665:, 4:28, 362-380, DOI: 10.1179/sre.1938.4.28.362, pages 368, 368: "In 1936 a complete map of the Old City of Jerusalem was published on the scale 1/2,500. The only previous map of the Old City was that made in 1865 by Sir Charles Wilson, previously mentioned. This map is apparently often called by writers the Ordnance Survey of Jerusalem! Anyhow, it proved itself worthy of the title, for Lieut-Col F. J. Salmon states that it was sufficiently accurate to be used as the framing of the new map. The old map showed no more than the streets and principal edifices; the new shows all the structures… Large-scale maps were also undertaken, including a 1/2,500 plan of the Old City of Jerusalem, previously mentioned. Provisional plans of Jerusalem and environs, on a scale of 1/5,000, were drawn and printed, though the survey was held up by the disturbances to a degree which is obviously not overestimated. These will subsequently be reduced to 1/10,000-a general map in demand for the city."
539:, p. 42a: “Of the many institutions involved in surveying and mapping the Orient, the Ordnance Survey might seem the most unlikely. It had developed as the main mapping organization for the British Isles and was placed under the authority of the WO in 1855. Its surveys had been strictly limited to the United Kingdom until that point. Despite this, the institution participated in one of the most systematic mapping projects of the mid- Victorian age in the East. Henry James, its director between 1854 and 1875, was keen to enlarge the scope of its surveys and, in a break with its normal practice, sponsored a survey of Palestine. The first expedition explored Jerusalem in 1864–65.”
208:
29:
278:
Ordnance survey of
Jerusalem / made with the sanction of the Right Hon. Earl de Grey and Ripon, Secretary of State for War, by Captain Charles W. Wilson, R. E., under the direction of Colonel Sir Henry James ... director of the Ordnance Survey. Pub. by authority of the Lords Commissioners of Her
251:
The ancient past of
Jerusalem was no longer a matter for armchair scholarly discourse, turning upon the credibility and background of a given scholar, but had now become a matter for clear-cut scientific rigor, which could only be based on facts obtained in empirical fashion, whether through the
204:, whose primary motivation was to find better drinking water for those living in the city. However, the issue of “water relief” to the city was subsequently sidelined; in the words of Moscrop “the issue just vanishes.” No improvements were made to the water supply until the end of the century.
246:
What is quite clear is that a major change in the character of the exploration of ancient
Jerusalem occurred in the 19th century, with a fascination for the past of the city, fanciful or otherwise, being replaced by that of a scientific concern for the tangible antiquities of the city.
145:. The first meeting of the Fund took place on 22 June 1865, less than a week after the completion of the Ordnance Survey, and Charles Wilson was appointed by the Fund as the Chief Director of their proposed exploration of the rest of Palestine. In July 1866
379:“Institutionalization.” Finding Jerusalem: Archaeology between Science and Ideology, by Katharina Galor, University of California Press, Oakland, California, 2017, pp. 28–42. JSTOR, www.jstor.org/stable/10.1525/j.ctt1pq349g.9.
193:). Dean Stanley had accompanied the Prince of Wales (later Edward VII) on his 1862 trip to Jerusalem; his request was for a survey to find new sources of water to improve the city's water supply.
260:
of the Church
Mission Society and two assistants. Sandreczki's list, which included the names written in Arabic, is an invaluable resource as it contains many items that have otherwise been lost.
219:
made clear at the first public meeting of the PEF on 22 June 1865, the
Ordnance Survey had been conducted “under the auspices of the War Department and with the sanction of the Government”
201:
121:
During the resulting search, he produced "the first perfectly accurate map , even in the eyes of modern cartography", and identified the eponymous
383:
Gibson, Shimon (2011). "British
Archaeological Work in Jerusalem between 1865–1967: An Assessment". In Katharina Galor and Gideon Avni (ed.).
38:
186:
107:
57:
34:
775:
513:
492:
469:
436:
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320:
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One of the survey's most significant aspects was that it was the first work to investigate the underground features of the
118:
began their work on 3 October 1864. The work was completed on 16 June 1865, and the report was published on 29 March 1866.
780:
103:
196:
The cost of providing the Royal
Engineers surveyors (Wilson and his team) was covered by the British Government's
765:
207:
122:
701:, p. 26-27: Gibson quotes: “Public Meeting, June 22nd 1865,” PEF Proceedings and Notes, 1865–69: 7"
190:
142:
111:
95:
770:
598:
200:. The introduction to the survey stated that the ÂŁ500 cost of the survey was funded by the wealthy
149:
described the
Ordnance Survey as a "sort of pre-historic stage of our Palestine Exploration Fund".
80:
294:
The
Recovery of Jerusalem: A Narrative of Exploration and Discovery in the City and the Holy Land
182:
658:
355:"The Impact of "Biblical Orientalism" in Late Nineteenth and Early Twentieth-Century Palestine"
343:"British Archaeology and the Holy Land in the 19th Century: sources and a framework for study'"
171:
146:
88:
67:
649:, p. 29: Gibson cites: “Report, July 23rd 1866,” PEF Proceedings and Notes, 1865–69: 19".
503:
459:
292:
159:
28:
449:(1980). "Introduction: The Ordnance Survey and its contribution to the study of Jerusalem".
312:
Measuring
Jerusalem: The Palestine Exploration Fund and British Interests in the Holy Land
8:
216:
175:
154:
242:
summed up the legacy of the Ordnance Survey of Jerusalem as follows (underline added):
134:
152:
It was the most influential and reliable map of Jerusalem until the British Mandate's
509:
488:
465:
432:
411:
390:
316:
138:
said that Wilson's efforts "served as the basis for all future Jerusalem research".
366:
179:
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The Ordnance Survey conducted by Wilson in 1864 and 1865 marks this turning point.
505:
Dislocating the Orient: British Maps and the Making of the Middle East, 1854-1921
480:
426:
405:
331:
310:
276:
257:
115:
92:
84:
407:
Mapping the Holy Land: The Foundation of a Scientific Cartography of Palestine
354:
759:
239:
132:
described it as "a watershed in the exploration of Jerusalem and its past",.
371:
386:
Unearthing Jerusalem: 150 Years of Archaeological Research in the Holy City
228:
99:
256:
The names of streets, buildings and points of interest were collected by
252:
taking of exact measurements, photography, or excavations in the ground.
197:
141:
The survey provided the foundation and impetus for the creation of the
659:
PALESTINE: ANNUAL REPORT, 1936, OF THE DEPARTMENT OF LANDS AND SURVEYS
446:
404:
Schelhaas, Bruno; Faehndrich, Jutta; Goren, Haim (28 February 2017).
129:
106:, as Superintendent of the Ordnance Survey, and with the sanction of
33:
Front page of the Ordnance Survey of Jerusalem, illustrated with the
384:
342:
333:
The work of the Ordnance Survey outside Great Britain and Ireland
87:
to take place outside the United Kingdom. It was undertaken by
551:
425:
Seymour, W. A. (1980). "The Surveys of Jerusalem and Sinai".
485:
City of the Great King: Jerusalem from David to the Present
481:"The Image of the Holy City: Maps and Mapping of Jerusalem"
461:
Finding Jerusalem: Archaeology Between Science and Ideology
283:
728:
291:
Wilson, Sir Charles William; Warren, Sir Charles (1871).
692:
621:
619:
668:
170:
The catalyst for the survey was an 1864 petition from
680:
530:
716:
616:
580:
578:
704:
640:
563:
202:Angela Burdett-Coutts, 1st Baroness Burdett-Coutts
740:
575:
235:), such as its cisterns, channels and aqueducts.
757:
557:
478:
178:), representing a committee which included the
125:. He was unable to find a new source of water.
453:(Facsilime ed.). Ariel Publishing House.
734:
274:
27:
370:
479:Levy-Rubin, Milka; Rubin, Rehav (1996).
206:
686:
674:
625:
536:
501:
424:
389:. Pennsylvania State University Press.
308:
158:, which published a 1:2,500 map of the
758:
722:
698:
646:
569:
382:
309:Moscrop, John James (1 January 2000).
275:Wilson, Charles; James, Henry (1865).
187:George Robinson, 1st Marquess of Ripon
108:George Robinson, 1st Marquess of Ripon
58:The National Archives (United Kingdom)
746:
710:
652:
596:
584:
457:
445:
352:
302:
79:of 1864–65 was the first scientific
39:full pdf of the Ordnance Survey here
597:Glatt, Benjamin (25 October 2016).
347:Britain and the Holy Land 1800–1914
13:
458:Galor, Katharina (24 March 2017).
268:
231:(referred to in the survey as the
14:
792:
502:Foliard, Daniel (13 April 2017).
128:Over a century after the survey,
428:A History of the Ordnance Survey
508:. University of Chicago Press.
263:
91:, a 28-year-old officer in the
631:
590:
542:
1:
548:Ordnance Survey, pp. 1, 2, 16
523:
776:19th-century maps and globes
487:. Harvard University Press.
464:. Univ of California Press.
451:Ordnance Survey of Jerusalem
77:Ordnance Survey of Jerusalem
22:Ordnance Survey of Jerusalem
16:1864–65 mapping of Jerusalem
7:
558:Levy-Rubin & Rubin 1996
483:. In Nitza Rosovsky (ed.).
10:
797:
781:Palestine Exploration Fund
359:New Middle Eastern Studies
191:Secretary of State for War
165:
143:Palestine Exploration Fund
112:Secretary of State for War
410:. Bloomsbury Publishing.
222:
102:, under the authority of
63:
53:
45:
26:
21:
330:H. E. M. Newman (1958).
735:Wilson & James 1865
372:10.29311/nmes.v4i0.2641
353:Kamel, Lorenzo (2014).
284:H. M. Stationery Office
183:Archibald Campbell Tait
637:Ordnance Survey, p.2-3
254:
212:
172:Arthur Penrhyn Stanley
89:Charles William Wilson
68:Charles William Wilson
766:Old maps of Jerusalem
599:"Surveying Jerusalem"
244:
210:
160:Old City of Jerusalem
663:Empire Survey Review
81:mapping of Jerusalem
217:Austen Henry Layard
176:Dean of Westminster
155:Survey of Palestine
35:Chain Gate fountain
603:The Jerusalem Post
336:. Ordnance Survey.
279:Majesty's Treasury
213:
135:The Jerusalem Post
114:. The team of six
515:978-0-226-45147-3
494:978-0-674-36708-1
471:978-0-520-29525-4
438:978-0-7129-0979-2
417:978-0-85772-785-5
396:978-1-57506-223-5
341:Chapman, Rupert,
322:978-0-7185-0220-1
315:. A&C Black.
303:Secondary sources
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269:Primary sources
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258:Carl Sandreczki
233:Haram As-Sharif
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116:Royal Engineers
104:Sir Henry James
93:Royal Engineers
85:Ordnance Survey
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17:
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677:, p. 154.
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737:, p. 18.
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689:, p. 42.
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687:Foliard 2017
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675:Seymour 1980
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626:Moscrop 2000
606:. Retrieved
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587:, p. 1.
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264:Bibliography
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147:Dean Stanley
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127:
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100:British Army
76:
74:
723:Gibson 2011
699:Gibson 2011
647:Gibson 2011
570:Gibson 2011
760:Categories
747:Bahat 1980
711:Galor 2017
608:17 January
585:Bahat 1980
524:References
447:Bahat, Dan
431:. Dawson.
198:War Office
162:in 1936.
130:Dan Bahat
64:Author(s)
54:Location
166:History
98:of the
49:1864–65
46:Created
512:
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435:
414:
393:
319:
223:Legacy
37:. See
189:(the
185:, to
174:(the
96:corps
610:2020
510:ISBN
489:ISBN
466:ISBN
433:ISBN
412:ISBN
391:ISBN
317:ISBN
75:The
367:doi
215:As
110:as
762::
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365:.
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