is, they can run without any interaction from the victim. Once installed, Pegasus has been reported to be able to run arbitrary code, extract contacts, call logs, messages, photos, web browsing history, settings, as well as gather information from apps including but not limited to communications apps 1768:

and her legal team as well. Haigh had been exchanging videos and text messages in secret for more than a year and a half with Princess Latifa through a phone that had been smuggled into the Dubai villa where she was being held. She stopped responding on July 21, 2020, according to a screenshot of the

1608:

had been targeted by Pegasus in May 2021. Prime Minister Sanchez's device was infected twice, and Robles' device was infected once. A total of over 2.7GB of data was exfiltrated from the PM device, while only 9MB of data was extracted from the Defense Minister's device. The espionage is, as of today,

1242:

were hacked by Pegasus spyware, raising alarming questions about the Polish government's use of the software. A lawyer representing Polish opposition groups and a prosecutor involved in a case against the ruling Law and Justice party were also compromised. A subsequent investigation by the prosecutor

1124:

Cecilio Pineda Birto, a Mexican freelance journalist was assassinated by hitmen while resting in a hammock by a carwash. Brito had been reporting on the ties between local politicians and criminal organizations, and had received anonymous death threats during the weeks preceding the assassination; at

814:

Independent digital forensic analysis conducted on 10 Indian phones whose numbers were present in the data showed signs of either an attempted or successful Pegasus hack. The results of the forensic analysis threw up shows sequential correlations between the time and date a phone number is entered in

753:

Pegasus is in use by German Federal Criminal Police Office (BKA). BKA acquired Pegasus in 2019 with "utmost secrecy", despite hesitations from its legal council. The use of Pegasus by BKA was later revealed by German media. Sources from Germany's security services have told journalists that Germany's

645:

In December 2022, an exiled Bahraini activist, Yusuf al-Jamri filed a lawsuit against the Bahraini government and the NSO Group, alleging his phone was hacked using the Pegasus spyware in August 2019. The hacking was confirmed by the Citizen Lab researchers, who claimed that the servers that targeted

582:

About twenty Armenian citizens were spied on via Pegasus spyware. Media expert Arthur Papyan said it targeted the key figures of the opposition and the government – current and past government employees who knew valuable state secrets and have political influence, including the former director of the

550:

Due to the covert nature of its installation, Pegasus was previously only able to be detected via digital forensics. On January 16, 2024, Kaspersky Labs announced in a press release a new method of detecting the spyware for iOS devices that involved inspecting the shutdown.log file, which logs reboot

2282:

announced that it has filed a lawsuit against Israeli cyber company NSO Group and its parent company OSY Technologies for allegedly surveillance and targeting iPhone users with its Pegasus spyware. Apple stated that contrary to NSO's claim of targeting terrorists and criminals, this spyware has also

2261:

Inc.’s WhatsApp filed a lawsuit against Israel's NSO Group for exploiting a bug in its WhatsApp messaging app to install spyware (Pegasus) that allowed the surveillance of 1400 people in 20 countries, including journalists, human rights activists, political dissidents and diplomats. WhatsApp said it

2239:

commented that the reward offered in Apple's bug-bounty program maxes out at $ 200,000, "just a fraction of the millions that are regularly spent for iOS exploits on the black market". He goes on to ask why Apple doesn't "spend its way out of security vulnerabilities?", but also writes that "as soon

1910:

In July 2021, it was revealed that the phone numbers of about a dozen U.S. citizens – including diplomats, journalists, aid workers, and dissident expatriates – were on a list of prospective targets for Pegasus infiltration, however, it was not known whether an attack was ever attempted or completed

1391:

investigation concluded that Pegasus software played a role in the Khashoggi's murder, with a friend of Khashoggi stating in a filing that Saudi authorities had used the Israeli-made software to spy on the dissident. NSO CEO Shalev Hulio stated that the company had not been involved in the "terrible

1381:

just before his murder. Citizen Lab's October report stated with high confidence that NSO's Pegasus had been placed on the iPhone of Saudi dissident Omar Abdulaziz, one of Khashoggi's confidantes, months before. Abdulaziz stated that the software revealed Khashoggi's "private criticisms of the Saudi

1068:

Within years, authorities began to use Pegasus to target civil society (including human rights advocates, anti-corruption activists, and journalists). When a list of 50,000 phone numbers of potential Pegasus surveillance targets (selected by individual client governments) was leaked in 2021, a third

710:

Estonia entered negotiations to procure Pegasus in 2018, and had made a $ 30 million down payment for the tool. Estonia hoped to use the tool against Russian phones (presumably for gathering intelligence). Israel initially approved the export of Pegasus to Estonia, but after a senior Russian defense

119:. While NSO Group markets Pegasus as a product for fighting crime and terrorism, governments around the world have routinely used the spyware to surveil journalists, lawyers, political dissidents, and human rights activists. The sale of Pegasus licenses to foreign governments must be approved by the 1687:

At least since 2019, Ukraine had sought to obtain Pegasus in its effort to counter what it saw as an increasing threat of Russian aggression and espionage, however, Israel had imposed a near-total ban on weapons sales to Ukraine (which also encompassed cyberespionage tools), wary of selling Pegasus

1209:

personally sought to obtain cyberespionage tools after his election in 2009. After a rebuff by the U.S. in 2009, Martinelli successfully sought such tools from Israeli vendors, expressing an interest in acquiring a tool capable of hacking into mobile phones in a 2010 private meeting with Israeli PM

1176:

According to revelations from July 2021, Morocco had targeted more than 6,000 Algerian phones, including those of politicians and high-ranking military officials, with the spyware. The Algerian government subsequently severed diplomatic relations with Morocco in August 2021, citing alleged Moroccan

1169:

was targeted by the Moroccan government using the Israeli spyware Pegasus. The rights group claimed that the journalist was targeted three times and spied on after his device was infected with an NSO tool. Meanwhile, Amnesty also claimed that the attack came after the NSO group updated their policy

898:

In some cases, Pegasus was used to obtain information unrelated to an ongoing investigation to be used later to pressure the subject of an investigation. In some cases, police used Pegasus to obtain incriminating information from suspects' devices, and then concealed the source of the incriminating

744:

reported that President of France Emmanuel Macron and 14 French ministers were flagged as potential Pegasus targets for Pegasus spying by Morocco; Moroccan authorities denied Pegasus use and labelled the allegation as "unfounded and false" which a consortium of journalists and Amnesty International

341:

The spyware can be installed on devices running certain versions of iOS, Apple's mobile operating system, as well as some Android devices. Rather than being a specific exploit, Pegasus is a suite of exploits that uses many vulnerabilities in the system. Infection vectors include clicking links, the

253:

Regarding how widespread the issue was, Lookout explained in a blog post: "We believe that this spyware has been in the wild for a significant amount of time based on some of the indicators within the code" and pointed out that the code shows signs of a "kernel mapping table that has values all the

2158:

analysis of mobile phones of potential targets. The investigation identified 11 countries as NSO clients: Azerbaijan, Bahrain, Hungary, India, Kazakhstan, Mexico, Morocco, Rwanda, Saudi Arabia, Togo, and the United Arab Emirates. The investigation also revealed that journalists from multiple media

2149:

In July 2021, a joint investigation conducted by seventeen media organisations, revealed that Pegasus spyware was used to target and spy on heads of state, activists, journalists, and dissidents, enabling "human rights violations around the world on a massive scale". The investigation was launched

1939:

had secretly bought the Pegasus spyware in 2019 and had seen a demonstration of Phantom, a newer tool capable of targeting American phone numbers. The FBI went on to test both tools, and considered their use for domestic surveillance in the U.S., which reportedly led to discussions between the FBI

1927:

employees, all of whom were either stationed in Uganda or worked on matters related to Uganda. Later the same month, AP reported that a total of 11 U.S. State Department employees stationed in Uganda had their iPhones hacked with Pegasus. The US government blacklisted the NSO Group to stop what it

2243:

Brandom also wrote; "The same researchers participating in Apple's bug bounty could make more money selling the same finds to an exploit broker." He concluded the article by writing; "It's hard to say how much damage might have been caused if Mansoor had clicked on the spyware link... The hope is

1957:

L3Harris, a U.S. defense contractor, was in talks to acquire NSO Group, the maker of Pegasus. L3Harris reportedly had the backing of U.S. intelligence in undertaking the acquisition negotiations. After months of negotiations, the talks were scuttled after they were made known to the public by the

844:

investigation found that the Indian government officials pressured Apple to rescind the warnings. Apple instead sent out emails saying the warnings could have been a false alarm and asked media to mention the same in their articles, while government officials told media that it could have been an

189:

NSO Group developed its first iteration of Pegasus spyware in 2011. The company states that it provides "authorized governments with technology that helps them combat terror and crime." NSO Group has published sections of contracts which require customers to use its products only for criminal and

1464:

Two other attacks were launched against him in 2020 and 2021 using the zero-click hacking capabilities. Lastly, on June 13, 2021, an iPhone belonging to Hubbard was successfully hacked using the FORCEDENTRY exploit. Citizen Lab said in "high confidence" that the four attacks were attempted using

396:

Pegasus hides itself as far as is possible and self-destructs in an attempt to eliminate evidence if unable to communicate with its command-and-control server for more than 60 days, or if on the wrong device. Pegasus can also self-destruct on command. If it is not possible to compromise a target

1790:

on 20 June 2021, was infected with the Pegasus spyware for 5 years until 2020. Citizen Lab confirmed that the Emirati activist was hacked by a government client of Israel's NSO Group. The case represented a worrying trend for activists and dissidents, who escaped the UAE to live in the relative

2014:

officials had been targeted by NSO's software. The commission learned of this after Apple notified thousands of iPhone users in November 2021 that they were targeted by state-sponsored hackers. According to the same two sources, IT experts examined some of the smartphones, but the results were

1133:

In the run-up to the 2018 Mexican presidential election, dozens of close associates of the presidential candidate Andrés Manuel López Obrador (who was subsequently elected) were selected as potential targets. Potential targets included close family members, his cardiologist, and members of his

1107:

publicly complained they thought they were being surveilled by the Mexican government. They stated that the Mexican government used Pegasus to send them messages about funeral homes containing links which, when clicked, allowed the government to surreptitiously listen to the investigators. The

1080:, the country's under-secretary for human rights (and a close ally of President Obrador), a prominent critic of the military who was investigating human rights abuses committed by the Mexican military at the time of the targeting, as well as other government officials involved in this inquiry. 773:

authorized the use of Pegasus by Hungarian intelligence and law enforcement services to target the government's political opponents. The Orbán government has been accused of using it to spy on members of media as well as on Hungarian opposition. According to the findings released in July 2021,

237:

is opened. The software installs itself and collects all communications and locations of targeted iPhones. The software can also collect Wi-Fi passwords. The researchers noticed that the software's code referenced an NSO Group product called "Pegasus" in leaked marketing materials. Pegasus had

1115:

cartel members and police officials in the area at the time of the kidnapping, capturing a cartel boss and the police commander discussing where to take the students that night. The Army had soldiers on the streets and a local battalion had an informant embedded with the students. Intercepted

803:

against NSO, claiming that Pegasus had been used to intercept the WhatsApp communications of a number of activists, journalists, and bureaucrats in India, leading to accusations that the Indian government was involved. 17 individuals including human rights activists, scholars, and journalists

1116:

communications days later revealed two suspects talking about releasing students, indicating they may still have been alive. Despite this, the military never shared any of this information with officials searching for the students, and there is no evidence to suggest they attempted a rescue.

894:

to monitor citizens as well as foreign nationals who were accidentally or intentionally infected by the software. The surveillance was ordered by high-ranking police officers, and was carried out without warrants or judicial supervision. The legal basis for use of spyware against citizens is

637:

revealed that the Pegasus spyware was used to infect the devices of a lawyer, an online journalist, and a mental health counsellor in Bahrain. All of the three activists were critical of the Bahraini authorities and were targeted with Pegasus between June and September 2021. One of the three

1752:, a prominent British Human Rights lawyer and founder of Human Rights NGO Detained International, was the first British person to have evidence on his mobile phone that it had been hacked by NSO spyware. It is believed the illegal hacking was carried out in August 2020 by the government of 551:

events, for indicators of compromise. Kaspersky developed a tool that extracts, analyzes, and parses the shutdown.log file to ease the process of locating the malicious signature. This method is only effective if the device is rebooted on the same day that it is infected with Pegasus.

910:

On February 1, the police admitted that there was, in fact, misuse of the software. On February 7, the widespread extent of the warrantless surveillance was further revealed to have included politicians and government officials, heads of corporations, journalists, activists, and even

573:

and democratic governments to spy on critics and opponents. A UN special rapporteur on freedom of opinion found that the use of the spyware by abusive governments could "facilitate extrajudicial, summary or arbitrary executions and killings, or enforced disappearance of persons."

774:

journalists and managers of media holdings appear to have been spied on by the Hungarian government with Pegasus. Phone numbers of at least 10 lawyers, at least 5 journalists, and an opposition politician were included on a leaked list of potential Pegasus surveillance targets.

1818:

rights", "interference with the process of this court and the mother's access to justice" and "abuse of power" by a head of state. NSO had contacted an intermediary in August 2020 to inform Princess Haya of the hack and is believed to have terminated its contract with the UAE.

1907:(SDPD). In the marketing material, Westbridge emphasized that the company is U.S.-based and majority-owned by a U.S. parent company. An SDPD Sergeant responded to the sales pitch with "sounds awesome". The SDPD declined to purchase the spyware as it was too expensive. 1041:

subsequently ascertained that three other Russian expatriate journalists with Latvian phone numbers also received notifications about state-sponsor attacks against their devices from Apple (as well as one additional Russian journalist with a non-Latvian phone number).

1728:

The United Arab Emirates used Pegasus to spy on the members of Saudi-backed Yemeni government according to an investigation published in July 2021. The UAE used the spyware to monitor and spy on the ministers of the internationally recognized government of President

1915:

as well as those of several United Nations diplomats residing in the U.S. NSO Group has said that Pegasus is not deployed against any device located within the territory of the U.S., however, it has been suggested that U.S. citizens can become targets when abroad.

2240:

as vulnerabilities were reported, Apple patched them—but there are plenty of other bugs left. While spyware companies see an exploit purchase as a one-time payout for years of access, Apple's bounty has to be paid out every time a new vulnerability pops up."

2216:

Responding to August 2016 reports of a targeting of an Arab activist, NSO Group stated that they provide "authorized governments with technology that helps them combat terror and crime", although the Group told him that they had no knowledge of any incidents.

554:

Amnesty International released an open-source utility called Mobile Verification Toolkit that's designed to detect traces of Pegasus. The software runs on a personal computer and analyzes data including backup files exported from an iPhone or Android phone.

416:

In 2019, WhatsApp revealed Pegasus had employed a vulnerability in its app to launch zero-click attacks (the spyware would be installed onto a target's phone by calling the target phone; the spyware would be installed even if the call was not answered).

8013: 1845:, which bought the NSO Group in 2019. Since then, Mubadala has been an investor in the firm with its commitment of €50 million, acquiring a seat on the committee of largest investors of the equity fund. Journalists, human rights defenders and the 8544:

Nous ne savons pas comment APT29 a pu acquérir ces vulnérabilités, écrit Google, mais notre enquête montre à quel point des outils initialement conçus par des entreprises privées de cybersurveillance peuvent facilement se propager à des acteurs

972:

Between August 2019 and December 2021, Apple phones of four Jordanian human rights activists, lawyers and journalists were hacked by a NSO government client (apparently Jordanian government agencies). The Jordanian government denied involvement.

2283:

been used against activists, politicians, and journalists. Apple's statement said the company is seeking a permanent injunction to bar NSO Group from using Apple's software, services, or devices to prevent further abuse and harm to users.

290:

Several lawsuits outstanding in 2018 claimed that NSO Group helped clients operate the software and therefore participated in numerous violations of human rights initiated by its clients. Two months after the murder and dismemberment of

1243:

general's office revealed Pegasus was used against 578 people from 2017 to 2022, by three separate government agencies: the Central Anticorruption Bureau, the Military Counterintelligence Service and the Internal Security Agency.

3469: 2886: 6896: 4891: 3639: 1449:, revealed in October 2021 that Saudi Arabia used the NSO Group's Pegasus software to hack into his phone. Hubbard was targeted repeatedly over a three-year period between June 2018 to June 2021 while he was reporting on 6542: 1678:

brokered a deal to use Pegasus in Uganda, paying between $ 10 and $ 20 million in 2019. The software was later used to hack the phones of 11 US diplomats and employees of the US embassy in Uganda some time during 2021.

876:

was found on a list of potential Pegasus surveillance targets (however actual targeting – attempted or successful – could not be determined). The targeting of Salih appeared to have been linked to Saudi Arabia and UAE.

4974: 7031: 983:

released by the digital rights group Access Now revealed that the phones of more than 30 people in Jordan, including journalists, lawyers and activists, had their phones infected with Pegasus between 2020 and 2023.

1008:. Among the 2000 targeted Kazak numbers were government critic Bakhytzhan Toregozhina, as well as journalists Serikzhan Mauletbay and Bigeldy Gabdullin. Most of these victims were involved in a civic youth movement 6138: 1625:

stated his ministry was not aware of any Pegasus usage by the government. A researcher from Citizen Lab has said that while 30 targets were confirmed definitively, they expect the actual number to be much higher.

1969:

that prohibited "operational use by the United States Government of commercial spyware that poses risks to national security or has been misused by foreign actors to enable human rights abuses around the world."

949:, calling the crisis a "trampling on the values of democracy and privacy," said that the investigation launched by his office will also be extensive, adding that it will not only include the police, but also the 456:

CVE-2016-4656: Kernel memory corruption leads to jailbreak – 32 and 64 bit iOS kernel-level vulnerabilities that allow the attacker to secretly jailbreak the device and install surveillance software – details in

4744: 6959: 2029:

A leak of a list of more than 50,000 telephone numbers believed to have been identified as those of people of interest by clients of NSO since 2016 became available to Paris-based media nonprofit organisation

412:

As of August 2016 – according to a former NSO employee – the U.S. version of Pegasus had 1-click capabilities for all phones apart from old Blackberry models which could be infiltrated with a 0-click attack.

8715:

Marczak, Bill; Anstis, Siena; Crete-Nishihata, Masashi; Scott-Railton, John; Deibert, Ron (January 28, 2020). Stopping the Press: New York Times Journalist Targeted by Saudi-linked Pegasus Spyware Operator.

1091:

In 2017, Citizen Lab researchers revealed that NSO exploit links may have been sent to Mexican scientists and public health campaigners. The targets supported measures to reduce childhood obesity, including

6045: 3889: 2424: 1222:. Salah Hammouri, a French-Palestinian human rights defender and one of the six victims of the Pegasus attack, has filed a lawsuit against NSO in France, accusing the company of a privacy rights violation. 7843: 2820: 3108: 1583:

resurfaced in April 2022 following the publication of a report of a CitizenLab investigation that revealed widespread use of Pegasus against Catalan politicians and citizens, as well as Basque politician

2291:

In August 2024, security expert revealed code similar to NSO Pegasus were reused by Russia-linked agencies. They pointed out the uncontrolled proliferation of surveillance tools to authoritarian actors.

6510: 389:, researchers revealed that Pegasus was available for Android in addition to iOS. Its functionality is similar to the iOS version, but the mode of attack is different. The Android version tries to gain 7589: 6633: 393:(similar to jailbreaking in iOS); if it fails, it asks the user for permissions that enable it to harvest at least some data. At the time Google said that only a few Android devices had been infected. 4070: 807:

Phone numbers of Indian ministers, opposition leaders, ex-election commissioners and journalists were allegedly found on a database of NSO hacking targets by Pegasus Project in 2021. Phone numbers of

7533: 309:, a Canadian resident, filed suit in Israel against NSO Group, accusing the firm of providing the Saudi government with the surveillance software to spy on him and his friends, including Khashoggi. 8109: 8080: 5691: 1134:

personal and political inner circle. Recordings of Obrador's conversations with family and party colleagues were subsequently leaked to the public in an attempt to disrupt his electoral campaign.

833:

appear to have been selected around the time when an intense power struggle was taking place between the Bharatiya Janata Party and the Janata Dal (Secular)-Congress-led state government in 2019.

8285: 4265: 3675: 3278: 1864:. Besides, at least five attacks were identified on Foreign Office phones by UK allies, including the UAE, between July 2020 and June 2021. The UAE was also alleged of hiring a firm to "monitor" 4839: 1407:

in April 2018. Activity on Etatr's confiscated phone, while she was in the custody of UAE intelligence services, further suggested that an attempt was made to install the software at that time.

678:, a Dominican Republic journalist known for her investigations into corruption in the country, was targeted by an unknown actor using Pegasus spyware at least three times between 2020 and 2021. 8315: 5366: 7230: 7116: 6827: 5259: 5433: 6927: 4807: 3919: 1311:, the lower house of its parliament, established a special commission to investigate the use of Pegasus by the PiS. Appearing in front of the commission in March 2024, former prime minister 5228: 4100: 3403: 7463: 4130: 5481: 4651: 4621: 6480: 4385: 3459: 214:, which investigated, with the collaboration of Lookout, finding that if Mansoor had followed the link it would have jailbroken his phone and implanted the spyware into it, in a form of 6417: 6270: 5197: 2876: 7873: 7511: 5457: 2575: 1173:

In July 2021, it was revealed that the Moroccan PM Saad Eddine el-Othamani and Moroccan King Mohammed VI were selected for targeting – apparently by Moroccan state actors themselves.

2715: 595:

The list of spied-upon citizens included dozens of journalists and activists from Azerbaijan. It was alleged that their mobile phones were tapped. The head of Azerbaijani service of

6707: 6450: 5056: 3334: 7039: 6888: 8225: 6387: 4881: 4673: 3631: 3221: 6864: 6602: 1621:

According to a report by Citizen Lab and Digital Reach, at least 30 political activists and government critics from Thailand were affected by the spyware. A spokesperson for the

754:

iteration of Pegasus spyware features built-in safeguards to prevent abuse and comply with EU privacy laws, however, officials have not publicly confirmed or elaborated on this.

453:

CVE-2016-4655: Information leak in kernel – A kernel base mapping vulnerability that leaks information to the attacker allowing them to calculate the kernel's location in memory.

4359:"The million-dollar reporter How attackers hijacked the phone of Meduza co-founder Galina Timchenko, making her the first Russian journalist to be infected with Pegasus spyware" 3143: 907:

launched an internal probe into the allegations, the Privacy Protection Council (which advises the Minister of Justice), demanded that a state commission of inquiry be created.

6572: 6532: 3727: 8409: 4966: 7282: 7255: 4040: 3571: 2784: 514:(C&C) infrastructure to deliver exploit payloads and send commands to Pegasus targets. There are at least four known iterations of the C&C infrastructure, dubbed the 6331: 3075: 2752: 1488:, was targeted by Saudi Arabia with Pegasus software. The targeting and hacking of Almasarir's phone by a network linked to Saudi Arabia was confirmed by researchers at the 8376: 7485: 7199: 3500: 1218:

The mobile phones of six Palestinian activists were hacked using Pegasus with some of the attacks reportedly occurring as far back as July 2020, according to a report from

3247: 3169: 1725:

Qatar hired Israeli-based cybersecurity firm "Sdema Group "in exchange of million-euro contract for providing security at the 2022 World Cup soccer championship in Qatar.

714:

Estonia gained access to Pegasus spyware in 2019. Citizen Lab has uncovered that Estonia has deployed Pegasus outside its borders, against targets in "many" EU countries.

7547: 6130: 8464: 4454: 3604: 2520: 7133: 7061: 6195: 4736: 3436: 460:

CVE-2016-4657: Memory corruption in the webkit – A vulnerability in the Safari WebKit that allows the attacker to compromise the device when the user clicks on a link.

7562:"THE PEGASUS PROJECT | A GLOBAL INVESTIGATION | Human rights acitivist and close ally of detained Dubai princess had phone hacked by NSO spyware, forensic test finds" 6949: 5633: 1642:, as well as several other Tibetan activists and clerics – all of whom are living in exile in India – were selected for potential targeting by Pegasus, likely by the 964:

issued an emergency software patch after it was warned that Israel's NSO Group had injected its Pegasus spyware remotely and surreptitiously on to iPhones and iPads.

9080: 4714: 385:(Pegasus' brother in Greek mythology). According to Google, "Chrysaor is believed to be related to the Pegasus spyware". At the 2017 Security Analyst Summit held by 5034: 2611: 2042:, and a months-long investigation was carried out, which reported from mid-July 2021. The Pegasus Project involved 80 journalists from the media partners including 9100: 6037: 3881: 2812: 2649: 2416: 7835: 7792: 6301: 6077: 3760: 3098: 2645: 2004: 6165: 7653: 6502: 4774: 491:

inside the JBIG2 stream which was then used to implement the zero-click attack. Apple fixed the vulnerability in iOS 14.8 in September 2021 as CVE-2021-30860.

165:

and Lookout Security published the first public technical analyses of Pegasus in August 2016 after they captured the spyware in a failed attempt to spy on the

8442: 7581: 6625: 5308: 4062: 7159: 5100: 4915: 1516:) said at today's press conference that he had no information about the purchase of the Pegasus system and questioned the veracity of the Denník N article. 4861: 4156: 980: 322:

covered Pegasus and its penetration into the phones of media professionals and activists; and its use by Israel to eavesdrop on both opponents and allies.

8104: 8072: 7952: 7312: 4211: 397:

device by simpler means, Pegasus can be installed by setting up a wireless transceiver near a target device, or by gaining physical access to the device.

7402: 5683: 2950: 206:

received a text message promising "secrets" about torture happening in prisons in the United Arab Emirates by following a link. Mansoor sent the link to

8277: 3667: 3270: 7759: 7179: 4829: 2489: 1860:

and the Foreign Office. One of the spyware attack on No 10 was on 7 July 2020, which was asserted to have infected the phone of British Prime Minister

8307: 7904: 7311:

Scott-Railton, John; Campo, Elies; Marczak, Bill; Razzak, Bahr Abdul; Anstis, Siena; Böcü, Gözde; Solimano, Salvatore; Deibert, Ron (April 18, 2022).

7092: 5358: 5004: 2270:

denied the appeal of NSO of the lower court's decision to continue the lawsuit and allowed WhatsApp to pursue its lawsuit against Israel's NSO Group.

2203:

were targeted, and identified at least 180 journalists from 20 countries who were selected for targeting with NSO spyware between 2016 and June 2021.

1278:

elections, Brejza's text messages were stolen as he was leading the opposition parties' campaign. The texts were doctored by state-run media, notably

7220: 7113: 6819: 6676: 5584: 5251: 1564: 7733: 5430: 2394: 6919: 4799: 4290: 3911: 2093: 5558: 5220: 5168: 5134: 4092: 3395: 8792: 8345: 7455: 7356: 4944: 4122: 2229:

program, which rewards people for finding flaws in its software, might not have offered sufficient rewards to prevent exploits being sold on the

6243: 5478: 5389: 4643: 4613: 4586:[Eurowiretapping: How the authorities of the EU countries spy on the opposition, the press, business and colleagues from other states]. 8766: 8014:"FACT SHEET: President Biden Signs Executive Order to Prohibit U.S. Government Use of Commercial Spyware that Poses Risks to National Security" 6472: 4548: 4382: 3808: 3357: 2385:"Despite the hype, iPhone security no match for NSO spyware – International investigation finds 23 Apple devices that were successfully hacked" 8482: 8039: 7008: 6764: 6409: 6262: 5194: 1911:

against any of their devices. Among the phone numbers discovered on the list were those of the Obama administration's chief negotiator of the

7865: 7707: 7684: 7507: 5454: 3980: 3782: 9714: 6981: 5965: 5934: 2567: 9252: 8139: 3195: 2707: 8501: 6699: 6442: 3330: 10245: 9070: 6107: 5283: 1481:

as being an influential dissident, and hence had two brothers imprisoned by the Saudi authorities, and his cell phone hacked by Pegasus.

840:

warned Indian journalists and opposition politicians that they may have been targets of state-sponsored attacks using Pegasus spyware. A

9060: 8217: 6379: 5860: 5829: 4683: 3217: 2138:

On 26 January 2022, the reports revealed that mobile phones of Lama Fakih, a US-Lebanese citizen and director of crisis and conflict at

811:

activists who had compromising data implanted on their computers through a hack were found on a Pegasus surveillance phone number list.

9014: 6850: 6594: 4229: 3039: 6353: 4181:

Marczak, Bill; Abdulemam, Ali; Al-Jizawi, Noura; Anstis, Siena; Berdan, Kristin; Scott-Railton, John; Deibert, Ron (August 24, 2021).

3133: 1315:

testified that “use of Pegasus was in accordance with the law, there were no shortcomings, and in 99% it was used against criminals.”

599:

Jamie Fly expressed his anger when it was revealed that the phones of his five current and former employees were tapped with Pegasus.

10255: 7561: 6564: 5532: 4523: 3719: 2685: 1194: 1150:

A widow of slain renowned Mexican journalist was a target of an attempted Pegasus attack 10 days after her husband was assassinated.

1020:

Citizen Lab first noted the use of Pegasus in Latvia in 2018; Citizen Lab believes Pegasus is still being used by Latvia as of 2023.

846: 727: 658:

purchased Pegasus for the Djibouti government to conduct counter-terrorism operations (despite Djibouti's poor human rights record).

8399: 7421: 6730: 4182: 4032: 3833: 3563: 3534: 2774: 1478: 8255: 6323: 3065: 2738: 1638:(who does not carry a personal phone himself), Tibet's president-in-exile, staff of a prominent Tibetan Buddhist spiritual leader 726:

reported that several phones of Finnish diplomats had been infected with the Pegasus spyware. Antti Pelttari, the Director of the

587:

also received a warning letter from Apple, he rejected the theory that the spying party could be the current Armenian government.

9648: 8368: 5993: 5714: 3492: 1622: 7283:"Unidas Podemos pide a Robles y Marlaska que investiguen el espionaje a dirigentes independentistas: "Tienen que rodar cabezas"" 3243: 3165: 1692:, Ukrainian officials rebuked Israel's tepid support of Ukraine and Israeli efforts to maintain amicable relations with Russia. 1158:

In 2019, two Moroccan pro-democracy campaigners were notified by WhatsApp that their phones had been compromised with Pegasus.

723: 181:

investigation, which centered on a leaked list of 50,000 phone numbers reportedly selected for targeting by Pegasus customers.

6218: 3596: 2512: 8829: 8624: 8338:"Massive data leak reveals Israeli NSO Group's spyware used to target activists, journalists, and political leaders globally" 8248:"NSO CEO exclusively responds to allegations: "The list of 50,000 phone numbers has nothing to do with us" | Ctech" 7053: 6187: 3426: 2917: 10275: 10265: 9184: 7623: 6012: 5630: 5408: 5335: 935: 790: 495: 8733: 5611: 4706: 3308: 2853: 1142:

Pegasus has been used by drug cartels and cartel-entwined government actors to target and intimidate Mexican journalists.

9598: 9065: 5026: 4305: 2601: 1941: 1815: 427:

and network-based attacks. These methods allowed clients to break into target phones without requiring user interaction.

2636: 150:, accessing the target device's microphone and camera, and harvesting information from apps. The spyware is named after 9732: 9215: 8993: 8759: 8564: 8520: 7784: 6655: 6293: 6067: 5661: 2482:"Triple Threat: NSO Group's Pegasus Spyware Returns in 2022 with a Trio of iOS 15 and iOS 16 Zero-Click Exploit Chains" 2267: 1912: 1275: 242:, which indicated the software had been supplied to the government of Panama in 2015. Citizen Lab and Lookout notified 221:

Citizen Lab and Lookout discovered that the link downloaded software to exploit three previously unknown and unpatched

134:

exploit. While the capabilities of Pegasus may vary over time due to software updates, Pegasus is generally capable of

8607:

Rudie, JD; Katz, Zach; Kuhbander, Sam; Bhunia, Suman (2021). "Technical Analysis of the NSO Group's Pegasus Spyware".

5905: 5883: 4565: 4010: 3950: 3750: 3010: 2980: 976:

In January 2022, it was revealed that Jordanian lawyer and activist Hala Ahed Deeb's phone was targeted with Pegasus.

826:, of sexual harassment, were also allegedly found on a database indicating possibility of their phones being snooped. 9738: 9264: 9225: 8860: 7994: 6161: 5793: 4583: 4480: 4003:""Ազատ Եվրոպա/Ազատություն" ռ/կ նախագահը դատապարտում է ադրբեջանական ծառայության լրագրողների լրտեսումը Pegasus ծրագրով" 2360: 1924: 1508:

The Slovak Information Service (SIS) has acquired the Pegasus software under the fourth government of Prime Minister

1416: 1271: 8432: 7814: 7645: 4766: 4329: 1304:(NIK), 544 of its employees' devices were under surveillance over 7,300 times, some could be infected with Pegasus. 177:, Citizen Lab, and others have garnered significant media attention, including in July 2021 with the release of the 131: 9798: 9744: 9319: 9210: 9039: 6801: 2135:, in what was the first time an independent and official authority corroborated the findings of the investigation. 1689: 1374: 1073: 487:

implementation of JBIG2, re-used in Apple's iOS phone operating software, allowed Pegasus to construct an emulated

63: 9792: 7927: 5305: 4266:"World Leaders on Pegasus List Include France's President Macron, Morocco's King Mohammed, Kazakhstan's President" 569:

Although Pegasus is stated as intended to be used against criminals and terrorists, it has also been used by both

9146: 8983: 8885: 8682:"Parsing Pegasus: An Infrastructural Approach to the Relationship between Technology and Swiss Security Politics" 7975: 4912: 2024: 1936: 1897: 1761: 1528:

was revealed to have been selected as a potential target of Pegasus surveillance, possibly by the Rwandan state.

1493: 616: 596: 564: 507: 178: 7534:"Appendix e – Pegasus Forensic Traces per Target Identified in the Aftermath of the Pegasus Project Revelations" 6628:[Cyber attack on the Supreme Audit Office. "We have a suspicion of a Pegasus hacking on three phones"]. 5757: 1286:

against the opposition. This prompted the Polish Senate to begin an inquiry into the deployment of the spyware.

1177:

deployment of Pegasus against Algerian officials as one of the "hostile actions" that undergirded the decision.

815:

the list and the beginning of surveillance. The gap usually ranges between a few minutes and a couple of hours.

10195: 9205: 8978: 8947: 7945: 7200:"Získala SIS špionážny systém Pegasus? Trojica ministrov to spochybnila, opozícia hovorí o ohrození demokracie" 2447: 1799: 5074: 4584:"Европрослушка: Как власти стран ЕС шпионят за оппозицией, прессой, бизнесом и коллегами из других государств" 3632:"Report accuses Saudi Arabia, UAE of probably hacking phones of over three dozen journalists in London, Qatar" 2131:) confirmed that Pegasus spyware had been found on the phones of three journalists, including a journalist of 1903:

In August 2016, NSO Group (through its U.S. subsidiary Westbridge) pitched its U.S. version of Pegasus to the

1077: 10235: 9085: 8998: 8797: 8787: 8752: 7338: 5333:"'To form a Commission of inquiry to review the police and NSO affair. An internal probe will not be enough'" 2940: 1560: 1301: 924: 511: 215: 7734:"UAE tried to 'influence' Tory ministers to 'mislead' the public, sacked embassy guard says in court papers" 3698: 2548: 2481: 1986:'s mobile phone revealed on 20 December 2021 that he was targeted using spyware while probing war crimes of 1826:

stated that it had terminated its contract with the UAE to use its Pegasus spyware tool after the ruling by

611:'s Pegasus to hack activists, bloggers, members of Waad (a secular Bahraini political society), a member of 9959: 9349: 9136: 9075: 9034: 8932: 7896: 7084: 4996: 1513: 950: 120: 9696: 2262:

was seeking a permanent demand to block NSO from using its service, and asked lawmakers to bar the use of

190:

national security investigations and has stated that it has an industry-leading approach to human rights.

10270: 9454: 9189: 8952: 8540:"Des espions russes ont utilisé des outils de piratage conçus par les entreprises NSO Group et Intellexa" 8195: 8169: 7016: 4498: 3003:"About the security content of Security Update 2016-001 El Capitan and Security Update 2016-005 Yosemite" 2384: 1904: 1838: 1454: 1104: 943: 699: 655: 9289: 7376: 7054:"New York Times Journalist Ben Hubbard Hacked with Pegasus after Reporting on Previous Hacking Attempts" 10143: 9484: 9339: 9131: 9024: 8968: 7611: 5160: 5126: 3666:

Marczak, Bill; Scott-Railton, John; Al-Jizawi, Noura; Anstis, Siena; Deibert, Ron (December 20, 2020).

1846: 1807: 1765: 904: 527: 378: 318: 116: 56: 8890: 8337: 5956:

Scott-Railton, John; Marczak, Bill; Guarnieri, Claudio; Crete-Nishihata, Masashi (February 11, 2017).

5923:

Scott-Railton, John; Marczak, Bill; Guarnieri, Claudio; Crete-Nishihata, Masashi (February 11, 2017).

4936: 4358: 4183:"From Pearl to Pegasus: Bahraini Government Hacks Activists with NSO Group Zero-Click iPhone Exploits" 4033:"From Pearl to Pegasus: Bahraini Government Hacks Activists with NSO Group Zero-Click iPhone Exploits" 246:'s security team, which patched the flaws within ten days and released an update for iOS. A patch for 126:

As of March 2023, Pegasus operators were able to remotely install the spyware on iOS versions through

10240: 9624: 9593: 9220: 7342: 7123:, By Bill Marczak, John Scott-Railton, Adam Senft, Bahr Abdul Razzak, and Ron Deibert October 1, 2018 5387: 2602:"The Million Dollar Dissident: NSO Group's iPhone Zero-Days used against a UAE Human Rights Defender" 1856:

revealed that Pegasus spyware linked to an Emirati operative was used to hack into the phones at the

1496:

on behalf of Ghanem Almasarir. In August 2022, a British judge ruled that the prominent dissident in

1290: 919:. This has led to renewed calls for a public inquiry, including from the current police commissioner 800: 794: 526:, and other network infrastructure. The PATN reportedly utilizes techniques such as registering high 9179: 6677:"Former prime minister Kaczyński says Poland needed spyware but he wasn't interested in the details" 5027:"Leaked Snoop List Suggests Surveillance May Have Played Role in Toppling of Karnataka Govt in 2019" 4997:"Days After Accusing CJI Gogoi of Sexual Harassment, Staffer Put on List of Potential Snoop Targets" 1954:

clearly showed that the agency weighed using Pegasus and Phantom in domestic law enforcement cases.

9762: 9329: 9247: 9153: 9126: 2332: 2161: 1929: 1714: 1474: 1353: 1251: 622:

In January 2022, Bahrain was accused of using the Pegasus spyware to hack a human rights defender,

306: 7676: 5504: 4937:"Snoop List Has 40 Indian Journalists, Forensic Tests Confirm Presence of Pegasus Spyware on Some" 3972: 3460:"Everything We Know About NSO Group: The Professional Spies Who Hacked iPhones With A Single Text" 3218:"NSO Group y su Pegasus, el software que metió en problemas judiciales a un expresidente panameño" 2877:"Everything We Know About NSO Group: The Professional Spies Who Hacked iPhones With A Single Text" 1574: 9918: 9582: 9055: 8988: 8834: 6533:"Senacka komisja ds. Pegasusa rozpoczęła prace. Pierwszymi świadkami będą eksperci z Citizen Lab" 5924: 3943:"Հայաստանյան ընդդիմության ու իշխանության առանցքային դեմքեր լրտեսական ծրագրի թիրախում են հայտնվել" 2945: 2187: 1571: 1392:

murder", but declined to comment on reports that he had personally traveled to the Saudi capital

1377:. In October 2018, Citizen Lab reported on the use of NSO software to spy on the inner circle of 1312: 954: 8131: 7160:"Tajná služba za Fica zrejme získala možnosť totálne ovládnuť mobil, môže ísť o nástroj Pegasus" 5957: 3191: 1919:

In December 2021, it was reported that Pegasus spyware was found in the preceding months on the

9479: 9141: 8132:"BJP Fields State Leaders to Tackle Pegasus Allegations, Uses 'International Conspiracy' Bogey" 7785:"The DEA Didn't Buy Malware From Israel's Controversial NSO Group Because It Was Too Expensive" 7313:"CatalanGate: Extensive Mercenary Spyware Operation against Catalans Using Pegasus and Candiru" 1738: 1734: 1190: 819: 139: 9121: 8647: 6626:"Cyberatak na Najwyższą Izbę Kontroli. "Mamy podejrzenie włamania Pegasusem na trzy telefony"" 6354:"Poland's prosecutor general says previous government used spyware against hundreds of people" 6188:"Pegasus: From its own king to Algeria, the infinite reach of Morocco's intelligence services" 6099: 5280: 2244:

that, when the next researcher finds the next bug, that thought matters more than the money."

2066: 2038:. They shared the information with seventeen news media organisations in what has been called 9980: 9933: 9841: 9768: 9552: 8916: 7708:"UAE linked to Downing Street spyware attack that may have compromised Boris Johnson's phone" 5852: 5815: 2743: 2151: 2143: 2035: 1958:

news media in June 2022, with the U.S. government publicly rebuking the acquisition attempt.

1795: 1730: 1267: 1162: 997: 667: 634: 488: 437:

technology to the NSO group and other such "bad actors" and actively encouraged them to find

211: 174: 170: 147: 9163: 9019: 8609:

2021 International Conference on Computational Science and Computational Intelligence (CSCI)

6246:[AIVD uses controversial Israeli hacking software, also for hacking Ridouan Taghi]. 5057:"Key Cong-JDS leaders were 'possible targets' of Pegasus spyware during 2019 crisis: report" 3035: 10250: 9577: 8942: 7184: 3668:"The Great iPwn: Journalists Hacked with Suspected NSO Group iMessage 'Zero-Click' Exploit" 3271:"An Israeli tech firm is selling spy software to dictators, betraying the country's ideals" 3061: 2142:, were repeatedly hacked by a client of NSO Group at a time when she was investigating the 1885: 1834:'s ruler misused the firm's Pegasus software to spy on his ex-wife and her legal advisers. 1705: 1430: 1344: 1219: 1005: 438: 420:

Since 2019, Pegasus has come to rely on iPhone iMessage vulnerabilities to deploy spyware.

271: 222: 199: 8539: 8500:

Mehrotra and Scigliuzzo and Turton, Kartikay and Davide and William (September 13, 2021).

5816:"Exclusive: How Mexican drug baron El Chapo was brought down by technology made in Israel" 3751:"Project Zero: A deep dive into an NSO zero-click iMessage exploit: Remote Code Execution" 2677: 1399:

In 2021, allegations arose that the software may also have been used to spy on members of

1254:(PiS) government, with Giertych's phone suffering 18 intrusions. 33 hacks to the phone of 1238:

in July 2017. Citizen Lab revealed that several members of political opposition groups in

1093: 8: 10067: 9095: 8911: 7819: 7566: 6660: 5489: 5465: 5441: 5205: 3755: 3138: 2389: 2072: 2011: 1945: 1842: 1769:

messages Haigh shared. The analysis shows that Haigh's phone was hacked two weeks later.

1675: 1426: 841: 584: 433:

in a lawsuit against US-based cybersecurity startup, Corellium, alleged that it sold its

367: 293: 266: 100: 9424: 7615: 5221:"Israeli Police: From Warrantless Cellphone Searches to Controversial Misuse of Spyware" 3526: 2003:

In April 2022, according to two EU officials and documentation obtained by Reuters, the

1382:

royal family," which according to Abdulaziz "played a major role" in Khashoggi's death.

10205: 10200: 10097: 9726: 9489: 9415: 9105: 8906: 8703: 8668: 8630: 8595: 8247: 6820:"The Kingdom Came to Canada – How Saudi-Linked Digital Espionage Reached Canadian Soil" 5431:"Ministry heads, Netanyahu associates, activists said targeted by police with spyware." 5316: 4886: 4499:"Even in Europe, we are not safe A statement from Meduza editor-in-chief Ivan Kolpakov" 3882:"The NSO File: A Complete (Updating) List of Individuals Targeted With Pegasus Spyware" 3491:

Cannings, Rich; Woloz, Jason; Mehta, Neel; Bodzak, Ken; Chang, Wentao; Ruthven, Megan.

3431: 3103: 3070: 2480:

Marczak, Bill; Scott-Railton, John; Razzak, Bahr Abdul; Deibert, Ron (April 18, 2023).

2226: 2181: 2155: 2139: 2087: 1950: 1536: 1231: 1206: 916: 523: 409:

attack which required the target to click a malicious link in a text message or email.

333:-owned communication app related to the alleged use of Pegasus against WhatsApp users. 313: 275: 260: 135: 9428: 8937: 5406:"The police zig-zags on the NSO affair: 'evidence was discovered that changes things'" 5359:"Attorney general opens investigation into police use of NSO spyware against Israelis" 2353:

Pegasus: how a spy in your pocket threatens the end of privacy, dignity, and democracy

1062: 10210: 10062: 9666: 9522: 8880: 8844: 8707: 8672: 8643: 8634: 8620: 8599: 8369:"Private Israeli spyware used to hack cellphones of journalists, activists worldwide" 8047: 7429: 7377:"El Gobierno asegura que los móviles de Sánchez y Robles fueron espiados con Pegasus" 6855: 6772: 6738: 6068:"'It's a free-for-all': how hi-tech spyware ends up in the hands of Mexico's cartels" 5765: 5722: 5281:"What does the Israeli Police really say when it denies the Calcalist investigation?" 5252:"Israel Police accused of using NSO spyware on civilians for years without oversight" 4284: 3365: 2455: 2446:

Sanger, David E.; Perlroth, Nicole; Swanson, Ana; Bergman, Ronen (November 3, 2021).

2356: 2309: 2031: 1881: 1328: 1111:

In 2023, it was revealed that Mexican Army intelligence was using Pegasus to monitor

1057:

Early versions of Pegasus were used to surveil the phone of Joaquín Guzmán, known as

946: 639: 424: 390: 342:

Photos app, the Apple Music app, and iMessage. Some of the exploits Pegasus uses are

143: 7946:"The FBI Reportedly Considered Buying Spyware That Could Hack Any Phone in the U.S." 7357:"Spanish prime minister's mobile phone infected by Pegasus spyware, government says" 7256:"Hauek dira Pegasus eta Candiru programekin ustez espiatu dituzten independentistak" 7114:

The Kingdom Came to Canada; How Saudi-Linked Digital Espionage Reached Canadian Soil

4830:"Phones Of Indian Politicians, Journalists Hacked Using Pegasus: 10 Facts On Report" 1841:, Mubadala Capital was one of the largest investors in €1 billion Novalpina Capital 1600:

In May 2022, the Spanish Government revealed that the smartphones of Prime Minister

325:

In February 2024, a US court ordered NSO Group to hand over the code for Pegasus to

10260: 10138: 9990: 9913: 9562: 9499: 9374: 8823: 8721: 8693: 8660: 8612: 8585: 7646:"Pegasus spyware maker ends contract with UAE after UK high court's hacking ruling" 6681: 4913:

Indian activists jailed on terrorism charges were on list with surveillance targets

4882:"Phones of 2 Ministers, 3 Opp leaders among many targeted for surveillance: report" 4678: 2322: 2176: 2109: 2097: 1811: 1639: 1613:

entities, given the diplomatic tensions between the two at the time of the target.

1605: 1485: 1279: 1259: 1255: 1112: 1024: 758: 687: 623: 570: 302: 274:

was using this spyware as early as 2013. It was used in Panama by former president

47: 9836: 8400:"Apple issues global iOS update after attempt to use spyware on activist's iPhone" 5195:"Police targeted activist with NSO software, saved info on his sex life — report." 1662:

alleged that Pegasus software was used to spy on six critics of the government in

1601: 10148: 10123: 10087: 10015: 9928: 9923: 9567: 9359: 9269: 8973: 8616: 7120: 6954: 6244:"AIVD gebruikt omstreden Israëlische hacksoftware, ook voor hacken Ridouan Taghi" 6072: 5637: 5615: 5485: 5461: 5437: 5412: 5393: 5339: 5312: 5287: 5201: 4919: 4428: 4389: 2909: 2811:

Kirchgaessner, Stephanie; Lewis, Paul; Pegg, David; Cutler, Sam (July 18, 2021).

2171: 2007: 1966: 1643: 1525: 1400: 1378: 1370: 1027:, Russian journalist and co-founder of the Latvia-based Russian news publication 1009: 912: 829:

Records also indicate that phone numbers of some of the key political players in

494:

As of July 2021, Pegasus likely uses many exploits, some not listed in the above

298: 230: 155: 7032:"Forensic report reveals Israeli spyware Pegasus behind Jeff Bezos's phone hack" 5405: 5332: 1849:

were traced to have been hacked using the Pegasus spyware during the same time.

1589: 1235: 1185:

The Netherlands is a suspected Pegasus user. Pegasus spyware was used to spy on

864:, Apple and opposition politicians to falsely accuse the government of hacking. 770: 9887: 9882: 9572: 9557: 9547: 9542: 9474: 9449: 9444: 9439: 9384: 9158: 8839: 7582:"New evidence suggests spyware used to surveil Emirati activist Alaa Al-Siddiq" 5958:"Bitter Sweet: Supporters of Mexico's Soda Tax Targeted With NSO Exploit Links" 5925:"Bitter Sweet: Supporters of Mexico's Soda Tax Targeted With NSO Exploit Links" 5811: 5641: 5608: 3300: 2843: 2258: 2193: 1983: 1857: 1827: 1779: 1742: 1429:, the crown-prince of Saudi Arabia, exchanged messages with him that exploited 1387: 1297:, and Tomasz Szwejgiert, a journalist and alleged former associate of the CBA. 1283: 1263: 1247: 900: 853: 808: 434: 406: 330: 127: 9029: 7180:"Slovak intelligence services now equipped to monitor phones, Denník N writes" 6920:"Israeli firm won't say if it sold Saudis spyware linked to Khashoggi killing" 5455:"Police minister establishes commission to probe explosive NSO spying claims." 5101:"Iraqi president on list for potential Pegasus surveillance – Washington Post" 4549:

Pegasus Infection of Galina Timchenko, exiled Russian Journalist and Publisher

4063:"Phones of nine Bahraini activists found to have been hacked with NSO spyware" 3134:"Lawsuits claim Israeli spyware firm helped UAE regime hack opponents' phones" 852:

said that the warnings were a "prank" by Apple. An advisor to the government,

690:

was selected for potential targeting by Pegasus – apparently by Saudi Arabia.

10229: 10010: 9469: 9420: 8051: 7760:"No 10 suspected of being target of NSO spyware attack, Boris Johnson 'told'" 7433: 7403:"Pegasus phone spyware used to target 30 Thai activists, cyber watchdogs say" 6950:"Saudis behind NSO spyware attack on Jamal Khashoggi's family, leak suggests" 6800:

Benner, Katie; Mazzetti, Mark; Hubbard, Ben; Isaac, Mike (October 20, 2018).

6776: 6742: 5769: 5726: 5585:"Journalists, activists targeted in Jordan with Israeli-made Pegasus spyware" 4157:"No safe haven? The Bahraini dissident still menaced after gaining UK asylum" 3369: 2459: 2119: 1865: 1861: 1803: 1585: 1567: 1246:

In December 2021, Citizen Lab announced that Pegasus was used against lawyer

1186: 1065:

reportedly called NSO to thank the company for its role in Guzmán's capture.

928: 891: 405:

The earliest version of Pegasus – which was identified in 2016 – relied on a

386: 203: 8278:"Pegasus spyware found on journalists' phones, French intelligence confirms" 7836:"U.S. State Department phones hacked with Israeli company spyware – sources" 6700:"WhatsApp spyware attack: senior clergymen in Togo among activists targeted" 6263:"Palestinian activists' mobile phones hacked using NSO spyware, says report" 5955: 5922: 5479:"Ex-ministry chiefs demand state commission to probe police wiretap claims." 2417:"With Israel's Encouragement, NSO Sold Spyware to UAE and Other Gulf States" 778: 745:

have demonstrated that there are "technical elements that prove listening".

9954: 9908: 9708: 9672: 9527: 9517: 9410: 9405: 9400: 9274: 9090: 8404: 8308:"Top Human Rights Watch investigator allegedly hacked with Pegasus spyware" 8073:"UN-backed investigator into possible Yemen war crimes targeted by spyware" 7225: 5758:"How Mexico Became the Biggest User of the World's Most Notorious Spy Tool" 5653: 4429:"Pegasus spyware: French President Macron changes phone after hack reports" 4330:"Israel, Fearing Russian Reaction, Blocked Spyware for Ukraine and Estonia" 4002: 3942: 3036:"Sophisticated, persistent mobile attack against high-value targets on iOS" 3002: 2972: 2779: 2338: 2327: 2230: 2049: 2044: 1774: 1733:, including Yemeni president and his family members, former Prime Minister 1701: 1450: 1340: 1289:

On January 25, 2022, more victims were confirmed by Citizen Lab, including

1037: 939: 920: 873: 861: 849: 823: 531: 464: 239: 108: 8664: 8521:"Apple files lawsuit against NSO Group, saying U.S. citizens were targets" 5684:"Kazakhstan: Four activists' mobile devices infected with Pegasus Spyware" 4591: 1327:

have been targeted with Pegasus, including the daughter and the nephew of

10190: 10180: 10128: 10036: 9892: 9702: 9532: 9394: 9259: 8714: 7928:"F.B.I. Secretly Bought Israeli Spyware and Explored Hacking U.S. Phones" 6537: 5929: 5715:"Russian news outlet in Latvia believes European state behind phone hack" 4767:"Indian Activists, Lawyers Were 'Targeted' Using Israeli Spyware Pegasus" 4737:"Did Indian Govt Buy Pegasus Spyware? Home Ministry's Answer Is Worrying" 4644:"Viktor Orbán accused of using Pegasus to spy on journalists and critics" 4614:"Viktor Orbán accused of using Pegasus to spy on journalists and critics" 4383:

Finnish diplomats were targeted by Pegasus spyware, says foreign ministry

4323: 4321: 4319: 4306:"Journalists in El Salvador Targeted With Spyware Intended for Criminals" 4205: 4203: 2606: 2317: 2263: 1877: 1853: 1757: 1749: 1580: 1542: 1509: 1489: 1442: 1001: 890:

In January 2022, it was reported that Pegasus was unlawfully used by the

822:

and her immediate family, who accused the former Chief Justice of India,

730:, stated that a Foreign Government was most likely behind the infection. 675: 671: 630: 519: 468: 207: 162: 7995:"Internal Documents Show How Close the F.B.I. Came to Deploying Spyware" 7221:"Phone of top Catalan politician 'targeted by government-grade spyware'" 7164: 7134:"British judge rules dissident can sue Saudi Arabia for Pegasus hacking" 7009:"If Saudi Arabia did hack Jeff Bezos, this is probably how it went down" 4967:"Eleven phones targeted: Of woman who accused ex-CJI of harassment, kin" 2150:

after a leak of 50,000 phone numbers of potential surveillance targets.

1083:

As of 2023, Mexico's spending on Pegasus had totaled over $ 60 million.

381:

malware "believed to be created by NSO Group Technologies" and named it

10133: 10118: 10046: 9786: 9690: 9642: 9618: 9606: 9464: 9389: 9379: 9369: 9354: 9314: 9239: 8870: 8744: 8725: 8698: 8681: 7548:"Princess Latifa campaigner had 'phone compromised by Pegasus spyware'" 6038:"Revealed: murdered journalist's number selected by Mexican NSO client" 4926:, Joanna Slater and Niha Masih, July 20, 2021. Retrieved July 20, 2021. 4212:"Defense Firm Said U.S. Spies Backed Its Bid for Pegasus Spyware Maker" 3912:"Rights groups urge EU to ban NSO over clients' use of Pegasus spyware" 3834:"Pegasus Spyware and Citizen Surveillance: Here's What You Should Know" 3006: 2976: 2748: 2279: 1635: 1422: 993: 961: 857: 837: 471:, in December 2021. According to Google's researchers, Pegasus sent an 343: 243: 27: 8642:

Chawla, Ajay (July 21, 2021). "Pegasus Spyware – 'A Privacy Killer'".

8590: 8574:"Privatized espionage: NSO Group Technologies and its Pegasus spyware" 8573: 7976:"F.B.I. Told Israel It Wanted Pegasus Hacking Tool for Investigations" 7456:"The secret Uganda deal that has brought NSO to the brink of collapse" 6503:"'Polish Watergate': Warsaw accused of using Pegasus to spy on rivals" 5794:"Pegasus spyware: Mexico one of the biggest targets – DW – 07/22/2021" 5533:"Victim's iPhone hacked by Pegasus spyware weeks after Apple sued NSO" 4316: 4200: 3427:"IPhone Users Urged to Update Software After Security Flaws Are Found" 3166:"El controversial pasado de Pegasus en Panamá | la Prensa Panamá" 757:

In February 2023, the independent Russian journalist and Putin critic

10164: 10041: 10005: 9995: 9867: 9684: 9434: 9364: 9304: 8865: 8437: 8040:"Analysis | Biden's spyware executive order gets mostly good reviews" 7204: 5292: 4866: 4455:"Pegasus case: complaints filed in France dismissed, Morocco appeals" 3858: 3358:"Court orders maker of Pegasus spyware to hand over code to WhatsApp" 2266:

like those NSO Group has sold to governments. On 9 January 2023, the

2235: 2132: 1962: 1823: 1166: 830: 608: 535: 430: 377:

In April 2017, after a Lookout report, Google researchers discovered

104: 32: 6731:"Hotel Rwanda activist's daughter placed under Pegasus surveillance" 6410:"Brejza inwigilowany Pegasusem. "PiS posłużył się podłymi metodami"" 6131:"Israeli spyware used to target Moroccan journalist, Amnesty claims" 5884:"Spying by Mexico's Armed Forces Brings Fears of a 'Military State'" 5559:"Two female activists in Bahrain and Jordan hacked with NSO spyware" 4093:"Two female activists in Bahrain and Jordan hacked with NSO spyware" 1537:

Use against Catalan and Basque officials and independence proponents

1461:

message inviting him to a protest at a Saudi embassy in Washington.

10072: 10000: 9985: 9804: 9780: 9654: 9636: 9537: 9459: 9294: 9279: 7508:"UAE targeted Yemen officials with Israeli Pegasus spyware: report" 7085:"I Was Hacked. The Spyware Used Against Me Makes Us All Vulnerable" 5820: 3665: 3099:"How Spy Tech Firms Let Governments See Everything on a Smartphone" 2848: 2813:"Revealed: leak uncovers global abuse of cyber-surveillance weapon" 2383:

Timberg, Craig; Albergotti, Reed; Guéguen, Elodie (July 19, 2021).

2199: 2060: 2054: 1458: 1294: 1108:

Mexican government has repeatedly denied any unauthorized hacking.

1058: 740: 612: 472: 382: 363: 359: 347: 326: 301:, a Saudi human rights activist, in the Saudi Arabian Consulate in 8499: 7815:"Key question for Americans overseas: Can their phones be hacked?" 7677:"Abu Dhabi state funds were used to buy Israeli spyware group NSO" 7616:"Princess Haya: Dubai ruler had ex-wife's phone hacked – UK court" 5631:

Kazakhstan: Activists tracked by Pegasus angered but not surprised

4862:"Pegasus spyware used to 'snoop' on Indian journalists, activists" 4800:"WhatsApp 'hack' is serious rights violation, say alleged victims" 3699:"A Leak Details Apple's Secret Dirt on a Trusted Security Startup" 3244:"'Martinelli pidió disco duro de Pegasus' | la Prensa Panamá" 2303: 1103:

In July 2017, the international team assembled to investigate the

10102: 9975: 9938: 9872: 9851: 9821: 9774: 9756: 9678: 9612: 9309: 9299: 9284: 7361: 6859: 6656:"Lower house sets up investigative commission on Pegasus spyware" 6296:["Gazeta Wyborcza": How Pegasus Was Bought for the CBA]. 4551:(Report). Citizen Lab, University of Toronto. September 13, 2023. 4123:"Bahrain: Devices of three activists hacked with Pegasus spyware" 2479: 2104: 2078: 1920: 1610: 151: 96: 68: 8433:"Why can't Apple spend its way out of security vulnerabilities?" 7897:"Biden's balancing act in the Middle East has a problem: Israel" 6013:"Why Did a Drug Gang Kill 43 Students? Text Messages Hold Clues" 4230:"Pegasus discovered on journalist's phone in Dominican Republic" 3066:"Hacking a Prince, an Emir and a Journalist to Impress a Client" 856:, alleged that the warnings were part of a conspiracy involving 10185: 10077: 10031: 9846: 9660: 9630: 9509: 9494: 9324: 8875: 8559: 8483:"US supreme court lets WhatsApp pursue Pegasus spyware lawsuit" 7310: 6889:"Israeli Software Helped Saudis Spy on Khashoggi, Lawsuit Says" 6765:"Nephew of jailed Hotel Rwanda dissident hacked by NSO spyware" 5906:"He Was Investigating Mexico's Military. Then the Spying Began" 4524:"Hacking Meduza: Pegasus spyware used to target Putin's critic" 4180: 3464: 3396:"Forensic Methodology Report: How to catch NSO Group's Pegasus" 2881: 2739:"Government Hackers Caught Using Unprecedented iPhone Spy Tool" 2233:, rather than being reported back to Apple. Russell Brandom of 1787: 1709: 1497: 1393: 1348: 1324: 1239: 1029: 166: 8502:"Apple fixes flaw exploited by Israeli firm's Pegasus spyware" 8191: 8161: 6982:"Jamal Khashoggi's wife to sue NSO Group over Pegasus spyware" 6851:"APNewsBreak: Undercover agents target cybersecurity watchdog" 6565:"Citizen Lab: Kolejnych dwóch Polaków szpiegowanych Pegasusem" 6443:"Rights group verifies Polish senator was hacked with spyware" 6100:"Report: Slain Mexican journalist's widow targeted by spyware" 4402: 3809:"iShutdown scripts can help detect iOS spyware on your iPhone" 3520: 3518: 2736: 1559:

to compromise the phones of several politicians active in the

1197:

was asked to help with the process of catching Ridouan Taghi.

818:

Eleven phone numbers associated with a female employee of the

761:

had her iPhone infected with Pegasus while located in Berlin.

506:

Human rights group Amnesty International reported in the 2021

9810: 9750: 9720: 6842: 6473:"AP Exclusive: Polish opposition senator hacked with spyware" 6380:"AP Exclusive: Polish opposition duo hacked with NSO spyware" 4674:"Hungarian official: Government bought, used Pegasus spyware" 3703: 2128: 1987: 1831: 1783: 1753: 1719: 1556: 1404: 1358: 480: 371: 355: 351: 255: 247: 8218:"THE PEGASUS PROJECT Live Blog: Major Stories from Partners" 6261:

Kirchgaessner, Stephanie; Safi, Michael (November 8, 2021).

4707:"What is Pegasus and how did it target Indians on WhatsApp?" 3331:"Al Jazeera journalists hacked using Israeli firm's spyware" 2810: 2445: 2225:

In the aftermath of the news, critics asserted that Apple's

10082: 9877: 8391: 7866:"AP Source: NSO Group spyware used to hack State employees" 5994:"Spyware in Mexico Targeted Investigators Seeking Students" 5825: 5505:"Apple issues emergency patch after Pegasus spyware breach" 5417: 5344: 4834: 4566:"Hungary admits to using Pegasus spyware – DW – 11/04/2021" 3515: 2939:

Rodriguez, Rolando B.; Diaz, Juan Manuel (August 7, 2015).

2708:"Pegasus Project: Apple iPhones compromised by NSO spyware" 1948:

as their purported main goal. A document later obtained by

1888:

was suspected of originating the attacks in 2020 and 2021.

1708:

deployed a zero-click iMessage Pegasus exploit against two

1663: 1595: 1492:. On 28 May 2019, the letter of claim was delivered to the 1347:

deployed a zero-click iMessage Pegasus exploit against two

1308: 804:

confirmed to an Indian publication they had been targeted.

501: 484: 449:

Lookout provided details of the three iOS vulnerabilities:

79: 8655:"Israel surveillance exports to survive Pegasus scandal". 7422:"Dalai Lama's inner circle listed in Pegasus project data" 6802:"Saudis' Image Makers: A Troll Army and a Twitter Insider" 6799: 6795: 6793: 6162:"Is Morocco's cyber espionage the last straw for Algeria?" 5306:"Gideon Sa'ar: Reports about NSO, police must be checked." 5075:"India targets Apple over its phone hacking notifications" 3451: 615:(a Shiite Bahraini political society), and members of the 107:

that is designed to be covertly and remotely installed on

9061:

Hollywood Presbyterian Medical Center ransomware incident

8162:"Israel Helped Over Ten Countries Tap Over 50,000 Phones" 7486:"Doha, like Abu Dhabi, also hooked on Israeli technology" 6763:

Kirchgaessner, Stephanie; Taylor, Diane (July 18, 2022).

5987: 5985: 5983: 5619: 3597:"NSO Group Pitched Phone Hacking Tech to American Police" 2513:"NSO Group Pitched Phone Hacking Tech to American Police" 2166: 539: 530:

for their online infrastructure as to avoid conventional

476: 234: 226: 198:

Pegasus' iOS exploitation was identified in August 2016.

112: 52: 8606: 8105:"Senior EU officials were targeted with Israeli spyware" 6595:"Citizen Lab: Dwie kolejne osoby inwigilowane Pegasusem" 5609:

Pegasus: Spyware sold to governments 'targets activists'

3783:"Kaspersky reveals new method to detect Pegasus spyware" 2382: 1250:

and prosecutor Ewa Wrzosek, both critical of the ruling

996:

were targeted, in addition to top-level officials, like

607:

Citizen Lab revealed the government of Bahrain used the

6790: 6011:

Kitroeff, Natalie; Bergman, Ronen (September 2, 2023).

4264:

Patrucic, Pete Jones, Vyacheslav Abramov, and Miranda.

3301:"Al Jazeera journalists 'hacked via NSO Group spyware'" 2700: 1979: 638:

activists remained anonymous, while the other two were

8572:

Kaster, Sean D.; Ensign, Prescott C. (December 2022).

8465:"WhatsApp sues Israeli firm over phone hacking claims" 7219:

Kirchgaessner, Stephanie; Jones, Sam (July 13, 2020).

6624:

Wroński, Paweł; Tynkowski, Marcin (February 7, 2022).

6004: 5980: 4150: 4148: 3564:"What is Pegasus spyware and how does it hack phones?" 2775:"What is Pegasus spyware and how does it hack phones?" 2600:

Marczak, Bill; Scott-Railton, John (August 24, 2016).

2549:"The Battle for the World's Most Powerful Cyberweapon" 1900:, which declined to purchase it due to its high cost. 923:

himself (appointed January 2021), as well as from the

8102:

Satter, Raphael; Bing, Christopher (April 11, 2022).

5161:"Israel police uses NSO's Pegasus to spy on citizens" 5127:"Israel police uses NSO's Pegasus to spy on citizens" 3720:"PEGASUS iOS Kernel Vulnerability Explained – Part 2" 3696: 3323: 2595: 2593: 2448:"U.S. Blacklists Israeli Firm NSO Group Over Spyware" 1837:

In 2022, sources revealed that a unit of Abu Dhabi's

1748:

In August 2021, Amnesty International confirmed that

7993:

Mazzetti, Mark; Bergman, Ronen (November 12, 2022).

7834:

Bing, Christopher; Menn, Joseph (December 3, 2021).

5756:

Kitroeff, Natalie; Bergman, Ronen (April 18, 2023).

5396:— entry on the Ministry of Justice website (Hebrew). 3697:

Franceschi-Bicchierai, Lorenzo (November 21, 2022).

3490: 3030: 3028: 2599: 2355:(First ed.). New York: Henry Holt and Company. 2299: 1791:

safety, but were never out of the reach of Pegasus.

6762: 6694: 6692: 5882:Kitroeff, Natalie; Bergman, Ronen (March 7, 2023). 4145: 3527:"Pegasus: The ultimate spyware for iOS and Android" 2547:Bergman, Ronen; Mazzetti, Mark (January 28, 2022). 238:previously come to light in a leak of records from 8424: 8366: 8103: 7751: 7218: 6294:""Gazeta Wyborcza": Jak kupowano Pegasusa dla CBA" 5904:Kitroeff, Natalie; Bergman, Ronen (May 22, 2023). 3418: 2737:Franceschi-Bicchierai, Lorenzo (August 26, 2016). 2590: 1453:, and writing a book about the Saudi Crown Prince 475:to its targets that contained what appeared to be 282:Nacional (National Security Council) for its use. 8095: 6260: 4328:Bergman, Ronen; Mazzetti, Mark (March 23, 2022). 3493:"An investigation of Chrysaor Malware on Android" 3025: 2672: 2670: 1884:staff had been targeted by Pegasus, and that the 1764:who was being held hostage, and he was assisting 1555:, Pegasus software was used by the government of 538:unique per exploit attempt as well as randomised 518:(PATN) by NSO group, each encompassing up to 500 10227: 8367:Priest, Dana; Timberg, Craig; Mekhennet, Souad. 6689: 6623: 6219:"Algeria cuts diplomatic relations with Morocco" 4210:Mazzetti, Mark; Bergman, Ronen (July 10, 2022). 3060: 2631: 2629: 2220: 2094:Organized Crime and Corruption Reporting Project 1195:General Intelligence and Security Service (AIVD) 1120:Assassination of journalist Cecilio Pineda Birto 728:Finnish Security and Intelligence Service (Supo) 229:. According to their analysis, the software can 9101:Russian interference in the 2016 U.S. elections 7992: 7974:Mazzetti, Mark; Bergman, Ronen (May 12, 2022). 7973: 6324:"Poland admits purchase of Israeli NSO spyware" 6010: 5903: 5881: 5755: 5713:Kirchgaessner, Stephanie (September 25, 2023). 4590:(in Russian). September 4, 2023. Archived from 4481:"German police secretly bought Pegasus spyware" 4327: 4209: 2546: 5850: 5810: 5527: 5525: 5328: 5326: 3356:Kirchgaessner, Stephanie (February 29, 2024). 3128: 3126: 2667: 2409: 1993: 1087:Targeting of scientists and health campaigners 400: 8760: 7757: 6728: 6128: 5916: 5712: 4155:Kirchgaessner, Stephanie (December 6, 2022). 4154: 3749:Beer, Ian; Groß, Samuel (December 15, 2021). 3355: 2938: 2910:"Who are the hackers who cracked the iPhone?" 2844:"Who are the hackers who cracked the iPhone?" 2626: 2350: 8571: 7705: 4704: 4289:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list ( 3457: 3293: 2874: 2835: 1741:, and current Minister of Youth and Sports, 642:and Sharifa Swar (mental health counselor). 173:. Subsequent investigations into Pegasus by 9071:Democratic National Committee cyber attacks 7758:Kirchgaessner, Stephanie (April 18, 2022). 6886: 6291: 5522: 5323: 3123: 3090: 3054: 2473: 2351:Richard, Laurent; Rigaud, Sandrine (2023). 1760:was the lawyer representing Dubai Princess 1712:-based reporters and 36 journalists at the 1369:Pegasus was used by Saudi Arabia to spy on 1351:-based reporters and 36 journalists at the 1129:Targeting of presidential candidate Obrador 938:(the minister responsible for the police), 329:as part of an ongoing lawsuit filed by the 9015:Office of Personnel Management data breach 8767: 8753: 8734:"Global Spyware Scandal: Exposing Pegasus" 8537: 8101: 7453: 6887:Kirkpatrick, David D. (December 2, 2018). 6729:Kirchgaessner, Stephanie (July 19, 2021). 6674: 6129:Kirchgaessner, Stephanie (June 21, 2020). 5654:"Who's on the List? – The Pegasus Project" 5502: 4698: 3390: 3388: 3386: 2806: 2804: 2802: 2568:"May I have a word about… Pegasus spyware" 2376: 1935:In January 2022, it was reported that the 1500:can sue Saudi Arabia for Pegasus hacking. 8697: 8589: 8578:Thunderbird International Business Review 7339:"Pegasus spyware strikes again in Europe" 4705:Bhattacharya, Ananya (October 31, 2019). 4303: 2973:"About the security content of iOS 9.3.5" 597:Radio Liberty/Radio Free Europe (Azadliq) 8774: 7925: 7833: 7454:Srivastava, Mmehul (December 21, 2021). 6917: 3748: 3458:Fox-Brewster, Thomas (August 25, 2016). 3424: 3262: 3096: 2932: 2875:Fox-Brewster, Thomas (August 25, 2016). 1596:Use against Spanish government officials 1565:President of the Parliament of Catalonia 1230:Pegasus licenses were agreed on between 534:. PATN also uses up to three randomised 516:Pegasus Anonymizing Transmission Network 502:Pegasus Anonymizing Transmission Network 270:both reported that it appeared that the 8679: 8430: 7674: 7610: 7592:from the original on September 27, 2021 7306: 7304: 7250: 7248: 7082: 7006: 6198:from the original on September 18, 2021 5899: 5897: 5751: 5749: 5747: 5745: 5743: 5503:Srivastava, Mehul (September 8, 2023). 3940: 3383: 3013:from the original on September 25, 2019 2983:from the original on September 25, 2019 2799: 2565: 1700:In December 2020, it was reported that 1695: 1623:Ministry of Digital Economy and Society 1339:In December 2020, it was reported that 278:from 2012 to 2014, who established the 10228: 8641: 8518: 8445:from the original on December 21, 2016 8037: 7926:Levenson, Michael (January 28, 2022). 7706:Boycott-Owen, Mason (April 18, 2022). 7488:. Intelligence Online. August 26, 2020 7466:from the original on December 28, 2021 7280: 7233:from the original on February 18, 2021 7029: 6848: 6437: 6435: 6292:Bartkiewicz, Artur (January 3, 2022). 6159: 6080:from the original on February 24, 2022 5788: 5786: 5218: 5190: 5188: 5186: 5154: 5152: 4810:from the original on December 22, 2021 4353: 4351: 4349: 4347: 4345: 4343: 4259: 4257: 4255: 4253: 4251: 4133:from the original on February 20, 2022 4013:from the original on November 25, 2021 3983:from the original on November 25, 2021 3953:from the original on November 25, 2021 3763:from the original on December 16, 2021 3642:from the original on December 18, 2021 3097:Perlroth, Nicole (September 2, 2016). 3042:from the original on December 17, 2016 2995: 2868: 2755:from the original on September 3, 2020 2655:from the original on February 19, 2022 2614:from the original on December 17, 2016 1871: 1266:(PO) were uncovered, and confirmed by 629:In February 2022, an investigation by 479:images, but which in fact contained a 280:Consejo de Seguridad Pública y Defensa 8748: 8519:Nellis, Stephen (November 24, 2021). 8397: 8318:from the original on January 26, 2022 8083:from the original on January 30, 2022 8011: 7955:from the original on January 31, 2022 7907:from the original on December 5, 2021 7894: 7876:from the original on February 1, 2022 7846:from the original on December 4, 2021 7795:from the original on February 1, 2022 7656:from the original on October 13, 2021 7336: 7095:from the original on October 31, 2021 7030:Sarkar, Debashis (January 23, 2020). 6899:from the original on December 3, 2018 6867:from the original on January 26, 2019 6830:from the original on November 8, 2018 6675:Scislowska, Monika (March 14, 2024). 6636:from the original on February 8, 2022 6605:from the original on January 25, 2022 6575:from the original on January 25, 2022 6545:from the original on January 25, 2022 6334:from the original on January 10, 2022 6273:from the original on November 8, 2021 6217:Ahmed, Hamid Ould (August 25, 2021). 6216: 6110:from the original on January 30, 2022 5991: 5694:from the original on January 27, 2022 5369:from the original on February 3, 2022 5262:from the original on February 1, 2022 5171:from the original on January 19, 2022 5158: 5137:from the original on January 19, 2022 5119: 4794: 4792: 4747:from the original on November 1, 2020 4654:from the original on January 29, 2022 4624:from the original on January 29, 2022 4560: 4558: 4304:Abi-Habib, Maria (January 13, 2022). 4103:from the original on January 24, 2022 3979:(in Azerbaijani). November 24, 2021. 3922:from the original on January 30, 2022 3892:from the original on January 31, 2022 3717: 3678:from the original on January 30, 2022 3661: 3659: 3657: 3626: 3624: 3622: 3607:from the original on January 30, 2022 3591: 3589: 3558: 3556: 3554: 3552: 3537:from the original on December 4, 2019 3503:from the original on January 30, 2022 2965: 2638:Technical Analysis of Pegasus Spyware 2578:from the original on January 26, 2021 2542: 2540: 2538: 2523:from the original on January 30, 2022 2211: 1898:Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) 1896:NSO Group pitched its spyware to the 1891: 1810:, her solicitors (including baroness 1191:the murder of the lawyer Derk Wiersum 661: 510:that Pegasus employs a sophisticated 8431:Brandom, Russell (August 26, 2016). 8379:from the original on January 2, 2020 7731: 7626:from the original on October 6, 2021 7419: 7301: 7245: 7064:from the original on January 2, 2020 6918:Falconer, Rebecca (March 24, 2019). 6849:Satter, Raphael (January 25, 2019). 6513:from the original on January 6, 2022 6483:from the original on January 7, 2022 6453:from the original on January 6, 2022 6420:from the original on January 6, 2022 6390:from the original on January 6, 2022 6304:from the original on January 7, 2022 6168:from the original on October 1, 2021 6160:Cheref, Abdelkader (July 29, 2021). 5894: 5740: 5664:from the original on January 8, 2022 4263: 4073:from the original on January 2, 2020 4043:from the original on January 2, 2020 4007:«Ազատ Եվրոպա/Ազատություն» ռադիոկայան 3947:«Ազատ Եվրոպա/Ազատություն» ռադիոկայան 3941:Խուլյան, Արտակ (November 25, 2021). 3730:from the original on August 31, 2019 3524: 3425:Perlroth, Nicole (August 25, 2016). 3268: 2941:"Abren sumario en caso Hacking Team" 2889:from the original on August 26, 2016 2730: 2427:from the original on August 23, 2020 791:Pegasus Project revelations in India 724:Finnish Ministry for Foreign Affairs 545: 336: 9066:Commission on Elections data breach 8412:from the original on April 18, 2019 8288:from the original on August 2, 2021 8112:from the original on April 13, 2022 8012:House, The White (March 27, 2023). 7514:from the original on August 6, 2021 6962:from the original on March 21, 2022 6930:from the original on March 25, 2019 6911: 6432: 5851:Bergman, Ronen (January 11, 2019). 5783: 5249: 5183: 5149: 4340: 4248: 3973:"Apple NSO Group-u məhkəməyə verir" 3718:Esser, Stefan (September 5, 2016). 3337:from the original on March 10, 2021 3281:from the original on April 19, 2019 2953:from the original on March 28, 2019 2907: 2901: 2841: 2510: 2492:from the original on April 18, 2023 1942:United States Department of Justice 1437:Targeting of journalist Ben Hubbard 467:documented another exploit, dubbed 13: 10246:Android (operating system) malware 8348:from the original on July 18, 2021 8258:from the original on July 20, 2021 8228:from the original on July 21, 2021 8198:from the original on July 18, 2021 8172:from the original on July 19, 2021 8142:from the original on July 21, 2021 7895:Toosi, Nahal (November 19, 2021). 7687:from the original on April 5, 2022 7007:Burgess, Matt (January 23, 2020). 6710:from the original on April 6, 2022 6141:from the original on July 30, 2020 6048:from the original on July 19, 2021 5863:from the original on July 27, 2019 5832:from the original on July 25, 2019 5231:from the original on July 31, 2023 5037:from the original on July 21, 2021 5007:from the original on July 21, 2021 4977:from the original on July 21, 2021 4947:from the original on July 21, 2021 4894:from the original on July 19, 2021 4842:from the original on July 19, 2021 4789: 4717:from the original on June 28, 2021 4682:. November 4, 2021. Archived from 4555: 4403:"Finnish diplomats' phones hacked" 3654: 3619: 3586: 3574:from the original on July 19, 2021 3549: 3406:from the original on July 19, 2021 3311:from the original on March 9, 2021 3250:from the original on July 24, 2021 3224:from the original on July 24, 2021 3198:from the original on July 24, 2021 3172:from the original on July 24, 2021 2920:from the original on July 30, 2019 2856:from the original on July 19, 2018 2823:from the original on July 19, 2021 2787:from the original on July 19, 2021 2718:from the original on July 19, 2021 2688:from the original on July 19, 2021 2566:Bouquet, Jonathan (May 19, 2019). 2535: 2397:from the original on July 19, 2021 2344: 2268:Supreme Court of the United States 2146:that killed more than 200 people. 2018: 1913:Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action 1161:In June 2020, an investigation by 915:, the son of then-Prime Minister, 444: 14: 10287: 9226:Jeff Bezos phone hacking incident 8553: 7083:Hubbard, Ben (October 24, 2021). 5968:from the original on May 31, 2019 5937:from the original on May 31, 2019 5219:Cahane, Amir (January 27, 2022). 5159:Ganon, Tomer (January 18, 2022). 4777:from the original on May 27, 2021 3472:from the original on May 29, 2019 3439:from the original on May 29, 2019 3146:from the original on May 25, 2019 3111:from the original on May 14, 2019 3078:from the original on May 24, 2019 3064:; Ahmed, Azam (August 31, 2018). 1998: 1547:According to an investigation by 1417:Jeff Bezos phone hacking incident 1396:for a $ 55 million Pegasus sale. 1189:, a high-profile criminal. After 1165:alleged that Moroccan journalist 423:By 2020, Pegasus shifted towards 10256:Espionage scandals and incidents 9799:Microarchitectural Data Sampling 9035:Ukrainian Power Grid Cyberattack 8943:Cyberterrorism attack of June 25 8558: 8531: 8512: 8493: 8475: 8457: 8360: 8330: 8300: 8270: 8240: 8210: 8184: 8154: 8124: 8065: 8031: 8005: 7986: 7967: 7938: 7919: 7888: 7858: 7827: 7807: 7777: 7725: 7699: 7668: 7638: 7604: 7574: 7554: 7540: 7526: 7500: 7478: 7447: 7413: 7395: 7369: 7349: 7330: 7281:Aduriz, Iñigo (April 19, 2022). 7274: 7212: 7192: 7172: 7152: 7126: 7107: 7076: 7046: 7023: 7000: 6974: 6942: 6880: 6812: 6756: 6722: 6668: 6648: 6617: 6587: 6557: 6525: 6495: 6465: 6402: 6372: 6346: 6316: 6285: 6254: 6236: 6210: 6180: 6153: 6122: 6092: 6060: 6030: 5949: 5875: 5844: 5804: 5706: 5676: 5646: 5624: 5602: 5577: 5551: 5496: 5472: 5448: 5424: 5399: 5381: 5351: 5299: 2302: 1786:, who died in a car accident in 1756:. At the time of the infection, 1690:2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine 1484:In June 2018, a Saudi satirist, 1421:Pegasus was also used to spy on 1023:In February 2023, the iPhone of 9147:2017 Ukraine ransomware attacks 8984:2014 JPMorgan Chase data breach 7510:. Daily Sabah. August 4, 2021. 7420:Safi, Michael (July 22, 2021). 6541:(in Polish). January 13, 2022. 5274: 5243: 5212: 5093: 5067: 5049: 5019: 4989: 4959: 4929: 4906: 4874: 4854: 4822: 4759: 4729: 4666: 4636: 4606: 4576: 4541: 4516: 4491: 4473: 4447: 4421: 4395: 4376: 4297: 4222: 4174: 4115: 4085: 4055: 4025: 3995: 3965: 3934: 3904: 3874: 3851: 3826: 3801: 3775: 3742: 3711: 3690: 3484: 3349: 3236: 3210: 3184: 3158: 2767: 2025:Pegasus Project (investigation) 1937:Federal Bureau of Investigation 1880:released a report stating that 1778:reported that the telephone of 1762:Latifa bint Mohammed Al Maktoum 1519: 1334: 617:Bahrain Center for Human Rights 565:Pegasus Project (investigation) 8979:2014 celebrity nude photo leak 8686:Swiss Political Science Review 8538:Lemonde.fr (August 30, 2024). 8398:Tynan, Dan (August 25, 2016). 8038:Starks, Tim (March 28, 2023). 7732:Bird, Steve (April 23, 2022). 4461:(in French). February 18, 2023 4009:(in Armenian). July 20, 2021. 3789:(in Spanish). January 16, 2024 3525:Snow, John (August 17, 2017). 3269:Boot, Max (December 5, 2018). 2559: 2504: 2439: 1800:Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktoum 1180: 693: 483:image. A vulnerability in the 1: 9216:Bulgarian revenue agency hack 8994:Russian hacker password theft 5992:Ahmed, Azam (July 10, 2017). 5640:, Almaz Kumenov Jul 21, 2021 3192:"¿Qué es el sistema Pegasus?" 2908:Lee, Dave (August 26, 2016). 2842:Lee, Dave (August 26, 2016). 2370: 2247: 2221:Bug-bounty program skepticism 2005:European Justice Commissioner 1847:women of Dubai's royal family 1806:the phones of his (ex)-wife, 1794:In October 2021, the British 1561:Catalan independence movement 1433:vulnerabilities in WhatsApp. 1061:. In 2011, Mexican President 987: 872:The phone of Iraqi President 666:In 2023, an investigation by 590: 558: 285: 250:was released six days later. 184: 9350:Bangladesh Black Hat Hackers 8826:(publication of 2009 events) 8680:Leander, Anna (March 2021). 8617:10.1109/CSCI54926.2021.00188 7675:Wiggins, Kaye (April 2022). 6826:. Toronto. October 1, 2018. 5165:CTECH - www.calcalistech.com 3038:. Lookout. August 25, 2016. 2511:Cox, Joseph (May 12, 2020). 2206: 1477:in Canada was identified by 1213: 193: 16:Israeli mobile phone spyware 7: 10276:Products introduced in 2016 10266:Spyware used by governments 9211:Baltimore ransomware attack 7337:Barry, Orla (May 5, 2022). 7262:(in Basque). April 19, 2022 2678:"About The Pegasus Project" 2295: 2252: 1994:International organizations 1905:San Diego Police Department 1839:Mubadala Investment Company 1616: 1570:, and former member of the 1503: 1138:Use by Mexican drug cartels 1105:2014 Iguala mass kidnapping 1099:2014 Iguala mass kidnapping 1074:Andrés Manuel López Obrador 936:Minister of Public Security 845:"algorithmic malfunction". 656:Central Intelligence Agency 649: 401:Development of capabilities 233:an iPhone when a malicious 121:Israeli Ministry of Defense 10: 10292: 9485:Tailored Access Operations 9132:WannaCry ransomware attack 9025:Ashley Madison data breach 8969:Anthem medical data breach 8886:PlayStation network outage 4392:, 28/01/2022, euronews.com 2118:, Direkt36 (Hungary), and 2022: 1808:Princess Haya bint Hussein 1766:Princess Haya bint Hussein 1737:, former Foreign Minister 1682: 1674:It has been reported that 1540: 1414: 1307:In January 2024, Poland's 1153: 788: 764: 748: 717: 705: 602: 577: 562: 319:The Hidden is More Immense 10173: 10157: 10111: 10055: 10024: 9968: 9947: 9901: 9860: 9829: 9820: 9591: 9508: 9338: 9238: 9221:WhatsApp snooping scandal 9198: 9172: 9114: 9086:Indian Bank data breaches 9048: 9007: 8961: 8925: 8899: 8853: 8816: 8809: 8780: 7383:(in Spanish). May 2, 2022 7119:November 8, 2018, at the 6250:(in Dutch). June 2, 2022. 5636:January 21, 2022, at the 5484:February 8, 2022, at the 5460:February 7, 2022, at the 5436:February 7, 2022, at the 5411:February 1, 2022, at the 5392:January 28, 2022, at the 5338:January 21, 2022, at the 5311:January 20, 2022, at the 5286:January 28, 2022, at the 5200:January 28, 2022, at the 4918:December 6, 2021, at the 4388:January 28, 2022, at the 2286: 1982:independent investigator 1978:The forensic analysis of 1961:In March 2023, President 1669: 1654:A joint investigation by 1609:denied yet attributed to 1318: 1293:of the agrarian movement 1225: 1200: 1045: 1015: 967: 880: 795:WhatsApp snooping scandal 733: 99:developed by the Israeli 74: 62: 46: 38: 26: 9763:Speculative Store Bypass 9330:Ukrainian Cyber Alliance 9127:2017 Macron e-mail leaks 8657:Emerald Expert Briefings 5614:January 2, 2020, at the 2333:List of spyware programs 2273: 2159:organizations including 1973: 1930:transnational repression 1782:, executive director of 1629: 1531: 1524:South African president 1514:Voice – Social Democracy 925:Minister of the Interior 784: 681: 9137:Westminster data breach 9056:Bangladesh Bank robbery 8999:2014 Yahoo! data breach 8989:2014 Sony Pictures hack 8948:2013 Yahoo! data breach 8933:South Korea cyberattack 8835:Operation Olympic Games 8830:Australian cyberattacks 3497:Android Developers Blog 2946:La Prensa (Panama City) 2188:The Wall Street Journal 1822:On 7 October 2021, the 1649: 1634:Senior advisers of the 1572:Parliament of Catalonia 1494:Saudi embassy in London 1411:Targeting of Jeff Bezos 1323:Political activists in 955:State Attorney's Office 867: 799:In late 2019, Facebook 9480:Syrian Electronic Army 9190:SingHealth data breach 8953:Singapore cyberattacks 8891:RSA SecurID compromise 7791:. September 11, 2019. 7588:. September 24, 2021. 1772:On 24 September 2021, 1739:Abdulmalik Al-Mekhlafi 1735:Ahmed Obaid Bin Dagher 1718:television network in 1479:McKinsey & Company 1445:correspondent for the 1375:assassinated in Turkey 1357:television network in 1069:of them were Mexican. 934:Later in the day, the 820:Supreme Court of India 202:human rights defender 154:, the winged horse of 9769:Lazy FP state restore 9553:Kristoffer von Hassel 9206:Sri Lanka cyberattack 9076:Vietnam Airport Hacks 8917:Operation High Roller 8718:University of Toronto 8665:10.1108/OXAN-DB263067 8567:at Wikimedia Commons 8342:Amnesty International 8079:. December 20, 2021. 6479:. December 23, 2021. 6386:. December 20, 2021. 5853:"Weaving a cyber web" 5688:Amnesty International 5256:www.timesofisrael.com 4743:. November 19, 2019. 4594:on September 14, 2023 4234:Amnesty International 4129:. February 18, 2022. 4127:Amnesty International 3863:, MVT, April 29, 2024 3307:. December 21, 2020. 3062:Kirkpatrick, David D. 2712:Amnesty International 2278:On 23 November 2021, 2152:Amnesty International 2144:2020 Beirut explosion 2127:French intelligence ( 2036:Amnesty International 1925:U.S. State Department 1798:ruled that agents of 1731:Abdrabbuh Mansur Hadi 1604:and Defense Minister 1575:Anna Gabriel i Sabaté 1268:Amnesty International 1163:Amnesty International 998:Kassym-Jomart Tokayev 901:Commission of inquiry 668:Amnesty International 635:Amnesty International 489:computer architecture 465:Google's Project Zero 312:In December 2020, an 212:University of Toronto 175:Amnesty International 171:human rights activist 136:reading text messages 10236:Hacking in the 2010s 9715:Silent Bob is Silent 8775:Hacking in the 2010s 8611:. pp. 747–752. 8314:. January 26, 2022. 7951:. January 28, 2022. 7872:. December 3, 2021. 7208:. September 4, 2024. 7188:. September 4, 2024. 7185:The Slovak Spectator 7168:. September 4, 2024. 7060:. October 24, 2021. 6988:. September 22, 2022 6076:. December 7, 2020. 5814:(January 10, 2019). 5690:. December 9, 2021. 5365:. January 20, 2022. 5133:. January 18, 2022. 4806:. November 1, 2019. 4487:. September 7, 2021. 4099:. January 17, 2022. 3918:. December 3, 2021. 3168:. October 31, 2019. 2644:(Technical report). 2257:On 20 October 2019, 1946:counter-intelligence 1886:United Arab Emirates 1706:United Arab Emirates 1696:United Arab Emirates 1473:Another Saudi exile 1385:In December 2018, a 1345:United Arab Emirates 1302:Supreme Audit Office 1291:Michał Kołodziejczak 1276:Polish parliamentary 1262:from the opposition 1220:Front Line Defenders 1205:President of Panama 1094:Mexico's "Soda Tax." 1006:Bakytzhan Sagintayev 979:In February 2024, a 847:Minister of Commerce 722:In January 2022 the 272:United Arab Emirates 144:collecting passwords 9649:SS7 vulnerabilities 9185:Atlanta cyberattack 9154:Equifax data breach 8912:Stratfor email leak 8861:Canadian government 8840:Operation ShadowNet 8471:. October 30, 2019. 8373:The Washington Post 7820:The Washington Post 7681:The Financial Times 7652:. October 7, 2021. 7614:(October 6, 2021). 7567:The Washington Post 6664:. January 18, 2024. 6661:Polish Press Agency 6509:. January 5, 2022. 6449:. January 6, 2022. 6330:. January 7, 2022. 5493:, February 8, 2022. 5490:The Times of Israel 5469:, February 7, 2022. 5466:The Times of Israel 5445:, February 7, 2022. 5442:The Times of Israel 5421:. February 1, 2022. 5363:The Times of Israel 5348:, January 21, 2022. 5320:, January 19, 2022. 5296:, January 20, 2022. 5209:, January 20, 2022. 5206:The Times of Israel 5081:. December 28, 2023 4924:The Washington Post 4686:on November 8, 2021 4069:. August 24, 2021. 4039:. August 24, 2021. 3756:Google Project Zero 3636:The Washington Post 3275:The Washington Post 3142:. August 31, 2018. 3139:The Times of Israel 3009:September 1, 2016. 2648:. August 25, 2016. 2390:The Washington Post 2073:The Washington Post 2067:Süddeutsche Zeitung 2012:European Commission 1872:United Kingdom (UK) 1843:private equity fund 1830:'s High Court that 1676:Muhoozi Kainerugaba 1455:Mohammed bin Salman 1427:Mohammed bin Salman 1170:in September 2019. 960:In September 2023, 951:Ministry of Justice 585:Vahagn Khachaturyan 512:command-and-control 425:zero-click exploits 316:investigative show 294:The Washington Post 267:The Times of Israel 258:" (released 2013). 225:vulnerabilities in 23: 10271:Israeli inventions 10098:Petya and NotPetya 9727:ROCA vulnerability 9490:The Shadow Brokers 9416:Iranian Cyber Army 9342:persistent threats 9142:Petya and NotPetya 9106:2016 Bitfinex hack 9081:DCCC cyber attacks 9040:SWIFT banking hack 8740:. January 3, 2023. 8699:10.1111/spsr.12441 8489:. January 9, 2023. 8284:. August 2, 2021. 8252:m.calcalistech.com 7999:The New York Times 7980:The New York Times 7932:The New York Times 7089:The New York Times 6893:The New York Times 6877:Updated January 26 6806:The New York Times 6706:. August 3, 2020. 6106:. March 20, 2019. 6017:The New York Times 5998:The New York Times 5910:The New York Times 5888:The New York Times 5762:The New York Times 5565:. January 17, 2022 5317:The Jerusalem Post 5250:Bachner, Michael. 4971:The Indian Express 4887:The Indian Express 4409:. January 30, 2022 4334:The New York Times 4310:The New York Times 4216:The New York Times 3432:The New York Times 3104:The New York Times 3071:The New York Times 2553:The New York Times 2452:The New York Times 2212:NSO Group response 2182:The New York Times 2140:Human Rights Watch 2084:Aristegui Noticias 1951:The New York Times 1892:United States (US) 1313:Jarosław Kaczyński 1232:Benjamin Netanyahu 1207:Ricardo Martinelli 917:Benjamin Netanyahu 886:Israeli police use 777:In November 2021, 769:The government of 662:Dominican Republic 654:In 2018, the U.S. 305:, Saudi dissident 276:Ricardo Martinelli 261:The New York Times 216:social engineering 21: 10223: 10222: 10219: 10218: 10211:ZeroAccess botnet 9523:Mustafa Al-Bassam 9290:New World Hackers 9253:associated events 9234: 9233: 9030:VTech data breach 8881:Operation AntiSec 8845:Operation Payback 8804: 8803: 8626:978-1-6654-5841-2 8591:10.1002/tie.22321 8565:Pegasus (spyware) 8563:Media related to 8545:dangereux. » 8344:. July 18, 2021. 8168:. July 18, 2021. 7550:. August 2, 2021. 7536:. August 6, 2021. 7140:. August 19, 2022 7042:on July 20, 2021. 7019:on July 20, 2021. 6958:. July 18, 2021. 6856:The Seattle Times 6044:. July 18, 2021. 4973:. July 20, 2021. 4890:. July 19, 2021. 4650:. July 18, 2021. 4620:. July 18, 2021. 4572:. April 11, 2021. 3787:www.kaspersky.com 3570:. July 18, 2021. 3402:. July 18, 2021. 3220:. July 19, 2021. 2979:August 25, 2016. 2783:. July 18, 2021. 2714:. July 19, 2021. 2684:. July 18, 2021. 2682:Forbidden Stories 2310:Technology portal 2076:(United States), 2032:Forbidden Stories 1923:of at least nine 1882:10 Downing Street 1644:Indian government 1329:Paul Rusesabagina 1300:According to the 1270:. Leading to the 1078:Alejandro Encinas 1050:According to the 947:Matanyahu Englman 944:State Comptroller 836:In October 2023, 698:In January 2022, 640:Mohammed al-Tajer 546:Detecting Pegasus 532:internet scanning 337:Technical details 148:location tracking 90: 89: 10283: 10241:Malware toolkits 9827: 9826: 9500:Yemen Cyber Army 8824:Operation Aurora 8814: 8813: 8783: 8782: 8769: 8762: 8755: 8746: 8745: 8741: 8729: 8711: 8701: 8676: 8651: 8638: 8603: 8593: 8562: 8548: 8547: 8535: 8529: 8528: 8516: 8510: 8509: 8497: 8491: 8490: 8479: 8473: 8472: 8461: 8455: 8454: 8452: 8450: 8428: 8422: 8421: 8419: 8417: 8395: 8389: 8388: 8386: 8384: 8364: 8358: 8357: 8355: 8353: 8334: 8328: 8327: 8325: 8323: 8304: 8298: 8297: 8295: 8293: 8274: 8268: 8267: 8265: 8263: 8244: 8238: 8237: 8235: 8233: 8214: 8208: 8207: 8205: 8203: 8194:(in Hungarian). 8188: 8182: 8181: 8179: 8177: 8158: 8152: 8151: 8149: 8147: 8128: 8122: 8121: 8119: 8117: 8107: 8099: 8093: 8092: 8090: 8088: 8069: 8063: 8062: 8060: 8058: 8035: 8029: 8028: 8026: 8024: 8009: 8003: 8002: 7990: 7984: 7983: 7971: 7965: 7964: 7962: 7960: 7942: 7936: 7935: 7923: 7917: 7916: 7914: 7912: 7892: 7886: 7885: 7883: 7881: 7862: 7856: 7855: 7853: 7851: 7831: 7825: 7824: 7811: 7805: 7804: 7802: 7800: 7781: 7775: 7774: 7772: 7770: 7755: 7749: 7748: 7746: 7744: 7729: 7723: 7722: 7720: 7718: 7703: 7697: 7696: 7694: 7692: 7672: 7666: 7665: 7663: 7661: 7642: 7636: 7635: 7633: 7631: 7608: 7602: 7601: 7599: 7597: 7578: 7572: 7571: 7558: 7552: 7551: 7544: 7538: 7537: 7530: 7524: 7523: 7521: 7519: 7504: 7498: 7497: 7495: 7493: 7482: 7476: 7475: 7473: 7471: 7451: 7445: 7444: 7442: 7440: 7417: 7411: 7410: 7409:. July 18, 2022. 7399: 7393: 7392: 7390: 7388: 7373: 7367: 7366: 7353: 7347: 7346: 7334: 7328: 7327: 7325: 7323: 7308: 7299: 7298: 7296: 7294: 7278: 7272: 7271: 7269: 7267: 7252: 7243: 7242: 7240: 7238: 7216: 7210: 7209: 7196: 7190: 7189: 7176: 7170: 7169: 7156: 7150: 7149: 7147: 7145: 7130: 7124: 7111: 7105: 7104: 7102: 7100: 7080: 7074: 7073: 7071: 7069: 7050: 7044: 7043: 7038:. Archived from 7027: 7021: 7020: 7015:. Archived from 7004: 6998: 6997: 6995: 6993: 6978: 6972: 6971: 6969: 6967: 6946: 6940: 6939: 6937: 6935: 6915: 6909: 6908: 6906: 6904: 6884: 6878: 6876: 6874: 6872: 6846: 6840: 6839: 6837: 6835: 6816: 6810: 6809: 6797: 6788: 6787: 6785: 6783: 6760: 6754: 6753: 6751: 6749: 6726: 6720: 6719: 6717: 6715: 6696: 6687: 6686: 6682:Associated Press 6672: 6666: 6665: 6652: 6646: 6645: 6643: 6641: 6621: 6615: 6614: 6612: 6610: 6591: 6585: 6584: 6582: 6580: 6561: 6555: 6554: 6552: 6550: 6529: 6523: 6522: 6520: 6518: 6499: 6493: 6492: 6490: 6488: 6469: 6463: 6462: 6460: 6458: 6439: 6430: 6429: 6427: 6425: 6406: 6400: 6399: 6397: 6395: 6376: 6370: 6369: 6367: 6365: 6360:. April 24, 2024 6350: 6344: 6343: 6341: 6339: 6320: 6314: 6313: 6311: 6309: 6289: 6283: 6282: 6280: 6278: 6258: 6252: 6251: 6240: 6234: 6233: 6231: 6229: 6214: 6208: 6207: 6205: 6203: 6184: 6178: 6177: 6175: 6173: 6157: 6151: 6150: 6148: 6146: 6126: 6120: 6119: 6117: 6115: 6096: 6090: 6089: 6087: 6085: 6064: 6058: 6057: 6055: 6053: 6034: 6028: 6027: 6025: 6023: 6008: 6002: 6001: 5989: 5978: 5977: 5975: 5973: 5953: 5947: 5946: 5944: 5942: 5920: 5914: 5913: 5901: 5892: 5891: 5879: 5873: 5872: 5870: 5868: 5848: 5842: 5841: 5839: 5837: 5808: 5802: 5801: 5800:. July 22, 2021. 5790: 5781: 5780: 5778: 5776: 5753: 5738: 5737: 5735: 5733: 5710: 5704: 5703: 5701: 5699: 5680: 5674: 5673: 5671: 5669: 5650: 5644: 5628: 5622: 5618:, 19 July 2021, 5606: 5600: 5599: 5597: 5595: 5581: 5575: 5574: 5572: 5570: 5555: 5549: 5548: 5546: 5544: 5529: 5520: 5519: 5517: 5515: 5500: 5494: 5476: 5470: 5452: 5446: 5428: 5422: 5403: 5397: 5385: 5379: 5378: 5376: 5374: 5355: 5349: 5330: 5321: 5303: 5297: 5278: 5272: 5271: 5269: 5267: 5247: 5241: 5240: 5238: 5236: 5216: 5210: 5192: 5181: 5180: 5178: 5176: 5156: 5147: 5146: 5144: 5142: 5123: 5117: 5116: 5114: 5112: 5097: 5091: 5090: 5088: 5086: 5071: 5065: 5064: 5063:. July 20, 2021. 5053: 5047: 5046: 5044: 5042: 5023: 5017: 5016: 5014: 5012: 4993: 4987: 4986: 4984: 4982: 4963: 4957: 4956: 4954: 4952: 4933: 4927: 4910: 4904: 4903: 4901: 4899: 4878: 4872: 4871: 4870:. July 18, 2021. 4858: 4852: 4851: 4849: 4847: 4826: 4820: 4819: 4817: 4815: 4796: 4787: 4786: 4784: 4782: 4763: 4757: 4756: 4754: 4752: 4733: 4727: 4726: 4724: 4722: 4702: 4696: 4695: 4693: 4691: 4679:Associated Press 4670: 4664: 4663: 4661: 4659: 4640: 4634: 4633: 4631: 4629: 4610: 4604: 4603: 4601: 4599: 4580: 4574: 4573: 4562: 4553: 4552: 4545: 4539: 4538: 4536: 4534: 4520: 4514: 4513: 4511: 4509: 4495: 4489: 4488: 4477: 4471: 4470: 4468: 4466: 4451: 4445: 4444: 4442: 4440: 4425: 4419: 4418: 4416: 4414: 4399: 4393: 4380: 4374: 4373: 4371: 4369: 4355: 4338: 4337: 4325: 4314: 4313: 4301: 4295: 4294: 4288: 4280: 4278: 4276: 4261: 4246: 4245: 4243: 4241: 4226: 4220: 4219: 4207: 4198: 4197: 4195: 4193: 4178: 4172: 4171: 4169: 4167: 4152: 4143: 4142: 4140: 4138: 4119: 4113: 4112: 4110: 4108: 4089: 4083: 4082: 4080: 4078: 4059: 4053: 4052: 4050: 4048: 4029: 4023: 4022: 4020: 4018: 3999: 3993: 3992: 3990: 3988: 3969: 3963: 3962: 3960: 3958: 3938: 3932: 3931: 3929: 3927: 3908: 3902: 3901: 3899: 3897: 3878: 3872: 3871: 3870: 3868: 3855: 3849: 3848: 3846: 3844: 3830: 3824: 3823: 3821: 3819: 3813:BleepingComputer 3805: 3799: 3798: 3796: 3794: 3779: 3773: 3772: 3770: 3768: 3746: 3740: 3739: 3737: 3735: 3724:SektionEins GmbH 3715: 3709: 3708: 3694: 3688: 3687: 3685: 3683: 3663: 3652: 3651: 3649: 3647: 3628: 3617: 3616: 3614: 3612: 3603:. May 12, 2020. 3593: 3584: 3583: 3581: 3579: 3560: 3547: 3546: 3544: 3542: 3522: 3513: 3512: 3510: 3508: 3488: 3482: 3481: 3479: 3477: 3455: 3449: 3448: 3446: 3444: 3422: 3416: 3415: 3413: 3411: 3392: 3381: 3380: 3378: 3376: 3353: 3347: 3346: 3344: 3342: 3327: 3321: 3320: 3318: 3316: 3297: 3291: 3290: 3288: 3286: 3266: 3260: 3259: 3257: 3255: 3246:. June 8, 2019. 3240: 3234: 3233: 3231: 3229: 3214: 3208: 3207: 3205: 3203: 3188: 3182: 3181: 3179: 3177: 3162: 3156: 3155: 3153: 3151: 3130: 3121: 3120: 3118: 3116: 3094: 3088: 3087: 3085: 3083: 3058: 3052: 3051: 3049: 3047: 3032: 3023: 3022: 3020: 3018: 2999: 2993: 2992: 2990: 2988: 2969: 2963: 2962: 2960: 2958: 2936: 2930: 2929: 2927: 2925: 2905: 2899: 2898: 2896: 2894: 2872: 2866: 2865: 2863: 2861: 2839: 2833: 2832: 2830: 2828: 2808: 2797: 2796: 2794: 2792: 2771: 2765: 2764: 2762: 2760: 2734: 2728: 2727: 2725: 2723: 2704: 2698: 2697: 2695: 2693: 2674: 2665: 2664: 2662: 2660: 2654: 2643: 2633: 2624: 2623: 2621: 2619: 2597: 2588: 2587: 2585: 2583: 2563: 2557: 2556: 2544: 2533: 2532: 2530: 2528: 2508: 2502: 2501: 2499: 2497: 2477: 2471: 2470: 2468: 2466: 2443: 2437: 2436: 2434: 2432: 2413: 2407: 2406: 2404: 2402: 2380: 2366: 2337:RCSAndroid from 2323:Hermit (spyware) 2312: 2307: 2306: 2177:Associated Press 1852:A report by the 1812:Fiona Shackleton 1802:used Pegasus to 1640:Gyalwang Karmapa 1606:Margarita Robles 1486:Ghanem Almasarir 1373:, who was later 1282:, and used in a 1256:Krzysztof Brejza 1113:Guerreros Unidos 1025:Galina Timchenko 905:Attorney General 801:initiated a suit 759:Galina Timchenko 688:Mostafa Madbouly 624:Ebtisam al-Saegh 303:Istanbul, Turkey 86: 83: 81: 48:Operating system 24: 20: 10291: 10290: 10286: 10285: 10284: 10282: 10281: 10280: 10226: 10225: 10224: 10215: 10169: 10153: 10107: 10051: 10020: 9964: 9943: 9897: 9856: 9816: 9596: 9594:vulnerabilities 9587: 9504: 9397:(confederation) 9360:Charming Kitten 9341: 9334: 9270:Goatse Security 9230: 9194: 9168: 9159:Deloitte breach 9110: 9096:Dyn cyberattack 9044: 9003: 8974:Operation Tovar 8957: 8921: 8895: 8849: 8810:Major incidents 8805: 8776: 8773: 8732: 8654: 8627: 8556: 8551: 8536: 8532: 8517: 8513: 8498: 8494: 8481: 8480: 8476: 8463: 8462: 8458: 8448: 8446: 8429: 8425: 8415: 8413: 8396: 8392: 8382: 8380: 8365: 8361: 8351: 8349: 8336: 8335: 8331: 8321: 8319: 8306: 8305: 8301: 8291: 8289: 8276: 8275: 8271: 8261: 8259: 8246: 8245: 8241: 8231: 8229: 8216: 8215: 8211: 8201: 8199: 8190: 8189: 8185: 8175: 8173: 8160: 8159: 8155: 8145: 8143: 8130: 8129: 8125: 8115: 8113: 8100: 8096: 8086: 8084: 8071: 8070: 8066: 8056: 8054: 8044:Washington Post 8036: 8032: 8022: 8020: 8018:The White House 8010: 8006: 7991: 7987: 7972: 7968: 7958: 7956: 7944: 7943: 7939: 7924: 7920: 7910: 7908: 7893: 7889: 7879: 7877: 7864: 7863: 7859: 7849: 7847: 7832: 7828: 7813: 7812: 7808: 7798: 7796: 7783: 7782: 7778: 7768: 7766: 7756: 7752: 7742: 7740: 7730: 7726: 7716: 7714: 7704: 7700: 7690: 7688: 7673: 7669: 7659: 7657: 7644: 7643: 7639: 7629: 7627: 7609: 7605: 7595: 7593: 7580: 7579: 7575: 7560: 7559: 7555: 7546: 7545: 7541: 7532: 7531: 7527: 7517: 7515: 7506: 7505: 7501: 7491: 7489: 7484: 7483: 7479: 7469: 7467: 7452: 7448: 7438: 7436: 7418: 7414: 7401: 7400: 7396: 7386: 7384: 7375: 7374: 7370: 7355: 7354: 7350: 7335: 7331: 7321: 7319: 7317:The Citizen Lab 7309: 7302: 7292: 7290: 7279: 7275: 7265: 7263: 7254: 7253: 7246: 7236: 7234: 7217: 7213: 7198: 7197: 7193: 7178: 7177: 7173: 7158: 7157: 7153: 7143: 7141: 7132: 7131: 7127: 7121:Wayback Machine 7112: 7108: 7098: 7096: 7081: 7077: 7067: 7065: 7058:The Citizen Lab 7052: 7051: 7047: 7028: 7024: 7005: 7001: 6991: 6989: 6980: 6979: 6975: 6965: 6963: 6955:TheGuardian.com 6948: 6947: 6943: 6933: 6931: 6916: 6912: 6902: 6900: 6885: 6881: 6870: 6868: 6847: 6843: 6833: 6831: 6824:The Citizen Lab 6818: 6817: 6813: 6798: 6791: 6781: 6779: 6761: 6757: 6747: 6745: 6727: 6723: 6713: 6711: 6698: 6697: 6690: 6673: 6669: 6654: 6653: 6649: 6639: 6637: 6630:Gazeta Wyborcza 6622: 6618: 6608: 6606: 6593: 6592: 6588: 6578: 6576: 6563: 6562: 6558: 6548: 6546: 6531: 6530: 6526: 6516: 6514: 6501: 6500: 6496: 6486: 6484: 6471: 6470: 6466: 6456: 6454: 6441: 6440: 6433: 6423: 6421: 6408: 6407: 6403: 6393: 6391: 6378: 6377: 6373: 6363: 6361: 6352: 6351: 6347: 6337: 6335: 6322: 6321: 6317: 6307: 6305: 6290: 6286: 6276: 6274: 6259: 6255: 6242: 6241: 6237: 6227: 6225: 6215: 6211: 6201: 6199: 6192:Middle East Eye 6186: 6185: 6181: 6171: 6169: 6158: 6154: 6144: 6142: 6127: 6123: 6113: 6111: 6098: 6097: 6093: 6083: 6081: 6073:TheGuardian.com 6066: 6065: 6061: 6051: 6049: 6036: 6035: 6031: 6021: 6019: 6009: 6005: 5990: 5981: 5971: 5969: 5962:The Citizen Lab 5954: 5950: 5940: 5938: 5921: 5917: 5902: 5895: 5880: 5876: 5866: 5864: 5849: 5845: 5835: 5833: 5809: 5805: 5792: 5791: 5784: 5774: 5772: 5754: 5741: 5731: 5729: 5711: 5707: 5697: 5695: 5682: 5681: 5677: 5667: 5665: 5652: 5651: 5647: 5638:Wayback Machine 5629: 5625: 5616:Wayback Machine 5607: 5603: 5593: 5591: 5583: 5582: 5578: 5568: 5566: 5557: 5556: 5552: 5542: 5540: 5539:. April 5, 2022 5531: 5530: 5523: 5513: 5511: 5509:Financial Times 5501: 5497: 5486:Wayback Machine 5477: 5473: 5462:Wayback Machine 5453: 5449: 5438:Wayback Machine 5429: 5425: 5413:Wayback Machine 5404: 5400: 5394:Wayback Machine 5386: 5382: 5372: 5370: 5357: 5356: 5352: 5340:Wayback Machine 5331: 5324: 5313:Wayback Machine 5304: 5300: 5288:Wayback Machine 5279: 5275: 5265: 5263: 5248: 5244: 5234: 5232: 5217: 5213: 5202:Wayback Machine 5193: 5184: 5174: 5172: 5157: 5150: 5140: 5138: 5125: 5124: 5120: 5110: 5108: 5107:. July 20, 2021 5099: 5098: 5094: 5084: 5082: 5079:Washington Post 5073: 5072: 5068: 5055: 5054: 5050: 5040: 5038: 5025: 5024: 5020: 5010: 5008: 4995: 4994: 4990: 4980: 4978: 4965: 4964: 4960: 4950: 4948: 4935: 4934: 4930: 4920:Wayback Machine 4911: 4907: 4897: 4895: 4880: 4879: 4875: 4860: 4859: 4855: 4845: 4843: 4828: 4827: 4823: 4813: 4811: 4798: 4797: 4790: 4780: 4778: 4765: 4764: 4760: 4750: 4748: 4735: 4734: 4730: 4720: 4718: 4703: 4699: 4689: 4687: 4672: 4671: 4667: 4657: 4655: 4642: 4641: 4637: 4627: 4625: 4612: 4611: 4607: 4597: 4595: 4582: 4581: 4577: 4564: 4563: 4556: 4547: 4546: 4542: 4532: 4530: 4522: 4521: 4517: 4507: 4505: 4497: 4496: 4492: 4479: 4478: 4474: 4464: 4462: 4453: 4452: 4448: 4438: 4436: 4435:. July 23, 2021 4427: 4426: 4422: 4412: 4410: 4401: 4400: 4396: 4390:Wayback Machine 4381: 4377: 4367: 4365: 4357: 4356: 4341: 4326: 4317: 4302: 4298: 4282: 4281: 4274: 4272: 4262: 4249: 4239: 4237: 4228: 4227: 4223: 4208: 4201: 4191: 4189: 4187:The Citizen Lab 4179: 4175: 4165: 4163: 4153: 4146: 4136: 4134: 4121: 4120: 4116: 4106: 4104: 4091: 4090: 4086: 4076: 4074: 4061: 4060: 4056: 4046: 4044: 4037:The Citizen Lab 4031: 4030: 4026: 4016: 4014: 4001: 4000: 3996: 3986: 3984: 3977:Azadlıq Radiosu 3971: 3970: 3966: 3956: 3954: 3949:(in Armenian). 3939: 3935: 3925: 3923: 3910: 3909: 3905: 3895: 3893: 3880: 3879: 3875: 3866: 3864: 3860:mvt-project/mvt 3857: 3856: 3852: 3842: 3840: 3832: 3831: 3827: 3817: 3815: 3807: 3806: 3802: 3792: 3790: 3781: 3780: 3776: 3766: 3764: 3747: 3743: 3733: 3731: 3716: 3712: 3695: 3691: 3681: 3679: 3672:The Citizen Lab 3664: 3655: 3645: 3643: 3630: 3629: 3620: 3610: 3608: 3595: 3594: 3587: 3577: 3575: 3562: 3561: 3550: 3540: 3538: 3531:Kaspersky Daily 3523: 3516: 3506: 3504: 3489: 3485: 3475: 3473: 3456: 3452: 3442: 3440: 3423: 3419: 3409: 3407: 3400:www.amnesty.org 3394: 3393: 3384: 3374: 3372: 3354: 3350: 3340: 3338: 3329: 3328: 3324: 3314: 3312: 3299: 3298: 3294: 3284: 3282: 3267: 3263: 3253: 3251: 3242: 3241: 3237: 3227: 3225: 3216: 3215: 3211: 3201: 3199: 3190: 3189: 3185: 3175: 3173: 3164: 3163: 3159: 3149: 3147: 3132: 3131: 3124: 3114: 3112: 3095: 3091: 3081: 3079: 3059: 3055: 3045: 3043: 3034: 3033: 3026: 3016: 3014: 3001: 3000: 2996: 2986: 2984: 2971: 2970: 2966: 2956: 2954: 2937: 2933: 2923: 2921: 2906: 2902: 2892: 2890: 2873: 2869: 2859: 2857: 2840: 2836: 2826: 2824: 2809: 2800: 2790: 2788: 2773: 2772: 2768: 2758: 2756: 2735: 2731: 2721: 2719: 2706: 2705: 2701: 2691: 2689: 2676: 2675: 2668: 2658: 2656: 2652: 2641: 2635: 2634: 2627: 2617: 2615: 2598: 2591: 2581: 2579: 2564: 2560: 2545: 2536: 2526: 2524: 2509: 2505: 2495: 2493: 2478: 2474: 2464: 2462: 2444: 2440: 2430: 2428: 2415: 2414: 2410: 2400: 2398: 2381: 2377: 2373: 2363: 2347: 2345:Further reading 2308: 2301: 2298: 2289: 2276: 2255: 2250: 2223: 2214: 2209: 2172:Financial Times 2040:Pegasus Project 2027: 2021: 2019:Pegasus Project 2008:Didier Reynders 2001: 1996: 1976: 1967:executive order 1894: 1876:In April 2022, 1874: 1698: 1685: 1672: 1652: 1632: 1619: 1598: 1545: 1539: 1534: 1526:Cyril Ramaphosa 1522: 1506: 1441:Ben Hubbard, a 1419: 1379:Jamal Khashoggi 1365:Jamal Khashoggi 1337: 1321: 1252:Law and Justice 1228: 1216: 1203: 1183: 1156: 1063:Felipe Calderón 1048: 1018: 1010:Oyan, Qazaqstan 990: 970: 913:Avner Netanyahu 903:. Although the 883: 870: 842:Washington Post 797: 789:Main articles: 787: 767: 751: 736: 720: 708: 696: 684: 664: 652: 605: 593: 580: 567: 561: 548: 504: 447: 445:Vulnerabilities 403: 339: 299:Jamal Khashoggi 288: 196: 187: 179:Pegasus Project 161:Cyber watchdog 156:Greek mythology 78: 39:Initial release 17: 12: 11: 5: 10289: 10279: 10278: 10273: 10268: 10263: 10258: 10253: 10248: 10243: 10238: 10221: 10220: 10217: 10216: 10214: 10213: 10208: 10203: 10198: 10193: 10188: 10183: 10177: 10175: 10171: 10170: 10168: 10167: 10161: 10159: 10155: 10154: 10152: 10151: 10146: 10141: 10136: 10131: 10126: 10121: 10115: 10113: 10109: 10108: 10106: 10105: 10100: 10095: 10090: 10085: 10080: 10075: 10070: 10065: 10059: 10057: 10053: 10052: 10050: 10049: 10044: 10039: 10034: 10028: 10026: 10022: 10021: 10019: 10018: 10013: 10008: 10003: 9998: 9993: 9988: 9983: 9981:Black Energy 3 9978: 9972: 9970: 9966: 9965: 9963: 9962: 9957: 9951: 9949: 9945: 9944: 9942: 9941: 9936: 9931: 9926: 9921: 9916: 9911: 9905: 9903: 9899: 9898: 9896: 9895: 9890: 9888:Metulji botnet 9885: 9880: 9875: 9870: 9864: 9862: 9858: 9857: 9855: 9854: 9849: 9844: 9842:Black Energy 2 9839: 9833: 9831: 9824: 9818: 9817: 9815: 9814: 9808: 9802: 9796: 9790: 9784: 9778: 9772: 9766: 9760: 9754: 9748: 9742: 9736: 9730: 9724: 9718: 9712: 9706: 9700: 9697:Broadcom Wi-Fi 9694: 9688: 9682: 9676: 9670: 9664: 9658: 9652: 9646: 9640: 9634: 9628: 9622: 9616: 9610: 9603: 9601: 9589: 9588: 9586: 9585: 9580: 9575: 9570: 9565: 9560: 9558:Junaid Hussain 9555: 9550: 9548:Jeremy Hammond 9545: 9543:Elliott Gunton 9540: 9535: 9530: 9525: 9520: 9514: 9512: 9506: 9505: 9503: 9502: 9497: 9492: 9487: 9482: 9477: 9475:Stealth Falcon 9472: 9467: 9462: 9457: 9452: 9450:PLA Unit 61486 9447: 9445:PLA Unit 61398 9442: 9440:Numbered Panda 9437: 9432: 9418: 9413: 9408: 9403: 9398: 9392: 9387: 9385:Equation Group 9382: 9377: 9372: 9367: 9362: 9357: 9352: 9346: 9344: 9336: 9335: 9333: 9332: 9327: 9322: 9317: 9312: 9307: 9302: 9297: 9292: 9287: 9282: 9277: 9272: 9267: 9262: 9257: 9256: 9255: 9244: 9242: 9236: 9235: 9232: 9231: 9229: 9228: 9223: 9218: 9213: 9208: 9202: 9200: 9196: 9195: 9193: 9192: 9187: 9182: 9176: 9174: 9170: 9169: 9167: 9166: 9161: 9156: 9151: 9150: 9149: 9139: 9134: 9129: 9124: 9118: 9116: 9112: 9111: 9109: 9108: 9103: 9098: 9093: 9088: 9083: 9078: 9073: 9068: 9063: 9058: 9052: 9050: 9046: 9045: 9043: 9042: 9037: 9032: 9027: 9022: 9017: 9011: 9009: 9005: 9004: 9002: 9001: 8996: 8991: 8986: 8981: 8976: 8971: 8965: 8963: 8959: 8958: 8956: 8955: 8950: 8945: 8940: 8935: 8929: 8927: 8923: 8922: 8920: 8919: 8914: 8909: 8903: 8901: 8897: 8896: 8894: 8893: 8888: 8883: 8878: 8876:HBGary Federal 8873: 8868: 8863: 8857: 8855: 8851: 8850: 8848: 8847: 8842: 8837: 8832: 8827: 8820: 8818: 8811: 8807: 8806: 8802: 8801: 8795: 8790: 8781: 8778: 8777: 8772: 8771: 8764: 8757: 8749: 8743: 8742: 8730: 8712: 8692:(1): 205–213. 8677: 8652: 8639: 8625: 8604: 8584:(3): 355–364. 8555: 8554:External links 8552: 8550: 8549: 8530: 8511: 8492: 8474: 8456: 8423: 8390: 8359: 8329: 8299: 8269: 8239: 8209: 8183: 8153: 8123: 8094: 8064: 8030: 8004: 7985: 7966: 7937: 7918: 7887: 7857: 7826: 7806: 7776: 7750: 7724: 7698: 7667: 7637: 7612:Gardner, Frank 7603: 7573: 7553: 7539: 7525: 7499: 7477: 7446: 7412: 7394: 7368: 7365:. May 2, 2022. 7348: 7329: 7300: 7273: 7244: 7211: 7191: 7171: 7151: 7125: 7106: 7075: 7045: 7036:Times of India 7022: 6999: 6973: 6941: 6910: 6879: 6841: 6811: 6789: 6755: 6721: 6688: 6667: 6647: 6616: 6586: 6569:Rzeczpospolita 6556: 6524: 6494: 6464: 6431: 6401: 6371: 6345: 6315: 6298:Rzeczpospolita 6284: 6253: 6235: 6209: 6179: 6152: 6121: 6091: 6059: 6029: 6003: 5979: 5948: 5915: 5893: 5874: 5843: 5812:Bergman, Ronen 5803: 5798:Deutsche Welle 5782: 5739: 5705: 5675: 5645: 5642:eurasianet.org 5623: 5601: 5576: 5550: 5521: 5495: 5471: 5447: 5423: 5398: 5380: 5350: 5322: 5298: 5273: 5242: 5211: 5182: 5148: 5118: 5092: 5066: 5048: 5018: 4988: 4958: 4928: 4905: 4873: 4853: 4821: 4788: 4758: 4728: 4697: 4665: 4635: 4605: 4575: 4570:Deutsche Welle 4554: 4540: 4515: 4490: 4485:Deutsche Welle 4472: 4446: 4420: 4394: 4375: 4339: 4315: 4296: 4247: 4221: 4199: 4173: 4144: 4114: 4084: 4054: 4024: 3994: 3964: 3933: 3903: 3873: 3850: 3825: 3800: 3774: 3741: 3710: 3689: 3653: 3618: 3585: 3548: 3514: 3483: 3450: 3417: 3382: 3348: 3333:. Al Jazeera. 3322: 3292: 3261: 3235: 3209: 3183: 3157: 3122: 3089: 3053: 3024: 2994: 2964: 2931: 2900: 2867: 2834: 2798: 2766: 2729: 2699: 2666: 2625: 2589: 2558: 2534: 2503: 2472: 2438: 2408: 2374: 2372: 2369: 2368: 2367: 2361: 2346: 2343: 2342: 2341: 2335: 2330: 2325: 2320: 2314: 2313: 2297: 2294: 2288: 2285: 2275: 2272: 2259:Meta Platforms 2254: 2251: 2249: 2246: 2222: 2219: 2213: 2210: 2208: 2205: 2194:Bloomberg News 2092:(Mexico), the 2023:Main article: 2020: 2017: 2015:inconclusive. 2000: 1999:European Union 1997: 1995: 1992: 1984:Kamel Jendoubi 1975: 1972: 1893: 1890: 1873: 1870: 1858:Downing Street 1780:Alaa al-Siddiq 1743:Nayef al-Bakri 1697: 1694: 1684: 1681: 1671: 1668: 1651: 1648: 1631: 1628: 1618: 1615: 1597: 1594: 1538: 1535: 1533: 1530: 1521: 1518: 1505: 1502: 1475:Omar Abdulaziz 1447:New York Times 1415:Main article: 1388:New York Times 1371:Jamal Kashoggi 1336: 1333: 1320: 1317: 1284:smear campaign 1264:Civic Platform 1248:Roman Giertych 1227: 1224: 1215: 1212: 1202: 1199: 1182: 1179: 1155: 1152: 1052:New York Times 1047: 1044: 1017: 1014: 989: 986: 969: 966: 892:Israeli Police 882: 879: 869: 866: 854:Sanjeev Sanyal 809:Koregaon Bhima 786: 783: 766: 763: 750: 747: 738:In July 2021, 735: 732: 719: 716: 707: 704: 695: 692: 683: 680: 663: 660: 651: 648: 604: 601: 592: 589: 579: 576: 560: 557: 547: 544: 503: 500: 462: 461: 458: 454: 446: 443: 435:virtualization 407:spear-phishing 402: 399: 338: 335: 331:Meta Platforms 307:Omar Abdulaziz 287: 284: 195: 192: 186: 183: 88: 87: 76: 72: 71: 66: 60: 59: 50: 44: 43: 40: 36: 35: 30: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 10288: 10277: 10274: 10272: 10269: 10267: 10264: 10262: 10259: 10257: 10254: 10252: 10249: 10247: 10244: 10242: 10239: 10237: 10234: 10233: 10231: 10212: 10209: 10207: 10204: 10202: 10199: 10197: 10194: 10192: 10189: 10187: 10184: 10182: 10179: 10178: 10176: 10172: 10166: 10163: 10162: 10160: 10156: 10150: 10147: 10145: 10142: 10140: 10137: 10135: 10132: 10130: 10127: 10125: 10122: 10120: 10117: 10116: 10114: 10110: 10104: 10101: 10099: 10096: 10094: 10091: 10089: 10086: 10084: 10081: 10079: 10076: 10074: 10071: 10069: 10066: 10064: 10061: 10060: 10058: 10054: 10048: 10045: 10043: 10040: 10038: 10035: 10033: 10030: 10029: 10027: 10023: 10017: 10014: 10012: 10011:Gameover ZeuS 10009: 10007: 10004: 10002: 9999: 9997: 9994: 9992: 9989: 9987: 9984: 9982: 9979: 9977: 9974: 9973: 9971: 9967: 9961: 9958: 9956: 9953: 9952: 9950: 9946: 9940: 9937: 9935: 9932: 9930: 9927: 9925: 9922: 9920: 9917: 9915: 9912: 9910: 9907: 9906: 9904: 9900: 9894: 9891: 9889: 9886: 9884: 9881: 9879: 9876: 9874: 9871: 9869: 9866: 9865: 9863: 9859: 9853: 9850: 9848: 9845: 9843: 9840: 9838: 9835: 9834: 9832: 9828: 9825: 9823: 9819: 9812: 9809: 9806: 9803: 9800: 9797: 9794: 9791: 9788: 9785: 9782: 9779: 9776: 9773: 9770: 9767: 9764: 9761: 9758: 9755: 9752: 9749: 9746: 9743: 9740: 9737: 9734: 9731: 9728: 9725: 9722: 9719: 9716: 9713: 9710: 9707: 9704: 9701: 9698: 9695: 9692: 9689: 9686: 9683: 9680: 9677: 9674: 9671: 9668: 9665: 9662: 9659: 9656: 9653: 9650: 9647: 9644: 9641: 9638: 9635: 9632: 9629: 9626: 9623: 9620: 9617: 9614: 9611: 9608: 9605: 9604: 9602: 9600: 9595: 9590: 9584: 9581: 9579: 9576: 9574: 9571: 9569: 9566: 9564: 9561: 9559: 9556: 9554: 9551: 9549: 9546: 9544: 9541: 9539: 9536: 9534: 9531: 9529: 9526: 9524: 9521: 9519: 9516: 9515: 9513: 9511: 9507: 9501: 9498: 9496: 9493: 9491: 9488: 9486: 9483: 9481: 9478: 9476: 9473: 9471: 9470:Rocket Kitten 9468: 9466: 9463: 9461: 9458: 9456: 9453: 9451: 9448: 9446: 9443: 9441: 9438: 9436: 9433: 9430: 9426: 9422: 9421:Lazarus Group 9419: 9417: 9414: 9412: 9409: 9407: 9404: 9402: 9399: 9396: 9393: 9391: 9388: 9386: 9383: 9381: 9378: 9376: 9373: 9371: 9368: 9366: 9363: 9361: 9358: 9356: 9353: 9351: 9348: 9347: 9345: 9343: 9337: 9331: 9328: 9326: 9323: 9321: 9318: 9316: 9313: 9311: 9308: 9306: 9303: 9301: 9298: 9296: 9293: 9291: 9288: 9286: 9283: 9281: 9278: 9276: 9273: 9271: 9268: 9266: 9263: 9261: 9258: 9254: 9251: 9250: 9249: 9246: 9245: 9243: 9241: 9237: 9227: 9224: 9222: 9219: 9217: 9214: 9212: 9209: 9207: 9204: 9203: 9201: 9197: 9191: 9188: 9186: 9183: 9181: 9178: 9177: 9175: 9171: 9165: 9164:Disqus breach 9162: 9160: 9157: 9155: 9152: 9148: 9145: 9144: 9143: 9140: 9138: 9135: 9133: 9130: 9128: 9125: 9123: 9120: 9119: 9117: 9113: 9107: 9104: 9102: 9099: 9097: 9094: 9092: 9089: 9087: 9084: 9082: 9079: 9077: 9074: 9072: 9069: 9067: 9064: 9062: 9059: 9057: 9054: 9053: 9051: 9047: 9041: 9038: 9036: 9033: 9031: 9028: 9026: 9023: 9021: 9018: 9016: 9013: 9012: 9010: 9006: 9000: 8997: 8995: 8992: 8990: 8987: 8985: 8982: 8980: 8977: 8975: 8972: 8970: 8967: 8966: 8964: 8960: 8954: 8951: 8949: 8946: 8944: 8941: 8939: 8938:Snapchat hack 8936: 8934: 8931: 8930: 8928: 8924: 8918: 8915: 8913: 8910: 8908: 8907:LinkedIn hack 8905: 8904: 8902: 8898: 8892: 8889: 8887: 8884: 8882: 8879: 8877: 8874: 8872: 8869: 8867: 8864: 8862: 8859: 8858: 8856: 8852: 8846: 8843: 8841: 8838: 8836: 8833: 8831: 8828: 8825: 8822: 8821: 8819: 8815: 8812: 8808: 8800: → 8799: 8796: 8794: 8791: 8789: 8786:← 8785: 8784: 8779: 8770: 8765: 8763: 8758: 8756: 8751: 8750: 8747: 8739: 8738:PBS Frontline 8735: 8731: 8727: 8723: 8719: 8713: 8709: 8705: 8700: 8695: 8691: 8687: 8683: 8678: 8674: 8670: 8666: 8662: 8658: 8653: 8649: 8645: 8640: 8636: 8632: 8628: 8622: 8618: 8614: 8610: 8605: 8601: 8597: 8592: 8587: 8583: 8579: 8575: 8570: 8569: 8568: 8566: 8561: 8546: 8541: 8534: 8526: 8522: 8515: 8507: 8503: 8496: 8488: 8484: 8478: 8470: 8466: 8460: 8444: 8440: 8439: 8434: 8427: 8411: 8407: 8406: 8401: 8394: 8378: 8374: 8370: 8363: 8347: 8343: 8339: 8333: 8317: 8313: 8309: 8303: 8287: 8283: 8279: 8273: 8257: 8253: 8249: 8243: 8227: 8223: 8219: 8213: 8197: 8193: 8187: 8171: 8167: 8163: 8157: 8141: 8137: 8133: 8127: 8111: 8106: 8098: 8082: 8078: 8074: 8068: 8053: 8049: 8045: 8041: 8034: 8019: 8015: 8008: 8000: 7996: 7989: 7981: 7977: 7970: 7954: 7950: 7947: 7941: 7933: 7929: 7922: 7906: 7902: 7898: 7891: 7875: 7871: 7867: 7861: 7845: 7841: 7837: 7830: 7822: 7821: 7816: 7810: 7794: 7790: 7786: 7780: 7765: 7761: 7754: 7739: 7738:The Telegraph 7735: 7728: 7713: 7712:The Telegraph 7709: 7702: 7686: 7682: 7678: 7671: 7655: 7651: 7647: 7641: 7625: 7621: 7617: 7613: 7607: 7596:September 24, 7591: 7587: 7583: 7577: 7569: 7568: 7563: 7557: 7549: 7543: 7535: 7529: 7513: 7509: 7503: 7487: 7481: 7465: 7461: 7457: 7450: 7435: 7431: 7427: 7423: 7416: 7408: 7404: 7398: 7382: 7378: 7372: 7364: 7363: 7358: 7352: 7344: 7340: 7333: 7318: 7314: 7307: 7305: 7288: 7284: 7277: 7261: 7257: 7251: 7249: 7232: 7228: 7227: 7222: 7215: 7207: 7206: 7201: 7195: 7187: 7186: 7181: 7175: 7167: 7166: 7161: 7155: 7139: 7135: 7129: 7122: 7118: 7115: 7110: 7094: 7090: 7086: 7079: 7063: 7059: 7055: 7049: 7041: 7037: 7033: 7026: 7018: 7014: 7010: 7003: 6992:September 22, 6987: 6983: 6977: 6961: 6957: 6956: 6951: 6945: 6929: 6925: 6921: 6914: 6898: 6894: 6890: 6883: 6866: 6862: 6861: 6857: 6852: 6845: 6829: 6825: 6821: 6815: 6807: 6803: 6796: 6794: 6778: 6774: 6770: 6766: 6759: 6744: 6740: 6736: 6732: 6725: 6709: 6705: 6701: 6695: 6693: 6684: 6683: 6678: 6671: 6663: 6662: 6657: 6651: 6635: 6632:(in Polish). 6631: 6627: 6620: 6604: 6601:(in Polish). 6600: 6596: 6590: 6574: 6571:(in Polish). 6570: 6566: 6560: 6544: 6540: 6539: 6534: 6528: 6512: 6508: 6504: 6498: 6482: 6478: 6474: 6468: 6452: 6448: 6444: 6438: 6436: 6419: 6416:(in Polish). 6415: 6411: 6405: 6389: 6385: 6381: 6375: 6359: 6355: 6349: 6333: 6329: 6325: 6319: 6303: 6300:(in Polish). 6299: 6295: 6288: 6272: 6268: 6264: 6257: 6249: 6245: 6239: 6224: 6220: 6213: 6202:September 18, 6197: 6193: 6189: 6183: 6172:September 18, 6167: 6163: 6156: 6140: 6136: 6132: 6125: 6109: 6105: 6101: 6095: 6079: 6075: 6074: 6069: 6063: 6047: 6043: 6039: 6033: 6018: 6014: 6007: 5999: 5995: 5988: 5986: 5984: 5967: 5963: 5959: 5952: 5936: 5932: 5931: 5926: 5919: 5911: 5907: 5900: 5898: 5889: 5885: 5878: 5862: 5858: 5854: 5847: 5831: 5827: 5823: 5822: 5817: 5813: 5807: 5799: 5795: 5789: 5787: 5775:September 14, 5771: 5767: 5763: 5759: 5752: 5750: 5748: 5746: 5744: 5732:September 25, 5728: 5724: 5720: 5716: 5709: 5693: 5689: 5685: 5679: 5663: 5659: 5655: 5649: 5643: 5639: 5635: 5632: 5627: 5621: 5617: 5613: 5610: 5605: 5590: 5586: 5580: 5564: 5560: 5554: 5538: 5534: 5528: 5526: 5510: 5506: 5499: 5492: 5491: 5487: 5483: 5480: 5475: 5468: 5467: 5463: 5459: 5456: 5451: 5444: 5443: 5439: 5435: 5432: 5427: 5420: 5419: 5414: 5410: 5407: 5402: 5395: 5391: 5388: 5384: 5368: 5364: 5360: 5354: 5347: 5346: 5341: 5337: 5334: 5329: 5327: 5319: 5318: 5314: 5310: 5307: 5302: 5295: 5294: 5289: 5285: 5282: 5277: 5261: 5257: 5253: 5246: 5230: 5226: 5222: 5215: 5208: 5207: 5203: 5199: 5196: 5191: 5189: 5187: 5170: 5166: 5162: 5155: 5153: 5136: 5132: 5131:CalcalistTech 5128: 5122: 5106: 5102: 5096: 5080: 5076: 5070: 5062: 5058: 5052: 5036: 5032: 5028: 5022: 5006: 5002: 4998: 4992: 4976: 4972: 4968: 4962: 4946: 4942: 4938: 4932: 4925: 4921: 4917: 4914: 4909: 4893: 4889: 4888: 4883: 4877: 4869: 4868: 4863: 4857: 4841: 4837: 4836: 4831: 4825: 4809: 4805: 4801: 4795: 4793: 4776: 4772: 4768: 4762: 4746: 4742: 4738: 4732: 4716: 4712: 4708: 4701: 4685: 4681: 4680: 4675: 4669: 4653: 4649: 4645: 4639: 4623: 4619: 4615: 4609: 4598:September 14, 4593: 4589: 4585: 4579: 4571: 4567: 4561: 4559: 4550: 4544: 4533:September 14, 4529: 4525: 4519: 4504: 4500: 4494: 4486: 4482: 4476: 4460: 4456: 4450: 4434: 4430: 4424: 4408: 4404: 4398: 4391: 4387: 4384: 4379: 4368:September 14, 4364: 4360: 4354: 4352: 4350: 4348: 4346: 4344: 4335: 4331: 4324: 4322: 4320: 4311: 4307: 4300: 4292: 4286: 4271: 4267: 4260: 4258: 4256: 4254: 4252: 4236:. May 2, 2023 4235: 4231: 4225: 4217: 4213: 4206: 4204: 4188: 4184: 4177: 4162: 4158: 4151: 4149: 4132: 4128: 4124: 4118: 4102: 4098: 4094: 4088: 4072: 4068: 4064: 4058: 4042: 4038: 4034: 4028: 4012: 4008: 4004: 3998: 3982: 3978: 3974: 3968: 3952: 3948: 3944: 3937: 3921: 3917: 3913: 3907: 3891: 3887: 3883: 3877: 3862: 3861: 3854: 3839: 3835: 3829: 3814: 3810: 3804: 3788: 3784: 3778: 3762: 3758: 3757: 3752: 3745: 3729: 3725: 3721: 3714: 3706: 3705: 3700: 3693: 3677: 3673: 3669: 3662: 3660: 3658: 3641: 3637: 3633: 3627: 3625: 3623: 3606: 3602: 3598: 3592: 3590: 3573: 3569: 3565: 3559: 3557: 3555: 3553: 3536: 3532: 3528: 3521: 3519: 3502: 3498: 3494: 3487: 3471: 3467: 3466: 3461: 3454: 3438: 3434: 3433: 3428: 3421: 3405: 3401: 3397: 3391: 3389: 3387: 3371: 3367: 3363: 3359: 3352: 3336: 3332: 3326: 3310: 3306: 3302: 3296: 3280: 3276: 3272: 3265: 3249: 3245: 3239: 3223: 3219: 3213: 3197: 3193: 3187: 3171: 3167: 3161: 3145: 3141: 3140: 3135: 3129: 3127: 3110: 3106: 3105: 3100: 3093: 3077: 3073: 3072: 3067: 3063: 3057: 3041: 3037: 3031: 3029: 3012: 3008: 3004: 2998: 2982: 2978: 2974: 2968: 2952: 2948: 2947: 2942: 2935: 2919: 2915: 2911: 2904: 2888: 2884: 2883: 2878: 2871: 2855: 2851: 2850: 2845: 2838: 2822: 2818: 2814: 2807: 2805: 2803: 2786: 2782: 2781: 2776: 2770: 2754: 2750: 2746: 2745: 2740: 2733: 2717: 2713: 2709: 2703: 2687: 2683: 2679: 2673: 2671: 2651: 2647: 2640: 2639: 2632: 2630: 2613: 2609: 2608: 2603: 2596: 2594: 2577: 2573: 2569: 2562: 2554: 2550: 2543: 2541: 2539: 2522: 2518: 2514: 2507: 2491: 2487: 2486:citizenlab.ca 2483: 2476: 2461: 2457: 2453: 2449: 2442: 2426: 2422: 2418: 2412: 2396: 2392: 2391: 2386: 2379: 2375: 2364: 2362:9781250858696 2358: 2354: 2349: 2348: 2340: 2336: 2334: 2331: 2329: 2326: 2324: 2321: 2319: 2316: 2315: 2311: 2305: 2300: 2293: 2284: 2281: 2271: 2269: 2265: 2260: 2245: 2241: 2238: 2237: 2232: 2228: 2218: 2204: 2202: 2201: 2196: 2195: 2190: 2189: 2184: 2183: 2178: 2174: 2173: 2168: 2164: 2163: 2157: 2153: 2147: 2145: 2141: 2136: 2134: 2130: 2125: 2123: 2122: 2117: 2113: 2112: 2107: 2106: 2101: 2100: 2095: 2091: 2090: 2085: 2081: 2080: 2075: 2074: 2069: 2068: 2063: 2062: 2057: 2056: 2051: 2047: 2046: 2041: 2037: 2033: 2026: 2016: 2013: 2009: 2006: 1991: 1989: 1985: 1981: 1971: 1968: 1964: 1959: 1955: 1953: 1952: 1947: 1943: 1938: 1933: 1931: 1926: 1922: 1917: 1914: 1908: 1906: 1901: 1899: 1889: 1887: 1883: 1879: 1869: 1867: 1866:Jeremy Corbyn 1863: 1862:Boris Johnson 1859: 1855: 1850: 1848: 1844: 1840: 1835: 1833: 1829: 1825: 1820: 1817: 1813: 1809: 1805: 1801: 1797: 1792: 1789: 1785: 1781: 1777: 1776: 1770: 1767: 1763: 1759: 1755: 1751: 1746: 1744: 1740: 1736: 1732: 1726: 1723: 1721: 1717: 1716: 1711: 1707: 1703: 1693: 1691: 1680: 1677: 1667: 1665: 1661: 1657: 1647: 1645: 1641: 1637: 1627: 1624: 1614: 1612: 1607: 1603: 1602:Pedro Sánchez 1593: 1591: 1587: 1586:Arnaldo Otegi 1582: 1578: 1576: 1573: 1569: 1568:Roger Torrent 1566: 1562: 1558: 1554: 1550: 1544: 1529: 1527: 1517: 1515: 1511: 1501: 1499: 1495: 1491: 1487: 1482: 1480: 1476: 1471: 1470: 1469:Other targets 1466: 1462: 1460: 1456: 1452: 1448: 1444: 1439: 1438: 1434: 1432: 1428: 1424: 1418: 1413: 1412: 1408: 1406: 1402: 1397: 1395: 1390: 1389: 1383: 1380: 1376: 1372: 1367: 1366: 1362: 1360: 1356: 1355: 1350: 1346: 1342: 1332: 1330: 1326: 1316: 1314: 1310: 1305: 1303: 1298: 1296: 1292: 1287: 1285: 1281: 1277: 1273: 1272:2019 European 1269: 1265: 1261: 1257: 1253: 1249: 1244: 1241: 1237: 1233: 1223: 1221: 1211: 1208: 1198: 1196: 1192: 1188: 1187:Ridouan Taghi 1178: 1174: 1171: 1168: 1164: 1159: 1151: 1148: 1147: 1143: 1140: 1139: 1135: 1131: 1130: 1126: 1122: 1121: 1117: 1114: 1109: 1106: 1101: 1100: 1096: 1095: 1089: 1088: 1084: 1081: 1079: 1075: 1070: 1066: 1064: 1060: 1055: 1053: 1043: 1040: 1039: 1034: 1032: 1031: 1026: 1021: 1013: 1011: 1007: 1003: 999: 995: 992:Activists in 985: 982: 977: 974: 965: 963: 958: 956: 952: 948: 945: 941: 937: 932: 930: 929:Ayelet Shaked 926: 922: 918: 914: 908: 906: 902: 896: 893: 888: 887: 878: 875: 865: 863: 859: 855: 851: 848: 843: 839: 834: 832: 827: 825: 821: 816: 812: 810: 805: 802: 796: 792: 782: 780: 775: 772: 762: 760: 755: 746: 743: 742: 731: 729: 725: 715: 712: 703: 701: 691: 689: 679: 677: 673: 669: 659: 657: 647: 643: 641: 636: 632: 627: 625: 620: 618: 614: 610: 600: 598: 588: 586: 575: 572: 571:authoritarian 566: 556: 552: 543: 541: 537: 533: 529: 525: 521: 517: 513: 509: 508:investigation 499: 497: 492: 490: 486: 482: 478: 474: 470: 466: 459: 455: 452: 451: 450: 442: 440: 436: 432: 428: 426: 421: 418: 414: 410: 408: 398: 394: 392: 388: 387:Kaspersky Lab 384: 380: 375: 373: 369: 365: 361: 357: 353: 349: 345: 334: 332: 328: 323: 321: 320: 315: 310: 308: 304: 300: 296: 295: 283: 281: 277: 273: 269: 268: 263: 262: 257: 251: 249: 245: 241: 236: 232: 228: 224: 219: 217: 213: 209: 205: 204:Ahmed Mansoor 201: 191: 182: 180: 176: 172: 168: 164: 159: 157: 153: 149: 145: 141: 140:call snooping 137: 133: 129: 124: 122: 118: 114: 110: 109:mobile phones 106: 102: 98: 94: 85: 77: 73: 70: 67: 65: 61: 58: 54: 51: 49: 45: 41: 37: 34: 31: 29: 25: 19: 10092: 9955:CryptoLocker 9709:DoublePulsar 9528:Cyber Anakin 9518:Ryan Ackroyd 9411:Helix Kitten 9406:Hacking Team 9401:Guccifer 2.0 9275:Lizard Squad 9091:Surkov leaks 9020:Hacking Team 8737: 8717: 8689: 8685: 8656: 8608: 8581: 8577: 8557: 8543: 8533: 8524: 8514: 8505: 8495: 8487:The Guardian 8486: 8477: 8468: 8459: 8449:December 21, 8447:. Retrieved 8436: 8426: 8416:December 21, 8414:. Retrieved 8405:The Guardian 8403: 8393: 8381:. Retrieved 8372: 8362: 8350:. Retrieved 8341: 8332: 8320:. Retrieved 8312:The Guardian 8311: 8302: 8290:. Retrieved 8282:the Guardian 8281: 8272: 8260:. Retrieved 8251: 8242: 8230:. Retrieved 8221: 8212: 8200:. Retrieved 8186: 8174:. Retrieved 8165: 8156: 8144:. Retrieved 8135: 8126: 8114:. Retrieved 8097: 8087:December 20, 8085:. Retrieved 8077:The Guardian 8076: 8067: 8057:December 29, 8055:. Retrieved 8043: 8033: 8023:December 29, 8021:. Retrieved 8017: 8007: 7998: 7988: 7979: 7969: 7957:. Retrieved 7948: 7940: 7931: 7921: 7909:. Retrieved 7900: 7890: 7878:. Retrieved 7869: 7860: 7848:. Retrieved 7839: 7829: 7818: 7809: 7797:. Retrieved 7789:www.vice.com 7788: 7779: 7767:. Retrieved 7764:The Guardian 7763: 7753: 7741:. Retrieved 7737: 7727: 7715:. Retrieved 7711: 7701: 7689:. Retrieved 7680: 7670: 7658:. Retrieved 7649: 7640: 7628:. Retrieved 7619: 7606: 7594:. Retrieved 7586:The Guardian 7585: 7576: 7565: 7556: 7542: 7528: 7516:. Retrieved 7502: 7490:. Retrieved 7480: 7470:December 22, 7468:. Retrieved 7459: 7449: 7437:. Retrieved 7426:The Guardian 7425: 7415: 7406: 7397: 7385:. Retrieved 7380: 7371: 7360: 7351: 7332: 7320:. Retrieved 7316: 7291:. Retrieved 7289:(in Spanish) 7286: 7276: 7264:. Retrieved 7259: 7235:. Retrieved 7226:The Guardian 7224: 7214: 7203: 7194: 7183: 7174: 7163: 7154: 7142:. Retrieved 7138:The Guardian 7137: 7128: 7109: 7097:. Retrieved 7088: 7078: 7066:. Retrieved 7057: 7048: 7040:the original 7035: 7025: 7017:the original 7012: 7002: 6990:. Retrieved 6986:The Guardian 6985: 6976: 6964:. Retrieved 6953: 6944: 6932:. Retrieved 6923: 6913: 6901:. Retrieved 6892: 6882: 6869:. Retrieved 6863:. New York. 6854: 6844: 6832:. Retrieved 6823: 6814: 6805: 6780:. Retrieved 6769:The Guardian 6768: 6758: 6746:. Retrieved 6735:The Guardian 6734: 6724: 6712:. Retrieved 6704:the Guardian 6703: 6680: 6670: 6659: 6650: 6638:. Retrieved 6629: 6619: 6607:. Retrieved 6599:www.rmf24.pl 6598: 6589: 6577:. Retrieved 6568: 6559: 6547:. Retrieved 6536: 6527: 6515:. Retrieved 6506: 6497: 6485:. Retrieved 6476: 6467: 6455:. Retrieved 6446: 6422:. Retrieved 6413: 6404: 6392:. Retrieved 6383: 6374: 6362:. Retrieved 6357: 6348: 6336:. Retrieved 6327: 6318: 6306:. Retrieved 6297: 6287: 6275:. Retrieved 6267:The Guardian 6266: 6256: 6247: 6238: 6226:. Retrieved 6222: 6212: 6200:. Retrieved 6191: 6182: 6170:. Retrieved 6155: 6143:. Retrieved 6135:The Guardian 6134: 6124: 6112:. Retrieved 6103: 6094: 6082:. Retrieved 6071: 6062: 6050:. Retrieved 6042:the Guardian 6041: 6032: 6022:September 2, 6020:. Retrieved 6016: 6006: 5997: 5970:. Retrieved 5961: 5951: 5939:. Retrieved 5928: 5918: 5909: 5887: 5877: 5865:. Retrieved 5856: 5846: 5834:. Retrieved 5819: 5806: 5797: 5773:. Retrieved 5761: 5730:. Retrieved 5719:The Guardian 5718: 5708: 5696:. Retrieved 5687: 5678: 5666:. Retrieved 5657: 5648: 5626: 5604: 5594:September 8, 5592:. Retrieved 5588: 5579: 5567:. Retrieved 5563:the Guardian 5562: 5553: 5541:. Retrieved 5537:the Guardian 5536: 5514:September 8, 5512:. Retrieved 5508: 5498: 5488: 5474: 5464: 5450: 5440: 5426: 5416: 5401: 5383: 5371:. Retrieved 5362: 5353: 5343: 5315: 5301: 5291: 5276: 5264:. Retrieved 5255: 5245: 5233:. Retrieved 5224: 5214: 5204: 5173:. Retrieved 5164: 5139:. Retrieved 5130: 5121: 5109:. Retrieved 5104: 5095: 5085:December 29, 5083:. Retrieved 5078: 5069: 5060: 5051: 5039:. Retrieved 5030: 5021: 5009:. Retrieved 5000: 4991: 4979:. Retrieved 4970: 4961: 4949:. Retrieved 4940: 4931: 4923: 4908: 4896:. Retrieved 4885: 4876: 4865: 4856: 4844:. Retrieved 4833: 4824: 4812:. Retrieved 4804:the Guardian 4803: 4779:. Retrieved 4770: 4761: 4749:. Retrieved 4740: 4731: 4719:. Retrieved 4710: 4700: 4690:November 14, 4688:. Retrieved 4684:the original 4677: 4668: 4656:. Retrieved 4648:the Guardian 4647: 4638: 4626:. Retrieved 4618:the Guardian 4617: 4608: 4596:. Retrieved 4592:the original 4588:Компромат.Ru 4587: 4578: 4569: 4543: 4531:. Retrieved 4527: 4518: 4508:February 29, 4506:. Retrieved 4502: 4493: 4484: 4475: 4463:. Retrieved 4458: 4449: 4437:. Retrieved 4432: 4423: 4411:. Retrieved 4406: 4397: 4378: 4366:. Retrieved 4362: 4333: 4309: 4299: 4273:. Retrieved 4269: 4238:. Retrieved 4233: 4224: 4215: 4190:. Retrieved 4186: 4176: 4164:. Retrieved 4161:The Guardian 4160: 4137:February 18, 4135:. Retrieved 4126: 4117: 4105:. Retrieved 4097:The Guardian 4096: 4087: 4075:. Retrieved 4067:The Guardian 4066: 4057: 4045:. Retrieved 4036: 4027: 4017:November 25, 4015:. Retrieved 4006: 3997: 3987:November 25, 3985:. Retrieved 3976: 3967: 3957:November 25, 3955:. Retrieved 3946: 3936: 3924:. Retrieved 3916:the Guardian 3915: 3906: 3894:. Retrieved 3885: 3876: 3865:, retrieved 3859: 3853: 3841:. Retrieved 3837: 3828: 3816:. Retrieved 3812: 3803: 3791:. Retrieved 3786: 3777: 3767:December 16, 3765:. Retrieved 3754: 3744: 3732:. Retrieved 3723: 3713: 3702: 3692: 3682:December 20, 3680:. Retrieved 3671: 3646:December 20, 3644:. Retrieved 3635: 3609:. Retrieved 3601:www.vice.com 3600: 3576:. Retrieved 3568:the Guardian 3567: 3539:. Retrieved 3530: 3505:. Retrieved 3496: 3486: 3476:December 21, 3474:. Retrieved 3463: 3453: 3443:December 21, 3441:. Retrieved 3430: 3420: 3408:. Retrieved 3399: 3373:. Retrieved 3362:The Guardian 3361: 3351: 3339:. Retrieved 3325: 3313:. Retrieved 3304: 3295: 3283:. Retrieved 3274: 3264: 3252:. Retrieved 3238: 3226:. Retrieved 3212: 3200:. Retrieved 3186: 3174:. Retrieved 3160: 3148:. Retrieved 3137: 3113:. Retrieved 3102: 3092: 3080:. Retrieved 3069: 3056: 3046:December 21, 3044:. Retrieved 3017:September 1, 3015:. Retrieved 2997: 2985:. Retrieved 2967: 2955:. Retrieved 2944: 2934: 2922:. Retrieved 2913: 2903: 2891:. Retrieved 2880: 2870: 2858:. Retrieved 2847: 2837: 2825:. Retrieved 2817:The Observer 2816: 2789:. Retrieved 2780:The Guardian 2778: 2769: 2757:. Retrieved 2742: 2732: 2720:. Retrieved 2711: 2702: 2690:. Retrieved 2681: 2657:. Retrieved 2637: 2616:. Retrieved 2605: 2580:. Retrieved 2572:The Guardian 2571: 2561: 2552: 2525:. Retrieved 2516: 2506: 2494:. Retrieved 2485: 2475: 2463:. Retrieved 2451: 2441: 2429:. Retrieved 2420: 2411: 2399:. Retrieved 2388: 2378: 2352: 2339:Hacking Team 2328:IMSI-catcher 2290: 2277: 2264:cyberweapons 2256: 2242: 2234: 2231:black market 2224: 2215: 2198: 2192: 2186: 2180: 2170: 2160: 2154:carried out 2148: 2137: 2126: 2120: 2115: 2110: 2103: 2098: 2088: 2083: 2077: 2071: 2065: 2059: 2053: 2050:Radio France 2045:The Guardian 2043: 2039: 2028: 2002: 1977: 1960: 1956: 1949: 1934: 1918: 1909: 1902: 1895: 1875: 1851: 1836: 1821: 1793: 1775:The Guardian 1773: 1771: 1747: 1727: 1724: 1713: 1702:Saudi Arabia 1699: 1686: 1673: 1659: 1656:The Guardian 1655: 1653: 1633: 1620: 1599: 1590:Jon Iñarritu 1579: 1563:, including 1552: 1549:The Guardian 1548: 1546: 1523: 1520:South Africa 1507: 1483: 1472: 1468: 1467: 1463: 1451:Saudi Arabia 1446: 1440: 1436: 1435: 1431:then-unknown 1420: 1410: 1409: 1398: 1386: 1384: 1368: 1364: 1363: 1352: 1341:Saudi Arabia 1338: 1335:Saudi Arabia 1322: 1306: 1299: 1288: 1245: 1236:Beata Szydło 1229: 1217: 1204: 1193:, the Dutch 1184: 1175: 1172: 1160: 1157: 1149: 1145: 1144: 1141: 1137: 1136: 1132: 1128: 1127: 1123: 1119: 1118: 1110: 1102: 1098: 1097: 1090: 1086: 1085: 1082: 1071: 1067: 1056: 1051: 1049: 1038:The Guardian 1036: 1035: 1028: 1022: 1019: 991: 978: 975: 971: 959: 940:Omer Bar-Lev 933: 931:and others. 921:Kobi Shabtai 909: 897: 889: 885: 884: 874:Barham Salih 871: 862:George Soros 850:Piyush Goyal 835: 828: 824:Ranjan Gogoi 817: 813: 806: 798: 776: 771:Viktor Orbán 768: 756: 752: 739: 737: 721: 713: 709: 697: 686:Egyptian PM 685: 665: 653: 644: 628: 621: 606: 594: 581: 568: 553: 549: 528:port numbers 520:domain names 515: 505: 493: 463: 448: 429: 422: 419: 415: 411: 404: 395: 376: 340: 324: 317: 311: 292: 289: 279: 265: 259: 254:way back to 252: 240:Hacking Team 220: 197: 188: 160: 125: 92: 91: 28:Developer(s) 18: 10251:IOS malware 10191:NetTraveler 10129:LogicLocker 10037:Hidden Tear 9934:Red October 9793:Dragonblood 9703:EternalBlue 9667:Stagefright 9533:George Hotz 9510:Individuals 9260:CyberBerkut 8726:1807/102557 8322:January 26, 8108:. Reuters. 7959:January 31, 7911:December 5, 7880:February 1, 7850:December 4, 7799:February 1, 7460:ArsTechnica 7287:ElDiario.es 7237:January 30, 7099:October 24, 7068:October 24, 6934:November 9, 6903:December 3, 6871:January 26, 6834:November 8, 6640:February 8, 6609:January 25, 6579:January 25, 6549:January 25, 6538:Polsat News 6328:Independent 6277:November 8, 6114:January 30, 6084:January 30, 6052:January 30, 5930:Citizen Lab 5698:January 27, 5668:January 21, 5373:February 3, 5266:February 1, 5235:February 3, 5175:February 1, 5141:January 19, 4814:January 30, 4658:January 30, 4166:December 6, 4107:January 17, 3926:January 30, 3896:January 31, 3818:January 30, 3793:January 30, 3611:February 1, 3578:February 1, 3541:December 4, 3507:January 30, 2744:Motherboard 2607:Citizen Lab 2527:January 30, 2318:DROPOUTJEEP 2070:(Germany), 1878:Citizen Lab 1854:Citizen Lab 1758:David Haigh 1750:David Haigh 1581:The scandal 1543:CatalanGate 1510:Robert Fico 1490:Citizen Lab 1443:Middle East 1181:Netherlands 1002:Askar Mamin 694:El Salvador 676:Nuria Piera 674:found that 672:Citizen Lab 631:Citizen Lab 524:DNS servers 469:FORCEDENTRY 391:root access 297:journalist 208:Citizen Lab 163:Citizen Lab 42:August 2016 10230:Categories 10134:Rensenware 10119:BrickerBot 10047:TeslaCrypt 9837:Bad Rabbit 9787:Foreshadow 9691:Cloudbleed 9643:Row hammer 9625:Shellshock 9619:Heartbleed 9607:Evercookie 9583:The Jester 9465:Red Apollo 9425:BlueNorOff 9395:GOSSIPGIRL 9390:Fancy Bear 9380:Elfin Team 9375:DarkMatter 9370:Dark Basin 9355:Bureau 121 9315:Teamp0ison 9240:Hacktivism 8871:DNSChanger 8720:(Report). 8506:Al Jazeera 8192:"Direkt36" 7660:October 7, 7630:October 6, 7492:August 26, 7144:August 19, 6517:January 6, 6487:January 6, 6457:January 6, 6424:January 6, 6394:January 6, 6338:January 8, 6308:January 6, 6248:NOS Nieuws 5589:Al Jazeera 5415:(Hebrew). 5342:(Hebrew). 5290:(Hebrew). 5031:thewire.in 5001:thewire.in 4941:thewire.in 4528:Access Now 4192:August 24, 4077:August 24, 4047:August 24, 3734:August 31, 3150:August 31, 3115:August 31, 3082:August 31, 3007:Apple Inc. 2987:August 25, 2977:Apple Inc. 2957:August 25, 2924:August 26, 2893:August 25, 2749:Vice Media 2659:August 25, 2431:August 23, 2371:References 2248:Complaints 2227:bug-bounty 2162:Al Jazeera 2082:(Israel), 2058:(France), 2010:and other 1965:signed an 1796:High Court 1715:Al Jazeera 1636:Dalai Lama 1541:See also: 1423:Jeff Bezos 1354:Al Jazeera 1072:President 994:Kazakhstan 988:Kazakhstan 858:Access Now 779:Lajos Kósa 591:Azerbaijan 563:See also: 559:By country 536:subdomains 457:reference. 441:exploits. 344:zero-click 314:Al Jazeera 286:Chronology 185:Background 132:zero-click 101:cyber-arms 10165:VPNFilter 10042:Rombertik 10006:FinFisher 9996:DarkHotel 9960:DarkSeoul 9868:Coreflood 9733:BlueBorne 9685:Dirty COW 9599:disclosed 9597:publicly 9435:NSO Group 9365:Cozy Bear 9305:PayPal 14 9248:Anonymous 9122:SHAttered 8866:DigiNotar 8708:233971106 8673:241381239 8635:249929111 8600:254212426 8438:The Verge 8292:August 2, 8222:FRONTLINE 8116:April 13, 8052:0190-8286 7769:April 19, 7743:April 23, 7717:April 18, 7518:August 4, 7439:March 20, 7434:0261-3077 7381:Vozpopuli 7343:The World 7322:April 26, 7293:April 23, 7266:April 23, 7205:Pravda.sk 6966:March 21, 6782:March 20, 6777:0261-3077 6748:March 20, 6743:0261-3077 6714:April 18, 6364:April 29, 5941:March 25, 5770:0362-4331 5727:0261-3077 5293:Calcalist 5061:The Hindu 4867:The Hindu 4781:March 10, 4751:March 10, 4721:March 10, 3867:April 29, 3843:April 29, 3370:0261-3077 3341:March 10, 3315:March 10, 3285:April 19, 2618:March 25, 2465:April 25, 2460:0362-4331 2236:The Verge 2207:Reactions 2133:France 24 2121:Frontline 1963:Joe Biden 1824:NSO Group 1465:Pegasus. 1214:Palestine 1167:Omar Radi 831:Karnataka 609:NSO Group 431:Apple Inc 231:jailbreak 194:Discovery 105:NSO Group 82:.nsogroup 33:NSO Group 10206:Titanium 10149:XafeCopy 10144:WannaCry 10073:KeRanger 10001:Duqu 2.0 9986:Carbanak 9805:BlueKeep 9781:SigSpoof 9739:Meltdown 9655:WinShock 9637:Rootpipe 9538:Guccifer 9460:Pranknet 9455:PLATINUM 9429:AndAriel 9340:Advanced 9295:NullCrew 9280:LulzRaft 9180:Trustico 8793:Timeline 8659:. 2021. 8443:Archived 8410:Archived 8383:July 20, 8377:Archived 8352:July 18, 8346:Archived 8316:Archived 8286:Archived 8262:July 21, 8256:Archived 8232:July 21, 8226:Archived 8202:July 19, 8196:Archived 8176:July 19, 8170:Archived 8146:July 21, 8140:Archived 8136:The Wire 8110:Archived 8081:Archived 7953:Archived 7905:Archived 7901:POLITICO 7874:Archived 7844:Archived 7793:Archived 7691:April 1, 7685:Archived 7654:Archived 7624:Archived 7620:BBC News 7590:Archived 7512:Archived 7464:Archived 7231:Archived 7165:Denník N 7117:Archived 7093:Archived 7062:Archived 7013:Wired UK 6960:Archived 6928:Archived 6897:Archived 6865:Archived 6828:Archived 6708:Archived 6634:Archived 6603:Archived 6573:Archived 6543:Archived 6511:Archived 6507:euronews 6481:Archived 6451:Archived 6418:Archived 6388:Archived 6332:Archived 6302:Archived 6271:Archived 6196:Archived 6166:Archived 6145:June 21, 6139:Archived 6108:Archived 6078:Archived 6046:Archived 5972:June 14, 5966:Archived 5935:Archived 5861:Archived 5857:Ynetnews 5830:Archived 5821:Ynetnews 5692:Archived 5662:Archived 5634:Archived 5612:Archived 5569:July 11, 5543:July 11, 5482:Archived 5458:Archived 5434:Archived 5409:Archived 5390:Archived 5367:Archived 5336:Archived 5309:Archived 5284:Archived 5260:Archived 5229:Archived 5198:Archived 5169:Archived 5135:Archived 5041:July 21, 5035:Archived 5011:July 21, 5005:Archived 4981:July 21, 4975:Archived 4951:July 21, 4945:Archived 4916:Archived 4898:July 19, 4892:Archived 4846:July 19, 4840:Archived 4808:Archived 4775:Archived 4771:The Wire 4745:Archived 4741:HuffPost 4715:Archived 4652:Archived 4628:July 18, 4622:Archived 4465:July 23, 4433:BBC News 4413:June 12, 4386:Archived 4285:cite web 4131:Archived 4101:Archived 4071:Archived 4041:Archived 4011:Archived 3981:Archived 3951:Archived 3920:Archived 3890:Archived 3761:Archived 3728:Archived 3676:Archived 3640:Archived 3605:Archived 3572:Archived 3535:Archived 3501:Archived 3470:Archived 3437:Archived 3410:July 19, 3404:Archived 3375:April 8, 3335:Archived 3309:Archived 3305:BBC News 3279:Archived 3254:July 24, 3248:Archived 3228:July 24, 3222:Archived 3202:July 24, 3196:Archived 3176:July 24, 3170:Archived 3144:Archived 3109:Archived 3076:Archived 3040:Archived 3011:Archived 2981:Archived 2951:Archived 2918:Archived 2914:BBC News 2887:Archived 2860:June 21, 2854:Archived 2849:BBC News 2827:July 18, 2821:Archived 2791:July 19, 2785:Archived 2753:Archived 2722:July 15, 2716:Archived 2692:July 19, 2686:Archived 2650:Archived 2612:Archived 2582:July 18, 2576:Archived 2521:Archived 2496:July 15, 2490:Archived 2425:Archived 2401:July 19, 2395:Archived 2296:See also 2253:WhatsApp 2200:Le Monde 2156:forensic 2111:The Wire 2061:Die Zeit 2055:Le Monde 1928:called " 1704:and the 1660:Le Monde 1617:Thailand 1611:Moroccan 1504:Slovakia 1459:WhatsApp 1401:Kashoggi 1343:and the 1295:Agrounia 1059:El Chapo 953:and the 741:Le Monde 650:Djibouti 613:Al Wefaq 473:iMessage 383:Chrysaor 368:Telegram 364:WhatsApp 360:Facebook 348:iMessage 327:WhatsApp 223:zero-day 130:using a 111:running 103:company 10261:Spyware 10103:X-Agent 10093:Pegasus 9976:Brambul 9939:Shamoon 9883:Kelihos 9873:Alureon 9852:Stuxnet 9822:Malware 9775:TLBleed 9757:Exactis 9745:Spectre 9679:Badlock 9613:iSeeYou 9578:Topiary 9310:RedHack 9300:OurMine 9285:LulzSec 8648:3890657 8525:Reuters 7949:Gizmodo 7870:AP NEWS 7840:Reuters 7407:Reuters 7362:Reuters 6860:AP News 6477:AP NEWS 6447:AP NEWS 6384:AP NEWS 6358:AP News 6228:May 19, 6223:Reuters 6104:AP NEWS 5867:May 15, 5836:May 15, 5225:Lawfare 5111:May 19, 5105:Reuters 4439:May 19, 4275:May 19, 3886:Haaretz 2759:May 15, 2646:Lookout 2421:Haaretz 2105:Le Soir 2089:Proceso 2079:Haaretz 1921:iPhones 1683:Ukraine 1588:and MP 1553:El País 1260:senator 1154:Morocco 765:Hungary 749:Germany 718:Finland 706:Estonia 700:El Faro 603:Bahrain 578:Armenia 542:paths. 379:Android 210:of the 200:Emirati 152:Pegasus 117:Android 97:spyware 93:Pegasus 75:Website 69:Spyware 57:Android 22:PEGASUS 10186:Joanap 10139:Triton 10078:Necurs 10068:Jigsaw 10063:Hitler 10032:Dridex 9991:Careto 9914:Dexter 9847:SpyEye 9813:(2019) 9807:(2019) 9801:(2019) 9795:(2019) 9789:(2018) 9783:(2018) 9777:(2018) 9771:(2018) 9765:(2018) 9759:(2018) 9753:(2018) 9747:(2018) 9741:(2018) 9735:(2017) 9729:(2017) 9723:(2017) 9717:(2017) 9711:(2017) 9705:(2017) 9699:(2017) 9693:(2017) 9687:(2016) 9681:(2016) 9675:(2016) 9669:(2015) 9663:(2015) 9661:JASBUG 9657:(2014) 9651:(2014) 9645:(2014) 9639:(2014) 9633:(2014) 9631:POODLE 9627:(2014) 9621:(2014) 9615:(2013) 9609:(2010) 9592:Major 9573:Track2 9495:xDedic 9325:UGNazi 8706: 8671: 8646: 8633: 8623: 8598: 8050: 7432: 7387:May 2, 6775: 6741: 6414:RMF FM 5768: 5725: 4711:Quartz 4503:Meduza 4363:Meduza 4240:May 9, 3465:Forbes 3368: 2882:Forbes 2458: 2359: 2287:Reuses 2175:, the 2169:, the 2048:(UK), 1788:London 1710:London 1670:Uganda 1498:London 1425:after 1394:Riyadh 1349:London 1325:Rwanda 1319:Rwanda 1240:Poland 1226:Poland 1201:Panama 1046:Mexico 1030:Meduza 1016:Latvia 981:report 968:Jordan 881:Israel 734:France 370:, and 167:iPhone 128:16.0.3 10201:Tinba 10088:Mirai 10016:Regin 9929:Mahdi 9924:Flame 9909:Carna 9893:Stars 9811:Kr00k 9751:EFAIL 9721:KRACK 9673:DROWN 8798:2020s 8788:2000s 8704:S2CID 8669:S2CID 8631:S2CID 8596:S2CID 8166:Daraj 6924:Axios 5658:OCCRP 4270:OCCRP 3704:WIRED 2653:(PDF) 2642:(PDF) 2280:Apple 2274:Apple 2129:ANSSI 2116:Daraj 2099:Knack 1988:Yemen 1974:Yemen 1832:Dubai 1784:ALQST 1754:Dubai 1720:Qatar 1630:Tibet 1557:Spain 1532:Spain 1405:Dubai 1359:Qatar 1146:Other 962:Apple 838:Apple 785:India 682:Egypt 481:JBIG2 439:0-day 372:Skype 356:Viber 352:Gmail 256:iOS 7 248:macOS 244:Apple 169:of a 95:is a 10196:R2D2 10181:Grum 10174:2019 10158:2018 10124:Kirk 10112:2017 10083:MEMZ 10056:2016 10025:2015 9969:2014 9948:2013 9902:2012 9878:Duqu 9861:2011 9830:2010 9568:Sabu 9320:TDO 9265:GNAA 9199:2019 9173:2018 9115:2017 9049:2016 9008:2015 8962:2014 8926:2013 8900:2012 8854:2011 8817:2010 8644:SSRN 8621:ISBN 8451:2016 8418:2016 8385:2021 8354:2021 8324:2022 8294:2021 8264:2021 8234:2021 8204:2021 8178:2021 8148:2021 8118:2022 8089:2021 8059:2023 8048:ISSN 8025:2023 7961:2022 7913:2021 7882:2022 7852:2021 7801:2022 7771:2022 7745:2022 7719:2022 7693:2022 7662:2021 7632:2021 7598:2021 7520:2021 7494:2020 7472:2021 7441:2023 7430:ISSN 7389:2022 7324:2022 7295:2022 7268:2022 7260:EITB 7239:2022 7146:2022 7101:2021 7070:2021 6994:2022 6968:2022 6936:2019 6905:2018 6873:2019 6858:via 6836:2019 6784:2023 6773:ISSN 6750:2023 6739:ISSN 6716:2022 6642:2022 6611:2022 6581:2022 6551:2022 6519:2022 6489:2022 6459:2022 6426:2022 6396:2022 6366:2024 6340:2022 6310:2022 6279:2021 6230:2022 6204:2021 6174:2021 6147:2020 6116:2022 6086:2022 6054:2022 6024:2023 5974:2019 5943:2017 5869:2019 5838:2019 5826:Ynet 5777:2023 5766:ISSN 5734:2023 5723:ISSN 5700:2022 5670:2022 5596:2024 5571:2022 5545:2022 5516:2023 5418:Ynet 5375:2022 5345:Ynet 5268:2022 5237:2022 5177:2022 5143:2022 5113:2022 5087:2023 5043:2021 5013:2021 4983:2021 4953:2021 4900:2021 4848:2021 4835:NDTV 4816:2022 4783:2021 4753:2021 4723:2021 4692:2021 4660:2022 4630:2021 4600:2023 4535:2023 4510:2024 4467:2023 4441:2022 4415:2024 4407:News 4370:2023 4291:link 4277:2022 4242:2023 4194:2021 4168:2022 4139:2022 4109:2022 4079:2021 4049:2021 4019:2021 3989:2021 3959:2021 3928:2022 3898:2022 3869:2024 3845:2024 3838:CNET 3820:2024 3795:2024 3769:2021 3736:2019 3684:2020 3648:2020 3613:2022 3580:2022 3543:2019 3509:2022 3478:2016 3445:2016 3412:2021 3377:2024 3366:ISSN 3343:2021 3317:2021 3287:2019 3256:2021 3230:2021 3204:2021 3178:2021 3152:2018 3117:2018 3084:2018 3048:2016 3019:2016 2989:2016 2959:2016 2926:2016 2895:2016 2862:2018 2829:2021 2793:2021 2761:2019 2724:2023 2694:2021 2661:2016 2620:2017 2584:2021 2529:2022 2517:Vice 2498:2023 2467:2024 2456:ISSN 2433:2020 2403:2021 2357:ISBN 2197:and 2064:and 2052:and 2034:and 1940:and 1816:ECHR 1804:hack 1664:Togo 1658:and 1650:Togo 1551:and 1309:Sejm 1274:and 1258:, a 1234:and 1004:and 868:Iraq 793:and 670:and 633:and 496:CVEs 485:Xpdf 264:and 115:and 84:.com 64:Type 9919:FBI 9563:MLT 9427:) ( 8722:hdl 8694:doi 8661:doi 8613:doi 8586:doi 8469:BBC 7650:CNN 5620:BBC 4459:RFI 2167:CNN 1932:". 1280:TVP 540:URL 477:GIF 235:URL 227:iOS 113:iOS 80:www 53:iOS 10232:: 8736:. 8702:. 8690:27 8688:. 8684:. 8667:. 8629:. 8619:. 8594:. 8582:65 8580:. 8576:. 8542:. 8523:. 8504:. 8485:. 8467:. 8441:. 8435:. 8408:. 8402:. 8375:. 8371:. 8340:. 8310:. 8280:. 8254:. 8250:. 8224:. 8220:. 8164:. 8138:. 8134:. 8075:. 8046:. 8042:. 8016:. 7997:. 7978:. 7930:. 7903:. 7899:. 7868:. 7842:. 7838:. 7817:. 7787:. 7762:. 7736:. 7710:. 7683:. 7679:. 7648:. 7622:. 7618:. 7584:. 7564:. 7462:. 7458:. 7428:. 7424:. 7405:. 7379:. 7359:. 7341:. 7315:. 7303:^ 7285:. 7258:. 7247:^ 7229:. 7223:. 7202:. 7182:. 7162:. 7136:. 7091:. 7087:. 7056:. 7034:. 7011:. 6984:. 6952:. 6926:. 6922:. 6895:. 6891:. 6853:. 6822:. 6804:. 6792:^ 6771:. 6767:. 6737:. 6733:. 6702:. 6691:^ 6679:. 6658:. 6597:. 6567:. 6535:. 6505:. 6475:. 6445:. 6434:^ 6412:. 6382:. 6356:. 6326:. 6269:. 6265:. 6221:. 6194:. 6190:. 6164:. 6137:. 6133:. 6102:. 6070:. 6040:. 6015:. 5996:. 5982:^ 5964:. 5960:. 5933:. 5927:. 5908:. 5896:^ 5886:. 5859:. 5855:. 5828:. 5824:. 5818:. 5796:. 5785:^ 5764:. 5760:. 5742:^ 5721:. 5717:. 5686:. 5660:. 5656:. 5587:. 5561:. 5535:. 5524:^ 5507:. 5361:. 5325:^ 5258:. 5254:. 5227:. 5223:. 5185:^ 5167:. 5163:. 5151:^ 5129:. 5103:. 5077:. 5059:. 5033:. 5029:. 5003:. 4999:. 4969:. 4943:. 4939:. 4922:, 4884:. 4864:. 4838:. 4832:. 4802:. 4791:^ 4773:. 4769:. 4739:. 4713:. 4709:. 4676:. 4646:. 4616:. 4568:. 4557:^ 4526:. 4501:. 4483:. 4457:. 4431:. 4405:. 4361:. 4342:^ 4332:. 4318:^ 4308:. 4287:}} 4283:{{ 4268:. 4250:^ 4232:. 4214:. 4202:^ 4185:. 4159:. 4147:^ 4125:. 4095:. 4065:. 4035:. 4005:. 3975:. 3945:. 3914:. 3888:. 3884:. 3836:. 3811:. 3785:. 3759:. 3753:. 3726:. 3722:. 3701:. 3674:. 3670:. 3656:^ 3638:. 3634:. 3621:^ 3599:. 3588:^ 3566:. 3551:^ 3533:. 3529:. 3517:^ 3499:. 3495:. 3468:. 3462:. 3435:. 3429:. 3398:. 3385:^ 3364:. 3360:. 3303:. 3277:. 3273:. 3194:. 3136:. 3125:^ 3107:. 3101:. 3074:. 3068:. 3027:^ 3005:. 2975:. 2949:. 2943:. 2916:. 2912:. 2885:. 2879:. 2852:. 2846:. 2819:. 2815:. 2801:^ 2777:. 2751:. 2747:. 2741:. 2710:. 2680:. 2669:^ 2628:^ 2610:. 2604:. 2592:^ 2574:. 2570:. 2551:. 2537:^ 2519:. 2515:. 2488:. 2484:. 2454:. 2450:. 2423:. 2419:. 2393:. 2387:. 2191:, 2185:, 2179:, 2165:, 2114:, 2108:, 2102:, 2096:, 2086:, 1980:UN 1868:. 1828:UK 1745:. 1722:. 1666:. 1646:. 1577:. 1361:. 1331:. 1012:. 1000:, 957:. 927:, 860:, 522:, 498:. 374:. 366:, 362:, 358:, 354:, 350:, 218:. 158:. 146:, 142:, 138:, 123:. 55:, 9431:) 9423:( 8768:e 8761:t 8754:v 8728:. 8724:: 8710:. 8696:: 8675:. 8663:: 8650:. 8637:. 8615:: 8602:. 8588:: 8527:. 8508:. 8453:. 8420:. 8387:. 8356:. 8326:. 8296:. 8266:. 8236:. 8206:. 8180:. 8150:. 8120:. 8091:. 8061:. 8027:. 8001:. 7982:. 7963:. 7934:. 7915:. 7884:. 7854:. 7823:. 7803:. 7773:. 7747:. 7721:. 7695:. 7664:. 7634:. 7600:. 7570:. 7522:. 7496:. 7474:. 7443:. 7391:. 7345:. 7326:. 7297:. 7270:. 7241:. 7148:. 7103:. 7072:. 6996:. 6970:. 6938:. 6907:. 6875:. 6838:. 6808:. 6786:. 6752:. 6718:. 6685:. 6644:. 6613:. 6583:. 6553:. 6521:. 6491:. 6461:. 6428:. 6398:. 6368:. 6342:. 6312:. 6281:. 6232:. 6206:. 6176:. 6149:. 6118:. 6088:. 6056:. 6026:. 6000:. 5976:. 5945:. 5912:. 5890:. 5871:. 5840:. 5779:. 5736:. 5702:. 5672:. 5598:. 5573:. 5547:. 5518:. 5377:. 5270:. 5239:. 5179:. 5145:. 5115:. 5089:. 5045:. 5015:. 4985:. 4955:. 4902:. 4850:. 4818:. 4785:. 4755:. 4725:. 4694:. 4662:. 4632:. 4602:. 4537:. 4512:. 4469:. 4443:. 4417:. 4372:. 4336:. 4312:. 4293:) 4279:. 4244:. 4218:. 4196:. 4170:. 4141:. 4111:. 4081:. 4051:. 4021:. 3991:. 3961:. 3930:. 3900:. 3847:. 3822:. 3797:. 3771:. 3738:. 3707:. 3686:. 3650:. 3615:. 3582:. 3545:. 3511:. 3480:. 3447:. 3414:. 3379:. 3345:. 3319:. 3289:. 3258:. 3232:. 3206:. 3180:. 3154:. 3119:. 3086:. 3050:. 3021:. 2991:. 2961:. 2928:. 2897:. 2864:. 2831:. 2795:. 2763:. 2726:. 2696:. 2663:. 2622:. 2586:. 2555:. 2531:. 2500:. 2469:. 2435:. 2405:. 2365:.

Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.

Index