230:" and for the latter as plain materialism), they aimed at creating the conditions of a "spiritual revolution" which would simultaneously transform Man and things. They called for a "New Order", beyond individualism and
952:
Christophe Le Dréau,« L’Europe des non-conformistes des années 30 : les idées européistes de New
Britain et New Europe», in Olivier Dard & Etienne Deschamps (sous la dir.),
316:
and in its distrust of the state; but it also criticized liberal individualism and its negligence of "intermediate bodies" (family, village, etc. — the reactionary writer
935:
986:
269:
stances, and renewed interest in social and economical transformations. Foreign influences were more restricted, and were limited to the discovery of the "precursors of
900:
698:
1015:
690:
517:
between the 1930s to the 1970s or among
Eastern European dissidents, and would also influence Catholic circles in the second half of the 20th century.
1150:
856:
959:
925:
462:
480:
615:
42:
and social crisis. The name was coined in 1969 by the historian Jean-Louis Loubet del Bayle to describe a movement which revolved around
1008:
1514:
606:
1494:
1382:
1143:
1001:
947:
647:
294:
1509:
1350:
813:
1136:
484:
397:
687:
1414:
231:
20:
457:
449:
530:
1406:
1242:
981:
1366:
662:
358:
39:
1334:
778:
759:
740:
718:
940:
Les non-conformistes des années 30. Une trentative de renouvellement de la pensée politique française
491:
1227:
1504:
1499:
1358:
1159:
576:
329:
227:
392:
372:
198:
crisis" and opposed, despite their differences, what
Mounier called the "established disorder" (
336:
265:. They inherited from both currents a form of scepticism towards politics, which explains some
126:
1473:
1460:
1390:
1117:
964:"L'Esprit des années 1930: Une Tentative de renouvellement de la pensée politique française,"
105:
1422:
405:
344:
1465:
1069:
433:
155:
8:
1398:
1308:
1212:
1084:
1044:
566:
507:
211:
191:
159:
150:
1445:
1094:
896:
499:
437:
386:
302:
254:
413:
121:
would have some contacts with them between the end of 1934 and the beginning of 1935.
1262:
1111:
943:
828:
809:
643:
603:
471:
381:
340:
129:
vice-president of the
Committee of Scientific Organisation of Labour of the Minister
118:
92:
317:
1252:
1207:
1187:
1089:
1079:
1049:
993:
526:
495:
445:
298:
167:
163:
130:
97:
43:
31:
1272:
694:
637:
610:
581:
561:
67:
35:
1222:
401:
1374:
1277:
1247:
1177:
1074:
879:
571:
556:
441:
362:
270:
194:(most were about 25 years old) all considered that France was confronted by a "
110:
1182:
1488:
1282:
1237:
1232:
1202:
1059:
915:
503:
320:
also insisted on the latter). They were characterized by the will to find a "
313:
207:
51:
1450:
1440:
1303:
1267:
1257:
1192:
1054:
666:
541:
535:
367:
354:
266:
195:
145:
122:
1128:
1287:
1197:
1064:
1039:
866:
846:
702:
672:
546:
429:
425:
286:
274:
246:
215:
114:
47:
19:
For
English Protestants existing outside of the established church, see
1217:
797:
309:
235:
203:
63:
59:
321:
282:
278:
242:
223:
71:
55:
639:
Communitarian Third Way: Alexandre Marc and Ordre
Nouveau, 1930-2000
324:" between Socialism and Capitalism, individualism and collectivism,
238:," "communautary and personalist" organisation of social relations.
1313:
982:
Le mouvement personnaliste français des années 1930 et sa postérité
551:
476:
412:(1941–44) which gathered the Non-Conformists who supported Marshal
349:
325:
144:(Young Right — a term coined by Mounier) that gathered young
1342:
498:
movements renewed with this "spirit of the 1930s" (in particular
380:, Ecole des cadres d'Uriage, etc.) and political programs of the
301:, underscored the importance of intermediary bodies, and opposed
219:
75:
347:
made the link between the Non-Conformists and the supporters of
514:
930:
Vichy contre
Mounier. Les non-conformistes face aux années 40
620:
86:
Three main currents of non-conformists may be distinguished:
456:, Alexandre Marc, became in 1946 the first secretary of the
16:
Avantgarde movement during the inter-war period in France
829:
Personnaliste et fédéraliste, le monde d’Alexandre Marc
343:, the Non-Conformists split toward various directions.
38:
that were seeking new solutions to face the political,
479:
movements and would also influence in the 1970s the "
1023:
968:
Tendances politiques de la vie française depuis 1789
806:— Des Non-Conformistes en RĂ©volution Nationale
424:
After World War II, many of these Non-Conformists (
241:The Non-Conformists were influenced both by French
735:
733:
353:, a new economical theory invented by the Belgian
513:Abroad, the Non-Conformists found an audience in
100:and which was the main mouthpiece of personalism.
1486:
956:, Bruxelles, Peter Lang, 2005, pp. 311–330.
148:who had more or less broken with the monarchist
730:
688:Prospectus de présentation de la revue "Esprit"
529:, a non-conformist who became a member of the
1144:
1009:
920:Révoltes de l'esprit.Les revues des années 30
226:(qualified for the first as a "false Fascist-
635:
466:(CIFE) in 1954, which lives on to this day.
463:Centre International de Formation Européenne
133:, participated in the technical reunions of
1158:
642:. McGill-Queen's Press - MQUP. p. 13.
616:Archives de sciences sociales des religions
1151:
1137:
1016:
1002:
629:
538:, an economic movement of a similar milieu
599:
597:
30:were groups and individuals during the
1487:
604:Account of Jean-Louis Loubet del Bayle
1383:The Crisis of Parliamentary Democracy
1132:
997:
942:, Seuil, 1969 (Points, Seuil, 2001)
681:
594:
295:Conservative Revolutionary movement
50:. They attempted to find a "third (
13:
909:
469:Breaking with part of its legacy,
419:
330:left–right distinction in politics
293:and several members of the German
14:
1526:
1351:Reflections of a Nonpolitical Man
974:
202:). The latter was represented by
851:Décadence de la nation française
81:
1415:Revolt Against the Modern World
970:(Paris: Hachette, 1960), 89-118
954:Les nouvelles relèves en Europe
840:
821:
1515:20th-century French literature
790:
771:
752:
711:
656:
408:services, created the journal
109:(New Order) group, created by
1:
980:Jean-Louis Loubet del Bayle,
777:Jean-Louis Loubet del Bayle,
758:Jean-Louis Loubet del Bayle,
739:Jean-Louis Loubet del Bayle,
717:Jean-Louis Loubet del Bayle,
587:
506:). They have also influenced
458:Union of European Federalists
450:European federalist movements
1495:Non-conformists of the 1930s
1456:Non-conformists of the 1930s
1407:The Concept of the Political
1026:non-conformists of the 1930s
796:Antoine Guyader (preface by
117:and Arnaud Dandieu's works.
28:non-conformists of the 1930s
7:
936:Jean-Louis Loubet del Bayle
520:
460:. He would then create the
249:(an important influence of
10:
1531:
400:, etc.) In November 1941,
312:in the attention given to
308:The movement was close to
170:, as well as the journals
18:
1510:French literary movements
1433:
1367:Prussianism and Socialism
1322:
1296:
1166:
1103:
1032:
990:, Vol. 17, nos 1–2, 1998
902:Politique de la personne
891:La Révolution nécessaire
328:and materialism and the
297:. They were in favor of
125:, who became during the
1359:The Decline of the West
1335:SĂĽddeutsche Monatshefte
1160:Conservative Revolution
577:Conservative Revolution
485:Unified Socialist Party
483:", gathered around the
366:. They influenced both
289:) and contacts between
54:) alternative" between
827:Janpier Dutrieux 2006
448:) became activists of
357:, as well as with the
337:February 6, 1934 riots
234:, oriented towards a "
1461:Reactionary modernism
1243:Moeller van den Bruck
987:Politique et Sociétés
871:Les Années tournantes
671:Centre d'histoire de
636:John Hellman (2002).
404:, in charge of Vichy
176:RĂ©action pour l'ordre
96:, founded in 1931 by
1423:On the Marble Cliffs
889:Aron & Dandieu,
701:, on-line course of
393:DĂ©fense de la France
373:RĂ©volution nationale
345:Bertrand de Jouvenel
1309:National Bolshevism
1085:Jean-Pierre Maxence
1045:Bernard Charbonneau
861:Le Cancer américain
663:Biographical notice
567:Greatest Generation
508:Christian Democracy
475:involved itself in
245:, in particular by
212:economic liberalism
192:young intellectuals
160:Jean-Pierre Maxence
62:, and opposed both
1446:European New Right
1095:Denis de Rougemont
897:Denis de Rougemont
699:Alain-GĂ©rard Slama
693:2007-09-29 at the
609:2006-11-23 at the
500:Denis de Rougemont
438:Denis de Rougemont
303:finance capitalism
257:, which permeated
255:Social Catholicism
218:. Opposed both to
200:le désordre établi
184:La Revue du Siècle
180:La Revue française
113:and influenced by
1482:
1481:
1126:
1125:
1070:Jean de Fabrègues
1033:Associated people
948:978-2-02-048701-6
932:, Economica, 1997
875:Le Monde sans âme
649:978-0-7735-2376-0
452:. The founder of
434:Jean de Fabrègues
341:far-right leagues
156:Jean de Fabrègues
119:Charles de Gaulle
1522:
1153:
1146:
1139:
1130:
1129:
1090:Emmanuel Mounier
1080:Thierry Maulnier
1050:Claude Chevalley
1018:
1011:
1004:
995:
994:
834:
833:
825:
819:
818:
794:
788:
787:
779:A 2001 Interview
775:
769:
768:
760:A 2001 Interview
756:
750:
749:
741:A 2001 Interview
737:
728:
727:
719:A 2001 Interview
715:
709:
708:
685:
679:
678:
660:
654:
653:
633:
627:
626:
601:
527:Claude Chevalley
496:environmentalist
446:Thierry Maulnier
299:decentralization
168:Maurice Blanchot
164:Thierry Maulnier
151:Action Française
131:Charles Spinasse
98:Emmanuel Mounier
44:Emmanuel Mounier
32:inter-war period
1530:
1529:
1525:
1524:
1523:
1521:
1520:
1519:
1505:1930s in France
1500:Interwar France
1485:
1484:
1483:
1478:
1429:
1327:
1325:
1318:
1292:
1171:
1169:
1162:
1157:
1127:
1122:
1099:
1028:
1022:
977:
912:
910:Further reading
843:
838:
837:
831:
826:
822:
816:
808:, L'Harmattan,
795:
791:
785:
776:
772:
766:
757:
753:
747:
738:
731:
725:
716:
712:
706:
697:, presented by
695:Wayback Machine
686:
682:
676:
661:
657:
650:
634:
630:
624:
613:'s book in the
611:Wayback Machine
602:
595:
590:
582:Nouvelle Droite
562:Interwar France
523:
422:
420:Post-war legacy
414:Philippe PĂ©tain
84:
68:parliamentarism
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1528:
1518:
1517:
1512:
1507:
1502:
1497:
1480:
1479:
1477:
1476:
1474:Youth Movement
1471:
1463:
1458:
1453:
1448:
1443:
1437:
1435:
1431:
1430:
1428:
1427:
1419:
1411:
1403:
1395:
1387:
1379:
1375:Storm of Steel
1371:
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1120:
1115:
1107:
1105:
1101:
1100:
1098:
1097:
1092:
1087:
1082:
1077:
1075:Alexandre Marc
1072:
1067:
1062:
1057:
1052:
1047:
1042:
1036:
1034:
1030:
1029:
1021:
1020:
1013:
1006:
998:
992:
991:
984:in the review
976:
975:External links
973:
972:
971:
957:
950:
933:
923:
911:
908:
907:
906:
894:
887:
880:Alexandre Marc
877:
864:
857:Arnaud Dandieu
854:
842:
839:
836:
835:
820:
789:
770:
751:
729:
710:
705:, 18 May 2007
680:
655:
648:
628:
619:n°118, on the
592:
591:
589:
586:
585:
584:
579:
574:
572:Generation Gap
569:
564:
559:
557:Groupe X-Crise
554:
549:
544:
539:
533:
531:Bourbaki group
522:
519:
442:Alexandre Marc
421:
418:
363:Groupe X-Crise
318:Maurice Barrès
271:existentialism
188:
187:
138:
111:Alexandre Marc
101:
83:
80:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1527:
1516:
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1118:Ordre Nouveau
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1060:Jacques Ellul
1058:
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988:
983:
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969:
965:
961:
960:Jean Touchard
958:
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941:
937:
934:
931:
927:
926:Michel Berges
924:
921:
917:
916:Pierre Andreu
914:
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895:
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868:
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844:
830:
824:
815:
814:2-296-01038-5
811:
807:
803:
799:
793:
784:
783:Revue Jibrile
781:(p.6) in the
780:
774:
765:
764:Revue Jibrile
762:(p.5) in the
761:
755:
746:
745:Revue Jibrile
743:(p.4) in the
742:
736:
734:
724:
723:Revue Jibrile
721:(p.3) in the
720:
714:
704:
700:
696:
692:
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684:
675:
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668:
664:
659:
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516:
511:
509:
505:
504:Jacques Ellul
501:
497:
493:
488:
486:
482:
478:
474:
473:
467:
465:
464:
459:
455:
454:Ordre nouveau
451:
447:
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431:
427:
417:
415:
411:
407:
403:
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395:
394:
389:
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365:
364:
360:
356:
352:
351:
346:
342:
339:organized by
338:
333:
331:
327:
323:
319:
315:
314:civil society
311:
306:
304:
300:
296:
292:
291:Ordre nouveau
288:
284:
280:
276:
272:
268:
264:
260:
256:
252:
251:Ordre nouveau
248:
244:
239:
237:
233:
229:
225:
221:
217:
213:
209:
208:individualism
205:
201:
197:
193:
185:
181:
177:
173:
169:
165:
161:
157:
153:
152:
147:
146:intellectuals
143:
139:
136:
135:Ordre nouveau
132:
128:
127:Popular Front
124:
120:
116:
112:
108:
107:
106:Ordre nouveau
102:
99:
95:
94:
89:
88:
87:
82:Main currents
79:
77:
73:
69:
65:
61:
57:
53:
52:communitarian
49:
45:
41:
37:
33:
29:
22:
21:Nonconformity
1466:
1455:
1451:Armin Mohler
1441:20 July plot
1421:
1413:
1405:
1397:
1389:
1381:
1373:
1365:
1362:(1918, 1922)
1357:
1349:
1341:
1333:
1326:publications
1304:George-Kreis
1228:F. G. JĂĽnger
1110:
1104:Institutions
1055:Jean Coutrot
1025:
985:
967:
963:
953:
939:
929:
922:, Kime, 1999
919:
901:
890:
884:Jeune Europe
883:
874:
870:
860:
850:
841:Bibliography
823:
805:
801:
792:
782:
773:
763:
754:
744:
722:
713:
683:
670:
667:Jean Coutrot
658:
638:
631:
614:
542:Neosocialism
536:Distributism
512:
489:
470:
468:
461:
453:
423:
409:
402:René Vincent
391:
385:
378:Jeune France
377:
371:
361:
359:technocratic
355:Henri de Man
348:
334:
307:
290:
267:anti-statism
263:Jeune Droite
262:
258:
250:
240:
232:collectivism
228:spiritualism
199:
196:civilisation
189:
183:
179:
175:
171:
154:, including
149:
142:Jeune Droite
141:
134:
123:Jean Coutrot
104:
91:
90:The journal
85:
27:
25:
1399:The Outlaws
1394:(1926–1934)
1346:(1909–1939)
1338:(1904–1936)
1065:Daniel-Rops
1040:Robert Aron
873:(1932) and
867:Daniel-Rops
847:Robert Aron
832:(in French)
817:(in French)
786:(in French)
767:(in French)
748:(in French)
726:(in French)
707:(in French)
703:Sciences Po
677:(in French)
673:Sciences Po
625:(in French)
547:Personalism
481:Second Left
430:Daniel-Rops
426:Robert Aron
416:'s regime.
287:Max Scheler
275:Kierkegaard
247:Proudhonism
216:materialism
172:Les Cahiers
115:Robert Aron
48:personalism
1489:Categories
1391:Widerstand
1168:Associated
798:Pascal Ory
588:References
406:censorship
382:Resistance
335:After the
310:liberalism
236:federalist
204:capitalism
64:liberalism
60:capitalism
40:economical
1238:Kommerell
1223:E. JĂĽnger
1213:Hielscher
1208:Heidegger
802:La Revue
322:Third Way
283:Heidegger
279:Nietzsche
253:) and by
243:socialism
224:Communism
72:democracy
56:socialism
1469:movement
1467:Völkisch
1314:Tatkreis
1297:Factions
1273:Spengler
1248:Niekisch
691:Archived
623:website
607:Archived
552:Planisme
521:See also
477:New Left
350:planisme
326:idealism
261:and the
1434:Related
1343:Die Tat
1268:Schmitt
1263:Salomon
494:, some
492:May '68
487:(PSU).
222:and to
220:Fascism
76:fascism
1426:(1939)
1418:(1934)
1410:(1932)
1402:(1930)
1386:(1923)
1378:(1920)
1370:(1919)
1354:(1918)
1288:Zehrer
1283:Winnig
1278:Stapel
1258:Quabbe
1253:Paetel
1233:Klages
1203:George
1198:Freyer
1183:BlĂĽher
1170:people
1112:Esprit
946:
905:(1934)
893:(1933)
886:(1933)
863:(1931)
853:(1931)
812:
646:
515:Quebec
490:After
472:Esprit
387:Combat
259:Esprit
190:These
93:Esprit
36:France
1324:Major
1193:Evola
804:Idées
621:EHESS
410:Idées
368:Vichy
1218:Jung
1188:Bose
1178:Benn
1024:The
944:ISBN
810:ISBN
644:ISBN
214:and
140:The
103:The
74:and
58:and
26:The
966:in
800:),
665:of
502:or
398:OCM
370:'s
273:" (
182:or
46:'s
34:in
1491::
962:,
938:,
918:,
899:,
882:,
869:,
859:,
849:,
732:^
669:,
596:^
510:.
444:,
440:,
436:,
432:,
428:,
396:,
390:,
332:.
305:.
285:,
281:,
277:,
210:,
206:,
178:,
174:,
166:,
162:,
158:,
78:.
1152:e
1145:t
1138:v
1017:e
1010:t
1003:v
928:,
652:.
384:(
376:(
186:.
137:.
70:/
66:/
23:.
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