Paul Robeson - Knowledge

1591: 2554: 1304: 2759: 1933: 2040:, showcasing his views and those of his circle. Most issues had a column by Robeson, on the front page. In the final issue, July–August 1955, an unsigned column on the front page of the newspaper described the struggle for the restoration of his passport. It called for support from the leading African-American organizations, and asserted that "Negroes, all Americans who have breathed a sigh of relief at the easing of international tensions... have a stake in the Paul Robeson passport case." An article by Robeson appeared on the second page continuing the passport issue under the headline: "If Enough People Write Washington I'll Get My Passport in a Hurry." 5381:"And there is an 'Othello' when I am ready.... One of the great measures of a people is its culture. Above all things, we boast that the only true artistic contributions of America are Negro in origin. We boast of the culture of ancient Africa. n any discussion of art or culture, music and the drama and its interpretation. So today Roland Hayes is infinitely more of a racial asset than many who 'talk' at great length. Thousands of people hear him, see him, are moved by him, and are brought to a clearer understanding of human values. If I can do something of a like nature, I shall be happy. My early experiences give me much hope." cf. 736: 1543: 16773: 2441: 39: 16785: 1607: 14856: 16797: 1236:, to critical and popular acclaim. He received, with immense pride, an honorary master's degree from Rutgers. It is said that Foster Sanford, his college football coach advised him that divorcing Essie and marrying Ashcroft would do irreparable damage to his reputation. In any case, Ashcroft and Robeson's relationship ended in 1932, and Robeson and Essie reconciled, leaving their relationship scarred permanently. 823: 876: 1224:. The production received mixed reviews which noted Robeson's "highly civilized quality grand style." Robeson stated the best way to diminish the oppression African Americans faced was for his artistic work to be an example of what "men of my colour" could accomplish rather than to "be a propagandist and make speeches and write articles about what they call the Colour Question." 16809: 1448: 1634:(1940), set in a Welsh coal-mining town. The film was still being shot when Hitler's invasion of Poland led to England's declaration of war at the beginning of September 1939; several weeks later, just after the completion of filming, Robeson and his family returned to the United States, arriving in New York in October 1939. They lived at first in the 2027:

what some saw as his "extreme advocacy on behalf of the independence of the colonial peoples of Africa." When Robeson met with State Department officials and asked why he was denied a passport, he was told that "his frequent criticism of the treatment of blacks in the United States should not be aired in foreign countries".

8534:, p. 6. The Rutgers University list was presented to Walsh by Gordon A. McCoy, Director of Publicity for Rutgers, and although this list says that Rutgers had two All-Americans at the time of the publishing of the book, the book only lists the other All-American and does not list Robeson as being an All-American. 4874: 783:

menial jobs. Three years later when Robeson was six, his mother, who was nearly blind, died in a house fire. Eventually, William became financially incapable of providing a house for himself and his children still living at home, Ben and Paul, so they moved into the attic of a store in Westfield, New Jersey.

806:, sang in the chorus, and excelled in football, basketball, baseball and track. His athletic dominance elicited racial taunts which he ignored. Prior to his graduation, he won a statewide academic contest for a scholarship to Rutgers and was named class valedictorian. He took a summer job as a waiter in 2106:

by the Soviet Union. Unable to travel to Moscow, he accepted the award in New York. In April 1953, shortly after Stalin's death, Robeson penned "To You My Beloved Comrade", praising Stalin as dedicated to peace and a guide to the world: "Through his deep humanity, by his wise understanding, he leaves

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protect the Soviet Union's reputation, and to keep the right wing of the United States from gaining the moral high ground, Robeson denied that any persecution existed in the Soviet Union, and kept the meeting secret for the rest of his life, except from his son. On June 20, 1949, Robeson spoke at the

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cause and the war's refugees. He permanently modified his renditions of "Ol' Man River" – initially, by singing the word "darkies" instead of "niggers"; later, by changing some of the stereotypical dialect in the lyrics to standard English and replacing the fatalistic last verse ("Ah gits weary / An'

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Paul Jr. has stated that his father's health problems stemmed from the CIA's and MI5's attempts to "neutralize" his father. He remembered that his father had had such fears before his prostate operation. He said that three doctors treating Robeson in London and New York had been CIA contractors, and

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demanded that he return his passport. Robeson refused. At the FBI's request, the State Department voided Robeson's passport and instructed customs officials to prevent any attempt by Robeson to leave the country. An isolated existence inside United States borders afforded him less freedom to express

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whom he had met during World War II. He let Soviet authorities know that he wanted to see him. Reluctant to lose Robeson as a propagandist for the Soviet Union, the Soviets brought Feffer from prison to him. Feffer told him that Mikhoels had been murdered, and predicted that he would be executed. To

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On January 23, 1976, following complications of a stroke, Robeson died in Philadelphia at the age of 77. He lay in state in Harlem and his funeral was held at his brother Ben's former parish, Mother Zion AME Zion Church, where Bishop J. Clinton Hoggard performed the eulogy. His 12 pall bearers

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At a Carnegie Hall tribute to mark his 75th birthday in 1973, he was unable to attend, but a taped message from him was played that said: "Though I have not been able to be active for several years, I want you to know that I am the same Paul, dedicated as ever to the worldwide cause of humanity for

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During an uncharacteristically wild party in his Moscow hotel room, Robeson locked himself in his bedroom and attempted suicide by cutting his wrists. Three days later, under Soviet medical care, he told his son, who had received news about his condition and traveled to Moscow, that he felt extreme

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The success of his acting placed him in elite social circles and his rise to fame, which was forcefully aided by Essie, had happened very rapidly. Essie's ambition for Robeson was a startling dichotomy to his indifference. She quit her job, became his agent, and negotiated his first movie role in a

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You may, like me, feel embarrassed for Robeson. To portray on the public screen your own race as a smiling but cunning rogue, as clay in a woman's hands (especially when she is of the sophisticated American Brand), as toady to the white man is no small feat ... It is important to remember that the

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the "white press ... ignored the continuing inability of white America to tolerate a black maverick who refused to bend, ... downplayed the racist component central to his persecution" "gingerly" "respect and tipped their hat to him as a 'great American'," while the black American press, "which

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Both British and American intelligence services were well aware of Robeson's suicidal state of mind: An FBI memo described Robeson's debilitated condition, remarking that his "death would be much publicized" and would be used for Communist propaganda, necessitating continued surveillance. Numerous

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Due to the reaction to the promulgation of Robeson's political views, his recordings and films were removed from public distribution, and he was universally condemned in the U.S. press. During the height of the Cold War, it became increasingly difficult in the United States to hear Robeson sing on

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and refused to reveal his political affiliations. When asked why he had not remained in the Soviet Union because of his affinity with its political ideology, he replied, "because my father was a slave and my people died to build , I am going to stay here, and have a part of it just like you and no

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saying that "We in America do not forget that it was on the backs of the white workers from Europe and on the backs of millions of Blacks that the wealth of America was built. And we are resolved to share it equally. We reject any hysterical raving that urges us to make war on anyone. Our will to

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made Robeson an international movie star; but the stereotypical portrayal of a colonial African was seen as embarrassing to his stature as an artist and damaging to his reputation. The Commissioner of Nigeria to London protested the film as slanderous to his country, and Robeson thereafter became

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In 1900, a disagreement between William and white financial supporters of the Witherspoon church arose with apparent racial undertones, which were prevalent in Princeton. William, who had the support of his entirely black congregation, resigned in 1901. The loss of his position forced him to work

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for his athletic, academic, and singing talents. At this time his father fell grievously ill. Robeson took the sole responsibility in caring for him, shuttling between Rutgers and Somerville. His father, who was the "glory of his boyhood years" soon died, and at Rutgers, Robeson expounded on the

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In 1972, Penn State established a formal cultural center on the University Park campus. Students and staff chose to name the center for Robeson. A street in Princeton, New Jersey, is named after him. In addition, the block of Davenport Street in Somerville, New Jersey, where St. Thomas AME Zion

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to comment on Robeson's Paris speech. Robinson testified that Robeson's statements, "'if accurately reported', were silly'". Days later, the announcement of a concert headlined by Robeson in New York City provoked the local press to decry the use of their community to support "subversives". The

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published a poem featuring his achievements. In his valedictory speech, he exhorted his classmates to work for equality for all Americans. At Rutgers, Robeson also gained a reputation for his singing, having a deep rich voice which some saw as bass with a high range, others as baritone with low

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Numerous celebrations were held in honor of Robeson over the next several years, including at public arenas that had previously shunned him, but he saw few visitors aside from close friends and gave few statements apart from messages to support current civil rights and international movements,

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Essie had learned early in their marriage that Robeson had extramarital affairs, but she tolerated them. However, when she discovered that he was having another affair, she unfavorably altered the characterization of him in his biography, and defamed him by describing him with "negative racial

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on the border between Washington state and the Canadian province of British Columbia. Robeson returned to perform a second concert at the Peace Arch in 1953, and over the next two years, two further concerts took place. In this period, with the encouragement of his friend the Welsh politician

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named Robeson America's "no. 1 entertainer". Nevertheless, during a tour in 1940, the Beverly Wilshire Hotel was the only major Los Angeles hotel willing to accommodate him due to his race, at an exorbitant rate and registered under an assumed name, and he therefore dedicated two hours every

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published a false transcript of his speech which gave the impression that Robeson had equated America with a Fascist state. In an interview, Robeson said the "danger of Fascism has averted". Nevertheless, the speech publicly attributed to him was a catalyst for his being seen as an enemy of

1853:, "the Negroes will defend themselves". Truman immediately terminated the meeting and declared that the time was not right to propose anti-lynching legislation. Subsequently, Robeson publicly called upon all Americans to demand that Congress pass civil rights legislation. Robeson founded the 1124:

was born in November 1927 in New York, while Robeson and Brown toured Europe. Essie experienced complications from the birth, and by mid-December, her health had deteriorated dramatically. Ignoring Essie's objections, her mother wired Robeson and he immediately returned to her bedside. Essie

4868: 1496:") – transforming it from a tragic "song of resignation with a hint of protest implied" into a battle hymn of unwavering defiance. His business agent expressed concern about his political involvement, but Robeson overruled him and decided that contemporary events trumped commercialism. In 2771:

Church still stands, is called Paul Robeson Boulevard. In West Philadelphia, the Paul Robeson High School is named after him. To celebrate the 100th anniversary of Robeson's graduation, Rutgers University named an open-air plaza after him on Friday, April 12, 2019. The plaza, next to the

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in 1943, and became the first African American to play the role with a white supporting cast on Broadway. The production was a success, running for 296 performances on Broadway (a record for a Shakespeare production on Broadway that still stands), and winning for Robeson the first

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us a rich and monumental heritage." Robeson's opinions about the Soviet Union kept his passport out of reach and stopped his return to the entertainment industry and the civil rights movement. In his opinion, the Soviet Union was the guarantor of political balance in the world.

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fascist-minded people will drive me from it!" At that hearing, Robeson stated "Whether I am or not a Communist is irrelevant. The question is whether American citizens, regardless of their political beliefs or sympathies, may enjoy their constitutional rights."

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purposes and China's intervention in the Korean War was necessary to defend the security of millions of people in Asia. Robeson credited "American peace sentiment" as a crucial factor in U.S. President Truman not using nuclear weapons and in recalling General

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was less well received. He answered criticism of its plot by writing that fate had drawn him to the "untrodden path" of drama, that the true measure of a culture is in its artistic contributions, and that the only true American culture was African-American.

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is extremely valuable in the racial – social question – it is straight from the shoulder". In early 1936, he decided to send his son to school in the Soviet Union to shield him from racist attitudes. He then played the role of

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in his teens and eventually became the minister of Princeton's Witherspoon Street Presbyterian Church in 1881. Robeson had three brothers: William Drew Jr. (born 1881), Reeve (born c. 1887), and Ben (born c. 1893); and one sister, Marian (born c. 1895).

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multitudes of this country who see Africa in this film, are being encouraged to believe this fudge is real. It is a disturbing thought. To exploit the past is the historian's loss. To exploit the present means in this case, the disgrace of a Continent.

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In 1949, some Chinese editors published children cartoons presenting him as an artistic and revolutionary hero. In contemporary China, Robeson continues to be praised for his art and as a friend to China, including for his role in globalizing the

8526:, pp. 16–18, 32. The information in the book was compiled by information from the colleges, ".. but many deserving names are missing entirely from the pages of book because ... their alma mater was unable to provide them. – 2923:(2012) includes the character Jesse Austin, "a black singer, political activist and communist sympathizer modeled after real-life actor/activist Paul Robeson." Robeson also appears in short fiction published in the online literary magazines the 1227:

After Essie discovered Robeson had been having an affair with Ashcroft, she decided to seek a divorce and they split up. While working in London, Robeson became one of the first artists to record at the new EMI Recording Studios (later known as

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and the United States State Department arranged for the article to be printed and distributed in Africa in order to damage Robeson's reputation and reduce his popularity and Communism's popularity in colonial countries. Another article by

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A book reviewed in early 1950 as "the most complete record on college football" failed to list Robeson as ever having played on the Rutgers team and as ever having been an All-American. Months later, NBC canceled Robeson's appearance on

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afternoon to sitting in the lobby, where he was widely recognised, "to ensure that the next time Black[s] come through, they'll have a place to stay." Los Angeles hotels lifted their restrictions on black guests soon afterwards.

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retort that Robeson had made a "jolly well ", he also announced that he would reject any offers to perform central European (though not Russian, which he considered "Asiatic") opera because the music had no connection to his heritage.

2334:. Robeson subsequently demanded that the Australian government provide them with full citizenship and equal rights. He attacked the view that they were unsophisticated and uncultured, and declared that "there's no such thing as a 11313: 1692:. Once Russia was attacked, he urged blacks to support the war effort, now warning that an Allied defeat would "make slaves of us all". Robeson participated in benefit concerts on behalf of the war effort and at a concert at the 1183:. He reflected on his life in his diary and wrote that it was all part of a "higher plan" and "God watches over me and guides me. He's with me and lets me fight my own battles and hopes I'll win." However, an incident at the 1888:

where he responded to questions about his affiliation with the Communist Party USA (CPUSA) by testifying that he was not a member of the CPUSA. Nevertheless, two organizations with which Robeson was intimately involved, the

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informally, as membership required attending all-white mixers. He also joined the other collegiate athletic teams. As a sophomore, amidst Rutgers' sesquicentennial celebration, he was benched when a Southern football team,

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The main campus library at Rutgers University-Camden is named after Robeson, as is the campus center at Rutgers University-Newark. The Paul Robeson Cultural Center is on the campus of Rutgers University, New Brunswick.

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On a trip to Moscow, Robeson experienced bouts of dizziness and heart problems and was hospitalized for two months while Essie was diagnosed with operable cancer. He recovered and returned to the UK to visit the

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The rationale for Robeson's sudden interest in African history is viewed as inexplicable by one of his biographers and no biographers have stated an explanation for what Duberman terms a "sudden interest"; cf.

1912:, at risk to his own life, to campaign for him. In the ensuing year, Robeson was forced to go overseas to work because his concert performances were canceled at the FBI's behest. While on tour, he spoke at the 3023:

A jazz poetry opera, "Paul Robeson: Man of the People" by Lasana Katembe and Ernest Dawkins debuted at The Cabaret in Indianapolis, Indiana on May 31, 2024, and will have its Chicago premiere on June 7, 2024.

2165:". In 1956, after public pressure brought a one-time exemption to the travel ban, Robeson performed two concerts in Canada in February, one in Toronto and the other at a union convention in Sudbury, Ontario. 16959: 1523:, whereat Nehru expounded on imperialism's affiliation with Fascism. Robeson reevaluated the direction of his career and decided to focus on the ordeals of "common people". He appeared in the pro-labor play 1399: 2739:

where Robeson lived in 1929–30. On May 18, 2002, a memorial concert celebrating the 50th anniversary of Robeson's concert across the Canadian border took place on the same spot at Peace Park in Vancouver.

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was renamed Paul-Robeson-Straße, and the street name remains in reunified Berlin. An East German stamp featuring Robeson's face was issued with the text "For Peace Against Racism, Paul Robeson 1898–1976."

9738: 2378:, exhaustion and the beginning of circulatory and heart problems. "ven without an organic predisposition and accumulated pressures of government harassment he might have been susceptible to a breakdown." 8750: 6202: 2499:

After Essie, who had been his spokesperson to the media, died in December 1965, Robeson moved in with his son's family in New York City. He was rarely seen strolling near his Harlem apartment on

1057:. The role terrified and galvanized Robeson, as it was practically a 90-minute soliloquy. Reviews declared him an unequivocal success. Though arguably clouded by its controversial subject, his Jim in 1810:

in China, and denounced U.S. support for Chiang at political events over the course of 1945–1946, including the World Peace Conference and the National Peace Commission. In Robeson's view, the KMT's

722:", in 1925. Robeson's recorded repertoire spanned many styles, including Americana, popular standards, classical music, European folk songs, political songs, poetry and spoken excerpts from plays. 8725: 10408: 16608: 16441: 9836: 10348: 4288: 3943: 1590: 1515:, singing to the wounded soldiers. Robeson also visited the battlefront and provided a morale boost to the Republicans at a time when their victory was unlikely. Back in England, he hosted 14905: 2092: 11317: 8828: 2751:, a company that specializes in releasing special-edition versions of classic and contemporary films, released a DVD boxed set of Robeson films. In 2009, Robeson was inducted into the 10587: 11796: 2503:, and his son responded to press inquiries that his "father's health does not permit him to perform, or answer questions." In 1968, he settled at his sister's home in Philadelphia. 9054: 11498: 10950: 10911: 9192: 6312: 3469: 11529: 2408:(ECT) and was given heavy doses of drugs for nearly two years, with no accompanying psychotherapy. During his treatment at the Priory, Robeson was being monitored by the British 7718: 7590: 10285: 2303:

In October 1960, Robeson embarked on a two-month concert tour of Australia and New Zealand with Essie, primarily to generate money, at the behest of Australian politician

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until 1945, and subsequently, his political efforts with the CAA to get colonial powers to discontinue their exploitation of Africa were short-circuited by the United Nations.

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wrote that while McCarthyism curbed American anti-colonialist politics in the 1940s such as Robeson's, "the of the late 1950s and 1960s would vindicate his anti-colonial ."

652:(1936). Robeson's political activities began with his involvement with unemployed workers and anti-imperialist students in Britain, and it continued with his support for the 16086: 9235: 2840: 17074: 11148: 3293: 17059: 13815: 8001: 6538: 2635:

for his performance. His Othello was characterised by Michael A. Morrison in 2011 as a high point in Shakespearean theatre in the 20th century. In 1930, while performing

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ensued in which violent anti-Robeson protests shut down a Robeson concert on August 27, 1949, and marred the aftermath of the replacement concert held eight days later.

1220:. He cited the lack of a "racial problem" in London as significant in his decision to move to London. Robeson was the first black actor to play Othello in Britain since 7851: 2428:. Given psychotherapy and less medication, his physicians found him still "completely without initiative" and they expressed "doubt and anger" about the "high level of 842:

team, and his resolve to make the squad was tested as his teammates engaged in excessive play, during which his nose was broken and his shoulder dislocated. The coach,

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and ECT" that had been administered in London. He rapidly improved, though his doctor stressed that "what little is left of Paul's health must be quietly conserved."

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Robeson left Australia as a respected, albeit controversial, figure and his support for Aboriginal rights had a profound effect in Australia over the next decade.

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and transferred to Columbia Law School in February 1920. Already known in the black community for his singing, he was selected to perform at the dedication of the

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until September 1961, when he left for London. There his depression reemerged, and after another period of recuperation in Moscow, he returned to London.

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Robeson embarked on a world tour using London as his base. In 1958, he gave 28 performances at towns and cities around the UK. In April 1959 he starred in

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In December 1963, Robeson returned to the United States and for the remainder of his life lived mainly in seclusion. He momentarily assumed a role in the

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paranoia, he thought that the walls of the room were moving and, overcome by a powerful sense of emptiness and depression, he tried to take his own life.

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The African American Theatre Directory, 1816–1960: A Comprehensive Guide to Early Black Theatre Organizations, Companies, Theatres, and Performing Groups

3811:"Robeson Found Emphasis to Win Too Great in College Football: Giant Negro Actor and Singer, Former Grid Star, Says Color Prejudices Forgotten on Stage". 2110:

In a symbolic act of defiance against the travel ban, in May 1952, labor unions in the United States and Canada organized a concert at the International

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Glazer, Peter (2007). "The lifted fist: performing the Spanish Civil War, New York City, 1936–1939". In Carroll, Peter N.; Fernández, James D. (eds.).

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on a live CBS radio broadcast on November 5, with a repeat performance on New Year's Day 1940, the song became a popular seller. In 1940, the magazine

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In 1956, Robeson was called before HUAC after he refused to sign an affidavit affirming that he was not a Communist. In his testimony, he invoked the

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Sources are unclear if Robeson unilaterally took the final product of the film as insulting or if his distaste was abetted by criticism of the film.

2216: 2134: 5419:"'I Owe My Success To My Wife,' Says Paul Robeson, Star In O'Neill's Drama: Tendered Informal Reception in New York – Newspapers Well Represented". 3016:" ("Our Negro brother Paul Robeson"). There were nation-wide celebrations in India on Robeson's 60th birthday in 1958, with the then prime minister 2172:(where the 1,000 available concert tickets for "Let Robeson Sing" sold out within an hour) via the recently completed transatlantic telephone cable 1353:, in the Soviet Union, Robeson said, "Here I am not a Negro but a human being for the first time in my life ... I walk in full human dignity." 17094: 17009: 16358: 14453: 8818: 8798: 7461: 5129: 3927: 1187:, in which he was refused seating, caused him to issue a press release describing the insult which subsequently became a matter of public debate. 16202: 11006: 10781: 9600: 1970:." He was blacklisted for saying this in the mainstream press within the United States, including in many periodicals of the Negro press such as 1898: 4325:"Four Coaches – O'Neill of Columbia, Sanderson of Rutgers, Gargan of Fordham, and Thorp of N.Y.U. – Worrying About Outcome of Impending Battles" 2544:

had never, overall, been as hostile to Robeson" opined that his life " '... would always be a challenge to white and Black America.'"

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and efforts to denigrate their culture. Thereabouts, Robeson publicly stated "... the people of the lands of Socialism want peace dearly".

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mainstream America. Robeson refused to bow to public criticism when he advocated in favor of twelve defendants, including his long-time friend,

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Mantle, Burns (May 25, 1924). "'All God's Chillun' Plays Without a Single Protest: O'Neill Makes Good Threat to Produce 'All God's Chillun'".

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to the "same sort of people who overthrew the Spanish Republican Government" and supported the Soviet invasion and suppression of the revolt.

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includes the song "Paul Robeson (Born to Be Free)", which features spoken quotes of Robeson as part of the song. These quotes are drawn from

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In late 1915, Robeson became the third African-American student ever enrolled at Rutgers, and the only one at the time. He tried out for the

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wrote that Robeson's health breakdown was probably brought on by a combination of factors including extreme emotional and physical stress,

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with Paul Robeson Jr. who shares his memories about a conversation Robeson had in 1949 in a room at the Moscow Hotel with the Jewish poet

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Back in London after his Australia and New Zealand tour, Robeson expressed a desire to return to the United States and participate in the

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in honor of the singer. TASS said the ship's crew established a Robeson museum aboard the tanker. After Robeson's death, a street in the

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was a turning point in his life and transformed him into a political activist. In 1937, he used his concert performances to advocate the

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memos advised that Robeson should be denied a passport renewal, an obstacle that was likely to further jeopardize his recovery process.

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On March 6, 2019, the city council of New Brunswick, New Jersey, approved the renaming of Commercial Avenue to Paul Robeson Boulevard.

11619: 10723: 7710: 7582: 2569:. His achievements in sport and culture were all the more impressive given the barriers of racism he had to surmount. Robeson brought 1300:

and its influence on culture coincided with his essay "I Want to be African", wherein he wrote of his desire to embrace his ancestry.

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where he sang classic Russian songs along with American standards. Robeson and Essie then flew to Yalta to rest and spend time with

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continued for 350 performances and, as of 2001, it remained the Royal's most profitable venture. The Robesons bought a home in

1172: 1155:" became the benchmark for all future performers of the song. Some black critics objected to the play's use of the then common 1037:, which culminated with Jim metaphorically consummating his marriage with his white wife by symbolically emasculating himself. 653: 434: 430: 10473: 10268: 10022: 5839: 2194:

silenced Robeson on Stalin, although Robeson continued to praise the Soviet Union. That year Robeson, along with close friend

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and condemned its nuclear threats against China. In Robeson's view, the United States had manipulated the United Nations for

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Robeson entered New York University School of Law in fall 1919. To support himself, he became an assistant football coach at

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Rogers, J A (October 6, 1928). "'Show Boat' Pleasure-Disappointment": Rogers Gives New View Says Race Talent Is Submerged".

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on the College Avenue campus at Rutgers, New Brunswick, features eight black granite panels with details of Robeson's life.

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was crucial to civil rights became a mainstay of his political beliefs as he became a proponent of the union activist and

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In 2004, the U.S. Postal Service issued a 37-cent stamp honoring Robeson. In 2006, a plaque was unveiled in his honor at

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in 1910, where Robeson filled in for his father during sermons when he was called away. In 1912, Robeson began attending

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Swingin' on the Ether Waves: A Chronological History of African Americans in Radio and Television Programming, 1925–1955

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Furst, Randy (October 7, 2015). "Singer Paul Robeson was banned at the University of Minnesota during the Cold War."

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saying: "This occasion deserves celebration…because Paul Robeson is one of the greatest artistes of our generation."

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into the American mainstream. He was among the first artists to refuse to perform to segregated audiences. Historian

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stances, Robeson declined to meet with him. Robeson eventually met with Farmer, but because he was asked to denounce

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In August 1963, disturbed about his treatment, friends and family had Robeson transferred to the Buch Clinic in

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stereotypes". Despite her uncovering of this tryst, there was no public evidence that their relationship had soured.

923: 775: 684: 582: 554: 426: 10401:"From the Valley of Obscurity, Robeson's Baritone Rings Out; 22 Years After His Death, Actor-Activist Gets a Grammy" 6713:, pp. 94–96; cf. (Smith, Vern (January 15, 1935). "'I am at Home,' Says Robeson at Reception in Soviet Union", 1885: 16984: 16914: 16406: 14329: 14278: 13927: 10972: 8914: 3464: 3207: 2904: 839: 376: 303: 13882: 11559: 11282: 7733: 7180: 2064:(now thought to have been the real author of "Paul Robeson – the Lost Shepherd") denounced Robeson as well as the 17029: 16939: 16904: 14428: 14357: 14271: 11396: 9417: 4482: 3199: 2631:

starring Robeson was the longest-running production of a Shakespeare play ever staged on Broadway. He received a

2603: 2500: 2273: 1795:, the Chinese ambassador, became sponsors. However, when the organizers offered tickets on generous terms to the 1564:

Paul Robeson was living in Britain until the start of the Second World War in 1939. His name was included in the

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Yüksel, Metin (2015). "Solidarity without borders: The poetic tributes to Paul Robeson of Goran and Cegerxwîn".

9151: 8294: 7283: 1471:. The friendship between Robeson and Einstein lasted nearly twenty years, but was not well known or publicized. 16934: 16642: 15041: 14122: 13751: 13609: 11086: 1099: 879:

Robeson (far left) was part of the Rutgers University class of 1919 and one of four students accepted into the

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Stalin and the Jews: The Red Book : the Tragedy of the Jewish Anti-Fascist Committee and the Soviet Jews

11855: 5288: 3223: 3065: 2674: 2621: 2613: 2588:. Several public and private establishments he was associated with have been landmarked, or named after him. 2288: 2149:, at that time part of the Workers Music Association, released a single of Robeson singing the labor anthem " 2099:, was largely either ignored or criticized for its association with Communism in America's mainstream press. 2084: 1697: 1342: 1249: 855: 196: 11059: 7427: 4840: 4324: 570:

player, and activist who became famous both for his cultural accomplishments and for his political stances.

17049: 16999: 16964: 15144: 14483: 14285: 13785: 9287: 8119: 3278: 3251: 3215: 2984:

met Robeson in 1949, befriended him and participated in civil rights activities. Hazarika based his iconic

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Robeson's passport was finally restored in 1958 as a result of the U.S. Supreme Court's 5 to 4 decision in

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After returning to the United States in 1939, Robeson supported the American and Allied war efforts during

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In 1960, in what was his final concert performance in Great Britain, Robeson sang to raise money for the

1966:

despite her fascism. We shall support peace and friendship among all nations, with Soviet Russia and the

1685: 8771:

Docker, John (2010). "Raphaël Lemkin, creator of the concept of genocide: a world history perspective".

7845:"International Avant-garde and the Chinese National Anthem: Tian Han, Joris Ivens, and Paul Robeson" in 7468: 6617:"Paul Robeson SOAS tribute with the late Tony Benn now available on YouTube | SOAS University of London" 5928:"Mrs. Paul Robeson Majestic Passenger: Coming to Settle Business Affairs of Her Distinguished Husband". 2758: 1677:, he announced that he would no longer act in films because of the demeaning roles available to blacks. 671:. His history of supporting civil rights causes and Soviet policies, however, brought scrutiny from the 640:, the first of three productions of the play over the course of his career. He also gained attention in 16763: 15047: 14433: 14146: 13953: 13863: 13715: 8614:

Robeson, Paul (July–August 1955). "If Enough People Write Washington I'll Get My Passport in a Hurry".

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for a concert. The pair's rendition of African-American folk songs and spirituals was captivating, and

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Robinson, Eugene (1978). "A Distant Image: Paul Robeson and Rutgers' Students". In Freedomways (ed.).

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Re-envisioning the Chinese Revolution: The Politics and Poetics of Collective Memories in Reform China

2307:. While in Sydney, he became the first major artist to perform at the construction site of the future 1303: 998:. He ended his football career after the 1922 season, and graduated from Columbia Law School in 1923. 962:

while he continued his law studies. In the spring of 1922, Robeson postponed school to portray Jim in

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is, so far as the Negro is concerned, a regrettable bit of American n*****ism introduced into Europe.

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Madden, Will Anthony (May 17, 1924). "Paul Robeson Rises To Supreme Heights In 'The Emperor Jones'".

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Yeakey, Lamont H. (1973). "A Student Without Peer: The Undergraduate College Years of Paul Robeson".

3230: 3049: 3041: 2885: 2744: 2599: 2405: 2397: 2177: 1866: 1842: 1281: 1160: 1148: 1117:. Robeson and Brown performed a series of concert tours in America from January 1926 until May 1927. 1076: 578: 12877:

Toussaint Louverture: The Story of the Only Successful Slave Revolt in History; A Play in Three Acts

12794: 11582:"Call Mr. Robeson – Award-winning monodrama with songs celebrating the life and art of Paul Robeson" 10244: 8291:

Paul Robeson collection, Schomburg Center for Research in Black Culture, The New York Public Library

8072: 5814: 4799: 2955: 16919: 15838: 15454: 15238: 14336: 13985: 13980: 11758: 9615: 6687:

Smith, Ronald A. (Summer 1979). "The Paul Robeson–Jackie Robinson Saga and a Political Collision".

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Robeson joined the debating team and he sang off-campus for spending money, and on-campus with the

634:, Robeson continued to establish himself as a concert artist and starred in a London production of 590: 581:, where he was the only African-American student. While at Rutgers, he was twice named a consensus 10745: 10625: 5185: 3809:, pp. 17–18; contra. The dispute is over whether it was a one-year or four-year scholarship. 3181:

Paul Robeson had an extensive recording career; discogs.com lists some 66 albums and 195 singles.

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Three days after arriving back , he became suicidal and suffered a panic attack while passing the

15382: 15137: 14584: 13187: 11893: 11029: 10561: 9108: 9069: 7996: 7457: 3380: 3258: 2877:, on Broadway. This stage drama was made into a TV movie in 1979, starring Jones and directed by 2752: 2227:

After Robeson's passport was returned in 1958, he immediately left the United States for Europe.

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Still unable to perform abroad in person, on May 26, 1957, Robeson sang for a London audience at

2083:. The document asserted that the United States federal government, by its failure to act against 2051: 1811: 1796: 1752: 1721: 1557: 1272: 1258:

was well received. On the film set he rejected any slight to his dignity, despite the widespread

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Between 1925 and 1961, Robeson released recordings of some 276 songs. The first of these was the

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Cameron, Kenneth M. (October 1, 1990). "Paul Robeson, Eddie Murphy, and the Film Text of 'Africa

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Mr. Robeson's melancholy song about the 'old river' is one of the two chief hits of the evening.

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was still in effect, Robeson counseled American blacks that they had no stake in the rivalry of

494: 16095: 15910: 15894: 15774: 15518: 15510: 15438: 15326: 15302: 15286: 14609: 14578: 14114: 14018: 12545:

Toms, Coons, Mulattoes, Mammies, and Bucks: An Interpretive History of Blacks in American Films

11465: 9967: 8937:"Testimony of Paul Robeson before the House Committee on Un-American Activities, June 12, 1956" 8911:"Testimony of Paul Robeson before the House Committee on Un-American Activities, June 12, 1956" 7714: 5494:"Robeson to Sing for Nursery Fund: Benefit to Be Given in Greenwich Village Theatre March 15". 3335: 3153: 3057: 2851: 2736: 2678: 2472:

and both of them asked him about the possibility of becoming involved in the mainstream of the

2312: 1508: 1196: 1095: 755: 735: 260: 12962: 12635: 10430: 10084: 7869: 7813: 7784: 6875: 6848: 4141: 2655: 2176:. In October of that year, using the same technology, Robeson sang to an audience of 5,000 at 1799:

to help fill the larger venue, both sponsors withdrew, objecting to the NNC's Communist ties.

16829: 16318: 15854: 15610: 15462: 15222: 15025: 14860: 14710: 14589: 14566: 14438: 14350: 14042: 13946: 12672: 11230: 10692: 9366: 9155: 8823: 8780: 7948: 7330: 7221: 6005: 5969: 5933: 5898: 5676: 5637: 5621: 5605: 5538: 5522: 5499: 5424: 5356: 5340: 5296: 5276: 5137: 5089: 5083: 4742: 4378: 3935: 3816: 3279:"Thorpe–M'Millan Fight Great Duel: Robeson Scores Both Touchdowns for Locals Against Indians" 3081: 2888:, British-Nigerian actor Tayo Aluko, himself a baritone soloist, premiered his one-man show, 2648: 2473: 2453: 2350: 2331: 2154: 2076: 1922: 1890: 1725: 1635: 1566: 1440: 1418: 1054: 942: 747: 740: 648: 631: 221: 66: 13794: 13231: 12683: 10780: 10686:"National Register of Historical Places Inventory – Nomination Form: Paul Robeson Residence" 8462: 7920:

Arise, Africa! Roar, China! Black and Chinese Citizens of the World in the Twentieth Century

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section of Manhattan where Robeson lived during the early 1940s was officially renamed the

2616:. In the centenary of his birth, which was commemorated around the world, he was awarded a 2162: 2072: 2011: 1967: 1833:, died in a Beijing prison in 1968, but Robeson continued to send royalties to his family. 1681: 1647: 1639: 1599: 1547: 1467:. The two discovered that, as well as a mutual passion for music, they shared a hatred for 1447: 1395: 1358: 1313: 1285: 994:, a classically trained musician, before returning to Columbia while playing for the NFL's 987: 796: 759: 642: 265: 107: 12479:

The Professor and the Pupil: The Politics and Friendship of W.E.B Du Bois and Paul Robeson

11823:"Singer actor Paul Robeson is still missed and he still inspires 44 years after his death" 10185: 1573: 1109:, before spending the rest of the fall on holiday on the French Riviera, socializing with 504: 8: 15486: 15334: 15278: 15174: 14883: 14811: 14806: 14542: 14082: 12114: 10530: 10370: 8527: 7871:

Death Blow to Jim Crow: The National Negro Congress and the Rise of Militant Civil Rights

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or CAA), Robeson became an advocate for African nationalism and political independence.

15998: 15862: 15830: 15430: 15390: 15310: 15051: 14840: 14816: 14786: 14448: 14392: 14106: 14066: 13877: 13091: 13062: 12782: 12439: 11926: 11493: 11443: 11200: 10891: 3995: 3145: 3105: 2962: 2874: 2647:

and thereafter thought lost, but was rediscovered by Simon Martin, the director of the

2566: 2529: 2308: 2080: 1669: 1229: 594: 574: 103: 16064: 13922: 13074:

Morrison, Michael A. (May 2011). "Paul Robeson's Othello at the Savoy Theatre, 1930".

12301: 10437:. Vol. 53, no. 7. Johnson Publishing Company. May 1, 1998. pp. 110–14. 6955: 2612:

won an Academy Award for best short documentary in 1980. In 1995, he was named to the

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that his father's symptoms resulted from being "subjected to mind de-patterning under

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on this matter and launched the organization on the anniversary of the signing of the

858:, refused to take the field because the Scarlet Knights had fielded a Negro, Robeson. 16326: 16238: 16038: 15422: 15398: 15262: 14735: 14650: 14406: 14264: 13844: 13800: 13747: 13738: 13700: 13696: 13645: 13628: 13588: 13567: 13546: 13525: 13493: 13472: 13448: 13401: 13380: 13359: 13338: 13317: 13296: 13277: 13256: 13237: 13216: 13195: 13173: 13152: 13131: 13110: 13095: 13066: 13031: 13010: 12989: 12968: 12947: 12911: 12881: 12860: 12839: 12818: 12768: 12747: 12726: 12703: 12653: 12623: 12595: 12549: 12528: 12507: 12483: 12446: 12402: 12381: 12349: 12328: 12307: 12246: 12225: 12201: 12180: 12152: 12122: 12083: 12063: 12030: 11860: 11789:"Crossroads Premieres Paul Robeson at NBPAC's Grand Opening, Lion King Actor to Star" 11669: 11447: 11343: 10867: 10857: 10793: 10535: 10092: 9372: 8962: 7954: 7927: 7875: 7821: 7792: 6999: 6982: 6939: 6922: 6854: 5093: 4845: 4151: 3191: 2985: 2266: 2183: 2103: 2016: 2000: 1788: 1780: 1776: 1764: 1480: 1338: 1297: 1263: 1248:, virtually gratis, then returned to the United States to star as Brutus in the film 1184: 1164: 1159:. It was, nonetheless, immensely popular with white audiences. He was summoned for a 1120:

During a hiatus in New York, Robeson learned that Essie was several months pregnant.

1080:(1925). To support a charity for single mothers, Robeson headlined a concert singing 1049: 1028: 995: 968: 807: 711: 657: 603: 598: 567: 400: 10156: 1908:'s bid for the President of the United States, during which Robeson traveled to the 16813: 16491: 16254: 15902: 15554: 15546: 15522: 15478: 15214: 14725: 14690: 14685: 14670: 14645: 14604: 14572: 14343: 14090: 13932: 13729: 13724: 13708: 13462: 13083: 13054: 12695: 12576: 12102: 11931: 11435: 10465: 10344: 10026: 8619: 5207: 4518: 3987: 3928:"Robeson Remembers: An Interview With the Star of 'Othello,' Partly About His Past" 3129: 3017: 2993: 2866: 2859: 2855: 2732: 2620:, as well as a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame. Robeson is also a member of the 2574: 2570: 2375: 2316: 2262: 2169: 2031: 1917: 1905: 1862: 1815: 1756: 1714: 1701: 1630: 1516: 1504: 1464: 1322: 1293: 1262:

atmosphere in the United States. Upon returning to England, he publicly criticized

1205: 1152: 1121: 963: 946: 909: 846:, decided he had overcome the provocation and announced that he had made the team. 528: 247: 143: 126: 20: 11439: 10184:. National Historic Landmarks Program. January 3, 2012. p. 71. Archived from 16789: 16574: 16566: 16022: 15966: 15602: 15586: 15538: 15502: 15406: 15374: 15366: 15270: 15057: 15037: 15005: 14973: 14939: 14935: 14765: 14705: 14655: 14465: 14399: 14050: 13859: 13582: 13561: 13540: 13519: 13508: 13487: 13466: 13442: 13395: 13374: 13353: 13332: 13311: 13271: 13210: 13167: 13146: 13125: 13104: 13025: 13004: 12983: 12896: 12875: 12854: 12833: 12812: 12762: 12741: 12720: 12647: 12589: 12543: 12522: 12501: 12477: 12458: 12426: 12375: 12364: 12343: 12322: 12290: 12279: 12261: 12240: 12219: 12215: 12195: 12174: 12146: 12134: 12079:

Paul Robeson Speaks: Writings, Speeches, and Interviews, a Centennial Celebration

12077: 12057: 11827: 11091: 10691:. United States Department of the Interior: National Park Service. Archived from 10264: 10235: 9962: 8754: 8265: 8152: 8124: 7858:. European Foundation Joris Ivens (Nijmegen), October 2010. Retrieved 2015-01-22. 7855: 7643: 7055: 6624: 5180: 5123: 4878: 4806: 3387: 3297: 3089: 3001: 2981: 2958:, reproduces Robeson's declassified, although still heavily redacted, FBI files. 2782: 2701: 2536: 2521: 2401: 2371: 2250: 2150: 2056: 1987: 1982: 1963: 1959: 1846: 1836: 1803: 1760: 1552: 1460: 1452: 1412: 1363: 951: 927: 404: 394: 13251:

Robeson, Paul Jr. (1978b). "Paul Robeson: Black Warrior". In Freedomways (ed.).

11373: 8784: 7334: 7225: 6594: 6009: 5973: 5937: 5902: 5680: 5641: 5625: 5609: 5542: 5526: 5503: 5428: 5360: 5344: 5300: 5280: 5141: 4746: 3939: 3820: 2826: 2320: 1673:(1942), a production which he felt was "very offensive to my people" due to the 1011:

Robeson briefly worked as a lawyer, but he renounced a career in law because of

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won him first-team All-American selection, in both his junior and senior years.

814:, later to be the first African-American coach in the National Football League. 16616: 16483: 16449: 16366: 15990: 15814: 15806: 15790: 15758: 15618: 15578: 15530: 15494: 15470: 15190: 15160: 15111: 15093: 15069: 15063: 14947: 14770: 14760: 14614: 14594: 13849: 13521:

African American Women and Christian Activism: New York's Black YWCA, 1905–1945

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Seton, Mary (1978). "Paul Robeson on the English Stage". In Freedomways (ed.).

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Raphaël Lemkin, creator of the concept of genocide: a world history perspective

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Early in his life, Robeson was one of the most influential participants in the

2480: 2207: 2195: 2068:(CPUSA) in terms consistent with the anti-Communist FBI propaganda of the era. 2043:

In 1951, an article titled "Paul Robeson – the Lost Shepherd" was published in

2022:

A month after Robeson began criticizing the U.S.'s role in the Korean War, the

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and team owners in a failed attempt to convince them to admit black players to

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In 1928, Robeson played "Joe" in the London production of the American musical

1110: 1071: 900: 888: 763: 719: 703: 278: 14206: 13868: 13087: 12622:. Canberra, Australia: Australian National University Press. pp. 163–84. 12580: 10871: 8936: 8165: 7062:, Vol. 95, No. 4 (December 2004), pp. 627–39. The University of Chicago Press. 7048: 2459: 1950:

fight for peace is strong. We shall not make war on anyone. We shall not make

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for Best Actor in a Play. During the same period, he addressed a meeting with

683:. When he refused to recant his public advocacy of his political beliefs, the 16823: 16725: 16709: 16650: 16542: 16518: 16510: 16467: 16334: 16310: 16294: 16226: 16218: 15974: 15878: 15870: 15782: 15722: 15714: 15706: 15626: 15594: 15294: 15105: 15087: 15031: 15001: 14977: 14961: 14750: 14745: 14665: 14660: 14619: 14599: 14364: 14322: 14199: 14185: 14171: 13657: 13584:

The Passionate War: The Narrative History of the Spanish Civil War, 1936–1939

13233:

African American Films Through 1959: A Comprehensive, Illustrated Filmography

12148:

The Messenger Reader: Stories, Poetry, and Essays from The Messenger Magazine

11985: 11728: 10654: 9622: 9595: 8145: 7214:"Spanish Relief Efforts: Albert Hall Meeting £1,000 Collected for Children". 7154: 7020:. Hobart, Tas.: National Library of Australia. February 12, 1938. p. 5. 7011: 5199: 4155: 3455: 2992:" ("Of the wide shores") on Robeson's "Ol' Man River", later translated into 2914: 2806: 2772: 2663: 2525: 2465: 2327: 2158: 2146: 2116: 2049:

and attributed to Robert Alan, although Paul Jr. suspected it was written by

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and admonished Truman by stating that if he did not enact legislation to end

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in early 1941. Robeson gave further performances at benefit concerts for the

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which was labeled by the FBI as communist propaganda. After an appearance in

1615: 1201: 978: 904: 880: 826: 811: 563: 13917: 13045:

McConnell, Lauren (2010). "Understanding Paul Robeson's Soviet Experience".

9120: 9081: 7325:"India's Struggle for Freedom : Mr. Nehru on Imperialism and Fascism". 7107:

Glazer defines it as a change from a "lyric of defeat into a rallying cry".

5616:"Paul Robeson, Lawrence Brown Score Big New York Success With Negro Songs". 2440: 2330:

and other activists who aroused the Robesons' concern for the plight of the

1512: 16677: 16634: 16550: 16246: 16109: 15982: 15950: 15926: 15822: 15798: 15766: 15694: 15642: 15634: 15562: 15446: 15246: 15117: 15019: 15015: 14957: 14943: 14791: 14740: 14675: 13776: 13768: 13764: 13704: 12835:

American blacklist: the attorney general's list of subversive organizations

12707: 12640: 12463: 12431: 12412: 12139: 12067: 11959:"'Man of the People' celebrates the larger-than-life story of Paul Robeson" 11927:"Remembering a Revolutionary Artist: Paul Robeson and His India Connection" 11697: 11522:"Phillip Hayes Dean, the Playwright of Divisive 'Paul Robeson,' Dies at 83" 11118: 10851: 10214: 9718: 9673:

Robeson, Paul Jr. (December 20, 1999). "Time Out: The Paul Robeson files".

9187: 8624: 7542: 7216: 6533: 6340: 2907:

had a semi-biographical song about Paul Robeson's life on their 2006 album

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more politically conscious in his choice of roles. He appeared in the play

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The Unknown 1930s: An Alternative History of the British Cinema, 1929–1939

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W.E.B. Du Bois, 1919–1963: The Fight for Equality and the American Century

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Wales Unchained: Literature, politics and identity in the American century

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in order to assume a place in the mainstream, Robeson adamantly declined.

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organization in 1946. This organization was thought to be a threat to the

1818:

meant that China was fighting Japan "with one hand tied behind its back".

585:

in football and was elected class valedictorian. He earned his LL.B. from

16801: 16749: 16733: 16475: 16046: 15942: 15674: 15650: 15570: 15129: 15081: 14981: 14967: 14929: 14755: 14680: 14629: 14624: 14459: 14098: 13885:. Lesson by Ursula Wolfe-Rocca (Paul Robeson is featured in this lesson). 13690: 13444:

Going Through the Storm: The Influence of African American Art in History

9089: 3137: 2947: 2728: 2705: 2425: 2212: 2096: 2061: 1772: 1744: 1689: 1663: 1334: 935: 914:

notes. Throughout his career, Robeson was classified as a bass-baritone.

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considered him the greatest end ever. Academically, he was accepted into

896: 869: 771: 38: 16784: 13732: 13639: 13622: 10976: 10588:"Paul Robeson zu Gast Unter den Linden – Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin" 9418:"Paul Robeson: The singer who fought for justice and paid with his life" 8990:"Paul Robeson: the singer who fought for justice and paid with his life" 7814:"The March of the Volunteers': From Movie Theme Song to National Anthem" 6993: 6976: 6933: 6916: 2215:

amounted to a violation of constitutionally protected liberty under the

1936:

Label of a record by Robeson published by the Soviet Ministry of Culture

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of four African Americans in Georgia on July 25, 1946, Robeson met with

1606: 1090:, who had become renowned while touring as a pianist with gospel singer 16701: 15918: 15886: 15846: 15750: 15730: 15698: 15678: 15666: 15318: 15099: 14991: 14925: 14720: 14715: 13840: 12722:

Comrades and Commissars: The Lincoln Battalion in the Spanish Civil War

12699: 11551: 8910: 6086: 4146: 3999: 2632: 2390: 2119:, Robeson recorded a number of radio concerts for supporters in Wales. 2111: 2045: 2007: 1909: 1807: 1528: 1381: 1081: 959: 863: 831: 751: 715: 473: 390: 7611:

FBI record, "Paul Robeson". FBI 100-25857, New York, December 8, 1942.

2557:

The Robeson holdings in the archive of the Academy of the Arts of the

2261:. In Moscow in August 1959, he received a tumultuous reception at the 1474: 875: 872:

but not having the same opportunities in the United States as whites.

822: 624:

in 1925. In 1928, he scored a major success in the London premiere of

16960:

American people who self-identify as being of Native American descent

16717: 16693: 16558: 15075: 15009: 14997: 14730: 14700: 14695: 14178: 14058: 8286: 7412:"Priestley's Present Paul Robeson with Lawrence Brown at the piano". 5847: 3097: 2815:("A Call for Paul Robeson"). In the same year, another Kurdish poet, 2670:, to create an online learning resource in her grandfather's memory. 2484: 2187: 1611: 1434: 1289: 1217: 1180: 1143: 1067: 1016: 907:. His classmates recognized him by electing him class valedictorian. 850: 626: 190: 13895: 10085:"Muscular assimilationism: sport and the paradoxes of racial reform" 8120:"Attorney General's List of 'Subversive Groups' is Derided by Solon" 5210:, author. Many white people do not like the . Neither do many black. 3991: 2338:

human being, there is only a society which says they are backward."

1582: 1244:

In 1933, Robeson played the role of Jim in the London production of

1001: 990:

to highlight his singing. After the play's run ended, he befriended

930:

fraternity. However, Robeson felt uncomfortable at NYU and moved to

16534: 15934: 14985: 13468:

Race against Empire: Black Americans and Anticolonialism, 1937–1957

13273:

The whole world in his hands: a pictorial biography of Paul Robeson

10746:"Paul Robeson Residence Accompanying 3 photos, exterior, from 1976" 3005: 2832: 2591:

In 1950, Robeson was awarded the International Peace Prize for his

2387: 2367: 2088: 1951: 1850: 1830: 1259: 1041:

opening was postponed due to nationwide controversy over its plot.

16:

American singer, actor, political activist, and athlete (1898–1976)

13816:"Paul Robeson Was One of the Greatest Figures of the 20th Century" 4301:; The number of letters varies between 12 and 15 based on author; 1341:

in December 1934. A stopover in Berlin enlightened Robeson to the

16741: 13900: 13872: 12743:

Lay Bare the Heart: An Autobiography of the Civil Rights Movement

12616:. In Peters-Little, Frances; Curthoys, Ann; Docker, John (eds.). 12611:"Paul Robeson's visit to Australia and Aboriginal activism, 1960" 11314:"New Brunswick: Commercial Avenue renamed Paul Robeson Boulevard" 9183:"How Paul Robeson found his political voice in the Welsh valleys" 6898: 6602: 4522:. Vol. 50, no. 1918–19. pp. 570–71. Archived from 2919: 2254: 1792: 1620: 1468: 802: 636: 202: 12856:

Into the Heart of the Fire: The British in the Spanish Civil War

11253:"Paul Robeson High School – The School District of Philadelphia" 2315:, they went to Auckland where Robeson reaffirmed his support of 2235:

1958 saw the publication of Robeson's "manifesto-autobiography"

945:

and after her coaxing, he made his theatrical debut as Simon in

887:

He finished university with four annual oratorical triumphs and

868:

incongruity of African Americans fighting to protect America in

19:

This article is about the singer and activist. For his son, see

13938: 11252: 10853:

A Wall of Our Own : an American History of the Berlin Wall

6882:. Vol. 42, no. 8. The Crisis Publishing Company, Inc. 3390:, Paul Robeson Centennial Celebration. Retrieved June 12, 2017. 3355: 2980:

intellectuals and artists. Noted Indian singer-songwriter, Dr.

2211:

where the majority ruled that the denial of a passport without

1684:

writer Barry Finger's critical appraisal of Robeson, while the

1527:, in which he played an Irishman, his first "white" role. With 1350: 1156: 1012: 955:. After a year of courtship, they were married in August 1921. 931: 861:

After a standout junior year of football, he was recognized in

688: 12944:

Tackling Jim Crow, Racial Segregation in Professional Football

10912:"English Heritage Unveil A Blue Plaque To Honour Paul Robeson" 10089:

Race and Sport: The Struggle for Equality on and Off the Field

9553: 9551: 9549: 8276:"Studs Terkel, Paul Robeson – Speak of Me As I Am, BBC, 1998". 6595:"Photograph of Paul Robeson's admission form for SOAS in 1934" 1837:

1946–1949: Attorney General's List of Subversive Organizations

1735:

During this period, Robeson also developed a sympathy for the

1479:

Robeson believed that the struggle against fascism during the

917: 546: 12874:

James, C.L.R.; Høgsbjerg, Christian; Dubois, Laurent (2012).

12324:

The Undiscovered Paul Robeson, An Artist's Journey, 1898–1939

12076:

Robeson, Paul (1978a). Sheldon, Philip; Foner, Henry (eds.).

8583: 8287:"Paul Robeson collection: 1925–1956 [bulk 1943–1956]" 6574: 6562: 6470: 5876: 5874: 2997: 2977: 2585: 2173: 1858: 1826: 1755:. Robeson premiered the song at a concert in New York City's 1497: 958:

Robeson was recruited by Fritz Pollard to play for the NFL's

5085:

The Undiscovered Paul Robeson. An Artist's Journey 1898–1939

4820: 2514: 1708:. Subsequently, Robeson reprised his role of Othello at the 1550:, England, on March 7, 1939, in aid of a local charity, the 1463:

when Einstein came backstage after Robeson's concert at the

687:

withdrew his passport and his income plummeted. He moved to

13935:, Center for Black Music Research, Columbia College Chicago 12931:

Reading Transnationally: the GDR and American Black Writers

12619:

Passionate Histories: Myth, Memory and Indigenous Australia

12345:

The Undiscovered Paul Robeson: Quest for Freedom, 1939–1976

11178: 10542: 10257: 10241:"Princeton University – Ceremony to honor Robeson, Jan. 20" 10004: 10002: 9890: 9856: 9854: 9809: 9681: 9654: 9642: 9546: 9385: 9322: 8867: 8843: 8697: 8595: 8360: 8350: 8348: 8321: 8309: 8293:. The New York Public Library, Archives & Manuscripts. 8212: 8188: 8040: 7974: 7972: 7970: 7950:

The Undiscovered Paul Robeson: Quest for Freedom, 1939–1976

7761: 7653: 7614: 7510: 7258: 7256: 6668: 6065: 6053: 4203: 2825:("Comrade Paul Robeson"), which was put to music by singer 2673:

In 1976, the apartment building on Edgecombe Avenue in the

2460:

Invitations to become involved in the civil rights movement

1940:

Robeson traveled to Moscow in June 1949, and tried to find

1787:

owing to Robeson's race. The indignation was so great that

829:(left) and Robeson in a photo from the March 1918 issue of 537: 297: 14913: 13905: 12908:

Art Outside the Lines: New Perspectives on GDR Art Culture

11397:"Why the People's Republic of China embraced Paul Robeson" 11087:"2009 New Jersey Hall of Fame Inductees Welcomed at NJPAC" 10129: 9987: 9902: 8669: 7789:

Chinese American Voices: From the Gold Rush to the Present

7195: 6886: 6107: 5871: 2858:" as a tribute to Robeson, which reached number 19 on the 1507:, he traveled to Spain in 1938 because he believed in the 1488:

sick of tryin' / Ah'm tired of livin' / An skeered of dyin

1084:. He performed his repertoire of spirituals on the radio. 13853: 13542:

Harlem Speaks: A Living History of the Harlem Renaissance

10824: 10038: 10036: 9878: 9693: 8333: 8016: 7569:

Ballad of an American: The Autobiography of Earl Robinson

6305:"The Genius of Paul Robeson | As Told by Cameron Colbeck" 6084:

Duberman, Martin (December 28, 1988). "Writing Robeson".

5252: 4975: 4150:. Vol. 15, no. 5. March 1918. pp. 229–31. 2409: 774:

origin and was born into slavery. William escaped from a

562:; April 9, 1898 – January 23, 1976) was an American 13796:

Getting to Know Him: A Biography of Oscar Hammerstein II

13789:, vol. LXV, no. 2 (February 8, 2018), pp. 8, 10–11. 13313:

I Never Had It Made: An Autobiography of Jackie Robinson

12003: 10606: 9999: 9926: 9851: 9763: 9436: 9397: 9334: 9310: 9250: 9207: 9047:"Robeson sings: the first transatlantic telephone cable" 9012: 8891: 8879: 8855: 8657: 8645: 8345: 8176: 8099: 8052: 7967: 7787:. In Yung, Judy; Chang, Gordon H.; Lai, H. Mark (eds.). 7749: 7253: 7134: 6732: 6658: 6656: 4619: 4167: 2901:

episode "Winds of Change" as a friend of Indiana Jones.

2666:

launched a project at Swansea University, supported the

1570:

as a target for arrest if Germany had occupied Britain.

1015:. His wife supported them financially. She was the head 16094: 10788:; Postal, Matthew A. (2009). Postal, Matthew A. (ed.). 10562:"Pallant House Gallery: Glyn Philpot: Flesh and Spirit" 10117: 9866: 9534: 9346: 8200: 2272:

On October 11, 1959, Robeson took part in a service at

1379:

in London in May 1935, which was favorably reviewed in

1362:(1935), which he felt would render a realistic view of 1270:. Despite negative reactions from the press, such as a 12503:

The Battle for Spain: The Spanish Civil War, 1936–1939

11986:"Chicago Celebrates 'Paul Robeson: Man of the People'" 10655:"Paul Robeson's granddaughter at Ebbw Vale eisteddfod" 10033: 9938: 9830:"Robeson Will Return to the U.S. Monday to Retire ..." 9775: 9617:

Did the U.S. Government drug Paul Robeson? Part 2

9590:

Did the U.S. Government drug Paul Robeson? Part 1

9563: 7241: 7012:"Most Popular Stars of 1937: Choice of British Public" 6811: 6201:. San Bernardino Sun. Associated Press. May 14, 1931. 4703: 770:

family of mixed ancestry. His father, William, was of

675:(FBI). After the war ended, the CAA was placed on the 16761: 13602: 13255:. New York: Dodd, Mead & Company. pp. 3–16. 8571: 8497: 8028: 6720: 6653: 5435: 2820: 2810: 2639:

in London, Robeson was painted by the British artist

1861:

antiviolence movement. Robeson received support from

1829:'s National Anthem after 1949. Its Chinese lyricist, 1027:. In December 1924 he landed the lead role of Jim in 616:

Robeson performed in Britain in a touring melodrama,

555: 543: 13933:

Guide to the Paul Robeson Centennial Project Records

12873: 11612:"TheRaider.net – The Young Indiana Jones Chronicles" 10943:"Paul Robeson's legendary border-straddling concert" 10335:"Brown, Robeson inducted into college football hall" 10091:. University Press of Mississippi. pp. 149–50. 10048: 6904: 2762:

Illustration of Paul Robeson by Charles Henry Alston

540: 534: 17060:

Progressive Party (United States, 1948) politicians

11643:

The World/Inferno Friendship Society – Paul Robeson

9228:"Paul Robeson loses passport appeal, Aug. 16, 1955" 8718:"UN Asked to Act Against Genocide in United States" 7456: 7179:. University of Wales Swansea. 2002. Archived from 6767:Rotha, Paul (Spring 1935). "Sanders on the River". 5335:Young, Stark (August 24, 1924). "The Prompt Book". 2381: 1897:(AGLOSO). Subsequently, he was summoned before the 1895:

Attorney General's List of Subversive Organizations

1475:

1937–1939: Spanish Civil War and political activism

1337:traveled to the Soviet Union on an invitation from 1239: 1194:The couple appeared in the experimental Swiss film 786:William found a stable parsonage at the St. Thomas 677:

Attorney General's List of Subversive Organizations

630:. Living in London for several years with his wife 593:(NFL). After graduation, he became a figure in the 531: 14532:Ho Chi Minh Is Toussaint L'Ouverture of Indo-China 14507:Time to Bring Negro Players Into the Major Leagues 12814:Facing fascism: New York and the Spanish Civil War 12438: 12176:Paul Robeson: The Years of Promise and Achievement 9914: 6787:"Leicester Square Theatre: Sanders of the River". 4215: 2142:commercial radio, buy his music or see his films. 13655:(1989, DEFA, East Germany, dir. Kurt Tetzlaff) – 13127:Rutgers Football: A Gridiron Tradition in Scarlet 10792:(4th ed.). New York: John Wiley & Sons. 9582: 9580: 9578: 9288:"RSC Performances|OTH195904-Othellos-Shakespeare" 9270:"British give singer Paul Robeson hero's welcome" 8077:Origins: Current Events in Historical Perspective 7049:Einstein, Race, and the Myth of the Cultural Icon 2643:; this portrait was sold in 1944 under the title 2071:In December 1951, Robeson, in New York City, and 1444:as the 10th most popular star in British cinema. 1438:, all in 1937. In 1938, he was named by American 1002:Theatrical success and ideological transformation 17075:Rutgers Scarlet Knights men's basketball players 16821: 12646:Dorinson, Joseph; Pencak, William, eds. (2004). 9121:"Hidden Histories of the Information Age: TAT-1" 9082:"Hidden Histories of the Information Age: TAT-1" 7783:Liu, Liangmo Translated by Ellen Yeung. (2006). 7583:"We Are Long Overdue for a Paul Robeson Revival" 5081: 3460:"The inheritor of his father's political mantle" 2539:said of news media notices upon Robeson's death: 2122: 2075:, in Paris, presented the United Nations with a 1759:and recorded it in both English and Chinese for 1556:Christmas Tree Fund. The advertised pianist was 1102:signed Robeson to a contract in September 1925. 1006: 573:In 1915, Robeson won an academic scholarship to 13309: 12674:Something to Cheer About: Paul Robeson, Athlete 10782:New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission 10310:. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. 8618:. Vol. V, no. 6. Freedom Associates. 1899:United States Senate Committee on the Judiciary 1638:neighborhood of Harlem, and in 1941 settled in 17045:People involved with the civil rights movement 14537:We Can Learn from the Struggle in South Africa 12905: 12761:Finkelman, Paul (2007). Wintz, Cary D. (ed.). 12645: 10975:. United States Postal Service. Archived from 10179:"List of National Historic Landmarks by State" 9575: 8408: 8406: 8389: 8387: 7739: 6487: 6485: 5632:"Music: Postal Carrier to Give Song Recital". 5202:will shortly be enacted ... , dramatist; 2660:Schomburg Center for Research in Black Culture 2344: 1356:He undertook the role of Bosambo in the movie 17065:Russian-language singers of the United States 16602: 16435: 16080: 15145: 14899: 13954: 10580: 10025:. The Paul Robeson Foundation. Archived from 9796: 9794: 9792: 9790: 7711:"Longest-running Shakespeare play (Broadway)" 6090:. Vol. 267, no. 22. pp. 33–38. 4489:. Vol. 36, no. 13. pp. 75–77. 3338:(March 3, 1934). "What's the Name, Please?". 3162:Paul Robeson: "I'm a Negro. I'm an American." 1977:In order to isolate Robeson politically, the 1743:. In 1940, the Chinese progressive activist, 1105:The Robesons went to London for a revival of 817: 17055:Players of American football from New Jersey 13658:"Paul Robeson: I'm a Negro, I'm an American" 13635:Paul Robeson – James Earl Jones One Man Show 13489:Lorenzo Dow Turner: Father of Gullah Studies 13430:Paul Robeson and the American Labor Movement 13376:Bloodlands: Europe Between Hitler and Stalin 12906:Kelly, Elaine; Wlodarski, Amy, eds. (2011). 12591:Fritz Pollard: Pioneer in Racial Advancement 12112: 12059:Paul Robeson: Tributes and Selected Writings 11662: 8143:Bay Area Paul Robeson Centennial Committee, 8137: 7580: 7571:(Scarecrow Press: Lanham, Md., 1998), p. 99. 6846: 4377:. The Phi Beta Kappa Society. Archived from 3919: 2965:Company performed Phillip Hayes Dean's play 2892:, which has since toured various countries. 2714:(Here I Stand) In the Spirit of Paul Robeson 2696:had named one of its new 40,000-ton tankers 2507:feeling that his record "spoke for itself". 2419: 2298: 2230: 1053:with Robeson as Brutus, a role pioneered by 16865:Activists for African-American civil rights 14875: 14425:Paul Robeson and the International Brigades 12649:Paul Robeson: Essays on His Life and Legacy 12197:The Young Paul Robeson: 'on My Journey Now' 12173:Boyle, Sheila Tully; Bunie, Andrew (2005). 11084: 10738: 8403: 8384: 8073:"Policing the Policy: A Civil Rights Story" 6482: 5517:Coates, Ulysses (April 18, 1925). "Radio". 4480: 2276:, the first black performer to sing there. 1927:Smith Act trials of Communist Party leaders 918:1919–1923: Columbia Law School and marriage 17080:Somerville High School (New Jersey) alumni 16930:American expatriates in the United Kingdom 16609: 16595: 16442: 16428: 16087: 16073: 15159: 15152: 15138: 14906: 14892: 14522:Thoughts on Winning the Stalin Peace Prize 14512:Never Again Can Colonialism Be What It Was 13961: 13947: 13889: 13781:No Way But This: In Search of Paul Robeson 13652:Paul Robeson: I'm a Negro, I'm an American 13517: 13485: 13461: 13310:Robinson, Jackie; Duckett, Alfred (2013). 12521:Bell, Charlotte Turner (January 1, 1986). 12172: 10896:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher ( 10774: 10452: 10135: 9787: 9739:"MI5 tracked Robeson amid communist fears" 8675: 8589: 8549:"Mrs. Roosevelt Sees a 'Misunderstanding'" 8167:Paul Robeson Speaks! 1948 Senate Testimony 8070: 7785:"Paul Robeson: The People's Singer (1950)" 7631: 7629: 7384: 7380: 7201: 7116: 7095: 6580: 6568: 6552: 6511: 6476: 6456: 6440: 6420: 6383: 6359: 6283: 6251: 6169: 6129: 6097: 6035: 6023: 6000:"English Parliament Honors Paul Robeson". 5983: 5943: 5880: 5861: 5793: 5761: 5741: 5717: 5701: 5662: 5583: 5559: 5477: 5457: 5414: 5365: 5322: 5258: 5246: 5218: 5158: 5112: 5057: 5037: 5021: 4993: 4981: 4969: 4941: 4929: 4905: 4864: 4826: 4779: 4729: 4693: 4673: 4657: 4641: 4625: 4609: 4581: 4564:, p. 43; cf. Boyle and Bunie; 78–82, 4537: 4460: 4440: 4412: 4396: 4353: 4306: 4261: 4237: 4209: 4193: 4173: 4128: 4096: 4068: 4036: 4016: 3957: 3909: 3885: 3837: 3794: 3770: 3754: 3730: 3678: 3642: 3622: 3602: 3578: 3566: 3542: 3514: 3494: 3431: 3407: 3381:"Resources About Paul Robeson (1898–1976)" 2602:were posthumously rewarded in 1978 by the 1675:way the segment was handled in stereotypes 1583:1939–1945: World War II, and the Broadway 1533:International Committee on African Affairs 37: 16990:Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award winners 13773:Paul Robeson: The Artist as Revolutionary 13169:Football at Rutgers: A History, 1869–1969 13123: 13044: 12831: 12760: 11983: 11665:"Book review: 'Agent 6' by Tom Rob Smith" 11283:"Rutgers dedicates plaza to Paul Robeson" 10590:(in German). Hu-berlin.de. Archived from 10066: 9800: 9371:. University of Wales Press. p. 76. 8965:. US National Archives. August 15, 2016. 8716:Cornell, Douglas B. (December 29, 1951). 8623: 8339: 8131: 7913: 7911: 7839: 7837: 7446:– via Guardian Century – 1940–1949. 3334: 2785:from the Soviet Union was given the name 2515:1976: Death, funeral, and public response 1993: 1125:completely recovered after a few months. 762:. His mother, Maria, was a member of the 17085:Sportspeople from Somerville, New Jersey 17070:Rutgers Scarlet Knights football players 13911: 13746:(2007) Irvington: Criterion Collection. 13707:, who told Robeson the circumstances of 13290: 13250: 13229: 13208: 13144: 13073: 13002: 12670: 12608: 12524:Paul Robeson's Last Days in Philadelphia 12441:Paul Robeson: A Life of Activism and Art 12436: 12394: 12214: 12075: 12009: 10612: 10548: 10371:"Robeson Peace Arch Concert Anniversary" 10279: 10123: 10070: 10008: 9981: 9932: 9896: 9860: 9815: 9769: 9687: 9677:. Vol. 269, no. 21. p. 9. 9660: 9648: 9614:(presenter) Amy Goodman (July 6, 1999). 9587:(presenter) Amy Goodman (July 1, 1999). 9557: 9528: 9524: 9513: 9502: 9498: 9486: 9482: 9470: 9458: 9454: 9442: 9403: 9391: 9364: 9340: 9328: 9316: 9256: 9213: 9018: 8897: 8885: 8873: 8861: 8849: 8703: 8687: 8651: 8601: 8519: 8460: 8444: 8428: 8416: 8412: 8397: 8393: 8366: 8327: 8315: 8279: 8250: 8234: 8218: 8194: 8182: 8118:Cornell, Douglas B. (December 5, 1947). 8105: 8058: 8046: 7978: 7909: 7907: 7905: 7903: 7901: 7899: 7897: 7895: 7893: 7891: 7767: 7755: 7659: 7620: 7528: 7516: 7504: 7492: 7428:"Nazi's black list discovered in Berlin" 7352: 7340: 7159: 7140: 7079: 7035: 6834: 6805: 6782: 6754: 6710: 6698: 6674: 6556: 6515: 6499: 6460: 6444: 6416: 6400: 6379: 6363: 6291: 6227: 6223: 6181: 6165: 6145: 6133: 6083: 6071: 6059: 6047: 5979: 5947: 5911: 5857: 5797: 5773: 5757: 5737: 5721: 5697: 5658: 5646: 5600:"Clara Young Loses $ 75,000 in Jewels". 5575: 5555: 5473: 5398: 5369: 5318: 5242: 5214: 5154: 5061: 5033: 5001: 4949: 4917: 4897: 4881: 4775: 4721: 4709: 4689: 4613: 4577: 4541: 4456: 4436: 4416: 4400: 4357: 4302: 4257: 4233: 4189: 4134: 4116: 4092: 4064: 4040: 4012: 3961: 3905: 3889: 3861: 3833: 3802: 3778: 3750: 3734: 3714: 3690: 3674: 3646: 3618: 3598: 3582: 3558: 3522: 3498: 3411: 2757: 2651:, for an exhibition held there in 2022. 2552: 2439: 2435: 2319:, denounced the inequality faced by the 1931: 1605: 1589: 1541: 1446: 1302: 874: 821: 734: 17095:College Football Hall of Fame inductees 17010:Male actors from Somerville, New Jersey 13883:Subversives: Stories from the Red Scare 13814:Weaver, Harold D. Jr. (June 19, 2021). 13510:College Football and All America Review 13440: 13393: 13351: 13330: 13269: 13023: 12852: 12587: 12562: 12341: 12320: 12299: 12259: 12238: 12113:Robeson, Paul; Brown, Lloyd L. (1988). 12055: 11853: 11229:. Borough of Somerville. Archived from 11203:. Paul Robeson Cultural Center at PSU. 11151:from the original on September 28, 2017 11060:"Paul Robeson: Portraits of the Artist" 11030:"Leader: In praise of ... Paul Robeson" 10953:from the original on September 23, 2021 10716:"We Shall Overcome – Paul Robeson Home" 10630:. New York: New York Public Libraries. 10149:"Spingarn Medal Winners: 1915 to Today" 10054: 10014: 9993: 9908: 9872: 9839:from the original on September 15, 2021 9672: 9540: 9352: 9298:from the original on September 12, 2021 9180: 9125:Hidden Histories of the Information Age 9086:Hidden Histories of the Information Age 9030: 8987: 8740: 8715: 8613: 8448: 8432: 8378: 8246: 8230: 8206: 8117: 8087:from the original on September 22, 2018 7992:"Group Confers with Truman on Lynching" 7946: 7867: 7805: 7778: 7776: 7626: 7235: 7128: 7124: 7112: 7091: 7075: 6892: 6647: 6495: 6464: 6436: 6424: 6404: 6387: 6367: 6287: 6279: 6263: 6247: 6231: 6199:"Paul Robeson Quits America for London" 6149: 6125: 6113: 6101: 6093: 6043: 6039: 6019: 5987: 5951: 5915: 5865: 5801: 5781: 5777: 5753: 5725: 5705: 5693: 5666: 5587: 5579: 5563: 5481: 5453: 5441: 5402: 5394: 5238: 5234: 5222: 5162: 5069: 5065: 5041: 5005: 4997: 4953: 4925: 4901: 4838: 4814: 4810: 4771: 4725: 4697: 4661: 4637: 4605: 4589: 4585: 4561: 4549: 4511: 4468: 4361: 4322: 4310: 4265: 4245: 4185: 4161: 4120: 4100: 4076: 4052: 4024: 3965: 3926:Gelder, Robert van (January 16, 1944). 3873: 3869: 3849: 3806: 3774: 3710: 3698: 3670: 3650: 3626: 3594: 3562: 3538: 3518: 3490: 3472:from the original on September 17, 2017 3454: 3427: 3399: 3312:. Paul Robeson Centennial Celebration. 2006:Robeson opposed the U.S.'s role in the 1954:. We oppose those who wish to build up 1872:About this time, Robeson's belief that 1645:After his well-received performance of 1280:In early 1934, Robeson enrolled in the 730: 236: 1921; died 1965) 16822: 16618:1918 College Football All-America Team 16451:1917 College Football All-America Team 14915:NAACP Image Award – Hall of Fame Award 14802:School of Oriental and African Studies 13813: 13792: 13559: 13492:. University of South Carolina Press. 13427: 13418: 13372: 13102: 13027:W.E.B. Du Bois: Black Radical Democrat 12928: 12894: 12810: 12739: 12496: 12475: 12469: 12398:The Politics of Paul Robeson's Othello 12380:. New York: Dodd, Mead & Company. 12288: 12144: 11920: 11918: 11916: 11889:"The African American Bhupen Hazarika" 11816: 11814: 11592:from the original on February 16, 2021 11425: 11201:"Paul Robeson Cultural Center History" 11027: 10849: 10677: 10332: 10082: 10042: 9944: 9884: 9781: 9711: 9699: 9630:from the original on December 17, 2010 9603:from the original on February 13, 2021 9569: 9424:from the original on December 30, 2017 9238:from the original on November 26, 2018 9162:from the original on February 20, 2016 9149: 8969:from the original on February 27, 2021 8955: 8917:from the original on February 21, 2021 8819:"Post Robeson Gets Stalin Peace Prize" 8799:"Paul Robeson is Awarded Stalin Prize" 8770: 8728:from the original on September 5, 2021 8577: 8473:from the original on September 1, 2021 8022: 7834: 7691:from the original on February 13, 2021 7467:. Edinburgh Film Guide. Archived from 7368: 7356: 7312: 7304: 7247: 7120: 7108: 6873: 6830: 6750: 6738: 6726: 6662: 6491: 6333: 6267: 6243: 6185: 6161: 5892: 5516: 5469: 5382: 5350: 5286: 5270: 5127: 5075: 4483:"Paul Robeson: Remaking A Fallen Hero" 4444: 4323:Jenkins, Burris (September 28, 1922). 3977: 3925: 3443: 2845:House Un-American Activities Committee 2716:, a public artwork by American artist 1979:House Un-American Activities Committee 1893:(CRC) and the CAA, were placed on the 1884:. Robeson was later called before the 1661:Robeson narrated the 1942 documentary 1282:School of Oriental and African Studies 679:. Robeson was investigated during the 17020:Musicians from Somerville, New Jersey 16895:All-American college football players 16875:20th-century African-American lawyers 16590: 16423: 16068: 15133: 14887: 14874: 13942: 13580: 13538: 13506: 13192:Paul Robeson: Portraits of the Artist 13186: 12960: 12801: 12688:Journal of Cross-Cultural Gerontology 12681: 12548:(5th ed.). Bloomsbury Academic. 12541: 12373: 12362: 12292:Paul Robeson: the man and his mission 12193: 12179:. University of Massachusetts Press. 11939:from the original on October 18, 2022 11901:from the original on October 18, 2022 11886: 11868:from the original on October 18, 2022 11835:from the original on October 18, 2022 11820: 11769:from the original on October 30, 2020 11726: 11519: 11501:from the original on January 12, 2021 11311: 11293:from the original on January 13, 2021 11125:from the original on January 29, 2018 11099:from the original on November 5, 2013 10762:from the original on November 7, 2018 10726:from the original on January 14, 2013 10683: 10652: 9950: 9827: 9805:. Vol. II. Ace Books. p. 9. 9751:from the original on January 22, 2012 9225: 9057:from the original on January 11, 2023 9000:from the original on January 24, 2021 8943:from the original on November 5, 2021 8903: 8691: 8663: 8535: 8531: 8523: 8515: 8503: 8354: 8254: 8034: 7888: 7861: 7721:from the original on October 21, 2023 7555: 7262: 7231: 7152:"Paul Robeson at the Unity Theater", 7071: 7017:The Mercury (Hobart, Tas.: 1860–1954) 6847:Fischer, Lucy; Landy, Marcia (2004). 6766: 6686: 6205:from the original on October 21, 2022 6015: 5334: 5307:from the original on October 27, 2023 5045: 4965: 4945: 4921: 4893: 4783: 4753:from the original on November 6, 2023 4677: 4645: 4601: 4565: 4545: 4512:Robeson, Paul Leroy (June 10, 1919). 4481:Kirshenbaum, Jerry (March 27, 1972). 4464: 4432: 4420: 4392: 4241: 4221: 4197: 4124: 4088: 4072: 4048: 4020: 3946:from the original on November 6, 2023 3913: 3893: 3865: 3845: 3841: 3798: 3782: 3758: 3738: 3718: 3694: 3658: 3654: 3630: 3606: 3546: 3526: 3502: 3423: 3393: 2792: 2326:During the tour he was introduced to 1802:Robeson opposed the U.S. support for 1777:Washington Committee for Aid to China 1578:, political activism, and McCarthyism 1284:(SOAS), a constituent college of the 794:in New Jersey, where he performed in 646:(1935) and in the film production of 14304:Paul Robeson: Favorite Songs, Vol. 2 13906:Paul Robeson Performing Arts Company 13744:Paul Robeson: Portraits of an Artist 13165: 12941: 12910:. Editions Rodopi. pp. 111–30. 12804:Paul Robeson: A Century of Greatness 12527:. Dorrance Publishing Company, Inc. 12520: 12277: 12049: 11924: 11854:Goswami, Manash P. (April 9, 2021). 11677:from the original on August 23, 2017 11562:from the original on August 18, 2017 11489:"Stage: James Earl Jones as Robeson" 11486: 11407:from the original on August 18, 2022 11388: 11040:from the original on August 14, 2018 11009:from the original on August 14, 2018 10878:from the original on January 5, 2024 10476:from the original on August 24, 2019 10105:from the original on January 5, 2024 9920: 9726:from the original on August 18, 2016 8638:"Paul Robeson – the Lost Shepherd". 7773: 7438:from the original on October 1, 2022 6592: 6315:from the original on October 8, 2022 5017: 4795: 4104: 4044: 3236:Paul Robeson: Favorite Songs, Vol. 2 2971:New Brunswick Performing Arts Center 2969:in the inaugural performance of the 2895:A fictional Paul Robeson appears in 2548: 1785:Daughters of the American Revolution 986:in Britain. The play was adapted by 810:, Rhode Island, where he befriended 566:concert artist, actor, professional 16900:Alumni of SOAS University of London 16097:Lincoln Lions head football coaches 14517:Paul Robeson Congressional hearings 13767:, "The Emperor Robeson" (review of 13563:Robeson: Labor's Forgotten Champion 13331:Rogovin, Vadim Zakharovich (1998). 12981: 12718: 12401:. University Press of Mississippi. 11913: 11887:Dutta, Pranjal (November 5, 2020). 11811: 11799:from the original on April 11, 2021 11739:from the original on April 14, 2021 11708:from the original on April 19, 2021 11263:from the original on March 10, 2018 10665:from the original on August 5, 2020 10568:from the original on April 10, 2022 10502:. February 26, 2016. Archived from 10284:. Nelson Mandela Centre of Memory. 10020: 9722:. Guardian News and Media Limited. 9415: 9035:. London: Verso Books. p. 224. 8994:Australian Broadcasting Corporation 8297:from the original on August 1, 2017 7917: 7811: 7782: 7567:Earl Robinson with Eric A. Gordon, 7308: 6817: 6801: 6399:Sources are unclear on this point. 5130:"Schomburg Unit Listed as Landmark" 5128:Fraser, C. Gerald (April 1, 1979). 4493:from the original on March 10, 2018 3448: 3362:from the original on March 15, 2022 3316:from the original on March 15, 2017 2890:Call Mr. Robeson: A Life with Songs 2356: 2129:Paul Robeson Congressional hearings 1747:taught Robeson the patriotic song " 972:. He then sang in the chorus of an 13: 16970:Basketball players from New Jersey 16860:20th-century American male singers 14131:Paul Robeson: Tribute to an Artist 13758: 13618:Paul Robeson: Tribute to an Artist 13603:Film biographies and documentaries 13293:Paul Robeson: The Great Forerunner 13253:Paul Robeson: The Great Forerunner 12817:. Museum of the City of New York. 12377:Paul Robeson: The Great Forerunner 12281:Paul Robeson: The American Othello 12096:Robeson, Paul Leroy (1919-06-10). 11925:Raju, Archishman (April 9, 2019). 11856:"From Ol' Man River to Burha Luit" 11821:Raman, Papri Sri (April 9, 2021). 11487:Eder, Richard (January 20, 1978). 11207:from the original on March 5, 2021 11085:Mascarenhas, Rohan (May 3, 2009). 11066:from the original on July 10, 2018 10831:from the original on July 28, 2020 10634:from the original on July 28, 2020 10441:from the original on July 28, 2020 10411:from the original on March 9, 2021 10381:from the original on June 30, 2007 10351:from the original on July 28, 2020 10314:from the original on April 2, 2015 10288:from the original on July 10, 2017 9966:. February 2, 1976. Archived from 9828:Feron, James (December 20, 1963). 9131:from the original on June 20, 2015 9096:from the original on June 20, 2015 8831:from the original on July 28, 2020 8004:from the original on July 28, 2020 7924:University of North Carolina Press 7791:. University of California Press. 7593:from the original on March 2, 2021 7024:from the original on July 28, 2020 6905:James, Høgsbjerg & Dubois 2012 6541:from the original on July 28, 2020 6348:from the original on July 28, 2020 5088:. John Wiley & Sons. pp. 4839:Darnton, Charles (April 5, 1922). 4291:from the original on July 28, 2020 2898:The Young Indiana Jones Chronicles 2609:Paul Robeson: Tribute to an Artist 2030:In 1950, Robeson co-founded, with 1904:In 1948, Robeson was prominent in 1511:'s cause, visited the hospital of 1455:'s home in Princeton, October 1947 1325:movement and his association with 691:and published a periodical called 14: 17106: 17040:People from Westfield, New Jersey 17035:People from Princeton, New Jersey 16950:American men's basketball players 16850:20th-century American male actors 14817:Paul Robeson House (Philadelphia) 14444:American Crusade Against Lynching 14139:Paul Robeson: Speak of Me as I Am 13834: 13678:Paul Robeson: Speak of Me as I Am 13421:Paul Robeson: An Athlete's Legacy 13394:Stewart, Jeffrey C., ed. (1998). 13295:. New York: Dodd, Mead & Co. 12832:Goldstein, Robert Justin (2008). 11695: 11663:Woods, Paula (January 27, 2012). 11622:from the original on June 3, 2023 10713: 10333:Armour, Nancy (August 26, 1995). 9714:"Paul Robeson was tracked by MI5" 9226:Glass, Andrew (August 16, 2018). 9150:Howard, Tony (January 29, 2009). 9127:. 0:55 minutes in. BBC Radio 4. 8827:. September 25, 1953. p. 5. 8559:from the original on May 16, 2021 8461:Willaims, Roger M. (April 1976). 8259:Interview with Paul Robeson, Jnr. 8000:. September 24, 1946. p. 2. 6853:. Psychology Press. p. 209. 5675:. September 16, 1925. p. 6. 4853:from the original on May 25, 2013 4335:from the original on May 25, 2013 2976:Robeson was widely popular among 2724:neighborhood in Washington, D.C. 2618:Lifetime Achievement Grammy Award 2511:freedom, peace and brotherhood." 2102:In 1952, Robeson was awarded the 1855:American Crusade Against Lynching 1696:, he met two emissaries from the 345:6 ft 3 in (1.91 m) 122:Rutgers University, New Brunswick 16910:American anti-lynching activists 16807: 16795: 16783: 16771: 14855: 14854: 14330:Joshua Fit the Battle of Jericho 13968: 13397:Paul Robeson: artist and citizen 12594:. University of Illinois Press. 12569:Text & Performance Quarterly 12260:Gilliam, Dorothy Butler (1978). 12015: 11984:Mooieweer, Josh (May 18, 2024). 11977: 11951: 11880: 11847: 11781: 11751: 11720: 11689: 11656: 11634: 11604: 11574: 11544: 11532:from the original on May 4, 2021 11513: 11480: 11454: 11419: 11358: 11332: 11305: 11275: 11245: 11219: 11193: 11163: 11137: 11111: 11078: 11052: 11021: 10991: 10965: 10940: 10934: 10904: 10843: 10807: 10790:Guide to New York City Landmarks 10707: 10684:Gomez, Lynn (January 16, 2012). 10646: 10618: 10554: 10518: 10488: 10458: 10423: 10393: 10363: 10326: 10300: 10273: 10258:The Paul Robeson Cultural Center 10203: 10171: 10141: 10076: 10060: 9821: 9705: 9666: 9518: 9507: 9492: 9476: 9464: 9448: 9409: 9358: 9280: 9262: 9219: 9195:from the original on May 6, 2022 9174: 9143: 9039: 9024: 8988:Steinke, Nicole (June 7, 2013). 8981: 8963:"The Many Faces of Paul Robeson" 8929: 8811: 8791: 8764: 8709: 8681: 8632: 8607: 8541: 8509: 8485: 8454: 8438: 8422: 8372: 8270: 8240: 8224: 8159: 8146:Paul Robeson Chronology (Part 5) 8111: 8064: 7984: 7940: 7874:. Univ of North Carolina Press. 7703: 7665: 7605: 7574: 7561: 7549: 7534: 7522: 7498: 7486: 7450: 7420: 7405: 7390: 7374: 7362: 7346: 7318: 7298: 7268: 7207: 7165: 7146: 7101: 7085: 7065: 7041: 7004: 6987: 6970: 6944: 6927: 6910: 6867: 6840: 6823: 6795: 6760: 6744: 6704: 6680: 6639: 6609: 6586: 6537:. September 8, 1933. p. 4. 6521: 6505: 6450: 6430: 6410: 6393: 6373: 6327: 6297: 6273: 6257: 6237: 6217: 6191: 6175: 6155: 6139: 6119: 6077: 6029: 6004:. December 1, 1928. p. A1. 5993: 5957: 5921: 5886: 5840:"Drury Lane Theatre: 'Showboat'" 5832: 5807: 5787: 5184:. March 17, 1924. Archived from 4375:"Who Belongs to Phi Beta Kappa?" 4287:. January 19, 1995. p. 20. 2905:World Inferno Friendship Society 2382:Repeated deterioration in London 2145:In 1956, in the United Kingdom, 1628:Robeson's last British film was 1594:Robeson leading Moore Shipyard ( 1240:1933–1937: Ideological awakening 1200:(1930). He then returned to the 891:in multiple sports. His play at 840:Rutgers Scarlet Knights football 527: 296: 16955:American people of Igbo descent 16925:American civil rights activists 14429:Political views of Paul Robeson 12300:Robeson, Eslanda Goode (2013). 12145:Wilson, Sondra K., ed. (2000). 11520:Weber, Bruce (April 23, 2014). 11428:Journal of Postcolonial Writing 11394: 11312:Loyer, Susan (March 28, 2019). 10534:. July 29, 2010. Archived from 8807:. December 22, 1952. p. 6. 7416:. February 20, 1939. p. 1. 5767: 5747: 5731: 5711: 5687: 5652: 5593: 5569: 5549: 5510: 5487: 5463: 5447: 5408: 5388: 5375: 5328: 5264: 5228: 5168: 5148: 5106: 5051: 5027: 5011: 4987: 4959: 4935: 4911: 4887: 4832: 4789: 4765: 4715: 4683: 4667: 4651: 4631: 4595: 4571: 4555: 4505: 4474: 4450: 4426: 4406: 4367: 4347: 4316: 4271: 4251: 4227: 4179: 4110: 4082: 4058: 4030: 4006: 3971: 3899: 3879: 3855: 3827: 3788: 3764: 3744: 3724: 3704: 3684: 3664: 3636: 3612: 3588: 3572: 3552: 3532: 3508: 3484: 3287:. November 20, 1922. p. 7. 2819:, also wrote a poem about him, 2604:United Nations General Assembly 2200:anti-Soviet uprising in Hungary 1728:. He toured North America with 673:Federal Bureau of Investigation 302:Robeson in football uniform at 233: 17005:Lincoln Lions football coaches 14154:Paul Robeson: Songs of Freedom 14123:The Tallest Tree in Our Forest 13610:The Tallest Tree in Our Forest 13151:. Greenwood Publishing Group. 12838:. University Press of Kansas. 12166: 11990:Peter McDowell Arts Consulting 11702:Maple Tree Literary Supplement 11552:"Paul Robeson (1979 TV Movie)" 11464:. Metro Lyrics. Archived from 10999:"Paul Robeson tribute at Soas" 10653:Prior, Neil (August 3, 2010). 9712:Travis, Alan (March 6, 2003). 9181:Sparrow, Jeff (July 2, 2017). 8939:. YouTube. February 28, 2019. 8071:Brady Siff, Sarah (May 2016). 6954:. Villon Films. Archived from 6334:Oakley, Annie (May 24, 1932). 5932:. August 22, 1928. p. 8. 5604:. April 20, 1925. p. 21. 5533:"Robeson to Sing Over Radio". 3980:The Journal of Negro Education 3815:. March 13, 1926. p. A7. 3437: 3417: 3374: 3348: 3328: 3302: 3271: 3170: 3027: 2944:Whitney Museum of American Art 2925:Maple Tree Literary Supplement 2654:Robeson archives exist at the 2494: 2222: 1167:and Robeson was befriended by 1021:New York-Presbyterian Hospital 418:Career highlights and awards 1: 17090:Stalin Peace Prize recipients 16975:Burials at Ferncliff Cemetery 16885:African-American male singers 16855:20th-century American singers 14293:Paul Robeson at Carnegie Hall 13664:. University of Massachusetts 13486:Wade-Lewis, Margaret (2007). 13334:1937: Stalin's Year of Terror 13145:Peterson, Bernard L. (1997). 12859:. Stanford University Press. 12437:Swindall, Lindsey R. (2015). 12395:Swindall, Lindsey R. (2010). 12245:. Holloway House Publishing. 11440:10.1080/17449855.2015.1065287 11340:"Tomato 'Paul Robeson' Seeds" 11147:. Rutgers University Newark. 11121:. Rutgers University Camden. 11028:Leader (September 21, 2006). 10815:"Tanker Named 'Paul Robeson'" 10431:"The Paul Robeson centennial" 10087:. In Ross, Charles K. (ed.). 9803:Whatever Became of ... ? 8463:"A rough Sunday at Peerskill" 7820:. Stanford University Press. 7637:Paul Robeson: A Flawed Martyr 6874:Cunard, Nancy (August 1935). 5968:. July 28, 1928. p. 12. 5964:"Sings For Prince Of Wales". 5636:. April 15, 1925. p. 9. 5498:. March 11, 1925. p. 9. 5423:. June 14, 1924. p. 13. 5245:, pp. 53, 57–59, 61–62, 4800:Akron Pros 1920 by Bob Carrol 4692:, pp. 34–35, 37–38; cf. 3264: 3224:Paul Robeson at Carnegie Hall 2942:(2012–ongoing), shown at the 2658:; Howard University, and the 2622:American Theater Hall of Fame 2614:College Football Hall of Fame 2289:Movement for Colonial Freedom 2123:1956–1957: End of McCarthyism 2085:lynching in the United States 1698:Jewish Anti-Fascist Committee 1007:1923–1927: Harlem Renaissance 856:Washington and Lee University 725: 505:College Football Hall of Fame 307: 16880:African-American male actors 14497:Negroes—Don't Ape the Whites 14358:That's Why Darkies Were Born 14286:Paul Robeson: Favorite Songs 13878:Paul Robeson Youtube channel 13786:The New York Review of Books 13539:Wintz, Cary D., ed. (2007). 13524:. Harvard University Press. 13471:. Cornell University Press. 13400:. Rutgers University Press. 13130:. Rutgers University Press. 13103:Nollen, Scott Allen (2010). 12985:Film Making in 1930s Britain 12445:. Rowman & Littlefield. 12266:. New Republic Book Company. 12151:. New York: Modern Library. 11763:The Art Institute of Chicago 11759:"Steve McQueen: End Credits" 11145:"Paul Robeson Campus Center" 11062:. The Criterion Collection. 10856:. Chapel Hill. p. 196. 10021:Hoggard, Bishop J. Clinton. 9485:, pp. 164, 173–75; cf. 9365:Williams, Daniel G. (2015). 9292:Shakespeare Birthplace Trust 9152:"Showcase: Let Robeson Sing" 8642:, November 1951, pp. 569–73. 7816:. In Lee, Ching Kwan (ed.). 7650:Vol. 7, No. 1 (Summer 1998). 7581:Peter Dreier (May 8, 2014). 7401:. March 8, 1939. p. 10. 7329:. June 28, 1938. p. 6. 7220:. June 25, 1937. p. 6. 6791:. April 3, 1935. p. 12. 6336:"The Theatre and Its People" 6286:, pp. 238–40, 257; cf. 5537:. April 8, 1925. p. 2. 5289:"The Play; Jazzed Methodism" 5287:Corbin, John (May 7, 1924). 4841:"'Taboo' Casts Voodoo Spell" 3426:, pp. 5–6, 145–49; cf. 3216:Paul Robeson: Favorite Songs 3014:Negro bhai amar Paul Robeson 2282:National Eisteddfod of Wales 1410:, and appeared in the films 7: 15199:William Stanley Braithwaite 14835:South Shore Cultural Center 14822:Paul Robeson House (London) 14502:Negroes Should Join the CIO 14193:All God's Chillun Got Wings 13901:Paul Robeson Charter School 13560:Wright, Charles H. (1975). 13518:Weisenfeld, Judith (1997). 13447:. Oxford University Press. 13419:Harris, Francis C. (1998). 13124:Pellowski, Michael (2008). 12898:The Abraham Lincoln Brigade 12284:. World Publishing Company. 12278:Hoyt, Edwin Palmer (1967). 12272:Paul Robeson: A Watched Man 12194:Brown, Lloyd Louis (1997). 10083:Miller, Patrick B. (2005). 9801:Lamparski, Richard (1968). 9033:Paul Robeson: A Watched Man 7587:Los Angeles Review of Books 7546:. Retrieved April 14, 2024. 6785:, pp. 180–82; contra: 5851:. May 4, 1928. p. 14. 5673:The New York Amsterdam News 5634:The New York Amsterdam News 5620:. May 2, 1925. p. 10. 5535:The New York Amsterdam News 3244: 2869:performed the one-man show 2821: 2811: 2370:", a secret CIA programme. 2345:1961–1963: Health breakdown 1960:establish fascism in Greece 1574:World War II, the Broadway 1296:. His "sudden interest" in 1137:, and marriage difficulties 1034:All God's Chillun Got Wings 699:United States Supreme Court 660:and his involvement in the 610:All God's Chillun Got Wings 209:All God's Chillun Got Wings 10: 17111: 16980:Columbia Law School alumni 16845:African-American activists 14434:Council on African Affairs 14147:Paul Robeson: Here I Stand 13864:Internet Broadway Database 13716:Paul Robeson: Here I Stand 13441:Stuckey, Sterling (1994). 13352:Sampson, Henry T. (2005). 13236:. McFarland. pp. 4–. 13209:Richards, Jeffrey (2001). 13106:Paul Robeson: Film Pioneer 12967:. Henry Holt and Company. 12946:. McFarland and Co., Inc. 12895:Landis, Arthur H. (1967). 12853:Hopkins, James K. (1998). 12806:. Paul Robeson Foundation. 12342:Robeson, Paul Jr. (2009). 12321:Robeson, Paul Jr. (2001). 12263:Paul Robeson: All-American 12056:Robeson, Paul Jr. (1976). 11003:Socialist Worker (Britain) 10269:Frequently Asked Questions 8467:American Heritage Magazine 7947:Robeson, Paul Jr. (2009). 7740:Dorinson & Pencak 2004 7685:Internet Broadway Database 6593:@SOAS (October 10, 2018). 5472:, pp. 14, 18–19; cf. 3493:, pp. 4, 337–38; cf. 3291:Badgers Trim Thorpe's Team 3174: 3031: 2805:In 1954, the Kurdish poet 2683:National Historic Landmark 2559:German Democratic Republic 2178:Porthcawl's Grand Pavilion 2126: 2104:International Stalin Prize 1827:People's Republic of China 1814:focus and blockade of the 1598:) workers in singing the " 1537:Council on African Affairs 1047:delay led to a revival of 818:1915–1919: Rutgers College 662:Council on African Affairs 151:SOAS, University of London 18: 17015:Milwaukee Badgers players 16945:American male film actors 16870:Activists from New Jersey 16668: 16625: 16501: 16458: 16104: 15168: 14921: 14881: 14852: 14797:Royal Shakespeare Company 14779: 14638: 14557: 14474: 14416: 14314: 14249: 14163: 13994: 13976: 13088:10.1017/S0266464X11000261 13024:Marable, Manning (2005). 12880:. Duke University Press. 12671:Dorinson, Joseph (2002). 12588:Carroll, John M. (1998). 12581:10.1080/10462939009365979 12348:. John Wiley & Sons. 12327:. John Wiley & Sons. 12062:. Paul Robeson Archives. 10526:"Paul Robeson as Othello" 8264:January 30, 2012, at the 7868:Gellman, Erik S. (2012). 7642:January 12, 2012, at the 7054:January 24, 2023, at the 6701:, pp. 184–85, 628–29 5122:January 12, 2012, at the 5082:Paul Robeson Jr. (2001). 3310:"Paul Robeson Quotations" 3012:sang the Bengali ballad " 2886:Edinburgh Festival Fringe 2850:In 2001, Welsh rock band 2745:SOAS University of London 2600:Apartheid in South Africa 2580:In 1945, he received the 2528:. He was interred in the 2479:Because of Rustin's past 2464:Robeson was contacted by 2420:Treatment in East Germany 2406:electroconvulsive therapy 2400:. He was admitted to the 2311:. After appearing at the 2299:Australia and New Zealand 2274:St. Paul's Cathedral 2244: 2231:1958–1960: Comeback tours 1867:Emancipation Proclamation 1821:March of the Volunteers ( 1751:("Arise!"), known as the 1567:Sonderfahndungsliste G.B. 1503:After an invitation from 1161:Royal Command Performance 1149:Theatre Royal, Drury Lane 1019:in Surgical Pathology at 579:New Brunswick, New Jersey 516: 512: 501: 491: 487: 472: 464: 456: 452: 447: 443: 422: 417: 413: 387: 382: 372: 362: 357: 349: 341: 336: 322: 317: 295: 284: 274: 253: 243: 215: 185: 159: 114: 99: 74: 48: 36: 29: 17025:New York (state) lawyers 15839:A. Leon Higginbotham Jr. 15455:Charles Hamilton Houston 15239:George Washington Carver 14337:Swing Low, Sweet Chariot 14279:Swing Low, Sweet Chariot 13566:. Balamp Publishing Co. 13373:Snyder, Timothy (2013). 13230:Richards, Larry (2005). 13194:. Criterion Collection. 13188:Price, Clement Alexander 12961:Lewis, David L. (2000). 12270:Goodman, Jordan (2013). 11704:. 23 (April–July 2018). 11698:"The Robeson Connection" 10850:Farber, Paul M. (2020). 10500:Shakespeare & Beyond 10496:"A contract for Othello" 10211:"Paul Robeson Galleries" 9031:Goodman, Jordan (2013). 6689:Journal of Sport History 6439:, pp. 195–200; cf. 5249:, pp. 90–91, 122–23 5161:, pp. 111, 116–17; 4264:, pp. 69, 74, 437, 4119:, pp. 22, 573; cf. 3761:, pp. 43, 46, 48–49 3517:, pp. 5–6, 14; cf. 3208:Swing Low, Sweet Chariot 3177:Paul Robeson discography 3034:Paul Robeson filmography 2952:Art Institute of Chicago 2854:released a song titled " 2694:Latvian Shipping Company 2532:in Hartsdale, New York. 2091:under Article II of the 1783:had been blocked by the 1741:Second Sino-Japanese War 739:Robeson's birthplace in 591:National Football League 353:219 lb (99 kg) 290:American football career 286:American football player 16985:Donaldson Award winners 16915:American bass-baritones 16195:Leslie Lawrence Pollard 14876:Awards for Paul Robeson 14585:Lawrence Benjamin Brown 13890:Associated institutions 13507:Walsh, Christy (1949). 13270:Robeson, Susan (1981). 13047:Theatre History Studies 13030:. Paradigm Publishers. 13003:Lustiger, Arno (2003). 12476:Balaji, Murali (2009). 12239:Ehrlich, Scott (1989). 11586:Tayoalukoandfriends.com 11556:Internet Movie Database 10234:March 29, 2008, at the 9527:, pp. 178–80; cf. 9501:, pp. 175–77; cf. 8753:March 10, 2021, at the 8494:, 1950-01-01, p. ? 8447:, pp. 364–70; cf. 8415:, pp. 358–60; cf. 8396:, pp. 361–62; cf. 8249:, pp. 142–43; cf. 7997:Pittsburgh Post-Gazette 7432:The Manchester Guardian 7327:The Manchester Guardian 7217:The Manchester Guardian 7177:Coalfield Web Materials 6514:, pp. 275–79; cf. 6419:, pp. 162–63; cf. 6282:, pp. 178–82; cf. 6266:, pp. 176–77; cf. 6184:, pp. 133–38; cf. 6148:, pp. 143–44; cf. 6128:, pp. 172–73; cf. 6038:, pp. 205–07; cf. 5946:, pp. 193–97; cf. 5930:New York Amsterdam News 5720:, pp. 169–84; cf. 5661:, pp. 82, 86; cf. 5496:New York Amsterdam News 5417:, pp. 142–43; cf. 5060:, pp. 111–14; cf. 4996:, pp. 108–09; cf. 4968:, pp. 120–21; cf. 4944:, pp. 105–07; cf. 4805:March 11, 2012, at the 4676:, pp. 161–62; cf. 4279:"Hall of Fame: Robeson" 3259:List of peace activists 2800:March of the Volunteers 2753:New Jersey Hall of Fame 2720:, was dedicated in the 2627:As of 2011, the run of 2034:, a monthly newspaper, 2003:'s television program. 1952:war on the Soviet Union 1825:) became newly founded 1816:Communist guerilla army 1797:National Negro Congress 1775:on April 24, 1941. The 1753:March of the Volunteers 1722:Kenesaw Mountain Landis 1349:and, on his arrival in 1273:New York Amsterdam News 1088:Lawrence Benjamin Brown 992:Lawrence Benjamin Brown 754:, in 1898, to Reverend 597:, with performances in 589:, while playing in the 17030:Family of Paul Robeson 16940:American football ends 16905:American anti-fascists 16189:R. Roberts (1911–1914) 15895:Constance Baker Motley 15775:Frederick D. Patterson 15511:Martin Luther King Jr. 15439:Channing Heggie Tobias 15327:William T. B. Williams 15303:Richard Berry Harrison 15287:Mordecai Wyatt Johnson 15026:Earth, Wind & Fire 14610:Shirley Graham Du Bois 14579:William Drew Robeson I 14527:To You Beloved Comrade 14372:Just Awearyin' for You 14115:The Song of the Rivers 13775:, Pluto, 250 pp.; and 13699:Interview by director 13587:. Simon and Schuster. 12942:Levy, Alan H. (2003). 12740:Farmer, James (1985). 12719:Eby, Cecil D. (2007). 12609:Curthoys, Ann (2010). 12542:Bogle, Donald (2016). 11119:"Paul Robeson Library" 8237:, pp. 342–45, 687 7918:Gao, Yunxiang (2021). 7854:March 6, 2019, at the 7715:Guinness World Records 7434:. September 14, 1945. 7381:Boyle & Bunie 2005 7202:Boyle & Bunie 2005 7117:Boyle & Bunie 2005 7096:Boyle & Bunie 2005 6850:Stars: The Film Reader 6581:Boyle & Bunie 2005 6569:Boyle & Bunie 2005 6553:Boyle & Bunie 2005 6534:The Border Cities Star 6512:Boyle & Bunie 2005 6494:, pp. 41–42; cf. 6477:Boyle & Bunie 2005 6457:Boyle & Bunie 2005 6441:Boyle & Bunie 2005 6421:Boyle & Bunie 2005 6384:Boyle & Bunie 2005 6360:Boyle & Bunie 2005 6284:Boyle & Bunie 2005 6252:Boyle & Bunie 2005 6170:Boyle & Bunie 2005 6130:Boyle & Bunie 2005 6098:Boyle & Bunie 2005 6036:Boyle & Bunie 2005 6024:Boyle & Bunie 2005 5984:Boyle & Bunie 2005 5944:Boyle & Bunie 2005 5881:Boyle & Bunie 2005 5862:Boyle & Bunie 2005 5794:Boyle & Bunie 2005 5762:Boyle & Bunie 2005 5742:Boyle & Bunie 2005 5718:Boyle & Bunie 2005 5702:Boyle & Bunie 2005 5700:, pp. 83, 88–98, 5663:Boyle & Bunie 2005 5618:The Pittsburgh Courier 5584:Boyle & Bunie 2005 5560:Boyle & Bunie 2005 5478:Boyle & Bunie 2005 5458:Boyle & Bunie 2005 5421:The Pittsburgh Courier 5415:Boyle & Bunie 2005 5401:, pp. 68–71, 76, 5397:, pp. 38–40; cf. 5366:Boyle & Bunie 2005 5323:Boyle & Bunie 2005 5259:Boyle & Bunie 2005 5247:Boyle & Bunie 2005 5237:, pp. 73–76; cf. 5219:Boyle & Bunie 2005 5159:Boyle & Bunie 2005 5113:Boyle & Bunie 2005 5058:Boyle & Bunie 2005 5038:Boyle & Bunie 2005 5036:, pp. 54–55; cf. 5022:Boyle & Bunie 2005 5020:, pp. 31–32; cf. 4994:Boyle & Bunie 2005 4982:Boyle & Bunie 2005 4970:Boyle & Bunie 2005 4952:, pp. 47–48, 50, 4942:Boyle & Bunie 2005 4930:Boyle & Bunie 2005 4920:, pp. 44–45; cf. 4906:Boyle & Bunie 2005 4877:July 28, 2020, at the 4865:Boyle & Bunie 2005 4827:Boyle & Bunie 2005 4782:, pp. 88–89, 94, 4780:Boyle & Bunie 2005 4778:, pp. 39–41; cf. 4774:, pp. 50–52; cf. 4730:Boyle & Bunie 2005 4728:, pp. 48–49; cf. 4694:Boyle & Bunie 2005 4658:Boyle & Bunie 2005 4642:Boyle & Bunie 2005 4640:, pp. 43–44; cf. 4626:Boyle & Bunie 2005 4610:Boyle & Bunie 2005 4582:Boyle & Bunie 2005 4538:Boyle & Bunie 2005 4461:Boyle & Bunie 2005 4441:Boyle & Bunie 2005 4435:, pp. 94–95; cf. 4413:Boyle & Bunie 2005 4397:Boyle & Bunie 2005 4354:Boyle & Bunie 2005 4307:Boyle & Bunie 2005 4262:Boyle & Bunie 2005 4238:Boyle & Bunie 2005 4210:Boyle & Bunie 2005 4194:Boyle & Bunie 2005 4174:Boyle & Bunie 2005 4129:Boyle & Bunie 2005 4097:Boyle & Bunie 2005 4069:Boyle & Bunie 2005 4037:Boyle & Bunie 2005 4017:Boyle & Bunie 2005 3958:Boyle & Bunie 2005 3910:Boyle & Bunie 2005 3908:, pp. 20–21; cf. 3888:, pp. 45–49; cf. 3886:Boyle & Bunie 2005 3848:, pp. 53–54, 65, 3838:Boyle & Bunie 2005 3797:, pp. 41–42; cf. 3795:Boyle & Bunie 2005 3773:, pp. 37–38; cf. 3771:Boyle & Bunie 2005 3755:Boyle & Bunie 2005 3753:, pp. 13–16; cf. 3733:, pp. 37–38; cf. 3731:Boyle & Bunie 2005 3679:Boyle & Bunie 2005 3657:, pp. 25–29; cf. 3645:, pp. 22–23; cf. 3643:Boyle & Bunie 2005 3623:Boyle & Bunie 2005 3603:Boyle & Bunie 2005 3581:, pp. 16–17; cf. 3579:Boyle & Bunie 2005 3567:Boyle & Bunie 2005 3543:Boyle & Bunie 2005 3515:Boyle & Bunie 2005 3495:Boyle & Bunie 2005 3432:Boyle & Bunie 2005 3408:Boyle & Bunie 2005 3386:June 22, 2017, at the 3296:April 3, 2016, at the 3284:The Milwaukee Sentinel 3154:The Song of the Rivers 2961:On September 7, 2019, 2956:Pérez Art Museum Miami 2852:Manic Street Preachers 2763: 2737:Branch Hill, Hampstead 2679:Paul Robeson Residence 2562: 2546: 2449: 2448:in Philadelphia (2009) 2386:Robeson stayed at the 2332:Aboriginal Australians 2313:Brisbane Festival Hall 2093:UN Genocide Convention 2055:columnist Earl Brown. 1994:1950–1955: Blacklisted 1937: 1843:Moore's Ford lynchings 1625: 1603: 1561: 1509:International Brigades 1456: 1333:. Robeson, Essie, and 1318: 1096:Provincetown Playhouse 926:, where he joined the 884: 835: 792:Somerville High School 743: 16935:American folk singers 16319:Chester R. Stackhouse 15855:Myrlie Evers-Williams 15611:Clarence Mitchell Jr. 15463:Mabel Keaton Staupers 15223:Charles Sidney Gilpin 14831:Paul Robeson Theatre 14711:Esther Cooper Jackson 14590:Benjamin J. Davis Jr. 14567:Eslanda Goode Robeson 14439:Civil Rights Congress 13912:Paul Robeson archives 13793:Fordin, Hugh (1986). 13581:Wyden, Peter (1983). 13428:Naison, Mark (1998). 13076:New Theatre Quarterly 13059:10.1353/ths.2010.0003 12988:. Allen & Unwin. 12982:Low, Rachael (1985). 12929:Lennox, Sara (2011). 12802:Foner, Henry (2001). 12682:Foner, Henry (2002). 12363:Seton, Marie (1958). 11462:"Paul Robeson Lyrics" 11366:"Paul Robeson Tomato" 10470:Theaterhalloffame.org 10407:. February 25, 1998. 10263:July 1, 2010, at the 9156:University of Warwick 8824:The Victoria Advocate 8151:May 25, 2011, at the 8134:, pp. 62, 66, 88 7953:. Wiley. p. 25. 7460:; Dr. Hywel Francis. 7158:, June 20, 1938; cf. 6876:"Stevedore in London" 5671:"Robeson on Victor". 5353:Chicago Daily Tribune 3693:, pp. 9–10; cf. 2761: 2649:Pallant House Gallery 2556: 2541: 2474:Civil Rights Movement 2454:civil rights movement 2443: 2436:1963–1976: Retirement 2404:, where he underwent 2351:civil rights movement 2170:St. Pancras Town Hall 2077:Civil Rights Congress 1962:. We wish peace with 1935: 1925:, charged during the 1923:Benjamin J. Davis Jr. 1891:Civil Rights Congress 1726:Major League Baseball 1609: 1593: 1545: 1459:In 1935, Robeson met 1450: 1441:Motion Picture Herald 1329:led him to visit the 1306: 1169:Members of Parliament 1055:Charles Sidney Gilpin 943:Eslanda "Essie" Goode 941:Robeson began dating 878: 825: 741:Princeton, New Jersey 738: 685:U.S. State Department 448:Career NFL statistics 67:Princeton, New Jersey 16620:consensus selections 16453:consensus selections 15959:Frankie Muse Freeman 15723:Benjamin Elijah Mays 15351:Walter Francis White 15255:James Weldon Johnson 15231:Mary Burnett Talbert 14492:I Want to Be African 14386:Ballad for Americans 14258:Ballad for Americans 14075:King Solomon's Mines 14035:Sanders of the River 13783:, Scribe, 292 pp.), 13686:His name was Robeson 13463:Von Eschen, Penny M. 13166:Pitt, Larry (1972). 12725:. Penn State Press. 12415:on September 7, 2015 12289:Ramdin, Ron (1987). 11735:. January 23, 2019. 11227:"Somerville History" 10627:Paul Robeson Archive 10375:Cpsr.cs.uchicago.edu 10247:on November 23, 2011 10229:Paul Robeson Library 9088:. 9:50 minutes in. 9053:. October 10, 2018. 8804:The News and Courier 7812:Chi, Robert (2007). 7397:"Robeson's Return". 5460:, pp. 149, 152. 4956:, pp. 59, 63–64 4896:, pp. 6–8; cf. 4732:, pp. 89, 104, 4027:, pp. 28, 31–32 3597:, pp. 5–6; cf. 3561:, pp. 6–7; cf. 3255:, American newspaper 3114:King Solomon's Mines 3074:Sanders of the River 3008:. Singer-songwriter 2812:Bangêk bo Pol Ropsin 2749:Criterion Collection 2073:William L. Patterson 1947:Paris Peace Congress 1682:democratic socialist 1648:Ballad for Americans 1640:Enfield, Connecticut 1600:Star Spangled Banner 1548:Birmingham Town Hall 1546:Robeson performs at 1535:(later known as the 1429:King Solomon's Mines 1396:Toussaint Louverture 1368:Sanders of the River 1359:Sanders of the River 1314:Sanders of the River 1307:Robeson and actress 1286:University of London 1151:. His rendition of " 1017:histological chemist 988:Mrs Patrick Campbell 760:Maria Louisa Bustill 756:William Drew Robeson 746:Robeson was born in 731:1898–1915: Childhood 643:Sanders of the River 337:Personal information 266:Maria Louisa Bustill 261:William Drew Robeson 108:Greenburgh, New York 17050:Politics and sports 17000:Hollywood blacklist 16965:American socialists 15487:Theodore K. Lawless 15335:Mary McLeod Bethune 15279:Charles W. Chesnutt 15175:Ernest Everett Just 14812:Moscow Conservatory 14807:Columbia Law School 14549:Paul Robeson Speaks 14241:Peace Arch Concerts 13928:Library of Congress 13513:. Murray & Gee. 13358:. Scarecrow Press. 12470:Secondary materials 12303:Paul Robeson, Negro 12216:Duberman, Martin B. 11727:Alexander, Morris. 11558:. October 8, 1979. 11257:Robeson.philasd.org 10916:untoldlondon.org.uk 10695:on January 16, 2012 10531:Library of Congress 10506:on October 16, 2019 10280:O'Malley, Padraig. 10191:on November 5, 2011 10069:, p. 363; cf. 9626:(radio broadcast). 9599:(radio broadcast). 9119:(January 5, 2016). 9080:(January 5, 2016). 8913:. History Matters. 8773:Humanities Research 8759:Humanities Research 8690:, p. 396; cf. 8518:, p. 162; cf. 8431:, p. 364; cf. 8253:, pp. 197–98, 8233:, pp. 142–43; 7474:on February 3, 2012 7383:, p. 320; cf. 7311:, pp. 279–80, 7307:, p. 356; cf. 7286:on October 30, 2016 7183:on February 3, 2006 7111:, p. 167; cf. 7094:, p. 292; cf. 6804:, p. 257; cf. 6627:on February 7, 2021 6555:, pp. 284–85; 6459:, pp. 271–74; 6443:, pp. 267–68, 6423:, pp. 262–63, 6403:, p. 145; cf. 6390:, pp. 132, 194 6386:, pp. 258–59, 6382:, p. 161; cf. 6362:, pp. 253–54, 6226:, p. 114; cf. 6168:, pp. 129–30, 6132:, pp. 230–34, 6100:, pp. 159–60, 6042:, pp. 153–56, 5864:, pp. 188–92, 5860:, pp. 113–15, 5796:, p. 186; cf. 5776:, p. 110; cf. 5756:, p. 143; cf. 5740:, p. 106; cf. 5724:, pp. 98–106, 5704:, pp. 161–67, 5368:, pp. 126–27, 5221:, pp. 118–21, 5204:Robert Edmond Jones 5176:"All God's Chillun" 5115:, p. 115; cf. 5040:, pp. 111–13, 5004:, pp. 34, 51, 4867:, pp. 100–05, 4813:, pp. 147–48, 4660:, p. 143; cf. 4604:, p. 111; cf. 3892:, pp. 19, 24, 3868:, pp. 60, 64, 3341:The Literary Digest 3336:Vizetelly, Frank H. 2841:Robeson's testimony 2718:Allen Uzikee Nelson 2692:announced that the 2598:His efforts to end 2293:Royal Festival Hall 2259:Stratford-Upon-Avon 2192:1956 Party Congress 2186:'s denunciation of 2066:Communist Party USA 2024:Department of State 1956:imperialist Germany 1914:World Peace Council 1878:Communist Party USA 1769:United China Relief 1596:Oakland, California 1521:Indian independence 1408:Westminster Theatre 1321:His friends in the 1288:, where he studied 587:Columbia Law School 139:Columbia University 134:New York University 16995:Harlem Renaissance 16890:Akron Pros players 15999:Nathaniel R. Jones 15863:Earl G. Graves Sr. 15831:John Hope Franklin 15431:Percy Lavon Julian 15391:A. Philip Randolph 15311:Robert Russa Moton 15052:The Isley Brothers 14841:Store Front Museum 14787:Rutgers University 14449:We Charge Genocide 14393:Land of My Fathers 14351:Mighty Lak' a Rose 14300:"Encore, Robeson!" 14224:1958 Carnegie Hall 14107:Tales of Manhattan 14067:My Song Goes Forth 13896:Paul Robeson House 12700:10.1007/BF00972143 12306:. Read Books Ltd. 12200:. Westview Press. 12098:"The New Idealism" 11526:The New York Times 11494:The New York Times 11289:. April 18, 2019. 10979:on August 10, 2013 10947:The Globe and Mail 10786:Dolkart, Andrew S. 10551:, pp. 114–40. 10538:on April 28, 2010. 10405:The New York Times 9996:, pp. 236–37. 9970:on August 19, 2007 9911:, pp. 235–37. 9899:, pp. 162–63. 9887:, pp. 297–98. 9833:The New York Times 9818:, pp. 516–18. 9702:, pp. 180–81. 9690:, pp. 735–36. 9663:, pp. 438–42. 9651:, pp. 563–64. 9560:, pp. 498–99. 9473:, pp. 470–71. 9394:, pp. 487–91. 9331:, pp. 469–70. 8876:, pp. 236–41. 8852:, pp. 347–49. 8706:, pp. 397–98. 8666:, pp. 112–15. 8604:, pp. 388–89. 8592:, pp. 181–85. 8555:. March 16, 1950. 8553:The New York Times 8369:, pp. 353–54. 8357:, pp. 210–11. 8330:, pp. 210–11. 8318:, pp. 352–53. 8221:, pp. 197–98. 8049:, pp. 249–50. 8025:, pp. 157–56. 7847:The Ivens Magazine 7770:, pp. 296–97. 7662:, pp. 125–27. 7623:, pp. 259–61. 7519:, pp. 236–38. 7507:, pp. 90, 96. 7462:"The Proud Valley" 7265:, pp. 433–34. 7162:, pp. 222–23. 7074:, p. 53; cf. 7047:Jerome, F. (2004) 6895:, pp. 280–81. 6820:, pp. 170–71. 6753:, p. 53; cf. 6677:, pp. 182–85. 6583:, pp. 284–85. 6571:, pp. 285–86. 6341:Border Cities Star 6290:, pp. 62–64, 6246:, p. 29; cf. 6164:, p. 24; cf. 6116:, pp. 163–65. 6074:, pp. 123–24. 6062:, pp. 126–27. 6018:, p. 30; cf. 5966:Pittsburgh Courier 5895:Pittsburgh Courier 5696:, pp. 45–47; 5602:The New York Times 5582:, pp. 41–42, 5578:, p. 79; cf. 5558:, p. 78; cf. 5456:, p. 84; cf. 5337:The New York Times 5325:, pp. 124–25. 5321:, pp. 62–63, 5293:The New York Times 5273:Pittsburgh Courier 5241:, pp. 36–37, 5217:, pp. 57–59, 5188:on August 23, 2007 5157:, pp. 52–55; 5134:The New York Times 5068:, pp. 71–72, 5064:, pp. 54–55, 5000:, pp. 68–69, 4928:, pp. 57–59, 4904:, pp. 57–59, 4900:, pp. 44–45, 4798:, p. 30; cf. 4739:The New York Times 4724:, p. 93; cf. 4696:, pp. 87–89, 4580:, p. 34; cf. 4544:, pp. 26–27, 4514:"The New Idealism" 4487:Sports Illustrated 4459:, p. 26; cf. 4443:, pp. 75–76, 4415:, p. 74; cf. 4381:on January 3, 2012 4360:, pp. 22–23, 4356:, p. 66; cf. 4260:, p. 24; cf. 4244:, pp. 86–87, 4240:, pp. 68–69, 4236:, p. 25; cf. 4196:, pp. 68–69, 4188:, p. 33; cf. 4142:"Men of the Month" 4127:, pp. 74–82, 4123:, pp. 29–30, 4099:, pp. 59–60, 4095:, pp. 22–23, 4091:, pp. 68–70; 4067:, p. 24; cf. 4039:, p. 54; cf. 4015:, p. 24; cf. 3964:, pp. 20–21, 3960:, pp. 49–50, 3932:The New York Times 3912:, pp. 49–50, 3864:, p. 19; cf. 3844:, pp. 18–19, 3840:, pp. 40–41, 3836:, p. 11; cf. 3813:Boston Daily Globe 3801:, pp. 54–55, 3781:, pp. 13–16, 3757:, pp. 34–36, 3713:, p. 17; cf. 3673:, p. 11; cf. 3605:, pp. 18–20, 3232:"Encore, Robeson!" 3146:Tales of Manhattan 3122:Jericho/Dark Sands 3106:My Song Goes Forth 2963:Crossroads Theatre 2875:Phillip Hayes Dean 2793:In popular culture 2764: 2675:Washington Heights 2567:Harlem Renaissance 2563: 2530:Ferncliff Cemetery 2450: 2446:Paul Robeson House 2376:bipolar depression 2309:Sydney Opera House 2081:We Charge Genocide 1981:(HUAC) subpoenaed 1968:people's Republics 1938: 1686:Hitler-Stalin pact 1670:Tales of Manhattan 1626: 1604: 1562: 1457: 1424:My Song Goes Forth 1389:, who concluded: " 1327:British socialists 1319: 1230:Abbey Road Studios 924:Lincoln University 885: 836: 744: 620:, in 1922, and in 595:Harlem Renaissance 523:Paul Leroy Robeson 358:Career information 104:Ferncliff Cemetery 53:Paul Leroy Robeson 16759: 16758: 16584: 16583: 16417: 16416: 16343:Robert N. Gardner 16327:Irving Mondschein 16271:William S. Taylor 16239:John A. Shelburne 16062: 16061: 16056: 16055: 16039:Cato T. Laurencin 15423:Thurgood Marshall 15399:William H. Hastie 15263:Carter G. Woodson 15127: 15126: 14868: 14867: 14827:Paul Robeson Home 14736:Nikita Khrushchev 14454:Progressive Party 14407:On My Journey Now 14265:Songs of Free Men 14027:The Emperor Jones 13923:National Archives 13806:978-0-306-80668-1 13799:. Da Capo Press. 13701:Nikolay Milovidov 13662:DEFA Film library 13337:. Mehring Books. 13316:. HarperCollins. 13276:. Citadel Press. 12917:978-90-420-3341-2 12824:978-0-8147-1681-6 12506:. Penguin Books. 12489:978-0-7867-3260-9 12207:978-0-8133-3177-5 12082:. Citadel Press. 12050:Primary materials 12033:on March 18, 2022 11861:The Assam Tribune 11765:. July 20, 2017. 11733:Every Day Fiction 11670:Los Angeles Times 11287:amsterdamnews.com 10941:Gill, Alexandra. 10922:on April 29, 2014 10863:978-1-4696-5510-9 10799:978-0-470-28963-1 10753:Npgallery.nps.gov 10217:on August 5, 2011 10159:on August 2, 2014 10029:on July 27, 2011. 9416:Steinke, Nicole. 8722:The Afro American 8694:, pp. 112–15 8492:Los Angeles Times 8381:, pp. 142–43 8197:, p. 326–27. 7531:, pp. 91–92. 7495:, pp. 89–90. 7315:, pp. 245–46 7098:, pp. 375–78 6808:, pp. 181–82 6741:, pp. 53–55. 6559:, pp. 169–70 6529:"Black Greatness" 6518:, pp. 167–68 6502:, pp. 168–69 6479:, p. 269–71. 6427:, pp. 194–96 6370:, pp. 192–93 6294:, pp. 140–44 6254:, pp. 226–29 6172:, pp. 221–23 6152:, pp. 165–66 6136:, pp. 139–40 6104:, pp. 100–01 5868:, pp. 149–56 5649:, pp. 80–81. 5225:, pp. 32–33. 5008:, pp. 151–52 4972:, pp. 105–06 4932:, pp. 100–01 4908:, pp. 98–100 4846:The Evening World 4829:, p. 104–05. 4648:, pp. 107–08 4592:, pp. 140–41 4526:on March 14, 2012 4364:, pp. 30, 35 4329:The Evening World 4212:, pp. 68–69. 3896:, pp. 60, 65 3621:, p. 9; cf. 3541:, p. 3; cf. 3529:, pp. 17, 26 3358:. NYU Libraries. 3192:Songs of Free Men 3066:The Emperor Jones 2929:Every Day Fiction 2865:In January 1978, 2837:Home of the Brave 2681:, and declared a 2549:Legacy and honors 2267:Nikita Khrushchev 2253:'s production of 2184:Nikita Khrushchev 2163:John Brown's Body 2017:Douglas MacArthur 2001:Eleanor Roosevelt 1789:Eleanor Roosevelt 1781:Constitution Hall 1765:China Aid Council 1737:Republic of China 1602:", September 1942 1481:Spanish Civil War 1339:Sergei Eisenstein 1268:their own culture 1264:African Americans 1256:The Emperor Jones 1251:The Emperor Jones 1165:Buckingham Palace 1107:The Emperor Jones 1050:The Emperor Jones 996:Milwaukee Badgers 982:before he joined 808:Narragansett Pier 658:Spanish Civil War 656:cause during the 604:The Emperor Jones 520: 519: 483: 482: 401:Milwaukee Badgers 197:The Emperor Jones 17102: 16812: 16811: 16810: 16800: 16799: 16798: 16788: 16787: 16776: 16775: 16774: 16767: 16752: 16744: 16736: 16728: 16720: 16712: 16704: 16696: 16688: 16680: 16661: 16653: 16645: 16637: 16611: 16604: 16597: 16588: 16587: 16577: 16569: 16561: 16553: 16545: 16537: 16529: 16521: 16513: 16494: 16492:Everett Strupper 16486: 16478: 16470: 16444: 16437: 16430: 16421: 16420: 16410: 16402: 16394: 16386: 16378: 16370: 16362: 16354: 16346: 16338: 16330: 16322: 16314: 16306: 16298: 16290: 16282: 16274: 16266: 16258: 16255:Ulysses S. Young 16250: 16242: 16234: 16222: 16214: 16206: 16198: 16190: 16185: 16177: 16169: 16161: 16153: 16145: 16137: 16129: 16121: 16113: 16098: 16089: 16082: 16075: 16066: 16065: 16049: 16041: 16033: 16025: 16017: 16009: 16001: 15993: 15985: 15977: 15969: 15961: 15953: 15945: 15937: 15929: 15921: 15913: 15905: 15903:Robert L. Carter 15897: 15889: 15881: 15873: 15865: 15857: 15849: 15841: 15833: 15825: 15817: 15809: 15801: 15793: 15785: 15777: 15769: 15761: 15753: 15741: 15733: 15725: 15717: 15709: 15701: 15689: 15681: 15669: 15661: 15653: 15645: 15637: 15629: 15621: 15613: 15605: 15597: 15589: 15581: 15573: 15565: 15557: 15555:Robert C. Weaver 15549: 15547:Kenneth B. Clark 15541: 15533: 15525: 15523:Little Rock Nine 15513: 15505: 15497: 15489: 15481: 15479:Paul R. Williams 15473: 15465: 15457: 15449: 15441: 15433: 15425: 15417: 15409: 15401: 15393: 15385: 15377: 15369: 15361: 15353: 15345: 15337: 15329: 15321: 15313: 15305: 15297: 15289: 15281: 15273: 15265: 15257: 15249: 15241: 15233: 15225: 15217: 15215:W. E. B. Du Bois 15209: 15207:Archibald Grimké 15201: 15193: 15185: 15177: 15154: 15147: 15140: 15131: 15130: 14908: 14901: 14894: 14885: 14884: 14872: 14871: 14858: 14857: 14726:Margaret Webster 14691:Louis E. Burnham 14671:Jawaharlal Nehru 14656:Elisabeth Welch 14646:Carl Van Vechten 14605:W. E. B. Du Bois 14573:Paul Robeson Jr. 14229:Plant in The Sun 14091:The Proud Valley 13963: 13956: 13949: 13940: 13939: 13830: 13828: 13826: 13810: 13730:St. Clair Bourne 13725:American Masters 13709:Solomon Mikhoels 13673: 13671: 13669: 13638:(1979 TV movie) 13598: 13577: 13556: 13535: 13514: 13503: 13482: 13458: 13433: 13424: 13411: 13390: 13369: 13348: 13327: 13306: 13287: 13266: 13247: 13226: 13205: 13183: 13162: 13141: 13120: 13099: 13070: 13041: 13020: 12999: 12978: 12957: 12934: 12921: 12902: 12901:. Citadel Press. 12891: 12870: 12849: 12828: 12807: 12798: 12792: 12788: 12786: 12778: 12757: 12736: 12711: 12678: 12663: 12633: 12615: 12605: 12584: 12566: 12559: 12538: 12517: 12493: 12482:. Nation Books. 12456: 12444: 12424: 12422: 12420: 12411:. Archived from 12391: 12370: 12359: 12338: 12317: 12296: 12285: 12267: 12256: 12235: 12211: 12190: 12162: 12132: 12121:. Beacon Press. 12093: 12071: 12043: 12042: 12040: 12038: 12029:. Archived from 12019: 12013: 12007: 12001: 12000: 11998: 11996: 11981: 11975: 11974: 11972: 11970: 11955: 11949: 11948: 11946: 11944: 11932:The Wire (India) 11922: 11911: 11910: 11908: 11906: 11884: 11878: 11877: 11875: 11873: 11851: 11845: 11844: 11842: 11840: 11818: 11809: 11808: 11806: 11804: 11785: 11779: 11778: 11776: 11774: 11755: 11749: 11748: 11746: 11744: 11724: 11718: 11717: 11715: 11713: 11693: 11687: 11686: 11684: 11682: 11660: 11654: 11653: 11652: 11650: 11638: 11632: 11631: 11629: 11627: 11608: 11602: 11601: 11599: 11597: 11578: 11572: 11571: 11569: 11567: 11548: 11542: 11541: 11539: 11537: 11517: 11511: 11510: 11508: 11506: 11484: 11478: 11477: 11475: 11473: 11468:on March 1, 2018 11458: 11452: 11451: 11423: 11417: 11416: 11414: 11412: 11392: 11386: 11385: 11383: 11381: 11376:on July 25, 2022 11372:. Archived from 11362: 11356: 11355: 11353: 11351: 11346:on June 15, 2017 11342:. Archived from 11336: 11330: 11329: 11327: 11325: 11320:on June 10, 2019 11316:. Archived from 11309: 11303: 11302: 11300: 11298: 11279: 11273: 11272: 11270: 11268: 11249: 11243: 11242: 11240: 11238: 11223: 11217: 11216: 11214: 11212: 11197: 11191: 11190: 11188: 11186: 11181:on March 7, 2018 11177:. Archived from 11167: 11161: 11160: 11158: 11156: 11141: 11135: 11134: 11132: 11130: 11115: 11109: 11108: 11106: 11104: 11082: 11076: 11075: 11073: 11071: 11056: 11050: 11049: 11047: 11045: 11025: 11019: 11018: 11016: 11014: 10995: 10989: 10988: 10986: 10984: 10969: 10963: 10962: 10960: 10958: 10938: 10932: 10931: 10929: 10927: 10918:. Archived from 10908: 10902: 10901: 10895: 10887: 10885: 10883: 10847: 10841: 10840: 10838: 10836: 10827:. June 1, 1978. 10811: 10805: 10803: 10778: 10772: 10771: 10769: 10767: 10761: 10750: 10742: 10736: 10735: 10733: 10731: 10711: 10705: 10704: 10702: 10700: 10690: 10681: 10675: 10674: 10672: 10670: 10650: 10644: 10643: 10641: 10639: 10622: 10616: 10610: 10604: 10603: 10601: 10599: 10594:on July 18, 2011 10584: 10578: 10577: 10575: 10573: 10558: 10552: 10546: 10540: 10539: 10522: 10516: 10515: 10513: 10511: 10492: 10486: 10485: 10483: 10481: 10462: 10456: 10450: 10448: 10446: 10427: 10421: 10420: 10418: 10416: 10397: 10391: 10390: 10388: 10386: 10367: 10361: 10360: 10358: 10356: 10345:Reid MacCluggage 10330: 10324: 10323: 10321: 10319: 10304: 10298: 10297: 10295: 10293: 10277: 10271: 10256: 10254: 10252: 10243:. Archived from 10226: 10224: 10222: 10213:. Archived from 10207: 10201: 10200: 10198: 10196: 10190: 10183: 10175: 10169: 10168: 10166: 10164: 10155:. Archived from 10145: 10139: 10133: 10127: 10121: 10115: 10114: 10112: 10110: 10080: 10074: 10064: 10058: 10052: 10046: 10040: 10031: 10030: 10018: 10012: 10006: 9997: 9991: 9985: 9979: 9977: 9975: 9954: 9948: 9942: 9936: 9930: 9924: 9918: 9912: 9906: 9900: 9894: 9888: 9882: 9876: 9870: 9864: 9858: 9849: 9848: 9846: 9844: 9825: 9819: 9813: 9807: 9806: 9798: 9785: 9779: 9773: 9767: 9761: 9760: 9758: 9756: 9735: 9733: 9731: 9709: 9703: 9697: 9691: 9685: 9679: 9678: 9670: 9664: 9658: 9652: 9646: 9640: 9639: 9637: 9635: 9612: 9610: 9608: 9584: 9573: 9567: 9561: 9555: 9544: 9538: 9532: 9522: 9516: 9511: 9505: 9496: 9490: 9480: 9474: 9468: 9462: 9452: 9446: 9440: 9434: 9433: 9431: 9429: 9413: 9407: 9401: 9395: 9389: 9383: 9382: 9362: 9356: 9350: 9344: 9338: 9332: 9326: 9320: 9314: 9308: 9307: 9305: 9303: 9284: 9278: 9277: 9276:. July 11, 1958. 9266: 9260: 9254: 9248: 9247: 9245: 9243: 9223: 9217: 9211: 9205: 9204: 9202: 9200: 9178: 9172: 9171: 9169: 9167: 9147: 9141: 9140: 9138: 9136: 9112: 9106: 9105: 9103: 9101: 9073: 9067: 9066: 9064: 9062: 9043: 9037: 9036: 9028: 9022: 9016: 9010: 9009: 9007: 9005: 8985: 8979: 8978: 8976: 8974: 8959: 8953: 8952: 8950: 8948: 8933: 8927: 8926: 8924: 8922: 8907: 8901: 8895: 8889: 8883: 8877: 8871: 8865: 8859: 8853: 8847: 8841: 8840: 8838: 8836: 8815: 8809: 8808: 8795: 8789: 8788: 8768: 8762: 8744: 8738: 8737: 8735: 8733: 8713: 8707: 8701: 8695: 8685: 8679: 8673: 8667: 8661: 8655: 8649: 8643: 8636: 8630: 8629: 8627: 8611: 8605: 8599: 8593: 8587: 8581: 8575: 8569: 8568: 8566: 8564: 8545: 8539: 8513: 8507: 8501: 8495: 8489: 8483: 8482: 8480: 8478: 8458: 8452: 8442: 8436: 8426: 8420: 8419:, pp. 94–98 8410: 8401: 8400:, pp. 94–98 8391: 8382: 8376: 8370: 8364: 8358: 8352: 8343: 8337: 8331: 8325: 8319: 8313: 8307: 8306: 8304: 8302: 8283: 8277: 8274: 8268: 8244: 8238: 8228: 8222: 8216: 8210: 8204: 8198: 8192: 8186: 8180: 8174: 8168: 8163: 8157: 8141: 8135: 8129: 8115: 8109: 8103: 8097: 8096: 8094: 8092: 8068: 8062: 8056: 8050: 8044: 8038: 8032: 8026: 8020: 8014: 8013: 8011: 8009: 7988: 7982: 7976: 7965: 7964: 7944: 7938: 7937: 7915: 7886: 7885: 7865: 7859: 7841: 7832: 7831: 7809: 7803: 7802: 7780: 7771: 7765: 7759: 7753: 7747: 7737: 7731: 7730: 7728: 7726: 7707: 7701: 7700: 7698: 7696: 7669: 7663: 7657: 7651: 7633: 7624: 7618: 7612: 7609: 7603: 7602: 7600: 7598: 7578: 7572: 7565: 7559: 7553: 7547: 7538: 7532: 7526: 7520: 7514: 7508: 7502: 7496: 7490: 7484: 7483: 7481: 7479: 7473: 7466: 7454: 7448: 7447: 7445: 7443: 7424: 7418: 7417: 7409: 7403: 7402: 7394: 7388: 7378: 7372: 7366: 7360: 7350: 7344: 7338: 7322: 7316: 7302: 7296: 7295: 7293: 7291: 7282:. Archived from 7280:Rutas Culturales 7272: 7266: 7260: 7251: 7245: 7239: 7229: 7211: 7205: 7199: 7193: 7192: 7190: 7188: 7169: 7163: 7150: 7144: 7138: 7132: 7105: 7099: 7089: 7083: 7069: 7063: 7045: 7039: 7033: 7031: 7029: 7008: 7002: 6991: 6985: 6974: 6968: 6967: 6965: 6963: 6948: 6942: 6931: 6925: 6914: 6908: 6902: 6896: 6890: 6884: 6883: 6871: 6865: 6864: 6844: 6838: 6827: 6821: 6815: 6809: 6799: 6793: 6792: 6780: 6769:Cinema Quarterly 6764: 6758: 6757:, pp. 78–82 6748: 6742: 6736: 6730: 6724: 6718: 6708: 6702: 6696: 6684: 6678: 6672: 6666: 6660: 6651: 6643: 6637: 6636: 6634: 6632: 6623:. Archived from 6613: 6607: 6606: 6590: 6584: 6578: 6572: 6566: 6560: 6550: 6548: 6546: 6525: 6519: 6509: 6503: 6489: 6480: 6474: 6468: 6454: 6448: 6434: 6428: 6414: 6408: 6397: 6391: 6377: 6371: 6357: 6355: 6353: 6331: 6325: 6324: 6322: 6320: 6301: 6295: 6277: 6271: 6261: 6255: 6241: 6235: 6221: 6215: 6214: 6212: 6210: 6195: 6189: 6188:, pp. 59–60 6179: 6173: 6159: 6153: 6143: 6137: 6123: 6117: 6111: 6105: 6091: 6081: 6075: 6069: 6063: 6057: 6051: 6033: 6027: 6013: 6002:Chicago Defender 5997: 5991: 5977: 5961: 5955: 5941: 5925: 5919: 5909: 5890: 5884: 5878: 5869: 5855: 5844: 5836: 5830: 5829: 5827: 5825: 5811: 5805: 5791: 5785: 5771: 5765: 5751: 5745: 5735: 5729: 5728:, pp. 47–49 5715: 5709: 5708:, pp. 95–97 5691: 5685: 5684: 5656: 5650: 5645: 5629: 5613: 5597: 5591: 5590:, pp. 85–86 5573: 5567: 5553: 5547: 5546: 5530: 5519:Chicago Defender 5514: 5508: 5507: 5491: 5485: 5467: 5461: 5451: 5445: 5439: 5433: 5432: 5412: 5406: 5392: 5386: 5379: 5373: 5372:, pp. 64–65 5364: 5348: 5332: 5326: 5316: 5314: 5312: 5284: 5268: 5262: 5256: 5250: 5232: 5226: 5212: 5208:Kenneth Macgowan 5195: 5193: 5172: 5166: 5152: 5146: 5145: 5110: 5104: 5103: 5079: 5073: 5055: 5049: 5031: 5025: 5015: 5009: 4991: 4985: 4979: 4973: 4963: 4957: 4939: 4933: 4915: 4909: 4891: 4885: 4862: 4860: 4858: 4836: 4830: 4824: 4818: 4793: 4787: 4769: 4763: 4762: 4760: 4758: 4741:. May 11, 1924. 4719: 4713: 4707: 4701: 4700:, pp. 46–48 4687: 4681: 4671: 4665: 4655: 4649: 4635: 4629: 4623: 4617: 4599: 4593: 4575: 4569: 4559: 4553: 4552:, pp. 36–39 4535: 4533: 4531: 4509: 4503: 4502: 4500: 4498: 4478: 4472: 4454: 4448: 4430: 4424: 4410: 4404: 4390: 4388: 4386: 4371: 4365: 4351: 4345: 4344: 4342: 4340: 4320: 4314: 4313:, pp. 34–35 4300: 4298: 4296: 4275: 4269: 4255: 4249: 4231: 4225: 4219: 4213: 4207: 4201: 4200:, pp. 85–87 4183: 4177: 4171: 4165: 4159: 4138: 4132: 4131:, pp. 65–66 4114: 4108: 4086: 4080: 4062: 4056: 4047:, pp. 1–2, 4034: 4028: 4010: 4004: 4003: 3975: 3969: 3968:, pp. 22–23 3955: 3953: 3951: 3923: 3917: 3916:, pp. 61–63 3903: 3897: 3883: 3877: 3859: 3853: 3831: 3825: 3824: 3792: 3786: 3785:, pp. 46–47 3768: 3762: 3748: 3742: 3741:, pp. 49–51 3728: 3722: 3721:, pp. 46–47 3708: 3702: 3701:, pp. 13–14 3688: 3682: 3681:, pp. 27–29 3668: 3662: 3653:, pp. 7–8, 3640: 3634: 3629:, pp. 6–7, 3616: 3610: 3601:, pp. 6–9, 3592: 3586: 3576: 3570: 3569:, pp. 18–20 3565:, pp. 5–6, 3556: 3550: 3536: 3530: 3525:, pp. 4–6, 3521:, pp. 4–5, 3512: 3506: 3488: 3482: 3481: 3479: 3477: 3452: 3446: 3441: 3435: 3434:, pp. 10–12 3430:, pp. 4–5; 3421: 3415: 3397: 3391: 3378: 3372: 3371: 3369: 3367: 3352: 3346: 3345: 3332: 3326: 3325: 3323: 3321: 3306: 3300: 3288: 3275: 3130:The Proud Valley 3018:Jawaharlal Nehru 2867:James Earl Jones 2860:UK Singles Chart 2856:Let Robeson Sing 2824: 2822:Heval Pol Robson 2814: 2735:on the house in 2733:English Heritage 2731:was unveiled by 2575:Penny Von Eschen 2571:Negro spirituals 2357:Moscow breakdown 2317:Marxism-Leninism 2263:Luzhniki Stadium 2087:, was guilty of 2079:petition titled 2032:W. E. B. Du Bois 1918:Associated Press 1906:Henry A. Wallace 1886:Tenney Committee 1869:, September 23. 1863:W. E. B. Du Bois 1847:President Truman 1771:at Washington's 1757:Lewisohn Stadium 1702:Solomon Mikhoels 1631:The Proud Valley 1525:Plant in the Sun 1517:Jawaharlal Nehru 1505:J. B. S. Haldane 1495: 1491: 1465:McCarter Theatre 1364:colonial African 1323:anti-imperialist 1173:House of Commons 1122:Paul Robeson Jr. 1025:Schomburg Center 964:Mary Hoyt Wiborg 947:Ridgely Torrence 910:The Daily Targum 718:", backed with " 558: 553: 552: 549: 548: 545: 542: 539: 536: 533: 492:Player stats at 454: 453: 383:Career history 312: 309: 300: 248:Paul Robeson Jr. 237: 235: 147: 130: 84: 82: 79:January 23, 1976 62: 60: 41: 27: 26: 21:Paul Robeson Jr. 17110: 17109: 17105: 17104: 17103: 17101: 17100: 17099: 16920:American basses 16820: 16819: 16818: 16808: 16806: 16796: 16794: 16782: 16772: 16770: 16762: 16760: 16755: 16747: 16739: 16731: 16723: 16715: 16707: 16699: 16691: 16683: 16675: 16664: 16656: 16651:Wolcott Roberts 16648: 16640: 16632: 16621: 16615: 16585: 16580: 16575:Frank Rydzewski 16572: 16567:Jock Sutherland 16564: 16556: 16548: 16540: 16532: 16524: 16516: 16508: 16497: 16489: 16481: 16473: 16465: 16454: 16448: 16418: 16413: 16405: 16397: 16389: 16381: 16373: 16365: 16357: 16349: 16341: 16333: 16325: 16317: 16309: 16301: 16293: 16287:Julie F. Martin 16285: 16279:Ernest M. Smith 16277: 16269: 16263:Edward Morrison 16261: 16253: 16245: 16237: 16225: 16217: 16209: 16201: 16193: 16188: 16180: 16172: 16166:Henry T. Austin 16164: 16156: 16148: 16140: 16132: 16124: 16116: 16108: 16100: 16096: 16093: 16063: 16058: 16057: 16052: 16044: 16036: 16028: 16023:Patrick Gaspard 16020: 16012: 16004: 15996: 15988: 15980: 15972: 15967:Harry Belafonte 15964: 15956: 15948: 15940: 15932: 15924: 15916: 15908: 15900: 15892: 15884: 15876: 15868: 15860: 15852: 15844: 15836: 15828: 15820: 15812: 15804: 15796: 15788: 15780: 15772: 15764: 15756: 15744: 15736: 15728: 15720: 15712: 15704: 15692: 15684: 15672: 15664: 15656: 15648: 15640: 15632: 15624: 15616: 15608: 15603:Sammy Davis Jr. 15600: 15592: 15587:John H. Johnson 15584: 15576: 15568: 15560: 15552: 15544: 15539:Langston Hughes 15536: 15528: 15516: 15508: 15503:Jackie Robinson 15500: 15492: 15484: 15476: 15468: 15460: 15452: 15444: 15436: 15428: 15420: 15412: 15407:Charles R. Drew 15404: 15396: 15388: 15380: 15375:Louis T. Wright 15372: 15367:Marian Anderson 15364: 15356: 15348: 15340: 15332: 15324: 15316: 15308: 15300: 15292: 15284: 15276: 15271:Anthony Overton 15268: 15260: 15252: 15244: 15236: 15228: 15220: 15212: 15204: 15196: 15188: 15180: 15172: 15164: 15158: 15128: 15123: 15058:Kathleen Battle 15038:Aretha Franklin 15006:The Temptations 14974:Sammy Davis Jr. 14940:Marian Anderson 14936:Ella Fitzgerald 14917: 14912: 14877: 14869: 14864: 14848: 14775: 14766:Martin Duberman 14706:Harry Belafonte 14634: 14559: 14553: 14476: 14470: 14466:Peekskill riots 14418: 14412: 14310: 14245: 14218:1959, Stratford 14159: 14051:Song of Freedom 13990: 13972: 13967: 13914: 13892: 13871:discography at 13837: 13824: 13822: 13807: 13761: 13759:Further reading 13667: 13665: 13656: 13605: 13595: 13574: 13553: 13545:. Sourcebooks. 13532: 13500: 13479: 13455: 13408: 13387: 13379:. Basic Books. 13366: 13345: 13324: 13303: 13284: 13263: 13244: 13223: 13215:. I.B. Tauris. 13202: 13180: 13159: 13138: 13117: 13038: 13017: 12996: 12975: 12954: 12918: 12888: 12867: 12846: 12825: 12790: 12789: 12780: 12779: 12775: 12767:. Sourcebooks. 12754: 12733: 12677:. pp. 65–. 12660: 12630: 12613: 12602: 12564: 12556: 12535: 12514: 12490: 12472: 12453: 12418: 12416: 12409: 12388: 12356: 12335: 12314: 12253: 12232: 12224:. Bodley Head. 12208: 12187: 12169: 12159: 12129: 12090: 12052: 12047: 12046: 12036: 12034: 12021: 12020: 12016: 12008: 12004: 11994: 11992: 11982: 11978: 11968: 11966: 11963:Chicago Tribune 11957: 11956: 11952: 11942: 11940: 11923: 11914: 11904: 11902: 11885: 11881: 11871: 11869: 11852: 11848: 11838: 11836: 11828:National Herald 11819: 11812: 11802: 11800: 11787: 11786: 11782: 11772: 11770: 11757: 11756: 11752: 11742: 11740: 11729:"A Small World" 11725: 11721: 11711: 11709: 11694: 11690: 11680: 11678: 11661: 11657: 11648: 11646: 11640: 11639: 11635: 11625: 11623: 11610: 11609: 11605: 11595: 11593: 11580: 11579: 11575: 11565: 11563: 11550: 11549: 11545: 11535: 11533: 11518: 11514: 11504: 11502: 11485: 11481: 11471: 11469: 11460: 11459: 11455: 11424: 11420: 11410: 11408: 11395:Gao, Yunxiang. 11393: 11389: 11379: 11377: 11364: 11363: 11359: 11349: 11347: 11338: 11337: 11333: 11323: 11321: 11310: 11306: 11296: 11294: 11281: 11280: 11276: 11266: 11264: 11251: 11250: 11246: 11236: 11234: 11233:on May 28, 2018 11225: 11224: 11220: 11210: 11208: 11199: 11198: 11194: 11184: 11182: 11169: 11168: 11164: 11154: 11152: 11143: 11142: 11138: 11128: 11126: 11117: 11116: 11112: 11102: 11100: 11092:The Star-Ledger 11083: 11079: 11069: 11067: 11058: 11057: 11053: 11043: 11041: 11026: 11022: 11012: 11010: 10997: 10996: 10992: 10982: 10980: 10971: 10970: 10966: 10956: 10954: 10939: 10935: 10925: 10923: 10910: 10909: 10905: 10889: 10888: 10881: 10879: 10864: 10848: 10844: 10834: 10832: 10813: 10812: 10808: 10800: 10779: 10775: 10765: 10763: 10759: 10748: 10744: 10743: 10739: 10729: 10727: 10712: 10708: 10698: 10696: 10688: 10682: 10678: 10668: 10666: 10651: 10647: 10637: 10635: 10624: 10623: 10619: 10611: 10607: 10597: 10595: 10586: 10585: 10581: 10571: 10569: 10560: 10559: 10555: 10547: 10543: 10524: 10523: 10519: 10509: 10507: 10494: 10493: 10489: 10479: 10477: 10464: 10463: 10459: 10453:Wade-Lewis 2007 10444: 10442: 10429: 10428: 10424: 10414: 10412: 10399: 10398: 10394: 10384: 10382: 10369: 10368: 10364: 10354: 10352: 10331: 10327: 10317: 10315: 10306: 10305: 10301: 10291: 10289: 10278: 10274: 10265:Wayback Machine 10250: 10248: 10239: 10236:Wayback Machine 10220: 10218: 10209: 10208: 10204: 10194: 10192: 10188: 10181: 10177: 10176: 10172: 10162: 10160: 10147: 10146: 10142: 10136:Von Eschen 2014 10134: 10130: 10122: 10118: 10108: 10106: 10099: 10081: 10077: 10065: 10061: 10053: 10049: 10041: 10034: 10019: 10015: 10007: 10000: 9992: 9988: 9973: 9971: 9956: 9955: 9951: 9943: 9939: 9931: 9927: 9919: 9915: 9907: 9903: 9895: 9891: 9883: 9879: 9871: 9867: 9859: 9852: 9842: 9840: 9826: 9822: 9814: 9810: 9799: 9788: 9780: 9776: 9768: 9764: 9754: 9752: 9737: 9729: 9727: 9710: 9706: 9698: 9694: 9686: 9682: 9671: 9667: 9659: 9655: 9647: 9643: 9633: 9631: 9613: 9606: 9604: 9586: 9585: 9576: 9568: 9564: 9556: 9547: 9539: 9535: 9523: 9519: 9512: 9508: 9497: 9493: 9481: 9477: 9469: 9465: 9457:, p. 168; 9453: 9449: 9441: 9437: 9427: 9425: 9414: 9410: 9402: 9398: 9390: 9386: 9379: 9363: 9359: 9351: 9347: 9339: 9335: 9327: 9323: 9315: 9311: 9301: 9299: 9286: 9285: 9281: 9274:The Modesto Bee 9268: 9267: 9263: 9255: 9251: 9241: 9239: 9224: 9220: 9212: 9208: 9198: 9196: 9179: 9175: 9165: 9163: 9148: 9144: 9134: 9132: 9114: 9113: 9109: 9099: 9097: 9075: 9074: 9070: 9060: 9058: 9045: 9044: 9040: 9029: 9025: 9021:, pp. 3–8. 9017: 9013: 9003: 9001: 8986: 8982: 8972: 8970: 8961: 8960: 8956: 8946: 8944: 8935: 8934: 8930: 8920: 8918: 8909: 8908: 8904: 8896: 8892: 8884: 8880: 8872: 8868: 8860: 8856: 8848: 8844: 8834: 8832: 8817: 8816: 8812: 8797: 8796: 8792: 8769: 8765: 8755:Wayback Machine 8745: 8741: 8731: 8729: 8714: 8710: 8702: 8698: 8686: 8682: 8676:Von Eschen 2014 8674: 8670: 8662: 8658: 8650: 8646: 8637: 8633: 8625:2333.1/vhhmgvws 8612: 8608: 8600: 8596: 8590:Von Eschen 2014 8588: 8584: 8576: 8572: 8562: 8560: 8547: 8546: 8542: 8528:Glenn S. Warner 8514: 8510: 8502: 8498: 8490: 8486: 8476: 8474: 8459: 8455: 8443: 8439: 8427: 8423: 8411: 8404: 8392: 8385: 8377: 8373: 8365: 8361: 8353: 8346: 8338: 8334: 8326: 8322: 8314: 8310: 8300: 8298: 8285: 8284: 8280: 8275: 8271: 8266:Wayback Machine 8257:, p. 179, 8245: 8241: 8229: 8225: 8217: 8213: 8205: 8201: 8193: 8189: 8181: 8177: 8166: 8164: 8160: 8153:Wayback Machine 8142: 8138: 8125:The Modesto Bee 8116: 8112: 8104: 8100: 8090: 8088: 8069: 8065: 8057: 8053: 8045: 8041: 8033: 8029: 8021: 8017: 8007: 8005: 7990: 7989: 7985: 7977: 7968: 7961: 7945: 7941: 7934: 7922:. Chapel Hill: 7916: 7889: 7882: 7866: 7862: 7856:Wayback Machine 7842: 7835: 7828: 7810: 7806: 7799: 7781: 7774: 7766: 7762: 7754: 7750: 7738: 7734: 7724: 7722: 7709: 7708: 7704: 7694: 7692: 7671: 7670: 7666: 7658: 7654: 7644:Wayback Machine 7635:Barry Finger, " 7634: 7627: 7619: 7615: 7610: 7606: 7596: 7594: 7579: 7575: 7566: 7562: 7554: 7550: 7539: 7535: 7527: 7523: 7515: 7511: 7503: 7499: 7491: 7487: 7477: 7475: 7471: 7464: 7458:Bourne, Stephen 7455: 7451: 7441: 7439: 7426: 7425: 7421: 7414:Birmingham Mail 7411: 7410: 7406: 7399:Birmingham Mail 7396: 7395: 7391: 7385:Von Eschen 2014 7379: 7375: 7367: 7363: 7351: 7347: 7324: 7323: 7319: 7303: 7299: 7289: 7287: 7274: 7273: 7269: 7261: 7254: 7246: 7242: 7213: 7212: 7208: 7200: 7196: 7186: 7184: 7171: 7170: 7166: 7151: 7147: 7139: 7135: 7123:, p. 124, 7119:, p. 381, 7115:, p. 293, 7106: 7102: 7090: 7086: 7070: 7066: 7056:Wayback Machine 7046: 7042: 7027: 7025: 7010: 7009: 7005: 6992: 6988: 6975: 6971: 6961: 6959: 6958:on May 22, 2001 6950: 6949: 6945: 6932: 6928: 6915: 6911: 6903: 6899: 6891: 6887: 6872: 6868: 6861: 6845: 6841: 6828: 6824: 6816: 6812: 6800: 6796: 6786: 6765: 6761: 6749: 6745: 6737: 6733: 6725: 6721: 6709: 6705: 6685: 6681: 6673: 6669: 6661: 6654: 6644: 6640: 6630: 6628: 6615: 6614: 6610: 6591: 6587: 6579: 6575: 6567: 6563: 6544: 6542: 6527: 6526: 6522: 6510: 6506: 6498:, p. 207; 6490: 6483: 6475: 6471: 6463:, p. 167, 6455: 6451: 6435: 6431: 6415: 6411: 6398: 6394: 6378: 6374: 6366:, p. 161, 6351: 6349: 6332: 6328: 6318: 6316: 6303: 6302: 6298: 6278: 6274: 6262: 6258: 6242: 6238: 6222: 6218: 6208: 6206: 6197: 6196: 6192: 6180: 6176: 6160: 6156: 6144: 6140: 6124: 6120: 6112: 6108: 6082: 6078: 6070: 6066: 6058: 6054: 6034: 6030: 6022:, p. 155, 5999: 5998: 5994: 5986:, p. 196, 5982:, p. 115, 5963: 5962: 5958: 5950:, p. 114, 5927: 5926: 5922: 5914:, p. 114, 5891: 5887: 5879: 5872: 5842: 5838: 5837: 5833: 5823: 5821: 5813: 5812: 5808: 5800:, p. 112, 5792: 5788: 5780:, p. 147, 5772: 5768: 5760:, p. 106, 5752: 5748: 5736: 5732: 5716: 5712: 5692: 5688: 5670: 5665:, p. 149, 5657: 5653: 5631: 5615: 5599: 5598: 5594: 5586:, p. 140, 5574: 5570: 5562:, p. 139, 5554: 5550: 5532: 5515: 5511: 5493: 5492: 5488: 5480:, p. 160, 5468: 5464: 5452: 5448: 5440: 5436: 5418: 5413: 5409: 5393: 5389: 5380: 5376: 5333: 5329: 5310: 5308: 5269: 5265: 5257: 5253: 5233: 5229: 5191: 5189: 5174: 5173: 5169: 5153: 5149: 5124:Wayback Machine 5111: 5107: 5100: 5080: 5076: 5056: 5052: 5032: 5028: 5016: 5012: 4992: 4988: 4980: 4976: 4964: 4960: 4948:, p. 120, 4940: 4936: 4924:, p. 120, 4916: 4912: 4892: 4888: 4879:Wayback Machine 4856: 4854: 4837: 4833: 4825: 4821: 4807:Wayback Machine 4794: 4790: 4770: 4766: 4756: 4754: 4733: 4720: 4716: 4708: 4704: 4688: 4684: 4674:Weisenfeld 1997 4672: 4668: 4656: 4652: 4636: 4632: 4624: 4620: 4600: 4596: 4576: 4572: 4560: 4556: 4529: 4527: 4510: 4506: 4496: 4494: 4479: 4475: 4455: 4451: 4431: 4427: 4411: 4407: 4384: 4382: 4373: 4372: 4368: 4352: 4348: 4338: 4336: 4321: 4317: 4294: 4292: 4277: 4276: 4272: 4256: 4252: 4232: 4228: 4220: 4216: 4208: 4204: 4184: 4180: 4172: 4168: 4140: 4139: 4135: 4115: 4111: 4087: 4083: 4063: 4059: 4035: 4031: 4011: 4007: 3992:10.2307/2966562 3976: 3972: 3949: 3947: 3924: 3920: 3904: 3900: 3884: 3880: 3860: 3856: 3832: 3828: 3810: 3793: 3789: 3769: 3765: 3749: 3745: 3729: 3725: 3709: 3705: 3689: 3685: 3669: 3665: 3641: 3637: 3617: 3613: 3593: 3589: 3577: 3573: 3557: 3553: 3537: 3533: 3513: 3509: 3505:, pp. 9–10 3489: 3485: 3475: 3473: 3458:(May 1, 2014). 3453: 3449: 3442: 3438: 3422: 3418: 3398: 3394: 3388:Wayback Machine 3379: 3375: 3365: 3363: 3354: 3353: 3349: 3333: 3329: 3319: 3317: 3308: 3307: 3303: 3298:Wayback Machine 3277: 3276: 3272: 3267: 3247: 3185:Selected albums 3179: 3173: 3168: 3090:Song of Freedom 3036: 3030: 2990:Bistirno Parore 2982:Bhupen Hazarika 2809:wrote the poem 2795: 2783:heirloom tomato 2747:. In 2007, the 2702:Prenzlauer Berg 2656:Academy of Arts 2645:Head of a Negro 2633:Donaldson Award 2551: 2537:Martin Duberman 2522:Harry Belafonte 2517: 2497: 2462: 2438: 2422: 2402:Priory Hospital 2384: 2372:Martin Duberman 2359: 2347: 2301: 2251:Tony Richardson 2247: 2233: 2225: 2198:, compared the 2161:, backed with " 2135:Fifth Amendment 2131: 2125: 2057:J. Edgar Hoover 1996: 1988:Peekskill riots 1983:Jackie Robinson 1839: 1804:Chiang Kai-shek 1761:Keynote Records 1739:'s side in the 1715:Donaldson Award 1710:Shubert Theatre 1690:European powers 1588: 1580: 1553:Birmingham Mail 1493: 1489: 1477: 1461:Albert Einstein 1413:Song of Freedom 1377:Embassy Theatre 1298:African history 1266:' rejection of 1242: 1171:(MPs) from the 1139: 1009: 1004: 952:Simon of Cyrene 928:Alpha Phi Alpha 920: 889:varsity letters 820: 733: 728: 575:Rutgers College 556: 530: 526: 508: 367:Somerville (NJ) 313: 310: 288: 287: 270: 239: 231: 227: 224: 206: 200: 194: 181: 172:social activist 155: 141: 124: 95: 85: 80: 78: 70: 64: 58: 56: 55: 54: 44: 43:Robeson in 1942 32: 23: 17: 12: 11: 5: 17108: 17098: 17097: 17092: 17087: 17082: 17077: 17072: 17067: 17062: 17057: 17052: 17047: 17042: 17037: 17032: 17027: 17022: 17017: 17012: 17007: 17002: 16997: 16992: 16987: 16982: 16977: 16972: 16967: 16962: 16957: 16952: 16947: 16942: 16937: 16932: 16927: 16922: 16917: 16912: 16907: 16902: 16897: 16892: 16887: 16882: 16877: 16872: 16867: 16862: 16857: 16852: 16847: 16842: 16837: 16832: 16817: 16816: 16804: 16792: 16780: 16757: 16756: 16754: 16753: 16745: 16737: 16729: 16721: 16713: 16705: 16697: 16689: 16681: 16672: 16670: 16666: 16665: 16663: 16662: 16659:George McLaren 16654: 16646: 16638: 16629: 16627: 16623: 16622: 16614: 16613: 16606: 16599: 16591: 16582: 16581: 16579: 16578: 16570: 16562: 16554: 16546: 16538: 16530: 16522: 16514: 16505: 16503: 16499: 16498: 16496: 16495: 16487: 16484:Elmer Oliphant 16479: 16471: 16462: 16460: 16456: 16455: 16447: 16446: 16439: 16432: 16424: 16415: 16414: 16412: 16411: 16403: 16395: 16387: 16379: 16371: 16367:Ramon Flanigan 16363: 16359:O. J. Abanishe 16355: 16347: 16339: 16331: 16323: 16315: 16307: 16299: 16291: 16283: 16275: 16267: 16259: 16251: 16243: 16235: 16223: 16215: 16207: 16199: 16191: 16186: 16178: 16170: 16162: 16154: 16146: 16138: 16130: 16122: 16114: 16105: 16102: 16101: 16092: 16091: 16084: 16077: 16069: 16060: 16059: 16054: 16053: 16051: 16050: 16042: 16034: 16026: 16018: 16010: 16002: 15994: 15991:Sidney Poitier 15986: 15978: 15970: 15962: 15954: 15946: 15938: 15930: 15922: 15914: 15906: 15898: 15890: 15882: 15874: 15866: 15858: 15850: 15842: 15834: 15826: 15818: 15815:Dorothy Height 15810: 15807:Barbara Jordan 15802: 15794: 15791:Douglas Wilder 15786: 15778: 15770: 15762: 15759:Benjamin Hooks 15754: 15742: 15734: 15726: 15718: 15710: 15702: 15690: 15682: 15670: 15662: 15654: 15646: 15638: 15630: 15622: 15619:Jacob Lawrence 15614: 15606: 15598: 15590: 15582: 15579:Leontyne Price 15574: 15566: 15558: 15550: 15542: 15534: 15531:Duke Ellington 15526: 15514: 15506: 15498: 15495:Carl J. Murphy 15490: 15482: 15474: 15471:Harry T. Moore 15466: 15458: 15450: 15442: 15434: 15426: 15418: 15410: 15402: 15394: 15386: 15383:Richard Wright 15378: 15370: 15362: 15354: 15346: 15338: 15330: 15322: 15314: 15306: 15298: 15290: 15282: 15274: 15266: 15258: 15250: 15242: 15234: 15226: 15218: 15210: 15202: 15194: 15191:Harry Burleigh 15186: 15178: 15169: 15166: 15165: 15161:Spingarn Medal 15157: 15156: 15149: 15142: 15134: 15125: 15124: 15122: 15121: 15115: 15112:Clarence Avant 15109: 15103: 15097: 15094:Carlos Santana 15091: 15085: 15079: 15073: 15070:Little Richard 15067: 15064:Sidney Poitier 15061: 15055: 15045: 15042:George Clinton 15035: 15029: 15023: 15013: 14995: 14989: 14971: 14965: 14955: 14948:Alberta Hunter 14933: 14922: 14919: 14918: 14911: 14910: 14903: 14896: 14888: 14882: 14879: 14878: 14866: 14865: 14853: 14850: 14849: 14847: 14846: 14845: 14844: 14838: 14829: 14824: 14819: 14814: 14809: 14804: 14799: 14794: 14789: 14783: 14781: 14777: 14776: 14774: 14773: 14771:Fania Marinoff 14768: 14763: 14761:Peggy Ashcroft 14758: 14753: 14748: 14743: 14738: 14733: 14728: 14723: 14718: 14713: 14708: 14703: 14698: 14693: 14688: 14683: 14678: 14673: 14668: 14663: 14658: 14653: 14651:Eugene O'Neill 14648: 14642: 14640: 14636: 14635: 14633: 14632: 14627: 14622: 14617: 14615:Clara Rockmore 14612: 14607: 14602: 14597: 14595:Lloyd L. Brown 14592: 14587: 14582: 14576: 14570: 14563: 14561: 14555: 14554: 14552: 14551: 14546: 14539: 14534: 14529: 14524: 14519: 14514: 14509: 14504: 14499: 14494: 14489: 14480: 14478: 14472: 14471: 14469: 14468: 14463: 14456: 14451: 14446: 14441: 14436: 14431: 14426: 14422: 14420: 14414: 14413: 14411: 14410: 14403: 14396: 14389: 14382: 14375: 14368: 14361: 14354: 14347: 14340: 14333: 14326: 14318: 14316: 14312: 14311: 14309: 14308: 14296: 14289: 14282: 14275: 14268: 14261: 14253: 14251: 14247: 14246: 14244: 14243: 14238: 14231: 14226: 14221: 14220: 14219: 14216: 14215:1943, Broadway 14213: 14203: 14196: 14189: 14182: 14175: 14167: 14165: 14161: 14160: 14158: 14157: 14151: 14143: 14135: 14127: 14119: 14111: 14103: 14095: 14087: 14079: 14071: 14063: 14055: 14047: 14039: 14031: 14023: 14015: 14007: 13998: 13996: 13992: 13991: 13989: 13988: 13983: 13977: 13974: 13973: 13966: 13965: 13958: 13951: 13943: 13937: 13936: 13930: 13925: 13920: 13913: 13910: 13909: 13908: 13903: 13898: 13891: 13888: 13887: 13886: 13880: 13875: 13866: 13857: 13847: 13836: 13835:External links 13833: 13832: 13831: 13811: 13805: 13790: 13760: 13757: 13756: 13755: 13741: 13728:, directed by 13712: 13682: 13674: 13648: 13631: 13614: 13604: 13601: 13600: 13599: 13594:978-0671253301 13593: 13578: 13573:978-0913642061 13572: 13557: 13552:978-1402204364 13551: 13536: 13531:978-0674007789 13530: 13515: 13504: 13499:978-1570036286 13498: 13483: 13478:978-0801471704 13477: 13459: 13454:978-0195086041 13453: 13437: 13436: 13435: 13434: 13425: 13413: 13412: 13407:978-0813525105 13406: 13391: 13386:978-0465032976 13385: 13370: 13365:978-0810840874 13364: 13349: 13344:978-0929087771 13343: 13328: 13323:978-0062287298 13322: 13307: 13302:978-0396075455 13301: 13288: 13283:978-0806507545 13282: 13267: 13262:978-0396075455 13261: 13248: 13243:978-0786422746 13242: 13227: 13222:978-1860646287 13221: 13206: 13201:978-1934121191 13200: 13184: 13179:978-0813507477 13178: 13163: 13158:978-0313295379 13157: 13142: 13137:978-0813542836 13136: 13121: 13116:978-0786457472 13115: 13100: 13071: 13042: 13037:978-1594510199 13036: 13021: 13016:978-1929631100 13015: 13000: 12995:978-0047910425 12994: 12979: 12974:978-0805025347 12973: 12958: 12952: 12938: 12937: 12936: 12935: 12923: 12922: 12916: 12903: 12892: 12887:978-0822353140 12886: 12871: 12866:978-0804731270 12865: 12850: 12845:978-0700616046 12844: 12829: 12823: 12808: 12799: 12774:978-1402204364 12773: 12758: 12753:978-0875651880 12752: 12737: 12732:978-0271029108 12731: 12715: 12714: 12713: 12712: 12679: 12665: 12664: 12659:978-0786421633 12658: 12643: 12629:978-1921666650 12628: 12606: 12601:978-0252067990 12600: 12585: 12560: 12555:978-0826429537 12554: 12539: 12534:978-0805930269 12533: 12518: 12513:978-0143037651 12512: 12498:Beevor, Antony 12494: 12488: 12471: 12468: 12467: 12466: 12452:978-1442207943 12451: 12434: 12408:978-1604738254 12407: 12392: 12387:978-0396075455 12386: 12371: 12360: 12355:978-0470569689 12354: 12339: 12334:978-0471151050 12333: 12318: 12313:978-1447494010 12312: 12297: 12286: 12275: 12274:. Verso Books. 12268: 12257: 12252:978-0870675522 12251: 12236: 12231:978-0370305752 12230: 12212: 12206: 12191: 12186:978-1558495050 12185: 12168: 12165: 12164: 12163: 12158:978-0375755392 12157: 12142: 12128:978-0807064450 12127: 12110: 12094: 12089:978-0806508153 12088: 12073: 12051: 12048: 12045: 12044: 12023:"Paul Robeson" 12014: 12012:, p. 231. 12002: 11976: 11965:. June 4, 2024 11950: 11912: 11879: 11846: 11810: 11780: 11750: 11719: 11696:Frank, David. 11688: 11655: 11633: 11603: 11573: 11543: 11512: 11479: 11453: 11418: 11387: 11357: 11331: 11304: 11274: 11244: 11218: 11192: 11162: 11136: 11110: 11077: 11051: 11020: 10990: 10973:"Stamp Series" 10964: 10933: 10903: 10862: 10842: 10806: 10798: 10773: 10737: 10714:Finch, Ginny. 10706: 10676: 10645: 10617: 10615:, p. 557. 10605: 10579: 10553: 10541: 10517: 10487: 10457: 10422: 10392: 10362: 10347:. p. C6. 10325: 10299: 10272: 10202: 10170: 10140: 10138:, p. 185. 10128: 10116: 10098:978-1578068975 10097: 10075: 10067:Finkelman 2007 10059: 10047: 10045:, p. 187. 10032: 10013: 10011:, p. 549. 9998: 9986: 9949: 9947:, p. 186. 9937: 9935:, p. 516. 9925: 9913: 9901: 9889: 9877: 9875:, p. 346. 9865: 9863:, p. 537. 9850: 9835:. p. 10. 9820: 9808: 9786: 9784:, p. 182. 9774: 9772:, p. 509. 9762: 9704: 9692: 9680: 9665: 9653: 9641: 9574: 9572:, p. 180. 9562: 9545: 9543:, p. 309. 9533: 9517: 9506: 9491: 9475: 9463: 9447: 9445:, p. 489. 9435: 9408: 9406:, p. 171. 9396: 9384: 9378:978-1783162147 9377: 9357: 9355:, p. 218. 9345: 9343:, p. 471. 9333: 9321: 9319:, p. 469. 9309: 9279: 9261: 9259:, p. 458. 9249: 9218: 9216:, p. 437. 9206: 9173: 9142: 9117:Aleks Krotoski 9107: 9078:Aleks Krotoski 9068: 9051:Science Museum 9038: 9023: 9011: 8980: 8954: 8928: 8902: 8900:, p. 411. 8890: 8888:, p. 400. 8878: 8866: 8864:, p. 354. 8854: 8842: 8810: 8790: 8763: 8746:John Docker, " 8739: 8724:. p. 19. 8708: 8696: 8680: 8678:, p. 127. 8668: 8656: 8654:, p. 396. 8644: 8631: 8606: 8594: 8582: 8570: 8540: 8508: 8506:, p. 689. 8496: 8484: 8453: 8437: 8421: 8402: 8383: 8371: 8359: 8344: 8342:, p. 348. 8340:McConnell 2010 8332: 8320: 8308: 8278: 8269: 8239: 8223: 8211: 8209:, p. 137. 8199: 8187: 8185:, p. 324. 8175: 8158: 8136: 8132:Goldstein 2008 8110: 8108:, p. 296. 8098: 8063: 8061:, p. 241. 8051: 8039: 8037:, p. 522. 8027: 8015: 7983: 7981:, p. 307. 7966: 7960:978-0470569689 7959: 7939: 7932: 7887: 7881:978-0807869932 7880: 7860: 7833: 7827:978-0804758536 7826: 7804: 7798:978-0520243095 7797: 7772: 7760: 7758:, p. 295. 7748: 7732: 7702: 7664: 7652: 7625: 7613: 7604: 7573: 7560: 7558:, pp. 8–9 7548: 7533: 7521: 7509: 7497: 7485: 7449: 7419: 7404: 7389: 7373: 7361: 7355:, p. 223 7345: 7317: 7297: 7276:"Paul Robeson" 7267: 7252: 7250:, p. 356. 7240: 7234:, p. 77, 7206: 7204:, p. 396. 7194: 7173:"Paul Robeson" 7164: 7145: 7143:, p. 222. 7133: 7131:, p. 313. 7127:, p. 37, 7100: 7084: 7078:, p. 38, 7064: 7040: 7003: 6986: 6969: 6952:"Africa Sings" 6943: 6926: 6909: 6897: 6885: 6866: 6860:978-0415278928 6859: 6839: 6833:, p. 53; 6822: 6810: 6794: 6759: 6743: 6731: 6719: 6703: 6679: 6667: 6652: 6638: 6608: 6601:) – via 6585: 6573: 6561: 6520: 6504: 6481: 6469: 6467:, p. 204. 6449: 6429: 6409: 6392: 6372: 6326: 6296: 6272: 6256: 6250:, p. 60, 6236: 6230:, p. 23, 6216: 6190: 6174: 6154: 6138: 6118: 6106: 6096:, p. 57, 6076: 6064: 6052: 6050:, p. 118. 6046:, p. 52, 6028: 5992: 5990:, p. 153. 5956: 5920: 5897:. p. 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X1. 5327: 5263: 5261:, p. 123. 5251: 5227: 5206:, artist, and 5167: 5147: 5105: 5098: 5074: 5050: 5044:, p. 71, 5026: 5010: 4986: 4984:, p. 139. 4974: 4958: 4934: 4910: 4886: 4849:. p. 24. 4831: 4819: 4788: 4764: 4714: 4702: 4682: 4666: 4650: 4644:, p. 82, 4630: 4618: 4612:, p. 53, 4608:, p. 25, 4594: 4588:, p. 44, 4584:, p. 82, 4570: 4554: 4548:, p. 95, 4540:, p. 76, 4504: 4473: 4467:, p. 94, 4463:, p. 75, 4449: 4439:, p. 30, 4425: 4419:, p. 26, 4405: 4399:, p. 74, 4395:, p. 94, 4366: 4346: 4331:. p. 24. 4315: 4309:, p. 73, 4305:, p. 22, 4284:Record-Journal 4270: 4250: 4226: 4214: 4202: 4192:, p. 25, 4178: 4166: 4133: 4109: 4103:, p. 27, 4081: 4075:, p. 70, 4071:, p. 54, 4057: 4051:, p. 71, 4043:, p. 24, 4029: 4023:, p. 71, 4019:, p. 54, 4005: 3986:(4): 489–503. 3970: 3918: 3898: 3878: 3854: 3826: 3805:, p. 17, 3787: 3777:, p. 16, 3763: 3743: 3737:, p. 12, 3723: 3717:, p. 30, 3703: 3697:, p. 39, 3683: 3663: 3635: 3625:, p. 21, 3611: 3587: 3571: 3551: 3545:, p. 18, 3531: 3507: 3483: 3456:Francis, Hywel 3447: 3436: 3416: 3414:, pp. 4–5 3410:, p. 18, 3392: 3373: 3347: 3327: 3301: 3269: 3268: 3266: 3263: 3262: 3261: 3256: 3246: 3243: 3242: 3241: 3228: 3220: 3212: 3204: 3196: 3175:Main article: 3172: 3169: 3167: 3166: 3158: 3150: 3142: 3134: 3126: 3118: 3110: 3102: 3094: 3086: 3078: 3070: 3062: 3054: 3046: 3037: 3032:Main article: 3029: 3026: 3010:Hemanga Biswas 2938:'s video work 2934:Film director 2879:Lloyd Richards 2847:in June 1956. 2835:'s 1989 album 2794: 2791: 2668:Welsh Assembly 2593:Songs of Peace 2582:Spingarn medal 2550: 2547: 2516: 2513: 2496: 2493: 2481:anti-Communist 2461: 2458: 2437: 2434: 2421: 2418: 2398:Soviet Embassy 2383: 2380: 2358: 2355: 2346: 2343: 2300: 2297: 2246: 2243: 2232: 2229: 2224: 2221: 2208:Kent v. Dulles 2196:W.E.B. Du Bois 2153:", written by 2127:Main article: 2124: 2121: 2052:Amsterdam News 1995: 1992: 1964:Franco's Spain 1874:trade unionism 1838: 1835: 1812:anti-communist 1779:'s booking of 1618:production of 1587: 1581: 1579: 1572: 1558:Lawrence Brown 1476: 1473: 1404:C. L. R. James 1400:eponymous play 1317:, London, 1934 1311:on the set of 1241: 1238: 1214:Peggy Ashcroft 1204:, in London's 1157:racial epithet 1138: 1127: 1111:Gertrude Stein 1100:Victor Records 1072:Oscar Micheaux 1029:Eugene O'Neill 1008: 1005: 1003: 1000: 976:production of 919: 916: 901:Phi Beta Kappa 883:honor society. 844:Foster Sanford 819: 816: 766:, a prominent 732: 729: 727: 724: 720:Were You There 704:Kent v. Dulles 599:Eugene O'Neill 518: 517: 514: 513: 510: 509: 502: 499: 498: 489: 488: 485: 484: 481: 480: 477: 470: 469: 466: 465:Games started: 462: 461: 458: 450: 449: 445: 444: 441: 440: 439: 438: 420: 419: 415: 414: 411: 410: 409: 408: 398: 385: 384: 380: 379: 374: 370: 369: 364: 360: 359: 355: 354: 351: 347: 346: 343: 339: 338: 334: 333: 324: 320: 319: 315: 314: 301: 293: 292: 285: 282: 281: 279:Bustill family 276: 272: 271: 269: 268: 263: 257: 255: 251: 250: 245: 241: 240: 229: 225: 220: 219: 217: 213: 212: 187: 186:Known for 183: 182: 180: 179: 176: 173: 170: 167: 163: 161: 157: 156: 154: 153: 148: 136: 131: 118: 116: 112: 111: 101: 97: 96: 86: 83:(aged 77) 76: 72: 71: 65: 52: 50: 46: 45: 42: 34: 33: 30: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 17107: 17096: 17093: 17091: 17088: 17086: 17083: 17081: 17078: 17076: 17073: 17071: 17068: 17066: 17063: 17061: 17058: 17056: 17053: 17051: 17048: 17046: 17043: 17041: 17038: 17036: 17033: 17031: 17028: 17026: 17023: 17021: 17018: 17016: 17013: 17011: 17008: 17006: 17003: 17001: 16998: 16996: 16993: 16991: 16988: 16986: 16983: 16981: 16978: 16976: 16973: 16971: 16968: 16966: 16963: 16961: 16958: 16956: 16953: 16951: 16948: 16946: 16943: 16941: 16938: 16936: 16933: 16931: 16928: 16926: 16923: 16921: 16918: 16916: 16913: 16911: 16908: 16906: 16903: 16901: 16898: 16896: 16893: 16891: 16888: 16886: 16883: 16881: 16878: 16876: 16873: 16871: 16868: 16866: 16863: 16861: 16858: 16856: 16853: 16851: 16848: 16846: 16843: 16841: 16838: 16836: 16833: 16831: 16828: 16827: 16825: 16815: 16805: 16803: 16793: 16791: 16786: 16781: 16779: 16778:United States 16769: 16768: 16765: 16751: 16746: 16743: 16738: 16735: 16730: 16727: 16726:Doc Alexander 16722: 16719: 16714: 16711: 16710:Leonard Hilty 16706: 16703: 16698: 16695: 16690: 16687: 16682: 16679: 16674: 16673: 16671: 16667: 16660: 16655: 16652: 16647: 16644: 16639: 16636: 16631: 16630: 16628: 16624: 16619: 16612: 16607: 16605: 16600: 16598: 16593: 16592: 16589: 16576: 16571: 16568: 16563: 16560: 16555: 16552: 16547: 16544: 16543:George Hauser 16539: 16536: 16531: 16528: 16523: 16520: 16515: 16512: 16511:Charles Bolen 16507: 16506: 16504: 16500: 16493: 16488: 16485: 16480: 16477: 16472: 16469: 16468:Benny Boynton 16464: 16463: 16461: 16457: 16452: 16445: 16440: 16438: 16433: 16431: 16426: 16425: 16422: 16408: 16404: 16400: 16396: 16392: 16388: 16384: 16380: 16376: 16372: 16368: 16364: 16360: 16356: 16352: 16348: 16344: 16340: 16336: 16335:Manuel Rivero 16332: 16328: 16324: 16320: 16316: 16312: 16311:Manuel Rivero 16308: 16304: 16300: 16296: 16295:Manuel Rivero 16292: 16288: 16284: 16280: 16276: 16272: 16268: 16264: 16260: 16256: 16252: 16248: 16244: 16240: 16236: 16232: 16228: 16227:Fritz Pollard 16224: 16220: 16219:Fritz Pollard 16216: 16212: 16208: 16204: 16203:W. 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Bullock 16200: 16196: 16192: 16187: 16183: 16179: 16175: 16171: 16167: 16163: 16159: 16155: 16151: 16147: 16143: 16139: 16135: 16131: 16127: 16123: 16119: 16115: 16111: 16107: 16106: 16103: 16099: 16090: 16085: 16083: 16078: 16076: 16071: 16070: 16067: 16048: 16043: 16040: 16035: 16032: 16027: 16024: 16019: 16016: 16011: 16008: 16003: 16000: 15995: 15992: 15987: 15984: 15979: 15976: 15975:Jessye Norman 15971: 15968: 15963: 15960: 15955: 15952: 15947: 15944: 15939: 15936: 15931: 15928: 15923: 15920: 15915: 15912: 15907: 15904: 15899: 15896: 15891: 15888: 15883: 15880: 15879:Vernon Jordan 15875: 15872: 15871:Oprah Winfrey 15867: 15864: 15859: 15856: 15851: 15848: 15843: 15840: 15835: 15832: 15827: 15824: 15819: 15816: 15811: 15808: 15803: 15800: 15795: 15792: 15787: 15784: 15783:Jesse Jackson 15779: 15776: 15771: 15768: 15763: 15760: 15755: 15752: 15748: 15743: 15740: 15735: 15732: 15727: 15724: 15719: 15716: 15715:Coleman Young 15711: 15708: 15707:Rayford Logan 15703: 15700: 15696: 15691: 15688: 15683: 15680: 15676: 15671: 15668: 15663: 15660: 15655: 15652: 15647: 15644: 15639: 15636: 15631: 15628: 15627:Leon Sullivan 15623: 15620: 15615: 15612: 15607: 15604: 15599: 15596: 15595:Edward Brooke 15591: 15588: 15583: 15580: 15575: 15572: 15567: 15564: 15559: 15556: 15551: 15548: 15543: 15540: 15535: 15532: 15527: 15524: 15520: 15515: 15512: 15507: 15504: 15499: 15496: 15491: 15488: 15483: 15480: 15475: 15472: 15467: 15464: 15459: 15456: 15451: 15448: 15443: 15440: 15435: 15432: 15427: 15424: 15419: 15416: 15411: 15408: 15403: 15400: 15395: 15392: 15387: 15384: 15379: 15376: 15371: 15368: 15363: 15360: 15355: 15352: 15347: 15344: 15339: 15336: 15331: 15328: 15323: 15320: 15315: 15312: 15307: 15304: 15299: 15296: 15295:Henry A. 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14152: 14149: 14148: 14144: 14141: 14140: 14136: 14133: 14132: 14128: 14125: 14124: 14120: 14117: 14116: 14112: 14109: 14108: 14104: 14101: 14100: 14096: 14093: 14092: 14088: 14085: 14084: 14080: 14077: 14076: 14072: 14069: 14068: 14064: 14061: 14060: 14056: 14053: 14052: 14048: 14045: 14044: 14040: 14037: 14036: 14032: 14029: 14028: 14024: 14021: 14020: 14016: 14013: 14012: 14008: 14005: 14004: 14003:Body and Soul 14000: 13999: 13997: 13993: 13987: 13984: 13982: 13979: 13978: 13975: 13971: 13964: 13959: 13957: 13952: 13950: 13945: 13944: 13941: 13934: 13931: 13929: 13926: 13924: 13921: 13919: 13916: 13915: 13907: 13904: 13902: 13899: 13897: 13894: 13893: 13884: 13881: 13879: 13876: 13874: 13870: 13867: 13865: 13861: 13858: 13855: 13851: 13848: 13846: 13842: 13839: 13838: 13821: 13817: 13812: 13808: 13802: 13798: 13797: 13791: 13788: 13787: 13782: 13778: 13774: 13770: 13766: 13765:Callow, Simon 13763: 13762: 13753: 13749: 13745: 13742: 13740: 13736: 13735: 13731: 13727: 13726: 13722: 13718: 13717: 13713: 13710: 13706: 13702: 13698: 13694: 13693: 13688: 13687: 13683: 13680: 13679: 13675: 13663: 13659: 13654: 13653: 13649: 13647: 13643: 13642: 13637: 13636: 13632: 13630: 13626: 13625: 13620: 13619: 13615: 13612: 13611: 13607: 13606: 13596: 13590: 13586: 13585: 13579: 13575: 13569: 13565: 13564: 13558: 13554: 13548: 13544: 13543: 13537: 13533: 13527: 13523: 13522: 13516: 13512: 13511: 13505: 13501: 13495: 13491: 13490: 13484: 13480: 13474: 13470: 13469: 13464: 13460: 13456: 13450: 13446: 13445: 13439: 13438: 13431: 13426: 13422: 13417: 13416: 13415: 13414: 13409: 13403: 13399: 13398: 13392: 13388: 13382: 13378: 13377: 13371: 13367: 13361: 13357: 13356: 13350: 13346: 13340: 13336: 13335: 13329: 13325: 13319: 13315: 13314: 13308: 13304: 13298: 13294: 13289: 13285: 13279: 13275: 13274: 13268: 13264: 13258: 13254: 13249: 13245: 13239: 13235: 13234: 13228: 13224: 13218: 13214: 13213: 13207: 13203: 13197: 13193: 13189: 13185: 13181: 13175: 13171: 13170: 13164: 13160: 13154: 13150: 13149: 13143: 13139: 13133: 13129: 13128: 13122: 13118: 13112: 13109:. McFarland. 13108: 13107: 13101: 13097: 13093: 13089: 13085: 13082:(2): 114–40. 13081: 13077: 13072: 13068: 13064: 13060: 13056: 13053:(1): 138–53. 13052: 13048: 13043: 13039: 13033: 13029: 13028: 13022: 13018: 13012: 13008: 13007: 13001: 12997: 12991: 12987: 12986: 12980: 12976: 12970: 12966: 12965: 12959: 12955: 12953:0-7864-1597-5 12949: 12945: 12940: 12939: 12932: 12927: 12926: 12925: 12924: 12919: 12913: 12909: 12904: 12900: 12899: 12893: 12889: 12883: 12879: 12878: 12872: 12868: 12862: 12858: 12857: 12851: 12847: 12841: 12837: 12836: 12830: 12826: 12820: 12816: 12815: 12809: 12805: 12800: 12796: 12784: 12776: 12770: 12766: 12765: 12759: 12755: 12749: 12746:. TCU Press. 12745: 12744: 12738: 12734: 12728: 12724: 12723: 12717: 12716: 12709: 12705: 12701: 12697: 12693: 12689: 12685: 12680: 12676: 12675: 12669: 12668: 12667: 12666: 12661: 12655: 12652:. McFarland. 12651: 12650: 12644: 12642: 12639:, p. 163, at 12638: 12637: 12631: 12625: 12621: 12620: 12612: 12607: 12603: 12597: 12593: 12592: 12586: 12582: 12578: 12575:(4): 282–93. 12574: 12570: 12561: 12557: 12551: 12547: 12546: 12540: 12536: 12530: 12526: 12525: 12519: 12515: 12509: 12505: 12504: 12499: 12495: 12491: 12485: 12481: 12480: 12474: 12473: 12465: 12461: 12460: 12454: 12448: 12443: 12442: 12435: 12433: 12429: 12428: 12419:September 26, 12414: 12410: 12404: 12400: 12399: 12393: 12389: 12383: 12379: 12378: 12372: 12368: 12367: 12361: 12357: 12351: 12347: 12346: 12340: 12336: 12330: 12326: 12325: 12319: 12315: 12309: 12305: 12304: 12298: 12295:. Peter Owen. 12294: 12293: 12287: 12283: 12282: 12276: 12273: 12269: 12265: 12264: 12258: 12254: 12248: 12244: 12243: 12237: 12233: 12227: 12223: 12222: 12217: 12213: 12209: 12203: 12199: 12198: 12192: 12188: 12182: 12178: 12177: 12171: 12170: 12160: 12154: 12150: 12149: 12143: 12141: 12137: 12136: 12130: 12124: 12120: 12119: 12116: 12111: 12108: 12107:50, 1918–1919 12105: 12104: 12099: 12095: 12091: 12085: 12081: 12080: 12074: 12069: 12065: 12061: 12060: 12054: 12053: 12032: 12028: 12024: 12018: 12011: 12010:Richards 2005 12006: 11991: 11987: 11980: 11964: 11960: 11954: 11938: 11934: 11933: 11928: 11921: 11919: 11917: 11900: 11896: 11895: 11890: 11883: 11867: 11863: 11862: 11857: 11850: 11834: 11830: 11829: 11824: 11817: 11815: 11798: 11794: 11790: 11784: 11768: 11764: 11760: 11754: 11738: 11734: 11730: 11723: 11707: 11703: 11699: 11692: 11676: 11672: 11671: 11666: 11659: 11645: 11644: 11637: 11621: 11617: 11616:Theraider.net 11613: 11607: 11591: 11587: 11583: 11577: 11561: 11557: 11553: 11547: 11531: 11527: 11523: 11516: 11500: 11496: 11495: 11490: 11483: 11467: 11463: 11457: 11449: 11445: 11441: 11437: 11434:(5): 556–73. 11433: 11429: 11422: 11406: 11402: 11398: 11391: 11375: 11371: 11370:Rareseeds.com 11367: 11361: 11345: 11341: 11335: 11319: 11315: 11308: 11292: 11288: 11284: 11278: 11262: 11258: 11254: 11248: 11232: 11228: 11222: 11206: 11202: 11196: 11180: 11176: 11172: 11166: 11150: 11146: 11140: 11124: 11120: 11114: 11098: 11094: 11093: 11088: 11081: 11065: 11061: 11055: 11039: 11035: 11031: 11024: 11008: 11004: 11000: 10994: 10978: 10974: 10968: 10952: 10948: 10944: 10937: 10921: 10917: 10913: 10907: 10899: 10893: 10877: 10873: 10869: 10865: 10859: 10855: 10854: 10846: 10830: 10826: 10822: 10821: 10816: 10810: 10801: 10795: 10791: 10787: 10783: 10777: 10758: 10754: 10747: 10741: 10725: 10721: 10717: 10710: 10694: 10687: 10680: 10664: 10660: 10656: 10649: 10633: 10629: 10628: 10621: 10614: 10613:Duberman 1989 10609: 10593: 10589: 10583: 10567: 10563: 10557: 10550: 10549:Morrison 2011 10545: 10537: 10533: 10532: 10527: 10521: 10505: 10501: 10497: 10491: 10475: 10471: 10467: 10461: 10455:, p. 108 10454: 10440: 10436: 10432: 10426: 10410: 10406: 10402: 10396: 10380: 10376: 10372: 10366: 10350: 10346: 10342: 10341: 10336: 10329: 10313: 10309: 10303: 10287: 10283: 10276: 10270: 10266: 10262: 10259: 10246: 10242: 10237: 10233: 10230: 10216: 10212: 10206: 10187: 10180: 10174: 10163:September 17, 10158: 10154: 10150: 10144: 10137: 10132: 10126:, p. 81. 10125: 10124:Duberman 1989 10120: 10104: 10100: 10094: 10090: 10086: 10079: 10072: 10071:Dorinson 2002 10068: 10063: 10056: 10051: 10044: 10039: 10037: 10028: 10024: 10017: 10010: 10009:Duberman 1989 10005: 10003: 9995: 9990: 9984:, p. 548 9983: 9982:Duberman 1989 9969: 9965: 9964: 9959: 9953: 9946: 9941: 9934: 9933:Duberman 1989 9929: 9922: 9917: 9910: 9905: 9898: 9897:Duberman 1989 9893: 9886: 9881: 9874: 9869: 9862: 9861:Duberman 1989 9857: 9855: 9843:September 14, 9838: 9834: 9831: 9824: 9817: 9816:Duberman 1989 9812: 9804: 9797: 9795: 9793: 9791: 9783: 9778: 9771: 9770:Duberman 1989 9766: 9750: 9746: 9745: 9740: 9725: 9721: 9720: 9715: 9708: 9701: 9696: 9689: 9688:Duberman 1989 9684: 9676: 9669: 9662: 9661:Duberman 1989 9657: 9650: 9649:Duberman 1989 9645: 9629: 9625: 9624: 9623:Democracy Now 9619: 9618: 9602: 9598: 9597: 9596:Democracy Now 9592: 9591: 9583: 9581: 9579: 9571: 9566: 9559: 9558:Duberman 1989 9554: 9552: 9550: 9542: 9537: 9531:, p. 491 9530: 9529:Duberman 1989 9526: 9525:Curthoys 2010 9521: 9515: 9514:Duberman 1989 9510: 9504: 9503:Duberman 1989 9500: 9499:Curthoys 2010 9495: 9489:, p. 490 9488: 9487:Duberman 1989 9484: 9483:Curthoys 2010 9479: 9472: 9471:Robeson 1978a 9467: 9461:, p. 489 9460: 9459:Duberman 1989 9456: 9455:Curthoys 2010 9451: 9444: 9443:Duberman 1989 9439: 9423: 9419: 9412: 9405: 9404:Curthoys 2010 9400: 9393: 9392:Duberman 1989 9388: 9380: 9374: 9370: 9369: 9361: 9354: 9349: 9342: 9341:Duberman 1989 9337: 9330: 9329:Duberman 1989 9325: 9318: 9317:Duberman 1989 9313: 9302:September 12, 9297: 9293: 9289: 9283: 9275: 9271: 9265: 9258: 9257:Duberman 1989 9253: 9237: 9233: 9229: 9222: 9215: 9214:Duberman 1989 9210: 9194: 9190: 9189: 9184: 9177: 9161: 9157: 9153: 9146: 9130: 9126: 9122: 9118: 9111: 9095: 9091: 9087: 9083: 9079: 9072: 9056: 9052: 9048: 9042: 9034: 9027: 9020: 9019:Robeson 1978b 9015: 8999: 8995: 8991: 8984: 8968: 8964: 8958: 8942: 8938: 8932: 8916: 8912: 8906: 8899: 8898:Duberman 1989 8894: 8887: 8886:Duberman 1989 8882: 8875: 8874:Robeson 1978a 8870: 8863: 8862:Duberman 1989 8858: 8851: 8850:Robeson 1978a 8846: 8830: 8826: 8825: 8820: 8814: 8806: 8805: 8800: 8794: 8786: 8782: 8779:(2): 49–111. 8778: 8774: 8767: 8760: 8756: 8752: 8749: 8743: 8727: 8723: 8719: 8712: 8705: 8704:Duberman 1989 8700: 8693: 8689: 8688:Duberman 1989 8684: 8677: 8672: 8665: 8660: 8653: 8652:Duberman 1989 8648: 8641: 8635: 8626: 8621: 8617: 8610: 8603: 8602:Duberman 1989 8598: 8591: 8586: 8580:, p. 97. 8579: 8574: 8558: 8554: 8550: 8544: 8538:, p. 684 8537: 8533: 8529: 8525: 8521: 8520:Robeson 1978b 8517: 8512: 8505: 8500: 8493: 8488: 8472: 8468: 8464: 8457: 8451:, p. 181 8450: 8446: 8445:Duberman 1989 8441: 8435:, p. 181 8434: 8430: 8429:Duberman 1989 8425: 8418: 8417:Robinson 1978 8414: 8413:Duberman 1989 8409: 8407: 8399: 8398:Robinson 1978 8395: 8394:Duberman 1989 8390: 8388: 8380: 8375: 8368: 8367:Duberman 1989 8363: 8356: 8351: 8349: 8341: 8336: 8329: 8328:Lustiger 2003 8324: 8317: 8316:Duberman 1989 8312: 8296: 8292: 8288: 8282: 8273: 8267: 8263: 8260: 8256: 8252: 8251:Robeson 1978a 8248: 8243: 8236: 8235:Duberman 1989 8232: 8227: 8220: 8219:Robeson 1978a 8215: 8208: 8203: 8196: 8195:Duberman 1989 8191: 8184: 8183:Duberman 1989 8179: 8173: 8169: 8162: 8155: 8154: 8150: 8147: 8140: 8133: 8127: 8126: 8121: 8114: 8107: 8106:Duberman 1989 8102: 8091:September 21, 8086: 8082: 8078: 8074: 8067: 8060: 8059:Duberman 1989 8055: 8048: 8047:Duberman 1989 8043: 8036: 8031: 8024: 8019: 8003: 7999: 7998: 7993: 7987: 7980: 7979:Duberman 1989 7975: 7973: 7971: 7962: 7956: 7952: 7951: 7943: 7935: 7933:9781469664606 7929: 7925: 7921: 7914: 7912: 7910: 7908: 7906: 7904: 7902: 7900: 7898: 7896: 7894: 7892: 7883: 7877: 7873: 7872: 7864: 7857: 7853: 7850: 7849:, No. 16 7848: 7840: 7838: 7829: 7823: 7819: 7815: 7808: 7800: 7794: 7790: 7786: 7779: 7777: 7769: 7768:Duberman 1989 7764: 7757: 7756:Duberman 1989 7752: 7745: 7741: 7736: 7720: 7716: 7712: 7706: 7690: 7686: 7682: 7678: 7676: 7668: 7661: 7660:Lustiger 2003 7656: 7649: 7645: 7641: 7638: 7632: 7630: 7622: 7621:Duberman 1989 7617: 7608: 7592: 7588: 7584: 7577: 7570: 7564: 7557: 7552: 7545: 7544: 7537: 7530: 7529:Swindall 2015 7525: 7518: 7517:Duberman 1989 7513: 7506: 7505:Swindall 2015 7501: 7494: 7493:Swindall 2015 7489: 7470: 7463: 7459: 7453: 7437: 7433: 7429: 7423: 7415: 7408: 7400: 7393: 7386: 7382: 7377: 7371:, p. 122 7370: 7365: 7359:, p. 122 7358: 7354: 7353:Duberman 1989 7349: 7343:, p. 225 7342: 7341:Duberman 1989 7336: 7332: 7328: 7321: 7314: 7310: 7306: 7301: 7285: 7281: 7277: 7271: 7264: 7259: 7257: 7249: 7244: 7238:, p. 372 7237: 7233: 7227: 7223: 7219: 7218: 7210: 7203: 7198: 7182: 7178: 7174: 7168: 7161: 7160:Duberman 1989 7157: 7156: 7155:Daily Express 7149: 7142: 7141:Duberman 1989 7137: 7130: 7126: 7122: 7118: 7114: 7110: 7104: 7097: 7093: 7088: 7082:, p. 220 7081: 7080:Duberman 1989 7077: 7073: 7068: 7061: 7057: 7053: 7050: 7044: 7038:, p. 18. 7037: 7036:Richards 2001 7023: 7019: 7018: 7013: 7007: 7001: 6997: 6996: 6990: 6984: 6980: 6979: 6973: 6957: 6953: 6947: 6941: 6937: 6936: 6930: 6924: 6920: 6919: 6913: 6906: 6901: 6894: 6889: 6881: 6877: 6870: 6862: 6856: 6852: 6851: 6843: 6837:, p. 182 6836: 6835:Duberman 1989 6832: 6826: 6819: 6814: 6807: 6806:Duberman 1989 6803: 6798: 6790: 6784: 6783:Duberman 1989 6779: 6775:(3): 175–76. 6774: 6770: 6763: 6756: 6755:Duberman 1989 6752: 6747: 6740: 6735: 6729:, p. 45. 6728: 6723: 6716: 6712: 6711:Robeson 1978a 6707: 6700: 6699:Duberman 1989 6694: 6690: 6683: 6676: 6675:Duberman 1989 6671: 6665:, p. 52. 6664: 6659: 6657: 6650:, p. 285 6649: 6642: 6626: 6622: 6618: 6612: 6604: 6600: 6596: 6589: 6582: 6577: 6570: 6565: 6558: 6557:Duberman 1989 6554: 6540: 6536: 6535: 6530: 6524: 6517: 6516:Duberman 1989 6513: 6508: 6501: 6500:Duberman 1989 6497: 6493: 6488: 6486: 6478: 6473: 6466: 6462: 6461:Duberman 1989 6458: 6453: 6447:, p. 166 6446: 6445:Duberman 1989 6442: 6438: 6433: 6426: 6422: 6418: 6417:Duberman 1989 6413: 6407:, p. 182 6406: 6402: 6401:Duberman 1989 6396: 6389: 6385: 6381: 6380:Duberman 1989 6376: 6369: 6365: 6364:Duberman 1989 6361: 6347: 6344:. p. 4. 6343: 6342: 6337: 6330: 6314: 6310: 6306: 6300: 6293: 6292:Duberman 1989 6289: 6285: 6281: 6276: 6269: 6265: 6260: 6253: 6249: 6245: 6240: 6234:, p. 166 6233: 6229: 6228:Swindall 2010 6225: 6224:Morrison 2011 6220: 6204: 6200: 6194: 6187: 6183: 6182:Duberman 1989 6178: 6171: 6167: 6166:Duberman 1989 6163: 6158: 6151: 6147: 6146:Duberman 1989 6142: 6135: 6134:Duberman 1989 6131: 6127: 6122: 6115: 6110: 6103: 6099: 6095: 6089: 6088: 6080: 6073: 6072:Duberman 1989 6068: 6061: 6060:Duberman 1989 6056: 6049: 6048:Duberman 1989 6045: 6041: 6037: 6032: 6025: 6021: 6017: 6011: 6007: 6003: 5996: 5989: 5985: 5981: 5980:Duberman 1989 5975: 5971: 5967: 5960: 5954:, p. 52. 5953: 5949: 5948:Duberman 1989 5945: 5939: 5935: 5931: 5924: 5918:, p. 52. 5917: 5913: 5912:Duberman 1989 5908: 5904: 5900: 5896: 5889: 5882: 5877: 5875: 5867: 5863: 5859: 5858:Duberman 1989 5854: 5850: 5849: 5841: 5835: 5820: 5816: 5810: 5804:, p. 148 5803: 5799: 5798:Duberman 1989 5795: 5790: 5783: 5779: 5775: 5774:Duberman 1989 5770: 5764:, p. 184 5763: 5759: 5758:Duberman 1989 5755: 5750: 5744:, p. 184 5743: 5739: 5738:Duberman 1989 5734: 5727: 5723: 5722:Duberman 1989 5719: 5714: 5707: 5703: 5699: 5698:Duberman 1989 5695: 5690: 5682: 5678: 5674: 5668: 5664: 5660: 5659:Duberman 1989 5655: 5648: 5647:Duberman 1989 5643: 5639: 5635: 5627: 5623: 5619: 5611: 5607: 5603: 5596: 5589: 5585: 5581: 5577: 5576:Duberman 1989 5572: 5565: 5561: 5557: 5556:Duberman 1989 5552: 5544: 5540: 5536: 5528: 5524: 5520: 5513: 5505: 5501: 5497: 5490: 5483: 5479: 5475: 5474:Duberman 1989 5471: 5466: 5459: 5455: 5450: 5444:, p. 84. 5443: 5438: 5430: 5426: 5422: 5416: 5411: 5404: 5400: 5399:Duberman 1989 5396: 5391: 5384: 5378: 5371: 5370:Duberman 1989 5367: 5362: 5358: 5354: 5346: 5342: 5338: 5331: 5324: 5320: 5319:Duberman 1989 5306: 5302: 5298: 5294: 5290: 5282: 5278: 5275:. p. 8. 5274: 5267: 5260: 5255: 5248: 5244: 5243:Duberman 1989 5240: 5236: 5231: 5224: 5220: 5216: 5215:Duberman 1989 5211: 5209: 5205: 5201: 5200:miscegenation 5198:The dramatic 5187: 5183: 5182: 5177: 5171: 5164: 5160: 5156: 5155:Duberman 1989 5151: 5143: 5139: 5135: 5131: 5125: 5121: 5118: 5114: 5109: 5101: 5099:0-471-24265-9 5095: 5091: 5087: 5086: 5078: 5071: 5067: 5063: 5062:Duberman 1989 5059: 5054: 5048:, p. 122 5047: 5043: 5039: 5035: 5034:Duberman 1989 5030: 5024:, p. 111 5023: 5019: 5014: 5007: 5003: 5002:Duberman 1989 4999: 4995: 4990: 4983: 4978: 4971: 4967: 4962: 4955: 4951: 4950:Duberman 1989 4947: 4943: 4938: 4931: 4927: 4923: 4919: 4918:Duberman 1989 4914: 4907: 4903: 4899: 4898:Duberman 1989 4895: 4890: 4883: 4882:Duberman 1989 4880: 4876: 4873: 4872: 4866: 4852: 4848: 4847: 4842: 4835: 4828: 4823: 4816: 4812: 4808: 4804: 4801: 4797: 4792: 4786:, p. 119 4785: 4781: 4777: 4776:Duberman 1989 4773: 4768: 4752: 4748: 4744: 4740: 4736: 4731: 4727: 4723: 4722:Peterson 1997 4718: 4712:, p. 43. 4711: 4710:Duberman 1989 4706: 4699: 4695: 4691: 4690:Duberman 1989 4686: 4679: 4675: 4670: 4663: 4659: 4654: 4647: 4643: 4639: 4634: 4628:, p. 82. 4627: 4622: 4615: 4614:Duberman 1989 4611: 4607: 4603: 4598: 4591: 4587: 4583: 4579: 4578:Duberman 1989 4574: 4568:, p. 107 4567: 4563: 4558: 4551: 4547: 4543: 4542:Duberman 1989 4539: 4525: 4521: 4520: 4515: 4508: 4492: 4488: 4484: 4477: 4470: 4466: 4462: 4458: 4457:Duberman 1989 4453: 4446: 4442: 4438: 4437:Duberman 1989 4434: 4429: 4422: 4418: 4417:Duberman 1989 4414: 4409: 4402: 4401:Duberman 1989 4398: 4394: 4380: 4376: 4370: 4363: 4359: 4358:Duberman 1989 4355: 4350: 4334: 4330: 4326: 4319: 4312: 4308: 4304: 4303:Duberman 1989 4290: 4286: 4285: 4280: 4274: 4267: 4263: 4259: 4258:Duberman 1989 4254: 4247: 4243: 4239: 4235: 4234:Duberman 1989 4230: 4223: 4218: 4211: 4206: 4199: 4195: 4191: 4190:Duberman 1989 4187: 4182: 4176:, p. 68. 4175: 4170: 4164:, p. 171 4163: 4157: 4153: 4149: 4148: 4143: 4137: 4130: 4126: 4122: 4118: 4117:Duberman 1989 4113: 4106: 4102: 4098: 4094: 4093:Duberman 1989 4090: 4085: 4078: 4074: 4070: 4066: 4065:Duberman 1989 4061: 4054: 4050: 4046: 4042: 4041:Duberman 1989 4038: 4033: 4026: 4022: 4018: 4014: 4013:Duberman 1989 4009: 4001: 3997: 3993: 3989: 3985: 3981: 3974: 3967: 3963: 3962:Duberman 1989 3959: 3945: 3941: 3937: 3933: 3929: 3922: 3915: 3911: 3907: 3906:Duberman 1989 3902: 3895: 3891: 3890:Duberman 1989 3887: 3882: 3875: 3871: 3867: 3863: 3862:Duberman 1989 3858: 3851: 3847: 3843: 3839: 3835: 3834:Duberman 1989 3830: 3822: 3818: 3814: 3808: 3804: 3803:Duberman 1989 3800: 3796: 3791: 3784: 3780: 3779:Duberman 1989 3776: 3772: 3767: 3760: 3756: 3752: 3751:Duberman 1989 3747: 3740: 3736: 3735:Duberman 1989 3732: 3727: 3720: 3716: 3715:Duberman 1989 3712: 3707: 3700: 3696: 3692: 3691:Duberman 1989 3687: 3680: 3677:, p. 9, 3676: 3675:Duberman 1989 3672: 3667: 3660: 3656: 3652: 3649:, p. 8, 3648: 3647:Duberman 1989 3644: 3639: 3632: 3628: 3624: 3620: 3619:Duberman 1989 3615: 3608: 3604: 3600: 3599:Duberman 1989 3596: 3591: 3584: 3583:Duberman 1989 3580: 3575: 3568: 3564: 3560: 3559:Duberman 1989 3555: 3548: 3544: 3540: 3535: 3528: 3524: 3523:Duberman 1989 3520: 3516: 3511: 3504: 3501:, p. 4, 3500: 3499:Duberman 1989 3497:, p. 4, 3496: 3492: 3487: 3476:September 17, 3471: 3467: 3466: 3461: 3457: 3451: 3445: 3440: 3433: 3429: 3425: 3420: 3413: 3412:Duberman 1989 3409: 3405: 3401: 3396: 3389: 3385: 3382: 3377: 3361: 3357: 3351: 3343: 3342: 3337: 3331: 3315: 3311: 3305: 3299: 3295: 3292: 3286: 3285: 3280: 3274: 3270: 3260: 3257: 3254: 3253: 3249: 3248: 3239: 3237: 3233: 3229: 3226: 3225: 3221: 3218: 3217: 3213: 3210: 3209: 3205: 3202: 3201: 3197: 3194: 3193: 3189: 3188: 3187: 3186: 3182: 3178: 3164: 3163: 3159: 3156: 3155: 3151: 3148: 3147: 3143: 3140: 3139: 3135: 3132: 3131: 3127: 3124: 3123: 3119: 3116: 3115: 3111: 3108: 3107: 3103: 3100: 3099: 3095: 3092: 3091: 3087: 3084: 3083: 3079: 3076: 3075: 3071: 3068: 3067: 3063: 3060: 3059: 3055: 3052: 3051: 3047: 3044: 3043: 3042:Body and Soul 3039: 3038: 3035: 3025: 3021: 3019: 3015: 3011: 3007: 3003: 2999: 2995: 2991: 2987: 2983: 2979: 2974: 2972: 2968: 2964: 2959: 2957: 2953: 2949: 2945: 2941: 2937: 2936:Steve McQueen 2932: 2930: 2926: 2922: 2921: 2916: 2915:Tom Rob Smith 2912: 2910: 2909:Red Eyed Soul 2906: 2902: 2900: 2899: 2893: 2891: 2887: 2882: 2880: 2876: 2873:, written by 2872: 2868: 2863: 2861: 2857: 2853: 2848: 2846: 2842: 2838: 2834: 2830: 2828: 2823: 2818: 2813: 2808: 2807:Abdulla Goran 2803: 2801: 2790: 2788: 2784: 2779: 2776: 2774: 2773:Voorhees Mall 2768: 2760: 2756: 2754: 2750: 2746: 2741: 2738: 2734: 2730: 2725: 2723: 2719: 2715: 2710: 2707: 2703: 2699: 2695: 2691: 2686: 2684: 2680: 2676: 2671: 2669: 2665: 2664:Susan Robeson 2661: 2657: 2652: 2650: 2646: 2642: 2638: 2634: 2630: 2625: 2623: 2619: 2615: 2611: 2610: 2605: 2601: 2596: 2594: 2589: 2587: 2583: 2578: 2576: 2572: 2568: 2560: 2555: 2545: 2540: 2538: 2533: 2531: 2527: 2526:Fritz Pollard 2523: 2512: 2508: 2504: 2502: 2492: 2490: 2486: 2482: 2477: 2475: 2471: 2467: 2466:Bayard Rustin 2457: 2455: 2447: 2442: 2433: 2431: 2427: 2417: 2413: 2411: 2407: 2403: 2399: 2394: 2392: 2389: 2379: 2377: 2373: 2369: 2363: 2354: 2352: 2342: 2339: 2337: 2333: 2329: 2328:Faith Bandler 2324: 2322: 2318: 2314: 2310: 2306: 2296: 2294: 2290: 2285: 2283: 2277: 2275: 2270: 2268: 2264: 2260: 2256: 2252: 2242: 2240: 2239: 2228: 2220: 2218: 2217:5th Amendment 2214: 2210: 2209: 2203: 2201: 2197: 2193: 2189: 2185: 2181: 2179: 2175: 2171: 2166: 2164: 2160: 2159:Earl Robinson 2156: 2152: 2148: 2147:Topic Records 2143: 2139: 2136: 2130: 2120: 2118: 2117:Aneurin Bevan 2113: 2108: 2105: 2100: 2098: 2094: 2090: 2086: 2082: 2078: 2074: 2069: 2067: 2063: 2058: 2054: 2053: 2048: 2047: 2041: 2039: 2038: 2033: 2028: 2025: 2020: 2018: 2013: 2009: 2004: 2002: 1991: 1989: 1984: 1980: 1975: 1973: 1969: 1965: 1961: 1957: 1953: 1948: 1943: 1934: 1930: 1928: 1924: 1919: 1915: 1911: 1907: 1902: 1900: 1896: 1892: 1887: 1883: 1882:Revels Cayton 1879: 1875: 1870: 1868: 1864: 1860: 1856: 1852: 1848: 1844: 1834: 1832: 1828: 1824: 1819: 1817: 1813: 1809: 1805: 1800: 1798: 1794: 1790: 1786: 1782: 1778: 1774: 1770: 1766: 1762: 1758: 1754: 1750: 1746: 1742: 1738: 1733: 1731: 1727: 1723: 1720: 1716: 1711: 1707: 1703: 1699: 1695: 1691: 1687: 1683: 1680:According to 1678: 1676: 1672: 1671: 1666: 1665: 1659: 1656: 1655: 1650: 1649: 1643: 1641: 1637: 1633: 1632: 1623: 1622: 1617: 1616:Theatre Guild 1613: 1610:Robeson with 1608: 1601: 1597: 1592: 1586: 1577: 1571: 1569: 1568: 1559: 1555: 1554: 1549: 1544: 1540: 1538: 1534: 1530: 1526: 1522: 1518: 1514: 1510: 1506: 1501: 1499: 1486: 1482: 1472: 1470: 1466: 1462: 1454: 1449: 1445: 1443: 1442: 1437: 1436: 1431: 1430: 1425: 1422:in 1936, and 1421: 1420: 1415: 1414: 1409: 1405: 1401: 1397: 1392: 1388: 1384: 1383: 1378: 1374: 1369: 1365: 1361: 1360: 1354: 1352: 1348: 1344: 1340: 1336: 1332: 1328: 1324: 1316: 1315: 1310: 1305: 1301: 1299: 1295: 1291: 1287: 1283: 1278: 1275: 1274: 1269: 1265: 1261: 1257: 1253: 1252: 1247: 1237: 1235: 1231: 1225: 1223: 1219: 1215: 1211: 1207: 1203: 1202:Savoy Theatre 1199: 1198: 1192: 1188: 1186: 1182: 1178: 1174: 1170: 1166: 1162: 1158: 1154: 1153:Ol' Man River 1150: 1146: 1145: 1136: 1132: 1126: 1123: 1118: 1116: 1112: 1108: 1103: 1101: 1097: 1093: 1089: 1085: 1083: 1079: 1078: 1077:Body and Soul 1073: 1069: 1063: 1060: 1056: 1052: 1051: 1046: 1042: 1040: 1036: 1035: 1030: 1026: 1022: 1018: 1014: 999: 997: 993: 989: 985: 981: 980: 979:Shuffle Along 975: 971: 970: 965: 961: 956: 954: 953: 948: 944: 939: 937: 933: 929: 925: 915: 912: 911: 906: 905:Cap and Skull 902: 898: 894: 890: 882: 881:Cap and Skull 877: 873: 871: 866: 865: 859: 857: 852: 847: 845: 841: 834: 833: 828: 827:Fritz Pollard 824: 815: 813: 812:Fritz Pollard 809: 805: 804: 799: 798: 797:Julius Caesar 793: 789: 784: 780: 777: 773: 769: 765: 761: 757: 753: 749: 742: 737: 723: 721: 717: 713: 708: 706: 705: 700: 696: 695: 690: 686: 682: 678: 674: 670: 665: 663: 659: 655: 651: 650: 645: 644: 639: 638: 633: 629: 628: 623: 622:Emperor Jones 619: 614: 612: 611: 606: 605: 600: 596: 592: 588: 584: 580: 576: 571: 569: 565: 564:bass-baritone 561: 560: 551: 524: 515: 511: 507: 506: 500: 497: 496: 490: 486: 478: 475: 471: 467: 463: 459: 457:Games played: 455: 451: 446: 442: 436: 432: 428: 425:2× Consensus 424: 423: 421: 416: 412: 406: 402: 399: 396: 392: 389: 388: 386: 381: 378: 375: 371: 368: 365: 361: 356: 352: 348: 344: 340: 335: 332: 328: 325: 321: 316: 305: 299: 294: 291: 283: 280: 277: 273: 267: 264: 262: 259: 258: 256: 252: 249: 246: 242: 223: 222:Eslanda Goode 218: 214: 211: 210: 205: 204: 199: 198: 193: 192: 188: 184: 177: 174: 171: 168: 165: 164: 162: 158: 152: 149: 145: 140: 137: 135: 132: 128: 123: 120: 119: 117: 113: 109: 105: 102: 100:Resting place 98: 93: 89: 77: 73: 68: 63:April 9, 1898 51: 47: 40: 35: 28: 25: 22: 16830:Paul Robeson 16686:Paul Robeson 16685: 16678:Bill Fincher 16635:Frank Murrey 16551:Eugene Neely 16527:Paul Robeson 16526: 16519:Henry Miller 16407:Frank Turner 16390: 16375:Herb Pickens 16350: 16302: 16247:James H. Law 16231:Paul Robeson 16230: 16210: 16181: 16157: 16149: 16141: 16133: 16125: 16117: 16110:W. H. Harris 16030: 16015:Willie Brown 16006: 15983:Quincy Jones 15951:Cicely Tyson 15927:John Conyers 15823:Maya Angelou 15799:Colin Powell 15767:Percy Sutton 15738: 15695:Andrew Young 15686: 15658: 15643:Wilson Riles 15635:Gordon Parks 15563:Medgar Evers 15447:Ralph Bunche 15415:Paul Robeson 15414: 15358: 15247:Roland Hayes 15118:Eddie Murphy 15048:Nancy Wilson 15020:Jerry Butler 15016:Carmen McRae 14958:Esther Rolle 14952:Paul Robeson 14951: 14944:Gordon Parks 14859: 14792:Priory Group 14741:Will Paynter 14676:Itzik Feffer 14548: 14543:Here I Stand 14541: 14536: 14531: 14526: 14521: 14511: 14506: 14501: 14496: 14491: 14484: 14477:and speeches 14458: 14303: 14299: 14291: 14284: 14277: 14270: 14263: 14256: 14240: 14233: 14228: 14223: 14212:1930, London 14205: 14198: 14191: 14184: 14177: 14170: 14153: 14145: 14137: 14129: 14121: 14113: 14105: 14097: 14089: 14081: 14073: 14065: 14057: 14049: 14041: 14033: 14025: 14017: 14009: 14001: 13970:Paul Robeson 13969: 13918:Marxists.org 13869:Paul Robeson 13860:Paul Robeson 13850:Paul Robeson 13841:Paul Robeson 13823:. Retrieved 13819: 13795: 13784: 13780: 13777:Jeff Sparrow 13772: 13769:Gerald Horne 13743: 13734:Paul Robeson 13733: 13723: 13714: 13705:Itzik Feffer 13692:Paul Robeson 13691: 13684: 13676: 13666:. Retrieved 13661: 13650: 13641:Paul Robeson 13640: 13633: 13624:Paul Robeson 13623: 13616: 13608: 13583: 13562: 13541: 13520: 13509: 13488: 13467: 13443: 13429: 13420: 13396: 13375: 13354: 13333: 13312: 13292: 13272: 13252: 13232: 13211: 13191: 13168: 13147: 13126: 13105: 13079: 13075: 13050: 13046: 13026: 13005: 12984: 12963: 12943: 12930: 12907: 12897: 12876: 12855: 12834: 12813: 12803: 12764:Paul Robeson 12763: 12742: 12721: 12691: 12687: 12673: 12648: 12641:Google Books 12636:Paul Robeson 12634: 12618: 12590: 12572: 12568: 12544: 12523: 12502: 12478: 12464:Google Books 12459:Paul Robeson 12457: 12440: 12432:Google Books 12427:Paul Robeson 12425: 12417:. Retrieved 12413:the original 12397: 12376: 12369:. D. 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In 2010, 2535:Biographer 2501:Jumel Place 2495:Final years 2426:East Berlin 2305:Bill Morrow 2223:Later years 2213:due process 2097:Black press 2062:Roy Wilkins 2012:imperialist 1773:Uline Arena 1745:Liu Liangmo 1664:Native Land 1519:to support 1451:Robeson at 1335:Marie Seton 1212:, opposite 1185:Savoy Grill 1129:1928–1932: 936:Harlem YWCA 897:Walter Camp 870:World War I 788:A.M.E. Zion 311: 1919 160:Occupations 16824:Categories 16702:Pete Henry 16643:Tom Davies 15919:Ben Carson 15887:John Lewis 15847:Carl Rowan 15751:Bill Cosby 15731:Lena Horne 15699:Rosa Parks 15679:Alex Haley 15667:Hank Aaron 15319:Max Yergan 15100:Bill Cosby 15002:The O'Jays 14992:Etta James 14926:Lena Horne 14843:, New York 14721:Pool Group 14716:Max Yergan 14639:Associates 14272:Spirituals 14235:John Henry 14019:Borderline 13752:1934121193 13009:. Enigma. 12694:(2): 117. 12684:"Foreword" 12103:The Targum 11411:August 18, 11267:October 2, 11044:August 13, 11013:August 13, 10872:1141094001 10669:August 12, 10445:August 26, 10318:October 2, 10109:August 13, 9675:The Nation 9135:January 6, 9100:January 6, 8692:Foner 2001 8664:Foner 2001 8640:The Crisis 8536:Walsh 1949 8532:Walsh 1949 8524:Walsh 1949 8516:Brown 1997 8504:Walsh 1949 8355:Seton 1958 8255:Seton 1958 8035:Lewis 2000 7742:, p. 7556:Price 2007 7263:Wyden 1983 7232:Brown 1997 7072:Seton 1958 6880:The Crisis 6631:August 13, 6621:Soas.ac.uk 6319:August 27, 6309:Abbey Road 6087:The Nation 6016:Seton 1958 5046:Brown 1997 4966:Brown 1997 4946:Brown 1997 4922:Brown 1997 4894:Wintz 2007 4869:Review of 4784:Brown 1997 4678:Seton 1958 4646:Brown 1997 4602:Brown 1997 4566:Brown 1997 4546:Brown 1997 4519:The Targum 4465:Brown 1997 4433:Brown 1997 4421:Brown 1997 4393:Brown 1997 4242:Brown 1997 4222:Seton 1958 4198:Brown 1997 4147:The Crisis 4125:Brown 1997 4089:Brown 1997 4073:Brown 1997 4049:Brown 1997 4021:Brown 1997 3914:Brown 1997 3894:Brown 1997 3866:Brown 1997 3846:Brown 1997 3842:Seton 1958 3799:Brown 1997 3783:Brown 1997 3759:Brown 1997 3739:Brown 1997 3719:Brown 1997 3695:Brown 1997 3659:Seton 1958 3655:Brown 1997 3631:Brown 1997 3607:Brown 1997 3547:Brown 1997 3527:Brown 1997 3503:Brown 1997 3424:Brown 1997 3402:, p. 3265:References 3200:Spirituals 3058:Borderline 2954:, and the 2391:Sanatorium 2180:in Wales. 2112:Peace Arch 2046:The Crisis 2008:Korean War 1972:The Crisis 1910:Deep South 1841:After the 1808:Kuomintang 1749:Chee Lai!" 1636:Sugar Hill 1531:, and the 1529:Max Yergan 1513:Benicàssim 1485:Republican 1382:The Crisis 1197:Borderline 1082:spirituals 960:Akron Pros 864:The Crisis 832:The Crisis 776:plantation 752:New Jersey 726:Early life 716:Steal Away 654:Republican 474:Touchdowns 391:Akron Pros 318:No. 21, 17 59:1898-04-09 16814:Biography 16718:Lou Usher 16694:Joe Guyon 16626:Backfield 16559:Herb Sies 16459:Backfield 16399:Josh Dean 16383:Josh Dean 16174:E. Coombs 15343:John Hope 15076:Spike Lee 15010:The Dells 14998:Four Tops 14837:, Chicago 14780:Locations 14731:Tony Benn 14701:Joe Louis 14696:Uta Hagen 14487:newspaper 14179:Show Boat 14059:Big Fella 14043:Show Boat 13096:190731391 13067:191612284 12793:ignored ( 12783:cite book 12109:: 570–71. 12037:March 18, 11743:March 31, 11448:143371833 11350:April 13, 10892:cite book 10804:, p. 211. 10766:March 10, 10572:April 14, 10221:April 14, 10153:naacp.org 9974:April 20, 9921:Bell 1986 8785:763259026 7597:August 3, 7335:484443209 7226:484207378 7028:April 25, 6789:The Times 6010:492188338 5974:201895989 5938:226257877 5903:201884274 5848:The Times 5681:226389224 5642:226457501 5626:201840160 5610:103557765 5543:226176207 5527:492070128 5504:226378502 5429:201834383 5361:180569383 5345:103317885 5301:103407566 5281:201849682 5142:120941139 5018:Levy 2003 4796:Levy 2003 4747:103384313 4497:March 10, 4156:0011-1422 4105:Pitt 1972 4045:Levy 2003 3940:107050287 3821:498725929 3356:"Freedom" 3320:March 15, 3098:Big Fella 3082:Show Boat 2917:'s novel 2829:in 1976. 2817:Cegerxwîn 2712:In 2001, 2688:In 1978, 2584:from the 2520:included 2485:Communism 2188:Stalinism 1823:Chee lai! 1654:Collier's 1624:(1943–44) 1612:Uta Hagen 1435:Big Fella 1419:Show Boat 1391:Stevedore 1373:Stevedore 1366:culture. 1309:Irén Ágay 1290:phonetics 1234:Show Boat 1218:Desdemona 1181:Hampstead 1177:Show Boat 1147:, at the 1144:Show Boat 1131:Show Boat 1068:race film 1045:Chillun's 1039:Chillun's 851:Glee Club 748:Princeton 712:spiritual 701:decision 649:Show Boat 627:Show Boat 323:Position: 275:Relatives 191:Show Boat 115:Education 16790:Politics 16409:(2023– ) 16211:No coach 16182:No coach 16150:No coach 16134:No coach 16118:No coach 16031:no award 16007:no award 15935:Ruby Dee 15739:no award 15687:no award 15659:no award 15521:and the 15359:no award 14986:Ruby Dee 14861:Category 14581:(father) 14475:Writings 14417:Activism 14400:Joe Hill 14395:" (1940) 14388:" (1939) 14381:" (1939) 14374:" (1938) 14367:" (1936) 14360:" (1931) 14353:" (1930) 14346:" (1928) 14339:" (1926) 14332:" (1925) 13825:June 22, 13711:' death. 13621:(1979) 13465:(2014). 13190:(2007). 12708:24390044 12500:(2006). 12218:(1989). 11937:Archived 11899:Archived 11866:Archived 11833:Archived 11797:Archived 11767:Archived 11737:Archived 11712:April 1, 11706:Archived 11681:March 9, 11675:Archived 11620:Archived 11590:Archived 11566:July 21, 11560:Archived 11530:Archived 11505:March 9, 11499:Archived 11472:March 9, 11405:Archived 11380:July 25, 11291:Archived 11261:Archived 11205:Archived 11185:March 9, 11155:March 9, 11149:Archived 11129:March 9, 11123:Archived 11103:March 9, 11097:Archived 11070:March 9, 11064:Archived 11038:Archived 11007:Archived 10951:Archived 10876:Archived 10835:June 27, 10829:Archived 10820:The Hour 10757:Archived 10724:Archived 10663:Archived 10659:BBC News 10638:March 9, 10632:Archived 10598:March 9, 10566:Archived 10474:Archived 10439:Archived 10409:Archived 10385:April 1, 10379:Archived 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11536:June 5, 11237:May 28, 11211:May 28, 10957:May 18, 10730:May 20, 10720:Nps.gov 10480:May 22, 10355:May 29, 10340:The Day 8835:May 29, 8616:Freedom 8172:YouTube 8008:May 29, 7677:(1943)" 7675:Othello 7646:", in: 6603:Twitter 6545:May 29, 6352:May 29, 5117:History 4295:May 29, 4000:2966562 3366:June 3, 3252:Freedom 3050:Camille 2994:Bengali 2920:Agent 6 2637:Othello 2629:Othello 2291:at the 2255:Othello 2190:at the 2037:Freedom 1958:and to 1880:member 1793:Hu Shih 1730:Othello 1621:Othello 1614:in the 1585:Othello 1576:Othello 1469:fascism 1406:at the 1398:in the 1375:at the 1294:Swahili 1246:Chillun 1210:Othello 1135:Othello 1066:silent 1059:Chillun 803:Othello 694:Freedom 664:(CAA). 637:Othello 632:Eslanda 377:Rutgers 350:Weight: 342:Height: 304:Rutgers 254:Parents 238: 230: 226: 203:Othello 178:athlete 16393:(2020) 16337:(1951) 16321:(1948) 16305:(1943) 16289:(1933) 16281:(1932) 16249:(1922) 16241:(1921) 16233:(1920) 16229:& 16213:(1917) 16205:(1916) 16197:(1915) 16176:(1908) 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