2209:
233:
20:
130:
336:
Starting in 1997, screen sizes in notebook computers began increasing rapidly, fueled by consumer preference toward larger displays over compactness. The emergence of LCD panels larger than 12.1 inches diagonally in early 1997 led to the breaking of the 8.5-by-11-inch size barrier. By 1999,
309:
often had a compartment exactly that size. An additional distinction was weight, with 8 pounds (3.6 kg) a loose upper limit for what journalists would consider a "notebook" in the press. Aside from size and weight considerations, notebooks were also seen as more sleek and stylish than the
273:
line of notebooks in 1989 was the first to have full feature parity with the heaviest laptops of the time and jumpstarted the industry for these new notebooks, with scores of other manufacturers announcing their own notebooks. In direct response to Compaq, both
264:
was promptly revived by journalists to describe the new class of laptop that the UltraLite had invented. Competitors soon came out with competing models, and while initial entries like the UltraLite made concessions in terms of data storage compatibility,
1416:'It violates a form factor', said Tuan Tran, product manager in Hewlett-Packard Co.'s mobile computing division, in Corvallis, Ore. 'The 12.1-inch screens fit into an 8.5-by-11-inch package. But this will fundamentally change the size of notebooks'.
298:, dozens of Taiwanese computer manufacturers formed a consortium to mass manufacture notebook computers starting in 1991. These Taiwanese notebook computers soon flooded the West, bringing the cost of notebooks down on the low end of the market.
752:
305:. Notebooks were seen as having a footprint exactly that of or smaller than letter paper (8.5 by 11 inches or 22 by 28 centimetres), while laptops were larger. This distinction was considered important to business buyers, whose
502:
94:, making it technically as versatile as the largest laptops, while occupying a letter-paper footprint in a clamshell case. A handful of computer manufacturers followed suit with their own notebooks, including
1429:
1303:
333:. By late 1992, the higher-end notebooks had run into the same miniaturization issues that laptops had encountered in the 1980s, with some notebooks weighing as much as 14 pounds (6.4 kg).
760:
322:). Others still preferred laptops for their keyboards, which featured fuller-sized layouts and often superior build quality; journalists evaluated the keyboard poorly in most early notebooks.
510:
800:
1207:
943:
221:
of portable computer in the technology press, with notebooks possessing simplified hardware and a slab-like appearance with exposed keyboard (typified by the HX-20 and the
1311:
310:
bulkier laptops. Compared to notebooks, however, laptops saw quicker improvements in processing speed and memory; featured better upgradability; and were less easy to
1437:
826:
361:
is now the more common term to describe any clamshell portable computer—notebook-sized or otherwise—likely because of the lack of ambiguity with actual paper
765:
On the small side, computer makers are responding with alacrity to the complaints about the sheer heft of the PCs that now are sold under the label 'laptop'.
301:
Laptops and notebooks continued to occupy discrete market segments into the mid-1990s, with unit sales tracked separately by research firms such as
102:
achieved full feature parity with laptops and spurred many others to produce their own notebooks. By 1991, the notebook industry was in full swing.
229:
to protect the keyboard. These early notebooks were all but discontinued by 1987, with laptops gaining favor due to their increased versatility.
1215:
240:
PC-4641, a laptop released in the same month as the UltraLite. Larger laptops continued to be marketed alongside notebooks for several years.
808:
951:
606:
105:
Notebooks and laptops occupied distinct market segments into the mid-1990s, but customer preference for larger screens led to notebooks
282:, top players in the computer industry, made their hotly anticipated entries in the notebook market in 1991, respectively, with the
1517:
295:
584:
834:
1012:
429:-sized paper (210 by 297 millimetres or 8.27 by 11.7 inches) was used as the benchmark for the dimensions of notebooks.
1462:
976:
907:
880:
735:
568:
485:
1526:
2244:
2213:
1510:
337:
portable manufacturers had started integrating 13-, 14-, and even 15-inch LCD panels on their notebooks.
1957:
787:... thin enough to fit in an interoffice envelope, the NEC even revived talk of 'notebook computers'.
2239:
354:
248:
their parts, leading to very heavy laptops—some upwards of 20 pounds (9.1 kg). In
October 1988,
175:
106:
2194:
2005:
1617:
1503:
1830:
966:
868:
1967:
1882:
1667:
528:
315:
244:
By this point, however, laptops were gaining hardware features faster than the industry could
2177:
2150:
2010:
1972:
1915:
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1925:
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1756:
1577:
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218:
75:
1208:"Laptops in One Sitting: The Ins and Outs, Turn-ons & Turnoffs in the Portables Field"
897:
8:
2000:
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1485:
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1842:
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325:
The year 1991 saw the first notebooks with color displays, as well as the emergence of
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2020:
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91:
67:
55:
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71:
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area. These developments led to the distinction between and laptops and notebooks
2165:
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1982:
1962:
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558:
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162:
1080:
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1940:
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1045:(2). Society of Management Accountants of Canada: 16–19 – via ProQuest.
439:
253:
87:
24:
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2062:
1935:
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349:, also necessitated increasing the size of laptops to accommodate a larger
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44:
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153:
in a size class smaller than the contemporary mainstream units (so-called
1920:
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198:
134:
63:
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1992:
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cartridges to exchange data, as opposed to the standard (for the time)
338:
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275:
270:
99:
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2055:
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1862:
1837:
1013:"Computer makers turn laptop, notebook front into high-tech war zone"
389:
384:
350:
287:
283:
217:
In the mid-1980s, notebooks and laptops came to represent differing
137:
from 1982 was the first portable computer to be called a "notebook".
117:
are used interchangeably, irrespective of physical dimensions, with
1977:
1910:
1788:
1771:
1712:
1602:
426:
374:
362:
346:
291:
206:
1887:
1857:
1761:
994:"Little 'notebook' computers expected to hit market in a big way"
422:
379:
109:
with laptops in the late 1990s. Since the early 2000s, the terms
753:"Laptops and Workstations: Opposite Ends in a Crowded PC Market"
232:
149:
both trace their origins to the early 1980s, coined to describe
19:
1817:
266:
95:
40:
129:
194:
59:
121:
being the more common term in
English-speaking territories.
543:(4). McGraw-Hill: 104–105 – via the Internet Archive.
314:. In addition, the earliest notebooks had monochrome-only
639:(49). IDG Publications: 1, 9–11 – via Google Books.
503:"The Latest Wave in Personal Computers Is Small but Fast"
279:
249:
83:
1195:(24). IDG Publications: 1, 109 – via Google Books.
1068:(8). Earl G. Graves Publishing: 39 – via ProQuest.
964:
318:, whereas laptops had color LCDs since 1989 (with NEC's
1404:"Obstacles delay adoption of 13.3-inch notebook screen"
873:
Managing
Product and Service Department: Text and Cases
225:); and laptops possessing more advanced hardware and a
169:
to some time before 1984; the earliest attestation of
1000:. Union-Tribune Publishing: I-1 – via ProQuest.
560:
Quoth the Maven: More on
Language from William Safire
357:
by the early 2000s. In
English-speaking territories,
329:, which occupy a size class in between notebooks and
82:-style laptops offered far more capability. In 1988,
1391:(51). IDG Publications: 29 – via Google Books.
869:"Apple PowerBook: Design Quality and Time to Market"
1159:
1108:"Users opt for notebook PCs to avoid 'klutz' image"
785:. Dow Jones & Company: 1 – via ProQuest.
662:(20). IDG Publications: 9 – via Google Books.
201:portable, whose dimensions roughly correspond to a
27:
defined the modern notebook on its release in 1988.
1135:"New line of shrinking computers gains acceptance"
473:
442:as shipped supported only proprietary solid-state
179:dates to 1983. The word is modeled after the term
1160:Zuin, Daniela; Angela Annesley (April 24, 1991).
779:"Laptop Computer Market Heats Up with New Models"
701:"Lean to Laptops Appears to Be More Than Fitting"
193:, meanwhile, emerged earlier in 1982 to describe
2226:
965:Sanderson, Susan Walsh; Mustafa Uzumeri (1997).
90:defined a new category of notebook: it achieved
1264:. The Washington Post Company – via Gale.
1525:
1430:"Asia Fires Its Rounds in the Flat-Screen War"
820:
818:
612:. Oxford University Press. n.d. Archived from
591:. Oxford University Press. n.d. Archived from
563:. Random House Publishing Group. p. 352.
78:waned in the middle of the decade, as larger,
47:(8.5 by 11 inches or 220 by 280 millimetres).
1511:
685:(13). Ziff-Davis: 8 – via Google Books.
1078:
941:
256:, the first notebook-sized clamshell laptop
1277:"PC makers eye subnotebook market for 1992"
815:
341:considerations, as well the integration of
74:of the early 1980s. The popularity of this
58:that had a letter-paper footprint, such as
43:whose length and width approximate that of
1518:
1504:
1145:(43). American City Business Journals: 24
1351:
1324:
1028:
1026:
694:
692:
1381:"Big screens coming to little notebooks"
1274:
1258:"World's first color notebook PC debuts"
1255:
1132:
1106:Scheier, Robert L. (November 12, 1990).
922:
860:
552:
550:
526:
296:Industrial Technology Research Institute
231:
128:
18:
1450:
1444:
1414:(29). Ziff-Davis: 27 – via Gale.
1401:
1379:April, Carolyn A. (December 16, 1996).
1304:"Honey, They Shrunk the Computer—Again"
1228:
1105:
1010:
944:"I.B.M. Enters U.S. Notebook PC Market"
847:
776:
2227:
1256:Miyazawa, Masayuki (October 7, 1991).
1205:
1055:
1032:
1023:
991:
925:"Apple Finally Enters Notebook Market"
866:
720:
698:
689:
672:
649:
626:
556:
522:
520:
1499:
1378:
1182:
875:. McGraw-Hill/Irwin. pp. 59–82.
824:
798:
716:
714:
629:"Crowds converge on NE Computer Show"
547:
501:Reid, T. R. (October 10, 1988).
480:. Taylor & Francis. p. 205.
474:Hart, Norman; John Stapleton (2012).
417:
415:
1427:
1301:
895:
889:
825:Lewis, Peter H. (October 17, 1989).
777:Carroll, Paul B. (October 5, 1988).
750:
699:Winter, Christine (April 24, 1988).
500:
405:
1428:Sims, Calvin (September 28, 1999).
1325:McCormick, John (August 31, 1992).
1275:Boudette, Neal (November 4, 1991).
1185:"Color LCDs Come of Age on Laptops"
1153:
1011:Haggett, Scott (November 3, 1992).
992:Hollis, Robert (January 27, 1991).
902:. Sams Publishing. pp. 75–78.
899:ThinkPad: A Different Shade of Blue
770:
627:Needle, David (December 13, 1982).
517:
13:
1302:Reid, T. R. (April 6, 1992).
1133:Perrault, Michael (July 9, 1993).
1049:
923:Siegmann, Ken (October 21, 1991).
856:. Ziff-Davis: 76 – via Gale.
751:Reid, T. R. (July 31, 1989).
711:
412:
14:
2256:
1474:
1352:Striegler, Thomas D. (May 1997).
1019:: L14 – via Newspapers.com.
981:– via the Internet Archive.
912:– via the Internet Archive.
885:– via the Internet Archive.
801:"Honey, They Shrunk the Computer"
799:Lewis, Peter H. (July 23, 1989).
54:was coined to describe slab-like
2208:
2207:
1091:(11). Rogers Publishing: 97, 99
848:Bridges, Linda (March 1, 1999).
1454:Upgrading and Repairing Laptops
1421:
1402:DiCarlo, Lisa (July 22, 1996).
1395:
1372:
1345:
1318:
1295:
1268:
1249:
1222:
1199:
1176:
1126:
1099:
1072:
1004:
985:
971:. McGraw-Hill. pp. 57–59.
958:
942:Staff writer (March 25, 1992).
935:
916:
841:
792:
744:
666:
432:
1206:Suplee, Curt (April 2, 1991).
1079:Staff writer (November 1994).
650:Needle, David (May 14, 1984).
643:
620:
599:
577:
527:Williams, Gregg (April 1982).
494:
467:
16:Obsolete size class of laptops
1:
1364:(5). PennWell Publishing: 62
1310:. p. F18. Archived from
1183:Krohn, Nico (July 11, 1990).
1056:Greene, Martin (March 1992).
1033:Vowels, Andrew (March 1995).
759:. p. F22. Archived from
509:. p. F28. Archived from
461:
1241:(12). Mansueto Ventures: 26
1214:. p. E5. Archived from
1035:"Have computer, will travel"
477:The CIM Marketing Dictionary
124:
7:
1229:Stewart, Doug (Fall 1992).
652:"Epson's PX-8 lap computer"
368:
10:
2261:
1958:Personal digital assistant
931:: B1 – via ProQuest.
867:Thomke, Stefan H. (2007).
294:). Under the aegis of the
258:compatible with the IBM PC
212:
2203:
2138:
2107:
2084:
2019:
1991:
1896:
1873:
1816:
1807:
1700:
1640:
1633:
1553:
1546:
1537:
1467:– via Google Books.
1327:"Fast Notebook Computers"
1081:"The Virtual Corporation"
968:Managing Product Families
896:Dell, Deborah A. (2000).
740:– via Google Books.
707:: 1 – via ProQuest.
610:Oxford English Dictionary
589:Oxford English Dictionary
573:– via Google Books.
557:Safire, William (2011) .
490:– via Google Books.
176:Oxford English Dictionary
1331:Government Computer News
730:. Wiley. pp. 7–17.
2195:Wireless sensor network
1451:Mueller, Scott (2004).
1168:(157). EMAP Media: 105
1139:Denver Business Journal
929:San Francisco Chronicle
783:The Wall Street Journal
607:"notebook computer, n."
421:In countries observing
1968:Portable data terminal
1358:Solid State Technology
1354:"The Asian LCD Market"
827:"Compaq Does It Again"
585:"laptop, n. & adj"
290:(a predecessor to the
241:
138:
28:
2151:Information appliance
1973:Portable media player
1916:Handheld game console
1337:(18). 1105 Media: 77
1118:(45). Ziff-Davis: S9
1095:– via ProQuest.
850:"Making a Difference"
807:: A11. Archived from
400:Pizza-box form factor
235:
165:traced the origin of
132:
22:
2245:Classes of computers
1926:Mobile data terminal
1906:Electronic organizer
1578:Intelligent terminal
1287:(44). Ziff-Davis: 1
1058:"Traveling Desktops"
950:: D7. Archived from
837:on October 19, 2023.
833:: C8. Archived from
673:Editor (July 1986).
92:IBM PC compatibility
1486:Computer Chronicles
1436:: 1. Archived from
1308:The Washington Post
1212:The Washington Post
998:The San Diego Union
757:The Washington Post
727:Laptops for Dummies
507:The Washington Post
98:, whose successful
39:was historically a
2183:Computer-on-module
2041:Digital wristwatch
1843:Mobile workstation
1613:Video game console
1573:Internet appliance
1481:"Notebooks" (1992)
1457:. Que. p. 2.
1434:The New York Times
1231:"The Office to Go"
1017:The Financial Post
948:The New York Times
831:The New York Times
805:The New York Times
395:Mobile workstation
242:
161:. The etymologist
157:) but larger than
151:portable computers
139:
56:portable computers
29:
2222:
2221:
2171:Rugged smartphone
2080:
2079:
2076:
2075:
1803:
1802:
1799:
1798:
1757:Small form factor
1583:Interactive kiosk
1368:– via Gale.
1341:– via Gale.
1291:– via Gale.
1245:– via Gale.
1172:– via Gale.
1149:– via Gale.
1122:– via Gale.
1085:Canadian Business
438:For example, the
406:Explanatory notes
33:notebook computer
2252:
2240:Mobile computers
2211:
2210:
2046:Calculator watch
2029:Activity tracker
1814:
1813:
1638:
1637:
1551:
1550:
1544:
1543:
1520:
1513:
1506:
1497:
1496:
1491:Internet Archive
1469:
1468:
1448:
1442:
1441:
1440:on May 27, 2015.
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1097:
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1069:
1062:Black Enterprise
1053:
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1046:
1030:
1021:
1020:
1008:
1002:
1001:
989:
983:
982:
962:
956:
955:
954:on May 26, 2015.
939:
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822:
813:
812:
811:on May 25, 2015.
796:
790:
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763:on May 5, 2024.
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533:-Sized Computer"
524:
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498:
492:
491:
471:
455:
436:
430:
419:
355:becoming blurred
343:pointing devices
223:TRS-80 Model 100
186:desktop computer
159:pocket computers
72:TRS-80 Model 100
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2255:
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2199:
2156:Microcontroller
2146:Embedded system
2134:
2103:
2072:
2015:
1987:
1983:Ultra-mobile PC
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1400:
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1314:on May 5, 2024.
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1223:
1218:on May 5, 2024.
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705:Chicago Tribune
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690:
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648:
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625:
621:
616:on May 5, 2024.
605:
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1668:Personal super
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1563:Arcade cabinet
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2063:Smartglasses
2006:Programmable
1931:Mobile phone
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1784:Blade server
1623:Microconsole
1618:Home console
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1921:Handheld PC
1853:Subnotebook
1831:Convertible
1692:Workstation
1685:Home server
1608:Thin client
1588:Rich client
1162:"Portables"
722:Gookin, Dan
679:PC Magazine
529:"The First
452:floppy disk
331:palmtop PCs
260:. The term
246:miniaturize
155:"luggables"
135:Epson HX-20
76:form factor
2229:Categories
2068:Smart ring
2056:Sportwatch
2051:Smartwatch
2034:Smart band
2011:Scientific
1993:Calculator
1953:Palmtop PC
1946:Smartphone
1883:Detachable
1708:All-in-one
1658:Industrial
1555:Appliances
462:References
141:The terms
107:converging
2190:Smartdust
2125:Minisuper
2120:Mainframe
2099:Supermini
1863:Smartbook
1838:Cloudbook
1740:Pizza box
1634:Computers
1593:Simulator
1385:InfoWorld
1262:Newsbytes
1189:InfoWorld
656:InfoWorld
633:InfoWorld
440:UltraLite
390:Ultrabook
385:Smartbook
363:notebooks
351:palm rest
347:touchpads
339:Ergonomic
303:Dataquest
288:PS/2 Note
284:PowerBook
254:UltraLite
125:Etymology
88:UltraLite
80:clamshell
50:The term
2214:Category
2086:Midrange
2021:Wearable
2001:Graphing
1978:Siftable
1911:E-reader
1898:Handheld
1848:Notebook
1789:Blade PC
1772:Stick PC
1752:Portable
1735:Deskside
1718:Tabletop
1663:Personal
1603:Smart TV
724:(2005).
375:Dynabook
369:See also
345:such as
292:ThinkPad
286:and the
262:notebook
191:Notebook
183:, as in
147:notebook
115:notebook
52:notebook
37:notebook
2235:Laptops
1941:Feature
1888:Phablet
1858:Netbook
1762:Mini PC
1730:Desktop
1723:Surface
1701:By size
1531:classes
1489:at the
1408:PC Week
1281:PC Week
1166:PC User
1112:PC Week
423:ISO 216
380:Netbook
213:History
205:-sized
181:desktop
2212:
2166:Rugged
2139:Others
1963:Pocket
1936:Camera
1875:Tablet
1826:2-in-1
1818:Laptop
1809:Mobile
1680:Server
1675:Public
1648:Gaming
1641:By use
1547:Static
1461:
1366:et seq
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1170:et seq
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1120:et seq
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359:laptop
267:Compaq
203:letter
171:laptop
167:laptop
143:laptop
119:laptop
111:laptop
96:Compaq
41:laptop
2130:Super
2108:Large
1745:Tower
1713:Panel
1539:Micro
854:eWeek
312:steal
276:Apple
238:Sharp
199:HX-20
195:Epson
68:Tandy
64:HX-20
60:Epson
2161:Nano
2115:Grid
2094:Mini
1779:Rack
1767:Plug
1653:Home
1529:and
1459:ISBN
973:ISBN
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877:ISBN
732:ISBN
565:ISBN
537:Byte
531:Byte
482:ISBN
446:and
316:LCDs
278:and
236:The
145:and
133:The
113:and
66:and
23:The
1235:Inc
1039:CMA
448:ROM
444:RAM
280:IBM
271:LTE
269:'s
250:NEC
197:'s
100:LTE
86:'s
84:NEC
70:'s
62:'s
35:or
2231::
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31:A
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637:4
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454:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
