179:
1620:
77:
36:
258:
1608:
634:
system of writing
Japanese completely by a romanized system, which he felt would make it easier for Japan to compete with Western countries. Since the system was intended for Japanese people to use to write their own language, it is much more regular than Hepburn romanization, and unlike Hepburn's
646:
should be used by the
Japanese government. Kunrei-shiki is nearly identical to Nihon-shiki, but it merges syllable pairs di/zi ぢ/じ, du/zu づ/ず, dya/zya ぢゃ/じゃ, dyu/zyu ぢゅ/じゅ, dyo/zyo ぢょ/じょ, wi/i ゐ/い, we/e ゑ/え, kwa/ka くゎ/か, and gwa/ga ぐゎ/が, whose pronunciations in Modern Standard Japanese are now
683:
homophones listed above, it is the only formal system of romanization that can allow (almost) lossless ("round trip") mapping, but the standard does not mandate the precise spellings needed to distinguish ô 王/おう, ou 追う/おう and oo 大/おお. (See the
678:
Nihon-shiki is considered the most regular of the romanization systems for the
Japanese language because it maintains a strict "one kana, two letters" form. Because it has unique forms corresponding to each of the respective pairs of
1645:
3061:
2912:
1776:
664:
3108:
1855:
2907:
543:
141:
113:
94:
49:
120:
2534:
1650:
395:
127:
2529:
1769:
3143:
2013:
1712:
1690:
240:
222:
200:
160:
109:
63:
2414:
1745:
193:
3153:
3120:
2839:
1654:(Third Series). January 2010. Vol. 20, iss. 1. pp. 75–88. Published online on November 30, 2009. Available at
671:
system, which is intended for use instructing foreign students of
Japanese, is also based on Nihon-shiki. However,
291:
2793:
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2314:
1848:
2962:
1762:
1682:
536:
98:
2803:
2519:
55:
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2332:
2020:
2667:
2647:
2451:
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1841:
1598:
2657:
134:
3068:
3046:
2834:
1806:
1632:
685:
529:
508:
473:
3103:
3031:
2995:
2893:
2844:
2768:
2743:
2352:
1785:
458:
187:
2409:
602:. Among the major romanization systems for Japanese, it is the most regular one and has an almost
2487:
304:
265:
87:
2504:
204:
2688:
2985:
2874:
2347:
1893:
1883:
3036:
2859:
2763:
2637:
2439:
2374:
1888:
1796:
623:
465:
402:
8:
3085:
2967:
2939:
2854:
2434:
573:
2379:
407:
3115:
3056:
2977:
2864:
2798:
2683:
2396:
2138:
1822:
1655:
1581:
1553:
494:
2384:
2220:
2169:
3148:
2944:
2879:
2849:
2652:
2471:
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2362:
2300:
2275:
2210:
2084:
1922:
1912:
1903:
1864:
1708:
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1541:
619:
595:
564:
257:
16:
Romanization system for transliterating the
Japanese language into the Latin alphabet
2128:
1927:
635:
system, it makes no effort to make itself easier to pronounce for
English-speakers.
324:
3073:
3051:
2829:
2625:
2466:
2268:
2258:
2253:
2241:
2094:
2030:
1986:
1801:
1659:
668:
515:
484:
440:
2594:
2189:
2133:
1971:
642:, which was adopted in 1937, after a political debate over whether Nihon-shiki or
369:
3098:
2758:
2753:
2748:
2461:
2234:
2145:
2045:
2006:
2001:
1962:
1942:
1624:
591:
314:
299:
2227:
329:
309:
3093:
2444:
2419:
2342:
2322:
2295:
2246:
2198:
2162:
2116:
2060:
2055:
2035:
599:
1663:
626:
system of romanization. Tanakadate's intention was to replace the traditional
3137:
2884:
2630:
2609:
2327:
2179:
2123:
1991:
1981:
1957:
1947:
1937:
643:
24:
695:
2869:
2698:
2263:
2157:
2101:
2070:
2065:
1878:
1754:
1612:
639:
587:
286:
2924:
2152:
20:
2953:
2919:
2728:
2723:
2718:
2713:
2708:
2599:
1669:
Kent, Allen, Harold
Lancour, and Jay Elwood Daily (Executive Editors).
703:
698:
354:
699:
2733:
2662:
2642:
2584:
1674:
672:
603:
435:
2604:
2589:
1833:
382:
374:
76:
2898:
2579:
2574:
2569:
2496:
2337:
1619:
430:
361:
349:
3013:
673:
some
Japanese-speakers still distinguish di from zi and du from zu
2990:
2929:
2546:
1191:
704:
3008:
2541:
2509:
1585:
3003:
2551:
2514:
627:
279:
663:
in modern
Japanese, and is romanized as such in Kunrei. The
2561:
1465:
1451:
1397:
1347:
1297:
1247:
1197:
1176:
1142:
1092:
1066:
1016:
966:
916:
866:
816:
766:
709:
631:
607:
342:
1584:
are always marked by doubling the consonant following the
1671:
Encyclopedia of
Library and Information Science Volume 21
1744:
Kent, et al. "Oriental Literature and Bibliography." p.
675:
and so Nihon-shiki spelling is not entirely obsolete.
579:
556:
1596:
622:(田中館 愛橘) in 1885, with the intention to replace the
667:has standardized Kunrei-shiki, under ISO 3602. The
101:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
647:identical. For example, the word かなづかい, rendered
3135:
665:International Organization for Standardization
1849:
1770:
1731:
1729:
537:
1784:
1699:(日本語大博物館), author: Kida, Jun'ichirō (紀田順一郎
1476:
1474:
1462:
1460:
1185:
1177:
1173:
1089:
64:Learn how and when to remove these messages
1856:
1842:
1777:
1763:
1726:
1529:を is used as a particle, it is written as
1514:は is used as a particle, it is written as
1499:へ is used as a particle, it is written as
544:
530:
241:Learn how and when to remove this message
223:Learn how and when to remove this message
161:Learn how and when to remove this message
186:This article includes a list of general
3136:
1738:
691:
1863:
1837:
1758:
1703:), publisher: Just System (ジャストシステム,
1651:Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society
578:'Japan-style', romanized as
172:
99:adding citations to reliable sources
70:
29:
13:
192:it lacks sufficient corresponding
14:
3165:
655:in Nihon-shiki, is pronounced as
45:This article has multiple issues.
1618:
1606:
1492:are obsolete in modern Japanese.
256:
177:
75:
34:
1552:, unlike Hepburn, which uses a
1540:Long vowels are indicated by a
1440:
1434:
1428:
1390:
1384:
1378:
1340:
1334:
1328:
1290:
1284:
1278:
1240:
1234:
1228:
1157:
1135:
1129:
1123:
1081:
1073:
1059:
1053:
1047:
1009:
1003:
997:
959:
953:
947:
909:
903:
897:
859:
853:
847:
809:
803:
797:
754:
747:
740:
86:needs additional citations for
53:or discuss these issues on the
1:
1719:
618:It was invented by physicist
3000:Kanji pronunciation sources
2774:Katakana Phonetic Extensions
1646:The Rōmaji movement in Japan
638:Nihon-shiki was followed by
7:
3109:Speculative fiction writers
2668:Transcription into Japanese
1592:
688:article for more details.)
586:in the system itself) is a
580:
557:
10:
3170:
2027:Nagano-Yamanashi-Shizuoka
1638:
613:
110:"Nihon-shiki romanization"
18:
3084:
3024:
2976:
2818:
2676:
2618:
2560:
2495:
2486:
2395:
2370:
2361:
2313:
2286:
2209:
2083:
1911:
1902:
1871:
1792:
1715:(in Japanese), chapter 6.
1664:10.1017/S1356186309990320
1633:List of ISO romanizations
1567:before consonants but as
1448:
1189:
763:
568:
3144:Romanization of Japanese
2894:Sino-Japanese vocabulary
2353:Yokohama Pidgin Japanese
1786:Romanization of Japanese
1482:
19:Not to be confused with
3154:Japanese writing system
2840:Godan and ichidan verbs
2658:Jōdai Tokushu Kanazukai
1697:Nihongo Daihakubutsukan
1507:(Kunrei-shiki/Hepburn).
207:more precise citations.
2945:Court lady language (
2415:Southern Amami Ōshima
2348:Yilan Creole Japanese
476: / ISO 3602
2764:Small Kana Extension
2375:Eastern Old Japanese
2014:Northern Izu Islands
1644:Gottlieb, Nanette. "
403:Japanese punctuation
95:improve this article
2315:Pidgins and creoles
1582:Geminate consonants
692:Romanization charts
604:one-to-one relation
396:Typographic symbols
3116:Classical Japanese
2963:Gender differences
2799:Extended shinjitai
1656:Cambridge Journals
1574:before vowels and
620:Aikitsu Tanakadate
3131:
3130:
2835:Verb conjugations
2814:
2813:
2482:
2481:
2363:Japonic languages
2309:
2308:
2301:Okinawan Japanese
1865:Japanese language
1831:
1830:
1818:
1817:(ISO 3602 Strict)
1810:
1677:, April 1, 1978.
1542:circumflex accent
1480:
1479:
596:Japanese language
577:
554:
553:
251:
250:
243:
233:
232:
225:
171:
170:
163:
145:
68:
3161:
3074:Polivanov system
2935:Honorific speech
2830:Japanese grammar
2493:
2492:
2368:
2367:
1909:
1908:
1858:
1851:
1844:
1835:
1834:
1816:
1808:
1779:
1772:
1765:
1756:
1755:
1749:
1742:
1736:
1733:
1705:Jasuto Shisutemu
1623:
1622:
1611:
1610:
1609:
1602:
1572:
1563:ん is written as
1491:
1472:
1458:
1165:
1155:
696:
610:writing system.
585:
572:
570:
562:
546:
539:
532:
516:Polivanov system
497:(keyboard input)
266:Japanese writing
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246:
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228:
221:
217:
214:
208:
203:this article by
194:inline citations
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30:
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3127:
3080:
3025:Transliteration
3020:
2996:Sound symbolism
2972:
2954:Role language (
2913:from Portuguese
2845:Irregular verbs
2823:
2821:
2810:
2759:Kana Supplement
2754:Kana Extended-B
2749:Kana Extended-A
2672:
2648:Historical kana
2614:
2556:
2535:by stroke count
2526:Kanji radicals
2520:by stroke count
2478:
2391:
2357:
2333:Hawaiian Creole
2305:
2282:
2205:
2079:
1898:
1867:
1862:
1832:
1827:
1788:
1783:
1753:
1752:
1743:
1739:
1735:Gottlieb, p. 78
1734:
1727:
1722:
1701:Kida Jun'ichirō
1641:
1629:
1617:
1607:
1605:
1597:
1595:
1570:
1489:
1485:
1467:
1453:
1190:voiced sounds (
1160:
1150:
694:
616:
592:transliterating
550:
521:
520:
511:
501:
500:
491:
470:
461:
451:Transliteration
446:
445:
426:
413:
412:
398:
388:
387:
379:
366:
345:
335:
334:
321:
296:
282:
247:
236:
235:
234:
229:
218:
212:
209:
199:Please help to
198:
182:
178:
167:
156:
150:
147:
104:
102:
92:
80:
39:
35:
28:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3167:
3157:
3156:
3151:
3146:
3129:
3128:
3126:
3125:
3124:
3123:
3113:
3112:
3111:
3101:
3096:
3090:
3088:
3082:
3081:
3079:
3078:
3077:
3076:
3066:
3065:
3064:
3059:
3054:
3049:
3044:
3039:
3028:
3026:
3022:
3021:
3019:
3018:
3017:
3016:
3011:
3006:
2998:
2993:
2988:
2982:
2980:
2974:
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2970:
2965:
2960:
2951:
2942:
2937:
2932:
2927:
2922:
2917:
2916:
2915:
2910:
2896:
2891:
2885:Native words (
2882:
2877:
2872:
2867:
2862:
2857:
2852:
2847:
2842:
2837:
2832:
2826:
2824:
2819:
2816:
2815:
2812:
2811:
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2806:
2801:
2796:
2791:
2786:
2778:
2777:
2776:
2771:
2766:
2761:
2756:
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2746:
2738:
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2731:
2726:
2721:
2716:
2711:
2703:
2702:
2701:
2693:
2692:
2691:
2680:
2678:
2674:
2673:
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2670:
2665:
2660:
2655:
2650:
2645:
2640:
2635:
2634:
2633:
2622:
2620:
2616:
2615:
2613:
2612:
2607:
2602:
2597:
2592:
2587:
2582:
2577:
2572:
2566:
2564:
2558:
2557:
2555:
2554:
2549:
2544:
2539:
2538:
2537:
2532:
2524:
2523:
2522:
2512:
2507:
2501:
2499:
2490:
2488:Writing system
2484:
2483:
2480:
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2476:
2475:
2474:
2469:
2464:
2459:
2449:
2448:
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2427:
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2417:
2412:
2401:
2399:
2393:
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2390:
2389:
2388:
2387:
2377:
2371:
2365:
2359:
2358:
2356:
2355:
2350:
2345:
2343:Pseudo-Chinese
2340:
2335:
2330:
2325:
2323:Bamboo English
2319:
2317:
2311:
2310:
2307:
2306:
2304:
2303:
2298:
2296:Amami Japanese
2292:
2290:
2284:
2283:
2281:
2280:
2273:
2272:
2271:
2266:
2261:
2256:
2251:
2250:
2249:
2232:
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2217:
2215:
2207:
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2204:
2203:
2196:
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2184:
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2143:
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2141:
2136:
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2126:
2114:
2113:
2112:
2111:
2110:
2107:
2091:
2089:
2081:
2080:
2078:
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2076:
2075:
2074:
2073:
2068:
2063:
2058:
2050:
2049:
2048:
2040:
2039:
2038:
2033:
2018:
2017:
2016:
2011:
2010:
2009:
2004:
1996:
1995:
1994:
1989:
1984:
1969:
1968:
1967:
1966:
1965:
1960:
1952:
1951:
1950:
1945:
1940:
1925:
1919:
1917:
1906:
1900:
1899:
1897:
1896:
1891:
1886:
1881:
1875:
1873:
1869:
1868:
1861:
1860:
1853:
1846:
1838:
1829:
1828:
1826:
1825:
1820:
1812:
1804:
1799:
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1790:
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1781:
1774:
1767:
1759:
1751:
1750:
1737:
1724:
1723:
1721:
1718:
1717:
1716:
1694:
1667:
1640:
1637:
1636:
1635:
1628:
1627:
1615:
1594:
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1590:
1589:
1579:
1557:
1538:
1523:
1508:
1493:
1484:
1481:
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1477:
1475:
1473:
1464:
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1459:
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1439:
1433:
1427:
1421:
1415:
1409:
1403:
1396:
1395:
1389:
1383:
1377:
1371:
1365:
1359:
1353:
1346:
1345:
1339:
1333:
1327:
1321:
1315:
1309:
1303:
1296:
1295:
1289:
1283:
1277:
1271:
1265:
1259:
1253:
1246:
1245:
1239:
1233:
1227:
1221:
1215:
1209:
1203:
1196:
1195:
1187:
1186:
1184:
1178:
1175:
1174:
1172:
1166:
1158:
1156:
1148:
1141:
1140:
1134:
1128:
1122:
1116:
1110:
1104:
1098:
1091:
1090:
1088:
1082:
1080:
1074:
1072:
1065:
1064:
1058:
1052:
1046:
1040:
1034:
1028:
1022:
1015:
1014:
1008:
1002:
996:
990:
984:
978:
972:
965:
964:
958:
952:
946:
940:
934:
928:
922:
915:
914:
908:
902:
896:
890:
884:
878:
872:
865:
864:
858:
852:
846:
840:
834:
828:
822:
815:
814:
808:
802:
796:
790:
784:
778:
772:
765:
764:
761:
760:
753:
746:
739:
733:
727:
721:
715:
708:
707:
702:
693:
690:
615:
612:
600:Latin alphabet
552:
551:
549:
548:
541:
534:
526:
523:
522:
519:
518:
512:
507:
506:
503:
502:
499:
498:
490:
489:
488:
487:
482:
469:
468:
462:
457:
456:
453:
452:
448:
447:
444:
443:
438:
433:
427:
424:
423:
420:
419:
415:
414:
411:
410:
408:Iteration mark
405:
399:
394:
393:
390:
389:
386:
385:
378:
377:
372:
365:
364:
359:
358:
357:
346:
341:
340:
337:
336:
333:
332:
327:
325:Jinmeiyō kanji
320:
319:
318:
317:
312:
307:
295:
294:
289:
283:
278:
277:
274:
273:
269:
268:
262:
261:
249:
248:
231:
230:
185:
183:
176:
169:
168:
83:
81:
74:
69:
43:
42:
40:
33:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3166:
3155:
3152:
3150:
3147:
3145:
3142:
3141:
3139:
3122:
3119:
3118:
3117:
3114:
3110:
3107:
3106:
3105:
3102:
3100:
3097:
3095:
3092:
3091:
3089:
3087:
3083:
3075:
3072:
3071:
3070:
3069:Cyrillization
3067:
3063:
3060:
3058:
3057:Wāpuro rōmaji
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1807:Kunrei-shiki
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644:Hepburn-shiki
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509:Cyrillization
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151:February 2009
143:
140:
136:
133:
129:
126:
122:
119:
115:
112: –
111:
107:
106:Find sources:
100:
96:
90:
89:
84:This article
82:
78:
73:
72:
67:
65:
58:
57:
52:
51:
46:
41:
32:
31:
26:
25:Shoku Nihongi
22:
3062:In Esperanto
3041:
3032:Romanization
2986:Pitch accent
2968:Dictionaries
2955:
2947:nyōbō kotoba
2946:
2900:
2899:Loan words (
2886:
2870:Topic marker
2784:ARIB STD B24
2530:by frequency
2410:Amami Ōshima
2287:
2276:
2235:
2221:
2211:
2199:
2186:East San'in
2170:
2146:
2117:
2095:
2085:
2021:
1972:
1928:
1913:
1894:Early Modern
1884:Early Middle
1815:Nihon-shiki
1814:
1740:
1704:
1700:
1696:
1670:
1649:
1575:
1568:
1564:
1560:
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730:
724:
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712:
680:
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658:
656:
650:
648:
640:Kunrei-shiki
637:
617:
588:romanization
581:
558:
555:
479:
474:Kunrei-shiki
425:Syllabograms
330:Hyōgai kanji
310:Kyōiku kanji
287:Stroke order
237:
219:
210:
191:
157:
148:
138:
131:
124:
117:
105:
93:Please help
88:verification
85:
61:
54:
48:
47:Please help
44:
3042:Nihon-shiki
2925:Wasei-kango
2860:Possessives
2820:Grammar and
2653:Modern kana
2638:Punctuation
2619:Orthography
2440:Tokunoshima
2052:Gifu-Aichi
2022:Tōkai–Tōsan
1889:Late Middle
1548:is written
1488:Letters in
590:system for
559:Nihon-shiki
480:Nihon-shiki
205:introducing
21:Nihon Shoki
3138:Categories
3086:Literature
2956:yakuwarigo
2940:Honorifics
2920:Wasei-eigo
2908:from Dutch
2855:Adjectives
2822:vocabulary
2600:Hentaigana
2595:Man'yōgana
2435:Okinoerabu
2139:Okuyoshino
1809:(ISO 3602)
1720:References
1683:0824720210
1525:Even when
1510:Even when
1495:Even when
370:Man'yōgana
355:Hentaigana
315:Tōyō kanji
300:Jōyō kanji
272:Components
213:April 2009
188:references
121:newspapers
50:improve it
2978:Phonology
2865:Particles
2804:Half/Full
2734:Shift JIS
2663:Yotsugana
2643:Kanazukai
2585:Okurigana
2497:Logograms
2109:Shiramine
1954:Southern
1934:Northern
1675:CRC Press
1559:Syllabic
598:into the
582:Nihonsiki
436:Okurigana
56:talk page
3149:ISO 3602
2901:gairaigo
2880:Numerals
2850:Pronouns
2789:Enclosed
2769:Katakana
2744:Hiragana
2740:Unicode
2695:ISO/IEC
2677:Encoding
2580:Furigana
2575:Katakana
2570:Hiragana
2472:Yonaguni
2452:Southern
2430:Okinawan
2425:Kunigami
2405:Northern
2397:Ryukyuan
2338:Kyowa-go
2269:Tsushima
2259:Nagasaki
2254:Kumamoto
2242:Chikuzen
2106:Kanazawa
2096:Hokuriku
2031:Shizuoka
1998:Eastern
1987:Kanagawa
1978:Western
1923:Hokkaidō
1904:Dialects
1625:Language
1593:See also
686:hiragana
565:Japanese
431:Furigana
362:Katakana
350:Hiragana
292:Radicals
3104:Writers
3037:Hepburn
2991:Rendaku
2930:Engrish
2626:Braille
2547:Ryakuji
2467:Yaeyama
2385:grammar
2380:Hachijō
2277:Satsugū
2236:Hichiku
2222:Hōnichi
2176:San'yō
2171:Chūgoku
2147:Shikoku
2086:Western
2046:Nagaoka
2042:Echigo
2007:Tochigi
2002:Ibaraki
1963:Nairiku
1943:Tsugaru
1914:Eastern
1797:Hepburn
1639:Sources
1599:Portals
1544:: long
1192:dakuten
700:gozyûon
624:Hepburn
614:History
606:to the
576:
569:日本式ローマ字
466:Hepburn
441:Braille
201:improve
135:scholar
3099:Poetry
3047:Kunrei
3009:Kan-on
2780:Other
2689:EUC-JP
2605:Sōgana
2590:Gojūon
2542:Kokuji
2510:Kanbun
2462:Tarama
2457:Miyako
2247:Hakata
2212:Kyūshū
2200:Umpaku
2163:Sanuki
2129:Banshū
2118:Kansai
2061:Mikawa
2056:Nagoya
2036:Narada
1929:Tōhoku
1823:Wāpuro
1711:
1689:
1681:
1586:sokuon
1554:macron
1533:, not
1518:, not
1503:, not
1468:ぐゎ/グヮ
1454:くゎ/クヮ
1441:ぴょ/ピョ
1435:ぴゅ/ピュ
1429:ぴゃ/ピャ
1391:びょ/ビョ
1385:びゅ/ビュ
1379:びゃ/ビャ
1341:ぢょ/ヂョ
1335:ぢゅ/ヂュ
1329:ぢゃ/ヂャ
1291:じょ/ジョ
1285:じゅ/ジュ
1279:じゃ/ジャ
1241:ぎょ/ギョ
1235:ぎゅ/ギュ
1229:ぎゃ/ギャ
1136:りょ/リョ
1130:りゅ/リュ
1124:りゃ/リャ
1060:みょ/ミョ
1054:みゅ/ミュ
1048:みゃ/ミャ
1010:ひょ/ヒョ
1004:ひゅ/ヒュ
998:ひゃ/ヒャ
960:にょ/ニョ
954:にゅ/ニュ
948:にゃ/ニャ
910:ちょ/チョ
904:ちゅ/チュ
898:ちゃ/チャ
860:しょ/ショ
854:しゅ/シュ
848:しゃ/シャ
810:きょ/キョ
804:きゅ/キュ
798:きゃ/キャ
495:Wāpuro
459:Rōmaji
383:Gojūon
375:Sōgana
190:, but
137:
130:
123:
116:
108:
3121:texts
3094:Books
3014:Tō-on
3004:Go-on
2631:Kanji
2552:Ateji
2515:Kanji
2445:Yoron
2420:Kikai
2288:Other
2190:Inshū
2180:Bingo
2134:Kishū
2124:Awaji
1992:Tokyo
1982:Gunma
1973:Kantō
1958:Kesen
1948:Akita
1938:Nanbu
1613:Japan
1571:'
1483:Notes
628:kanji
280:Kanji
142:JSTOR
128:books
2729:0213
2724:0212
2719:0211
2714:0208
2709:0201
2705:JIS
2699:2022
2562:Kana
2264:Saga
2228:Ōita
2158:Tosa
2102:Kaga
2071:Hida
2066:Mino
1709:ISBN
1687:ISBN
1679:ISBN
1588:(っ).
1423:ぽ/ポ
1417:ぺ/ペ
1411:ぷ/プ
1405:ぴ/ピ
1399:ぱ/パ
1373:ぼ/ボ
1367:べ/ベ
1361:ぶ/ブ
1355:び/ビ
1349:ば/バ
1323:ど/ド
1317:で/デ
1311:づ/ヅ
1305:ぢ/ヂ
1299:だ/ダ
1273:ぞ/ゾ
1267:ぜ/ゼ
1261:ず/ズ
1255:じ/ジ
1249:ざ/ザ
1223:ご/ゴ
1217:げ/ゲ
1211:ぐ/グ
1205:ぎ/ギ
1199:が/ガ
1180:ん/ン
1168:を/ヲ
1161:ゑ/ヱ
1151:ゐ/ヰ
1144:わ/ワ
1118:ろ/ロ
1112:れ/レ
1106:る/ル
1100:り/リ
1094:ら/ラ
1084:よ/ヨ
1076:ゆ/ユ
1068:や/ヤ
1042:も/モ
1036:め/メ
1030:む/ム
1024:み/ミ
1018:ま/マ
992:ほ/ホ
986:へ/ヘ
980:ふ/フ
974:ひ/ヒ
968:は/ハ
942:の/ノ
936:ね/ネ
930:ぬ/ヌ
924:に/ニ
918:な/ナ
892:と/ト
886:て/テ
880:つ/ツ
874:ち/チ
868:た/タ
842:そ/ソ
836:せ/セ
830:す/ス
824:し/シ
818:さ/サ
792:こ/コ
786:け/ケ
780:く/ク
774:き/キ
768:か/カ
735:お/オ
729:え/エ
723:う/ウ
717:い/イ
711:あ/ア
705:yôon
681:kana
657:kana
649:kana
632:kana
630:and
608:kana
594:the
574:lit.
418:Uses
343:Kana
305:list
114:news
3052:JSL
2794:EIS
2684:EUC
2153:Iyo
1879:Old
1802:JSL
1746:155
1660:doi
1648:."
1490:red
1470:gwa
1456:kwa
1443:pyo
1437:pyu
1431:pya
1393:byo
1387:byu
1381:bya
1343:dyo
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1331:dya
1293:zyo
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1231:gya
1138:ryo
1132:ryu
1126:rya
1062:myo
1056:myu
1050:mya
1012:hyo
1006:hyu
1000:hya
962:nyo
956:nyu
950:nya
912:tyo
906:tyu
900:tya
862:syo
856:syu
850:sya
812:kyo
806:kyu
800:kya
669:JSL
661:kai
653:kai
485:JSL
97:by
23:or
3140::
1728:^
1707:)
1685:,
1673:.
1658:.
1531:wo
1527:wo
1520:wa
1516:ha
1512:ha
1501:he
1497:he
1425:po
1419:pe
1413:pu
1407:pi
1401:pa
1375:bo
1369:be
1363:bu
1357:bi
1351:ba
1325:do
1319:de
1313:du
1307:di
1301:da
1275:zo
1269:ze
1263:zu
1257:zi
1251:za
1225:go
1219:ge
1213:gu
1207:gi
1201:ga
1194:)
1170:wo
1163:we
1153:wi
1146:wa
1120:ro
1114:re
1108:ru
1102:ri
1096:ra
1086:yo
1078:yu
1070:ya
1044:mo
1038:me
1032:mu
1026:mi
1020:ma
994:ho
988:he
982:hu
976:hi
970:ha
944:no
938:ne
932:nu
926:ni
920:na
894:to
888:te
882:tu
876:ti
870:ta
844:so
838:se
832:su
826:si
820:sa
794:ko
788:ke
782:ku
776:ki
770:ka
759:)
757:yo
752:)
750:yu
745:)
743:ya
659:zu
651:du
571:,
567::
59:.
2958:)
2949:)
2903:)
2889:)
1857:e
1850:t
1843:v
1778:e
1771:t
1764:v
1748:.
1693:.
1666:.
1662::
1601::
1578:.
1576:y
1569:n
1565:n
1561:n
1556:.
1550:ô
1546:o
1537:.
1535:o
1522:.
1505:e
1182:n
755:(
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741:(
737:o
731:e
725:u
719:i
713:a
563:(
545:e
538:t
531:v
244:)
238:(
226:)
220:(
215:)
211:(
197:.
164:)
158:(
153:)
149:(
139:·
132:·
125:·
118:·
91:.
66:)
62:(
27:.
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