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years of age, to the favour and esteem of his great master and predecessor, Sir
Christopher Wren, under whom, during his life, and for himself since his death, he was concerned in the erecting more Publick Edifices, than any one life, among the moderns at least, can boast of. In King Charles II's reign, he was employ'd under Sir Christopher Wren, in the stately buildings at Winchester; as he was likewise in all the other publick structures, Palaces &c, erected by that great Man, under whom he was assisting, from the Beginning to the Finishing of that grand and noble Edifice the cathedral of St. Paul's, and of all the churches rebuilt after the Fire of London. At the building of Chelsea-College he was Deputy-Surveyor, and Clerk of Works, under Sir Christopher Wren. At Greenwich-Hospital he was, from the Beginning 'till a short time before his death, Clerk of Works. In the Reigns of King William and Queen Anne, he was Clerk of their Majesties Works at Kensington, and at Whitehall, St. Jame's and Westminster. In the reign of King George I, he was first Surveyor of all the new Churches, and Surveyor of Westminster-Abbey, from the death of Sir Christopher Wren. He was chiefly concern'd in designing and building a great number of magnificent Nobleman's Houses, and particularly (with Sir John Vanbrugh) those of Blenheim and Castle-Howard, at the latter of which he was at his Death, carrying on a Mausoleum in the most elegant and grand Stile, not to mention many others: But one of the most surprising of his undertakings, was the repairing of
1042:'s Library there, his design of a new Parliament-House, after the thought of Sir Christopher Wren; and, to mention no more, his noble Design for repairing the West-End of Westminster-Abbey, will all stand monuments to his great capacity, inexhaustible fancy, and solid judgement. He was perfectly skill'd in the History of Architecture, and could give exact account of all the famous buildings, both Antient and Modern, in every part of the world; to which his excellent memory, that never fail'd him to the very last, greatly contributed. Nor was architecture the only science he was master of. He was bred a scholar. and knew as well the learned as the modern tongues. He was a very skilful mathematician, geographer, and geometrician; and in drawing, which he practised to the last, though greatly afflicted with Chiragra, few excelled him. In his private life he was a tender husband, a loving father, a sincere friend, and a most agreeable companion; nor could the most poignant pains of Gout, which he for many years laboured under, ever ruffle or discompose his evenness of temper. And as his memory must always be dear to his Country, so the loss of so great and valuable man in sensibly, and in a more particular manner felt by those who had the pleasure of his personal acquaintance, and enjoy'd the happiness of his conversation.
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469:: the scheme consisted of a Fellows' Building along King's Parade, and opposite the Chapel a monumental range of buildings containing the Great Hall, kitchens and to the south of that the library and Provost's Lodge. Plans and wooden models for the scheme survive, but it proved too expensive and Hawksmoor produced a second scaled down design. But the college that had invested heavily in the
604:. James and Hawksmoor remained in office until the commission was wound up in 1733. The declining enthusiasm of the Commission, and the expense of the buildings, meant that only twelve churches were completed, six designed by Hawksmoor, and two by James in collaboration with Hawksmoor. The two collaborations were
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Thursday morning died, at this house on Mill-Bank, Westminster, in a very advanced age, the learned and ingenious
Nicholas Hawksmoor, Esq, one of the greatest Architects this or the preceding Century has produc'd. His early skill in, and Genius for this noble science recommended him, when about 18
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made
Hawksmoor his deputy as Comptroller of the Works. There is no doubt that Hawksmoor brought to the brilliant amateur the professional grounding he had received from Wren, but it is also arguable that Wren's architectural development was from the persuasion of his formal pupil, Hawksmoor.
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died, was
Hawksmoor restored to the secretaryship, though not the clerkship which was given to Filtcroft. In 1696, Hawksmoor was appointed surveyor to the Commissioners of Sewers for Westminster, but was dismissed in 1700, having neglected to attend the Court several days last past.
647:. Their spires are essentially Gothic outlines executed in innovative and imaginative Classical detail. Although Hawksmoor and John James terminated the commission by 1733, they were still being paid "for carrying on and finishing the works under their care" until James's death.
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Drawings
Collection, show that he was still learning the techniques of his new profession at the age of 22. His first official post was as Deputy Surveyor to Wren at Winchester Palace from 1683 until February 1685. Hawksmoor's signature appears on a brickmaker's contract for
1038:, where the stone wall on the north-side was near three Foot out of the perpendicular, which he mov'd at once to its upright by means of a machine of his own invention. In short his numerous Publick Works at Oxford, perfected in his lifetime, and the design and model of
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By 1700 Hawksmoor had emerged as a major architectural personality, and in the next 20 years he proved himself to be one of the great masters of the
English Baroque. His baroque, but somewhat classical and gothic architectural form was derived from his exploration of
1263:(1985): the historical Hawksmoor is refigured as the fictional Devil-worshipper Nicholas Dyer, while the eponymous Hawksmoor is a twentieth-century detective charged with investigating a series of murders perpetrated on Dyer's (Hawksmoor's) churches.
287:, whose family had property in Hawksmoor's part of Nottinghamshire, wrote in 1731 that he was taken as a youth to act as clerk by "Justice Mellust in Yorkshire, where Mr Gouge senior did some fretwork ceilings afterwards Mr. Haukesmore [
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1296:. In the appendix, Moore revealed that he had met and spoken with Sinclair on numerous occasions while developing the core ideas of the book. The argument includes the idea that the locations of the churches form a
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372:, Hawksmoor was deprived of his double post to provide places for Benson's brother. "Poor Hawksmoor," wrote Vanbrugh in 1721. "What a Barbarous Age have his fine, ingenious Parts fallen into. What wou'd Monsr:
304:, hearing of his "early skill and genius" for architecture, took him on as his clerk at about the age of 18. A surviving early sketch-book contains sketches and notes, some dated 1680 and 1683, of buildings in
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of the stomach". He had suffered poor health for the last twenty years of his life and was often confined to bed hardly able to sign his name. His will instructed that he be buried at the church of St
Botolph
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860:
The
Mausoleum (1729–40) built on the same scale as his London churches, it is almost certainly the first free-standing mausoleum built in Western Europe since the fall of the Roman Empire.
1249:(1975). Sinclair promoted the poetic interpretation of the architect's singular style of architectural composition that Hawksmoor's churches formed a pattern consistent with the forms of
1313:, Northamptonshire Nicholas Hawksmoor Primary School, built on land formerly part of the Easton Neston estate, is named in recognition of the architect of nearby Easton Neston house.
405:, now mostly destroyed, for the Lord Chief Justice King. Easton Neston was not completed as he intended, the symmetrical flanking wings and entrance colonnade remaining unexecuted.
976:, Shenleybury, which has been deconsecrated so the tomb now sits in a private garden. The inscription, cut by Andrews Jelfe a mason who worked regularly on his buildings reads:
654:. Parliament had voted £100 for the repair and completion of the Abbey in 1698. The west towers of the Abbey were designed by Hawksmoor but not completed until after his death.
1062:, who later married William Theaker; the grandchild of this second marriage ultimately inherited Hawksmoor's properties near Drayton after the death of the architect's widow.
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as its surveyors. As supervising architects they were not necessarily expected to design all the churches themselves. Dickinson left his post in 1713 and was replaced by
453:, where he might have been influenced by the style of architecture there. Instead he studied engravings especially monuments of ancient Rome and reconstructions of the
643:. They are his best-known independent works of architecture, and compare in their complexity of interpenetrating internal spaces with contemporaneous work in Italy by
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lost their money when the "bubble" burst in 1720. As a result, Hawksmoor's scheme was never executed; instead, the college was developed later in the 18th century by
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215:. Part of his work has been correctly attributed to him only relatively recently, and his influence has reached several poets and authors of the twentieth century.
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481:. In the 1690s, Hawksmoor gave proposals for the library of the Queen's College, Oxford. However like many of his proposals for both universities, such as
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A Celebration of Death: An
Introduction to Some of the Buildings, Monuments, and Settings of Funerary Architecture in the Western European Tradition
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As he neared the age of 50, Hawksmoor began to produce work for the universities of Oxford and
Cambridge. In 1713 he was commissioned to complete
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504:, most of which were not realised. Surviving drawings from c.1713 propose the rebuilding of the central core of the academic area of Oxford as a
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style of architecture in the late-seventeenth and early-eighteenth centuries. Hawksmoor worked alongside the principal architects of the time,
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and a house and land at Great Drayton. It is not known where he received his schooling, but it was probably in more than basic literacy.
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Hawksmoor's only child was a daughter, Elizabeth, whose second husband, Nathanial Blackerby, wrote the obituary of his father-in-law.
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890:'s market place, erected in 1702, at 80 feet (24 m) in height it was the first large scale obelisk to be erected in Britain.
612:(1727–33), to which Hawksmoor's contribution seems to have been largely confined to the towers with their extraordinary steeples.
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Act for the building of Fifty New Churches in the Cities of London and Westminster or the Suburbs thereof
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Hawksmoor's architecture has influenced several poets and authors of the twentieth century. His church
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though there is no documentary or historic evidence for this. This idea was, however, embellished by
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839:(1727–33), joint work with John James, tower by Hawksmoor, bombed in London Blitz then demolished.
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in November 1684. Wren was paying him 2 shillings a day in 1685 as assistant in his office in
293:] came to London, became clerk to Sr. Christopher Wren & thence became an Architect".
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360:. Thanks to Wren's influence as Surveyor-General, Hawksmoor was named Clerk of the Works at
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From about 1684 to about 1700, Hawksmoor worked with Christopher Wren on projects including
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called 'Nicholas Hawksmoor: His Churches' which appeared in Sinclair's collection of poems
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Algernon Stitch lived in a "superb creation by Nicholas Hawksmoor" in London in the novel
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Easton Neston House, Northamptonshire (c.1695–1710); the flanking, secondary wings and
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was initially Hawksmoor's, but the commission for the building eventually went to
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Upon his death he left a widow, to whom he bequeathed all his property in
183:– 25 March 1736) was an English architect. He was a leading figure of the
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for which he was the sole architect, though he extensively remodelled
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The Architects of Eighteenth Century English Freemasonry, 1720 – 1740
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Both Sinclair and Ackroyd's ideas in turn were further developed by
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The Architectural Drawings Collection of King's College, Cambridge
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Hawksmoor also designed a number of structures for the gardens at
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and a number of churchmen. The commission appointed Hawksmoor and
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for Charles Howard, later the 3rd Earl of Carlisle. In July 1721,
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1735:. Vol. 25. London: Smith, Elder & Co. pp. 232–236.
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King William Block (1699–1702), Greenwich Hospital, west facade.
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in Northamptonshire for Sir William Fermor. This was the only
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and six new churches in London. Hawksmoor was initiated into
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1592:
A Biographical Dictionary of British Architects, 1600-1840
824:(1727–33), joint work with John James, tower by Hawksmoor.
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After the death of Wren in 1723, Hawksmoor was appointed
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Hawksmoor conceived grand rebuilding schemes for central
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In 1702, Hawksmoor designed the baroque country house of
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in France have given for such a man?" Only in 1726 after
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1895:
Google map showing where Hawksmoor's London churches are
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Codrington Library, All Souls College (1716–34), Oxford
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he designed the Woodstock Gate (1723) in the form of a
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Hawksmoor's London Churches: Architecture and Theology
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1414:"St Anne, Limehouse, Commercial Road, Tower Hamlets"
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615:The six churches wholly designed by Hawksmoor were
1906:"Archival material relating to Nicholas Hawksmoor"
1687:. London and Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
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247:Clarendon Building (1712–13), Oxford, south front.
1796:Hawksmoor. An exhibition selected by Kerry Downes
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713:Interior of Christ Church, Spitalfields (1714–29)
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2004:Freemasons of the Premier Grand Lodge of England
1955:
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963:Hawksmoor died on 25 March 1736 in his house at
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19:"Hawksmoor" redirects here. For the novel, see
1709:Nicholas Hawksmoor: Rebuilding Ancient Wonders
1172:Tower (1718–24), St Michael, Cornhill, London.
782:Interior of St George's Bloomsbury (1716–1731)
328:. These somewhat amateur drawings, now in the
1761:(11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.
1544:The Obelisk: A Monumental Feature in Britain
686:Interior of St Alphege's Greenwich (1712–18)
600:. Gibbs was removed in 1716 and replaced by
552:, City of London, a lodge belonging to the
1928:
1914:
1840:"Hawksmoor's Christ Church Spitalfields".
1715:
46:
1683:De la Ruffiniere du Prey, Pierre (2000).
941:The Carrmire gate (c.1730), Castle Howard
740:Interior of St Anne's Limehouse (1714–30)
568:St George in the East (1714–29), east end
1807:. London: Arts Council of Great Britain.
1747:
1699:. Masters of Architecture. London: Benn.
1121:King's Gallery, Kensington Palace (1694)
870:The Temple of Venus (1731–35) demolished
563:
250:
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1595:(3rd ed.). Yale University Press.
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418:John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough
364:(1689) and Deputy Surveyor of Works at
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1288:used Hawksmoor's buildings as part of
1241:Hawksmoor is the subject of a poem by
953:Woodstock gate (1723), Blenheim Palace
917:The Mausoleum (1729–42), Castle Howard
809:Interior of St Mary Woolnoth (1716–23)
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497:Oxford, the library was not executed.
1945:Images relating to Nicholas Hawksmoor
1936:Images relating to Nicholas Hawksmoor
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330:Royal Institute of British Architects
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1109:Kensington Palace Orangery (1704–05)
267:farming family, almost certainly in
255:The west towers of Westminster Abbey
1418:Archives in London and the M25 area
1148:All Souls College (1716–34), Oxford
408:He then worked for a time with Sir
27:. For the fictional character, see
13:
1798:. London: Whitechapel Art Gallery.
14:
2035:
1999:English ecclesiastical architects
1926:National Portrait Gallery, London
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1861:Rose, Steve (25 September 2006).
477:and early in the 19th century by
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1803:The Hawksmoor Committee (1962).
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1732:Dictionary of National Biography
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1979:18th-century English architects
1974:17th-century English architects
1922:Portraits of Nicholas Hawksmoor
1818:Berman, Richard Andrew (2010).
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560:Hawksmoor's six London Churches
2019:People from Bassetlaw District
1890:A Timeline of Hawksmoor's life
1769:Oxford: An Architectural Guide
1406:
1209:Hawksmoor in modern literature
845:Garden buildings and monuments
621:St George's Church, Bloomsbury
572:In 1711, parliament passed an
554:Premier Grand Lodge of England
548:in 1730 at the Oxford Arms in
461:Work at Oxford & Cambridge
1:
1649:. London: Thames and Hudson.
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1066:Gallery of architectural work
929:Pyramid (1728), Castle Howard
652:Surveyor to Westminster Abbey
617:St Alfege's Church, Greenwich
177:
58:
2014:Nicholas Hawksmoor buildings
1940:Country Life Picture Library
1303:
1184:The Long Library (1722–25),
540:; the High Street screen at
7:
1772:. Oxford University Press.
1726:"Hawksmoor, Nicholas"
699:Christ Church, Spitalfields
625:Christ Church, Spitalfields
542:The Queen's College, Oxford
388:
153:The Queen's College, Oxford
145:St Alfege Church, Greenwich
125:Christ Church, Spitalfields
23:. For the restaurants, see
10:
2040:
1994:English Baroque architects
1984:Architects from Nottingham
1900:Christ Church Spitalfields
1533:
1300:with ritual significance.
1201:The Queen's College Oxford
1029:, no. 603. 27 March 1736:
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1003:obijt vicesimo quino die
534:Worcester College, Oxford
530:All Souls College, Oxford
467:King's College, Cambridge
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157:Worcester College, Oxford
149:All Souls College, Oxford
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1989:Architects of cathedrals
1949:English Heritage Archive
1766:Tyack, Geoffrey (1998).
1711:. Yale University Press.
1541:Barnes, Richard (2004).
1284:, which speculated that
995:NICHOLAUS HAWKSMOOR Armr
905:(1702), Ripon, Yorkshire
1758:Encyclopædia Britannica
882:. He also designed the
218:
201:City of London churches
129:St George's, Bloomsbury
1863:"Hawksmoor's churches"
1794:Downes, Kerry (1977).
1664:Downes, Kerry (1979).
1641:Downes, Kerry (1970).
1292:, with his victims as
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974:Shenley, Hertfordshire
768:St George's Bloomsbury
672:St Alphege's Greenwich
576:, which established a
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259:Hawksmoor was born in
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29:The Authority (comics)
25:Hawksmoor (restaurant)
1788:Exhibition catalogues
1693:Goodhart-Rendel, H.S.
1636:. Avebury Publishing.
1571:. Faber & Faber.
1031:
1027:Read's Weekly Journal
978:
837:St John's Horsleydown
753:St George in the East
629:St George in the East
567:
528:and new buildings at
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137:St George in the East
1910:UK National Archives
1842:Architectural Design
1824:University of Exeter
1632:Doig, Allan (1979).
1512:"Nicholas Hawksmoor"
1379:, pp. 23 to 27.
1134:South Stoneham House
822:St Luke's Old Street
354:Hampton Court Palace
2024:People from Shenley
1844:. A.D. Profile 22.
1753:Hawksmoor, Nicholas
1611:Curl, James Stevens
1136:(1708), Southampton
1080:Easton Neston House
726:St Anne's Limehouse
658:Gallery of churches
645:Francesco Borromini
641:St Anne's Limehouse
610:St John Horsleydown
506:Forum Universitatis
350:St Paul's Cathedral
197:St Paul's Cathedral
141:St Anne's Limehouse
1697:Nicholas Hawksmoor
1668:. A. Zwemmer Ltd.
1096:Greenwich Hospital
959:Death and obituary
857:The Pyramid (1728)
606:St Luke Old Street
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526:Codrington Library
518:Clarendon Building
358:Greenwich Hospital
257:
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205:Greenwich Hospital
174:Nicholas Hawksmoor
40:Nicholas Hawksmoor
1779:978-0-19-817423-3
1602:978-0-300-07207-5
1578:978-0-571-24688-5
1554:978-1-872914-28-2
1251:Theistic Satanism
594:William Dickinson
491:Brasenose College
487:Radcliffe Library
483:All Souls College
471:South Sea Company
455:Temple of Solomon
445:and contemporary
362:Kensington Palace
335:Winchester Palace
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162:Westminster Abbey
21:Hawksmoor (novel)
16:English architect
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35:
2039:
2038:
2034:
2033:
2032:
2030:
2029:
2028:
1954:
1953:
1904:
1886:
1881:
1872:
1870:
1839:
1780:
1751:, ed. (1911). "
1741:
1739:
1723:, eds. (1891).
1717:Stephen, Leslie
1676:
1657:
1625:
1603:
1579:
1555:
1536:
1531:
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1407:
1399:
1395:
1387:
1383:
1375:
1371:
1363:
1359:
1351:
1342:
1334:
1325:
1320:
1306:
1294:human sacrifice
1286:Jack the Ripper
1211:
1204:
1197:
1188:
1186:Blenheim Palace
1182:
1173:
1170:
1161:
1158:
1149:
1146:
1137:
1131:
1122:
1119:
1110:
1107:
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1077:
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1009:
1005:
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993:
989:
983:
961:
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951:
942:
939:
930:
927:
918:
915:
906:
900:
876:Blenheim Palace
847:
840:
834:
825:
819:
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807:
798:
792:
783:
780:
771:
765:
756:
750:
741:
738:
729:
723:
714:
711:
702:
696:
687:
684:
675:
669:
660:
580:which included
562:
479:William Wilkins
463:
447:Italian baroque
414:Blenheim Palace
391:
299:
261:Nottinghamshire
221:
209:Blenheim Palace
185:English Baroque
180:
160:West Towers of
159:
155:
151:
147:
143:
139:
135:
131:
127:
123:
118:
95:
86:
80:
78:
70:
67:Nottinghamshire
64:
61:
41:
32:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2037:
2027:
2026:
2021:
2016:
2011:
2006:
2001:
1996:
1991:
1986:
1981:
1976:
1971:
1966:
1952:
1951:
1942:
1933:
1919:
1902:
1897:
1892:
1885:
1884:External links
1882:
1880:
1879:
1858:
1822:(PhD thesis).
1815:
1814:
1810:
1809:
1800:
1790:
1789:
1785:
1784:
1778:
1763:
1749:Chisholm, Hugh
1737:
1713:
1701:
1689:
1680:
1674:
1661:
1655:
1638:
1629:
1624:978-0713473360
1623:
1607:
1601:
1587:Colvin, Howard
1583:
1577:
1559:
1553:
1537:
1535:
1532:
1529:
1528:
1503:
1491:
1479:
1467:
1465:, p. 122.
1455:
1453:, p. 179.
1443:
1441:, p. 103.
1431:
1405:
1403:, p. 140.
1393:
1391:, p. 168.
1381:
1369:
1357:
1340:
1322:
1321:
1319:
1316:
1315:
1314:
1305:
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1272:Eddie Campbell
1223:The Waste Land
1210:
1207:
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880:Triumphal arch
872:
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835:
828:
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663:
659:
656:
608:(1727–33) and
561:
558:
550:Ludgate Street
462:
459:
441:, the English
390:
387:
378:William Benson
370:William Benson
298:
297:Apprenticeship
295:
220:
217:
169:
168:
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113:
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43:
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39:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2036:
2025:
2022:
2020:
2017:
2015:
2012:
2010:
2009:John Vanbrugh
2007:
2005:
2002:
2000:
1997:
1995:
1992:
1990:
1987:
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1727:
1722:
1718:
1714:
1710:
1706:
1705:Hart, Vaughan
1702:
1698:
1694:
1690:
1686:
1681:
1677:
1675:0-302-02783-1
1671:
1667:
1662:
1658:
1656:0-500-20096-3
1652:
1647:
1646:
1639:
1635:
1630:
1626:
1620:
1617:. Constable.
1616:
1612:
1608:
1604:
1598:
1594:
1593:
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1580:
1574:
1570:
1569:
1564:
1563:Bennett, Alan
1560:
1556:
1550:
1546:
1545:
1539:
1538:
1517:
1513:
1507:
1500:
1495:
1488:
1483:
1477:, p. 18.
1476:
1471:
1464:
1459:
1452:
1447:
1440:
1435:
1420:. AIM25. 2010
1419:
1415:
1409:
1402:
1397:
1390:
1385:
1378:
1373:
1367:, p. 98.
1366:
1361:
1354:
1349:
1347:
1345:
1337:
1332:
1330:
1328:
1323:
1312:
1308:
1307:
1301:
1299:
1295:
1291:
1287:
1283:
1282:
1277:
1276:graphic novel
1273:
1269:
1264:
1262:
1261:
1257:in his novel
1256:
1255:Peter Ackroyd
1252:
1248:
1244:
1243:Iain Sinclair
1239:
1237:
1233:
1232:
1226:
1224:
1220:
1216:
1202:
1195:
1190:
1187:
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1168:
1163:
1156:
1151:
1144:
1139:
1135:
1129:
1124:
1117:
1112:
1105:
1100:
1097:
1090:
1085:
1082:(c.1695–1710)
1081:
1075:
1070:
1069:
1063:
1061:
1057:
1053:
1049:
1043:
1041:
1037:
1030:
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1024:
1019:
1015:
1014:
1010:
1008:
1004:
1000:
996:
992:
988:
984:
982:
977:
975:
970:
966:
949:
944:
937:
932:
925:
920:
913:
908:
904:
903:Ripon Obelisk
898:
893:
892:
891:
889:
885:
884:Ripon Obelisk
881:
877:
869:
866:
865:Carrmire Gate
862:
859:
856:
855:
854:
853:. These are:
852:
851:Castle Howard
838:
832:
827:
823:
817:
812:
805:
800:
796:
790:
785:
778:
773:
769:
763:
758:
754:
748:
743:
736:
731:
727:
721:
716:
709:
704:
700:
694:
689:
682:
677:
673:
667:
662:
661:
655:
653:
648:
646:
642:
638:
634:
630:
626:
622:
618:
613:
611:
607:
603:
599:
595:
591:
590:Thomas Archer
587:
586:John Vanbrugh
583:
579:
575:
566:
557:
555:
551:
547:
543:
539:
538:George Clarke
535:
531:
527:
523:
519:
515:
511:
507:
503:
498:
496:
492:
488:
484:
480:
476:
472:
468:
458:
456:
452:
448:
444:
440:
436:
430:
427:
426:John Vanbrugh
423:
422:Castle Howard
419:
415:
411:
410:John Vanbrugh
406:
404:
400:
399:country house
396:
395:Easton Neston
386:
383:
380:'s successor
379:
375:
371:
367:
363:
359:
355:
351:
347:
342:
340:
336:
331:
327:
323:
319:
315:
311:
307:
303:
294:
292:
291:
286:
285:George Vertue
282:
278:
274:
270:
266:
262:
253:
245:
238:
233:
225:
216:
214:
213:Castle Howard
210:
206:
202:
198:
194:
193:John Vanbrugh
190:
186:
175:
166:
163:
158:
154:
150:
146:
142:
138:
134:
130:
126:
122:
121:Castle Howard
117:
116:Easton Neston
114:
110:
106:
102:
98:
94:
90:
85:25 March 1736
77:
73:
68:
57:
53:
49:
44:
37:
34:
30:
26:
22:
1871:. Retrieved
1867:The Guardian
1866:
1845:
1841:
1819:
1816:
1804:
1795:
1768:
1756:
1730:
1708:
1696:
1684:
1665:
1644:
1633:
1614:
1591:
1567:
1547:. Frontier.
1543:
1519:. Retrieved
1515:
1506:
1501:, p. 7.
1494:
1489:, p. 6.
1482:
1470:
1458:
1446:
1434:
1422:. Retrieved
1417:
1408:
1396:
1384:
1372:
1360:
1355:, p. 2.
1338:, p. 1.
1290:ritual magic
1279:
1265:
1258:
1246:
1240:
1236:Evelyn Waugh
1229:
1227:
1212:
1060:East Drayton
1045:
1040:Dr. Ratcliff
1032:
1026:
1025:appeared in
1020:
1017:
1012:
1011:
1006:
1002:
998:
994:
990:
986:
985:
980:
979:
962:
873:
848:
649:
614:
573:
571:
505:
499:
464:
431:
407:
403:Ockham House
392:
343:
300:
288:
269:East Drayton
258:
173:
172:
33:
1969:1736 deaths
1964:1661 births
1848:(7). 1979.
1721:Lee, Sidney
1499:Downes 1979
1487:Downes 1979
1475:Barnes 2004
1439:Downes 1970
1401:Berman 2010
1365:Downes 1979
1353:Downes 1979
1336:Downes 1979
1219:T. S. Eliot
1048:Westminster
999:ARCHITECTUS
770:(1716–1731)
598:James Gibbs
546:freemasonry
532:; parts of
514:James Gibbs
475:James Gibbs
443:Middle Ages
439:Renaissance
326:Northampton
320:, Bristol,
181: 1661
62: 1661
1958:Categories
1832:10036/2999
1424:8 February
1389:Tyack 1998
1318:References
1268:Alan Moore
1199:Entrance,
1013:Aetatis 75
602:John James
578:commission
451:Grand Tour
306:Nottingham
119:Mausoleum
100:Occupation
81:1736-03-25
1854:0003-8504
1805:Hawksmoor
1666:Hawksmoor
1645:Hawksmoor
1463:Hart 2002
1451:Curl 1980
1377:Doig 1979
1311:Towcester
1304:Memorials
1298:pentagram
1281:From Hell
1274:in their
1260:Hawksmoor
1203:(1733–36)
797:(1716–23)
755:(1714–29)
728:(1714–30)
701:(1714–29)
674:(1712–18)
536:with Sir
435:antiquity
366:Greenwich
339:Whitehall
199:, Wren's
112:Buildings
103:Architect
69:, England
1869:. London
1813:Journals
1707:(2002).
1695:(1924).
1613:(1980).
1589:(1995).
1565:(2008).
1247:Lud Heat
1238:(1938).
1225:(1922).
1221:'s poem
1052:Highgate
1023:obituary
965:Millbank
389:Maturity
310:Coventry
89:Millbank
1947:at the
1938:at the
1924:at the
1873:24 July
1534:Sources
1056:Shenley
633:Wapping
374:Colbert
314:Warwick
277:Ragnall
273:Ragnall
1852:
1776:
1745:
1672:
1653:
1621:
1599:
1575:
1551:
1521:1 July
1058:, and
967:from "
867:(1727)
639:; and
524:; the
522:Oxford
502:Oxford
485:, the
437:, the
382:Hewett
322:Oxford
281:Dunham
265:yeoman
237:cupola
93:London
1231:Scoop
991:Hic J
981:P M S
888:Ripon
1875:2018
1850:ISSN
1774:ISBN
1670:ISBN
1651:ISBN
1619:ISBN
1597:ISBN
1573:ISBN
1549:ISBN
1523:2021
1426:2012
1270:and
1021:His
969:Gout
863:The
416:for
356:and
324:and
318:Bath
302:Wren
219:Life
211:and
191:and
75:Died
55:Born
1828:hdl
1755:".
1309:In
1234:by
886:in
874:At
520:at
290:sic
271:or
1960::
1908:.
1865:.
1846:49
1826:.
1729:.
1719:;
1514:.
1416:.
1343:^
1326:^
1278:,
1054:,
1050:,
635:;
631:,
627:;
623:;
619:;
588:,
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556:.
493:,
489:,
457:.
352:,
348:,
341:.
316:,
312:,
308:,
279:,
207:,
203:,
178:c.
91:,
59:c.
1912:.
1877:.
1856:.
1834:.
1830::
1782:.
1678:.
1659:.
1627:.
1605:.
1581:.
1557:.
1525:.
1428:.
987:L
176:(
83:)
79:(
31:.
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