Genesis flood narrative

573:, which has a version found in Ugarit (RS 22.421) that contains a first person account of the flood. If this suggestion is correct, then RS 94.2953 represents a unique version of the Mesopotamian flood story. Line 1 of the text says "At the start of the time of the disappearance of the moon, at the beginning of the month". This reference to the lunar date giving the specific date the protagonist released the bird is significant as it is the only variant of the flood story giving a specific date and the rest do not attribute specific dates or calendrical details to the various stages of the flood. Both RS 94.2953 and Genesis 8 are about the flood protagonist releasing a bird on a specific calendrical date in order to find land in the midst of the flood. 40: 8542: 8408: 7567: 7500: 7369: 6752: 6354: 256:", a literary structure in which the first item matches the last, the second the second-last, and so on), and many efforts have been made to explain this unity, including attempts to identify which of the two sources was earlier and therefore influenced the other. Some scholars have even questioned whether the story is actually based on two different sources, noting that some of the doublets (such as the dove and raven) are not actually contradictory and in fact appear as linked 194: 1126: 512: 1154: 1140: 534:

days (12 months of 30 days each). This means that the flood lasts 36 weeks according to the flood calendar, in which an extra day is added to every third month. The number of weeks is symbolically significant, representing the biblical cypher for destruction (the number 6, expressed as 6x6=36), while the number 7 (the number of days in a week) represents the persistence of creation during this time of destruction.

1168: 1114:: for Kircher and earlier natural historians, there was little problem finding room for all known animal species in the Ark. Less than a century later, discoveries of new species made it increasingly difficult to justify a literal interpretation for the Ark story. By the middle of the 18th century only a few natural historians accepted a literal interpretation of the narrative. 151: 3326:"geologists do not deny uniformitarianism in its true sense, that is to say, of interpreting the past by means of the processes that are seen going on at the present day, so long as we remember that the periodic catastrophe is one of those processes. Those periodic catastrophes make more showing in the stratigraphical record than we have hitherto assumed." 181:, and all life perished except Noah and those with him in the Ark. After 150 days, "God remembered Noah ... and the waters subsided" until the Ark rested on the mountains of Ararat, and on the 27th day of the second month of Noah's six hundred and first year the earth was dry. Then Noah built an altar and made a sacrifice, and God made a 177:(in Hebrew, a chest or box), and Noah entered the Ark in his six hundredth year , and on the 17th day of the second month of that year "the fountains of the Great Deep burst apart and the floodgates of heaven broke open" and rain fell for forty days and forty nights until the highest mountains were covered to a depth of 15 542:

flood, which emerged by divine hand from the heavens and earth and took ten months to finally stop. That the Jahwist source's capricious and somewhat simplistic depiction of Yahweh is clearly distinguished from the Priestly source's characteristically majestic, transcendental, and austere virtuous Yahweh.

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among the descendants of the survivors, in that the survivors are related. There is no evidence of such a severe genetic bottleneck at that period of time (~7000 years before the present day) either among humans or other animal species; however, if the flood narrative is derived from a more localized

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teaches that the flood of Noah was the last of three events where the world's population was reduced to a single family. Thirty generations after Adam, most of the population was killed by pestilence and war, leaving only Ram and his wife Rud. Twenty-five generations later, most of the population was

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The "original", Jahwist narrative of the Great Deluge was modest; a week of ostensibly non-celestial rain is followed by a forty-day flood which takes a mere week to recede in order to provide Noah his stage for God's covenant. It is the Priestly source which adds more fantastic figures of a 150-day

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Rudoy A.N. Mountain Ice-Dammed Lakes of Southern Siberia and their Influence on the Development and Regime of the Runoff Systems of North Asia in the Late Pleistocene. Chapter 16. (P. 215—234.) — Palaeohydrology and Environmental Change / Eds: G. Benito, V.R. Baker, K.J. Gregory. — Chichester: John

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God separates the "waters above the earth" from those below so that dry land can appear as a home for living things, but in the flood story the "windows of heaven" and "fountains of the deep" are opened so that the world is returned to the watery chaos of the time before creation. Even the sequence

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The period from the beginning of the flood to the landing on the mountain is five months (the second month to the seventh, Genesis 7:11 and 8:4) and 150 days (8:3), making an impossible five months of 30 days each; the number is schematic, and is based on the Babylonian astronomical calendar of 360

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The flood begins on the 17th day of the second month when "the springs of the great deep burst forth, and the floodgates of the heavens were opened", and after 40 days the ark floats (Genesis 7:11–12). The waters rise and then recede, and on the 17th day of the seventh month (or the 27th day in the

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which contradicts a number of principles and discoveries of fact in the fields of geology, stratigraphy, geophysics, physics, paleontology, biology, anthropology, and archaeology in an attempt to interpret and reconcile geological features on Earth in accordance with a literal understanding of the

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in other biblical and non-biblical sources, that the method of doublets is inconsistently applied in that the alleged sources themselves contain doublets, and that the theory assumes a redactor who combined the sources inconsistently (in some cases extensively editing together the text and in some

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as it traveled between 3.5 to 1.5 km inland. The tsunami was approximately 16 m high. Recovery in the affected areas was slow but overall, it did not significantly affect the social development of the southern Levant. Whilst the tsunami is not identified with the Biblical flood, it is believed to

586:(Genesis 1–2) deals with God's creation and God's repentance is the rationale behind the flood narrative, and in the Priestly source (which runs through all of Genesis and into the other four books of the Torah) these two verbs, "create" and "forgive", are reserved exclusively for divine actions. 1050:

inherent in flood geology. However, with the discovery of evidence for some catastrophic events, events similar to those on which the flood narrative may be based are accepted as possible within an overall uniformitarian framework. In relation to geological forces, uniformitarianism explains the

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The primeval history is first and foremost about the world God made, its origins, inhabitants, purposes, challenges, and failures. It asks why the world which God has made is so imperfect and of the meaning of human violence and evil, and its solutions involve the notions of covenant, law, and

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in the 18th century. Natural historians began to draw connections between climates and the animals and plants adapted to them. One influential theory held that the biblical Ararat was striped with varying climatic zones, and as climate changed, the associated animals moved as well, eventually

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Scholars have long puzzled over the significance of the flood lasting one year and eleven days (day 17 of year 600 to day 27 of year 601); one solution is that the basic calendar is a lunar one of 354 days, to which eleven days have been added to match a solar year of 365 days.

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wants to board the ark, Noah attempts to not let her, thus she uses her divine power to blow on the ark, causing it to be consumed by fire. Noah later builds the ark a second time. When the Archons try to seize Norea, she calls out to God for help, then the angel

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released a raven which "went to and fro until the waters were dried up" or a dove which on the third occasion "did not return to him again," or possibly both. But despite this disagreement on details the story forms a unified whole (some scholars see in it a

999:," a heterogeneous group of writers from the early 19th century, most of whom lacked any background in geology and also lacked influence even in religious circles. The geologic views of these writers were ignored by the scientific community of their time. 893:) some time between 12000 BC and 9000 BC, as demonstrated by the fact that much of the gravel deposited along the Katun valley lacks a stratigraphic structure, instead showing characteristics of a deposition directly after suspension in a turbulent flow. 2479:

Grosswald, M.G., 1998, New approach to the ice age paleohydrology of northern Eurasia. Chapter 15. (P. 199-214)— Palaeohydrology and Environmental Change / Eds: G. Benito, V.R. Baker, K.J. Gregory. — Chichester: John Wiley & Sons Ltd, 1998. 353

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of flood events mimics that of creation, the flood first covering the earth to the highest mountains, then destroying, in order, birds, cattle, beasts, "swarming creatures", and finally mankind. (This parallels the Babylonian flood story in the

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Greek version) the ark rests on the mountains (Genesis 8:4). The waters continue to fall, the ark is uncovered on the 1st day of the 1st month of Noah's 601st year, and is opened on the 27th day of his 601st year (Genesis 8:13–14).

598:; the division between the "waters above" and the "waters below" the earth is removed, the dry land is flooded, most life is destroyed, and only Noah and those with him survive to obey God's command to "be fruitful and multiply." 215:

The consensus of modern scholars is that Genesis was composed around the 5th century BCE, but as the first eleven chapters show little relationship to the rest of the book, some scholars believe that this section (the so-called

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before it fell on earth for forty days so that it could scald the skin of sinners. It was a punishment that befitted their crime because like the rain, humanity's sensual desires made them hot and inflamed to immoral excesses.

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is the same used for the basket in which Moses is saved, implying a symmetry between the stories of two divinely chosen saviours in a world threatened by water and chaos. The most significant such echo is a reversal of the

631:, the sins in the antediluvian world included blasphemy, occult practices and preventing new traders from making profit. Children also had the ability to talk and walk immediately after birth and battle with demons. 863:. As with the Channeled Scablands of the state of Washington, breakthroughs of glacial ice dams are believed to have unleashed massive and sudden torrents of water to form the gorge some time between 600 and 900 AD. 549:. This is perhaps due to a version of the flood myth that was available at the time. There is a text discovered from Ugarit known as RS 94.2953, consisting of fourteen lines telling a first-person account of how 693:—the Ark was planned by God and there is only one way of salvation through the door of the Ark, akin to one way of salvation through Christ. Additionally, some scholars commenting on the teaching of the apostle 2520:

Shtienberg, Gilad; Yasur-Landau, Assaf; Norris, Richard D.; Lazar, Michael; Rittenour, Tammy M.; Tamberino, Anthony; Gadol, Omir; Cantu, Katrina; Arkin-Shalev, Ehud; Ward, Steven N.; Levy, Thomas E. (2020).

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Numerous and often detailed parallels make clear that the Genesis flood narrative is dependent on the Mesopotamian epics, and particularly on Gilgamesh, which is thought to date from c.1300–1000 BCE.

2304: 231:, and their interweaving is evidenced in the doublets (i.e., repetitions) contained within the final story. Many of these are contradictory, such as how long the flood lasted (40 days according to 3275:. And here's why: among geologists in the 1920s, catastrophic explanations for geological events (other than volcanos or earthquakes) were considered wrong-minded to the point of heresy." p. 42. 1021:

theories. Through the middle of the 20th century, despite debates between Protestant Christian scientists, Flood geology maintained traction amongst evangelical Christian circles. Historian

173:, and to him he confided his intention: "I am about to bring on the Flood ... to eliminate everywhere all flesh in which there is the breath of life ... ." So God instructed him to build an 980:

as completely historical, but should not take the earlier chapters of Genesis literally. By a variety of independent means, scientists have since determined that the Earth is approximately

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Reliquiæ Diluvianæ: Or Observations on the Organic Remains Contained in Caves, Fissures, and Diluvial Gravel, and on Other Geological Phenomena, Attesting the Action of an Universal Deluge

1918:: "There is increasing recognition that the pentateuchal narrative is seldom careless or arbitrary," write John Bergsma and Scott Hahn, "and intertextual echoes are seldom coincidental." 7347: 2788:; Dupréa, Bernard & Hamelin, Bruno (1980). "Lead isotope study of basic-ultrabasic layered complexes: Speculations about the age of the earth and primitive mantle characteristics". 273:

The following table compares the proposed Yahwist and Priestly sources. Each provides a complete story-line, with introductions and conclusions, reasons for the flood, and theologies.

3464: 7048: 2030:"Creation Worldview Ministries: The New Testament and the Genesis Flood: A Hermeneutical Investigation of the Historicity, Scope, and Theological Purpose of the Noahic Deluge" 1102:

knowledge. The resulting hypotheses provided an important impetus to the study of the geographical distribution of plants and animals, and indirectly spurred the emergence of

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Introduction: Noah's righteousness, humanity's wickedness, God's decision to destroy; Ark described, Covenant described, 1 pair of all animals, Noah does as God commands.

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originating from the collapse of glacial dams of glacial lakes in the region, the last of which has been estimated to have occurred between 18,200 and 14,000 years ago.

976:, an 1889 volume of theological essays which marks a stage in the acceptance of a more critical approach to scripture, took the stance that readers should rely on the 3788: 2834: 500:, all of which are variations of each other, and it is just possible that an abbreviation of Utnapishtim/Utna'ishtim as "na'ish" was pronounced "Noah" in Palestine. 2305:

https://thenaturalhistorian.com/2016/03/30/the-great-genetic-bottleneck-that-contradicts-ken-hams-radical-accelerated-diversification-ie-post-flood-hyper-evolution/

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with them, but not horses: "How America abounded with Beasts of prey and noxious Animals, yet contained not in that necessary Creature, a Horse, is very strange".

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Academic scholars and researchers consider the story in its present form to be exaggerated and/or implausible. The story of the Deluge describes either a severe

2361: 6271: 3398: 3278:"Consider, then, what Bretz was up against. The very word 'Catastrophism' was heinous in the ears of geologists. ... It was a step backward, a betrayal of 701:), connect the Ark with the resurrection of Christ; the waters burying the old world but raising Noah to a new life. Christian scholars also highlight that 558: 3377: 1098:(c. 1601–1680), had also begun to subject the Ark story to rigorous scrutiny as they attempted to harmonize the biblical account with the growing body of 7757: 7673: 4411: 943:(relics of the flood) "Attesting the Action of an Universal Deluge". His views were supported by others at the time, including the influential geologist 484:, (the oldest, found in very fragmentary form on a single tablet dating from about 1600 BCE, although the story itself is older), and as episodes in two 610:, where at the end of rain "all of mankind had returned to clay," the substance of which they had been made.) The Ark itself is likewise a microcosm of 966:

at between 24 million and 400 million years, and for the remainder of the 19th century, discussion focused not on the viability of this theory of

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Numbers in the Bible often have symbolic or idiomatic meaning, and the 40 days and nights for which rain fell on the Earth indicates a complete cycle.

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Naturalis Historia blog. "The Great Genetic Bottleneck that Contradicts Ken Ham’s Radical Accelerated Diversification (Post-Flood Hyper-Evolution)."

2267: 95:(chapters 1–11), including the flood narrative, may have been composed and added as late as the 3rd century BCE. It draws on two sources, called the 1013:. As Price's career progressed, he gained attention outside of Seventh-day Adventist groups, and by 1929 he was a popular scientific author among 935:, which placed the Creation and the flood no more than a few thousand years back in history. In 1823 the English theologian and natural scientist 589:

Intertextuality is the way biblical stories refer to and reflect one another. Such echoes are seldom coincidental—for instance, the word used for

4508: 7900: 7762: 7075: 7023: 169:, God saw that the earth was corrupt and filled with violence, and he decided to destroy what he had created. But God found one righteous man, 2668: 2379: 733:) who decide to flood the world in order to dispose of most of mankind. However, Noah is spared and told to build an ark. But when his wife 5162: 3513: 477:(c. 1880–1595 BCE) and reached Syro-Palestine in the latter half of the 2nd millennium BCE. Extant texts show three distinct versions, the 2961: 261:

cases faithfully preserving contradictory versions) for unclear reasons. Similarly, the complete Genesis flood story matches the parallel

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The story of the flood occurs in chapters 6–9 of the Book of Genesis, the first book of the Bible. Ten generations after the creation of

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The controversial existence of a chiasm is not an argument against the construction of the story from two sources. See the overview in

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attempt to argue that such a global flood actually occurred. Some Christians have preferred to interpret the narrative as describing a

6226: 770:. Fifteen generations later, most of the population was killed by flood, leaving only Noah and Shem, in addition to the latter's wife 8378: 7423: 5365: 7556: 2029: 185:

that man would be allowed to eat every living thing but not its blood, and that God would never again destroy all life by a flood.

2523:"A Neolithic mega-tsunami event in the eastern Mediterranean: Prehistoric settlement vulnerability along the Carmel coast, Israel" 7966: 7460: 5795: 4552: 3138: 3050: 2221:. Vol. Right Volume. Translated by Al-Saadi, Qais; Al-Saadi, Hamed (2nd ed.). Germany: Drabsha. 2019. pp. 203–204. 1090:, was a medical doctor and amateur scientist making this observation in passing. However, biblical scholars of the time, such as 931:

The development of scientific geology had a profound impact on attitudes towards the biblical flood narrative by undermining the

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that they believe contradict their interpretation of religious texts was first established by the publication of the 1961 book,

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Noah and family told to multiply, given animals to eat; Covenant established, rainbow as sign, God promises not to flood again.

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On the Trail of the Ice Age Floods: The Northern Reaches: A geological field guide to northern Idaho and the Channeled Scabland

2204:. Vol. Right Volume. Translated by Al-Saadi, Qais; Al-Saadi, Hamed (2nd ed.). Germany: Drabsha. 2019. pp. 18–19. 139: 2360:

Balbas, A.M., Barth, A.M., Clark, P.U., Clark, J., Caffee, M., O'Connor, J., Baker, V.R., Konrad, K. and Bjornstad, B., 2017.

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event and describes a founder effect among one population of humans, certain explanations such as the events described by the

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University of Washington. "Historic Himalayan Ice Dams Created Huge Lakes, Mammoth Floods." Science News, 2004 December 27.

2004: 8248: 2826: 1588: 771: 8295: 8199: 7438: 5106: 4800: 2790: 4140: 5731: 4272: 3673: 3429: 3408: 2716: 2681: 2325: 2104: 2071: 1469: 17: 8305: 7695: 5034: 4993: 4520: 4497: 4474: 4442: 4421: 4400: 4379: 4337: 4316: 4295: 4242: 4200: 4110: 4089: 4068: 4027: 4006: 3977: 3956: 3935: 3914: 3800: 3777: 3757: 3717: 3694: 3649: 3628: 3608: 3544: 3523: 3502: 3387: 3366: 3317: 3238: 2349: 2175: 1813: 959: 8330: 8237: 7197: 4686: 3233:(Expanded, First Harvard University Press paperback ed.). Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press. 2378:

Montgomery DR."Biblical-Type Floods Are Real, and They're Absolutely Enormous." Discover Magazine, 2012 August 29.

1357: 240: 236: 232: 8057: 7408: 7033: 6175: 5821: 4768: 3996: 244: 6096: 1831:"The Calendrical Framework of the Priestly Flood Story in Light of a New Akkadian Text from Ugarit (RS 94.2953)" 296:

Introduction: humanity's wickedness, God regrets creating, announces decision to destroy; Noah's righteousness.

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10Be dating of late Pleistocene megafloods and Cordilleran Ice Sheet retreat in the northwestern United States.

39: 8348: 1905: 8391: 8373: 8021: 7053: 5493: 5358: 557:) at the top of the construction he was building, and how he implemented this directive and released a bird. 2233: 1059:

By the 17th century, believers in the Genesis account faced the issue of reconciling the exploration of the

8315: 7912: 7531: 7470: 7300: 7110: 5154: 4977: 4934: 3767: 3312:(3rd ed.). Chichester, New York, Brisbane, Toronto, Singapore: John Wiley & Sons. pp. 83–84. 856: 3292:"Nearly 50 years had passed since Bretz first proposed the idea of catastrophic flooding, and now in 1971 2380:

https://www.discovermagazine.com/planet-earth/biblical-type-floods-are-real-and-theyre-absolutely-enormous

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The Book of Genesis was probably composed around the 5th century BCE, although some scholars believe that

58: 8580: 8368: 7745: 7648: 7187: 6946: 5255: 5234: 5219: 5001: 4545: 1043: 882: 849: 838: 520: 8224: 7487: 7330: 7202: 7092: 5850: 5814: 5399: 5332: 5271: 5265: 5122: 5073: 5048: 4708: 4622: 4453: 2493:

Sedimentary effects of cataclysmic late Pleistocene glacial outburst flooding, Altay Mountains, Siberia

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Sedimentary effects of cataclysmic late Pleistocene glacial outburst flooding, Altay Mountains, Siberia

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The Book of Kings and the Explanations of This World: A Universal History from the Late Sasanian Empire

1391: 665:). Jesus and the apostles additionally taught on the Genesis flood narrative in New Testament writing ( 595: 583: 77: 8585: 8565: 8457: 8386: 7961: 7817: 7750: 6976: 6919: 5582: 5199: 4872: 4832: 4744: 4349: 1071:. The obvious answer involved mankind spreading over the continents following the destruction of the 1014: 848:

in the southeastern areas of the state of Washington have been demonstrated to have been formed by a

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The Priestly flood narrative is the only Priestly text that covers dates with much detail before the

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argues that an ideological connection by evangelical Christians wanting to challenge aspects of the

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Noah builds altar, sacrifices clean animals, God smells sweet aroma, promises not to destroy again.

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with the older scenario whereby all life had sprung from a single point of origin on the slopes of

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Flood geology was largely ignored in the 19th century, but was revived in the 20th century by the

8320: 7976: 7924: 7627: 7418: 7325: 7212: 6847: 6198: 5774: 3470: 2967: 2394: 2160:(2009). "The Reality of the Rulers (The Hypostasis of the Archons) and The Secret Book of John". 1186: 1051:

formation of the Earth's features by means of mostly slow-acting forces seen in operation today.

1018: 897: 119: 31: 8363: 6787: 1862: 1830: 8485: 8353: 7998: 7807: 7802: 7732: 7622: 7465: 7337: 7070: 6500: 6451: 6394: 6339: 6193: 5504: 5431: 5081: 4958: 4864: 4824: 4538: 3534: 3203: 3110: 2167: 1191: 1087: 656: 432:

Month 2, day 27, dry land appears, Noah and family and animals exit, animals begin to multiply

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7 pairs of clean animals, 1 pair unclean; 7 days to gather animals; Noah does as God commands.

4232: 4079: 3946: 3440: 2783: 2687: 855:

Another geologic feature believed to have been formed by massive catastrophic flooding is the

698: 8476: 8358: 8032: 8008: 7863: 7342: 7227: 7125: 7100: 6692: 6571: 6525: 6456: 6421: 5418: 5114: 5041: 4926: 4485: 4169: 4058: 4017: 3883: 3705: 3684: 3663: 3639: 3555: 3419: 3356: 1915: 1803: 1503: 1006: 1003: 666: 516: 474: 6657: 6165: 4306: 4190: 4100: 3811: 3728: 3618: 2803: 8575: 8452: 8325: 8265: 8118: 8052: 7895: 7883: 7727: 7536: 7295: 7290: 7192: 7152: 6956: 6852: 6842: 6835: 6389: 5769: 5614: 5194: 4907: 4792: 4752: 3021: 2991: 2957: 2799: 2750: 2534: 1064: 1026: 996: 922: 674: 562: 7482: 3466:

Inconsistency in the Torah: Ancient Literary Convention and the Limits of Source Criticism

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appears and scares away the Archons, revealing to Norea that she is a divine child of the

678: 670: 408:

Flood lasts 150 days; God remembers Noah, fountains and floodgates closed, waters recede;

8: 8514: 8442: 8270: 8260: 8231: 8099: 7932: 7873: 7443: 7352: 7252: 7242: 7182: 7177: 7172: 7162: 7157: 7142: 7137: 7058: 6914: 6792: 6737: 6662: 6086: 6050: 5622: 5554: 5461: 5294: 5277: 5209: 4899: 4643: 4042: 3856: 3836: 1980: 1366: 1159: 932: 845: 730: 706: 686: 661:

The Genesis flood narrative is included in the Old Testament of the Christian Bible (see

648: 611: 348:

Year 600, month 2, day 17: firmament breaks, waters fall from above and rise from below.

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The Primeval Flood Catastrophe: Origins and Early Development in Mesopotamian Traditions

2754: 2538: 2198:"Book Two, 1st Glorification: Upon Each Faithful Mandaean, I Will Place My Right Hand". 2037: 496:. The name of the hero, according to the version concerned, was Ziusudra, Atrahasis, or 8211: 7868: 7668: 7653: 7448: 7403: 7398: 7247: 6797: 6409: 5510: 5204: 5027: 4848: 4776: 4693: 4658: 3488: 3196: 3173: 3103: 2933: 2766: 2557: 2522: 2261: 1858: 1438: 1181: 1095: 829: 747: 743: 662: 652: 253: 182: 135: 106:

A global flood as described in this myth is inconsistent with the physical findings of

103:, and although many of its details are contradictory, the story forms a unified whole. 5747: 3150: 8131: 7792: 7740: 7722: 7663: 7285: 7222: 7217: 7147: 7043: 7003: 6998: 6981: 6951: 6617: 6561: 6555: 6404: 6381: 6203: 6133: 6091: 5753: 5560: 5538: 5138: 5055: 4612: 4516: 4493: 4470: 4438: 4417: 4396: 4375: 4333: 4312: 4291: 4268: 4238: 4217: 4196: 4175: 4150: 4125: 4106: 4085: 4064: 4023: 4002: 3983: 3973: 3952: 3931: 3910: 3889: 3872: 3832: 3817: 3796: 3773: 3753: 3734: 3713: 3690: 3669: 3645: 3624: 3604: 3582: 3561: 3540: 3519: 3498: 3474: 3446: 3425: 3404: 3383: 3362: 3313: 3262: 3244: 3234: 3207: 3114: 3081: 3056: 3029: 3001: 2971: 2937: 2811: 2770: 2677: 2562: 2345: 2321: 2282: 2247: 2171: 2110: 2100: 2077: 2067: 1850: 1846: 1809: 1641: 1498: 1421: 1412: 1196: 1111: 1031: 867: 607: 553:

appeared to the story's protagonist and commanded him to use tools to make a window (

493: 485: 262: 257: 81: 5304: 2852: 2785: 2741:(2001). "The age of the Earth in the twentieth century: a problem (mostly) solved". 418:

After 7 days Noah opens window, sends out raven, dove, dove, 7 days between flights

8437: 8172: 7888: 7632: 7541: 7262: 7257: 7065: 7008: 6991: 6961: 6892: 6667: 6446: 6324: 6251: 6071: 5947: 5628: 5550: 5522: 5498: 5390: 4950: 4856: 4808: 4700: 4146:

The Biblical Flood: A Case Study of the Church's Response to Extrabiblical Evidence

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Allen, E. A., et al., 1986, Cataclysms on the Columbia, Timber Press, Portland, OR.

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Creation and the persistence of evil : the Jewish drama of divine omnipotence

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Most scientific fields, particularly those contradicted by flood geology, rely on

7853: 7207: 7167: 7105: 6208: 6143: 5997: 5705: 5478: 5378: 4586: 4464: 4432: 4390: 4368: 4363: 4348: 4327: 4211: 4144: 3967: 3925: 3576: 3492: 3271:"Bretz knew that the very idea of catastrophic flooding would threaten and anger 2738: 2631: 2547: 2161: 2128: 1494: 1099: 947:, but by 1830 Sedgwick considered that the evidence suggested only local floods. 702: 628: 224: 96: 69: 7905: 844:

Localized catastrophic floodings have left traces in the geological record: the

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and taking animals along, yet some of the results seemed peculiar. In 1646 Sir

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In 2020, archaeologists discovered evidence of a tsunami that destroyed middle

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The Bible, rocks, and time : geological evidence for the age of the earth

8559: 8507: 8192: 8152: 8138: 7797: 7612: 7387: 6934: 6929: 6902: 6830: 6727: 6261: 6183: 5932: 5912: 5875: 5532: 5448: 5425: 5260: 5229: 5189: 4840: 4816: 4561: 4160: 4038: 3987: 3460: 3445:. Volume II: Biblical Studies. Oxford: Oxford University Press. p. 380. 2712: 2114: 1854: 1478: 1206: 1076: 1047: 1039: 991: 987: 948: 944: 918: 561:'s translation of this text made him propose that this fragment belongs to a 223:

It is generally agreed that the history draws on two sources, one called the

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Creation, Un-creation, Re-creation: A discursive commentary on Genesis 1-11

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Paleohydrology of late Pleistocene Superflooding, Altay Mountains, Siberia,

2153: 1173: 1131: 1103: 1068: 970:, but on the derivation of a more precise figure for the age of the Earth. 926: 689:). Some Christian biblical scholars suggest that the flood is a picture of 208: 115: 8178: 2243: 774:. Noah and his family are saved because they were able to build an ark or 265:

flood story in a way which neither of the proposed biblical sources does.

193: 8492: 8075: 8014: 7833: 7787: 7772: 7700: 7428: 6907: 6712: 6607: 6414: 6150: 6081: 5987: 5905: 5890: 5604: 5599: 5594: 5589: 5577: 5443: 5412: 5146: 4716: 4648: 4081:

The Meaning of the Pentateuch: Revelation, Composition and Interpretation

3659: 3230:

The creationists : from scientific creationism to intelligent design

3228: 2217: 2200: 2005:"Flood, the – Baker's Evangelical Dictionary of Biblical Theology Online" 1987:(Translated by Henrietta Szold) Philadelphia: Jewish Publication Society. 1382: 1080: 886: 878: 871: 694: 682: 497: 470: 239:), how many animals were to be taken aboard the ark (one pair of each in 123: 8530: 6587: 2344:(5th ed.). Alexandria, Virginia, American Geological Institute. 779 pp. 2129:"The Typological Interpretation of the Old Testament, by G.R. Schmeling" 8027: 7858: 7717: 7705: 7617: 7526: 7115: 6867: 6535: 6510: 6489: 6431: 6293: 6266: 5982: 5862: 5664: 5634: 5289: 5184: 4213:

The Lost World of the Flood: Mythology, Theology, and the Deluge Debate

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The Bible, Rocks and Time: Geological Evidence for the Age of the Earth

952: 795: 767: 722: 601:

The flood is a reversal and renewal of God's creation of the world. In

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Reading the Old Testament : an introduction to the Hebrew Bible

1569: 8185: 6687: 6682: 6550: 6505: 6426: 6314: 6309: 6278: 6035: 5992: 5957: 5922: 5870: 5682: 5670: 1646:

The biblical flood story in the light of the Gilgameš flood account

1460: 791: 634:

When the flood commenced, God caused each raindrop to pass through

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Noah and family and animals enter Ark on same day as flood begins.

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Some also relate the climate change phenomena associated with the

243:, one pair of the unclean animals and seven pairs of the clean in 8470: 7917: 7413: 7305: 6702: 6672: 6627: 6612: 6597: 6592: 6545: 6515: 6238: 6045: 6040: 5977: 5917: 5880: 5715: 5710: 5658: 5652: 5640: 5487: 4617: 2519: 2340:

Neuendorf, K.K.E., J.P. Mehl, Jr., and J.A. Jackson, eds. (2005)

1153: 901: 799: 763: 739: 710: 635: 576: 430:

Year 601, month 1, day 1: Noah opens cover; ground begins to dry;

228: 107: 100: 2582:"Massive Tsunami Hit the Neolithic Middle East 9,000+ Years Ago" 2099:. Nelson's concise series. : Nelson Reference & Electronic. 1046:, which for much of their history was seen to contrast with the 1017:, though those who were not Seventh-day Adventists rejected his 8521: 8166: 7987: 6971: 6877: 6722: 6677: 6622: 6582: 6566: 6540: 6484: 6329: 6256: 6160: 6128: 6118: 6066: 5967: 5900: 5688: 5676: 5239: 977: 905: 76:. It tells of God's decision to return the universe to its pre- 3603:, New Haven & London: Yale University Press, p. 276, 2847:

Senter, Phil. "The Defeat of Flood Geology by Flood Geology."

2395:

https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2004/12/041220010147.htm

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Genesis 1-11: Its Literary Coherence and Theological Message

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Bible and Interpretation: The Collected Essays of James Barr

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and attempt to defeat Bretz's 'outrageous hypothesis.'" p 49

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contribute to the flood myths found in numerous cultures.

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from the Altai Mountains caused massive flooding along the

550: 248: 170: 166: 3998:

The Rocks Don't Lie: A Geologist Investigates Noah's Flood

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his arguments had become a standard of geological thinking

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The Rocks Don't Lie: A Geologist Investigates Noah's Flood

1415:

The Rocks Don't Lie: A Geologist Investigates Noah's Flood

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the rocks don't lie; a geologist investigates Noah's flood

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The Rocks Don't Lie: A Geologist Investigates Noah's Flood

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may elaborate on the historicity of the flood narrative.

220:) may have been composed as late as the 3rd century BCE. 150: 4039:"The Geologic Column and its Implications for the Flood" 3174:"Radiocarbon Dating and American Evangelical Christians" 1950: 1948: 1711: 1554: 1527: 1525: 1523: 810:

The story of Noah and the Great Flood is related in the

3601:

The Secular Ark: Studies in the History of Biogeography

3578:

An Ark on the Nile: The Beginning of the Book of Exodus

1735: 1385:(20 January 2013). "Genesis meets geology. A review of 951:

subsequently explained such deposits as the results of

4168:

Young, Davis A.; Stearley, Ralph F. (18 August 2008).

3885:

The Old Testament: Its Background, Growth, and Content

2909: 2863: 2861: 2731: 2238:. Liverpool: Liverpool University Press. p. 215. 1783: 1337: 1335: 1292: 1290: 1277: 1275: 6370: 3789:"Non-Arguments Concerning the Documentary Hypothesis" 3331: 2309: 2097:

Matthew henry's concise commentary on the whole bible

1945: 1893: 1599: 1520: 1322: 1320: 1260: 1248: 4488:. In James D. G. Dunn, John William Rogerson (ed.). 4141:"Diluvial Cosmogonies and the Beginnings of Geology" 2897: 2849:

Reports of the National Center for Science Education

2334: 1933: 1687: 1675: 1651: 1589:"How Should we Interpret the Genesis Flood Account?" 1121: 1079:

wondered why the natives of North America had taken

410:

Month 7 day 17, Ark grounds on mountains of Ararat.

3708:. In Burnette-Bletsch, Rhonda; Morgan, Jon (eds.). 2956: 2858: 2605:"Charles Darwin as a prospective geological author" 1881: 1869: 1747: 1699: 1663: 1544: 1542: 1540: 1332: 1287: 1272: 750:; instead of an ark, Noah hides in a bright cloud. 469:Scholars believe that the flood myth originated in 4367: 3665:Noah's Flood: The Genesis Story in Western Thought 3226: 3195: 3102: 2963:Evangelicals and Science in Historical Perspective 2743:Special Publications, Geological Society of London 2191: 2064:Wiersbe's expository outlines on the Old Testament 1317: 1086:Browne, among the first to question the notion of 138:instead of a global event. Still others prefer to 4209: 2208: 1575: 30:"The Deluge" redirects here. For other uses, see 8557: 4413:The Liberating Image: The Imago Dei in Genesis 1 4326:Kessler, Martin; Deurloo, Karel Adriaan (2004). 2851:31:3 (May–June 2011). Printed electronically by 1537: 4366:. In Berlin, Adele; Brettler, Marc Zvi (eds.). 4329:A commentary on Genesis: the book of beginnings 3881: 1617: 4325: 4210:Walton, John H.; Longman III, Tremper (2018). 3791:. In Fox, Michael V.; Hurowitz, V. A. (eds.). 3282:. It was a heresy of the worst order." p. 44 3280:all that geological science had fought to gain 3143:Journal of the American Scientific Affiliation 2315: 577:Theology: the flood and the creation narrative 5822: 5359: 4546: 4167: 3075: 2927: 2623: 2389: 2387: 2266:: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of April 2024 ( 1499:"A Gentle Journey Through the Truth in Rocks" 879:cataclysmic flooding from the Altai Mountains 877:The current understanding of the prehistoric 4124:. Malden, MA: Wiley-Blackwell. p. 123. 3948:Creation Myths of the World: An Encyclopedia 3076:Young, Davis A.; Stearley, Ralph F. (2008). 4234:Ea's Duplicity in the Gilgamesh Flood Story 4230: 3882:Kaltner, John; McKenzie, Steven L. (2014). 3487: 3028:. University of Chicago Press. p. 84. 2354: 2225: 1311: 995:Genesis flood narrative) can be traced to " 8364:Ancient Shipwreck Museum at Kyrenia Castle 8311:International Congress of Maritime Museums 8291:Advisory Council on Underwater Archaeology 7583: 5829: 5815: 5366: 5352: 4553: 4539: 3994: 3202:. University of California Press. p. 3109:. University of California Press. p. 2827:"How Science Figured Out the Age of Earth" 2609:British Journal for the History of Science 2384: 1531: 958:In 1862, William Thomson (later to become 336:Noah enters Ark with animals after 7 days 8424: 8379:National Museum of Subaquatic Archaeology 4409: 4188: 4077: 3747: 3682: 3052:Science and Dissent in England, 1688–1945 2960:; Hart, Darryl G.; Noll, Mark A. (1999). 2824: 2737: 2654: 2556: 2546: 1789: 1777: 1765: 1741: 4430: 4361: 4355:A Practical Commentary on Holy Scripture 4304: 3965: 3813:Berossus and Genesis, Manetho and Exodus 3786: 3417: 3310:The Nature of the Stratigraphical Record 3285:"It was inevitable that sooner or later 2705: 2629: 2495:// Sedimentary Geology, 85 (1993) 53-62" 2432:// Sedimentary Geology, 85 (1993) 53-62" 1927: 1835:Journal of the American Oriental Society 1266: 1226: 510: 458: 192: 149: 38: 8349:Bodrum Museum of Underwater Archaeology 4560: 4506: 4388: 4364:"Genesis: introduction and annotations" 4119: 3944: 3809: 3703: 3193: 3100: 3020: 2990: 2915: 2853:California State University, Northridge 2602: 2579: 2094: 2061: 1828: 1801: 1717: 1441:(December 2013). "David R. Montgomery. 1296: 1254: 1054: 515:1896 illustration of the symbol of the 84:and remake it through the microcosm of 14: 8558: 8301:European Association of Archaeologists 4483: 4462: 4346: 4260: 4098: 4056: 4036: 3927:Climate, History, and the Modern World 3902: 3853:"Index to Creationist Claims, Geology" 3765: 3726: 3595: 3574: 3532: 3511: 3459: 3375: 3337: 3287:the geological community would rise up 2928:Piccardi, L.; Masse, W. Bruce (2007). 2891: 2456:Baker, V. R., G. Benito, A. N. Rudoy, 2231: 1966: 1954: 1911: 1899: 1887: 1875: 1729: 1705: 1693: 1657: 1629: 1341: 1281: 1219: 1112:ever-expanding number of known species 870:, which triggered the collapse of the 388:Waters rise, all creatures destroyed. 140:interpret the narrative as allegorical 8423: 7582: 7557:Pompey's campaign against the pirates 7515: 7385: 7384: 6767: 6369: 5848: 5836: 5810: 5464:and the origin of nations (10:1–11:9) 5347: 4534: 4451: 4281: 4138: 4015: 3870: 3850: 3830: 3637: 3396: 3354: 3080:. Downers Grove, Ill.: IVP Academic. 2903: 2879: 2867: 2719:from the original on 23 December 2005 2670:Biblical Chronology, Fact or Fiction? 2280: 2057: 2055: 1999: 1997: 1995: 1993: 1939: 1753: 1669: 1563: 1468:McConnachie, James (31 August 2013). 1326: 1009:, who was inspired by the visions of 3923: 3658: 3616: 3553: 3438: 3307: 3171: 3133: 3048: 2676:. University of London. p. 17. 2666: 2460:Science, 1993, Vol. 259, pp. 348-352 2405: 1805:A Complete Introduction to the Bible 1681: 1605: 1548: 939:interpreted geological phenomena as 705:demonstrates the Genesis flood as a 8296:Archaeological Institute of America 5373: 5321:Noah's Ark replicas and derivatives 5107:Doctor Dolittle and the Secret Lake 4801:Genesis: The Creation and the Flood 4455:A Commentary on the Book of Genesis 4022:. Society for Biblical Literature. 3623:. Oxford: Oxford University Press. 2837:from the original on 12 April 2016. 2791:Earth and Planetary Science Letters 2281:Weber, Christopher Gregory (1980). 2066:. Wheaton, Illinois: Victor Books. 1984:Vol I : The Inmates of the Ark 1107:spreading to repopulate the globe. 746:. A different view is found in the 617: 506: 24: 4308:The book of Genesis: chapters 1–17 4290:. University of California Press. 4253: 4174:. InterVarsity Press. p. 45. 4037:Morton, Glenn (17 February 2001). 2580:Kiderra, Inga (23 December 2020). 2470:Wiley & Sons Ltd, 1998. 353 p. 2320:. Sandpoint, Idaho: Keokee Books. 2283:"The Fatal Flaws of Flood Geology" 2052: 1990: 1474:, by David R. Montgomery - review" 25: 8597: 8306:Institute of Nautical Archaeology 7696:Coastal defence and fortification 7071:Roman circumnavigation of Britain 6371:Navigation, and ports and harbors 5035:Captain Noah and His Floating Zoo 4994:The Return of the Dove to the Ark 4347:Knecht, Friedrich Justus (1910). 4192:Calendars in the Dead Sea Scrolls 3877:. University of California Press. 3400:The Composition of the Pentateuch 2316:Bjornstad, B.; Kiver, E. (2012). 1110:There was also the problem of an 8540: 8406: 8331:Society for American Archaeology 7565: 7498: 7367: 6750: 6352: 4687:Captain Noah and His Magical Ark 4122:Science and religion in dialogue 3874:The Counter-Creationism Handbook 2715:. U.S. Geological Survey. 1997. 1863:10.7817/jameroriesoci.136.3.0507 1847:10.7817/jameroriesoci.136.3.0507 1166: 1152: 1138: 1124: 912: 874:, with the Biblical flood myth. 786:term; it is cognate with Syriac 376:Flood lasts 40 days and nights. 44:The Flood of Noah and Companions 7763:Phoenician discovery of America 4469:. Westminster John Knox Press. 4431:Rogerson, John William (1991). 3851:Isaak, Mark (5 November 2006). 3424:. Wadsworth/ Cengage Learning. 3347: 3301: 3255: 3220: 3187: 3165: 3127: 3094: 3069: 3042: 3014: 2984: 2950: 2921: 2841: 2818: 2777: 2660: 2648: 2611:. No. 24. pp. 171–174 2596: 2573: 2513: 2483: 2473: 2463: 2450: 2420: 2411: 2399: 2372: 2297: 2274: 2146: 2121: 2088: 2022: 1972: 1822: 1795: 1635: 1581: 1063:and increased awareness of the 642: 7455:Periplus of the Erythraean Sea 5545:Jacob wrestling with the angel 4761:The Bible: In the Beginning... 4410:Middleton, J. Richard (2005). 4350:"Chapter VI. The Deluge" 3966:Levenson, Jon Douglas (1988). 3833:"Problems with a Global Flood" 3382:. Cambridge University Press. 3361:. W. W. Norton & Company. 2997:The Great Devonian Controversy 1356:Kuchment, Anna (August 2012). 1347: 1065:global distribution of species 823: 188: 13: 1: 8374:Museum of Ancient Ships, Pisa 7049:Phoenician maritime expansion 4463:Towner, Wayne Sibley (2001). 4120:Stewart, Melville Y. (2010). 3995:Montgomery, David R. (2012). 3909:. Wipf and Stock Publishers. 3793:Texts, Temples and Traditions 3787:Friedman, Richard E. (1996). 3752:, Stanford University Press, 3439:Barr, James (28 March 2013). 2763:10.1144/GSL.SP.2001.190.01.14 2215:"Book Nineteen: The Deluge". 1802:Gilbert, Christopher (2009). 1576:Walton & Longman III 2018 1236: 850:series of catastrophic floods 762:killed by fire, leaving only 725:codex now referred to as the 716: 356:Rains 40 days and 40 nights. 201: 47: 8316:Nautical Archaeology Society 4978:Scenes from the Life of Noah 4231:Worthington, Martin (2019). 4189:VanderKam, James C. (2002). 3810:Gmirkin, Russell E. (2006). 3748:Dalrymple, G. Brent (1991), 3704:Collins, Matthew A. (2017). 3683:Guillaume, Philippe (2010). 3497:. Bloomsbury T&T Clark. 3000:. Springer. pp. 42–44. 2812:10.1016/0012-821X(80)90024-2 2667:Barr, James (4 March 1987). 2548:10.1371/journal.pone.0243619 1241: 1042:'s established principle of 883:glacial lake outburst floods 753: 729:, it is the corrupt rulers ( 227:, the other non-Priestly or 7: 8369:Museum of Ancient Seafaring 7746:Temple of Poseidon, Sounion 7552:Kidnapping of Julius Caesar 7409:Indus–Mesopotamia relations 6768: 5849: 5737:Allegorical interpretations 5400:Genesis creation narratives 5256:Black Sea deluge hypothesis 5235:Noah in rabbinic literature 4515:. Oxford University Press. 4374:. Oxford University Press. 4305:Hamilton, Victor P (1990). 4102:Theology from the Beginning 4078:Sailhamer, John H. (2010). 3733:. Oxford University Press. 3581:. Oxford University Press. 3418:Bandstra, Barry L. (2008). 3227:Numbers, Ronald L. (2006). 3194:Numbers, Ronald L. (1993). 3101:Numbers, Ronald L. (1993). 2825:Braterman, Paul S. (2013). 2491:"Rudoy, A.N., Baker, V. R. 2428:"Rudoy, A.N., Baker, V. R. 1618:Kaltner & McKenzie 2014 1392:Evolution & Development 1389:, by David R. Montgomery". 1117: 982:4.54 billion years old 839:Black Sea deluge hypothesis 790:, which is attested in the 10: 8602: 8225:Phoenician Ship Expedition 7516: 7066:Pytheas' voyage to Britain 7059:Circumnavigation of Africa 5494:Abraham and Lot's conflict 4769:O Trapalhão na Arca de Noé 3945:Leeming, David A. (2010). 3903:Keiser, Thomas A. (2013). 3727:Dalley, Stephanie (2008). 3512:Bridge, Steven L. (2009). 2287:Creation Evolution Journal 2246:(inactive 26 April 2024). 916: 832:event or the origins of a 646: 596:Genesis creation narrative 584:Genesis creation narrative 462: 268: 145: 29: 8538: 8430: 8419: 8404: 8339: 8281: 8084: 8068: 7816: 7751:Samothrace temple complex 7686: 7641: 7600: 7593: 7589: 7578: 7563: 7522: 7511: 7496: 7394: 7380: 7365: 7318: 7271: 7124: 7091: 7084: 7022: 6823: 6780: 6776: 6763: 6748: 6467: 6380: 6376: 6365: 6350: 6302: 6237: 6174: 6059: 6028: 5861: 5857: 5844: 5788: 5762: 5724: 5698: 5613: 5570: 5477: 5389: 5313: 5248: 5200:Ancient Greek flood myths 5177: 5098: 5065: 5012: 4969: 4918: 4891: 4736: 4678: 4671: 4631: 4595: 4575: 4568: 4490:Eerdmans Bible Commentary 4362:Levenson, Jon D. (2004). 4286:. In Dundes, Alan (ed.). 4282:Habel, Norman C. (1988). 4261:Cotter, David W. (2003). 3951:. Vol. 1. ABC-CLIO. 3668:. Yale University Press. 3533:Burton, Keith A. (2019). 3515:Getting the Old Testament 3403:. Yale University Press. 3149:(1): 1–15. Archived from 2034:www.creationworldview.org 1015:Christian fundamentalists 727:Hypostasis of the Archons 622: 396:All creatures destroyed. 283:Yahwist (or non-Priestly) 7039:Greeks in pre-Roman Gaul 5780:Papyrus Oxyrhynchus 1007 5732:Framework interpretation 5215:Mesoamerican flood myths 5163:Not the End of the World 5131:Not Wanted on the Voyage 4881:The Ark and the Aardvark 4511:. In John Barton (ed.). 4452:Sacks, Robert D (1990). 4149:. Eerdmans. p. 79. 4139:Young, Davis A. (1995). 4099:Schule, Andreas (2017). 3924:Lamb, Hubert H. (1995). 3376:Arnold, Bill T. (2009). 3273:the geological community 3172:Yang, Seung-Hun (1993). 2855:. Retrieved 7 June 2014. 2603:Herbert, Sandra (1991). 2232:Häberl, Charles (2022). 2133:www.bible-researcher.com 2062:Wiersbe, Warren (1993). 1978:Ginzberg, Louis (1909). 1212: 805: 142:rather than historical. 99:and the non-Priestly or 8321:RPM Nautical Foundation 8058:Surviving ancient ships 7977:Marsala Punic shipwreck 5775:Papyrus Oxyrhynchus 656 5438:Genesis flood narrative 5333:Noah's Ark silver coins 5272:In Search of Noah's Ark 5266:Searches for Noah's Ark 4623:Wives aboard Noah's Ark 4583:Genesis flood narrative 4513:Oxford Bible Commentary 4484:Wenham, Gordon (2003). 4389:McKeown, James (2008). 3766:Finkel, Irving (2014). 3644:. National Geographic. 3638:Cline, Eric H. (2007). 3554:Carr, David M. (2021). 3471:Oxford University Press 3397:Baden, Joel S. (2012). 3358:The Five Books of Moses 3308:Ager, Derek V. (1993). 2968:Oxford University Press 2804:1980E&PSL..47..370M 2095:Matthew, Henry (2000). 1981:The Legends of the Jews 1187:Chronology of the Bible 900:coastal settlements in 898:Pre-Pottery Neolithic B 794:New Testament, such as 563:Mesopotamian flood myth 519:, which God created as 120:distribution of species 66:Genesis flood narrative 32:Deluge (disambiguation) 8354:Giza Solar boat museum 7808:Underwater exploration 7803:Underwater archaeology 7768:Pre-Columbian theories 7623:John Sinclair Morrison 7584:Research and education 7034:Austronesian Expansion 5742:Wife–sister narratives 5505:Covenant of the pieces 5432:Genealogies of Genesis 4865:Ooops! Noah Is Gone... 4825:Raining Cats and Frogs 4370:The Jewish Study Bible 4216:. InterVarsity Press. 4084:. InterVarsity Press. 4057:Oliver, Simon (2017). 3730:Myths from Mesopotamia 3706:"An Ongoing Tradition" 3575:Bodner, Keith (2016). 3355:Alter, Robert (2008). 3055:. Aldershot: Ashgate. 2894:, p. unpaginated. 2882:, p. unpaginated. 1192:Documentary hypothesis 1088:spontaneous generation 657:Biblical infallibility 523: 521:a sign of the covenant 328:Noah's age: 600 years 212: 162: 61: 59:Musée d'Arts de Nantes 8571:Comparative mythology 8425:Legend and literature 8383:Viking ship museums: 8359:Grand Egyptian Museum 8119:Austronesian replicas 8094:Heyerdahl expeditions 8004:Caligula's Giant Ship 7864:Dover Bronze Age Boat 6526:Berenice Troglodytica 5419:Serpents in the Bible 5115:The Moon in the Cloud 4927:Il diluvio universale 4507:Whybray, R.N (2001). 4016:Miano, David (2010). 3930:. London: Routledge. 3560:. Kohlhammer Verlag. 3022:Rudwick, Martin J. S. 2992:Rudwick, Martin J. S. 2630:Buckland, W. (1823). 2244:10.3828/9781800856271 1829:Darshan, Guy (2016). 1007:George McCready Price 1004:Seventh-day Adventist 997:Scriptural geologists 514: 475:Old Babylonian Period 459:Comparative mythology 196: 153: 68:(chapters 6–9 of the 42: 8326:Sea Research Society 7728:Maritime archaeology 7537:Ameinias the Phocian 7532:Mediterranean piracy 5770:Papyrus Berlin 17213 5210:Great Flood of China 5195:Gilgamesh flood myth 4793:Stowaways on the Ark 4267:. Liturgical Press. 3972:. Harper & Row. 3871:Isaak, Mark (2007). 3750:The Age of the Earth 3617:Chen, Y. S. (2013). 2592:on 15 December 2023. 2501:on 15 September 2011 2438:on 15 September 2011 1969:, p. 133 fn.29. 1055:Species distribution 1027:scientific consensus 923:Scriptural geologist 889:(in the present-day 7419:Maritime Jade Route 6572:Kaveri Poompattinam 5555:coat of many colors 5462:Generations of Noah 5434:(5:1–6:8, 11:10–26) 5295:Mosque of Ibn Tulun 5278:Mountains of Ararat 5082:Super 3D Noah's Ark 4900:The Flowering Peach 4644:Generations of Noah 4043:TalkOrigins Archive 4019:Shadow on the Steps 3857:TalkOrigins Archive 3837:TalkOrigins Archive 3769:The Ark Before Noah 3489:Blenkinsopp, Joseph 3049:Wood, Paul (2004). 2831:Scientific American 2755:2001GSLSP.190..205D 2739:Dalrymple, G. Brent 2539:2020PLoSO..1543619S 2369:45(7), pp. 583-586. 2342:Glossary of Geology 1632:, pp. 236–268. 1595:. 20 November 2023. 1578:, pp. 145–146. 1566:, pp. 237–238. 1495:Prothero, Donald R. 1472:The Rocks Don't Lie 1367:Scientific American 1160:Christianity portal 933:biblical chronology 846:Channeled Scablands 748:Secret Book of John 721:In the 3rd century 691:salvation in Christ 649:Biblical literalism 235:, 150 according to 27:Biblical flood myth 8581:Mesopotamian myths 7967:Bajo de la Campana 7669:Peter Throckmorton 7654:Jean-Yves Empereur 7628:William L. Rodgers 7449:Maritime Silk Road 5796:Textual variations 5511:Sodom and Gomorrah 5402:(1:1–2:3, 2:4–25) 5205:Finnish flood myth 5042:The Prophet's Song 4849:40 Days and Nights 4777:La Biblia en pasta 4659:Seven Laws of Noah 3888:. Wipf and Stock. 3641:From Eden to Exile 3026:Worlds before Adam 2958:Livingstone, David 2934:Geological Society 2786:Allègre, Claude J. 2713:"Age of the Earth" 2586:UC San Diego Today 1732:, p. 1978-79. 1497:(2 January 2013). 1182:Biblical cosmology 1100:natural historical 1096:Athanasius Kircher 941:Reliquiæ Diluvianæ 830:genetic bottleneck 663:Books of the Bible 653:Biblical inerrancy 559:Antoine Cavigneaux 524: 213: 183:covenant with Noah 163: 62: 18:Noah and the flood 8553: 8552: 8549: 8548: 8415: 8414: 8402: 8401: 8022:Madrague de Giens 7741:Temple of Isthmia 7737:Maritime temples 7723:Marine navigation 7682: 7681: 7674:Shelley Wachsmann 7664:J. Richard Steffy 7574: 7573: 7507: 7506: 7376: 7375: 7363: 7362: 7314: 7313: 7044:Ocean exploration 6759: 6758: 6746: 6745: 6405:Rutter (nautical) 6361: 6360: 6348: 6347: 6204:Mortise and tenon 5838:Ancient seafaring 5804: 5803: 5754:Pesher on Genesis 5561:Blessing of Jacob 5341: 5340: 5173: 5172: 5056:Forever Not Yours 4753:Father Noah's Ark 4667: 4666: 4437:. T&T Clark. 4332:. Paulist Press. 4284:"Two Flood Myths" 4223:978-0-8308-8782-8 4181:978-0-8308-2876-0 4163:on 31 March 2007. 4156:978-0-8028-0719-9 4131:978-1-4051-8921-7 3895:978-1-62564-264-6 3831:Isaak, M (1998). 3823:978-0-567-13439-4 3740:978-0-19-102721-5 3686:Land and Calendar 3588:978-0-19-878407-4 3567:978-0-567-13439-4 3480:978-0-19-065882-3 3461:Berman, Joshua A. 3452:978-0-19-969289-7 3267:978-0-88192-067-3 3213:978-0-520-08393-6 3135:Kulp, J. Laurence 3120:978-0-520-08393-6 3087:978-0-8308-2876-0 3062:978-0-7546-3718-9 3035:978-0-226-73128-5 3007:978-0-226-73102-5 2977:978-0-19-511557-4 2943:978-1-86239-216-8 2784:Manhesa, Gérard; 2253:978-1-80085-627-1 2163:The Gnostic Bible 2009:Bible Study Tools 1808:. Paulist Press. 1642:Gary A. Rendsburg 1422:Publishers Weekly 1405:10.1111/ede.12017 1197:Mosaic authorship 1044:uniformitarianism 1032:The Genesis Flood 962:) calculated the 868:Piora Oscillation 608:Epic of Gilgamesh 582:forgiveness. The 494:Epic of Gilgamesh 486:Akkadian language 456: 455: 118:, and the global 16:(Redirected from 8593: 8586:Noach (parashah) 8566:Primeval history 8544: 8543: 8438:Ark of bulrushes 8421: 8420: 8410: 8409: 8048:Oldest surviving 7758:Nusantao network 7633:Chester G. Starr 7598: 7597: 7591: 7590: 7580: 7579: 7569: 7568: 7542:Cilician pirates 7513: 7512: 7502: 7501: 7439:Sa Huynh-Kalanay 7434:Iron Age Britain 7382: 7381: 7371: 7370: 7089: 7088: 6778: 6777: 6765: 6764: 6754: 6753: 6668:Ptolemais Theron 6378: 6377: 6367: 6366: 6356: 6355: 5948:Single-outrigger 5859: 5858: 5846: 5845: 5831: 5824: 5817: 5808: 5807: 5583:In the beginning 5523:Binding of Isaac 5499:Battle of Siddim 5391:Primeval history 5368: 5361: 5354: 5345: 5344: 5002:After the Deluge 4676: 4675: 4573: 4572: 4555: 4548: 4541: 4532: 4531: 4526: 4503: 4480: 4459: 4448: 4427: 4416:. Brazos Press. 4406: 4385: 4373: 4358: 4352: 4343: 4322: 4301: 4278: 4248: 4227: 4206: 4185: 4164: 4159:. Archived from 4135: 4116: 4105:. Mohr Siebeck. 4095: 4074: 4053: 4051: 4049: 4033: 4012: 3991: 3962: 3941: 3920: 3899: 3878: 3867: 3865: 3863: 3847: 3845: 3843: 3827: 3806: 3783: 3762: 3744: 3723: 3710:Noah as Antihero 3700: 3679: 3655: 3634: 3613: 3592: 3571: 3550: 3536:Symbolic numbers 3529: 3508: 3484: 3456: 3435: 3414: 3393: 3372: 3341: 3335: 3329: 3323: 3305: 3299: 3259: 3253: 3252: 3224: 3218: 3217: 3201: 3198:The Creationists 3191: 3185: 3184: 3182: 3180: 3169: 3163: 3162: 3160: 3158: 3139:"Deluge Geology" 3131: 3125: 3124: 3108: 3105:The Creationists 3098: 3092: 3091: 3073: 3067: 3066: 3046: 3040: 3039: 3018: 3012: 3011: 2988: 2982: 2981: 2954: 2948: 2947: 2930:Myth and Geology 2925: 2919: 2913: 2907: 2901: 2895: 2889: 2883: 2877: 2871: 2865: 2856: 2845: 2839: 2838: 2822: 2816: 2815: 2781: 2775: 2774: 2735: 2729: 2728: 2726: 2724: 2709: 2703: 2702: 2700: 2698: 2692: 2686:. Archived from 2675: 2664: 2658: 2657:, pp. 14–17 2652: 2646: 2645: 2643: 2641: 2627: 2621: 2620: 2618: 2616: 2600: 2594: 2593: 2588:. Archived from 2577: 2571: 2570: 2560: 2550: 2533:(12): e0243619. 2517: 2511: 2510: 2508: 2506: 2497:. Archived from 2487: 2481: 2477: 2471: 2467: 2461: 2454: 2448: 2447: 2445: 2443: 2434:. Archived from 2424: 2418: 2415: 2409: 2403: 2397: 2391: 2382: 2376: 2370: 2358: 2352: 2338: 2332: 2331: 2313: 2307: 2301: 2295: 2294: 2278: 2272: 2271: 2265: 2257: 2229: 2223: 2222: 2212: 2206: 2205: 2195: 2189: 2188: 2186: 2184: 2158:Willis Barnstone 2150: 2144: 2143: 2141: 2139: 2125: 2119: 2118: 2092: 2086: 2085: 2059: 2050: 2049: 2047: 2045: 2036:. Archived from 2026: 2020: 2019: 2017: 2015: 2001: 1988: 1976: 1970: 1964: 1958: 1952: 1943: 1937: 1931: 1930:, p. 10–11. 1925: 1919: 1909: 1903: 1897: 1891: 1885: 1879: 1873: 1867: 1866: 1826: 1820: 1819: 1799: 1793: 1787: 1781: 1780:, p. 73–74. 1775: 1769: 1768:, p. 73-74. 1763: 1757: 1751: 1745: 1739: 1733: 1727: 1721: 1720:, p. 10–11. 1715: 1709: 1703: 1697: 1691: 1685: 1679: 1673: 1667: 1661: 1655: 1649: 1639: 1633: 1627: 1621: 1615: 1609: 1608:, p. 11–12. 1603: 1597: 1596: 1585: 1579: 1573: 1567: 1561: 1552: 1546: 1535: 1529: 1518: 1515: 1513: 1511: 1490: 1488: 1486: 1464: 1439:Bork, Kennard B. 1434: 1432: 1430: 1408: 1378: 1376: 1374: 1351: 1345: 1339: 1330: 1324: 1315: 1312:Worthington 2019 1309: 1300: 1294: 1285: 1279: 1270: 1264: 1258: 1252: 1230: 1223: 1176: 1171: 1170: 1169: 1162: 1157: 1156: 1148: 1143: 1142: 1141: 1134: 1129: 1128: 1127: 1094:(1547–1606) and 964:age of the Earth 937:William Buckland 881:is that several 667:Matthew 24:37–39 618:Later traditions 612:Solomon's Temple 569:or Tablet IX of 547:Exodus narrative 507:Flood chronology 482:Epic of Ziusudra 276: 275: 218:primeval history 206: 205: 1896–1902 203: 198:Building the Ark 132:pseudoscientific 93:primeval history 52: 49: 21: 8601: 8600: 8596: 8595: 8594: 8592: 8591: 8590: 8556: 8555: 8554: 8545: 8541: 8536: 8426: 8411: 8407: 8398: 8341: 8335: 8283: 8282:Institutes and 8277: 8232:Viking replicas 8173:Balangay Voyage 8086: 8080: 8064: 7819: 7812: 7688: 7678: 7637: 7585: 7570: 7566: 7561: 7518: 7503: 7499: 7494: 7390: 7372: 7368: 7359: 7310: 7267: 7120: 7080: 7025: 7018: 6819: 6772: 6755: 6751: 6742: 6618:Mueang Phra Rot 6472: 6463: 6372: 6357: 6353: 6344: 6298: 6272:Triangular sail 6233: 6170: 6144:Sail components 6055: 6024: 5998:Tessarakonteres 5853: 5840: 5835: 5805: 5800: 5784: 5758: 5748:Arcana Cœlestia 5720: 5694: 5609: 5566: 5479:Patriarchal age 5473: 5385: 5384: 5379:Book of Genesis 5372: 5342: 5337: 5309: 5244: 5169: 5094: 5061: 5008: 4965: 4914: 4887: 4732: 4663: 4627: 4591: 4587:Book of Genesis 4564: 4559: 4529: 4523: 4500: 4477: 4458:. Edwin Mellen. 4445: 4424: 4403: 4382: 4340: 4319: 4298: 4275: 4256: 4254:Further reading 4251: 4245: 4224: 4203: 4182: 4157: 4132: 4113: 4092: 4071: 4047: 4045: 4030: 4009: 3980: 3959: 3938: 3917: 3896: 3861: 3859: 3841: 3839: 3824: 3803: 3795:. Eisenbrauns. 3780: 3772:. Hachette UK. 3760: 3741: 3720: 3697: 3676: 3652: 3631: 3611: 3589: 3568: 3547: 3526: 3505: 3481: 3453: 3432: 3411: 3390: 3369: 3350: 3345: 3344: 3336: 3332: 3320: 3306: 3302: 3260: 3256: 3241: 3225: 3221: 3214: 3192: 3188: 3178: 3176: 3170: 3166: 3156: 3154: 3132: 3128: 3121: 3099: 3095: 3088: 3074: 3070: 3063: 3047: 3043: 3036: 3019: 3015: 3008: 2989: 2985: 2978: 2955: 2951: 2944: 2926: 2922: 2914: 2910: 2902: 2898: 2890: 2886: 2878: 2874: 2866: 2859: 2846: 2842: 2823: 2819: 2782: 2778: 2736: 2732: 2722: 2720: 2711: 2710: 2706: 2696: 2694: 2693:on 28 June 2010 2690: 2684: 2673: 2665: 2661: 2653: 2649: 2639: 2637: 2628: 2624: 2614: 2612: 2601: 2597: 2578: 2574: 2518: 2514: 2504: 2502: 2489: 2488: 2484: 2478: 2474: 2468: 2464: 2455: 2451: 2441: 2439: 2426: 2425: 2421: 2416: 2412: 2404: 2400: 2392: 2385: 2377: 2373: 2359: 2355: 2339: 2335: 2328: 2314: 2310: 2302: 2298: 2279: 2275: 2259: 2258: 2254: 2230: 2226: 2214: 2213: 2209: 2197: 2196: 2192: 2182: 2180: 2178: 2151: 2147: 2137: 2135: 2127: 2126: 2122: 2107: 2093: 2089: 2074: 2060: 2053: 2043: 2041: 2040:on 20 July 2007 2028: 2027: 2023: 2013: 2011: 2003: 2002: 1991: 1977: 1973: 1965: 1961: 1953: 1946: 1938: 1934: 1926: 1922: 1910: 1906: 1898: 1894: 1886: 1882: 1874: 1870: 1827: 1823: 1816: 1800: 1796: 1788: 1784: 1776: 1772: 1764: 1760: 1752: 1748: 1740: 1736: 1728: 1724: 1716: 1712: 1704: 1700: 1692: 1688: 1684:, p. 1,11. 1680: 1676: 1668: 1664: 1656: 1652: 1640: 1636: 1628: 1624: 1616: 1612: 1604: 1600: 1587: 1586: 1582: 1574: 1570: 1562: 1555: 1547: 1538: 1532:Montgomery 2012 1530: 1521: 1509: 1507: 1493: 1484: 1482: 1467: 1437: 1428: 1426: 1411: 1383:Raff, Rudolf A. 1381: 1372: 1370: 1355: 1352: 1348: 1340: 1333: 1325: 1318: 1310: 1303: 1295: 1288: 1280: 1273: 1265: 1261: 1253: 1249: 1244: 1239: 1234: 1233: 1227:Friedman (1996) 1224: 1220: 1215: 1172: 1167: 1165: 1158: 1151: 1144: 1139: 1137: 1130: 1125: 1123: 1120: 1057: 929: 917:Main articles: 915: 826: 808: 756: 719: 703:1 Peter 3:18–22 699:1 Peter 3:18–22 659: 645: 629:Jewish folklore 625: 620: 579: 509: 467: 461: 431: 409: 288: 284: 280: 271: 247:), and whether 225:Priestly source 204: 191: 148: 97:Priestly source 70:Book of Genesis 50: 35: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 8599: 8589: 8588: 8583: 8578: 8573: 8568: 8551: 8550: 8547: 8546: 8539: 8537: 8535: 8534: 8527: 8526: 8525: 8518: 8511: 8504: 8496: 8489: 8482: 8474: 8464: 8463: 8462: 8461: 8460: 8455: 8450: 8440: 8431: 8428: 8427: 8417: 8416: 8413: 8412: 8405: 8403: 8400: 8399: 8397: 8396: 8395: 8394: 8389: 8381: 8376: 8371: 8366: 8361: 8356: 8351: 8345: 8343: 8337: 8336: 8334: 8333: 8328: 8323: 8318: 8313: 8308: 8303: 8298: 8293: 8287: 8285: 8279: 8278: 8276: 8275: 8274: 8273: 8268: 8263: 8258: 8251: 8243: 8242: 8241: 8229: 8228: 8227: 8222: 8215: 8207:Mediterranean 8205: 8204: 8203: 8196: 8189: 8182: 8175: 8170: 8163: 8160:Alingano Maisu 8156: 8149: 8142: 8135: 8128: 8116: 8115: 8114: 8103: 8090: 8088: 8082: 8081: 8079: 8078: 8072: 8070: 8066: 8065: 8063: 8062: 8061: 8060: 8055: 8050: 8042: 8041: 8040: 8035: 8030: 8025: 8018: 8011: 8009:De Meern ships 8006: 8001: 7996: 7991: 7981: 7980: 7979: 7971: 7970: 7969: 7964: 7956: 7955: 7954: 7947: 7940: 7935: 7927: 7922: 7921: 7920: 7910: 7909: 7908: 7903: 7893: 7892: 7891: 7886: 7881: 7879:Cape Gelidonya 7876: 7871: 7866: 7861: 7856: 7851: 7846: 7841: 7836: 7824: 7822: 7814: 7813: 7811: 7810: 7805: 7800: 7795: 7790: 7785: 7780: 7775: 7770: 7765: 7760: 7755: 7754: 7753: 7748: 7743: 7735: 7730: 7725: 7720: 7715: 7714: 7713: 7703: 7698: 7692: 7690: 7684: 7683: 7680: 7679: 7677: 7676: 7671: 7666: 7661: 7656: 7651: 7645: 7643: 7642:Archaeologists 7639: 7638: 7636: 7635: 7630: 7625: 7620: 7615: 7610: 7608:David Blackman 7604: 7602: 7595: 7587: 7586: 7576: 7575: 7572: 7571: 7564: 7562: 7560: 7559: 7554: 7549: 7547:Jewish pirates 7544: 7539: 7534: 7529: 7523: 7520: 7519: 7509: 7508: 7505: 7504: 7497: 7495: 7493: 7492: 7491: 7490: 7480: 7479: 7478: 7468: 7463: 7458: 7451: 7446: 7441: 7436: 7431: 7426: 7421: 7416: 7411: 7406: 7401: 7395: 7392: 7391: 7378: 7377: 7374: 7373: 7366: 7364: 7361: 7360: 7358: 7357: 7356: 7355: 7345: 7340: 7335: 7334: 7333: 7322: 7320: 7316: 7315: 7312: 7311: 7309: 7308: 7303: 7298: 7293: 7288: 7283: 7278: 7272: 7269: 7268: 7266: 7265: 7260: 7255: 7250: 7245: 7240: 7235: 7233:Lake Trasimene 7230: 7225: 7220: 7215: 7210: 7205: 7200: 7195: 7190: 7185: 7180: 7175: 7170: 7165: 7160: 7155: 7150: 7145: 7140: 7134:Mediterranean: 7130: 7128: 7122: 7121: 7119: 7118: 7113: 7108: 7103: 7097: 7095: 7086: 7082: 7081: 7079: 7078: 7073: 7068: 7063: 7062: 7061: 7056: 7046: 7041: 7036: 7030: 7028: 7020: 7019: 7017: 7016: 7011: 7006: 7001: 6996: 6995: 6994: 6989: 6979: 6974: 6969: 6964: 6959: 6954: 6949: 6944: 6943: 6942: 6937: 6932: 6922: 6917: 6912: 6911: 6910: 6905: 6900: 6895: 6890: 6885: 6880: 6875: 6870: 6865: 6860: 6855: 6850: 6840: 6839: 6838: 6827: 6825: 6821: 6820: 6818: 6817: 6812: 6811: 6810: 6805: 6795: 6790: 6784: 6782: 6774: 6773: 6761: 6760: 6757: 6756: 6749: 6747: 6744: 6743: 6741: 6740: 6735: 6730: 6725: 6720: 6715: 6710: 6705: 6700: 6695: 6690: 6685: 6680: 6675: 6670: 6665: 6660: 6655: 6650: 6645: 6640: 6630: 6625: 6620: 6615: 6610: 6605: 6600: 6595: 6590: 6585: 6580: 6574: 6569: 6564: 6559: 6553: 6548: 6543: 6538: 6533: 6528: 6523: 6518: 6513: 6508: 6503: 6498: 6492: 6487: 6482: 6476: 6474: 6465: 6464: 6462: 6461: 6460: 6459: 6454: 6449: 6441: 6440: 6439: 6437:Maritime pilot 6434: 6424: 6419: 6418: 6417: 6407: 6402: 6400:Portolan chart 6397: 6392: 6386: 6384: 6374: 6373: 6363: 6362: 6359: 6358: 6351: 6349: 6346: 6345: 6343: 6342: 6337: 6332: 6327: 6322: 6317: 6312: 6306: 6304: 6300: 6299: 6297: 6296: 6291: 6286: 6281: 6276: 6275: 6274: 6269: 6264: 6259: 6249: 6243: 6241: 6235: 6234: 6232: 6231: 6230: 6229: 6221: 6216: 6211: 6206: 6201: 6196: 6191: 6186: 6180: 6178: 6172: 6171: 6169: 6168: 6163: 6158: 6153: 6148: 6147: 6146: 6136: 6131: 6126: 6121: 6116: 6111: 6106: 6101: 6100: 6099: 6089: 6084: 6079: 6074: 6069: 6063: 6061: 6057: 6056: 6054: 6053: 6048: 6043: 6038: 6032: 6030: 6026: 6025: 6023: 6022: 6017: 6012: 6007: 6002: 6001: 6000: 5995: 5990: 5985: 5980: 5975: 5973:Oared warships 5970: 5962: 5961: 5960: 5955: 5950: 5940: 5935: 5930: 5925: 5920: 5915: 5910: 5909: 5908: 5898: 5893: 5888: 5883: 5878: 5873: 5867: 5865: 5855: 5854: 5842: 5841: 5834: 5833: 5826: 5819: 5811: 5802: 5801: 5799: 5798: 5792: 5790: 5786: 5785: 5783: 5782: 5777: 5772: 5766: 5764: 5760: 5759: 5757: 5756: 5751: 5744: 5739: 5734: 5728: 5726: 5722: 5721: 5719: 5718: 5713: 5708: 5702: 5700: 5696: 5695: 5693: 5692: 5686: 5680: 5674: 5668: 5662: 5656: 5650: 5644: 5638: 5632: 5626: 5619: 5617: 5615:Torah readings 5611: 5610: 5608: 5607: 5602: 5597: 5592: 5587: 5586: 5585: 5574: 5572: 5571:Notable verses 5568: 5567: 5565: 5564: 5558: 5548: 5542: 5539:Jacob's Ladder 5536: 5526: 5520: 5514: 5508: 5502: 5496: 5491: 5484: 5482: 5475: 5474: 5472: 5471: 5468:Tower of Babel 5465: 5459: 5453: 5452: 5451: 5446: 5435: 5429: 5423: 5422: 5421: 5410: 5409: 5408: 5396: 5394: 5387: 5386: 5383: 5382: 5374: 5371: 5370: 5363: 5356: 5348: 5339: 5338: 5336: 5335: 5330: 5323: 5317: 5315: 5311: 5310: 5308: 5307: 5305:Durupınar site 5302: 5300:Ararat anomaly 5297: 5292: 5287: 5286: 5285: 5275: 5268: 5263: 5258: 5252: 5250: 5246: 5245: 5243: 5242: 5237: 5232: 5227: 5222: 5217: 5212: 5207: 5202: 5197: 5192: 5187: 5181: 5179: 5178:Other cultures 5175: 5174: 5171: 5170: 5168: 5167: 5159: 5151: 5143: 5139:Noah's Brother 5135: 5127: 5119: 5111: 5102: 5100: 5096: 5095: 5093: 5092: 5086: 5078: 5069: 5067: 5063: 5062: 5060: 5059: 5052: 5045: 5038: 5031: 5024: 5016: 5014: 5010: 5009: 5007: 5006: 4998: 4990: 4989:(17th century) 4982: 4973: 4971: 4967: 4966: 4964: 4963: 4955: 4947: 4939: 4931: 4922: 4920: 4916: 4915: 4913: 4912: 4911:(1970 musical) 4904: 4895: 4893: 4889: 4888: 4886: 4885: 4877: 4869: 4861: 4853: 4845: 4837: 4829: 4821: 4813: 4805: 4797: 4789: 4781: 4773: 4765: 4757: 4749: 4740: 4738: 4734: 4733: 4731: 4730: 4722: 4713: 4705: 4697: 4691: 4682: 4680: 4673: 4669: 4668: 4665: 4664: 4662: 4661: 4656: 4651: 4646: 4641: 4635: 4633: 4629: 4628: 4626: 4625: 4620: 4615: 4610: 4605: 4599: 4597: 4593: 4592: 4590: 4589: 4579: 4577: 4570: 4566: 4565: 4558: 4557: 4550: 4543: 4535: 4528: 4527: 4521: 4504: 4498: 4481: 4475: 4460: 4449: 4443: 4428: 4422: 4407: 4401: 4386: 4380: 4359: 4344: 4338: 4323: 4317: 4302: 4296: 4288:The Flood Myth 4279: 4274:978-0814650400 4273: 4257: 4255: 4252: 4250: 4249: 4243: 4228: 4222: 4207: 4201: 4186: 4180: 4165: 4155: 4136: 4130: 4117: 4111: 4096: 4090: 4075: 4069: 4063:. Bloomsbury. 4054: 4034: 4028: 4013: 4007: 3992: 3978: 3963: 3957: 3942: 3936: 3921: 3915: 3900: 3894: 3879: 3868: 3848: 3828: 3822: 3816:. Bloomsbury. 3807: 3801: 3784: 3778: 3763: 3758: 3745: 3739: 3724: 3718: 3701: 3695: 3689:. Bloomsbury. 3680: 3675:978-0300076486 3674: 3656: 3650: 3635: 3629: 3614: 3609: 3593: 3587: 3572: 3566: 3551: 3545: 3530: 3524: 3509: 3503: 3485: 3479: 3457: 3451: 3436: 3431:978-0495391050 3430: 3415: 3410:978-0300152647 3409: 3394: 3388: 3373: 3367: 3351: 3349: 3346: 3343: 3342: 3340:, p. 276. 3330: 3328: 3327: 3318: 3300: 3298: 3297: 3290: 3283: 3276: 3254: 3239: 3219: 3212: 3186: 3164: 3153:on 7 June 2011 3126: 3119: 3093: 3086: 3068: 3061: 3041: 3034: 3013: 3006: 2983: 2976: 2949: 2942: 2936:. p. 46. 2920: 2918:, p. 123. 2908: 2906:, p. 173. 2896: 2884: 2872: 2857: 2840: 2817: 2798:(3): 370–382. 2776: 2749:(1): 205–221. 2730: 2704: 2683:978-0718708641 2682: 2659: 2655:Dalrymple 1991 2647: 2622: 2595: 2572: 2512: 2482: 2472: 2462: 2449: 2419: 2410: 2398: 2383: 2371: 2353: 2333: 2327:978-1879628397 2326: 2308: 2296: 2273: 2252: 2224: 2207: 2190: 2176: 2145: 2120: 2106:978-0785245292 2105: 2087: 2073:978-0896938472 2072: 2051: 2021: 1989: 1971: 1959: 1957:, p. 133. 1944: 1942:, p. 184. 1932: 1920: 1904: 1902:, p. 3-4. 1892: 1880: 1868: 1841:(3): 507–514. 1821: 1814: 1794: 1790:VanderKam 2002 1782: 1778:Guillaume 2010 1770: 1766:Guillaume 2010 1758: 1746: 1742:Guillaume 2010 1734: 1722: 1710: 1698: 1686: 1674: 1662: 1650: 1634: 1622: 1610: 1598: 1580: 1568: 1553: 1536: 1519: 1517: 1516: 1491: 1465: 1461:10.1086/676345 1455:(4): 828–829. 1435: 1409: 1379: 1346: 1331: 1316: 1314:, p. 147. 1301: 1286: 1271: 1259: 1257:, p. 469. 1246: 1245: 1243: 1240: 1238: 1235: 1232: 1231: 1217: 1216: 1214: 1211: 1210: 1209: 1204: 1202:Noach (parsha) 1199: 1194: 1189: 1184: 1178: 1177: 1163: 1149: 1146:Judaism portal 1135: 1119: 1116: 1092:Justus Lipsius 1073:Tower of Babel 1056: 1053: 1023:Ronald Numbers 1011:Ellen G. White 914: 911: 891:Altai Republic 834:founder effect 825: 822: 807: 804: 755: 752: 718: 715: 644: 641: 624: 621: 619: 616: 578: 575: 508: 505: 463:Main article: 460: 457: 454: 453: 450: 448: 444: 443: 441: 438: 434: 433: 428: 426: 422: 421: 419: 416: 412: 411: 406: 404: 400: 399: 397: 394: 390: 389: 386: 384: 380: 379: 377: 374: 370: 369: 366: 364: 360: 359: 357: 354: 350: 349: 346: 344: 340: 339: 337: 334: 330: 329: 326: 324: 320: 319: 317: 314: 310: 309: 306: 304: 300: 299: 297: 294: 290: 289: 285: 281: 270: 267: 190: 187: 147: 144: 122:. A branch of 78:creation state 72:) is a Hebrew 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 8598: 8587: 8584: 8582: 8579: 8577: 8574: 8572: 8569: 8567: 8564: 8563: 8561: 8533: 8532: 8528: 8524: 8523: 8519: 8517: 8516: 8512: 8510: 8509: 8508:Metamorphoses 8505: 8503: 8501: 8500:The Histories 8497: 8495: 8494: 8490: 8488: 8487: 8483: 8481: 8479: 8478:The Histories 8475: 8473: 8472: 8468: 8467: 8465: 8459: 8456: 8454: 8451: 8449: 8446: 8445: 8444: 8441: 8439: 8436: 8435: 8433: 8432: 8429: 8422: 8418: 8393: 8390: 8388: 8385: 8384: 8382: 8380: 8377: 8375: 8372: 8370: 8367: 8365: 8362: 8360: 8357: 8355: 8352: 8350: 8347: 8346: 8344: 8338: 8332: 8329: 8327: 8324: 8322: 8319: 8317: 8314: 8312: 8309: 8307: 8304: 8302: 8299: 8297: 8294: 8292: 8289: 8288: 8286: 8280: 8272: 8269: 8267: 8264: 8262: 8259: 8257: 8256: 8252: 8250: 8247: 8246: 8244: 8240: 8239: 8235: 8234: 8233: 8230: 8226: 8223: 8221: 8220: 8216: 8214: 8213: 8209: 8208: 8206: 8202: 8201: 8197: 8195: 8194: 8193:Marumaru Atua 8190: 8188: 8187: 8183: 8181: 8180: 8176: 8174: 8171: 8169: 8168: 8164: 8162: 8161: 8157: 8155: 8154: 8153:Samudra Raksa 8150: 8148: 8147: 8143: 8141: 8140: 8139:Te Au o Tonga 8136: 8134: 8133: 8129: 8127: 8126: 8122: 8121: 8120: 8117: 8113: 8112: 8108: 8104: 8102: 8101: 8097: 8096: 8095: 8092: 8091: 8089: 8083: 8077: 8074: 8073: 8071: 8067: 8059: 8056: 8054: 8051: 8049: 8046: 8045: 8043: 8039: 8036: 8034: 8031: 8029: 8026: 8024: 8023: 8019: 8017: 8016: 8012: 8010: 8007: 8005: 8002: 8000: 7999:Blackfriars I 7997: 7995: 7994:Arles Rhône 3 7992: 7990: 7989: 7985: 7984: 7982: 7978: 7975: 7974: 7972: 7968: 7965: 7963: 7960: 7959: 7957: 7953: 7952: 7948: 7946: 7945: 7941: 7939: 7936: 7934: 7931: 7930: 7928: 7926: 7923: 7919: 7916: 7915: 7914: 7911: 7907: 7904: 7902: 7899: 7898: 7897: 7894: 7890: 7887: 7885: 7882: 7880: 7877: 7875: 7872: 7870: 7867: 7865: 7862: 7860: 7857: 7855: 7852: 7850: 7847: 7845: 7842: 7840: 7837: 7835: 7832: 7831: 7829: 7826: 7825: 7823: 7821: 7815: 7809: 7806: 7804: 7801: 7799: 7798:Thalassocracy 7796: 7794: 7791: 7789: 7786: 7784: 7783:Shell middens 7781: 7779: 7776: 7774: 7771: 7769: 7766: 7764: 7761: 7759: 7756: 7752: 7749: 7747: 7744: 7742: 7739: 7738: 7736: 7734: 7733:Naval warfare 7731: 7729: 7726: 7724: 7721: 7719: 7716: 7712: 7709: 7708: 7707: 7704: 7702: 7699: 7697: 7694: 7693: 7691: 7685: 7675: 7672: 7670: 7667: 7665: 7662: 7660: 7657: 7655: 7652: 7650: 7647: 7646: 7644: 7640: 7634: 7631: 7629: 7626: 7624: 7621: 7619: 7616: 7614: 7613:Lionel Casson 7611: 7609: 7606: 7605: 7603: 7599: 7596: 7592: 7588: 7581: 7577: 7558: 7555: 7553: 7550: 7548: 7545: 7543: 7540: 7538: 7535: 7533: 7530: 7528: 7525: 7524: 7521: 7514: 7510: 7489: 7486: 7485: 7484: 7481: 7477: 7474: 7473: 7472: 7469: 7467: 7464: 7462: 7459: 7457: 7456: 7452: 7450: 7447: 7445: 7444:Incense trade 7442: 7440: 7437: 7435: 7432: 7430: 7427: 7425: 7422: 7420: 7417: 7415: 7412: 7410: 7407: 7405: 7402: 7400: 7397: 7396: 7393: 7389: 7383: 7379: 7354: 7351: 7350: 7349: 7348:South America 7346: 7344: 7341: 7339: 7336: 7332: 7329: 7328: 7327: 7324: 7323: 7321: 7317: 7307: 7304: 7302: 7299: 7297: 7296:Sailing ships 7294: 7292: 7291:Oared vessels 7289: 7287: 7284: 7282: 7279: 7277: 7274: 7273: 7270: 7264: 7261: 7259: 7256: 7254: 7251: 7249: 7246: 7244: 7241: 7239: 7236: 7234: 7231: 7229: 7226: 7224: 7221: 7219: 7216: 7214: 7213:Cape Hermaeum 7211: 7209: 7206: 7204: 7201: 7199: 7196: 7194: 7191: 7189: 7186: 7184: 7181: 7179: 7176: 7174: 7171: 7169: 7166: 7164: 7161: 7159: 7156: 7154: 7151: 7149: 7146: 7144: 7141: 7139: 7135: 7132: 7131: 7129: 7127: 7123: 7117: 7114: 7112: 7109: 7107: 7104: 7102: 7099: 7098: 7096: 7094: 7090: 7087: 7083: 7077: 7074: 7072: 7069: 7067: 7064: 7060: 7057: 7055: 7052: 7051: 7050: 7047: 7045: 7042: 7040: 7037: 7035: 7032: 7031: 7029: 7027: 7024:Migration and 7021: 7015: 7012: 7010: 7007: 7005: 7002: 7000: 6997: 6993: 6990: 6988: 6985: 6984: 6983: 6980: 6978: 6975: 6973: 6970: 6968: 6965: 6963: 6960: 6958: 6955: 6953: 6950: 6948: 6945: 6941: 6938: 6936: 6933: 6931: 6928: 6927: 6926: 6923: 6921: 6918: 6916: 6913: 6909: 6906: 6904: 6901: 6899: 6896: 6894: 6891: 6889: 6886: 6884: 6881: 6879: 6876: 6874: 6871: 6869: 6866: 6864: 6861: 6859: 6856: 6854: 6851: 6849: 6846: 6845: 6844: 6841: 6837: 6834: 6833: 6832: 6831:Ancient Egypt 6829: 6828: 6826: 6824:Civilizations 6822: 6816: 6813: 6809: 6806: 6804: 6801: 6800: 6799: 6796: 6794: 6791: 6789: 6786: 6785: 6783: 6779: 6775: 6771: 6766: 6762: 6739: 6736: 6734: 6731: 6729: 6726: 6724: 6721: 6719: 6716: 6714: 6711: 6709: 6706: 6704: 6701: 6699: 6696: 6694: 6691: 6689: 6686: 6684: 6681: 6679: 6676: 6674: 6671: 6669: 6666: 6664: 6661: 6659: 6656: 6654: 6651: 6649: 6646: 6644: 6641: 6638: 6634: 6631: 6629: 6626: 6624: 6621: 6619: 6616: 6614: 6611: 6609: 6606: 6604: 6601: 6599: 6596: 6594: 6591: 6589: 6586: 6584: 6581: 6578: 6575: 6573: 6570: 6568: 6565: 6563: 6560: 6557: 6554: 6552: 6549: 6547: 6544: 6542: 6539: 6537: 6534: 6532: 6529: 6527: 6524: 6522: 6519: 6517: 6514: 6512: 6509: 6507: 6504: 6502: 6499: 6496: 6493: 6491: 6488: 6486: 6483: 6481: 6478: 6477: 6475: 6470: 6466: 6458: 6455: 6453: 6450: 6448: 6445: 6444: 6442: 6438: 6435: 6433: 6430: 6429: 6428: 6425: 6423: 6420: 6416: 6413: 6412: 6411: 6408: 6406: 6403: 6401: 6398: 6396: 6393: 6391: 6388: 6387: 6385: 6383: 6379: 6375: 6368: 6364: 6341: 6338: 6336: 6333: 6331: 6328: 6326: 6323: 6321: 6318: 6316: 6313: 6311: 6308: 6307: 6305: 6301: 6295: 6292: 6290: 6287: 6285: 6282: 6280: 6277: 6273: 6270: 6268: 6265: 6263: 6260: 6258: 6255: 6254: 6253: 6250: 6248: 6245: 6244: 6242: 6240: 6236: 6228: 6225: 6224: 6222: 6220: 6217: 6215: 6212: 6210: 6207: 6205: 6202: 6200: 6199:Clinker built 6197: 6195: 6192: 6190: 6187: 6185: 6184:Boat building 6182: 6181: 6179: 6177: 6173: 6167: 6164: 6162: 6159: 6157: 6154: 6152: 6149: 6145: 6142: 6141: 6140: 6137: 6135: 6132: 6130: 6127: 6125: 6122: 6120: 6117: 6115: 6112: 6110: 6107: 6105: 6102: 6098: 6095: 6094: 6093: 6090: 6088: 6085: 6083: 6080: 6078: 6075: 6073: 6070: 6068: 6065: 6064: 6062: 6058: 6052: 6049: 6047: 6044: 6042: 6039: 6037: 6034: 6033: 6031: 6027: 6021: 6018: 6016: 6013: 6011: 6008: 6006: 6003: 5999: 5996: 5994: 5991: 5989: 5986: 5984: 5981: 5979: 5976: 5974: 5971: 5969: 5966: 5965: 5963: 5959: 5956: 5954: 5951: 5949: 5946: 5945: 5944: 5941: 5939: 5936: 5934: 5933:Navis lusoria 5931: 5929: 5926: 5924: 5921: 5919: 5916: 5914: 5911: 5907: 5904: 5903: 5902: 5899: 5897: 5894: 5892: 5889: 5887: 5884: 5882: 5879: 5877: 5874: 5872: 5869: 5868: 5866: 5864: 5860: 5856: 5852: 5847: 5843: 5839: 5832: 5827: 5825: 5820: 5818: 5813: 5812: 5809: 5797: 5794: 5793: 5791: 5787: 5781: 5778: 5776: 5773: 5771: 5768: 5767: 5765: 5761: 5755: 5752: 5750: 5749: 5745: 5743: 5740: 5738: 5735: 5733: 5730: 5729: 5727: 5723: 5717: 5714: 5712: 5709: 5707: 5704: 5703: 5701: 5697: 5691:(47:28–50:26) 5690: 5687: 5685:(44:18–47:27) 5684: 5681: 5678: 5675: 5672: 5669: 5666: 5663: 5660: 5657: 5654: 5651: 5648: 5645: 5642: 5639: 5636: 5633: 5630: 5627: 5624: 5621: 5620: 5618: 5616: 5612: 5606: 5603: 5601: 5598: 5596: 5593: 5591: 5588: 5584: 5581: 5580: 5579: 5576: 5575: 5573: 5569: 5562: 5559: 5556: 5552: 5549: 5546: 5543: 5540: 5537: 5534: 5530: 5527: 5524: 5521: 5518: 5515: 5512: 5509: 5506: 5503: 5500: 5497: 5495: 5492: 5489: 5486: 5485: 5483: 5480: 5476: 5469: 5466: 5463: 5460: 5457: 5454: 5450: 5447: 5445: 5442: 5441: 5439: 5436: 5433: 5430: 5427: 5426:Cain and Abel 5424: 5420: 5417: 5416: 5414: 5411: 5407: 5404: 5403: 5401: 5398: 5397: 5395: 5392: 5388: 5381: 5380: 5376: 5375: 5369: 5364: 5362: 5357: 5355: 5350: 5349: 5346: 5334: 5331: 5329: 5328: 5324: 5322: 5319: 5318: 5316: 5312: 5306: 5303: 5301: 5298: 5296: 5293: 5291: 5288: 5284: 5281: 5280: 5279: 5276: 5274: 5273: 5269: 5267: 5264: 5262: 5261:Flood geology 5259: 5257: 5254: 5253: 5251: 5247: 5241: 5238: 5236: 5233: 5231: 5230:Noah in Islam 5228: 5226: 5223: 5221: 5218: 5216: 5213: 5211: 5208: 5206: 5203: 5201: 5198: 5196: 5193: 5191: 5190:Eridu Genesis 5188: 5186: 5183: 5182: 5180: 5176: 5165: 5164: 5160: 5157: 5156: 5152: 5149: 5148: 5144: 5141: 5140: 5136: 5133: 5132: 5128: 5125: 5124: 5120: 5117: 5116: 5112: 5109: 5108: 5104: 5103: 5101: 5097: 5090: 5087: 5084: 5083: 5079: 5076: 5075: 5071: 5070: 5068: 5064: 5057: 5053: 5050: 5046: 5043: 5039: 5036: 5032: 5029: 5025: 5023: 5022: 5018: 5017: 5015: 5011: 5004: 5003: 4999: 4996: 4995: 4991: 4988: 4987: 4983: 4980: 4979: 4975: 4974: 4972: 4968: 4961: 4960: 4956: 4953: 4952: 4951:Noye's Fludde 4948: 4945: 4944: 4940: 4937: 4936: 4932: 4929: 4928: 4924: 4923: 4921: 4917: 4910: 4909: 4905: 4902: 4901: 4897: 4896: 4894: 4890: 4883: 4882: 4878: 4875: 4874: 4870: 4867: 4866: 4862: 4859: 4858: 4854: 4851: 4850: 4846: 4843: 4842: 4841:Evan Almighty 4838: 4835: 4834: 4830: 4827: 4826: 4822: 4819: 4818: 4817:Fantasia 2000 4814: 4811: 4810: 4806: 4803: 4802: 4798: 4795: 4794: 4790: 4787: 4786: 4782: 4779: 4778: 4774: 4771: 4770: 4766: 4763: 4762: 4758: 4755: 4754: 4750: 4747: 4746: 4742: 4741: 4739: 4735: 4728: 4727: 4723: 4720: 4718: 4714: 4711: 4710: 4706: 4703: 4702: 4701:Noah's Island 4698: 4695: 4692: 4689: 4688: 4684: 4683: 4681: 4677: 4674: 4670: 4660: 4657: 4655: 4652: 4650: 4647: 4645: 4642: 4640: 4637: 4636: 4634: 4630: 4624: 4621: 4619: 4616: 4614: 4611: 4609: 4606: 4604: 4601: 4600: 4598: 4594: 4588: 4584: 4581: 4580: 4578: 4574: 4571: 4567: 4563: 4556: 4551: 4549: 4544: 4542: 4537: 4536: 4533: 4524: 4522:9780198755005 4518: 4514: 4510: 4505: 4501: 4499:9780802837110 4495: 4491: 4487: 4482: 4478: 4476:9780664252564 4472: 4468: 4467: 4461: 4457: 4456: 4450: 4446: 4444:9780567083388 4440: 4436: 4435: 4429: 4425: 4423:9781441242785 4419: 4415: 4414: 4408: 4404: 4402:9780802827050 4398: 4394: 4393: 4387: 4383: 4381:9780195297515 4377: 4372: 4371: 4365: 4360: 4356: 4351: 4345: 4341: 4339:9780809142057 4335: 4331: 4330: 4324: 4320: 4318:9780802825216 4314: 4310: 4309: 4303: 4299: 4297:9780520063532 4293: 4289: 4285: 4280: 4276: 4270: 4266: 4265: 4259: 4258: 4246: 4244:9780830878888 4240: 4237:. Routledge. 4236: 4235: 4229: 4225: 4219: 4215: 4214: 4208: 4204: 4202:9781134709632 4198: 4195:. Routledge. 4194: 4193: 4187: 4183: 4177: 4173: 4172: 4166: 4162: 4158: 4152: 4148: 4147: 4142: 4137: 4133: 4127: 4123: 4118: 4114: 4112:9783161539978 4108: 4104: 4103: 4097: 4093: 4091:9780830878888 4087: 4083: 4082: 4076: 4072: 4070:9780567656117 4066: 4062: 4061: 4055: 4044: 4040: 4035: 4031: 4029:9781589834781 4025: 4021: 4020: 4014: 4010: 4008:9780393082395 4004: 4000: 3999: 3993: 3989: 3985: 3981: 3979:9780062548450 3975: 3971: 3970: 3964: 3960: 3958:9781598841749 3954: 3950: 3949: 3943: 3939: 3937:0-415-12735-1 3933: 3929: 3928: 3922: 3918: 3916:9781625640925 3912: 3908: 3907: 3901: 3897: 3891: 3887: 3886: 3880: 3876: 3875: 3869: 3858: 3854: 3849: 3838: 3834: 3829: 3825: 3819: 3815: 3814: 3808: 3804: 3802:9781575060033 3798: 3794: 3790: 3785: 3781: 3779:9781444757071 3775: 3771: 3770: 3764: 3761: 3759:0-8047-2331-1 3755: 3751: 3746: 3742: 3736: 3732: 3731: 3725: 3721: 3719:9781351720700 3715: 3712:. Routledge. 3711: 3707: 3702: 3698: 3696:9780567401205 3692: 3688: 3687: 3681: 3677: 3671: 3667: 3666: 3661: 3657: 3653: 3651:9781426212246 3647: 3643: 3642: 3636: 3632: 3630:9780199676200 3626: 3622: 3621: 3615: 3612: 3610:0-300-02460-6 3606: 3602: 3598: 3597:Browne, Janet 3594: 3590: 3584: 3580: 3579: 3573: 3569: 3563: 3559: 3558: 3552: 3548: 3546:9781467460460 3542: 3538: 3537: 3531: 3527: 3525:9781441232779 3521: 3517: 3516: 3510: 3506: 3504:9780567372871 3500: 3496: 3495: 3490: 3486: 3482: 3476: 3472: 3468: 3467: 3462: 3458: 3454: 3448: 3444: 3443: 3437: 3433: 3427: 3423: 3422: 3416: 3412: 3406: 3402: 3401: 3395: 3391: 3389:9780521000673 3385: 3381: 3380: 3374: 3370: 3368:9780393070248 3364: 3360: 3359: 3353: 3352: 3339: 3334: 3325: 3324: 3321: 3319:0-471-93808-4 3315: 3311: 3304: 3295: 3291: 3288: 3284: 3281: 3277: 3274: 3270: 3269: 3268: 3264: 3258: 3250: 3246: 3242: 3240:0-674-02339-0 3236: 3232: 3231: 3223: 3215: 3209: 3205: 3200: 3199: 3190: 3175: 3168: 3152: 3148: 3144: 3140: 3136: 3130: 3122: 3116: 3112: 3107: 3106: 3097: 3089: 3083: 3079: 3072: 3064: 3058: 3054: 3053: 3045: 3037: 3031: 3027: 3023: 3017: 3009: 3003: 2999: 2998: 2993: 2987: 2979: 2973: 2969: 2965: 2964: 2959: 2953: 2945: 2939: 2935: 2931: 2924: 2917: 2912: 2905: 2900: 2893: 2888: 2881: 2876: 2870:, p. 79. 2869: 2864: 2862: 2854: 2850: 2844: 2836: 2832: 2828: 2821: 2813: 2809: 2805: 2801: 2797: 2793: 2792: 2787: 2780: 2772: 2768: 2764: 2760: 2756: 2752: 2748: 2744: 2740: 2734: 2718: 2714: 2708: 2689: 2685: 2679: 2672: 2671: 2663: 2656: 2651: 2635: 2634: 2626: 2610: 2606: 2599: 2591: 2587: 2583: 2576: 2568: 2564: 2559: 2554: 2549: 2544: 2540: 2536: 2532: 2528: 2524: 2516: 2500: 2496: 2494: 2486: 2476: 2466: 2459: 2453: 2437: 2433: 2431: 2423: 2417:Lamb, p. 128. 2414: 2408:, p. 128 2407: 2402: 2396: 2390: 2388: 2381: 2375: 2368: 2365: 2364: 2357: 2351: 2350:0-922152-76-4 2347: 2343: 2337: 2329: 2323: 2319: 2312: 2306: 2300: 2292: 2288: 2284: 2277: 2269: 2263: 2255: 2249: 2245: 2241: 2237: 2236: 2228: 2220: 2219: 2211: 2203: 2202: 2194: 2179: 2177:9781590306314 2173: 2169: 2165: 2164: 2159: 2155: 2149: 2134: 2130: 2124: 2116: 2112: 2108: 2102: 2098: 2091: 2083: 2079: 2075: 2069: 2065: 2058: 2056: 2039: 2035: 2031: 2025: 2010: 2006: 2000: 1998: 1996: 1994: 1986: 1985: 1982: 1975: 1968: 1963: 1956: 1951: 1949: 1941: 1936: 1929: 1928:Levenson 1988 1924: 1917: 1913: 1908: 1901: 1896: 1889: 1884: 1877: 1872: 1864: 1860: 1856: 1852: 1848: 1844: 1840: 1836: 1832: 1825: 1817: 1815:9780809145522 1811: 1807: 1806: 1798: 1791: 1786: 1779: 1774: 1767: 1762: 1756:, p. 26. 1755: 1750: 1744:, p. 74. 1743: 1738: 1731: 1726: 1719: 1714: 1707: 1702: 1696:, p. 88. 1695: 1690: 1683: 1678: 1672:, p. 23. 1671: 1666: 1660:, p. 41. 1659: 1654: 1647: 1643: 1638: 1631: 1626: 1620:, p. 74. 1619: 1614: 1607: 1602: 1594: 1590: 1584: 1577: 1572: 1565: 1560: 1558: 1550: 1545: 1543: 1541: 1533: 1528: 1526: 1524: 1506: 1505: 1500: 1496: 1492: 1481: 1480: 1479:The Spectator 1475: 1473: 1466: 1462: 1458: 1454: 1450: 1449: 1444: 1440: 1436: 1425:. 28 May 2012 1424: 1423: 1418: 1416: 1410: 1406: 1402: 1398: 1394: 1393: 1388: 1384: 1380: 1369: 1368: 1363: 1361: 1354: 1353: 1350: 1344:, p. 97. 1343: 1338: 1336: 1329:, p. 20. 1328: 1323: 1321: 1313: 1308: 1306: 1298: 1293: 1291: 1284:, p. 12. 1283: 1278: 1276: 1269:, p. 61. 1268: 1267:Bandstra 2008 1263: 1256: 1251: 1247: 1229:, p. 91 1228: 1222: 1218: 1208: 1207:Panbabylonism 1205: 1203: 1200: 1198: 1195: 1193: 1190: 1188: 1185: 1183: 1180: 1179: 1175: 1164: 1161: 1155: 1150: 1147: 1136: 1133: 1122: 1115: 1113: 1108: 1105: 1101: 1097: 1093: 1089: 1084: 1082: 1078: 1077:Thomas Browne 1074: 1070: 1066: 1062: 1052: 1049: 1048:catastrophism 1045: 1041: 1040:Charles Lyell 1036: 1034: 1033: 1028: 1024: 1020: 1016: 1012: 1008: 1005: 1000: 998: 993: 992:pseudoscience 989: 988:Flood geology 985: 983: 979: 975: 974: 969: 965: 961: 956: 954: 950: 949:Louis Agassiz 946: 945:Adam Sedgwick 942: 938: 934: 928: 924: 920: 919:Flood geology 913:Flood geology 910: 907: 903: 899: 894: 892: 888: 884: 880: 875: 873: 869: 864: 862: 858: 857:Tsangpo Gorge 853: 851: 847: 842: 840: 835: 831: 821: 819: 818: 814:in the surah 813: 803: 801: 797: 793: 789: 785: 781: 777: 773: 769: 766:and his wife 765: 760: 751: 749: 745: 741: 736: 732: 728: 724: 714: 712: 709:to Christian 708: 704: 700: 696: 692: 688: 684: 680: 676: 672: 671:Luke 17:26–27 668: 664: 658: 654: 650: 640: 637: 632: 630: 615: 613: 609: 604: 599: 597: 592: 587: 585: 574: 572: 568: 564: 560: 556: 552: 548: 543: 539: 535: 531: 527: 522: 518: 513: 504: 501: 499: 495: 491: 487: 483: 480: 476: 472: 466: 451: 449: 446: 445: 442: 439: 436: 435: 429: 427: 424: 423: 420: 417: 414: 413: 407: 405: 402: 401: 398: 395: 392: 391: 387: 385: 382: 381: 378: 375: 372: 371: 367: 365: 362: 361: 358: 355: 352: 351: 347: 345: 342: 341: 338: 335: 332: 331: 327: 325: 322: 321: 318: 315: 312: 311: 307: 305: 302: 301: 298: 295: 292: 291: 286: 282: 278: 277: 274: 266: 264: 259: 255: 250: 246: 242: 238: 234: 230: 226: 221: 219: 210: 199: 195: 186: 184: 180: 176: 172: 168: 160: 156: 152: 143: 141: 137: 133: 129: 128:flood geology 125: 121: 117: 113: 109: 104: 102: 98: 94: 89: 87: 83: 79: 75: 71: 67: 60: 56: 45: 41: 37: 33: 19: 8529: 8520: 8513: 8506: 8499: 8491: 8486:On the Ocean 8484: 8477: 8469: 8466:Literature: 8447: 8254: 8236: 8217: 8210: 8200:Aotearoa One 8198: 8191: 8184: 8177: 8165: 8158: 8151: 8144: 8137: 8130: 8123: 8110: 8106: 8098: 8085:Experimental 8053:Museum ships 8020: 8013: 7986: 7958:Phoenician: 7949: 7944:Leontophoros 7942: 7906:Butuan boats 7901:Pontian boat 7839:Dufuna canoe 7778:Shipbuilding 7689:and theories 7659:Boris Rankov 7453: 7386:Economy and 7286:Incendiaries 7133: 6920:Indus Valley 6888:Tarumanagara 6815:Ubaid period 6733:Wadi al-Jarf 6648:Ostia Antica 6252:Fore-and-aft 6219:Shipbuilding 6194:Carvel built 6176:Construction 6134:Steering oar 6015:Sailing ship 5938:Obelisk ship 5896:Dugout canoe 5746: 5679:(41:1–44:17) 5673:(37:1–40:23) 5667:(32:4–36:43) 5661:(28:10–32:3) 5655:(25:19–28:9) 5649:(23:1–25:18) 5647:Chayei Sarah 5643:(18:1–22:24) 5637:(12:1–17:27) 5456:Curse of Ham 5437: 5406:Adam and Eve 5377: 5325: 5283:Mount Ararat 5270: 5161: 5153: 5145: 5137: 5129: 5121: 5113: 5105: 5088: 5080: 5072: 5021:Die Sintflut 5019: 5000: 4992: 4984: 4976: 4957: 4949: 4941: 4933: 4925: 4906: 4898: 4879: 4871: 4863: 4855: 4847: 4839: 4831: 4823: 4815: 4807: 4799: 4791: 4783: 4775: 4767: 4759: 4751: 4743: 4724: 4719:: Noah's Ark 4715: 4707: 4699: 4694:"Noah's Ark" 4685: 4639:Book of Noah 4582: 4512: 4492:. Eerdmans. 4489: 4465: 4454: 4434:Genesis 1–11 4433: 4412: 4395:. Eerdmans. 4391: 4369: 4357:. B. Herder. 4354: 4328: 4311:. Eerdmans. 4307: 4287: 4263: 4233: 4212: 4191: 4170: 4161:the original 4145: 4121: 4101: 4080: 4059: 4046:. Retrieved 4018: 3997: 3968: 3947: 3926: 3905: 3884: 3873: 3860:. Retrieved 3840:. Retrieved 3812: 3792: 3768: 3749: 3729: 3709: 3685: 3664: 3660:Cohn, Norman 3640: 3619: 3600: 3577: 3557:Genesis 1-11 3556: 3539:. Eerdmans. 3535: 3514: 3493: 3465: 3441: 3420: 3399: 3378: 3357: 3348:Bibliography 3333: 3309: 3303: 3293: 3286: 3279: 3272: 3257: 3229: 3222: 3197: 3189: 3177:. Retrieved 3167: 3155:. Retrieved 3151:the original 3146: 3142: 3129: 3104: 3096: 3077: 3071: 3051: 3044: 3025: 3016: 2996: 2986: 2962: 2952: 2929: 2923: 2916:Stewart 2010 2911: 2899: 2887: 2875: 2848: 2843: 2830: 2820: 2795: 2789: 2779: 2746: 2742: 2733: 2721:. Retrieved 2707: 2695:. Retrieved 2688:the original 2669: 2662: 2650: 2638:. Retrieved 2632: 2625: 2613:. 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Retrieved 1365: 1359: 1349: 1299:, p. 3. 1297:Gmirkin 2006 1262: 1255:Leeming 2010 1250: 1221: 1174:Islam portal 1132:Bible portal 1109: 1104:biogeography 1085: 1081:rattlesnakes 1069:Mount Ararat 1058: 1037: 1030: 1001: 986: 971: 957: 940: 930: 927:Antediluvian 895: 876: 865: 854: 843: 827: 815: 809: 787: 779: 775: 757: 744:great spirit 720: 687:Hebrews 11:7 675:1 Peter 3:20 660: 643:Christianity 633: 626: 600: 590: 588: 580: 554: 544: 540: 536: 532: 528: 525: 502: 468: 272: 233:Genesis 7:17 222: 214: 209:James Tissot 200:(watercolor 197: 164: 159:Gustave Doré 154: 116:paleontology 105: 90: 65: 63: 55:Léon Comerre 43: 36: 8576:Flood myths 8493:Argonautica 8480:(Herodotus) 8443:Flood myths 8340:Museums and 8284:conferences 8249:Vital Alsar 8087:archaeology 7896:Austronesia 7889:Hjortspring 7884:Rochelongue 7834:Pesse canoe 7788:Ship burial 7773:Sea Peoples 7706:Lighthouses 7701:Grave goods 7649:George Bass 7429:Spice trade 7026:exploration 6848:Philippines 6843:Austronesia 6836:Old Kingdom 6713:Trincomalee 6663:Prosphorion 6608:Myos Hormos 6452:Micronesian 6443:By region: 6415:Lighthouses 6223:By region: 5988:Quinquereme 5913:Kunlun ship 5906:Penteconter 5891:Dragon boat 5763:Manuscripts 5631:(6:9–11:32) 5444:Sons of God 5440:(6:1–9:28) 5413:Fall of man 5327:Boner's Ark 5147:Many Waters 5028:The Unicorn 4981:(1436-1440) 4903:(1954 play) 4785:Angel's Egg 4717:VeggieTales 4654:Noah's wine 4649:Gopher wood 3338:Browne 1983 3157:23 November 2892:Morton 2001 2636:. J. Murray 2293:(1): 24–37. 2218:Ginza Rabba 2201:Ginza Rabba 1967:Keiser 2013 1955:Keiser 2013 1914:, pp. 1912:Bodner 2016 1900:Schule 2017 1888:Schule 2017 1876:Schule 2017 1730:Burton 2019 1706:Dalley 2008 1694:Finkel 2014 1658:Bridge 2009 1630:Berman 2017 1485:31 December 1429:31 December 1373:31 December 1342:Arnold 2009 1282:Oliver 2017 1019:young Earth 960:Lord Kelvin 887:Katun River 872:Uruk period 824:Historicity 683:2 Peter 3:6 679:2 Peter 2:5 498:Utnapishtim 488:epics, the 473:during the 471:Mesopotamia 189:Composition 136:local flood 124:creationism 51: 1911 8560:Categories 8502:(Polybius) 8146:Hawaiʻiloa 8028:Nemi ships 7913:Black Sea‎ 7859:Khufu ship 7820:and relics 7718:Marine art 7711:Alexandria 7618:Fik Meijer 7601:Historians 7488:Indo-Roman 7301:Greek navy 7203:Salamis II 7193:Hellespont 7153:Artemisium 7143:Nile Delta 7106:Achaemenid 6999:Achaemenid 6868:Langkasuka 6863:Micronesia 6781:Prehistory 6708:Sounagoura 6536:Chittagong 6511:Barbarikon 6490:Alexandria 6432:Pilot boat 6382:Navigation 6214:Sewn-plank 6209:Lashed-lug 6087:Figurehead 6060:Components 6029:Propulsion 5983:Quadrireme 5964:Polyremes 5943:Outriggers 5665:Vayishlach 5635:Lech-Lecha 5547:(32:22–32) 5449:Noah's Ark 5290:Mount Judi 5185:Flood myth 5155:Noah's Ark 5123:Noah's Ark 5099:Literature 5089:Noah's Ark 5074:Noah's Ark 4986:Noah's Ark 4908:Two by Two 4873:Noah's Ark 4833:Noah's Ark 4745:Noah's Ark 4709:Noah's Ark 4679:Television 4596:Characters 4562:Noah's Ark 4048:2 November 4001:. Norton. 3862:2 November 3179:12 January 2932:. London: 2904:Isaak 2007 2880:Isaak 2006 2868:Young 1995 2723:10 January 2505:14 October 2442:14 October 2183:7 February 1940:Baden 2012 1754:Miano 2010 1670:Habel 1988 1564:Isaak 2007 1327:Cline 2007 1237:References 953:glaciation 796:Matthew 24 768:Sharhabeil 717:Gnosticism 647:See also: 565:, perhaps 465:Flood myth 373:7:16b–17a 155:The Deluge 112:archeology 86:Noah's ark 80:of watery 74:flood myth 8515:Geography 8453:Gilgamesh 8342:memorials 8266:Viracocha 8179:Faʻafaite 8132:Sarimanok 8038:Yassi Ada 7951:Syracusia 7874:Canaanite 7849:Moor Sand 7319:By region 7281:Grappling 7253:Naulochus 7243:Myonessus 7198:Echinades 7183:Arginusae 7178:Cynossema 7163:Naupactus 7158:Eurymedon 6992:Classical 6967:Phoenicia 6962:Mycenaean 6925:Tamilakam 6908:Polynesia 6898:Srivijaya 6693:Satingpra 6653:Palembang 6637:Cattigara 6579:(Kadaram) 6562:Jambukola 6556:Guangzhou 6497:(Podouke) 6495:Arikamedu 6457:Polynesia 6390:Celestial 6303:Armaments 6289:Spritsail 6247:Crab claw 6189:Careening 6156:Sternpost 6010:Reed boat 5953:Catamaran 5928:Multihull 5625:(1:1–6:8) 5513:(19:1–28) 5501:(14:1–17) 5458:(9:20–27) 5225:Bergelmir 4970:Paintings 4959:The Flood 4935:Le Déluge 4509:"Genesis" 4486:"Genesis" 3988:568745811 3518:. Baker. 2771:130092094 2640:3 January 2406:Lamb 1995 2262:cite book 2168:Shambhala 2115:947797222 1855:0003-0279 1682:Chen 2013 1606:Cohn 1999 1549:Cohn 1999 1510:2 January 1242:Citations 1061:New World 973:Lux Mundi 968:deep time 759:Mandaeism 754:Mandaeism 603:Genesis 1 571:Gilgamesh 567:Atrahasis 490:Atrahasis 403:7:24–8:5 363:7:13–16a 263:Gilgamesh 126:known as 8531:Tākitimu 8434:Legend: 8392:Roskilde 8271:Tangaroa 8212:Olympias 8186:Gaualofa 8125:Hōkūleʻa 8100:Kon-Tiki 7933:Ashkelon 7869:Uluburun 7828:Earliest 7594:Scholars 7476:shipping 7276:Boarding 7188:Mytilene 7173:Syracuse 7138:Alashiya 7101:Egyptian 7085:Military 7076:Timeline 7054:Sardinia 6977:Carthage 6893:Kalingga 6853:Sa Huỳnh 6788:Timeline 6738:Zanzibar 6688:Sarapion 6683:Rhacotis 6613:Martaban 6558:(Canton) 6551:Godavaya 6546:Giao Chỉ 6516:Barygaza 6506:Avalites 6427:Piloting 6315:Catapult 6310:Ballista 6284:Mast-aft 6097:Planking 6036:Paddling 5993:Hexareme 5958:Trimaran 5923:Longship 5871:Balangay 5725:Analysis 5706:Priestly 5683:Vayigash 5671:Vayeshev 5623:Bereshit 5553:and the 5533:his sons 5470:(11:1–9) 5058:" (2002) 5051:" (1980) 5044:" (1975) 5037:" (1970) 5030:" (1968) 4569:Theology 4060:Creation 3842:29 March 3662:(1999). 3599:(1983), 3491:(2011). 3463:(2017). 3296:." p. 71 3249:69734583 3137:(1950). 3024:(2008). 2994:(1988). 2835:Archived 2717:Archived 2697:8 August 2567:33362214 2527:PLOS ONE 2367:Geology, 2082:27034975 1593:BioLogos 1118:See also 798::38 and 792:Peshitta 772:Nuraitha 492:and the 479:Sumerian 437:8:20–22 425:8:13–19 393:7:22–23 383:7:18–21 287:Priestly 8471:Odyssey 8448:Genesis 8245:Others 8044:Lists: 8033:Marausa 7983:Roman: 7973:Punic: 7938:Kyrenia 7929:Greek: 7925:Marsala 7918:Sinop D 7793:Tacking 7527:History 7414:Meluhha 7404:Fishing 7399:Whaling 7306:Ramming 7228:Aegates 7223:Drepana 7218:Ecnomus 7148:Salamis 7136: 7126:Battles 7004:Nabatea 6987:Archaic 6957:Nuragic 6947:Somalia 6798:Oceania 6793:Britain 6770:History 6703:Socotra 6673:Qandala 6658:Piraeus 6628:Muziris 6598:Madurai 6593:Manthai 6531:Canopus 6501:Arsinoe 6473:harbors 6422:History 6410:Coastal 6340:Sambuca 6325:Dolphin 6239:Rigging 6051:Poling 6041:Sailing 5978:Trireme 5918:Liburna 5881:Coracle 5851:Vessels 5716:Elohist 5711:Jahwist 5699:Sources 5689:Vayechi 5659:Vayetze 5653:Toledot 5641:Vayeira 5557:(37–50) 5535:(25–50) 5519:(21–35) 5490:(12–23) 5488:Abraham 5481:(12–50) 5314:Related 5249:Science 5220:Cessair 5049:Animals 4726:The Ark 4632:Related 4618:Japheth 4585:in the 4466:Genesis 4392:Genesis 4264:Genesis 3379:Genesis 2800:Bibcode 2751:Bibcode 2615:24 July 2558:7757801 2535:Bibcode 2138:18 July 2044:18 July 2014:18 July 1648:, p.116 1504:Skeptic 978:gospels 902:Tel Dor 800:Luke 17 788:kēʾwilā 784:Mandaic 764:Shurbai 740:Eleleth 731:Archons 723:Gnostic 711:baptism 636:Gehenna 517:rainbow 447:9:1–17 415:8:6–12 333:7:7–10 303:6:9–22 269:Sources 229:Yahwist 146:Summary 108:geology 101:Yahwist 8522:Aeneid 8238:Viking 8219:Regina 7988:Alkedo 7844:Abydos 7818:Wrecks 7687:Topics 7517:Piracy 7471:Greece 7331:Odisha 7263:Actium 7258:Mycale 7093:Navies 6982:Greece 6972:Olmecs 6940:Pandya 6915:Minoan 6878:Champa 6858:Lapita 6803:Remote 6723:Tyndis 6678:Quilon 6623:Muscat 6588:Lothal 6583:Korkai 6567:Jeddah 6541:Essina 6485:Adulis 6395:Charts 6330:Harpax 6320:Corvus 6294:Square 6262:Settee 6257:Lateen 6166:Tiller 6161:Strake 6129:Rudder 6119:Paddle 6067:Anchor 6046:Towing 5968:Bireme 5901:Galley 5876:Bangka 5677:Miketz 5551:Joseph 5393:(1–11) 5240:Peluda 5166:(2004) 5158:(2002) 5150:(1986) 5142:(1985) 5134:(1984) 5126:(1977) 5118:(1969) 5110:(1948) 5091:(2002) 5085:(1994) 5077:(1992) 5005:(1891) 4997:(1851) 4962:(1962) 4954:(1958) 4946:(1885) 4938:(1875) 4930:(1830) 4876:(2024) 4868:(2015) 4860:(2014) 4852:(2012) 4844:(2007) 4836:(2007) 4828:(2003) 4820:(1999) 4812:(1998) 4804:(1994) 4796:(1988) 4788:(1985) 4780:(1984) 4772:(1983) 4764:(1966) 4756:(1933) 4748:(1928) 4729:(2015) 4721:(2015) 4712:(1999) 4704:(1997) 4696:(1992) 4690:(1967) 4576:Source 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