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translations like the Septuagint. In order to overcome this, researches have come up with methods to use the very few manuscripts we have and continually draw conclusions and compare to original texts using those conclusions to provide more reliability to available texts. In order to indicate if a translation is authentic or not, it is crucial to look for keywords that may seem unique and that are not translated from a root language such as Hebrew or any of the other original languages. This shows that there are many other languages present in the translations that seems as if it was reinvented over and over again. However, it is normal to see such a change, and it shows the difference between the original writings versus the final outcome of the translations. Although the Bible was originally written in Hebrew, it was first translated into Old Greek in the 3rd century BC. This was still translated into the Old Testament. However, when the Bible was translated into the New Testament, it was now in Greek, or in other words, Koine Greek which is also known as Biblical Greek.
1497:. The use of terms like "myth" vs "history" also creates controversy due to some connotations that each word has. Oftentimes "myth" or "mythical" texts are seen as not true stories, where as "history" or "historical" texts are seen as fact. Mythical stories can also sometimes be seen as stories which serve some sort of religious or moral lesson, but are not necessarily true, however this does not mean that true historical stories do not have religious and moral lessons that accompany them. These views on myth and history are examples of a few difficulties when it comes to analyzing the Old Testament as a historical text. 1215:
analyze within the text itself, which is referred to as internal criticism. External criticism focuses on the source and dates of text and what type of text it is (in the New Testament, that is mostly a gospel account or a letter to a church or person). Internal criticism focuses specifically on the content and nature of the texts. Things like the literary style and the theology of the author may affect how one reads the text. That may require some external criticism knowledge since who the author is will shine light on why they may be saying what they are saying.
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asks when and where a particular text originated; how, why, by whom, for whom, and in what circumstances it was produced; what influences were at work in its production; what sources were used in its composition; and what message it was intended to convey. It varies slightly depending on whether the focus is on the
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is very different from the other books of the Bible, drawing need for additional analysis to determine whether it should be read literally or symbolically. The goals of the author of the book (John) also have implications toward how one reads the book. If one reads Revelation as a literal unfolding
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Biblical criticism is the scholarly "study and investigation of biblical writings that seeks to make discerning judgments about these writings". Viewing biblical texts as being ordinary pieces of literature, rather than set apart from other literature, as in the traditional view, biblical criticism
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There are few original Old Testament/Hebrew Bible manuscripts, and while the ancient translations (such as the Septuagint) are available, there comes a problem with comparing the translation to the original Hebrew (because we have it). This may lead to problems of establishing the reliability of
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Textual criticism is a branch of textual scholarship, philology, and literary criticism that is concerned with the identification and removal of transcription errors in texts, both manuscripts and printed books. Ancient scribes made errors or alterations when copying manuscripts by hand. Given a
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This is particularly important when applied to the person of Jesus Christ and the Gospels in the New Testament. Many people agree that Jesus was a real historical person, but whether he was truly the Son of God is debatable among many people, and this distinction proves to be important for one's
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When it comes to textually analyzing and criticizing the New Testament, there are a couple of eclectic approaches to understanding the text on a deeper level. External criticism in the context of biblical studies involves understanding the who, what, and when of New Testament texts. It does not
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New Testament historical analysis is also difficult due to the nature of the original texts that we can analyze, specifically their translatability as well as how oral tradition had effects on written tradition during the formation and canonization of gospel texts and the teachings of Jesus.
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is the explanation or interpretation of the scriptures traditionally known as The Bible. Much biblical exegesis is founded upon historical-literary dynamics, either using scripture to interpret history and science, or using science and history to interpret scripture.
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Old Testament texts were not written in the same context, and due to their ancient nature have few additional resources to refer to for common themes in rhetoric and literature. There are many abstract text styles in the Old Testament, including historical accounts,
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There are three fundamental approaches to textual criticism: eclecticism, stemmatics, and copy-text editing. Techniques from the biological discipline of cladistics are currently also being used to determine the relationships between manuscripts.
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Historical research has often dominated modern biblical studies. Biblical scholars usually try to interpret a particular text within its original historical context and use whatever information is available to reconstruct that setting.
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It also addresses the physical text, including the meaning of the words and the way in which they are used and its preservation, history and integrity. Biblical criticism draws upon a wide range of scholarly disciplines, including
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defines the field as a set of various, and in some cases independent disciplines for the study of the collection of ancient texts generally known as the Bible. These disciplines include but are not limited to
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was compiled from four different written sources, and different reconstructions of "the historical Jesus", which are based primarily on the differences between the canonical Gospels.
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New Testament and Old Testament rhetorical analysis differ because of the context in which they were written. The New Testament was written during a time that had many new
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There is much controversy around using the Bible as a historical source. The Old Testament is supposed to serve as a continuous account of the establishment of
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Additionally, one's view of the scriptures as sacred and written by God or as a historical text has implications on one's interpretation of text.
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of the end times vs reading Revelation as a highly symbolic book, there will be different outcomes in the interpretation of particular sections.
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3 vols., eds. P. R. Ackroyd, C. F. Evans, S. L. Greenslade and G. W. H. Lampe. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1963, 1969, 1970.
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manuscript copy, several or many copies, but not the original document, the textual critic seeks to reconstruct the original text (the
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or Greek Old Testament. Therefore, Hebrew, Greek and sometimes Aramaic continue to be taught in most universities, colleges and
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Greenspahn, Frederick E. "Biblical Scholars, Medieval and Modern," in J. Neusner et al. (eds.),
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are real historical figures, there comes trouble when seeking to affirm or deny events like the
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Several academic associations and societies promote research in the field. The largest is the
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The Eclipse of Biblical Narrative: A Study in Eighteenth and Nineteenth Century Hermeneutics.
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The phrase "lower criticism" is used to describe the contrast between textual criticism and "
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interpretation of texts and whether the Gospels should be read literally or symbolically.
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Students of the Covenant: A History of Jewish Biblical Scholarship in North America.
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The Bible and the Third World: Precolonial, Colonial, and Postcolonial Encounters.
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Between Faith and Criticism: Evangelicals, Scholarship, and the Bible in America.
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Journal of the Australasian Universities Language and Literature Association
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The Pentateuch in the Twentieth Century: The Legacy of Julius Wellhausen.
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List of biblical figures identified in extra-biblical sources
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The Bible in Modern Culture: Baruch Spinoza to Brevard Childs
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The Invention of the Biblical Scholar: A Critical Manifesto.
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The Authority of the Bible and the Rise of the Modern World.
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The Bible, Protestantism, and the Rise of Natural Science.
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are variously written in Hebrew, Greek or Aramaic. The
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The Hebrew Bible, the textual basis of the Christian
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by J. W. Rogerson and Judith M. Lieu (May 18, 2006)
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Philadelphia: Fortress/Chico: Scholars Press, 1985.
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Unsourced material may be challenged and 4783: 4769: 4593: 4579: 2721: 2707: 2479: 2406: 2392: 2320:"European Association of Biblical Studies" 1651:with strong programs in biblical studies. 1619:, although a few chapters were written in 839: 825: 4698:List of burial places of biblical figures 4688:List of artifacts in biblical archaeology 4600: 2142: 2129:Grishchenko, Alexander Igorevich (2022). 2096:Scandinavian Journal of the Old Testament 2046:Scandinavian Journal of the Old Testament 1977: 1599:Learn how and when to remove this message 1445:Learn how and when to remove this message 1305:Learn how and when to remove this message 1075:Learn how and when to remove this message 960:Learn how and when to remove this message 134:Learn how and when to remove this message 1859: 932:Relevant discussion may be found on the 2496:Allegorical interpretation of the Bible 2264:Sherwood, Yvonne and Stephen D. Moore. 2231:. 2nd ed. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 2001. 2003:"The Present State of Biblical Studies" 1820: 1767: 1716:The Oxford Handbook of Biblical Studies 1711: 1709: 1707: 1705: 1627:removed from the Old Testament in some 14: 5776: 4790: 4151:Conditional preservation of the saints 3960: 2728: 2000: 1909: 1749: 1729: 1199:, poetic texts, praise texts (such as 944:to additional sources at this section. 4764: 4683:Historical reliability of the Gospels 4574: 4009: 3959: 3859: 3684: 2702: 2387: 2215:Judaic Perspectives on Ancient Israel 2137:. Firenze University Press: 285–300. 2089: 2039: 1959: 1504: 1120: 1111:American Schools of Oriental Research 1016: 1816: 1814: 1702: 1537:adding citations to reliable sources 1508: 1383:adding citations to reliable sources 1354: 1283:adding citations to reliable sources 1250: 1246: 1218: 1099:Canadian Society of Biblical Studies 1053:adding citations to reliable sources 1020: 909: 72:adding citations to reliable sources 43: 5715:Other books referenced in the Bible 5674:New Testament manuscript categories 4626:History of ancient Israel and Judah 4037:Christian views on the Old Covenant 3685: 2184:The Cambridge History of the Bible, 1350: 974:Oxford Handbook of Biblical Studies 24: 5245:Testaments of the Three Patriarchs 2177: 925:relies largely or entirely upon a 25: 5795: 4468:Attributes of God in Christianity 4010: 2551:Internal consistency of the Bible 2288: 1966:Church, Communication and Culture 1953: 1811: 1768:Schlimm, Matthew R. (July 2007). 1001:, the history of interpretation, 4703:List of Hebrew Bible manuscripts 4644: 4552: 2308:"Society of Biblical Literature" 2284:Cambridge: Cambridge U.P., 2001. 2224:Cambridge: Cambridge U.P., 2001. 1878:10.1179/2046572615Z.2015.1117806 1513: 1359: 1255: 1025: 914: 808: 165: 48: 27:The study of the Christian Bible 5730:Biblical and Quranic narratives 2296:"Catholic Biblical Association" 2122: 2083: 2072:from the original on 2023-04-17 2033: 2001:CONRAD, EDGAR W. (2000-11-01). 1942:from the original on 2023-04-15 1892:from the original on 2023-04-21 1800:from the original on 2023-04-15 1738:by Steve Moyise (Oct 27, 2004) 1524:needs additional citations for 1370:needs additional citations for 1107:Institute for Biblical Research 1103:Evangelical Theological Society 804:Outline of Bible-related topics 59:needs additional citations for 4636:Jesus in comparative mythology 4631:Quest for the historical Jesus 4541:Lists of Christian theologians 4239:Separation of church and state 1994: 1903: 1860:Williams, Duane (2015-07-03). 1853: 1761: 1094:Journal of Biblical Literature 1089:Society of Biblical Literature 513:Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia 13: 1: 4713:List of New Testament uncials 4546:Outline of Christian theology 3510:History of Christian theology 2413: 2332:"Academic Bible online texts" 2275:Atlanta Scholars Press, 1992. 2108:10.1080/09018328.2020.1805207 2090:Tully, Eric J. (2020-07-02). 1979:10.1080/23753234.2022.2098788 1910:Snyder, Lee (November 2000). 1695: 1115:Catholic Biblical Association 905: 640:Historical-grammatical method 4708:List of New Testament papyri 4320:Baptism with the Holy Spirit 1960:Jódar, Carlos (2022-07-03). 1821:DELOBEL, JOËL (2002-01-01). 32:Bible study (disambiguation) 7: 4488:Love of God in Christianity 4356:Christian reconstructionism 4124:Priesthood of all believers 3045:extra Ecclesiam nulla salus 2506:The Bible and homosexuality 2144:10.36253/Studi_Slavis-12184 2040:Wyatt, N. (November 2008). 2019:10.1179/aulla.2000.94.1.007 1916:Quarterly Journal of Speech 1658: 1629:Protestant Christian Bibles 10: 5800: 5710:English Bible translations 5098:Song of the Three Children 1866:Medieval Mystical Theology 1685:Doctor of Biblical Studies 1675:Bible study (Christianity) 1470:, which suggests that the 1316: 1124: 894:, historical backgrounds, 635:Allegorical interpretation 36: 29: 5748: 5692: 5610: 5564: 5462: 5307: 5270: 5235: 5206: 5168: 5113: 5020: 5004: 4802: 4747: 4726: 4653: 4642: 4608: 4536: 4460: 4417: 4384: 4343: 4310: 4247: 4219: 4176: 4022: 4018: 4005: 3968: 3955: 3868: 3855: 3693: 3680: 3671: 3598: 3520:Calvinist–Arminian debate 3500: 3356: 3259: 3199: 2984: 2975: 2927: 2860: 2802: 2793: 2745: 2736: 2675: 2644: 2636:Witchcraft and divination 2576: 2488: 2477: 2438: 2421: 2257:Reventlow, Henning Graf. 2201:Reading the New Testament 2058:10.1080/09018320802661168 1928:10.1080/00335630009384307 1786:10.1080/15358590701480515 1756:Harper's Bible Dictionary 4678:Historicity of the Bible 4257:Confessional Lutheranism 2461:Historicity of the Bible 2378:– via archive.org. 2343:Roland H. Worth (2002). 2247:Oxford: Clarendon, 1998. 1187:ideas on literature and 525:Novum Testamentum Graece 327:Composition of the Torah 5572:Intertestamental period 4119:Protestant ecclesiology 3862:Eastern Orthodox Church 2466:Chronology of the Bible 2338:. German Bible Society. 2254:Harper & Row, 1986. 1774:Review of Communication 1680:Chronology of the Bible 5556:Apocalyptic literature 5193:Paralipomena of Baruch 4734:Criticism of the Bible 4473:Christian universalism 4409:Wesleyan Quadrilateral 4399:Imparted righteousness 4282:Lutheran scholasticism 4136:Protestant Soteriology 2546:Criticism of the Bible 2541:Muhammad and the Bible 2511:The Bible and violence 2193:New Haven: Yale, 1974. 1625:Deuterocanonical books 1468:documentary hypothesis 1462:aims to determine the 788:Criticism of the Bible 531:Documentary hypothesis 5720:Additional Scriptures 5684:New Testament uncials 4602:The Bible and history 4483:Grace in Christianity 4297:Theology of the Cross 3738:Immaculate Conception 3433:New Covenant theology 2852:Social trinitarianism 2556:Biblical hermeneutics 2516:The Bible and slavery 2203:. London: MacMillan. 1665:Biblical hermeneutics 1491:creation of the world 995:cultural anthropology 541:NT textual categories 39:New Testament Studies 18:Old Testament studies 5705:Bible version debate 5679:New Testament papyri 5625:Samaritan Pentateuch 5250:Testament of Abraham 5188:1, 2, and 3 Meqabyan 4666:Historicity of Jesus 4661:Biblical archaeology 4404:Second work of grace 4394:Christian perfection 4262:Evangelical Catholic 4146:Conditional election 4064:Evangelical theology 3703:Apostolic succession 3019:Conditional Security 2594:Crime and punishment 2526:Alcohol in the Bible 2501:The Bible and ethics 2300:catholicbiblical.org 2271:Sperling, S. David. 2242:Nicholson, Ernest W. 1839:10.2143/BIJ.63.1.794 1533:improve this article 1460:Historical criticism 1379:improve this article 1279:improve this section 1209:letters, or epistles 1170:comparative religion 1049:improve this section 979:historical criticism 938:improve this article 900:comparative religion 876:historical criticism 858:to the study of the 488:Internal consistency 394:Samaritan Pentateuch 68:improve this article 30:For other uses, see 5647:Muratorian fragment 5582:New Testament canon 5577:Old Testament canon 5470:Chapters and verses 5088:Additions to Daniel 5054:Additions to Esther 4559:Christianity portal 4528:Unlimited atonement 4335:Prosperity theology 4166:Unlimited atonement 3878:Cataphatic theology 3783:Papal infallibility 3728:Ecumenical Councils 3580:Counter-Reformation 2531:Ethics in the Bible 2521:The Bible and humor 2279:Sugirtharajah, R.S. 322:New Testament canon 317:Old Testament canon 245:Chapters and verses 5260:Testament of Jacob 5255:Testament of Isaac 5140:Prayer of Manasseh 5103:Bel and the Dragon 5083:Letter of Jeremiah 4739:Christ myth theory 4616:Biblical criticism 4371:Lordship salvation 4277:Lutheran orthodoxy 4229:Believer's baptism 3962:Oriental Orthodoxy 3873:Apophatic theology 3833:Transubstantiation 3718:Christian humanism 3708:Assumption of Mary 2730:Christian theology 2536:Women in the Bible 2471:Biblical authority 2446:Biblical criticism 1641:Aramaic undertones 1548:"Biblical studies" 1505:Original languages 1394:"Biblical studies" 1237:Book of Revelation 1127:Biblical criticism 1121:Biblical criticism 1017:Academic societies 892:literary criticism 793:Biblical authority 674:Capital punishment 550:Biblical criticism 519:Rahlfs' Septuagint 223:New Testament (NT) 218:Old Testament (OT) 83:"Biblical studies" 5771: 5770: 5740:Textual criticism 5303: 5302: 5227:Psalms of Solomon 5170:Orthodox Tewahedo 4758: 4757: 4568: 4567: 4456: 4455: 4452: 4451: 4448: 4447: 4435:Messianic Judaism 4234:Immersion baptism 4186:Anglo-Catholicism 4047:Dispensationalism 4042:Covenant theology 4001: 4000: 3993:Aphthartodocetism 3951: 3950: 3851: 3850: 3496: 3495: 3376:Dispensationalism 3343:Church discipline 3195: 3194: 3175:Union with Christ 2947:Angelic hierarchy 2923: 2922: 2696: 2695: 2336:AcademicBible.com 2220:Harrison, Peter. 1670:Biblical theology 1609: 1608: 1601: 1583: 1455: 1454: 1447: 1429: 1319:Textual criticism 1315: 1314: 1307: 1247:Textual criticism 1219:Biblical exegesis 1146:canonical gospels 1140:, the letters of 1085: 1084: 1077: 991:textual criticism 970: 969: 962: 888:textual criticism 849: 848: 664:Conspiracy theory 593: 592: 332:Mosaic authorship 144: 143: 136: 118: 16:(Redirected from 5791: 5784:Biblical studies 5620:Dead Sea Scrolls 5602:Dating the Bible 5480:Historical books 5117:Eastern Orthodox 5030:Eastern Orthodox 5018: 5017: 5011: 4785: 4778: 4771: 4762: 4761: 4718:Historical Jesus 4648: 4621:Biblical studies 4595: 4588: 4581: 4572: 4571: 4556: 4348: 4156:Prevenient grace 4020: 4019: 4007: 4006: 3957: 3956: 3888:Essence–energies 3857: 3856: 3798:Quartodecimanism 3682: 3681: 3678: 3677: 3590:Great Awakenings 3225:Incurvatus in se 2982: 2981: 2879:Hypostatic union 2800: 2799: 2770:Biblical studies 2743: 2742: 2723: 2716: 2709: 2700: 2699: 2561:African American 2483: 2451:Biblical studies 2408: 2401: 2394: 2385: 2384: 2379: 2377: 2375: 2339: 2327: 2315: 2303: 2171: 2170: 2168: 2167: 2146: 2135:Studi Slavistici 2126: 2120: 2119: 2087: 2081: 2080: 2078: 2077: 2037: 2031: 2030: 1998: 1992: 1991: 1981: 1957: 1951: 1950: 1948: 1947: 1907: 1901: 1900: 1898: 1897: 1857: 1851: 1850: 1818: 1809: 1808: 1806: 1805: 1765: 1759: 1753: 1747: 1733: 1727: 1713: 1639:, with possible 1621:Biblical Aramaic 1604: 1597: 1593: 1590: 1584: 1582: 1541: 1517: 1509: 1450: 1443: 1439: 1436: 1430: 1428: 1387: 1363: 1355: 1351:Biblical history 1345:higher criticism 1310: 1303: 1299: 1296: 1290: 1259: 1251: 1150:historical Jesus 1080: 1073: 1069: 1066: 1060: 1029: 1021: 965: 958: 954: 951: 945: 918: 917: 910: 852:Biblical studies 841: 834: 827: 815:Bible portal 813: 812: 811: 536:Synoptic problem 460: 459: 455:Biblical studies 384:Dead Sea scrolls 345:Petrine epistles 340:Pauline epistles 169: 146: 145: 139: 132: 128: 125: 119: 117: 76: 52: 44: 21: 5799: 5798: 5794: 5793: 5792: 5790: 5789: 5788: 5774: 5773: 5772: 5767: 5744: 5688: 5606: 5597:Christian canon 5560: 5495:Prophetic books 5458: 5389:2 Thessalonians 5384:1 Thessalonians 5299: 5266: 5231: 5202: 5164: 5123: 5109: 5037: 5009: 5008: 5000: 4811: 4807: 4798: 4789: 4759: 4754: 4743: 4722: 4649: 4640: 4609:General studies 4604: 4599: 4569: 4564: 4532: 4523:Problem of Hell 4518:Problem of evil 4498:Omnibenevolence 4444: 4413: 4380: 4346: 4339: 4306: 4287:Neo-Lutheranism 4272:Loci Theologici 4243: 4215: 4172: 4161:Total depravity 4129:Church covenant 4100:Soli Deo gloria 4052:Supersessionism 4014: 3997: 3964: 3947: 3864: 3847: 3689: 3687:Catholic Church 3667: 3594: 3545:Semipelagianism 3492: 3403:A-millennialism 3352: 3255: 3251:Total depravity 3231:Occasion of sin 3191: 2971: 2919: 2856: 2832:Theology proper 2789: 2732: 2727: 2697: 2692: 2671: 2645:Christian Bible 2640: 2572: 2484: 2475: 2434: 2417: 2412: 2373: 2371: 2361: 2330: 2318: 2306: 2294: 2291: 2268:Fortress, 2011. 2180: 2178:Further reading 2175: 2174: 2165: 2163: 2127: 2123: 2088: 2084: 2075: 2073: 2038: 2034: 1999: 1995: 1958: 1954: 1945: 1943: 1908: 1904: 1895: 1893: 1858: 1854: 1819: 1812: 1803: 1801: 1766: 1762: 1754: 1750: 1734: 1730: 1714: 1703: 1698: 1661: 1635:was written in 1617:Biblical Hebrew 1605: 1594: 1588: 1585: 1542: 1540: 1530: 1518: 1507: 1451: 1440: 1434: 1431: 1388: 1386: 1376: 1364: 1353: 1321: 1311: 1300: 1294: 1291: 1276: 1260: 1249: 1221: 1129: 1123: 1081: 1070: 1064: 1061: 1046: 1030: 1019: 966: 955: 949: 946: 940:by introducing 931: 919: 915: 908: 872:ancient history 845: 809: 807: 806: 798: 797: 784: 770: 748: 740: 739: 738: 654: 630: 603: 595: 594: 589: 508: 492: 481: 457: 447: 446: 445: 378: 377: 358: 357: 353:Johannine works 349: 313: 293: 292: 289:and development 276: 275: 274: 241: 227: 213: 186: 185: 140: 129: 123: 120: 77: 75: 65: 53: 42: 35: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 5797: 5787: 5786: 5769: 5768: 5766: 5765: 5760: 5755: 5749: 5746: 5745: 5743: 5742: 5737: 5735:Synod of Hippo 5732: 5727: 5722: 5717: 5712: 5707: 5702: 5696: 5694: 5690: 5689: 5687: 5686: 5681: 5676: 5671: 5669:Masoretic Text 5666: 5661: 5654: 5649: 5644: 5637: 5632: 5627: 5622: 5616: 5614: 5608: 5607: 5605: 5604: 5599: 5594: 5589: 5584: 5579: 5574: 5568: 5566: 5562: 5561: 5559: 5558: 5553: 5552: 5551: 5546: 5541: 5536: 5526: 5525: 5524: 5519: 5509: 5508: 5507: 5505:Minor prophets 5502: 5500:Major prophets 5492: 5482: 5477: 5472: 5466: 5464: 5460: 5459: 5457: 5456: 5451: 5446: 5441: 5436: 5431: 5426: 5421: 5416: 5411: 5406: 5401: 5396: 5391: 5386: 5381: 5374: 5369: 5364: 5359: 5354: 5349: 5344: 5339: 5334: 5329: 5324: 5319: 5313: 5311: 5305: 5304: 5301: 5300: 5298: 5297: 5292: 5287: 5286: 5285: 5278:Pseudepigrapha 5274: 5272: 5271:Classification 5268: 5267: 5265: 5264: 5263: 5262: 5257: 5252: 5241: 5239: 5233: 5232: 5230: 5229: 5224: 5219: 5217:Psalms 152–155 5213: 5211: 5204: 5203: 5201: 5200: 5195: 5190: 5185: 5180: 5174: 5172: 5166: 5165: 5163: 5162: 5157: 5152: 5147: 5142: 5137: 5132: 5126: 5124: 5122: 5121: 5118: 5114: 5111: 5110: 5108: 5107: 5106: 5105: 5100: 5095: 5085: 5076: 5071: 5066: 5061: 5056: 5051: 5046: 5040: 5038: 5036: 5035: 5032: 5027: 5021: 5015: 5002: 5001: 4999: 4998: 4993: 4988: 4983: 4978: 4973: 4968: 4963: 4958: 4953: 4948: 4943: 4938: 4933: 4928: 4923: 4918: 4913: 4908: 4903: 4898: 4893: 4888: 4883: 4878: 4873: 4871:1–2 Chronicles 4868: 4863: 4858: 4853: 4848: 4843: 4838: 4833: 4828: 4823: 4817: 4815: 4800: 4799: 4788: 4787: 4780: 4773: 4765: 4756: 4755: 4748: 4745: 4744: 4742: 4741: 4736: 4730: 4728: 4724: 4723: 4721: 4720: 4715: 4710: 4705: 4700: 4695: 4690: 4685: 4680: 4675: 4674: 4673: 4663: 4657: 4655: 4651: 4650: 4643: 4641: 4639: 4638: 4633: 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4044: 4034: 4028: 4026: 4016: 4015: 4003: 4002: 3999: 3998: 3996: 3995: 3990: 3985: 3980: 3975: 3969: 3966: 3965: 3953: 3952: 3949: 3948: 3946: 3945: 3940: 3935: 3930: 3925: 3920: 3915: 3910: 3905: 3900: 3895: 3890: 3885: 3880: 3875: 3869: 3866: 3865: 3853: 3852: 3849: 3848: 3846: 3845: 3840: 3838:Ultramontanism 3835: 3830: 3825: 3820: 3815: 3810: 3805: 3800: 3795: 3790: 3785: 3780: 3775: 3770: 3765: 3760: 3755: 3750: 3748:Infant baptism 3745: 3740: 3735: 3730: 3725: 3723:Traditionalism 3720: 3715: 3710: 3705: 3700: 3694: 3691: 3690: 3675: 3669: 3668: 3666: 3665: 3660: 3655: 3650: 3645: 3640: 3635: 3630: 3625: 3620: 3615: 3610: 3604: 3602: 3596: 3595: 3593: 3592: 3587: 3582: 3577: 3572: 3567: 3562: 3557: 3552: 3547: 3542: 3537: 3532: 3527: 3522: 3517: 3512: 3506: 3504: 3498: 3497: 3494: 3493: 3491: 3490: 3485: 3480: 3475: 3470: 3465: 3460: 3455: 3450: 3445: 3440: 3435: 3426: 3424:Apocalypticism 3421: 3416: 3411: 3406: 3391:Millenarianism 3388: 3383: 3378: 3373: 3368: 3362: 3360: 3354: 3353: 3351: 3350: 3345: 3340: 3338:Full communion 3335: 3330: 3325: 3320: 3319: 3318: 3308: 3302: 3297: 3295:Congregational 3288: 3283: 3282: 3281: 3276: 3265: 3263: 3257: 3256: 3254: 3253: 3248: 3243: 3238: 3233: 3228: 3221: 3216: 3211: 3205: 3203: 3197: 3196: 3193: 3192: 3190: 3189: 3188: 3187: 3177: 3172: 3167: 3162: 3160:Sanctification 3157: 3152: 3147: 3142: 3137: 3132: 3130:Reconciliation 3127: 3125:Recapitulation 3122: 3120:Predestination 3117: 3112: 3105: 3100: 3095: 3093:Means of grace 3090: 3085: 3080: 3079: 3078: 3073: 3063: 3058: 3053: 3048: 3041: 3036: 3031: 3026: 3021: 3016: 3011: 3006: 3001: 2996: 2991: 2985: 2979: 2973: 2972: 2970: 2969: 2964: 2959: 2954: 2949: 2944: 2939: 2933: 2931: 2925: 2924: 2921: 2920: 2918: 2917: 2912: 2906: 2901: 2896: 2894:Christocentric 2891: 2886: 2881: 2872: 2866: 2864: 2858: 2857: 2855: 2854: 2849: 2844: 2839: 2834: 2829: 2827:Theocentricism 2824: 2819: 2814: 2809: 2803: 2797: 2791: 2790: 2788: 2787: 2782: 2780:Law and Gospel 2777: 2772: 2767: 2762: 2757: 2751: 2749: 2740: 2734: 2733: 2726: 2725: 2718: 2711: 2703: 2694: 2693: 2676: 2673: 2672: 2670: 2669: 2664: 2659: 2654: 2648: 2646: 2642: 2641: 2639: 2638: 2633: 2628: 2623: 2618: 2613: 2608: 2603: 2602: 2601: 2599:Capital crimes 2591: 2586: 2580: 2578: 2574: 2573: 2571: 2570: 2569: 2568: 2566:Asian American 2563: 2553: 2548: 2543: 2538: 2533: 2528: 2523: 2518: 2513: 2508: 2503: 2498: 2492: 2490: 2486: 2485: 2478: 2476: 2474: 2473: 2468: 2463: 2458: 2456:Biblical canon 2453: 2448: 2442: 2440: 2436: 2435: 2422: 2419: 2418: 2411: 2410: 2403: 2396: 2388: 2382: 2381: 2359: 2340: 2328: 2316: 2304: 2290: 2289:External links 2287: 2286: 2285: 2276: 2269: 2262: 2255: 2250:Noll, Mark A. 2248: 2239: 2232: 2225: 2218: 2211: 2197:Grant, Patrick 2194: 2187: 2179: 2176: 2173: 2172: 2121: 2102:(2): 245–266. 2082: 2052:(2): 161–175. 2032: 2013:(1): 109–118. 1993: 1972:(2): 370–390. 1952: 1922:(4): 402–416. 1902: 1872:(2): 161–179. 1852: 1810: 1780:(3): 244–275. 1760: 1758:, 1985, p. 129 1748: 1728: 1700: 1699: 1697: 1694: 1693: 1692: 1687: 1682: 1677: 1672: 1667: 1660: 1657: 1607: 1606: 1521: 1519: 1512: 1506: 1503: 1479:ancient Israel 1453: 1452: 1367: 1365: 1358: 1352: 1349: 1317:Main article: 1313: 1312: 1263: 1261: 1254: 1248: 1245: 1220: 1217: 1174:oral tradition 1125:Main article: 1122: 1119: 1083: 1082: 1033: 1031: 1024: 1018: 1015: 968: 967: 936:. Please help 922: 920: 913: 907: 904: 847: 846: 844: 843: 836: 829: 821: 818: 817: 800: 799: 796: 795: 790: 783: 782: 777: 771: 769: 768: 767: 766: 756: 750: 749: 746: 745: 742: 741: 737: 736: 731: 726: 721: 716: 711: 706: 701: 696: 691: 686: 681: 676: 671: 666: 661: 655: 653: 652: 647: 642: 637: 631: 629: 628: 623: 618: 612: 611: 610: 604: 602:Interpretation 601: 600: 597: 596: 591: 590: 588: 587: 582: 577: 572: 567: 562: 556: 553: 552: 546: 545: 544: 543: 538: 533: 528: 521: 516: 507: 506: 501: 496: 490: 485: 479: 474: 469: 463: 458: 453: 452: 449: 448: 444: 443: 438: 436:English Bibles 433: 428: 423: 418: 411: 406: 401: 396: 391: 389:Masoretic Text 386: 380: 379: 376: 375: 365: 364: 363: 360: 359: 356: 355: 348: 347: 342: 336: 335: 334: 329: 324: 319: 312: 311: 306: 301: 295: 294: 291: 290: 283: 282: 281: 278: 277: 273: 272: 271: 270: 265: 260: 249: 248: 247: 240: 239: 234: 228: 226: 225: 220: 214: 212: 211: 210: 209: 204: 199: 188: 187: 184: 183: 176: 175: 174: 171: 170: 162: 161: 155: 154: 142: 141: 56: 54: 47: 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 5796: 5785: 5782: 5781: 5779: 5764: 5761: 5759: 5756: 5754: 5751: 5750: 5747: 5741: 5738: 5736: 5733: 5731: 5728: 5726: 5723: 5721: 5718: 5716: 5713: 5711: 5708: 5706: 5703: 5701: 5698: 5697: 5695: 5691: 5685: 5682: 5680: 5677: 5675: 5672: 5670: 5667: 5665: 5662: 5660: 5659: 5655: 5653: 5650: 5648: 5645: 5643: 5642: 5638: 5636: 5633: 5631: 5628: 5626: 5623: 5621: 5618: 5617: 5615: 5613: 5609: 5603: 5600: 5598: 5595: 5593: 5590: 5588: 5585: 5583: 5580: 5578: 5575: 5573: 5570: 5569: 5567: 5563: 5557: 5554: 5550: 5547: 5545: 5542: 5540: 5537: 5535: 5532: 5531: 5530: 5527: 5523: 5520: 5518: 5515: 5514: 5513: 5510: 5506: 5503: 5501: 5498: 5497: 5496: 5493: 5490: 5486: 5483: 5481: 5478: 5476: 5473: 5471: 5468: 5467: 5465: 5461: 5455: 5452: 5450: 5447: 5445: 5442: 5440: 5437: 5435: 5432: 5430: 5427: 5425: 5422: 5420: 5417: 5415: 5412: 5410: 5407: 5405: 5402: 5400: 5397: 5395: 5392: 5390: 5387: 5385: 5382: 5380: 5379: 5375: 5373: 5370: 5368: 5365: 5363: 5360: 5358: 5355: 5353: 5352:2 Corinthians 5350: 5348: 5347:1 Corinthians 5345: 5343: 5340: 5338: 5335: 5333: 5330: 5328: 5325: 5323: 5320: 5318: 5315: 5314: 5312: 5310: 5309:New Testament 5306: 5296: 5293: 5291: 5290:New Testament 5288: 5284: 5281: 5280: 5279: 5276: 5275: 5273: 5269: 5261: 5258: 5256: 5253: 5251: 5248: 5247: 5246: 5243: 5242: 5240: 5238: 5234: 5228: 5225: 5223: 5220: 5218: 5215: 5214: 5212: 5210: 5205: 5199: 5198:Broader canon 5196: 5194: 5191: 5189: 5186: 5184: 5181: 5179: 5176: 5175: 5173: 5171: 5167: 5161: 5158: 5156: 5153: 5151: 5148: 5146: 5143: 5141: 5138: 5136: 5133: 5131: 5128: 5127: 5125: 5119: 5116: 5115: 5112: 5104: 5101: 5099: 5096: 5094: 5091: 5090: 5089: 5086: 5084: 5080: 5077: 5075: 5072: 5070: 5067: 5065: 5062: 5060: 5057: 5055: 5052: 5050: 5047: 5045: 5042: 5041: 5039: 5033: 5031: 5028: 5026: 5023: 5022: 5019: 5016: 5014: 5007: 5003: 4997: 4994: 4992: 4989: 4987: 4984: 4982: 4979: 4977: 4974: 4972: 4969: 4967: 4964: 4962: 4959: 4957: 4954: 4952: 4949: 4947: 4944: 4942: 4939: 4937: 4934: 4932: 4929: 4927: 4924: 4922: 4919: 4917: 4914: 4912: 4911:Song of Songs 4909: 4907: 4904: 4902: 4899: 4897: 4894: 4892: 4889: 4887: 4884: 4882: 4879: 4877: 4874: 4872: 4869: 4867: 4864: 4862: 4859: 4857: 4854: 4852: 4849: 4847: 4844: 4842: 4839: 4837: 4834: 4832: 4829: 4827: 4824: 4822: 4819: 4818: 4816: 4814: 4810: 4809:Old Testament 4805: 4801: 4797: 4793: 4786: 4781: 4779: 4774: 4772: 4767: 4766: 4763: 4753: 4752: 4746: 4740: 4737: 4735: 4732: 4731: 4729: 4725: 4719: 4716: 4714: 4711: 4709: 4706: 4704: 4701: 4699: 4696: 4694: 4691: 4689: 4686: 4684: 4681: 4679: 4676: 4672: 4669: 4668: 4667: 4664: 4662: 4659: 4658: 4656: 4652: 4647: 4637: 4634: 4632: 4629: 4627: 4624: 4622: 4619: 4617: 4614: 4613: 4611: 4607: 4603: 4596: 4591: 4589: 4584: 4582: 4577: 4576: 4573: 4561: 4560: 4555: 4551: 4550: 4547: 4544: 4542: 4539: 4538: 4535: 4529: 4526: 4524: 4521: 4519: 4516: 4514: 4511: 4509: 4506: 4504: 4501: 4499: 4496: 4494: 4491: 4489: 4486: 4484: 4481: 4479: 4476: 4474: 4471: 4469: 4466: 4465: 4463: 4459: 4441: 4438: 4436: 4433: 4431: 4428: 4426: 4423: 4422: 4420: 4416: 4410: 4407: 4405: 4402: 4400: 4397: 4395: 4392: 4391: 4389: 4387: 4383: 4377: 4374: 4372: 4369: 4367: 4364: 4362: 4359: 4357: 4354: 4353: 4351: 4349: 4342: 4336: 4333: 4331: 4328: 4326: 4325:Faith healing 4323: 4321: 4318: 4317: 4315: 4313: 4309: 4303: 4300: 4298: 4295: 4293: 4290: 4288: 4285: 4283: 4280: 4278: 4275: 4273: 4270: 4268: 4265: 4263: 4260: 4258: 4255: 4254: 4252: 4250: 4246: 4240: 4237: 4235: 4232: 4230: 4227: 4226: 4224: 4222: 4218: 4212: 4209: 4207: 4204: 4202: 4201:Center church 4199: 4197: 4194: 4192: 4191:Branch theory 4189: 4187: 4184: 4183: 4181: 4179: 4175: 4167: 4164: 4162: 4159: 4157: 4154: 4152: 4149: 4147: 4144: 4142: 4139: 4138: 4137: 4134: 4130: 4127: 4125: 4122: 4121: 4120: 4117: 4115: 4112: 4109: 4108: 4104: 4102: 4101: 4097: 4095: 4094: 4090: 4088: 4087: 4083: 4081: 4080: 4075: 4074: 4069: 4065: 4062: 4061: 4060: 4057: 4053: 4050: 4048: 4045: 4043: 4040: 4039: 4038: 4035: 4033: 4030: 4029: 4027: 4025: 4021: 4017: 4013: 4012:Protestantism 4008: 4004: 3994: 3991: 3989: 3988:Monothelitism 3986: 3984: 3981: 3979: 3978:Monophysitism 3976: 3974: 3971: 3970: 3967: 3963: 3958: 3954: 3944: 3941: 3939: 3936: 3934: 3931: 3929: 3926: 3924: 3921: 3919: 3916: 3914: 3911: 3909: 3906: 3904: 3901: 3899: 3896: 3894: 3891: 3889: 3886: 3884: 3881: 3879: 3876: 3874: 3871: 3870: 3867: 3863: 3858: 3854: 3844: 3841: 3839: 3836: 3834: 3831: 3829: 3826: 3824: 3821: 3819: 3816: 3814: 3811: 3809: 3808:Sacerdotalism 3806: 3804: 3803:Real presence 3801: 3799: 3796: 3794: 3791: 3789: 3786: 3784: 3781: 3779: 3776: 3774: 3771: 3769: 3766: 3764: 3761: 3759: 3756: 3754: 3751: 3749: 3746: 3744: 3741: 3739: 3736: 3734: 3731: 3729: 3726: 3724: 3721: 3719: 3716: 3714: 3711: 3709: 3706: 3704: 3701: 3699: 3696: 3695: 3692: 3688: 3683: 3679: 3676: 3674: 3670: 3664: 3661: 3659: 3656: 3654: 3651: 3649: 3646: 3644: 3641: 3639: 3636: 3634: 3631: 3629: 3626: 3624: 3621: 3619: 3616: 3614: 3611: 3609: 3606: 3605: 3603: 3601: 3597: 3591: 3588: 3586: 3583: 3581: 3578: 3576: 3573: 3571: 3568: 3566: 3563: 3561: 3558: 3556: 3555:Scholasticism 3553: 3551: 3548: 3546: 3543: 3541: 3540:Caesaropapism 3538: 3536: 3533: 3531: 3528: 3526: 3525:Apostolic Age 3523: 3521: 3518: 3516: 3513: 3511: 3508: 3507: 3505: 3503: 3499: 3489: 3488:War in Heaven 3486: 3484: 3481: 3479: 3476: 3474: 3473:Second Coming 3471: 3469: 3466: 3464: 3463:New Jerusalem 3461: 3459: 3458:Millennialism 3456: 3454: 3453:Last Judgment 3451: 3449: 3446: 3444: 3441: 3439: 3436: 3434: 3430: 3427: 3425: 3422: 3420: 3417: 3415: 3412: 3410: 3407: 3404: 3400: 3396: 3392: 3389: 3387: 3384: 3382: 3379: 3377: 3374: 3372: 3369: 3367: 3364: 3363: 3361: 3359: 3355: 3349: 3346: 3344: 3341: 3339: 3336: 3334: 3331: 3329: 3326: 3324: 3321: 3317: 3314: 3313: 3312: 3309: 3306: 3303: 3301: 3298: 3296: 3292: 3289: 3287: 3284: 3280: 3277: 3275: 3272: 3271: 3270: 3267: 3266: 3264: 3262: 3258: 3252: 3249: 3247: 3244: 3242: 3239: 3237: 3234: 3232: 3229: 3227: 3226: 3222: 3220: 3217: 3215: 3212: 3210: 3207: 3206: 3204: 3202: 3198: 3186: 3183: 3182: 3181: 3178: 3176: 3173: 3171: 3168: 3166: 3163: 3161: 3158: 3156: 3153: 3151: 3148: 3146: 3143: 3141: 3138: 3136: 3133: 3131: 3128: 3126: 3123: 3121: 3118: 3116: 3113: 3111: 3110: 3106: 3104: 3103:Mortification 3101: 3099: 3096: 3094: 3091: 3089: 3088:Justification 3086: 3084: 3081: 3077: 3074: 3072: 3069: 3068: 3067: 3064: 3062: 3061:Glorification 3059: 3057: 3054: 3052: 3049: 3047: 3046: 3042: 3040: 3037: 3035: 3032: 3030: 3027: 3025: 3022: 3020: 3017: 3015: 3012: 3010: 3007: 3005: 3002: 3000: 2997: 2995: 2992: 2990: 2987: 2986: 2983: 2980: 2978: 2974: 2968: 2965: 2963: 2960: 2958: 2957:Fallen angels 2955: 2953: 2950: 2948: 2945: 2943: 2940: 2938: 2935: 2934: 2932: 2930: 2926: 2916: 2913: 2910: 2907: 2905: 2902: 2900: 2897: 2895: 2892: 2890: 2887: 2885: 2882: 2880: 2876: 2873: 2871: 2868: 2867: 2865: 2863: 2859: 2853: 2850: 2848: 2845: 2843: 2842:Impassibility 2840: 2838: 2835: 2833: 2830: 2828: 2825: 2823: 2820: 2818: 2815: 2813: 2810: 2808: 2805: 2804: 2801: 2798: 2796: 2792: 2786: 2783: 2781: 2778: 2776: 2773: 2771: 2768: 2766: 2763: 2761: 2758: 2756: 2753: 2752: 2750: 2748: 2744: 2741: 2739: 2735: 2731: 2724: 2719: 2717: 2712: 2710: 2705: 2704: 2701: 2691: 2687: 2683: 2679: 2674: 2668: 2665: 2663: 2660: 2658: 2655: 2653: 2650: 2649: 2647: 2643: 2637: 2634: 2632: 2629: 2627: 2624: 2622: 2619: 2617: 2614: 2612: 2611:Homosexuality 2609: 2607: 2604: 2600: 2597: 2596: 2595: 2592: 2590: 2587: 2585: 2582: 2581: 2579: 2575: 2567: 2564: 2562: 2559: 2558: 2557: 2554: 2552: 2549: 2547: 2544: 2542: 2539: 2537: 2534: 2532: 2529: 2527: 2524: 2522: 2519: 2517: 2514: 2512: 2509: 2507: 2504: 2502: 2499: 2497: 2494: 2493: 2491: 2487: 2482: 2472: 2469: 2467: 2464: 2462: 2459: 2457: 2454: 2452: 2449: 2447: 2444: 2443: 2441: 2437: 2433: 2432:New Testament 2429: 2428:Old Testament 2425: 2420: 2416: 2409: 2404: 2402: 2397: 2395: 2390: 2389: 2386: 2370: 2366: 2362: 2360:0-7864-1327-1 2356: 2352: 2348: 2347: 2341: 2337: 2333: 2329: 2325: 2321: 2317: 2313: 2309: 2305: 2301: 2297: 2293: 2292: 2283: 2280: 2277: 2274: 2270: 2267: 2263: 2260: 2256: 2253: 2249: 2246: 2243: 2240: 2237: 2233: 2230: 2226: 2223: 2219: 2216: 2212: 2210: 2209:0-333-43618-0 2206: 2202: 2198: 2195: 2192: 2188: 2185: 2182: 2181: 2162: 2158: 2154: 2150: 2145: 2140: 2136: 2132: 2125: 2117: 2113: 2109: 2105: 2101: 2097: 2093: 2086: 2071: 2067: 2063: 2059: 2055: 2051: 2047: 2043: 2036: 2028: 2024: 2020: 2016: 2012: 2008: 2004: 1997: 1989: 1985: 1980: 1975: 1971: 1967: 1963: 1956: 1941: 1937: 1933: 1929: 1925: 1921: 1917: 1913: 1906: 1891: 1887: 1883: 1879: 1875: 1871: 1867: 1863: 1856: 1848: 1844: 1840: 1836: 1832: 1828: 1824: 1817: 1815: 1799: 1795: 1791: 1787: 1783: 1779: 1775: 1771: 1764: 1757: 1752: 1745: 1741: 1737: 1732: 1725: 1721: 1717: 1712: 1710: 1708: 1706: 1701: 1691: 1688: 1686: 1683: 1681: 1678: 1676: 1673: 1671: 1668: 1666: 1663: 1662: 1656: 1652: 1650: 1646: 1642: 1638: 1634: 1633:New Testament 1630: 1626: 1622: 1618: 1614: 1613:Old Testament 1603: 1600: 1592: 1589:November 2023 1581: 1578: 1574: 1571: 1567: 1564: 1560: 1557: 1553: 1550: –  1549: 1545: 1544:Find sources: 1538: 1534: 1528: 1527: 1522:This section 1520: 1516: 1511: 1510: 1502: 1498: 1496: 1495:flood of Noah 1492: 1488: 1484: 1480: 1475: 1473: 1469: 1465: 1461: 1449: 1446: 1438: 1435:November 2023 1427: 1424: 1420: 1417: 1413: 1410: 1406: 1403: 1399: 1396: –  1395: 1391: 1390:Find sources: 1384: 1380: 1374: 1373: 1368:This section 1366: 1362: 1357: 1356: 1348: 1346: 1341: 1337: 1335: 1331: 1327: 1320: 1309: 1306: 1298: 1288: 1284: 1280: 1274: 1273: 1269: 1264:This section 1262: 1258: 1253: 1252: 1244: 1241: 1238: 1233: 1229: 1226: 1216: 1212: 1210: 1206: 1202: 1198: 1192: 1190: 1186: 1182: 1177: 1175: 1171: 1167: 1163: 1159: 1153: 1151: 1147: 1143: 1142:New Testament 1139: 1138:Old Testament 1135: 1128: 1118: 1116: 1112: 1108: 1104: 1100: 1096: 1095: 1090: 1079: 1076: 1068: 1058: 1054: 1050: 1044: 1043: 1039: 1034:This section 1032: 1028: 1023: 1022: 1014: 1012: 1008: 1004: 1000: 996: 992: 988: 984: 980: 975: 964: 961: 953: 943: 939: 935: 929: 928: 927:single source 923:This section 921: 912: 911: 903: 901: 897: 893: 889: 885: 881: 877: 873: 869: 868:New Testament 865: 864:Old Testament 861: 857: 853: 842: 837: 835: 830: 828: 823: 822: 820: 819: 816: 805: 802: 801: 794: 791: 789: 786: 785: 781: 780:Infallibility 778: 776: 773: 772: 765: 762: 761: 760: 757: 755: 752: 751: 744: 743: 735: 732: 730: 727: 725: 722: 720: 717: 715: 712: 710: 707: 705: 702: 700: 697: 695: 692: 690: 687: 685: 682: 680: 679:Homosexuality 677: 675: 672: 670: 667: 665: 662: 660: 657: 656: 651: 648: 646: 643: 641: 638: 636: 633: 632: 627: 624: 622: 619: 617: 614: 613: 609: 606: 605: 599: 598: 586: 583: 581: 578: 576: 573: 571: 568: 566: 563: 561: 558: 557: 555: 554: 551: 548: 547: 542: 539: 537: 534: 532: 529: 527: 526: 522: 520: 517: 515: 514: 510: 509: 505: 502: 500: 497: 495: 491: 489: 486: 484: 480: 478: 475: 473: 470: 468: 465: 464: 462: 461: 456: 451: 450: 442: 439: 437: 434: 432: 429: 427: 424: 422: 419: 417: 416: 412: 410: 407: 405: 402: 400: 397: 395: 392: 390: 387: 385: 382: 381: 374: 370: 367: 366: 362: 361: 354: 351: 350: 346: 343: 341: 338: 337: 333: 330: 328: 325: 323: 320: 318: 315: 314: 310: 307: 305: 302: 300: 297: 296: 288: 285: 284: 280: 279: 269: 266: 264: 261: 259: 256: 255: 254: 251: 250: 246: 243: 242: 238: 235: 233: 230: 229: 224: 221: 219: 216: 215: 208: 205: 203: 200: 198: 195: 194: 193: 190: 189: 181: 178: 177: 173: 172: 168: 164: 163: 160: 157: 156: 152: 148: 147: 138: 135: 127: 116: 113: 109: 106: 102: 99: 95: 92: 88: 85: –  84: 80: 79:Find sources: 73: 69: 63: 62: 57:This article 55: 51: 46: 45: 40: 33: 19: 5724: 5658:Vetus Latina 5656: 5639: 5592:Jewish canon 5587:Antilegomena 5489:Poetic Books 5485:Wisdom books 5463:Subdivisions 5376: 5081: / 5006:Deuterocanon 4926:Lamentations 4906:Ecclesiastes 4813:(protocanon) 4804:Hebrew Bible 4751:Bible Portal 4749: 4620: 4557: 4508:Omnipresence 4478:Divine mercy 4302:Two kingdoms 4196:Broad church 4105: 4098: 4091: 4084: 4077: 4072: 3983:Monoenergism 3973:Miaphysitism 3673:By tradition 3613:Biblical law 3565:Conciliarism 3431: / 3401: / 3397: / 3328:Conciliarity 3305:Presbyterian 3261:Ecclesiology 3236:Original sin 3223: 3214:Anthropology 3201:Hamartiology 3150:Resurrection 3140:Regeneration 3115:Perseverance 3109:Ordo salutis 3107: 3071:Irresistible 3043: 3039:Eternal life 3029:Divinization 2904:Resurrection 2847:Perichoresis 2837:Immutability 2822:Pneumatology 2785:Hermeneutics 2769: 2760:Preservation 2584:Commentaries 2577:Hebrew Bible 2450: 2424:Hebrew Bible 2372:. Retrieved 2345: 2335: 2323: 2312:sbl-site.org 2311: 2299: 2281: 2272: 2265: 2258: 2251: 2244: 2235: 2228: 2221: 2214: 2200: 2190: 2189:Frei, Hans. 2183: 2164:. Retrieved 2134: 2124: 2099: 2095: 2085: 2074:. Retrieved 2049: 2045: 2035: 2010: 2006: 1996: 1969: 1965: 1955: 1944:. Retrieved 1919: 1915: 1905: 1894:. Retrieved 1869: 1865: 1855: 1830: 1826: 1802:. Retrieved 1777: 1773: 1763: 1751: 1735: 1731: 1715: 1653: 1610: 1595: 1586: 1576: 1569: 1562: 1555: 1543: 1531:Please help 1526:verification 1523: 1499: 1487:King Solomon 1476: 1456: 1441: 1432: 1422: 1415: 1408: 1401: 1389: 1377:Please help 1372:verification 1369: 1342: 1338: 1322: 1301: 1292: 1277:Please help 1265: 1242: 1234: 1230: 1222: 1213: 1193: 1178: 1162:anthropology 1154: 1134:Hebrew Bible 1130: 1092: 1086: 1071: 1062: 1047:Please help 1035: 987:hermeneutics 973: 971: 956: 947: 924: 851: 850: 747:Perspectives 608:Hermeneutics 523: 511: 454: 431:Luther Bible 426:Gothic Bible 415:Vetus Latina 413: 369:Translations 309:Hebrew canon 237:Antilegomena 232:Deuterocanon 130: 121: 111: 104: 97: 90: 78: 66:Please help 61:verification 58: 5763:WikiProject 5641:Diatessaron 5612:Manuscripts 5565:Development 5367:Philippians 5237:Beta Israel 5155:4 Maccabees 5150:3 Maccabees 5064:2 Maccabees 5059:1 Maccabees 4841:Deuteronomy 4654:Historicity 4513:Omniscience 4503:Omnipotence 4493:Love of God 4347:(Calvinist) 4330:Glossolalia 4206:High church 4086:Sola gratia 3928:Tabor Light 3913:Proskynesis 3898:Metousiosis 3893:Gnomic will 3778:Natural law 3753:Josephology 3743:Indulgences 3608:Apologetics 3575:Reformation 3570:Renaissance 3483:Tribulation 3366:Historicism 3358:Eschatology 3056:Forgiveness 2977:Soteriology 2915:Holy Spirit 2899:Incarnation 2817:Christology 2755:Inspiration 2690:WikiProject 2667:Development 2349:. pp.  1833:(1): 3–21. 1746:pages 11–12 1637:Koine Greek 1158:archaeology 983:archaeology 856:disciplines 645:Inspiration 483:Historicity 441:by language 373:manuscripts 5700:Authorship 5630:Septuagint 5475:Pentateuch 5454:Revelation 5378:Laodiceans 5372:Colossians 4861:1–2 Samuel 4430:Anabaptism 4366:Free Grace 4211:Low church 3843:Veneration 3788:Priesthood 3698:Absolution 3638:Missiology 3628:Homiletics 3550:Iconoclasm 3535:Patristics 3502:Historical 3478:Soul sleep 3419:Apocalypse 3414:Antichrist 3316:Historical 3286:Missiology 3274:Confession 3145:Repentance 3135:Redemption 3083:Imputation 3076:Prevenient 3024:Conversion 2989:Absolution 2812:Paterology 2807:Attributes 2738:Systematic 2657:Protestant 2166:2024-04-29 2161:2679861962 2076:2023-05-11 1946:2023-05-09 1896:2023-05-09 1804:2023-05-11 1744:0567083977 1724:0199254257 1696:References 1649:seminaries 1645:Septuagint 1559:newspapers 1483:King David 1472:Pentateuch 1464:provenance 1405:newspapers 1113:, and the 1011:patristics 906:Definition 650:Literalism 560:Historical 467:Archeology 404:Septuagint 299:Authorship 287:Authorship 94:newspapers 5539:Johannine 5399:2 Timothy 5394:1 Timothy 5362:Ephesians 5357:Galatians 5145:Psalm 151 5013:apocrypha 4991:Zechariah 4981:Zephaniah 4866:1–2 Kings 4831:Leviticus 4727:Criticism 4425:Adventism 4345:Reformed 4141:Assurance 4079:Sola fide 4032:Adiaphora 3943:Theotokos 3923:Symphonia 3918:Sobornost 3908:Phyletism 3818:Sainthood 3813:Sacrament 3793:Purgatory 3773:Modernism 3763:Mariology 3658:Political 3633:Liturgics 3618:Education 3600:Practical 3515:Orthodoxy 3438:End times 3409:Adventism 3386:Preterism 3300:Episcopal 3279:Eucharist 3269:Sacrament 3165:Synergism 3155:Salvation 3098:Monergism 3004:Atonement 2999:Assurance 2929:Cosmology 2909:Ascension 2747:Scripture 2415:The Bible 2369:560651553 2153:1824-761X 2116:0901-8328 2066:0901-8328 2027:0001-2793 1988:2375-3234 1936:0033-5630 1886:2046-5726 1847:0006-2278 1827:Bijdragen 1794:1535-8593 1726:page xvii 1334:autograph 1330:archetype 1295:June 2021 1266:does not 1223:Biblical 1065:June 2021 1036:does not 1003:sociology 950:June 2021 942:citations 934:talk page 896:mythology 880:philology 775:Inerrancy 585:Canonical 580:Redaction 472:Artifacts 253:Apocrypha 182:and books 124:June 2021 5778:Category 5753:Category 5652:Peshitta 5549:Catholic 5544:Pastoral 5529:Epistles 5522:Synoptic 5409:Philemon 5222:2 Baruch 5209:Peshitta 5183:Jubilees 5135:2 Esdras 5130:1 Esdras 5025:Catholic 4976:Habakkuk 4921:Jeremiah 4901:Proverbs 4881:Nehemiah 4461:See also 4386:Wesleyan 4249:Lutheran 4178:Anglican 3903:Phronema 3733:Filioque 3713:Dogmatic 3653:Polemics 3648:Pastoral 3429:Covenant 3381:Futurism 3371:Idealism 3348:Shunning 3333:Koinonia 3246:Theodicy 3219:The Fall 3185:Blessing 3034:Election 2994:Adoption 2967:Theodicy 2952:Humanity 2937:Creation 2775:Exegesis 2765:Canonics 2682:Category 2652:Catholic 2589:Covenant 2439:Overview 2324:eabs.net 2199:. 1989. 2157:ProQuest 2070:Archived 1940:Archived 1890:Archived 1798:Archived 1690:Exegesis 1659:See also 1493:and the 1225:exegesis 1197:proverbs 1189:rhetoric 1166:folklore 1007:theology 884:theology 724:Violence 709:Serpents 699:Prophecy 694:Muhammad 409:Peshitta 399:Targumim 151:a series 149:Part of 5725:Studies 5693:Related 5664:Vulgate 5534:Pauline 5512:Gospels 5429:2 Peter 5424:1 Peter 5414:Hebrews 5317:Matthew 5207:Syriac 5093:Susanna 4996:Malachi 4956:Obadiah 4931:Ezekiel 4836:Numbers 4821:Genesis 4794:of the 4671:sources 4292:Pietism 4267:Haugean 4221:Baptist 4076: ( 4024:General 3938:Theosis 3933:Theoria 3883:Economy 3828:Thomism 3823:Scotism 3758:Liturgy 3585:Pietism 3560:Thomism 3468:Rapture 3393: ( 3293: ( 3180:Worship 3170:Theosis 3014:Calling 3009:Baptism 2877: ( 2862:Trinity 2678:Outline 2631:Warfare 2374:Aug 20, 1573:scholar 1419:scholar 1287:removed 1272:sources 1205:gospels 1144:or the 1057:removed 1042:sources 999:history 764:Quranic 759:Islamic 754:Gnostic 729:Warfare 719:Slavery 659:Alcohol 621:Midrash 565:Textual 421:Vulgate 207:Ketuvim 202:Nevi'im 108:scholar 5758:Portal 5635:Targum 5444:3 John 5439:2 John 5434:1 John 5342:Romans 5295:Jewish 5120:Others 5079:Baruch 5074:Sirach 5069:Wisdom 5049:Judith 5034:Others 4986:Haggai 4936:Daniel 4916:Isaiah 4896:Psalms 4886:Esther 4851:Judges 4846:Joshua 4826:Exodus 3663:Public 3623:Ethics 3443:Heaven 3311:Bishop 3291:Polity 2942:Angels 2870:Father 2686:Portal 2662:Canons 2616:Prayer 2606:Events 2489:Topics 2367:  2357:  2207:  2159:  2151:  2114:  2064:  2025:  1986:  1934:  1884:  1845:  1792:  1742:  1722:  1575:  1568:  1561:  1554:  1546:  1421:  1414:  1407:  1400:  1392:  1326:urtext 1201:psalms 1136:, the 1109:, the 1105:, the 1101:, the 1009:, and 898:, and 689:Incest 669:Ethics 626:Pardes 616:Pesher 570:Source 499:Places 494:People 477:Dating 304:Dating 258:Jewish 192:Tanakh 180:Canons 153:on the 110:  103:  96:  89:  81:  5419:James 5404:Titus 5178:Enoch 5044:Tobit 4971:Nahum 4966:Micah 4961:Jonah 4941:Hosea 4796:Bible 4792:Books 4418:Other 4361:TULIP 4073:solae 4071:Five 3643:Moral 3530:Canon 3399:Post- 3323:Synod 3066:Grace 3051:Faith 2962:Satan 2889:Logos 2884:Jesus 1580:JSTOR 1566:books 1426:JSTOR 1412:books 1185:Roman 1181:Greek 862:(the 860:Bible 734:Women 684:Humor 504:Names 197:Torah 159:Bible 115:JSTOR 101:books 5517:List 5449:Jude 5337:Acts 5332:John 5327:Luke 5322:Mark 5283:list 5160:Odes 4951:Amos 4946:Joel 4876:Ezra 4856:Ruth 3768:Mass 3448:Hell 3395:Pre- 3209:Adam 2621:Rape 2376:2018 2365:OCLC 2355:ISBN 2205:ISBN 2149:ISSN 2112:ISSN 2062:ISSN 2023:ISSN 1984:ISSN 1932:ISSN 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