513:
120,000 cubic meters (4,200,000 cu ft) bedrock which was blasted. This included the 4 hectares (9.9 acres) island of Valøya. The lumber harbor was dredged of 200,000 cubic meters (7,100,000 cu ft) of earthwork, while on the opposite side of the site a 235-meter (771 ft) port was built. The leveling was completed in mid 1964, after which work on the actual mill building started. Total building area measured 31,107 square meters (334,830 sq ft), of which the paper machine halls filled 15,000 square meters (160,000 sq ft) in a hall measuring 240 by 58 meters (787 by 190 ft). The first ship, with steel to the oil tanks, docked on 2 September 1965.
762:
706:
816:, but was dependent on the thermal power station to receive sufficient power. Between the two investments were stipulated to between NOK 7 and 8 billion. The investments were placed on hold of several factors. One was a general decline in the demand for paper, and general increasing costs in Norway, making Noske Skog prefer investments in their foreign mills. Another reason was that Norske Skog spent most of its capital purchasing foreign mills in an attempt to become a dominant worldwide manufacturer of newsprint and magazine paper.
1003:
540:
operations on 14 November 1967. By then the company had a staff of 417 employees. In their original configuration the two paper machines had a production of 430 meters (1,410 ft) per minute. Most of the lumber came from an effectivization program carried out in the woods, through construction of more roads and increased mechanization, allow the workload per cubic meter of wood to drop to a fifth during the 1960s. This allowed more marginal areas to be logged.
629:, the largest sawmill in the region, situated in Namsos. Although there was a slight opposition from the authorities, 97 percent of Van Severen was bought in late 1970, followed by a take-over of Ranheim on 1 July 1971. A Swedish subsidiary was established on 1 May 1970 with responsibility for procuring pulpwood from Sweden. Within a few years imports reached 500,000 cubic meters (18,000,000 cu ft). The acquisitions resulted in Nordenfjelske becoming a
477:. The government pressed for it to be located near Namsos, but on 5 December the board chose unanimously to locate it at Fiborgtangen in Skogn. The peninsula had bedrock, which was needed to support the up to 3000-tonne paper machines, and there was sufficient space for five machines. There was also a shallow bay which could be filled in to store lumber. There was ample access for fresh water. The site was located next to the
59:
689:
cubic meters (11,000,000 cu ft) of lumber and produce 140,000 tonnes of newsprint, bringing the mill's total annual production to 380,000 tonnes. However, the opening coincided with a decline in newsprint demand, resulting in the machines running at reduced capacity. To supply its cellulose, Norske Skog teamed up with other
Norwegian paper mills and established
553:
328:. The long distances and hence transport costs cut into the prices, giving the forest-owners reduced revenue. At the time the forest industry was until 1957 organized through a price regulation mechanism, with maximum prices for lumber set by the government. Prices were set through negotiations between forest owner associations, organized by
505:, with concerns that it would lead to an overdemand for lumber. The second machine, PM2, received political approval, and was approved by the annual meeting on 10 April 1964. The extra NOK 75 in funding was secured through issuing additional shares, bringing the share equity to NOK 64 million. The rest was borrowed.
653:
as needed. PM1 was renovated and upgraded in a two-month period in 1975. This followed the standardization of newsprint to 48.8 g/m as well as optimized the paper for offset printing. This and other refinements allowed the speed of the paper machine to increase to 900 meters per minute, up from 430 at start-up.
831:
Fiborgtangen produced 519,000 tonnes in 2003. The ensuing decade saw a gradual reduction in the demand for newsprint. Further rationalizations were carried out, reducing the number of employees to 370 by 2014. Norske Skog decided to consolidate its newsprint production in Norway to Skogn, closing down
906:
The mill has three paper machines, all which produce newsprint. PM1 is also able to produce improved newsprint. All three use mix of virgin and recycled fibers, with PM3 utilizing 45 percent DIP, while the other two run at 20 percent. Total annual capacity is 600,000 tonnes. Production was at 451,000
738:
Norske Skog merged with Follum and Tofte on 13 October 1989, with the newly merged company retaining the Norske Skog name and brand. The corporation's head office remained at
Fiborgtangen. Newsprint prices fell dramatically during the early 1990s, so that the company went with a loss despite the cost
680:
Several of the small pulp mills in Norway were struggling through the 1970s. Exports were decimated with the bankruptcy of key
British paper mills were combined with small-scale and thus high-cost production. Meanwhile, new environmental restriction required all-new plants. Pulp mills were therefore
646:
597:
The 1960s represented a period with record-high growth rates in paper consumption. The company made a profit of NOK 19.4 million during its first year of production. However, the increased consumption was initially met also with increased production, through several new paper machines in Europe.
424:
The shares were offered for sale on 30 October 1961, with a total value of NOK 49 million. The forest owner associations purchased shares for NOK 28 million. This consisted of NOK 12 million by the southern associations, NOK 11 million by the northern associations, and NOK 5
830:
Newsprint prices dropped in 2003, and the mill presented a profit of NOK 201 million—the worst in twenty years. The company took advantage to take the paper machines out of production to allow them to be maintained, upgraded and the speed increased. The mill also cuts its staff from 610 to 515.
725:
PM1 and PM2 were rebuilt, while PM3 received an overhaul and minor upgrades. The TMPs were also upgraded, allowing the original mechanical pulp mill from the 1960s to be shut down. By 1992 Fiborgtangen received ninety-eight percent of its fibers from TMP, cutting the use of cellulose to two percent.
688:
PM3 cost NOK 700 million, financed through a combination of new share issues, loans and export credits. The work included expanding the TMP from 100 to 600 tonnes per day, and a new thermal power plant for bark. PM3 became operational on 23 June 1981. The machine would require a further 300,000
543:
The village of Skogn had previously been concentrated around Skogn
Station. The opening of the mill caused the area to experience rapid expansion. Two new subdivisions were built around the village – Holåsen for engineers and functionaries and Holsandlia for foremen. The increased population was key
664:
mechanical pulping. TMP allowed for more long fibers to be retained, thus improving the strength. This allowed for cellulose content to be dropped from fifteen percent, which would allow for cost-savings along with faster processing through the paper machines. The first TMP machine was installed in
652:
The early 1970s saw the transformation to more automated processes. The accounting systems were transferred to computers in 1970, followed by the paper machines in 1972 and 1973. These systems automatically measured the water content of the pulp at various stages and then adjusted the input factors
676:
hit the demand for newsprint hard, and from 1973 to 1978 the mill experienced low prices, high inflation, increasing energy and lumber prices combined with a stagnation of newsprint prices. Meanwhile, the company was working on establishing a third paper machine, PM3. Formal work commenced in 1972
750:
consideration of which mill to build the recycling plant at, and ultimately Skogn was preferred over Follum in a board decision made in August 1993. Skogn was selected because it created mostly standard newsprint and exported to the
European market which demanded high deinked pulp (DIP) content.
512:
to design the mill. Fifteen homes had to be abandoned to build the mill, which took over an area of 40 hectares (99 acres). This included 18 hectares (44 acres) of agricultural land. Fiborgtangen was leveled by removing 180,000 cubic meters (6,400,000 cu ft) of earthwork in addition to
420:
in 1919, where the direct ownership of forest owners had been gradually diluted and had ultimately lost control. The central and southern associations had sufficient capital to simply pay out, while forest-owners
Nordensfjells were charged a six-percent fee on all lumber for five years to secure
496:
Initially the plans had called for a single paper machine with an annual production capacity of 100,000 cubic meters (3,500,000 cu ft). In the midst of construction the issue of building a second machine was raised. There was an overproduction of chemical pulp and this could be bought
383:
which had recently opened. The ministries gave a preliminary support to the forest owners' proposal, allowing funding for further investigations. This ultimately led to
Nordenfjell Commission being established on 19 June 1959. It had three members each from the government, forest owners and the
757:
plant to be completed by 1996. However, concerns regarding increased investment costs and price fluctuation kept postponing the investment decision. The board approved the plans in
February 1998 and construction began in early 1999. By then the scale had increased and the capacity increased to
539:
The first lumber was delivered to the mill on 1 March 1966, months before the mill was completed. The company used the time to establish a buffer of lumber. The company started courses opened to all interested to attract potential workers. PM1 was started on 15 September at 23:00. PM2 started
993:
10 cu ft) of water. All heating is produced through biofuels or recycling from the TMP mills. The main bio sources are bark from lumber and recycled slam from the decontamination processes from process water. The mill uses 405 GWh annually of recycled heat and 348 GWh from bioheat.
578:
Contracts were predominantly signed for one year at a time. Sixty-one percent of the production the first year was exported to
Western Europe, while thirty percent was shipped intercontinentally. The company gradually established a series of sales offices and contracted agents globally. The
749:
initiated proceedings to secure a source for domestic paper reuse. This led to an agreement in 1992 between Norske Skog and the ministry, in which the company obliged themselves to build a recycling plant for 100,000 tonnes, in exchange for access to the scrap paper. There was an internal
722:. To remain competitive Norske Skog needed both to improve quality and cut production costs. This was achieved through the rationalization program NT90, which ran from 1986 through 1991. Total costs reached NOK 2 billion. A quarter of this was financed through issuing new shares.
339:
was therefore both based on the desire for proximity as well as the desire for the forest owners themselves to own the mill. Plans were therefore gradually articulated within the
Norwegian Forest Owners Association and its chapters. Various proposals were made, including expanding
1021:, 185,000 cubic meters (6,500,000 cu ft) of wood chippings, 160,000 tonnes of recycled paper and 31,000 tonnes of fillings as its fiber sources in 2014. About 100,000 cubic meters (3,500,000 cu ft) of this arrives by train, the rest a mix of trucks and by sea.
524:. Supply was provided through 3.8 kilometers (2.4 mi) of tunnels and 4.2 kilometers (2.6 mi) of pipes. By agreement the mill could use 3 cubic meters (110 cu ft) of water each second. A branch road was built from the E6 and a branch railway line was built from
858:. PM1 was in 2013 switched to an improved newsprint, typically used for supplements and which allowed for better prices. The following year Norske Skog established an industrial park at Fiborgtangen, attracting several smaller companies to establish themselves on the premises.
399:
Representatives for the forest owners traveled in February 1961 to Finland to inspect cooperative mills there. The Norwegian Forest Owners Association approved the plans on 20 March. The main opposition to the mill came from the other forest industry companies in the country.
415:
where the various forest owner associations would purchase a majority stake. The reason for avoiding a cooperative proper was that it would have difficulties raising the necessary capital. The forest-owner domination was retained based on the experience from the purchase of
898:
from the lumber is extracted and used in as on-site heating. The second source of pulp is from recycled paper, sourced both domestically and through import. The recycled paper goes through a deinking process before becoming usable deinkled pulp (DIP). A small portion of
668:
Because the TMPs were a closed system, it allowed for recycling of heat, which cut oil considerably. A thermocompression system was installed between 1980 and 1982, allowing the oil consumption use for the entire mill to be cut by between a third and a fourth.
294:
could be dropped. PM3 became operational on 23 June 1981. The machines have been through several major upgrades, the most extensive in the late 1980s and early 2000s. A deinking mill became operational in June 2000. Proposals for PM4, which would have produced
624:
This resulted in Nordenfjelske entering negotiations with Ranheim in 1969 about mering the two companies. A primary concern was to concentrate the purchasing of lumber in Central Norway. This caused Nordenfjelske to also start negotiating an acquisition with
885:
The plant features two sources of pulp – a thermomechanical pulp mill and a deinkling mill. These feed three paper machines, all which produce newsprint. Operations run around the clock, where the process and supervisory workers work in five shifts.
384:
forest industry. The commission was set to consider the mill's location, the amount of lumber it needed, processing techniques as well and financing and ownership issues. A pulp mill was considered, based on recently abandoned proposals for one in
809:. Permission was granted in 2001 for a plant with an annual output of 6.4 terawatt-hours. However, high gas prices compared to electricity prices meant that the power station was never economically viable and was never built.
717:
Fiborgtangen had about 700 employees during the 1980s. From 1984 and the following years there was an increase in newsprint demand. Customers demanded better quality paper, particularly aimed at more advanced offset printing and
590:. Nordenfjelske also produced a lighter 45 g/m intended for newspapers and 40 g/m for directories. Shortly afterwards improved quality newsprint was launched under the Norfi brand, and Norweb was produced optimized for
575:. They formed the joint venture Borregaard & Nordenfjelske on 1 October 1964, in anticipation for Borregaard to start their own newsprint mill. This continued onwards even after Borregaard shelved their newsprint plans.
910:
The following is a list of the three paper machines and their production variables – the newsprint's trimmed width, the paper type, the annual production capacity in tonnes, and the deinked pulp (DIP) content in percent.
734:
were stored heaps, easing access. The paper storage and docks were expanded, and a new wing was added to the office building. NT90 allowed total production to increase from 400,000 to 500,000 tonnes annually.
425:
million by the central organization. NOK 10 million of the shares were offered on the open market, with individual forest-owners encouraged to buy shares. NOK 5 million was bought by various
571:
and Follum, had joined forces with Swedish and Finnish counterparts to form the newsprint sales organization Scannews. Nordenfjelske was barred for entering the cartel and instead chose to ally with
882:. It is the sole producer of newsprint in Norway. The company had a revenue of NOK 1,768 million in 2013, running with an operational deficit of NOK 26 million. It has 405 employees.
598:
From 1968 demand exceeded production, resulting in high margins. The mill made a NOK 30-million profit in 1968, rising to NOK 47 million two years later. The company was listed on
392:, that it receive one paper machine with an annual output of 100,000 tonnes, a mechanical pulp mill with an annual production of 80,000 tonnes and 20,000 tonnes of pulp produced through the
613:, of which it needed an annual supply of 40,000 tonnes. Proposals called for a sulfate pulp mill at Fiborgtangen, but this was met by opposition locally due to the concerns of the smell.
438:
364:. This led to the establishment of the Forest Owners Industrial Committee Nordenfjelds on 8 December. An important preliminary work was the calculation that Central Norway had a chronic
894:
The plan has two value chains to produce pulp. The first is thermomechanical process, which is fed chippings directly from external sources, as well as on-side chopping of lumber. The
2024:
2032:
352:. Formal talks were initiated at a meeting held between the regional forest owners associations on 14 June 1958, initially discussing the possibilities of establishing a mill in
579:
organization varied somewhat. In for instance Germany and the United Kingdom subsidiaries were eventually established. In the Netherlands and Belgium this was conducted through
730:
plant was installed, allowing logs to be debarked in full length. The lumber harbor was filled in and lumber storage was moved to land, where they were more easily accessible.
1068:
has a deadweight tonnage of 4,968 tonnes, and has a deck area of 1,756 square meters (18,900 sq ft). Sea voyages depart twice weekly out of the on-facility port.
275:. The first lumber was delivered on 1 March 1966 and the first paper machine, PM1, became operation on 15 September. PM2 started running on 14 November 1967. After buying
1972:
1072:
685:
were mentioned as sites, as these had recently lost pulp mills. Norske Skog retained that without placing PM3 at Fiborgtangen the project would lose its profitability.
603:
1429:
773:
With the deregulation of the electricity market in the 1990s, Norske Skog was concerned regarding its purchasing price of power. An agreement was struck in 1998 with
1084:
657:
237:
2101:
614:
2471:
2065:
633:, where the factor at Fiborgtangen merely was the largest mill. The group took the name Norske Skogindustrier ("Norwegian Forest Industries") and started
2137:
681:
being closed throughout the country. Several politicians proposed that a new paper machine should be located elsewhere, and locations such as Namsos and
324:
the wood industry in Trøndelag was outdated and had limited capacity. Forest-owners were forced to sell large portions of their lumber to industries in
1095:. The branch is 2.8 kilometers (1.7 mi) long and runs through a loop at Fiborgtangen. There is a 335 meters (1,099 ft) tunnel on the branch.
442:
379:
commenced in January 1959. One issue which lay in the air was that the government might want to instead establish a government-owned mill, similar to
271:, the company was incorporated on 1 March 1962. Forest owner associations held a majority of the shares and the mill was long considered part of the
1968:
1917:
819:
The company also worked on plans to build a container port at Fiborgtangen. In addition to serving the company's own needs, it hoped to establish a
2476:
851:
2384:
1826:
489:, allowing for good transport. In addition to being located centrally in the forest-rich Trøndelag, it was near routes to the Swedish forests in
626:
586:
Nordenfjelske branded its newsprint as Nornews and adapted the slogan "Nornews is good news". The standard newsprint was at the time 52
276:
812:
Parallel these plans, Norske Skog considered the possibility of building a fourth paper machine at Fiborgtangen. PM4 was planned to produce
2133:
2097:
2061:
2017:
1029:
1025:
855:
1091:. The mill has a branch line from the Nordland Line just south of Skogn Station, branching off at 75.44 kilometers (46.88 mi) from
843:
376:
536:. Construction cost NOK 31 million, making it at the time the most expensive privately funding industrial complex in Norway.
2456:
2028:
677:
and the corporate assembly approved the plans on 5 December 1977, giving the board freedom to proceed as was deemed favorable.
2262:
2231:
465:
as the board's chairman. One of the issues the company had to address was the location of the mill. Sites were considered in
1939:
430:
2466:
1425:
746:
388:, a site found to be too remote. The commission recommended unanimously on 27 January 1961 that the mill be organized as a
2430:
426:
272:
256:
21:
533:
368:
of 300,000 cubic meters (11,000,000 cu ft) of lumber annually, which needed to be allocated to new industry.
137:
2193:
2090:
2204:
1064:
has a deadweight tonnage of 5,353 tonnes, and has a deck area of 1,880 square meters (20,200 sq ft). MV
501:
would be needed; this could be secured from Jämtland. There was a certain political opposition, especially in the
329:
777:
to purchase necessary power to an agreed-upon price until 2020. The company also started working on plans for a
544:
to the development of Skogn reaching a population of 2,400 and has helped develop the village and its services.
2435:
2054:
2126:
372:
283:, the company took the name Norske Skog in 1972 and gradually expanded beyond their inaugural mill at Skogn.
761:
705:
621:
and proposed that it increase the output to 140,000 tonnes annually in order to also supply Fiborgtangen.
286:
A TMP mill was installed 1977, but not until a series of upgrades were completed in 1992 could the former
1913:
567:
Only ten percent of the newsprint production could be sold domestically. The main Norwegian competitors,
502:
1028:. This is carried out through three purpose-built sidedoor vessels. Between them they operate routes to
2255:
1092:
637:
Norske Skog on 28 April 1972. The mill at Fiborgtangen was oftentimes referred to as Nordenfjelske.
2425:
2181:
806:
304:
79:
2223:
2185:
823:
facility which would allow the port to serve all of Trøndelag, as well as transit freight from
408:, and offered to allow forest owners and the government receive a third of the ownership each.
2290:
2175:
875:
870:
and a wholly owned subsidiary of Norske Skogsindustrier. Within the concern it is a separate
778:
673:
437:. Securing the remaining NOK 125 million through loans proved to be more difficult. The
520:, took place in late December. Water was provided by Levanger Municipality from the lake of
2461:
2248:
280:
8:
1060:
of 7,500 tonnes, and has a deck area of 4,070 square meters (43,800 sq ft). MV
989:
The mill consumed 1,079 GWh of electric power in 2014 and 255,770,000 cubic meters (9.032
599:
457:
Nordenfjelske Treforedling A/S was incorporated on 1 March 1962, initially registered in
300:
2331:
411:
Instead of organizing the company as a cooperative proper, the new company was to be an
2341:
2326:
2316:
1057:
836:
727:
630:
482:
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cheaply and easily. An additional 150,000 cubic meters (5,300,000 cu ft) of
2374:
2369:
2336:
2227:
2189:
900:
832:
786:
568:
561:
690:
401:
321:
1999:
1872:
1855:
1775:
1770:
742:
591:
486:
393:
357:
1080:
509:
2397:
2364:
2351:
813:
794:
719:
441:
issued a NOK 50-million loan, while the rest was eventually split between
380:
365:
361:
325:
296:
264:
241:
174:
602:'s list of non-listed companies on 1 July 1969, followed by a main listing on
2450:
2409:
1889:
1809:
1792:
1754:
1737:
895:
871:
854:, as their shipping partner since 2003, a new tender shifted the operator to
847:
820:
731:
610:
587:
580:
525:
478:
291:
229:
36:
23:
1870:
Falstad, Svein Helge (24 October 2014), "Skogn-papiret mer lønnsomt igjen",
1088:
1024:
Import of recycled paper and export of newsprint have been subcontracted to
1002:
2392:
2359:
1887:
Tronstad, Hans (19 November 2013), "Inviterer flere inn portene på Skogn",
867:
790:
529:
446:
412:
336:
233:
221:
97:
69:
405:
2402:
2271:
2215:
782:
389:
249:
179:
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353:
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417:
341:
287:
205:
153:
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774:
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617:
in Trondheim was at the time considering building a new pulp mill at
521:
458:
349:
217:
201:
129:
1017:
The plant used 567,000 cubic meters (20,000,000 cu ft) of
1010:
824:
766:
754:
710:
682:
498:
434:
385:
345:
245:
209:
105:
1807:
Tronstad, Hans (6 February 2004), "Planlegger kjempeinvestering",
516:
Delivery of the first parts of the paper machine, manufactured by
2321:
1824:
Svendsen, Roger M. (8 November 2014), "Nye kutt på Norske Skog",
1790:
Tronstad, Hans (27 March 2002), "Lokker havnebrukere til Skogn",
1049:
1045:
1033:
802:
618:
299:, were abandoned after the plans to build a gas-powered on-site
1079:
twice per week, one weekly train arrives from Jämtland via the
879:
517:
474:
470:
466:
260:
213:
109:
2240:
1752:
Tronstad, Hans (8 November 2002), "Skogn får ny papirmaskin",
58:
1076:
798:
694:
557:
225:
101:
1735:
Tronstad, Hans (4 April 2000), "Positivt for Skogn-planer",
335:
The initiative for establishing a major industry for lumber
189:
745:
became common abroad during the 1980s and subsequently the
1997:
Midjo, Per-Magne (12 January 2008), "Kjærlighet på rull",
609:
Meanwhile, Nordenfjelske started looking at the supply of
552:
656:
The next step was introduction of a new pulp process,
252:, it is the sole remaining newsprint mill in Norway.
1969:"Norske Skog Skogn AS – Helse, miljø og sikkerhet"
556:The mill seen in the background in an overview of
236:is produced both from virgin fibers at an on-site
2202:
1971:(in Norwegian). Norske Skog. 2014. Archived from
2448:
874:and one of two mills in Norway, the other being
259:, who wanted a major industrial facility to buy
232:with a total annual capacity of 600,000 tonnes.
758:170,000 tonnes. Operations began in June 2000.
2256:
1284:
1282:
404:proposed that they could build a new mill in
2203:Dybevik, Carsten; Langfjæran, Jarle (2012).
1853:"Norske Skog Skogn skifter sjøtransportør".
789:. This would be supplied through a proposed
2472:Manufacturing companies established in 1962
2173:
1859:(in Norwegian). 29 August 2012. p. 15.
665:1977, with a daily capacity of 120 tonnes.
290:production be scrapped and the need to buy
2263:
2249:
1848:
1846:
1279:
1428:. Levanger Municipality. 3 October 2001.
781:at Fiborgtangen, which could be fired by
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1906:
1904:
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1900:
1886:
1823:
1806:
1789:
1771:"Skogn-fabrikken nok en gang lyspunktet"
1751:
1734:
1001:
903:is added to the pulp before processing.
866:Norske Skog Skogn AS is organized as an
760:
704:
644:
551:
2477:Norwegian companies established in 1962
1869:
1843:
1768:
1631:
1629:
1627:
144:
16:Pulp and paper mill in Levanger, Norway
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2214:
2029:Norwegian National Rail Administration
2012:
2010:
1963:
1961:
1959:
1957:
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1272:
1270:
1206:
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2244:
1996:
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1183:
1181:
1179:
753:The initial agreement called for the
1920:from the original on 8 February 2015
1769:Falstad, Svein Helge (8 June 2015),
1624:
485:and was on the ice-free part of the
2431:Norwegian Forest Owners Association
2007:
1954:
1567:
1555:
1543:
1388:
1356:
1344:
1319:
1303:
1291:
1267:
1199:
1083:, and there is a weekly train from
435:State-owned Land and Forest Company
433:. The remaining NOK 7 million
257:Norwegian Forest Owners Association
255:Proposals for a mill came from the
13:
2174:Bjerke, Thor; Holom, Finn (2004).
1176:
547:
431:Nord-Trøndelag County Municipality
344:, or building new mills either in
14:
2488:
2143:from the original on 30 June 2015
2107:from the original on 30 June 2015
2071:from the original on 30 June 2015
2018:"Økt virkestransport på jernbane"
1432:from the original on 29 June 2015
2035:from the original on 1 July 2015
2025:Norwegian Agricultural Authority
700:
534:Nord-Trøndelag Elektrisitetsverk
356:. Central in the initiative was
57:
2270:
2167:
2155:
2119:
2083:
2047:
1990:
1932:
1880:
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1615:
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1597:
1588:
1579:
1534:
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1516:
1507:
1498:
1489:
1480:
1471:
1462:
1453:
1444:
1418:
1409:
1400:
1379:
1370:
1335:
1258:
1249:
1240:
1231:
1222:
1213:
1190:
1071:Lumber is hauled by train from
452:
2457:Pulp and paper mills in Norway
2436:Malaysian Newsprint Industries
2180:(in Norwegian). Hamar / Oslo:
1876:(in Norwegian), pp. 16–17
1167:
1158:
1149:
1140:
1131:
1122:
1113:
1104:
640:
1:
1098:
1013:for transport to Fiborgtangen
889:
861:
532:per year of electricity from
461:. The annual meeting elected
269:Nordenfjelske Treforedling AS
997:
660:(TMP), replacing the former
320:In the period following the
7:
2467:Companies based in Levanger
1840:Dybevik & Langfjæran: 8
765:Transshipment of lumber in
747:Ministry of the Environment
709:Transshipment of lumber in
528:. An agreement secured 300
315:
10:
2493:
1893:(in Norwegian), p. 24
1758:(in Norwegian), p. 17
1741:(in Norwegian), p. 17
797:. Norske Skog allied with
310:
2418:
2383:
2350:
2304:
2278:
2003:(in Norwegian), p. 7
1830:(in Norwegian), p. 5
1813:(in Norwegian), p. 8
1796:(in Norwegian), p. 8
1093:Trondheim Central Station
1073:Formofoss Lumber Terminal
974:847 cm (333 in)
970:
957:670 cm (260 in)
953:
940:667 cm (263 in)
936:
931:
928:
925:
922:
919:
439:District Development Fund
427:agricultural cooperatives
273:agricultural cooperatives
185:
173:
163:
151:
135:
125:
115:
93:
85:
75:
65:
56:
2426:Industrikraft Midt-Norge
2182:Norwegian Railway Museum
1942:(in Norwegian). Proff.no
807:Industrikraft Midt-Norge
769:heading for Fiborgtangen
713:heading for Fiborgtangen
604:Trondheim Stock Exchange
305:Industrikraft Midt-Norge
1085:Koppang Lumber Terminal
508:The company contracted
429:and the same amount by
377:Ministry of Agriculture
2224:Gyldendal Norsk Forlag
2222:(in Norwegian). Oslo:
2186:Norwegian Railway Club
1940:"Norske Skog Skogn AS"
1426:"Kommunedelplan Skogn"
1014:
770:
714:
649:
564:
473:, Skogn, Stjørdal and
371:Negotiations with the
159:NOK −26 million (2013)
121:Amund Saxrud (manager)
1005:
876:Norske Skog Saugbrugs
779:thermal power station
764:
708:
658:thermomechanical pulp
648:
606:from 2 January 1970.
555:
238:thermomechanical pulp
228:, the mill has three
37:63.71111°N 11.16111°E
373:Ministry of Industry
332:, and the industry.
281:Ranheim Papirfabrikk
248:(DIP) mill. Part of
240:(TMP) mill and from
198:Norske Skog Skogn AS
1914:"Norske Skog Skogn"
916:
833:Norske Skog Unionin
615:Ranheim Papirfabrik
600:Oslo Stock Exchange
421:sufficient equity.
301:thermal power plant
267:. Originally named
165:Number of employees
143:1,768 million
53:
33: /
2055:"Lysblink Seaways"
1978:on 8 February 2015
1058:deadweight tonnage
1015:
1009:loading lumber in
914:
842:After having used
837:Norske Skog Follum
771:
715:
650:
565:
503:Conservative Party
220:. Situated on the
190:www.norskeskog.com
51:
42:63.71111; 11.16111
2444:
2443:
2233:978-82-05-34625-3
2220:Langt fra stammen
2091:"M/V Trans Dania"
2031:. November 2010.
987:
986:
901:calcium carbonate
787:Heidrun Oil Field
674:1973–75 recession
562:Alstadhaug Church
303:were scrapped by
292:sulfite cellulose
216:, which produces
195:
194:
52:Norske Skog Skogn
2484:
2265:
2258:
2251:
2242:
2241:
2237:
2211:
2209:
2205:"Norske Skog 50"
2199:
2162:
2159:
2153:
2152:
2150:
2148:
2142:
2132:(in Norwegian).
2131:
2123:
2117:
2116:
2114:
2112:
2106:
2096:(in Norwegian).
2095:
2087:
2081:
2080:
2078:
2076:
2070:
2060:(in Norwegian).
2059:
2051:
2045:
2044:
2042:
2040:
2023:(in Norwegian).
2022:
2014:
2005:
2004:
1994:
1988:
1987:
1985:
1983:
1977:
1965:
1952:
1951:
1949:
1947:
1936:
1930:
1929:
1927:
1925:
1910:
1895:
1894:
1884:
1878:
1877:
1867:
1861:
1860:
1850:
1841:
1838:
1832:
1831:
1821:
1815:
1814:
1804:
1798:
1797:
1787:
1781:
1780:
1766:
1760:
1759:
1749:
1743:
1742:
1732:
1726:
1723:
1717:
1714:
1708:
1705:
1699:
1696:
1690:
1687:
1681:
1678:
1672:
1669:
1663:
1660:
1654:
1651:
1645:
1642:
1636:
1633:
1622:
1619:
1613:
1610:
1604:
1601:
1595:
1592:
1586:
1583:
1577:
1574:
1565:
1562:
1553:
1550:
1541:
1538:
1532:
1529:
1523:
1520:
1514:
1511:
1505:
1502:
1496:
1493:
1487:
1484:
1478:
1475:
1469:
1466:
1460:
1457:
1451:
1448:
1442:
1441:
1439:
1437:
1422:
1416:
1413:
1407:
1404:
1398:
1395:
1386:
1383:
1377:
1374:
1368:
1365:
1354:
1351:
1342:
1339:
1333:
1330:
1317:
1314:
1301:
1298:
1289:
1286:
1277:
1274:
1265:
1262:
1256:
1253:
1247:
1244:
1238:
1235:
1229:
1226:
1220:
1217:
1211:
1208:
1197:
1194:
1188:
1185:
1174:
1171:
1165:
1162:
1156:
1153:
1147:
1144:
1138:
1135:
1129:
1126:
1120:
1117:
1111:
1108:
992:
917:
913:
907:tonnes in 2014.
691:Tofte Industrier
483:European Road E6
402:Follum Fabrikker
322:Second World War
146:
138:Operating income
61:
54:
50:
48:
47:
45:
44:
43:
38:
34:
31:
30:
29:
26:
2492:
2491:
2487:
2486:
2485:
2483:
2482:
2481:
2447:
2446:
2445:
2440:
2414:
2379:
2346:
2300:
2274:
2269:
2234:
2207:
2196:
2170:
2165:
2160:
2156:
2146:
2144:
2140:
2129:
2125:
2124:
2120:
2110:
2108:
2104:
2093:
2089:
2088:
2084:
2074:
2072:
2068:
2057:
2053:
2052:
2048:
2038:
2036:
2020:
2016:
2015:
2008:
1995:
1991:
1981:
1979:
1975:
1967:
1966:
1955:
1945:
1943:
1938:
1937:
1933:
1923:
1921:
1916:. Norske Skog.
1912:
1911:
1898:
1885:
1881:
1868:
1864:
1852:
1851:
1844:
1839:
1835:
1822:
1818:
1805:
1801:
1788:
1784:
1767:
1763:
1750:
1746:
1733:
1729:
1724:
1720:
1715:
1711:
1706:
1702:
1697:
1693:
1688:
1684:
1679:
1675:
1670:
1666:
1661:
1657:
1652:
1648:
1643:
1639:
1634:
1625:
1620:
1616:
1611:
1607:
1602:
1598:
1593:
1589:
1584:
1580:
1575:
1568:
1563:
1556:
1551:
1544:
1539:
1535:
1530:
1526:
1521:
1517:
1512:
1508:
1503:
1499:
1494:
1490:
1485:
1481:
1476:
1472:
1467:
1463:
1458:
1454:
1449:
1445:
1435:
1433:
1424:
1423:
1419:
1414:
1410:
1405:
1401:
1396:
1389:
1384:
1380:
1375:
1371:
1366:
1357:
1352:
1345:
1340:
1336:
1331:
1320:
1315:
1304:
1299:
1292:
1287:
1280:
1275:
1268:
1263:
1259:
1254:
1250:
1245:
1241:
1236:
1232:
1227:
1223:
1218:
1214:
1209:
1200:
1195:
1191:
1186:
1177:
1172:
1168:
1163:
1159:
1154:
1150:
1145:
1141:
1136:
1132:
1127:
1123:
1118:
1114:
1109:
1105:
1101:
1000:
990:
915:Paper machines
892:
864:
839:in March 2012.
835:March 2006 and
743:Paper recycling
703:
643:
592:offset printing
550:
548:Early operation
487:Trondheimsfjord
455:
394:sulfite process
358:Ivar Aavatsmark
330:drainage system
318:
313:
166:
156:
140:
118:
41:
39:
35:
32:
27:
24:
22:
20:
19:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2490:
2480:
2479:
2474:
2469:
2464:
2459:
2442:
2441:
2439:
2438:
2433:
2428:
2422:
2420:
2416:
2415:
2413:
2412:
2407:
2406:
2405:
2400:
2389:
2387:
2381:
2380:
2378:
2377:
2372:
2367:
2362:
2356:
2354:
2348:
2347:
2345:
2344:
2339:
2334:
2329:
2324:
2319:
2314:
2308:
2306:
2302:
2301:
2299:
2298:
2293:
2288:
2282:
2280:
2276:
2275:
2268:
2267:
2260:
2253:
2245:
2239:
2238:
2232:
2212:
2210:. Norske Skog.
2200:
2194:
2169:
2166:
2164:
2163:
2154:
2118:
2082:
2046:
2006:
1989:
1953:
1931:
1896:
1879:
1862:
1842:
1833:
1816:
1799:
1782:
1779:(in Norwegian)
1761:
1744:
1727:
1718:
1709:
1700:
1691:
1682:
1673:
1664:
1655:
1646:
1637:
1623:
1614:
1605:
1596:
1587:
1578:
1566:
1554:
1542:
1533:
1524:
1515:
1506:
1497:
1488:
1479:
1470:
1461:
1452:
1443:
1417:
1408:
1399:
1387:
1378:
1369:
1355:
1343:
1334:
1318:
1302:
1290:
1278:
1266:
1257:
1248:
1239:
1230:
1221:
1212:
1198:
1189:
1175:
1166:
1157:
1148:
1139:
1130:
1121:
1112:
1102:
1100:
1097:
999:
996:
985:
984:
981:
978:
975:
972:
968:
967:
964:
961:
958:
955:
951:
950:
947:
944:
941:
938:
934:
933:
930:
927:
924:
921:
891:
888:
863:
860:
852:DFDS Logistics
814:magazine paper
795:Tjeldbergodden
732:Wood choppings
720:color printing
702:
699:
642:
639:
581:joint ventures
549:
546:
454:
451:
381:Norsk Jernverk
366:overproduction
362:Anders B. Werp
326:Eastern Norway
317:
314:
312:
309:
297:magazine paper
265:Central Norway
242:recycled paper
230:paper machines
193:
192:
187:
183:
182:
177:
171:
170:
167:
164:
161:
160:
157:
152:
149:
148:
141:
136:
133:
132:
127:
123:
122:
119:
116:
113:
112:
95:
91:
90:
87:
83:
82:
80:Pulp and paper
77:
73:
72:
67:
63:
62:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2489:
2478:
2475:
2473:
2470:
2468:
2465:
2463:
2460:
2458:
2455:
2454:
2452:
2437:
2434:
2432:
2429:
2427:
2424:
2423:
2421:
2417:
2411:
2408:
2404:
2401:
2399:
2396:
2395:
2394:
2391:
2390:
2388:
2386:
2382:
2376:
2373:
2371:
2368:
2366:
2363:
2361:
2358:
2357:
2355:
2353:
2349:
2343:
2340:
2338:
2335:
2333:
2330:
2328:
2325:
2323:
2320:
2318:
2315:
2313:
2310:
2309:
2307:
2303:
2297:
2294:
2292:
2289:
2287:
2284:
2283:
2281:
2277:
2273:
2266:
2261:
2259:
2254:
2252:
2247:
2246:
2243:
2235:
2229:
2225:
2221:
2217:
2213:
2206:
2201:
2197:
2195:82-90286-28-7
2191:
2187:
2183:
2179:
2178:
2177:Banedata 2004
2172:
2171:
2158:
2139:
2135:
2128:
2122:
2103:
2099:
2092:
2086:
2067:
2063:
2056:
2050:
2034:
2030:
2026:
2019:
2013:
2011:
2002:
2001:
2000:Trønder-Avisa
1993:
1974:
1970:
1964:
1962:
1960:
1958:
1941:
1935:
1919:
1915:
1909:
1907:
1905:
1903:
1901:
1892:
1891:
1890:Adresseavisen
1883:
1875:
1874:
1873:Trønder-Avisa
1866:
1858:
1857:
1856:Trønder-Avisa
1849:
1847:
1837:
1829:
1828:
1827:Levangeravisa
1820:
1812:
1811:
1810:Adresseavisen
1803:
1795:
1794:
1793:Adresseavisen
1786:
1778:
1777:
1776:Trønder-Avisa
1772:
1765:
1757:
1756:
1755:Adresseavisen
1748:
1740:
1739:
1738:Adresseavisen
1731:
1722:
1713:
1704:
1695:
1686:
1677:
1668:
1659:
1650:
1641:
1632:
1630:
1628:
1618:
1609:
1600:
1591:
1582:
1573:
1571:
1561:
1559:
1549:
1547:
1537:
1528:
1519:
1510:
1501:
1492:
1483:
1474:
1465:
1456:
1447:
1431:
1427:
1421:
1412:
1403:
1394:
1392:
1382:
1373:
1364:
1362:
1360:
1350:
1348:
1338:
1329:
1327:
1325:
1323:
1313:
1311:
1309:
1307:
1297:
1295:
1285:
1283:
1273:
1271:
1261:
1252:
1243:
1234:
1225:
1216:
1207:
1205:
1203:
1193:
1184:
1182:
1180:
1170:
1161:
1152:
1143:
1134:
1125:
1116:
1107:
1103:
1096:
1094:
1090:
1086:
1082:
1078:
1074:
1069:
1067:
1063:
1059:
1055:
1051:
1047:
1043:
1039:
1035:
1031:
1027:
1022:
1020:
1012:
1008:
1004:
995:
982:
979:
976:
973:
969:
965:
962:
959:
956:
952:
948:
945:
942:
939:
935:
918:
912:
908:
904:
902:
897:
887:
883:
881:
877:
873:
872:business unit
869:
859:
857:
853:
849:
848:DFDS Tor Line
845:
840:
838:
834:
828:
826:
822:
821:transshipment
817:
815:
810:
808:
804:
800:
796:
792:
788:
784:
780:
776:
768:
763:
759:
756:
751:
748:
744:
740:
736:
733:
729:
723:
721:
712:
707:
701:Consolidation
698:
696:
692:
686:
684:
678:
675:
670:
666:
663:
659:
654:
647:
638:
636:
632:
628:
622:
620:
616:
612:
607:
605:
601:
595:
593:
589:
584:
582:
576:
574:
570:
563:
560:as seen from
559:
554:
545:
541:
537:
535:
531:
530:gigawatthours
527:
526:Skogn Station
523:
519:
514:
511:
506:
504:
500:
494:
492:
488:
484:
480:
479:Nordland Line
476:
472:
469:, Steinkjer,
468:
464:
460:
450:
448:
444:
440:
436:
432:
428:
422:
419:
414:
409:
407:
403:
397:
395:
391:
387:
382:
378:
374:
369:
367:
363:
359:
355:
351:
347:
343:
338:
333:
331:
327:
323:
308:
306:
302:
298:
293:
289:
284:
282:
278:
274:
270:
266:
262:
258:
253:
251:
247:
243:
239:
235:
231:
227:
224:peninsula in
223:
219:
215:
211:
207:
203:
199:
191:
188:
184:
181:
178:
176:
172:
168:
162:
158:
155:
150:
142:
139:
134:
131:
128:
124:
120:
114:
111:
107:
103:
99:
96:
92:
88:
84:
81:
78:
74:
71:
68:
64:
60:
55:
49:
46:
2375:Powell River
2370:Port Alberni
2305:Former mills
2295:
2219:
2216:Pollen, Geir
2176:
2168:Bibliography
2157:
2145:. Retrieved
2127:"M/V Nordic"
2121:
2109:. Retrieved
2085:
2073:. Retrieved
2049:
2037:. Retrieved
1998:
1992:
1980:. Retrieved
1973:the original
1944:. Retrieved
1934:
1922:. Retrieved
1888:
1882:
1871:
1865:
1854:
1836:
1825:
1819:
1808:
1802:
1791:
1785:
1774:
1764:
1753:
1747:
1736:
1730:
1721:
1712:
1703:
1694:
1685:
1676:
1667:
1658:
1649:
1640:
1617:
1608:
1599:
1590:
1581:
1536:
1527:
1518:
1509:
1500:
1491:
1482:
1473:
1464:
1455:
1446:
1434:. Retrieved
1420:
1411:
1402:
1381:
1372:
1337:
1260:
1251:
1242:
1233:
1224:
1215:
1192:
1169:
1160:
1151:
1142:
1133:
1124:
1115:
1106:
1081:Meråker Line
1070:
1065:
1061:
1053:
1023:
1016:
1007:Hagland Borg
1006:
988:
909:
905:
893:
884:
868:aksjeselskap
865:
841:
829:
818:
811:
791:gas pipeline
772:
752:
741:
737:
724:
716:
687:
679:
671:
667:
655:
651:
623:
611:sulfate pulp
608:
596:
585:
577:
566:
542:
538:
515:
510:Jaakko Pöyry
507:
495:
456:
453:Construction
447:Hambros Bank
423:
413:aksjeselskap
410:
398:
370:
337:Nordenfjells
334:
319:
285:
268:
254:
222:Fiborgtangen
208:situated in
197:
196:
98:Fiborgtangen
94:Headquarters
89:1 March 1962
70:Aksjeselskap
66:Company type
18:
2462:Norske Skog
2352:NorskeCanda
2272:Norske Skog
2161:Bjerke: 121
1725:Pollen: 225
1716:Pollen: 224
1707:Pollen: 223
1698:Pollen: 156
1689:Pollen: 155
1680:Pollen: 154
1671:Pollen: 128
1662:Pollen: 136
1653:Pollen: 126
1644:Pollen: 127
1635:Pollen: 125
1621:Pollen: 124
1612:Pollen: 104
1603:Pollen: 102
1468:Pollen: 162
1062:Trans Dania
827:in Sweden.
783:natural gas
641:TMP and PM3
627:Van Severen
390:cooperative
277:Van Severen
250:Norske Skog
180:Norske Skog
40: /
2451:Categories
1594:Pollen: 98
1585:Pollen: 95
1576:Pollen: 97
1564:Pollen: 96
1552:Pollen: 94
1540:Pollen: 83
1531:Pollen: 82
1522:Pollen: 80
1513:Pollen: 79
1504:Pollen: 78
1495:Pollen: 77
1486:Pollen: 65
1477:Pollen: 67
1459:Pollen: 66
1450:Pollen: 64
1415:Pollen: 62
1406:Pollen: 70
1397:Pollen: 68
1385:Pollen: 57
1376:Pollen: 59
1367:Pollen: 69
1353:Pollen: 50
1341:Pollen: 48
1332:Pollen: 49
1316:Pollen: 55
1300:Pollen: 54
1288:Pollen: 52
1276:Pollen: 51
1264:Pollen: 47
1255:Pollen: 46
1246:Pollen: 42
1237:Pollen: 41
1228:Pollen: 40
1219:Pollen: 34
1210:Pollen: 38
1196:Pollen: 35
1187:Pollen: 31
1173:Pollen: 29
1164:Pollen: 28
1155:Pollen: 27
1146:Pollen: 25
1137:Pollen: 24
1128:Pollen: 23
1119:Pollen: 20
1110:Pollen: 10
1099:References
1089:Røros Line
890:Production
862:Operations
805:to create
662:grindstone
635:trading as
573:Borregaard
463:Reidar Due
418:Borregaard
342:Folla Bruk
288:grindstone
206:paper mill
169:405 (2014)
154:Net income
117:Key people
25:63°42′40″N
2398:Cheongwon
2365:Elk Falls
2134:Sea-Cargo
2098:Sea-Cargo
2062:Sea-Cargo
1042:Amsterdam
1038:Sheerness
1030:Clydeport
1026:Sea-Cargo
998:Logistics
980:242,000 t
977:Newsprint
963:186,000 t
960:Newsprint
946:172,000 t
943:newsprint
929:Capacity
856:Sea-Cargo
785:from the
775:Statkraft
728:debarking
569:Union Co.
522:Hoklingen
459:Trondheim
406:Trøndelag
350:Helgeland
218:newsprint
202:pulp mill
130:Newsprint
28:11°9′40″E
2410:Singburi
2291:Saugbrug
2218:(2007).
2138:Archived
2102:Archived
2066:Archived
2033:Archived
1918:Archived
1430:Archived
1054:Lysblink
1011:Orkanger
920:Machine
850:, later
844:Lys Line
825:Norrland
767:Orkanger
755:deinking
711:Orkanger
683:Lauvsnes
499:pulpwood
491:Jämtland
386:Kirkenes
375:and the
354:Stjørdal
346:Namdalen
316:Planning
246:deinking
210:Levanger
126:Products
106:Levanger
76:Industry
2385:PanAsia
2360:Crofton
2322:Parenco
2147:30 June
2111:30 June
2075:30 June
2039:30 June
1982:30 June
1946:30 June
1924:30 June
1436:29 June
1087:on the
1050:Kolding
1046:Hamburg
1034:Belfast
803:Statoil
631:concern
619:Ranheim
311:History
186:Website
86:Founded
2403:Jeonju
2342:Walsum
2327:Tasman
2317:Follum
2230:
2192:
1066:Nordic
1056:has a
926:Paper
923:Width
880:Halden
739:cuts.
726:A new
518:Valmet
475:Orkdal
471:Verdal
467:Namsos
261:lumber
214:Norway
175:Parent
147:(2013)
110:Norway
2419:Other
2393:Korea
2337:Union
2332:Tofte
2312:Folla
2296:Skogn
2286:Boyer
2279:Mills
2208:(PDF)
2141:(PDF)
2130:(PDF)
2105:(PDF)
2094:(PDF)
2069:(PDF)
2058:(PDF)
2021:(PDF)
1976:(PDF)
1077:Grong
799:Elkem
793:from
695:Hurum
558:Skogn
443:Vesta
244:at a
226:Skogn
200:is a
102:Skogn
2228:ISBN
2190:ISBN
2149:2015
2113:2015
2077:2015
2041:2015
2027:and
1984:2015
1948:2015
1926:2015
1438:2015
1048:and
1019:pine
983:45%
971:PM3
966:20%
954:PM2
949:20%
937:PM1
932:DIP
896:bark
846:and
801:and
672:The
445:and
360:and
279:and
234:Pulp
204:and
1075:in
878:in
693:in
588:g/m
348:or
263:in
2453::
2226:.
2188:.
2184:/
2136:.
2100:.
2064:.
2009:^
1956:^
1899:^
1845:^
1773:,
1626:^
1569:^
1557:^
1545:^
1390:^
1358:^
1346:^
1321:^
1305:^
1293:^
1281:^
1269:^
1201:^
1178:^
1052:.
1044:,
1040:,
1036:,
1032:,
697:.
594:.
583:.
493:.
481:,
449:.
396:.
307:.
212:,
145:kr
108:,
104:,
100:,
2264:e
2257:t
2250:v
2236:.
2198:.
2151:.
2115:.
2079:.
2043:.
1986:.
1950:.
1928:.
1440:.
991:×
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