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357:, the drug was sold by Parke-Davis in various forms, including cigarettes, powder, and even a cocaine mixture that could be injected directly into the user’s veins with the included needle. The company promised that its cocaine products would "supply the place of food, make the coward brave, the silent eloquent and ... render the sufferer insensitive to pain." In October 1915,
333:
Another of the company's products developed by
Takamine was a pure form of adrenaline. The compound was patented in 1900 and trademarked as "Adrenalin." Because of the similarity of this name to "Adrenaline," the use of the alternative name "epinephrine" for generics was mandated in the United States
188:
Dr. Duffield and Hervey Coke Parke formed a partnership in
October 1866, with George S. Davis becoming a third partner in 1867. Parke was a businessman looking for business opportunities and Davis, an ambitious man with skills in sales. Duffield withdrew in 1869 because of poor health and an interest
184:
by Dr. Samuel P. Duffield, a physician and pharmacist. In 1860, Dr. Duffield owned a small drugstore at the corner of
Gratiot and Woodward Avenues. Dr. Duffield made a variety of pharmaceutical preparations, including Hoffman’s anodyne and mercurial ointment, but was overwhelmed by the operations of
248:
as a consultant on vaccine adjuvants. Parke-Davis was also involved in manufacturing the polio vaccine. It took Salk much effort to convince Parke-Davis to follow his production protocols exactly. For about six months Parke-Davis had the exclusive contract to produce the vaccine for field trials but
330:, the first cancer vaccine, which was developed by William Coley to treat osteosarcoma. Additionally, the company entered into a distribution agreement with the Inoculation Department of St Mary's (London) and distributed a number of vaccines for infectious diseases and even acne and cancer.
256:
to produce 40 illustrations for the series, “A History of
Pharmacy in Pictures.” Each print came with a history article that explained the depicted scene and its place in history. Launched in 1957, the series was developed in cooperation with the Institute for the History of Pharmacy at the
434:
and polio vaccines, called
Quadrigen, was developed in 1954 and approved in 1959. Quadrigen was later removed from the market in 1968 after a series of lawsuits pertaining to adverse effects in vaccinated children. Parke-Davis also produced the broad-spectrum antibiotic
377:(peyote) and made me some special preparations on the lines indicated by my experience which proved greatly superior to previous preparations." Parke-Davis also was the original manufacturer and patent holder of
823:
286:. In 2004, Pfizer "admitted that Parke-Davis aggressively marketed Neurontin by illicit means for unrelated conditions including bipolar disorder, pain, migraine headaches, and drug and
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is no longer an independent corporation, it was once
America's oldest and largest drug maker, and played an important role in medical history. In 1970 Parke-Davis was acquired by
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In 1871, the company sent expeditions to
Central and South America and the West Indies in search of medicinal plants. The company produced an herbal laxative drug
189:
in practicing medicine. The partnership adopted the name Parke, Davis or Parke-Davis in 1871, and was formally incorporated as Parke, Davis & Company in 1875.
832:
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373:, stopped by Parke-Davis in Detroit, where, according to Crowley, the cooperation was complete. " were kind enough to interest themselves in my researches in
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290:", and consented to $ 430 million in penalties although it claimed the violations originated in 1996, well before Pfizer's acquisition of Warner–Lambert.
257:
University of
Wisconsin. Druggists were encouraged to display the artwork in their stores. Thom also did a comparable series on the history of medicine.
249:
in
February 1954 the National Foundation for the Prevention of Polio reneged on the contract and opened vaccine production to other companies as well.
791:
230:
developed the "Scoville
Organoleptic Test" - now standardized as the Scoville scale - to measure the "spiciness" or "heat" of various chili peppers.
1605:
646:
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and is credited with building the first modern pharmaceutical laboratory and developing the first systematic methods of performing
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282:, but in 2001 over 80% of its $ 1.8 billion in sales were for indications unapproved by the United States
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381:(PCP) which is currently listed as a Schedule II drug in the United States. It also developed Ketalar (
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As announced on January 22, 2007, Pfizer closed its research facilities in Ann Arbor, Michigan.
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alleging infringement of its Adrenalin patents. The ruling in favor of Parke-Davis by Judge
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Parke-Davis Industrial Site, Bounded by MacDougall & Joseph Campau Avenues, Detroit, MI
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Huge penalty in drug fraud Pfizer settles felony case in Neurontin off-label promotion
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Former Parke-Davis Research Laboratory on the Detroit River (now in use as a hotel)
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Bayly, M. Beddow. The Story of the Salk Anti-Poliomyelitis Vaccine. 1956.
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hydrochloride), a general anesthetic and dissociative drug, in 1962.
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A picture of a Parke Davis & Co. Cocaine injection kit from 1885
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Penicillin Man: Alexander Fleming and the Antibiotic Revolution
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Dr. Jokichi Takamine: Japanese father of American Biotechnology
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and is used to this day. Parke-Davis filed a lawsuit against
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For the American football player, coach, and historian, see
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278:. The drug had only been approved for use in patients with
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but was more successfully marketed as "Taka-diastase" for
233:
The production facility on Parkdale Road in what was then
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Suit: Neurontin Marketed Illegally for Bipolar Disorder
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found from Native Americans in the Pacific Northwest.
1601:
Defunct pharmaceutical companies of the United States
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Parke-Davis and Company Pharmaceutical Company Plant
446:Other products popularized by the company included
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Building on the Parke-Davis Plant campus in Detroit
783:2002 NPR broadcast of the Neurontin lawsuit story
1626:Historic American Engineering Record in Michigan
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388:Parke-Davis marketed the first widely available
315:. The enzyme was originally intended for use in
500:"2000: Pfizer Joins Forces With Warner-Lambert"
531:"The Early History of Parke-Davis and Company"
833:Pharmaceutical companies of the United States
817:
798:", 20 photos, 3 photo caption pages
725:Do What Thou Wilt: a life of Aleister Crowley
560:Patenting the Sun: Polio and the Salk Vaccine
252:Parke-Davis commissioned Detroit illustrator
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342:is considered crucial to modern patent law.
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266:(2002), the company was accused of illegal
38:Parke Davis Administration Building in 1943
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414:Parke-Davis developed the first bacterial
301:One of Parke-Davis' early products was an
647:"At Pfizer, Brutal Cuts And Big Changes"
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176:Parke, Davis and Company was founded in
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1606:American companies established in 1866
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722:Sutin, Lawrence (September 14, 2000).
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399:In partnership with the Japanese firm
274:uses of its anticonvulsant medication
270:practices, including the promotion of
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539:Bulletin for the History of Chemistry
792:Historic American Engineering Record
645:Herper, Matthew (January 22, 2007).
563:. W. Morrow. pp. 20, 218, 246.
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221:National Register of Historic Places
1621:Defunct companies based in Michigan
672:Bennett, Joan and Yutaka Yamomoto.
625:Tansey, Bernadette (May 14, 2004).
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370:The Confessions of Aleister Crowley
244:In the 1950s, Parke-Davis employed
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1111:Pharmaceutical Product Development
14:
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585:"The Norman Rockwell of Medicine"
452:combined oral contraceptive pills
1580:List of pharmaceutical companies
608:Purse, Marcia (March 15, 2019).
353:; before the criminalization of
226:In 1912, Parke-Davis pharmacist
199:It was once the world's largest
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209:Parke-Davis Research Laboratory
697:Brown, Kevin (December 2005).
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987:Institute for OneWorld Health
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1206:West Pharmaceutical Services
284:Food and Drug Administration
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1616:Companies based in Detroit
1012:McNeil Consumer Healthcare
728:. Macmillan. p. 253.
529:Hoefle, Milton L. (2000).
479:Grand Rapids Public Museum
475:"Collections: Parke-Davis"
213:National Historic Landmark
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1054:Merrimack Pharmaceuticals
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794:(HAER) No. MI-19, "
207:of new medications. The
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557:Smith, Jane S. (1990).
430:. A combination of the
263:Franklin v. Parke-Davis
235:Avon Township, Michigan
1443:Leiner Health Products
887:Amneal Pharmaceuticals
755:Accessed May 16, 2006.
753:remarkablemedicine.com
201:pharmaceutical company
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134:Parke, Davis & Co.
127:pharmaceutical company
997:Johnson & Johnson
787:All Things Considered
701:. The History Press.
403:and the British firm
364:Diary of a Drug Fiend
336:H. K. Mulford Company
171:
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1291:Jazz Pharmaceuticals
1281:Horizon Therapeutics
1151:Sarepta Therapeutics
1126:Proteon Therapeutics
1121:Procter & Gamble
1034:Melinta Therapeutics
927:Bristol Myers Squibb
749:A Flaw in the System
589:Medical History Tour
1498:Repros Therapeutics
1413:Forest Laboratories
1398:Cutter Laboratories
1116:Prasco Laboratories
857:Acorda Therapeutics
847:Abbott Laboratories
239:Rochester, Michigan
28:
1458:Miles Laboratories
1448:Martek Biosciences
1271:Endo International
1191:Ventria Bioscience
957:Danco Laboratories
679:2006-06-15 at the
401:Daiichi Sankyo Co.
375:Anhalonium lewinii
308:Aspergillus oryzae
288:alcohol withdrawal
215:; the surrounding
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75:Samuel P. Duffield
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892:Avax Technologies
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16:Pfizer subsidiary
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1039:Melior Discovery
1024:Kinetic Concepts
967:Galena Biopharma
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1186:Upsher-Smith
1017:Ortho-McNeil
785:on the show
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413:
409:troglitazone
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361:, author of
344:
340:Learned Hand
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317:distilleries
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80:Headquarters
44:Company type
1493:Parke-Davis
1176:Trevena Inc
1044:Mentholatum
852:AbbVie Inc.
504:Pfizer, Inc
420:vaccinology
392:treatment,
254:Robert Thom
132:. Although
119:Parke-Davis
96:Area served
27:Parke-Davis
1595:Categories
1553:ViroPharma
1453:Massengill
1181:Ultragenyx
912:Bioverativ
458:References
246:Jonas Salk
219:is on the
123:subsidiary
48:Subsidiary
1503:Qualitest
1373:CancerVax
1156:Sheffield
1146:RespireRx
1141:Regeneron
992:Intercept
972:Genentech
962:Eli Lilly
947:CytoSport
937:Ceragenix
658:March 20,
594:March 20,
509:March 20,
321:dyspepsia
276:Neurontin
272:off-label
268:marketing
144:in 2000.
100:Worldwide
1383:CoTherix
1378:Cephalon
1261:Covidien
1251:Allergan
1241:Alkermes
1161:Spectrum
1029:McKesson
922:Biovista
902:BioCryst
677:Archived
484:July 17,
394:Dilantin
390:epilepsy
383:ketamine
297:Products
280:epilepsy
182:Michigan
88:Michigan
72:Founders
54:Industry
1538:Trubion
1388:Covance
1368:Bradley
1317:, 2013)
1315:Ireland
1311:Perrigo
1307:, 2013)
1305:Ireland
1297:, 2012)
1295:Ireland
1287:, 2014)
1285:Ireland
1277:, 2014)
1275:Ireland
1267:, 2007)
1265:Ireland
1257:, 2015)
1255:Ireland
1247:, 2011)
1245:Ireland
1237:, 2013)
1235:Ireland
1231:Actavis
1201:Viatris
1099:Hospira
1089:Ovation
1084:Organon
1079:NovaBay
1064:Moderna
1002:Ethicon
932:Century
917:Biovest
877:Alnylam
872:Alexion
862:Advaxis
840:Current
428:vaccine
416:vaccine
355:cocaine
311:by Dr.
303:amylase
194:Cascara
178:Detroit
148:History
125:of the
84:Detroit
64:Founded
1611:Pfizer
1563:Zonite
1543:Upjohn
1478:Nuvelo
1473:Nereus
1468:Naurex
1393:Cubist
1363:Biolex
1348:Amylin
1215:Former
1196:Vertex
1104:Searle
1094:Pfizer
907:Biogen
897:Baxter
732:
705:
652:Forbes
567:
351:heroin
142:Pfizer
130:Pfizer
111:Pfizer
106:Parent
1558:Wyeth
1548:Verus
1528:Tanox
1508:Rib-X
1483:Ortho
1463:Mylan
1418:Genta
1353:ARIAD
1331:Other
1171:Titan
1136:Quark
982:Ionis
952:CytRx
942:Combe
882:Amgen
867:Alcon
534:(PDF)
349:with
347:Bayer
345:Like
211:is a
121:is a
1433:King
1428:ISTA
1408:Epix
1358:Barr
1338:Alza
730:ISBN
703:ISBN
660:2019
596:2019
565:ISBN
546:(1).
511:2019
486:2020
424:Salk
367:and
67:1866
1533:TAP
1488:OSI
432:DPT
1597::
1438:KV
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