1199:
1086:
1834:
4479:
116:
4775:
86:
66:
928:
1628:
1425:
4266:
54:
123:
93:
1483:, respectively. Niʻihau is the only island where Hawaiian is spoken as a primary language. Oral tradition maintains that the Niʻihau dialect is closer to the Hawaiian register spoken during the time of contact with Europeans; there is linguistic evidence to support this claim, such as the pronunciation of k as
1449:. All residents live rent-free, and meat is free. Niʻihau has no telephone services and no paved roads. Horses are the main form of transportation; bicycles are also used. There are no power lines; solar power provides all electricity. There is no plumbing or running water on the island. Water comes from
1562:
and
English through grade 12. The school has a digital recording and video system, which helps to preserve and teach traditional Niʻihau and Hawaiian culture. At the other west Kauaʻi school, Kula Aupuni Niʻihau a Kahelelani Aloha (KANAKA), English is used in all grades, while still supporting the
1180:
Kamehameha managed to unify all of the islands by 1795, except for Kauaʻi and Niʻihau. Two attempts to conquer those islands had failed, and
Kamehameha lost many men: bodies covered the beaches on Kauaʻi's eastern shores. Finally, in 1810, Kamehameha amassed a great fleet, and Kaumualiʻi, the last
1490:
Some residents have radio and television sets, although limited reception effectively limits the latter to watching pre-recorded media. Niʻihau is subject to regular droughts that occasionally force the population to evacuate to Kauaʻi temporarily, until rainfall replenishes their water supply.
1274:
In 1915, Sinclair's grandson Aubrey
Robinson closed the island to most visitors. Even relatives of the inhabitants could visit only by special permission. Upon Aubrey's death in 1939 the island passed to his son Aylmer, and in 1968 to Aylmer's youngest brother Lester. Upon Lester's wife Helen's
608:
lies 0.7 miles (0.61 nmi; 1.1 km) north of Niʻihau. Niʻihau's dimensions are 6.2 miles by 18.6 miles (10 km × 30 km). The maximum elevation (Paniau) is 1,280 feet (390 m). The island is about 6 million years old, making it geologically older than the
1444:
The 2010 census states that there were 170 people living on the island. However, witness accounts estimate that the population actually ranges between 35 and 50 people. Some support themselves largely by subsistence fishing and farming, while others depend on
1579:. Modern missile defense tests are conducted at the site for the U.S. and its allies. The installation brings in millions of dollars a year, and provides the island with a stable economic base without the complexity of tourism or industrial development.
609:
5.8-million-year-old neighboring island of Kauaʻi to the northeast. Niʻihau is the remnant of the southwestern slope of what was once a much larger volcano. The entire summit and other slopes collapsed into the ocean in a giant prehistoric
1024:) is found in high numbers on Niʻihau's shores. Robinson states that Niʻihau's secluded shoreline offers them a safe haven from habitat encroachments. According to Robinson, conditions there are better than the government refuges of the
2392:
1745:
take place on Niʻihau, which houses a superweapon installation named Black Sun. The island is roughly portrayed correctly, and the missions also feature several fictitious smaller islands around the island of Niʻihau
1306:
had been hit crash-landed on the island hoping to rendezvous with a rescue submarine. The pilot was apprehended and later escaped with the assistance of local
Japanese residents, but he was killed shortly afterwards.
571:
personnel, government officials, and invited guests. From 1987 onward, a limited number of supervised activity tours and hunting safaris have opened to tourists. The island is currently managed by brothers Bruce and
2844:
This method developed only on Niʻihau – nowhere else in the world – and then vanished at the end of the 19th century," explains
Harburg. "It was lost until Dr. Bruce Kaʻimiloa Chrisman figured out how it was
1550:. The number of students varies from 25 to 50 since families often travel between Niʻihau and Kauaʻi. Schoolchildren may stay with relatives in west Kauaʻi, where they attend one of two Niʻihau-focused public
1165:, the King of Maui, fought for Kāʻeo, and Niʻihau was united under his rule. Kawaihoa was banished to the south end of the island and Kāʻeo moved to the middle of the island to govern. Kāʻeo married the Queen
1635:
Many residents of Niʻihau were once employees of Niʻihau Ranch, farming cattle and sheep until the
Robinsons shut down the operation in 1999. It had not been profitable for most of the 20th century.
3265:
2041:
2709:
3148:
2396:
1464:
as their first language, in part encouraged by terms in the original purchase contract which obligated the new owners to help preserve
Hawaiian culture and tradition. The Niʻihau
1563:
Niʻihau dialect. Both schools foster the culture, values, and spirituality of Niʻihau. Efforts to establish KANAKA began in 1993 and its current version was established in 1999.
1491:
Residents commonly also commute to Kauaʻi for work, medical care, or school, and many of them call both islands home. To avoid a long boat ride, the island's owners maintain an
1693:
Niʻihau's owners have offered half-day helicopter and beach tours of the island since 1987, although contact with residents is avoided and no accommodation exists. Since 1992,
2649:
4588:
1453:. The Robinson family established most of these conditions. There is no hotel, and barges deliver groceries from Kauaʻi, often purchased by relatives, with free shipping.
1654:
farming has been popular on Niʻihau, with ponds and lakes stocked with baby mullet, which reach 9–10 pounds (4.1–4.5 kg) apiece before being harvested and sold on
2963:
1187:, surrendered rather than risk further bloodshed. Independence again became feasible after Kamehameha's death in 1819, but was put down when Kamehameha's widow
3469:
2907:
1858:
3642:
Meyer, Philip A. (1998). "Niihau – Present
Circumstances and Future Requirement in an Evolving Hawaiian Community". Ni'ihau, Hawai'i: Hoomana Ia Iesu Church.
1495:
for emergencies and for transporting Navy contractors and residents to and from Kauaʻi. Helicopter tours and safaris help offset the costs of this service.
1130:
2750:
1546:, a K–12 school. Academic subjects and computer literacy are combined with teaching students to "thrive from the land". The school is powered entirely by
3781:
2569:
1028:. When the Robinsons originally purchased Niʻihau, no monk seals were present, because they lived in the northwestern part of the Hawaiian island chain,
3276:
943:, grandfather of current owners Bruce Robinson and Keith Robinson, planted 10,000 trees per year during much of his ownership of the island; Robinson's
3541:
2858:
2049:
1880:
1799:
1665:
Bruce
Robinson, Niʻihau's co-owner, is seeking and considering new forms of non-invasive income generation. Depending on feasibility, impact, and
5145:
1150:
987:
4302:
2351:
1202:
A group of villagers at Puʻuwai Beach settlement, Niʻihau in 1885. Photograph taken by
Francis Sinclair, son of Elizabeth McHutchison Sinclair.
649:, who had been told that the people of Niʻihau had abandoned the island because of a severe drought and had moved to Kauaʻi to escape famine.
5155:
5150:
4575:
2702:
3140:
2794:
1318:
installation on the island. No military personnel are permanently stationed there, but the U.S. military has used the island for training
3954:
3120:
5140:
1140:
1134:
3404:
2177:
463:
2821:
2642:
1942:
1397:
1319:
4280:
1502:
art is known to have developed solely on the island of Niʻihau. In this method, after a design is carved in the skin of a fresh
165:
2356:
L. ) in Constructed Wetlands for Weaving and Treating Wastewater: Final report for U.S. Geological Survey Grant No. 99CRGR0003"
1446:
3681:
3609:
3350:
1854:
1575:
installation atop 1,300-foot-high cliffs. Remote-controlled tracking devices are used for testing and training with Kaua'i's
1543:
951:, preserved and documented many of Niʻihau's natural plant resources. The island is designated as a critical habitat for the
637:
for its rain, when more northerly weather systems intrude into the region. As such, the island is subject to long periods of
3949:
1917:
567:
The island, known as "the Forbidden Isle", is off-limits to all outsiders except the Robinson family and their relatives,
5175:
5044:
4850:
3801:
3571:
Laracy, Hugh (September 2001). "The Sinclairs of Pigeon Bay and the Romantic 'Pre-history' of the Robinsons of Niʻihau".
115:
4295:
3786:
2956:
2674:
1741:
1149:'s land was identified by black stones and Kawaihoa's by white stones. Eventually, a great battle took place, known as
558:
5039:
2075:
4363:
4246:
3508:
3450:
3414:
3393:
3329:
3304:
3254:
3184:
3015:
2430:
2334:
2307:
2277:
2116:
1358:
1090:
573:
442:
279:
3483:
2938:
2915:
1085:
4948:
4568:
3763:
3733:
1624:(Niʻihau shell leis) from counterfeiting. A single, intricate Niʻihau shell lei can sell for thousands of dollars.
1354:
940:
542:
1198:
5029:
3934:
3094:
3040:
3600:
Licayan, Emalia; Nizo, Virginia; Kanahele, Elama (2007). Kanahele, Elama; Armitage, Kimo; NeSmith, Keao (eds.).
3264:
Mitchell, C.; C. Ogura; D.W. Meadows; A. Kane; L. Strommer; S. Fretz; D. Leonard; A. McClung (October 1, 2005).
1510:
which, after several weeks, changes the color of the uncarved portions of the surface where the skin is intact.
3858:
3695:. Vol. 1. Honolulu: Center for Pacific Islands Studies, School of Hawaiian, Asian, & Pacific Studies,
2562:
1735:
1576:
1539:
1429:
85:
3555:
2144:
4785:
4288:
4241:
4059:
3791:
3696:
3209:
1025:
963:
5135:
5054:
4463:
3878:
3546:
3474:
1217: (equivalent to about $ 190,000 in 2023) in gold. Sinclair chose Niʻihau over other options, including
5059:
4612:
4458:
2872:
2527:
1891:
1810:
1484:
1480:
1476:
5160:
5074:
4561:
2609:
2586:
2498:
2149:
1369:
497:
3518:
Conover, Adele; Gary Braasch (November 1996). "A Onetime Rancher Wages Lonely War to Save Rare Plants".
1582:
The sale of shells and shell jewelry is an additional source of income. Its beaches are known for their
5130:
4968:
4958:
4953:
4182:
3873:
3853:
3321:
3007:
1311:
517:
513:
5034:
3035:
17:
4759:
4607:
3996:
3828:
3823:
3621:
2863:
595:
524:
451:
4978:
3660:
2366:
1522:
and guitar playing is nearly ubiquitous among the islanders, and there are three separate styles of
1275:
death, the island passed to his sons Bruce Robinson and Keith Robinson, the current co-owners. (See
5170:
5165:
4963:
4310:
4119:
3919:
3888:
2439:
1276:
1229:. This era marked the end of the art of Hawaiian mat-weaving made famous by the people of Niʻihau.
3030:
1191:
kidnapped Kaumualiʻi and forced him to marry her. Thereafter Niʻihau remained part of the unified
5099:
4345:
4195:
3529:
2776:
1555:
520:
205:
1133:
was a ruler of northern Niʻihau who unified the island after defeating his rival, a chief named
4840:
4830:
4433:
4200:
4109:
4099:
3971:
3776:
3520:
3361:
2798:
2460:
2456:
2185:
1291:
1029:
564:
pilot crashed on the island and received help from the island's residents of Japanese descent.
554:
5008:
4639:
3833:
2324:
2297:
1586:, tiny shells that wash onto shore during winter months. Species used for shell leis includes
1265:
and foreign visitors alike, but by the end of the 19th century, Hawaiians had stopped weaving
4795:
4533:
4190:
4069:
3976:
3909:
3893:
3647:
2267:
1558:, students speak primarily the Niʻihau dialect through the early elementary grades, and then
1384:'s 36%. In 2008, Niʻihau's precinct was one of only 3 of Hawaiʻi's 538 precincts to vote for
1373:
1346:
948:
2751:"Keepers of the Flame: How cultural practitioners are preserving Niihau's unique traditions"
1225:. By around 1875, Niʻihau's population consisted of about 350 Native Hawaiians, with 20,000
229:
4727:
4722:
4540:
4312:
4236:
4226:
4205:
3863:
3726:
3420:
3200:
2232:
1666:
1433:
509:
267:
2643:"Profile of General Population and Housing Characteristics: 2010 Demographic Profile Data"
2189:
641:. Historical droughts on Niʻihau have been recorded several times, one in 1792 by Captain
8:
4973:
4707:
4490:
4443:
4251:
4210:
4142:
3436:
1992:
1450:
1368:
received all but one of the 40 votes cast on the island. The remaining vote was cast for
1303:
1145:) across a quarter of the island's southern end marked the boundaries of the two chiefs:
493:
153:
2236:
1950:
1750:
1177:
and Niʻihau are said to have carried the "highest blood lines" in the Hawaiian Islands.
4744:
4500:
4167:
3991:
3981:
3966:
3914:
3588:
3231:
2510:
2486:
2248:
1730:
1612:
1602:
1572:
1336:
1315:
1237:
1206:
1122:
1017:
979:
958:
953:
947:
efforts increased rainfall in the dry climate. Island co-owner Keith Robinson, a noted
610:
530:
488:
262:
4988:
4520:
1988:
1468:
differs from modern standard Hawaiian in that, for example, and are the most common
1457:
1310:
Despite its self-imposed isolation, Niʻihau has a long-standing relationship with the
328:
5049:
4983:
4800:
4664:
4398:
4388:
4373:
4074:
3929:
3883:
3848:
3818:
3771:
3677:
3630:
3605:
3592:
3504:
3446:
3410:
3389:
3346:
3325:
3300:
3250:
3223:
3180:
3011:
2617:
2514:
2426:
2330:
2303:
2273:
2122:
2112:
1837:
1559:
1461:
1246:
583:
399:
394:
4885:
1290:
Niʻihau was the site of a disturbing series of events during and not long after the
4930:
4910:
4880:
4875:
4865:
4815:
4597:
4553:
4378:
4231:
4089:
4006:
3961:
3843:
3796:
3700:
3580:
3213:
3125:
2502:
2240:
2223:
Coulter, John Wesley (1964). "Great Britain in Hawaii: The Captain Cook Monument".
1523:
1393:
1192:
1098:
1043:
991:
646:
561:
538:
467:
410:
359:
211:
4754:
3440:
5125:
5094:
4895:
4870:
4860:
4622:
4468:
4408:
4383:
4368:
4353:
4172:
4152:
4147:
4137:
4014:
3986:
3924:
3838:
3813:
3719:
3670:
3340:
3315:
3244:
3174:
3001:
2713:
2688:
2434:
2106:
1694:
1651:
1592:
1405:
1381:
1295:
1071:
972:
550:
2608:
Park, Alice; Smart, Charlie; Taylor, Rumsey; Watkins, Miles (February 2, 2021).
2540:
1322:
units, which included hiring Hawaiians who live on Niʻihau as "enemy" trackers.
5089:
5003:
4925:
4920:
4905:
4890:
4584:
4505:
4403:
2942:
1674:
1551:
1527:
1511:
1365:
1342:
1299:
1006:
479:
4993:
4631:
3584:
5119:
5104:
5064:
4915:
4764:
4635:
4453:
4438:
4423:
4418:
4413:
4393:
4358:
4334:
4270:
4162:
4157:
3634:
3227:
3170:
2621:
2418:
2362:
2293:
1918:"Volcano Watch — A geologic tour of the Hawaiian Islands: Kaua'i and Ni'ihau"
1033:
1012:
1000:
944:
578:
483:
475:
379:
180:
167:
3939:
2126:
1188:
1040:
fisheries over the past thirty years, and some have found homes on Niʻihau.
978:
Several bird species thrive on Niʻihau. The largest lakes on the island are
5084:
4825:
4717:
4448:
4428:
4127:
3619:
May, Ernest R (November 2, 1946). "They Never Leave This Real Shangri-La".
2140:
1943:"GG 103 Class 26: Regional Geology of Kau'i, Ni'ihau and NW Hawaiian chain"
1617:
1409:
1401:
1389:
1350:
1222:
1210:
1102:
546:
505:
65:
5024:
4702:
3808:
3242:
2541:"General Election 2006 – State of Hawaii – Statewide Final Summary Report"
500:
defines Niʻihau and the neighboring island and State Seabird Sanctuary of
5069:
4749:
4327:
3381:
1701:
1547:
1492:
1385:
1166:
1162:
1117:
was the first of the Niʻihau aliʻi. His name is now used to refer to the
1051:
983:
629:
of Kauaʻi and lacks the elevation needed to catch significant amounts of
626:
5079:
4654:
4617:
4900:
4805:
4079:
3944:
3704:
3537:
3235:
2252:
1515:
1271:
due to changes in population, culture, economics, and the environment.
1242:
1114:
1036:
islands. They have been relocated to the main Hawaiian island chain by
936:
935:
As an arid island, Niʻihau was barren of trees for centuries – Captain
927:
642:
634:
630:
250:
4627:
3098:
1720:. Any meat the hunters do not take with them is given to the village.
1158:
931:
View of the rugged cliffs of windward Niʻihau (the northeastern shore)
4998:
4820:
4670:
4659:
4649:
4643:
4094:
4019:
2826:
1627:
1469:
1413:
1377:
1256:
1170:
968:
568:
371:
4684:
3218:
3195:
2689:"Ni'ihau Island Today – Learn about the Forbidden Island of Ni'ihau"
2244:
1518:
singers making use of only two or three tones and changing rhythms.
1424:
1341:
The island of Niʻihau was considered as a possible location for the
466:. Its area is 69.5 square miles (180 km). Several intermittent
4132:
3753:
3263:
3243:
Macdonald, Gordon A.; Agatin T. Abbott; Frank L. Peterson (1983) .
3141:"Controversial film about Native Hawaiian war hero set for release"
2506:
1678:
1643:
1473:
541:. The island's private ownership passed on to her descendants, the
3711:
1685:
from Niʻihau's beaches, because of adverse environmental effects.
1108:
53:
4712:
4039:
3503:. Honolulu, Hawaii: University of Hawaii Press. pp. 79–102.
3275:. Final. Department of Land and Natural Resources. Archived from
2045:
1841:
1700:
provide income from tourists who pay to visit the island to hunt
1519:
1465:
1218:
1047:
995:
638:
471:
2936:
4810:
4510:
4478:
4084:
3743:
1705:
1697:
1647:
1074:
1055:
455:
255:
71:
58:
Aerial view of Niʻihau looking southwestward from the northeast
419:
4835:
4691:
4677:
4104:
4029:
4024:
3121:"Niihau, Hawaii's 'Forbidden Island,' is closed to outsiders"
3079:"Flying visitors can catch glimpse of "The Forbidden Isle"".
1713:
1655:
1640:
1636:
1503:
1437:
1226:
1174:
1067:
1050:
Ranch in recent years, roam Niʻihau's forests and flatlands.
605:
601:
501:
459:
434:
31:
1915:
1681:
energy production. Robinson has declined offers to purchase
1376:. Fifty-one registered voters did not cast ballots. In 2006
4739:
4697:
4049:
4034:
3133:
2178:"The real deal: Genuine Niihau shells have lasting quality"
1717:
1709:
1682:
1670:
1659:
1154:
1146:
1063:
1059:
1037:
622:
516:
population was 160, most of whom are native Hawaiians; its
425:
27:
Westernmost and seventh largest inhabited island in Hawaiʻi
3342:
State Names, Seals, Flags, and Symbols: A Historical Guide
3060:
2981:
2204:
3554:(6). American Heritage Publishing Company. Archived from
1571:
Approximately 80% of Niʻihau's income comes from a small
1507:
1499:
1400:, 34 votes were cast for president, of which 20 were for
2887:
1631:
Trash deposited by the ocean on a windward Niʻihau beach
3048:
2157:
1616:). The shells and jewelry are so popular that Governor
1294:
on December 7, 1941. In what has come to be called the
1209:(1800–1892) purchased Niʻihau and parts of Kauaʻi from
600:
Niʻihau is located about 18 miles (29 km) west of
3249:(2nd ed.). Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press.
2607:
1957:
537: (equivalent to about $ 190,000 in 2023) from the
3273:
Hawaii's Comprehensive Wildlife Conservation Strategy
3196:"The Avifauna of Niihau Island, Hawaiian Archipelago"
2730:
Olsen, Eric P. (October 2001). "Paradise Preserved".
1780:
1669:
on the ecosystem and culture, possibilities include:
1412:
won 43 out of the 43 ballots cast in Niʻihau against
1380:
received 60% of votes in the 2006 Senate election to
1010:(Hawaiian subspecies of Black-necked Stilt), and the
443:
416:
4583:
1969:
1935:
1768:
1677:
process; military, including a possible runway; and
576:. The people of Niʻihau are noted for their gemlike
3599:
3517:
2467:
2111:. Honolulu: Mutual Publishing Company. p. 95.
1981:
486:. The island is designated as critical habitat for
431:
413:
3669:
1392:. McCain received 35 votes, Obama received 4, and
1129:), used to make exquisite Niʻihau shell jewelry.
5117:
3536:
3295:Morgan, Joseph R. (1996). "Kaua'i and Ni'ihau".
3266:"Chapter 6: Island Conservation Needs – Niʻihau"
2610:"An Extremely Detailed Map of the 2020 Election"
2489:(December 1949). "The Memoirs of Cordell Hull".
2417:The Niʻihau Incident serves as the backdrop for
2073:
1947:School of Ocean and Earth Science and Technology
1916:Hawaiian Volcano Observatory (January 7, 2016).
1729:The final missions of the campaigns in the 2007
1255:(mats), considered the "finest sleeping mats in
1169:, and a future king of Niʻihau and Kauaʻi named
633:rainfall. Niʻihau, therefore, depends on winter
3604:. Waipahu, Hawaii: Island Heritage Publishing.
3435:
2528:Hawaii 2004 election results for precinct 16-09
2062:Partial transcript/monograph online in 12 parts
1844:(January 17, 2010). United States Census Bureau
1639:cultivation was also no longer viable by 1999.
1245:, used to grow on the edges of Niʻihau's three
458:. It is 17.5 miles (28.2 km) southwest of
2908:"Niʻihau school first in state on solar power"
1646:was once a large-scale export, but aggressive
1266:
1260:
1250:
1230:
1182:
1138:
1106:
975:, is an endangered species native to Niʻihau.
4569:
4296:
3727:
2899:
2316:
2098:
1249:. The stems were harvested and used to weave
4311:Islands, municipalities, and communities of
2343:
2035:
2033:
2031:
2029:
1526:music, with an older style originating from
3406:Niihau, the traditions of a Hawaiian island
3246:Volcanoes in the Sea: The Geology of Hawaii
3194:Fisher, Harvey I. (January–February 1951).
3179:. Honolulu, HI: Heritage Press of Pacific.
2108:Niihau: The Traditions of a Hawaiian Island
2027:
2025:
2023:
2021:
2019:
2017:
2015:
2013:
2011:
2009:
1873:
1070:. These big game herds provide income from
1016:(Hawaiian duck). The critically endangered
4576:
4562:
4303:
4289:
3734:
3720:
3403:Tava, Rerioterai; Keale, Moses K. (1998).
3345:(3 ed.). Greenwood Publishing Group.
2820:Crites, Jennifer (October–November 2007).
2723:
2677:. This American Life, 2017. March 3, 2017.
2105:Tava, Rerioterai; Keale, Moses K. (1990).
1881:"Table 5.11 – Elevations of Major Summits"
1153:. Kāʻeo's two brothers from the island of
64:
52:
3402:
3217:
3066:
3054:
2987:
2893:
2742:
2718:CRM: The Journal of Heritage Stewardship.
2701:Langlas, Charles and Kehaulani Shintani.
2451:
2449:
2286:
2210:
2163:
2104:
2086:. Ulukau, the Hawaiian Electronic Library
1800:"Table 5.08 – Land Area of Islands: 2000"
1514:plays a central role on the island, with
3467:
2999:
2993:
2905:
2856:
2850:
2797:. Kauai Visitor Magazine. Archived from
2589:. Honolulu Civil Beat. November 18, 2016
2349:
2322:
2269:Tales of the forbidden island of Niʻihau
2259:
2139:
2039:
2006:
1626:
1432:arrive at Paniau Ridge on Niʻihau in an
1423:
1349:, who had visited Hawaii in 1934. Under
1197:
1084:
926:
454:and seventh largest inhabited island in
4482:Map of Hawaii highlighting Kauai County
3690:
3338:
3313:
3169:
2774:
2587:"Who Voted For Donald Trump In Hawaii?"
2530:. Hawaii.gov. Retrieved April 21, 2006.
2222:
1890:. State of Hawaii. 2004. Archived from
1809:. State of Hawaii. 2004. Archived from
1786:
1774:
1285:
957:, an endemic and endangered species of
492:, an endemic and endangered species of
14:
5146:Extinct volcanoes of the United States
5118:
3570:
3445:. National Tropical Botanical Garden.
3380:
3359:
3294:
3193:
3087:
2937:Hawaii State Department of Education.
2906:Gehrlein, Rachel (December 15, 2007).
2819:
2813:
2795:"Niihau – Hawaii's "Forbidden Island""
2473:
2446:
1975:
1963:
1861:from the original on February 23, 2024
1792:
1650:price competition ended that as well.
971:tree named for Keith Robinson's uncle
604:, and the tiny, uninhabited island of
582:(shell lei) craftsmanship. They speak
398:
4557:
4284:
3715:
3641:
3498:
2729:
2705:Mälama ka ‘Äina: To Care For The Land
2655:from the original on October 26, 2015
2575:from the original on October 9, 2022.
2485:
2329:. University of Hawaii. p. 188.
2272:. Topgallant Publishing. p. 17.
1989:"Puuwai, HI Monthly Weather Forecast"
1723:
5156:Private islands of the United States
3667:
2969:from the original on October 9, 2022
2748:
2390:
2292:
1099:unification of the Kingdom of Hawaii
1089:Map of Yam Bay and Niʻihau, Captain
3741:
3618:
2695:
2265:
2175:
2048:(report with video). Archived from
1314:dating from 1924. There is a small
527:, the population had fallen to 84.
24:
4773:
4477:
3849:ʻŌlelo Hawaiʻi (Hawaiian Language)
3461:
3151:from the original on April 2, 2019
3036:"Governor signs Niihau shell bill"
2042:"Niihau: Past, Present and Future"
1855:"Niihau CCD, Kauai County, Hawaii"
1742:Supreme Commander: Forged Alliance
1487:. English is the second language.
1436:. The seabird sanctuary island of
922:
200:69.5 sq mi (180 km)
25:
5187:
5141:Geography of Kauai County, Hawaii
4247:Overthrow of the Hawaiian Kingdom
3386:Niʻihau, the last Hawaiian island
2775:Enomoto, Catherine Kekoa (1997).
1620:signed a bill in 2004 to protect
549:, the island was the site of the
4949:1955 Hawaiian submarine eruption
4264:
3360:Sommer, Anthony (May 14, 1999).
2749:Hitt, Catherine (May 13, 2016).
2266:Gay, Lawrence Kainoahou (1981).
2040:Mangieri, Gina (June 22, 2009).
1949:. April 10, 2004. Archived from
1361:seriously studied the proposal.
409:
121:
114:
91:
84:
5151:Hawaiian–Emperor seamount chain
5045:Hawaiian–Emperor seamount chain
5040:Hawaiʻi Volcanoes National Park
5030:Evolution of Hawaiian volcanoes
3540:; Timothy Heap (October 1962).
3442:A Chronicle and Flora of Niihau
3339:Shearer, Barbara Smith (2002).
3113:
3072:
3041:American City Business Journals
3024:
2957:"Bilingual Education At KANAKA"
2949:
2930:
2787:
2777:"Niihau: Island at a Crossroad"
2768:
2681:
2667:
2635:
2601:
2579:
2555:
2533:
2521:
2479:
2411:
2384:
2216:
2169:
2133:
2067:
1857:. United States Census Bureau.
1835:Census Tract 410, Kaua'i County
1556:Ke Kula Niʻihau o Kekaha school
122:
92:
3859:Pearl Harbor National Memorial
1909:
1888:2004 State of Hawaii Data Book
1847:
1828:
1807:2004 State of Hawaii Data Book
1753:is portrayed in the 2019 film
1577:Pacific Missile Range Facility
1540:Hawaii Department of Education
1456:Residents generally speak the
1440:can be seen in the background.
1298:(or the Battle of Niʻihau), a
1207:Elizabeth McHutchison Sinclair
1046:herds, imported from stock on
939:reported it treeless in 1778.
533:purchased Niʻihau in 1864 for
13:
1:
4242:Hawaiian sovereignty movement
3697:University of Hawaii at Manoa
3501:Beaches of Kauaʻi and Niʻihau
3210:Cooper Ornithological Society
3000:Moriarty, Linda Paik (1986).
2859:"The Lost Ipu Art of Niʻihau"
2491:The Journal of Modern History
2433:) and the opening chapter of
2350:Van Dyke, Peter (June 2001).
2302:. BiblioBazaar. p. 212.
2145:"Who Would Kill a Monk Seal?"
1761:
1673:(jet fuel) generation by the
1419:
1277:Sinclair-Robinson family tree
1026:Northwestern Hawaiian Islands
964:Pritchardia aylmer-robinsonii
915:Source: The Weather Channel
845:Average rainfall inches (mm)
5055:Hawaiian Volcano Observatory
3691:Stepien, Edward R. (1988) .
3602:Aloha Niihau: Oral Histories
3314:Nordyke, Eleanor C. (1989).
2176:Kam, Nadine (May 17, 2004).
1533:
994:lakes on the island provide
589:
46:Nickname: The Forbidden Isle
7:
3468:Barnhart, Sky (July 2008).
3439:; St. John, Harold (1990).
3297:Hawai'i: A Unique Geography
2720:Vol. 3 No. 1 (Winter 2006).
2499:University of Chicago Press
2326:Kauai: The Separate Kingdom
2150:The New York Times Magazine
1330:
1259:". The mats were valued by
1105:, Niʻihau was ruled by the
775:Mean daily minimum °F (°C)
705:Mean daily maximum °F (°C)
498:United States Census Bureau
70:Location of Niʻihau in the
10:
5192:
5176:Private islands of Oceania
4969:2022 eruption of Mauna Loa
4959:1984 eruption of Mauna Loa
4954:1975 eruption of Mauna Loa
3573:Journal of Pacific History
3499:Clark, John R. K. (1990).
3322:University of Hawaii Press
3008:University of Hawaii Press
2712:February 23, 2012, at the
1688:
1566:
1398:2016 presidential election
1334:
1325:
1080:
914:
655:
645:'s former junior officer,
616:
593:
553:, in which, following the
221:1,250 ft (381 m)
135:Show map of North Pacific
29:
5017:
4939:
4849:
4784:
4771:
4760:North Arch volcanic field
4608:South Arch volcanic field
4596:
4529:
4489:
4475:
4344:
4325:
4260:
4219:
4181:
4118:
4058:
4005:
3955:Colleges and universities
3902:
3762:
3750:
3622:The Saturday Evening Post
3585:10.1080/00223340120075560
3579:(2). Routledge: 183–199.
2323:Joesting, Edward (1988).
2074:Lloyd J. Soehren (2010).
2044:(Television production).
1058:are abundant, along with
844:
774:
704:
699:
696:
693:
690:
687:
684:
681:
678:
675:
672:
669:
666:
663:
660:
656:Climate data for Puʻuwai
621:The island is relatively
596:List of beaches in Niihau
370:
365:
355:
347:
339:
334:
324:
320:
309:
298:
294:
289:
285:
273:
261:
249:
240:
235:
225:
217:
204:
196:
159:
149:
144:
78:
63:
51:
44:
4964:2018 lower Puna eruption
3787:Discovery and settlement
3693:Niʻihau, A Brief History
3542:"Niihau a shoal of time"
3368:. Honolulu Star-Bulletin
2675:"That's Just How I Rule"
2440:In Defense of Internment
2299:The Hawaiian Archipelago
2225:The Geographical Journal
1345:headquarters in 1944 by
1121:, the puka shell of the
351:1.9/sq mi (0.73/km)
30:Not to be confused with
5100:Puna Geothermal Venture
5035:Haleakalā National Park
3668:Paul, Caroline (2007).
3530:Smithsonian Institution
3475:Maui Nō Ka ʻOi Magazine
3470:"The Flowers of Niihau"
3317:The Peopling of Hawaiʻi
2857:Bordessa, Kris (2007).
2084:in Hawaiian Place Names
1267:
1261:
1251:
1231:
1183:
1139:
1107:
625:because it lies in the
586:as a primary language.
4841:Pearl and Hermes Atoll
4778:
4483:
3655:Cite journal requires
2781:Honolulu Star-Bulletin
2461:Honolulu Star-Bulletin
2186:Honolulu Star-Bulletin
1922:U.S. Geological Survey
1632:
1493:Agusta A109 helicopter
1441:
1434:Agusta A109 helicopter
1428:Navy contractors from
1292:attack on Pearl Harbor
1203:
1094:
1022:Monachus schauinslandi
932:
555:attack on Pearl Harbor
450:), is the westernmost
366:Additional information
218:Highest elevation
4796:French Frigate Shoals
4777:
4481:
4220:Pre-statehood history
4070:French Frigate Shoals
3910:Hawaiian architecture
3409:. Mutual Publishing.
3067:Tava & Keale 1998
3055:Tava & Keale 1998
2988:Tava & Keale 1998
2894:Tava & Keale 1998
2563:"Office of Elections"
2457:"Niihau: Opening Up."
2211:Tava & Keale 1998
2164:Tava & Keale 1998
1630:
1427:
1347:Franklin D. Roosevelt
1201:
1161:and his half-brother
1088:
1004:(Hawaiian coot), the
990:. These intermittent
930:
4728:East Molokai Volcano
4723:West Molokai Volcano
4542:United States portal
4314:Kauai County, Hawaii
4237:Hawaiian Renaissance
4227:Bayonet Constitution
3676:. Harper Perennial.
3558:on February 19, 2009
3437:Wichman, Juliet Rice
3362:"Niihau: Opening Up"
3129:. November 17, 2012.
2801:on December 30, 2006
2691:. November 17, 2020.
2648:. US Census Bureau.
2399:on November 11, 2016
2393:"War History Online"
1667:ecological footprint
1506:, it is filled with
1286:the Niʻihau Incident
510:Kauai County, Hawaii
5136:Volcanoes of Hawaii
5075:Mauna Loa eruptions
4974:Keanakakoi eruption
4252:Territory of Hawaii
4120:Notable communities
3482:(4). Archived from
3176:The Niihau Incident
3101:on December 1, 2009
2875:on December 4, 2008
2487:Bemis, Samuel Flagg
2237:1964GeogJ.130..256C
1993:The Weather Channel
1739:and its expansion,
1451:rainwater catchment
1396:received 1. In the
400:[ˈniʔiˈhɐw]
177: /
154:North Pacific Ocean
41:
5161:Pliocene volcanoes
4779:
4585:Hawaiian volcanism
4484:
3699:. pp. 1–268.
3388:. Press Pacifica.
3299:. The Bess Press.
3083:. August 15, 1987.
3081:The Globe and Mail
3003:Niʻihau Shell Leis
2614:The New York Times
2543:. November 7, 2006
2354:Cyperus laevigatus
2352:"Growing Makaloa (
2192:on August 19, 2007
1953:on March 29, 2021.
1731:real-time strategy
1724:In popular culture
1712:, as well as wild
1633:
1622:lei pūpū o Niʻihau
1613:Leptothyra verruca
1603:Mitrella margarita
1442:
1364:In 2004 President
1355:Secretary of State
1337:Politics of Hawaii
1320:special operations
1247:intermittent lakes
1238:Cyperus laevigatus
1204:
1173:was born in 1790.
1127:Leptothyra verruca
1119:Niʻihau kahelelani
1095:
1018:Hawaiian monk seal
959:Hawaiian lobelioid
933:
531:Elizabeth Sinclair
494:Hawaiian lobelioid
489:Brighamia insignis
325:Largest settlement
226:Highest point
181:21.900°N 160.167°W
105:Show map of Hawaii
39:
5131:Islands of Hawaii
5113:
5112:
5060:Kīlauea eruptions
5050:Hawaiian eruption
4979:ʻAilāʻau eruption
4940:Notable eruptions
4801:Gardner Pinnacles
4551:
4550:
4459:Wailuā Homesteads
4278:
4277:
4271:Hawaii portal
3683:978-0-06-078076-0
3611:978-1-59700-209-7
3547:American Heritage
3352:978-0-313-31534-3
3147:. April 2, 2019.
3145:hawaiinewsnow.com
3069:, pp. 66–67.
2990:, pp. 36–37.
2945:on July 26, 2012.
2912:The Garden Island
2455:Sommer, Anthony.
2391:Nieuwint, Joris.
2294:Bird, Isabella L.
2213:, pp. 13–14.
1966:, pp. 10–11.
1897:on August 9, 2007
1816:on August 9, 2007
1736:Supreme Commander
1093:'s Journal, 1788.
998:habitats for the
919:
918:
539:Kingdom of Hawaii
474:habitats for the
464:Kaulakahi Channel
403:), anglicized as
388:
387:
16:(Redirected from
5183:
4816:Lisianski Island
4776:
4613:Kamaʻehuakanaloa
4578:
4571:
4564:
4555:
4554:
4543:
4536:
4480:
4337:
4330:
4320:
4315:
4305:
4298:
4291:
4282:
4281:
4269:
4268:
4267:
4232:Hawaiian Kingdom
4110:Pearl and Hermes
3844:Native Hawaiians
3736:
3729:
3722:
3713:
3712:
3708:
3687:
3675:
3664:
3658:
3653:
3651:
3643:
3638:
3615:
3596:
3567:
3565:
3563:
3533:
3514:
3495:
3493:
3491:
3486:on July 23, 2011
3456:
3432:
3430:
3428:
3419:. Archived from
3399:
3377:
3375:
3373:
3356:
3335:
3310:
3291:
3289:
3287:
3282:on June 16, 2011
3281:
3270:
3260:
3239:
3221:
3190:
3161:
3160:
3158:
3156:
3137:
3131:
3130:
3126:The Boston Globe
3117:
3111:
3110:
3108:
3106:
3097:. Archived from
3091:
3085:
3084:
3076:
3070:
3064:
3058:
3052:
3046:
3045:
3028:
3022:
3021:
2997:
2991:
2985:
2979:
2978:
2976:
2974:
2968:
2961:
2953:
2947:
2946:
2941:. Archived from
2939:"Niʻihau School"
2934:
2928:
2927:
2925:
2923:
2918:on March 1, 2017
2914:. Archived from
2903:
2897:
2891:
2885:
2884:
2882:
2880:
2871:. Archived from
2854:
2848:
2847:
2841:
2839:
2817:
2811:
2810:
2808:
2806:
2791:
2785:
2784:
2772:
2766:
2765:
2763:
2761:
2746:
2740:
2739:
2727:
2721:
2699:
2693:
2692:
2685:
2679:
2678:
2671:
2665:
2664:
2662:
2660:
2654:
2647:
2639:
2633:
2632:
2630:
2628:
2605:
2599:
2598:
2596:
2594:
2583:
2577:
2576:
2574:
2567:
2559:
2553:
2552:
2550:
2548:
2537:
2531:
2525:
2519:
2518:
2483:
2477:
2471:
2465:
2453:
2444:
2415:
2409:
2408:
2406:
2404:
2395:. Archived from
2388:
2382:
2381:
2379:
2377:
2372:on June 22, 2007
2371:
2365:. Archived from
2360:
2347:
2341:
2340:
2320:
2314:
2313:
2290:
2284:
2283:
2263:
2257:
2256:
2220:
2214:
2208:
2202:
2201:
2199:
2197:
2188:. Archived from
2173:
2167:
2161:
2155:
2154:
2137:
2131:
2130:
2102:
2096:
2095:
2093:
2091:
2071:
2065:
2064:
2059:
2057:
2052:on June 16, 2011
2037:
2004:
2003:
2001:
1999:
1985:
1979:
1973:
1967:
1961:
1955:
1954:
1939:
1933:
1932:
1930:
1928:
1913:
1907:
1906:
1904:
1902:
1896:
1885:
1877:
1871:
1870:
1868:
1866:
1851:
1845:
1832:
1826:
1825:
1823:
1821:
1815:
1804:
1796:
1790:
1784:
1778:
1772:
1751:Niʻihau Incident
1600:or rice shells (
1486:
1482:
1478:
1394:Cynthia McKinney
1359:State Department
1296:Niʻihau Incident
1270:
1264:
1254:
1234:
1216:
1193:Hawaiian Kingdom
1186:
1144:
1137:. A stone wall (
1112:
653:
652:
647:George Vancouver
551:Niʻihau incident
536:
523:was 170. At the
446:
441:
440:
437:
436:
433:
428:
427:
422:
421:
418:
415:
402:
192:
191:
189:
188:
187:
186:21.900; -160.167
182:
178:
175:
174:
173:
170:
136:
125:
124:
118:
106:
95:
94:
88:
72:state of Hawaiʻi
68:
56:
42:
38:
21:
5191:
5190:
5186:
5185:
5184:
5182:
5181:
5180:
5171:Cenozoic Hawaii
5166:Neogene Oceania
5116:
5115:
5114:
5109:
5080:Pāhoehoe (lava)
5013:
4989:Kīlauea Caldera
4941:
4935:
4852:
4845:
4787:
4780:
4774:
4769:
4599:
4592:
4582:
4552:
4547:
4541:
4534:
4525:
4492:
4485:
4473:
4340:
4335:
4328:
4321:
4318:
4313:
4309:
4279:
4274:
4265:
4263:
4256:
4215:
4177:
4114:
4061:
4054:
4001:
3898:
3814:Hawaiianization
3758:
3746:
3740:
3684:
3672:East Wind, Rain
3656:
3654:
3645:
3644:
3612:
3561:
3559:
3511:
3489:
3487:
3464:
3462:Further reading
3459:
3453:
3426:
3424:
3423:on May 24, 2013
3417:
3396:
3382:Tabrah, Ruth M.
3371:
3369:
3353:
3332:
3307:
3285:
3283:
3279:
3268:
3257:
3219:10.2307/1364585
3187:
3165:
3164:
3154:
3152:
3139:
3138:
3134:
3119:
3118:
3114:
3104:
3102:
3095:"Niihau Island"
3093:
3092:
3088:
3078:
3077:
3073:
3065:
3061:
3053:
3049:
3044:. May 24, 2004.
3034:
3029:
3025:
3018:
2998:
2994:
2986:
2982:
2972:
2970:
2966:
2959:
2955:
2954:
2950:
2935:
2931:
2921:
2919:
2904:
2900:
2892:
2888:
2878:
2876:
2855:
2851:
2837:
2835:
2818:
2814:
2804:
2802:
2793:
2792:
2788:
2773:
2769:
2759:
2757:
2755:Hawaii Magazine
2747:
2743:
2728:
2724:
2714:Wayback Machine
2700:
2696:
2687:
2686:
2682:
2673:
2672:
2668:
2658:
2656:
2652:
2645:
2641:
2640:
2636:
2626:
2624:
2606:
2602:
2592:
2590:
2585:
2584:
2580:
2572:
2565:
2561:
2560:
2556:
2546:
2544:
2539:
2538:
2534:
2526:
2522:
2484:
2480:
2472:
2468:
2464:. May 14, 1999.
2454:
2447:
2435:Michelle Malkin
2423:East Wind, Rain
2416:
2412:
2402:
2400:
2389:
2385:
2375:
2373:
2369:
2358:
2348:
2344:
2337:
2321:
2317:
2310:
2291:
2287:
2280:
2264:
2260:
2245:10.2307/1794586
2221:
2217:
2209:
2205:
2195:
2193:
2174:
2170:
2162:
2158:
2143:(May 8, 2013).
2138:
2134:
2119:
2103:
2099:
2089:
2087:
2072:
2068:
2055:
2053:
2038:
2007:
1997:
1995:
1987:
1986:
1982:
1974:
1970:
1962:
1958:
1941:
1940:
1936:
1926:
1924:
1914:
1910:
1900:
1898:
1894:
1883:
1879:
1878:
1874:
1864:
1862:
1853:
1852:
1848:
1833:
1829:
1819:
1817:
1813:
1802:
1798:
1797:
1793:
1785:
1781:
1773:
1769:
1764:
1726:
1691:
1593:Euplica varians
1569:
1552:charter schools
1536:
1458:Niʻihau dialect
1422:
1406:Hillary Clinton
1382:Cynthia Thielen
1339:
1333:
1328:
1288:
1282:
1214:
1083:
973:Aylmer Robinson
949:conservationist
941:Aubrey Robinson
925:
923:Flora and fauna
920:
909:
904:
899:
894:
889:
884:
879:
874:
869:
864:
859:
854:
849:
839:
834:
829:
824:
819:
814:
809:
804:
799:
794:
789:
784:
779:
769:
764:
759:
754:
749:
744:
739:
734:
729:
724:
719:
714:
709:
619:
598:
592:
534:
444:
430:
424:
412:
408:
384:
278:
245:
212:Hawaiian Island
185:
183:
179:
176:
171:
168:
166:
164:
163:
140:
139:
138:
137:
134:
133:
132:
131:
130:
126:
109:
108:
107:
104:
103:
102:
101:
100:
96:
74:
59:
47:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
5189:
5179:
5178:
5173:
5168:
5163:
5158:
5153:
5148:
5143:
5138:
5133:
5128:
5111:
5110:
5108:
5107:
5102:
5097:
5092:
5087:
5082:
5077:
5072:
5067:
5062:
5057:
5052:
5047:
5042:
5037:
5032:
5027:
5021:
5019:
5015:
5014:
5012:
5011:
5006:
5004:Powers Caldera
5001:
4996:
4991:
4986:
4981:
4976:
4971:
4966:
4961:
4956:
4951:
4945:
4943:
4937:
4936:
4934:
4933:
4928:
4923:
4918:
4913:
4908:
4903:
4898:
4893:
4888:
4883:
4878:
4873:
4868:
4863:
4857:
4855:
4847:
4846:
4844:
4843:
4838:
4833:
4828:
4823:
4818:
4813:
4808:
4803:
4798:
4792:
4790:
4782:
4781:
4772:
4770:
4768:
4767:
4762:
4757:
4752:
4747:
4742:
4737:
4730:
4725:
4720:
4715:
4710:
4705:
4700:
4695:
4688:
4681:
4674:
4667:
4662:
4657:
4652:
4647:
4625:
4620:
4615:
4610:
4604:
4602:
4594:
4593:
4581:
4580:
4573:
4566:
4558:
4549:
4548:
4546:
4545:
4538:
4530:
4527:
4526:
4524:
4523:
4518:
4513:
4508:
4503:
4497:
4495:
4487:
4486:
4476:
4474:
4472:
4471:
4466:
4461:
4456:
4451:
4446:
4441:
4436:
4434:Pakala Village
4431:
4426:
4421:
4416:
4411:
4406:
4401:
4396:
4391:
4386:
4381:
4376:
4371:
4366:
4361:
4356:
4350:
4348:
4342:
4341:
4326:
4323:
4322:
4308:
4307:
4300:
4293:
4285:
4276:
4275:
4261:
4258:
4257:
4255:
4254:
4249:
4244:
4239:
4234:
4229:
4223:
4221:
4217:
4216:
4214:
4213:
4208:
4203:
4198:
4193:
4187:
4185:
4179:
4178:
4176:
4175:
4170:
4165:
4160:
4155:
4150:
4145:
4140:
4135:
4130:
4124:
4122:
4116:
4115:
4113:
4112:
4107:
4102:
4097:
4092:
4087:
4082:
4077:
4072:
4066:
4064:
4056:
4055:
4053:
4052:
4047:
4042:
4037:
4032:
4027:
4022:
4017:
4011:
4009:
4003:
4002:
4000:
3999:
3994:
3989:
3984:
3979:
3974:
3969:
3964:
3959:
3958:
3957:
3947:
3942:
3937:
3932:
3927:
3922:
3920:Climate change
3917:
3912:
3906:
3904:
3900:
3899:
3897:
3896:
3891:
3889:Transportation
3886:
3881:
3876:
3871:
3870:
3869:
3856:
3851:
3846:
3841:
3836:
3834:Kūʻē Petitions
3831:
3826:
3821:
3816:
3811:
3806:
3805:
3804:
3794:
3789:
3784:
3779:
3774:
3768:
3766:
3760:
3759:
3751:
3748:
3747:
3739:
3738:
3731:
3724:
3716:
3710:
3709:
3688:
3682:
3665:
3657:|journal=
3639:
3616:
3610:
3597:
3568:
3534:
3515:
3509:
3496:
3463:
3460:
3458:
3457:
3451:
3433:
3415:
3400:
3394:
3378:
3357:
3351:
3336:
3330:
3311:
3305:
3292:
3261:
3255:
3240:
3191:
3185:
3171:Beekman, Allan
3166:
3163:
3162:
3132:
3112:
3086:
3071:
3059:
3047:
3023:
3016:
2992:
2980:
2948:
2929:
2898:
2896:, p. 105.
2886:
2849:
2812:
2786:
2767:
2741:
2722:
2694:
2680:
2666:
2634:
2600:
2578:
2554:
2532:
2520:
2507:10.1086/237294
2478:
2466:
2445:
2421:'s 2006 novel
2410:
2383:
2342:
2335:
2315:
2308:
2285:
2278:
2258:
2231:(2): 256–261.
2215:
2203:
2168:
2156:
2132:
2117:
2097:
2066:
2005:
1980:
1968:
1956:
1934:
1908:
1872:
1846:
1827:
1791:
1789:, p. 230.
1779:
1766:
1765:
1763:
1760:
1759:
1758:
1747:
1725:
1722:
1690:
1687:
1675:lignocellulose
1568:
1565:
1544:Niʻihau School
1535:
1532:
1512:Hawaiian music
1421:
1418:
1366:George W. Bush
1353:, Roosevelt's
1343:United Nations
1332:
1329:
1327:
1324:
1287:
1284:
1082:
1079:
1001:ʻalae keʻokeʻo
924:
921:
917:
916:
912:
911:
906:
901:
896:
891:
886:
881:
876:
871:
866:
861:
856:
851:
846:
842:
841:
836:
831:
826:
821:
816:
811:
806:
801:
796:
791:
786:
781:
776:
772:
771:
766:
761:
756:
751:
746:
741:
736:
731:
726:
721:
716:
711:
706:
702:
701:
698:
695:
692:
689:
686:
683:
680:
677:
674:
671:
668:
665:
662:
658:
657:
651:
618:
615:
591:
588:
574:Keith Robinson
480:Hawaiian stilt
470:lakes provide
386:
385:
383:
382:
376:
374:
368:
367:
363:
362:
357:
353:
352:
349:
345:
344:
341:
337:
336:
332:
331:
326:
322:
321:
318:
317:
311:
307:
306:
300:
296:
295:
292:
291:
287:
286:
283:
282:
280:Keith Robinson
277:Bruce Robinson
275:
271:
270:
265:
259:
258:
253:
247:
246:
241:
238:
237:
236:Administration
233:
232:
227:
223:
222:
219:
215:
214:
208:
202:
201:
198:
194:
193:
161:
157:
156:
151:
147:
146:
142:
141:
128:
127:
120:
119:
113:
112:
111:
110:
98:
97:
90:
89:
83:
82:
81:
80:
79:
76:
75:
69:
61:
60:
57:
49:
48:
45:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5188:
5177:
5174:
5172:
5169:
5167:
5164:
5162:
5159:
5157:
5154:
5152:
5149:
5147:
5144:
5142:
5139:
5137:
5134:
5132:
5129:
5127:
5124:
5123:
5121:
5106:
5105:Volcano House
5103:
5101:
5098:
5096:
5093:
5091:
5088:
5086:
5083:
5081:
5078:
5076:
5073:
5071:
5068:
5066:
5065:Lava fountain
5063:
5061:
5058:
5056:
5053:
5051:
5048:
5046:
5043:
5041:
5038:
5036:
5033:
5031:
5028:
5026:
5023:
5022:
5020:
5016:
5010:
5007:
5005:
5002:
5000:
4997:
4995:
4992:
4990:
4987:
4985:
4982:
4980:
4977:
4975:
4972:
4970:
4967:
4965:
4962:
4960:
4957:
4955:
4952:
4950:
4947:
4946:
4944:
4938:
4932:
4929:
4927:
4924:
4922:
4919:
4917:
4914:
4912:
4909:
4907:
4904:
4902:
4899:
4897:
4894:
4892:
4889:
4887:
4884:
4882:
4879:
4877:
4874:
4872:
4869:
4867:
4864:
4862:
4859:
4858:
4856:
4854:
4848:
4842:
4839:
4837:
4834:
4832:
4831:Necker Island
4829:
4827:
4824:
4822:
4819:
4817:
4814:
4812:
4809:
4807:
4804:
4802:
4799:
4797:
4794:
4793:
4791:
4789:
4783:
4766:
4763:
4761:
4758:
4756:
4753:
4751:
4748:
4746:
4743:
4741:
4738:
4736:
4735:
4731:
4729:
4726:
4724:
4721:
4719:
4716:
4714:
4711:
4709:
4706:
4704:
4701:
4699:
4696:
4694:
4693:
4689:
4687:
4686:
4682:
4680:
4679:
4675:
4673:
4672:
4668:
4666:
4663:
4661:
4658:
4656:
4653:
4651:
4648:
4645:
4641:
4637:
4636:Pauahi Crater
4633:
4629:
4626:
4624:
4621:
4619:
4616:
4614:
4611:
4609:
4606:
4605:
4603:
4601:
4595:
4590:
4586:
4579:
4574:
4572:
4567:
4565:
4560:
4559:
4556:
4544:
4539:
4537:
4535:Hawaii portal
4532:
4531:
4528:
4522:
4519:
4517:
4514:
4512:
4509:
4507:
4504:
4502:
4499:
4498:
4496:
4494:
4488:
4470:
4467:
4465:
4462:
4460:
4457:
4455:
4452:
4450:
4447:
4445:
4442:
4440:
4437:
4435:
4432:
4430:
4427:
4425:
4422:
4420:
4417:
4415:
4412:
4410:
4407:
4405:
4402:
4400:
4397:
4395:
4392:
4390:
4387:
4385:
4382:
4380:
4377:
4375:
4372:
4370:
4367:
4365:
4362:
4360:
4357:
4355:
4352:
4351:
4349:
4347:
4343:
4339:
4338:
4331:
4324:
4319:United States
4316:
4306:
4301:
4299:
4294:
4292:
4287:
4286:
4283:
4273:
4272:
4259:
4253:
4250:
4248:
4245:
4243:
4240:
4238:
4235:
4233:
4230:
4228:
4225:
4224:
4222:
4218:
4212:
4209:
4207:
4204:
4202:
4199:
4197:
4194:
4192:
4189:
4188:
4186:
4184:
4180:
4174:
4171:
4169:
4166:
4164:
4161:
4159:
4156:
4154:
4151:
4149:
4146:
4144:
4141:
4139:
4136:
4134:
4131:
4129:
4126:
4125:
4123:
4121:
4117:
4111:
4108:
4106:
4103:
4101:
4098:
4096:
4093:
4091:
4088:
4086:
4083:
4081:
4078:
4076:
4073:
4071:
4068:
4067:
4065:
4063:
4060:Northwestern
4057:
4051:
4048:
4046:
4043:
4041:
4038:
4036:
4033:
4031:
4028:
4026:
4023:
4021:
4018:
4016:
4013:
4012:
4010:
4008:
4004:
3998:
3995:
3993:
3990:
3988:
3985:
3983:
3980:
3978:
3975:
3973:
3970:
3968:
3965:
3963:
3960:
3956:
3953:
3952:
3951:
3948:
3946:
3943:
3941:
3938:
3936:
3933:
3931:
3928:
3926:
3923:
3921:
3918:
3916:
3913:
3911:
3908:
3907:
3905:
3901:
3895:
3892:
3890:
3887:
3885:
3882:
3880:
3879:State symbols
3877:
3875:
3872:
3868:
3867:
3862:
3861:
3860:
3857:
3855:
3852:
3850:
3847:
3845:
3842:
3840:
3837:
3835:
3832:
3830:
3827:
3825:
3822:
3820:
3817:
3815:
3812:
3810:
3807:
3803:
3800:
3799:
3798:
3795:
3793:
3790:
3788:
3785:
3783:
3780:
3778:
3775:
3773:
3770:
3769:
3767:
3765:
3761:
3756:
3755:
3749:
3745:
3737:
3732:
3730:
3725:
3723:
3718:
3717:
3714:
3706:
3702:
3698:
3694:
3689:
3685:
3679:
3674:
3673:
3666:
3662:
3649:
3640:
3636:
3632:
3629:(18): 28–67.
3628:
3624:
3623:
3617:
3613:
3607:
3603:
3598:
3594:
3590:
3586:
3582:
3578:
3574:
3569:
3557:
3553:
3549:
3548:
3543:
3539:
3535:
3531:
3527:
3523:
3522:
3516:
3512:
3510:0-8248-1260-3
3506:
3502:
3497:
3485:
3481:
3477:
3476:
3471:
3466:
3465:
3454:
3452:0-915809-14-1
3448:
3444:
3443:
3438:
3434:
3422:
3418:
3416:0-935180-80-X
3412:
3408:
3407:
3401:
3397:
3395:0-916630-59-5
3391:
3387:
3383:
3379:
3367:
3363:
3358:
3354:
3348:
3344:
3343:
3337:
3333:
3331:0-8248-1191-7
3327:
3323:
3319:
3318:
3312:
3308:
3306:1-57306-021-6
3302:
3298:
3293:
3278:
3274:
3267:
3262:
3258:
3256:0-8248-0832-0
3252:
3248:
3247:
3241:
3237:
3233:
3229:
3225:
3220:
3215:
3211:
3207:
3203:
3202:
3197:
3192:
3188:
3186:0-9609132-0-3
3182:
3178:
3177:
3172:
3168:
3167:
3150:
3146:
3142:
3136:
3128:
3127:
3122:
3116:
3100:
3096:
3090:
3082:
3075:
3068:
3063:
3057:, p. xv.
3056:
3051:
3043:
3042:
3037:
3032:
3031:H.B. No. 2569
3027:
3019:
3017:0-8248-0998-X
3013:
3009:
3005:
3004:
2996:
2989:
2984:
2965:
2958:
2952:
2944:
2940:
2933:
2917:
2913:
2909:
2902:
2895:
2890:
2874:
2870:
2866:
2865:
2860:
2853:
2846:
2833:
2829:
2828:
2823:
2822:"The Ipu Guy"
2816:
2800:
2796:
2790:
2782:
2778:
2771:
2756:
2752:
2745:
2737:
2733:
2732:World & I
2726:
2719:
2715:
2711:
2708:
2706:
2698:
2690:
2684:
2676:
2670:
2651:
2644:
2638:
2623:
2619:
2615:
2611:
2604:
2588:
2582:
2571:
2564:
2558:
2542:
2536:
2529:
2524:
2516:
2512:
2508:
2504:
2500:
2496:
2492:
2488:
2482:
2475:
2470:
2463:
2462:
2458:
2452:
2450:
2442:
2441:
2436:
2432:
2431:0-06-078075-4
2428:
2424:
2420:
2419:Caroline Paul
2414:
2398:
2394:
2387:
2368:
2364:
2363:Bishop Museum
2357:
2355:
2346:
2338:
2336:0-8248-1162-3
2332:
2328:
2327:
2319:
2311:
2309:1-4264-4990-9
2305:
2301:
2300:
2295:
2289:
2281:
2279:0-914916-43-2
2275:
2271:
2270:
2262:
2254:
2250:
2246:
2242:
2238:
2234:
2230:
2226:
2219:
2212:
2207:
2191:
2187:
2183:
2179:
2172:
2166:, p. 13.
2165:
2160:
2152:
2151:
2146:
2142:
2141:Mooallem, Jon
2136:
2128:
2124:
2120:
2118:9780935180800
2114:
2110:
2109:
2101:
2090:September 24,
2085:
2081:
2079:
2078:Nonopapa Lake
2070:
2063:
2051:
2047:
2043:
2036:
2034:
2032:
2030:
2028:
2026:
2024:
2022:
2020:
2018:
2016:
2014:
2012:
2010:
1994:
1990:
1984:
1978:, p. 49.
1977:
1972:
1965:
1960:
1952:
1948:
1944:
1938:
1923:
1919:
1912:
1893:
1889:
1882:
1876:
1860:
1856:
1850:
1843:
1839:
1838:Archived copy
1836:
1831:
1812:
1808:
1801:
1795:
1788:
1783:
1777:, p. 99.
1776:
1771:
1767:
1756:
1752:
1748:
1744:
1743:
1738:
1737:
1732:
1728:
1727:
1721:
1719:
1715:
1711:
1707:
1703:
1699:
1696:
1686:
1684:
1680:
1676:
1672:
1668:
1663:
1661:
1657:
1653:
1649:
1645:
1642:
1638:
1629:
1625:
1623:
1619:
1615:
1614:
1609:
1605:
1604:
1599:
1595:
1594:
1589:
1585:
1580:
1578:
1574:
1564:
1561:
1557:
1553:
1549:
1545:
1542:operates the
1541:
1531:
1529:
1525:
1521:
1517:
1513:
1509:
1505:
1501:
1496:
1494:
1488:
1475:
1471:
1467:
1463:
1459:
1454:
1452:
1448:
1439:
1435:
1431:
1426:
1417:
1415:
1411:
1407:
1403:
1399:
1395:
1391:
1387:
1383:
1379:
1375:
1371:
1367:
1362:
1360:
1356:
1352:
1348:
1344:
1338:
1323:
1321:
1317:
1313:
1312:U.S. military
1308:
1305:
1301:
1297:
1293:
1283:
1280:
1278:
1272:
1269:
1263:
1258:
1253:
1252:moena makaloa
1248:
1244:
1240:
1239:
1233:
1228:
1224:
1220:
1212:
1208:
1200:
1196:
1194:
1190:
1185:
1178:
1176:
1172:
1168:
1164:
1160:
1156:
1152:
1151:Pali Kamakaui
1148:
1143:
1142:
1136:
1132:
1128:
1124:
1120:
1116:
1111:
1110:
1104:
1100:
1097:Prior to the
1092:
1087:
1078:
1076:
1073:
1069:
1065:
1061:
1057:
1053:
1049:
1045:
1041:
1039:
1035:
1031:
1027:
1023:
1019:
1015:
1014:
1009:
1008:
1003:
1002:
997:
993:
989:
988:Nonopapa Lake
985:
981:
980:Hālaliʻi Lake
976:
974:
970:
966:
965:
960:
956:
955:
950:
946:
945:afforestation
942:
938:
929:
913:
907:
902:
897:
892:
887:
882:
877:
872:
867:
862:
857:
852:
847:
843:
837:
832:
827:
822:
817:
812:
807:
802:
797:
792:
787:
782:
777:
773:
767:
762:
757:
752:
747:
742:
737:
732:
727:
722:
717:
712:
707:
703:
659:
654:
650:
648:
644:
640:
636:
632:
628:
624:
614:
612:
607:
603:
597:
587:
585:
581:
580:
575:
570:
565:
563:
560:
559:Japanese navy
556:
552:
548:
544:
540:
532:
528:
526:
522:
519:
515:
511:
507:
503:
499:
495:
491:
490:
485:
484:Hawaiian duck
481:
477:
476:Hawaiian coot
473:
469:
465:
461:
457:
453:
449:
448:
439:
406:
401:
396:
392:
381:
380:Hawaiian Time
378:
377:
375:
373:
369:
364:
361:
358:
356:Ethnic groups
354:
350:
346:
342:
338:
333:
330:
327:
323:
319:
315:
312:
308:
305:(white shell)
304:
303:Pūpū keʻokeʻo
301:
297:
293:
288:
284:
281:
276:
272:
269:
266:
264:
260:
257:
254:
252:
248:
244:
243:United States
239:
234:
231:
230:Mount Pānīʻau
228:
224:
220:
216:
213:
209:
207:
203:
199:
195:
190:
162:
158:
155:
152:
148:
143:
117:
87:
77:
73:
67:
62:
55:
50:
43:
37:
33:
19:
5095:Pele's tears
5085:Pele (deity)
4984:Halemaʻumaʻu
4826:Midway Atoll
4733:
4732:
4718:Penguin Bank
4690:
4683:
4676:
4669:
4515:
4333:
4262:
4044:
4007:Main islands
3972:Homelessness
3940:Demographics
3865:
3777:Constitution
3752:
3692:
3671:
3648:cite journal
3626:
3620:
3601:
3576:
3572:
3560:. Retrieved
3556:the original
3551:
3545:
3525:
3519:
3500:
3488:. Retrieved
3484:the original
3479:
3473:
3441:
3425:. Retrieved
3421:the original
3405:
3385:
3370:. Retrieved
3365:
3341:
3316:
3296:
3284:. Retrieved
3277:the original
3272:
3245:
3205:
3199:
3175:
3153:. Retrieved
3144:
3135:
3124:
3115:
3103:. Retrieved
3099:the original
3089:
3080:
3074:
3062:
3050:
3039:
3033:. See also:
3026:
3002:
2995:
2983:
2971:. Retrieved
2951:
2943:the original
2932:
2922:February 21,
2920:. Retrieved
2916:the original
2911:
2901:
2889:
2877:. Retrieved
2873:the original
2868:
2862:
2852:
2843:
2836:. Retrieved
2831:
2825:
2815:
2803:. Retrieved
2799:the original
2789:
2780:
2770:
2758:. Retrieved
2754:
2744:
2735:
2731:
2725:
2717:
2704:
2697:
2683:
2669:
2657:. Retrieved
2637:
2627:November 28,
2625:. Retrieved
2613:
2603:
2591:. Retrieved
2581:
2557:
2545:. Retrieved
2535:
2523:
2494:
2490:
2481:
2476:, p. 1.
2469:
2459:
2438:
2422:
2413:
2403:November 11,
2401:. Retrieved
2397:the original
2386:
2374:. Retrieved
2367:the original
2353:
2345:
2325:
2318:
2298:
2288:
2268:
2261:
2228:
2224:
2218:
2206:
2194:. Retrieved
2190:the original
2181:
2171:
2159:
2148:
2135:
2107:
2100:
2088:. Retrieved
2083:
2077:
2076:"lookup of
2069:
2061:
2054:. Retrieved
2050:the original
1996:. Retrieved
1983:
1971:
1959:
1951:the original
1946:
1937:
1925:. Retrieved
1921:
1911:
1899:. Retrieved
1892:the original
1887:
1875:
1863:. Retrieved
1849:
1830:
1818:. Retrieved
1811:the original
1806:
1794:
1787:Shearer 2002
1782:
1775:Shearer 2002
1770:
1755:Enemy Within
1754:
1740:
1734:
1692:
1664:
1634:
1621:
1618:Linda Lingle
1611:
1607:
1601:
1597:
1591:
1587:
1583:
1581:
1570:
1537:
1497:
1489:
1470:realizations
1455:
1443:
1410:Donald Trump
1402:Donald Trump
1390:Barack Obama
1363:
1351:Cordell Hull
1340:
1309:
1302:pilot whose
1289:
1281:
1273:
1241:), a native
1236:
1223:Pearl Harbor
1213:in 1864 for
1211:Kamehameha V
1205:
1181:independent
1179:
1126:
1123:wart turbans
1118:
1103:Kamehameha I
1096:
1091:George Dixon
1042:
1021:
1011:
1005:
999:
977:
962:
952:
934:
620:
599:
577:
566:
547:World War II
529:
506:Census Tract
487:
404:
390:
389:
348:Pop. density
335:Demographics
313:
302:
242:
210:7th largest
36:
5090:Pele's hair
5070:Limu o Pele
5025:ʻAʻā (lava)
4994:Kīlauea Iki
4632:Kīlauea Iki
4493:communities
4444:Princeville
4329:County seat
4143:Kailua-Kona
3977:LGBT rights
3894:Unification
3792:Earthquakes
3782:Delegations
3705:10125/15544
3538:Daws, Gavan
3521:Smithsonian
2879:October 18,
2838:October 18,
2760:November 8,
2501:: 317–320.
2474:Tabrah 1987
1976:Tabrah 1987
1964:Tabrah 1987
1733:video game
1548:solar power
1408:. In 2020,
1404:and 10 for
1386:John McCain
1370:Green Party
1167:Kamakahelei
1163:Kahekili II
1131:Kāʻeokūlani
1013:koloa maoli
984:Halulu Lake
635:Kona storms
627:rain shadow
525:2020 census
518:2010 census
514:2000 census
462:across the
184: /
160:Coordinates
5120:Categories
4806:Kure Atoll
4671:Kahoʻolawe
4501:Halehomaha
4168:Pearl City
4020:Kahoʻolawe
3824:Hurricanes
3809:Government
3490:August 17,
3427:October 6,
3201:The Condor
3155:August 25,
2738:(10): 108.
2376:August 14,
1762:References
1608:kahelelani
1516:a cappella
1498:A form of
1420:Population
1374:David Cobb
1335:See also:
1215:US$ 10,000
1189:Kaʻahumanu
1171:Kaumualiʻi
1115:Kahelelani
1066:and feral
937:James Cook
643:James Cook
631:trade wind
594:See also:
535:US$ 10,000
521:population
482:, and the
340:Population
5009:Puʻu ʻŌʻō
4999:Mauna Ulu
4942:and vents
4871:Daikakuji
4853:Seamounts
4821:Maro Reef
4708:West Maui
4703:Haleakalā
4660:Mauna Kea
4650:Mauna Loa
4644:Mauna Ulu
4640:Puʻu ʻŌʻō
4399:Kaumakani
4389:Kalihiwai
4374:Hanamaulu
4095:Maro Reef
4090:Lisianski
3950:Education
3797:Geography
3757:(capital)
3742:State of
3635:0048-9239
3593:162334677
3286:March 23,
3228:0010-5422
3212:: 31–42.
3173:(1995) .
2827:Hana Hou!
2659:April 24,
2622:0362-4331
2515:144530543
1554:. At the
1534:Education
1524:slack-key
1414:Joe Biden
1378:Dan Akaka
1257:Polynesia
1077:tourism.
611:landslide
590:Geography
569:U.S. Navy
545:. During
543:Robinsons
447:-(ee-)how
372:Time zone
343:84 (2020)
206:Area rank
145:Geography
4765:Waiʻanae
4745:Honolulu
4713:Molokaʻi
4655:Hualālai
4618:Māhukona
4598:Windward
4587:topics (
4379:Hanapepe
4359:ʻEleʻele
4196:Honolulu
4183:Counties
4148:Kāneʻohe
4133:Honolulu
4040:Molokaʻi
3992:Politics
3982:Folklore
3967:Gun laws
3915:Abortion
3802:Seamount
3754:Honolulu
3384:(1987).
3372:July 23,
3149:Archived
3105:July 24,
2973:June 13,
2964:Archived
2805:June 19,
2710:Archived
2650:Archived
2593:March 6,
2570:Archived
2296:(2006).
2196:July 21,
2182:Features
2127:21275453
1927:June 26,
1901:July 23,
1859:Archived
1820:July 23,
1679:windmill
1644:charcoal
1560:Hawaiian
1474:phonemes
1462:Hawaiian
1372:nominee
1331:Politics
1300:Japanese
1141:Pāpōhaku
1135:Kawaihoa
1048:Molokaʻi
1044:Big game
584:Hawaiian
579:lei pūpū
395:Hawaiian
360:Hawaiian
314:Keʻokeʻo
274:Owner(s)
172:160°10′W
150:Location
4931:Yuryaku
4911:Nintoku
4881:Hancock
4876:Detroit
4866:Colahan
4851:Emperor
4786:Leeward
4755:Koʻolau
4734:Niʻihau
4628:Kīlauea
4623:Hawaiʻi
4521:Puʻuwai
4516:Niʻihau
4469:Wainiha
4409:Kilauea
4384:Kalaheo
4369:Hanalei
4354:Anahola
4201:Kalawao
4191:Hawaiʻi
4173:Waipahu
4153:Kapolei
4138:Kahului
4075:Gardner
4062:Islands
4045:Niʻihau
4015:Hawaiʻi
3945:Economy
3935:Culture
3930:Cuisine
3903:Society
3884:Tourism
3866:Arizona
3829:Islands
3819:History
3772:Outline
3236:1364585
2547:June 1,
2253:1794586
2233:Bibcode
2056:July 6,
2046:KHON-TV
1865:June 9,
1842:WebCite
1746:itself.
1698:safaris
1695:hunting
1689:Tourism
1648:Mexican
1567:Economy
1520:Ukulele
1472:of the
1466:dialect
1447:welfare
1326:Society
1268:makaloa
1232:Makaloa
1219:Waikīkī
1159:Kaʻiana
1081:History
1072:hunting
1062:, wild
996:wetland
639:drought
617:Climate
562:fighter
508:410 of
472:wetland
391:Niʻihau
329:Puʻuwai
316:(white)
290:Symbols
256:Hawaiʻi
169:21°54′N
129:Niʻihau
99:Niʻihau
40:Niʻihau
18:Niʻihau
5126:Niihau
5018:Topics
4896:Kimmei
4861:Abbott
4811:Laysan
4750:Kaʻena
4692:Lānaʻi
4685:Kaʻula
4678:Kauaʻi
4665:Kohala
4511:Kupolo
4506:Kealia
4464:Waimea
4454:Wailua
4404:Kekaha
4394:Kapaʻa
4364:Hāʻena
4206:Kauaʻi
4163:Līhuʻe
4100:Necker
4085:Laysan
4030:Lānaʻi
4025:Kauaʻi
3997:Sports
3962:Energy
3874:People
3764:Topics
3744:Hawaii
3680:
3633:
3608:
3591:
3562:May 6,
3532:: 114.
3507:
3449:
3413:
3392:
3349:
3328:
3303:
3253:
3234:
3226:
3183:
3014:
2864:Craft:
2620:
2513:
2429:
2333:
2306:
2276:
2251:
2125:
2115:
1998:May 7,
1708:, and
1706:aoudad
1656:Kauaʻi
1652:Mullet
1606:) and
1528:Kohala
1357:, the
1175:Kauaʻi
1101:under
1075:safari
1060:oryxes
1056:aoudad
1034:Midway
1030:Necker
954:ʻōlulu
910:(445)
875:(8.4)
661:Month
602:Kauaʻi
512:. Its
496:. The
478:, the
460:Kauaʻi
456:Hawaii
405:Niihau
299:Flower
268:Kauaʻi
263:County
4926:Yomei
4921:Suiko
4906:Meiji
4891:Kammu
4886:Jingū
4836:Nihoa
4788:Isles
4740:Oʻahu
4600:Isles
4491:Other
4439:Poipu
4424:Lihue
4419:Lawai
4414:Koloa
4336:Lihue
4158:Kihei
4105:Nihoa
4050:Oʻahu
3987:Media
3925:Crime
3854:Parks
3839:Music
3589:S2CID
3528:(8).
3280:(PDF)
3269:(PDF)
3232:JSTOR
3208:(1).
2967:(PDF)
2960:(PDF)
2845:done.
2653:(PDF)
2646:(PDF)
2573:(PDF)
2566:(PDF)
2511:S2CID
2497:(4).
2370:(PDF)
2359:(PDF)
2249:JSTOR
1895:(PDF)
1884:(PDF)
1814:(PDF)
1803:(PDF)
1718:boars
1714:sheep
1702:eland
1660:Oʻahu
1641:Kiawe
1637:Honey
1598:laiki
1504:gourd
1438:Lehua
1388:over
1262:aliʻi
1243:sedge
1227:sheep
1184:aliʻi
1147:Kāʻeo
1109:aliʻi
1068:sheep
1064:boars
1052:Eland
992:playa
908:17.51
905:(71)
900:(70)
895:(60)
890:(21)
885:(16)
880:(13)
870:(16)
865:(19)
860:(39)
855:(38)
850:(75)
840:(20)
835:(19)
830:(20)
825:(21)
820:(22)
815:(22)
810:(21)
805:(21)
800:(19)
795:(19)
790:(18)
785:(18)
780:(18)
770:(28)
765:(27)
760:(28)
755:(30)
750:(31)
745:(31)
740:(30)
735:(29)
730:(28)
725:(28)
720:(27)
715:(26)
710:(26)
700:Year
606:Lehua
502:Lehua
468:playa
310:Color
251:State
32:Nihoa
4916:Ojin
4901:Koko
4698:Maui
4589:list
4449:Puhi
4429:Omao
4346:CDPs
4211:Maui
4128:Hilo
4080:Kure
4035:Maui
3864:USS
3678:ISBN
3661:help
3631:ISSN
3606:ISBN
3564:2008
3505:ISBN
3492:2009
3447:ISBN
3429:2007
3411:ISBN
3390:ISBN
3374:2009
3366:News
3347:ISBN
3326:ISBN
3301:ISBN
3288:2009
3251:ISBN
3224:ISSN
3181:ISBN
3157:2023
3107:2009
3012:ISBN
2975:2021
2924:2010
2881:2007
2840:2007
2807:2007
2762:2021
2661:2017
2629:2022
2618:ISSN
2595:2017
2549:2018
2427:ISBN
2405:2016
2378:2007
2331:ISBN
2304:ISBN
2274:ISBN
2198:2007
2123:OCLC
2113:ISBN
2092:2010
2058:2010
2000:2018
1929:2023
1903:2007
1867:2022
1822:2007
1749:The
1716:and
1710:oryx
1683:sand
1671:JP-8
1658:and
1588:momi
1584:pūpū
1573:Navy
1538:The
1479:and
1430:PMRF
1316:Navy
1304:Zero
1221:and
1155:Maui
1054:and
1038:NOAA
1032:and
1007:āeʻo
986:and
969:palm
967:, a
903:2.78
898:2.74
893:2.35
888:0.84
883:0.62
878:0.50
873:0.33
868:0.63
863:0.75
858:1.53
853:1.48
848:2.96
697:Dec
694:Nov
691:Oct
688:Sep
685:Aug
682:Jul
679:Jun
676:May
673:Apr
670:Mar
667:Feb
664:Jan
623:arid
557:, a
452:main
197:Area
3701:hdl
3627:219
3581:doi
3214:doi
2834:(5)
2503:doi
2437:'s
2241:doi
2229:130
1840:at
1596:),
1508:dye
1500:ipu
1485:/t/
1481:/l/
1477:/k/
1460:of
504:as
445:NEE
5122::
4642:,
4638:,
4634:,
4332::
4317:,
3652::
3650:}}
3646:{{
3625:.
3587:.
3577:36
3575:.
3552:14
3550:.
3544:.
3526:27
3524:.
3480:12
3478:.
3472:.
3364:.
3324:.
3320:.
3271:.
3230:.
3222:.
3206:53
3204:.
3198:.
3143:.
3123:.
3038:.
3010:.
3006:.
2962:.
2910:.
2867:.
2861:.
2842:.
2832:10
2830:.
2824:.
2779:.
2753:.
2736:16
2734:.
2716:.
2616:.
2612:.
2568:.
2509:.
2495:21
2493:.
2448:^
2361:.
2247:.
2239:.
2227:.
2184:.
2180:.
2147:.
2121:.
2082:.
2060:.
2008:^
1991:.
1945:.
1920:.
1886:.
1805:.
1704:,
1662:.
1530:.
1416:.
1279:)
1195:.
1157:,
1113:.
982:,
961:.
838:68
833:66
828:68
823:70
818:71
813:71
808:70
803:69
798:67
793:66
788:65
783:65
778:65
768:83
763:81
758:83
753:86
748:87
743:87
738:86
733:85
728:83
723:82
718:81
713:79
708:79
613:.
435:aʊ
420:iː
397::
4646:)
4630:(
4591:)
4577:e
4570:t
4563:v
4304:e
4297:t
4290:v
3735:e
3728:t
3721:v
3707:.
3703::
3686:.
3663:)
3659:(
3637:.
3614:.
3595:.
3583::
3566:.
3513:.
3494:.
3455:.
3431:.
3398:.
3376:.
3355:.
3334:.
3309:.
3290:.
3259:.
3238:.
3216::
3189:.
3159:.
3109:.
3020:.
2977:.
2926:.
2883:.
2869:4
2809:.
2783:.
2764:.
2707:"
2703:"
2663:.
2631:.
2597:.
2551:.
2517:.
2505::
2443:.
2425:(
2407:.
2380:.
2339:.
2312:.
2282:.
2255:.
2243::
2235::
2200:.
2153:.
2129:.
2094:.
2080:"
2002:.
1931:.
1905:.
1869:.
1824:.
1757:.
1610:(
1590:(
1235:(
1125:(
1020:(
438:/
432:h
429:)
426:i
423:(
417:n
414:ˈ
411:/
407:(
393:(
34:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
