459:. The distance from the ghetto to Schindler’s Emalia factory had not been very far, but from the Płaszów camp the inmates had to walk several miles. Their workday was already twelve hours long, and Schindler felt sorry for his people. Schindler then applied for a permit to establish a sub-camp of the Plaszow camp on the premises of his factory. He argued that his employees had to walk more than ten kilometers from the camp to the factory every day. Bringing them to the factory would increase its efficiency. His arguments as well as bribes made his plan come to life. In the barracks in Zabłocie, employees of DEF and three neighboring companies producing for the needs of the German army were accommodated. The camp was surrounded by barbed wire, watchtowers were built, and an assembly square was situated between the barracks. The nutritional conditions were much better than in the Płaszow camp, especially due to the cooperation with Polish employees - they contacted people in the city, brought letters and food to the Jewish workers.
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471:, the commandant of the Plaszow camp, was often a guest here. Thanks to Schindler's efforts, the inspections were not so burdensome for the plant employees. It was only after the Płaszow camp was transformed into a concentration camp in January 1944 that the prisoners from Zabłocie were subject to permanent SS control. The work initially lasted 12 hours in a two-shift system, then 8 hours in a three-shift system. As the eastern front approached Kraków, the Germans began to liquidate the camps and prisons in the east of the
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428:, arrived in Kraków. Using the power of the German occupation forces in the capacity of a trustee, he took over the German kitchenware shop on ul. Krakowska, and in November 1939, on the power of the decision of the Trusteeship Authority he took over the receivership of the "Rekord" company in Zabłocie. He also produced ammunition shells, so that his factory would be classed as an essential part of the war effort. He managed to build a subcamp of the
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then that the following were built: the stamping room where metal sheets were processed, prepared and pressed, the deacidification facility (varnishing) where the vessels were bathed in a solution of sulfuric acid to remove all impurities and grease, and the enamel shop, where enamel was laid in a number of layers: the priming coat first, then the colour, and finally another protective coat.
440:- 4 złotys per day for a working woman and 5 złotys per day for a working man. The non-Jewish Poles remained employed mainly in administrative positions. The number of Polish Jewish workers increased from over 150 in 1940 to around 1100 in 1944 (this is the sum of workers from three nearby factories, barracked in the sub-camp at DEF).
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entrepreneurs: Michał Gutman from Bedzin, Izrael Kahn from Kraków, and Wolf Luzer
Glajtman from Olkusz. The partners leased the production halls from the factory of wire, mesh, and iron products with its characteristic sawtooth roofs, and purchased a plot at ul. Lipowa 4 for their future base. It was
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After the war, as early as 1946, the factory was nationalized. In the 1948–2002 period, the former DEF facilities were used by
Krakowskie Zakłady Elektroniczne Unitra-Telpod (later renamed Telpod S.A.), a company manufacturing telecommunications equipment. Only in 2005, the territory returned to the
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contact. Other difficulties included low temperatures in the winter, as well as lice epidemics, which caused mainly dysentery, but also typhus. On the other hand, workers at
Schindler's factory received bigger food portions than in other factories based on forced labour. During the existence of the
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From the very beginning of the factory's operation, Schindler used part of its profits to provide food for its Jewish workers. The working conditions were difficult, especially at the stands at enamel furnaces and at ladles with sulfuric acid, with which the workers (predominantly women) had direct
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In
January 1940, Schindler changed the name of the factory to Deutsche Emailwarenfabrik - DEF. Initially, non-Jewish Poles predominated among the employed workers. Year by year, the number of Jewish Polish workers recruited through the ghetto wage office increased. Schindler in this respect was
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use of the city of Krakow, and since 2007 the exposition of the ‘Krakow
Historical Museum’ called ”Krakow. The period of occupation 1939-1945” has been located here. The museum has the desk and the stairs from the set of
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initially driven by economic reasons—employing Jews significantly decreased the costs of recruitment, as they did not receive any compensation. For each Polish Jewish worker, the factory director paid a small fee to the
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The ownership of the company changed a number of times, and its financial situation continued to worsen. In June 1939, the company applied for insolvency, which was officially announced by the
Regional Court in Kraków.
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855:. Monika Bednarek, Anna Biedrzycka, Kamil Jurewicz, Aleksander Skoblenko, Krystyna Stefaniak, Muzeum Historyczne Miasta Krakowa. Istoričeskij Muzej Groda Krakova.
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382:('Rekord' First Małopolska Factory of Enamel Vessels and Tinware, Limited Liability Company in Kraków) was established in March 1937 by three
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Pierwsza Małopolska
Fabryka Naczyń Emaliowanych i Wyrobów Blaszanych “Rekord,”Spółka z ograniczoną odpowiedzialnością w Krakowie
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Oskar
Schindler : the untold account of his life, wartime activities, and the true story behind the list
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When the ghetto was liquidated in 1943, Kraków Jews who escaped death at that time were transferred to the
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broke out. On 6 September, German troops entered Kraków. It was also probably around that time in which
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factory of enamelware and metal products limited liability company, instituted in March 1937.
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Former office block of
Schindler's enamel factory in 2011, now branch of the
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in the premises where "his" Jews had scarce contact with camp guards.
890:. Viktoria Hertling, Marie Elisabeth Müller. New York: Other Press.
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Oskar
Schindler's Enamel Factory – Branch of the Museum of Kraków
342:, situated at ul. Lipowa 4 (4 Lipowa Street) in the district of
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The production in the factory and the camp was controlled, and
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The road to rescue : the untold story of Schindler's list
936:"DEUTSCHE EMAILWARENFABRIK: Oskar Schindler's Factory today"
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From 1948 to 2002, the factory was used by Unitra-Telpod.
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Reconstruction of the basement where Jews were hidden
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An installation commemorating the destruction of the
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Fabrika "Èmaliâ" Oskara Šindlera : pytevoditel'
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Historical Museum of the City of Krakow - exhibition
48:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
281:Miejskie Przedsiębiorstwo Komunikacyjne w Krakowie
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721:The facade of the former Schindler's Factory
709:Reconstruction of an apartment in the ghetto
786:"Oskar Schindler's Enamel Factory - Kraków"
359:. Operating here before DEF was the first
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108:Learn how and when to remove this message
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575:Desk of Oskar Schindler with a list of
340:Historical Museum of the City of Kraków
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483:, located in the northern part of the
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820:. Cambridge, Mass.: Westview Press.
697:A burned book – symbol of the ghetto
551:Entrance area of the factory in 2013
336:Museum of Contemporary Art in Kraków
330:) is a former metal item factory in
290:how to get there, see external links
46:adding citations to reliable sources
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57:"Oskar Schindler's Enamel Factory"
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934:Chornyi, Maxim (10 March 2019).
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308:/oskar-schindlers-enamel-factory
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921:"Schindler's Factory"
814:Crowe, David (2004).
510:as part of the tour.
481:Reichsgau Sudetenland
399:On 1 September 1939,
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218:50.04740°N 19.96175°E
940:WAR-DOCUMENTARY.INFO
422:and an agent of the
256:Michał Niezabitowski
42:improve this article
563:Photos of survivors
457:Plaszow labour camp
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919:AB Poland Travel.
622:Interactive screen
473:General Government
452:) or Ukrainians.
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223:50.04740; 19.96175
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999:Museums in Kraków
994:Holocaust museums
969:How to get there?
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35:verification
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945:21 December
799:26 December
767:25 February
485:Sudetenland
450:Werkschutzs
347: [
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196:Coordinates
176:Established
978:Categories
739:References
420:Nazi Party
361:Malopolska
209:19°57′42″E
206:50°02′51″N
68:newspapers
906:192134542
871:909690597
477:Brünnlitz
469:Amon Göth
306:/branches
836:55679121
499:Post-war
406:and the
344:Zabłocie
252:Director
190:, Poland
184:Location
514:Gallery
367:History
295:Website
269:Curator
244:Manager
82:scholar
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769:2015
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