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While the PDF/UA specification is written for software developers, PDF/UA support is of interest to persons with disabilities who require or benefit from assistive technology when reading electronic content. With PDF/UA conforming files, readers and assistive technology, users are guaranteed – so far
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The benefits of PDF/UA extend beyond people with disabilities. With support for PDF/UA, reader software will be able to reliably reflow text onto small screens, provide powerful navigation options, transform text appearance, improve search engine functionality, aid in the selection and copying of
148:
technology. A technical specification intended for developers implementing PDF writing and processing software, PDF/UA provides definitive terms and requirements for accessibility in PDF documents and applications. For those equipped with appropriate software, conformance with PDF/UA ensures
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The PDF Association conducted numerous educational seminars on PDF/UA throughout Europe, North
America and Australia in 2012 and 2013. A book, "PDF/UA in a Nutshell", was produced in both English and German. An informational brochure was also produced in both languages.
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In August 2013 the PDF Association's PDF/UA Competence Center published the
Matterhorn Protocol, a set of 31 checkpoints and 136 failure conditions to help software developers make it easier for document authors to create fully accessible PDF files and forms.
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In 2011 the PDF Association created the PDF/UA Competence Center as a way for vendors to develop educational resources and share experiences regarding implementation of PDF/UA. The
Matterhorn Protocol (see below) is a product of the PDF/UA Competence Center.
284:
In
October 2012 the US Library of Congress added PDF/UA to their list of archivable file formats. The LoC's guidance states that PDF/UA is "...a preferred format for page-oriented content by the Library of Congress."
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The US Committee continued as the main driver of the standard's development through the WD, CD, DIS and FDIS Phases of ISO standards development, with review, comment and balloting by the member bodies of ISO TC 171.
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The PDF/UA project began in 2004 as an AIIM Standards
Committee. The PDF/UA wiki, operated by AIIM, contains agendas, meeting-minutes and public-access documents pertaining to the development of PDF/UA.
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AIIM's US Committee for PDF/UA led development of the document from 2004 until 2010, when the draft became an ISO NWI. Both US and ISO Committees maintain their work on AIIM's PDF Standards wiki.
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The formal name of PDF/UA is "ISO 14289-1 Document management applications -- Electronic document file format enhancement for accessibility -- Part 1: Use of ISO 32000-1 (PDF/UA-1)".
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In
December 2015 the PDF Association's PDF/UA Competence Center unveiled the first public draft of its Tagged PDF Best Practice Guide. Publication is expected by the summer of 2016.
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In June 2014 the PDF Association's PDF/UA Competence Center published the first iteration of the PDF/UA Reference Suite, a set of reference-quality documents conforming to PDF/UA-1.
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ISO 14289-1:2012 (PDF/UA) was published in July, 2012. A minor update (ISO 14289-1:2014) was published in
December 2014. The document is available directly from the ISO's webstore.
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The 2014 update to PDF/UA, published in
December 2014, is the first fully accessible standard ISO has ever published; the PDF file distributed by ISO itself conforms to PDF/UA.
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In general PDF/UA requires Tagged PDF (ISO 32000-1, 14.8), but adds a variety of qualitative requirements, especially regarding semantic correctness of the tags employed:
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Chaired since 2005 by Duff
Johnson, in 2009 AIIM's PDF/UA Committee became the U.S. Committee for ISO/AWI (Accepted Work Item) 14289 with Cherie Ekholm of
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announced its
Proposed Rule for US federal policy on accessibility, commonly known as Section 508. The proposed rule identifies PDF/UA as equivalent to
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Problematic content is prohibited, including illogical headings, the use of color/contrast to convey information, inaccessible JavaScript, and more
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TC 171 SC 2 WG 9 Secretary: Betsy Fanning, Standards Director at 3D PDF Consortium 3D PDF Consortium - The Experts in PDF for Engineering
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Project Leader, International Committee: Duff Johnson, Independent Consultant and Executive Director of the PDF Association
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809:"NVDA goes PDF/UA! The PDF Association Steps Up to Fund Development of the World's First PDF/UA Conforming Screen Reader"
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Participation by subject matter experts, software developers and other interested parties is invited and encouraged.
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such as screen readers, screen magnifiers, joysticks and other technologies to navigate and read electronic content.
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Adobe Systems, the largest implementer of interactive PDF software, has announced its intention to support PDF/UA.
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U.S. Chair & Spokesperson: Duff Johnson, Independent Consultant and Executive Director of the PDF Association
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Video recordings from the PDF/UA sessions at the PDF Association Technical Conference 2012 in Basel, Switzerland
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PDF/UA complements WCAG 2.0, and should be used to make PDF files that also conform with WCAG 2.0.
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In December 2014 ISO published ISO 14289-1:2014, a minor revision of the original 2012 document.
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Tags must correctly represent the document's semantic structures (headings, lists, tables, etc.)
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AIIM's US Committee for PDF/UA has published the following documents in support of PDF/UA:
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The ability to represent information provided by a PDF/UA conforming reader to the AT user
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The ability to process and represent digital signatures, annotations and Optional Content
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In 2012 and 2013 the PDF Association helped raise money and awareness for NV Access's
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534:"Board Proposes Updated ICT Accessibility Requirements - United States Access Board"
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Work on ISO 14289-2 (PDF/UA-2) is ongoing. PDF/UA-2 will be based on PDF 2.0.
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to further development of the world's first PDF/UA conforming screen reader.
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PDF/UA-1 Technical Implementation Guide: Understanding ISO 14289-1 (PDF/UA-1)
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PDF/UA-1 Technical Implementation Guide: Understanding ISO 32000-1 (PDF 1.7)
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PDF/UA is not a separate file-format but simply a way to use the familiar
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552:"A New Standard for PDF Accessibility: PDF/UA « Adobe Accessibility"
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Security settings must allow assistive technology access to the content
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as the PDF format itself can provide – equal access to information.
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format invented by Adobe Systems and now standardized as ISO 32000.
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Make a PDF document accessible from Adobe InDesign and Acrobat Pro
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673:"PDF/UA-1, PDF Enhancement for Accessibility, Use of ISO 32000-1"
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Requirements for conforming assistive technology (AT) (Clause 9)
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The PDF Association helps promote PDF/UA in a variety of ways.
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Convener, International Committee: Matthew Hardy, Adobe Systems
517:"PDFlib whitepaper: "A Technical Introduction to PDF/UA (PDF)"
503:"What is PDF/UA all about, anyway? « Adobe Accessibility"
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Meaningful graphics must include alternative text descriptions
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The ability to fully process tags and artifacts in PDF files
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Complete tagging of "real content" in logical reading order
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The ability to navigate the document by a variety of means
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The ability to navigate the document by a variety of means
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PDF/UA Competence Center Tagged PDF Best Practice Guide
777:"Technical Implementation Guide PDF/UA and ISO 32000-1"
723:"Sorry, the requested URL was not found on this server"
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AIIM's webstore page for ANSI / AIIM / ISO 14289-1:2016
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Requirements for conforming PDF processors (Clause 8)
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published PDF/UA as an American National Standard:.
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149:accessibility for people with disabilities who use
454:Make a PDF document accessible from Microsoft Word
209:Fonts must be embedded, and text mapped to Unicode
222:The ability to announce relevant actions to users
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691:"WCAG 2.0 and PDF/UA « Adobe Accessibility"
402:
189:Requirements for conforming PDF files (Clause 7)
601:"PDF Techniques | Techniques for WCAG 2.0"
142:International Organization for Standardization
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618:WCAG 2.0 and PDF/UA - your questions answered
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423:ANSI's webstore page for ISO 14289-1:2014
316:Ongoing ISO and AIIM Committee Activities
418:ISO's webstore page for ISO 14289-1:2014
759:"Technical Implementation Guide PDF/UA"
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324:Committee Organization & Leadership
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16:Standard for accessible PDF technology
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459:Advantages and Disadvantages of PDF
439:Accessible PDF: A Glossary of Terms
13:
876:"PDF Association flyers (English)"
433:List of software supporting PDF/UA
395:The Tagged PDF Best Practice Guide
14:
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274:as International Project Leader.
42:'PDF ' (including a single space)
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662:ISO 14289 available from ISO.org
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305:Achieving WCAG 2.0 with PDF/UA
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144:(ISO) standard for accessible
1:
630:"PDF/UA-1:2014 now published"
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403:Seminars, Books and Brochures
844:"The PDF/UA Reference Suite"
7:
164:for "appropriate content".
134:PDF/Universal Accessibility
20:PDF/Universal Accessibility
10:
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3234:Page description languages
3224:Content management systems
795:"PDF/UA Competence Center"
387:The PDF/UA Reference Suite
349:PDF Association Activities
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823:"The Matterhorn Protocol"
156:On February 18, 2015 the
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481:"PDF Standards - PDF/UA"
366:NVDA goes PDF/UA Project
357:PDF/UA Competence Center
378:The Matterhorn Protocol
294:In March 2016 AIIM and
249:Audience & Benefits
569:"PDF/UA in a Nutshell"
435:(no longer maintained)
72:15 July 2012
583:"The PDF/UA Standard"
94:; 9 years ago
92:18 December 2014
3239:Assistive technology
741:"Achieving WCAG 2.0"
632:. December 22, 2014.
538:www.access-board.gov
151:assistive technology
491:on 5 November 2017.
21:
920:by standard number
705:"ISO 14289-1:2014"
644:"ISO 14289-1:2012"
108:Extended from
26:Filename extension
19:
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934:ISO romanizations
846:. PDF Association
825:. PDF Association
679:. March 29, 2019.
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571:. June 16, 2013.
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487:. Archived from
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258:text, and more.
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878:. 18 June 2021.
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3056:27000 series
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848:. Retrieved
838:
827:. Retrieved
817:
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789:
781:www.aiim.org
780:
771:
763:www.aiim.org
762:
753:
745:www.aiim.org
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727:www.aiim.org
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489:the original
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136:), formally
133:
129:
128:
48:Magic number
2844:20000–29999
1996:10000–19999
677:www.loc.gov
168:Description
90:Part 1:2014
3218:Categories
2623:16949 (TS)
2220:11941 (TR)
918:standards
850:2014-06-19
829:2014-06-18
605:www.w3.org
465:References
99:2014-12-18
76:2012-07-15
2578:15926 WIP
1942:9592/9593
1867:9000/9001
1755:8805/8806
272:Microsoft
138:ISO 14289
123:ISO 14289
38:Type code
3203:Category
928:List of
162:WCAG 2.0
140:, is an
119:Standard
3104:29199-2
2976:23094-2
2971:23094-1
2961:23090-3
2830:19794-5
2825:19775-1
2613:16612-2
2603:16355-1
2292:13406-2
2250:12234-2
2018:10118-3
262:History
97: (
74: (
3118:30000+
1957:9797-1
1765:8820-5
1710:8501-1
1266:1073-2
1261:1073-1
945:1–9999
130:PDF/UA
3185:80000
3180:56000
3175:55000
3170:50001
3165:45001
3160:42010
3155:40500
3150:39075
3145:38500
3140:37001
3135:32000
3130:31000
3125:30170
3109:29500
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3086:27729
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3041:26262
3036:26000
3031:25964
3026:25178
3021:24728
3016:24707
3011:24617
3006:24613
3001:24517
2996:23941
2991:23360
2986:23271
2981:23270
2966:23092
2956:23009
2951:23008
2946:23003
2941:23000
2936:22537
2931:22395
2926:22301
2921:22300
2916:22275
2911:22000
2906:21827
2901:21500
2896:21122
2891:21047
2886:21001
2881:21000
2876:20830
2871:20802
2866:20400
2861:20121
2856:20022
2851:20000
2835:19831
2820:19770
2815:19757
2810:19752
2805:19600
2800:19510
2795:19509
2790:19508
2785:19507
2780:19506
2775:19505
2770:19503
2765:19502
2760:19501
2755:19500
2750:19439
2745:19407
2740:19136
2735:19125
2730:19115
2725:19114
2708:19092
2703:19011
2698:19005
2693:18916
2688:18629
2683:18245
2678:18181
2673:18014
2668:18004
2663:17799
2658:17506
2653:17442
2648:17369
2643:17203
2638:17100
2633:17025
2628:17024
2618:16750
2608:16485
2598:16262
2593:16023
2588:15938
2583:15930
2573:15926
2568:15924
2563:15919
2558:15897
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2541:15706
2536:15693
2531:15686
2526:15511
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2516:15438
2511:15445
2494:15444
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2484:15398
2479:15291
2474:15288
2469:15189
2464:15022
2459:14971
2454:14882
2449:14764
2444:14698
2439:14651
2434:14649
2429:14644
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