2673:
1071:
3513:. Activists destroyed settlers' farm fences and ploughed up roads and land, which incensed local farmers. Arrests followed but the activities persisted. Fears grew among settlers that the resistance campaign was a prelude to armed conflict. The Government itself was puzzled as to why the land had been confiscated and offered a huge 25,000-acre reserve to the activists, provided they stopped the destruction. Commissioners set up to investigate the issue said that the activities "could fairly be called hostile". A power struggle ensued resulting in the arrest of all the prominent leaders by a large government force in 1881. Historian Hazel Riseborough describes the event as a conflict over who had authority or
3306:
3523:
3326:
30:
2867:
3416:
2645:
1387:
2617:
2595:
3646:
3345:
51:
7961:
1259:
4008:
664:
4022:
3035:
2538:
2522:
2369:
2163:
2146:
2011:
1975:
1922:
1905:
1824:
1807:
1783:
1767:
1750:
1727:
1711:
1694:
1671:
1655:
1638:
1615:
1599:
1582:
1559:
1543:
1526:
1503:
1487:
1470:
2177:
2034:
1989:
1958:
1936:
1838:
3435:, a colonial governor and his small staff acted on behalf of the British Government based on the British political system. Whereas Māori systems had dominated prior to 1840, governors attempting to introduce British systems met with mixed success in Māori communities. More isolated Māori were little influenced by the Government. Most influences were felt in and around
3828:. The MMP system was expected (among numerous other goals) to increase representation of smaller parties in Parliament and appears to have done so in the MMP elections to date. Between 1996 and 2020, neither National nor Labour had an absolute majority in Parliament, and for all but two of those years a
7719:
3954:
in the House of
Representatives, while Labour greatly increased its proportion of the vote and number of seats. Following negotiations between the major and minor parties, Labour formed a minority government after securing a coalition arrangement with New Zealand First. The new government also agreed
3603:
and many more. Since colonisation in the 1800s, Māori have had their customary laws oppressed, with the imposition of a
Westminster democracy and political style. As reparations from the colonial war and general discrepancies during colonisation, the New Zealand Government has formally apologised to
3930:
his deputy. This arrangement conformed to a tradition of having a north–south split in the major parties' leadership, as Key's residence is in
Auckland and English's electorate is in the South Island. On 12 December 2016, English was elected as leader, and thus prime minister, by the National Party
3610:
affected, through settlements and legislation. In the 1960s Māori
Politics Relations began to exhibit more positivity. The legislature enacted a law to help Māori retrieve back their land, not hinder them, through the Māori Affairs Amendment Act 1967. Since then, this progressive change in attitude
1279:
from that point until the adoption of MMP in 1996. Since then New
Zealand has been a multi-party system, with at least five parties elected in every general election since. By rarely producing an overall majority for one party, MMP also ensures that parties need to come to an agreement with other
3819:
In
October 1990, the National Party again formed a government, for the first of three three-year terms. Despite promises to halt the unpopular reform process, the new National government largely advanced the free-market policies of the preceding government. Public disillusionment resulting from
3490:
at Eureka. Many gold miners had moved to the New
Zealand fields bringing their radical ideas. The extended franchise was modelled on the Victorian system. In 1863 the mining franchise was extended to goldfield business owners. In 1870, the number of registered voters was only 41,500, but an
3792:
The greatest challenge to the first and later Labour governments' policies on the welfare state and a regulated economy that combined state and private enterprise came from the Labour Party itself. After regaining control in 1984, the fourth Labour government instituted a series of radical
2579:
as a public policy concern. To address this, specific regulations have been implemented to set limits on foreign donations, ensuring that they do not exceed NZ$ 50 and placing restrictions on anonymous donations, which are limited to a maximum of NZ$ 1,500. These limitations aim to promote
1284:" emerged as MPs increasingly switched their party allegiance while in Parliament, prompting the implementation of a 2001 law mandating the resignation of waka-jumping MPs; this legislation expired in 2005, but a renewed effort to prevent waka-jumping emerged with the passage of the
3550:
to break the influence of the wealthy conservative sheep farm owners. They also purchased more land from Māori. (By 1910, Māori in parts of the North Island retained very little land, and the amount of Māori land would decrease precipitously as a result of government purchases.)
2942:
from the executive government. Judges are appointed according to their qualifications, personal qualities, and relevant experience. A judge may not be removed from office except by the attorney-general upon an address of the House of
Representatives for proved misbehaviour.
3967:
and gained an overall majority of seats in
Parliament, sufficient to govern alone—a first under the MMP system. Labour's coalition partner New Zealand First lost its representation in Parliament. Ardern's government was sworn in for a second term on 6 November 2020.
3611:
has materialised as legislation to protect the natural environment or Taonga, and the courts by establishing treaty principles that always have to be considered when deciding laws in the courts. Moreover, the Māori Lands Act 2016 was printed both in
3466:
was relatively liberal in New
Zealand compared to Britain, such that by the late 1850s 75% of adult New Zealand European males were eligible to vote, compared to 20% in England and 12% in Scotland. Around 100 Māori chiefs voted in the 1853 election.
2806:
may be formed between parties; even if a single party or coalition lacks a majority, it can form a Cabinet with agreed confidence and supply from minor parties. After a government is formed, it also requires practical support from a majority for
3238:
is a real and ongoing socioeconomic issue, exemplified by Māori overrepresentation in the criminal justice system, comprising 45% of convicted individuals and 53% of those imprisoned. Political redress for historical grievances is also ongoing
5228:
3776:
have dominated New Zealand political life since a Labour government came to power in 1935. During fourteen years in office (1935–1949), the Labour Party implemented a broad array of social and economic legislation, including comprehensive
3898:
on 17 September 2005, negotiations between parties culminated in Clark announcing a third consecutive term of Labour-led government. The Labour Party again formed a coalition with the Progressive Party, with confidence and supply from
859:, which is the main decision-making body of the Government. It is headed by the prime minister, who is the most senior minister formally appointed by the governor-general. Other ministers are appointed by the governor-general on the
3305:
3922:, the Māori Party and United Future. This arrangement allowed National to decrease its reliance on the right-wing ACT party, whose free-market policies are sometimes controversial with the greater New Zealand public. In 2008,
3789:. The National Party won control of the government in 1949, accepting most of Labour's welfare measures. Except for two brief periods of Labour governments in 1957–1960 and 1972–1975, National held power until 1984.
2986:—local government has only the powers conferred upon it by the national Parliament. These powers have traditionally been distinctly fewer than in some other countries; for example, police and education are run by
3680:, with a high 85% turnout (compared to 70% of men). The achievement of women's suffrage in New Zealand was groundbreaking, as most other democracies did not grant women the right to vote until after World War I.
3676:, signed a new Electoral Act into law. As a result, New Zealand became the first self-governing nation in the world in which all women had the right to vote in parliamentary elections. Women first voted in the
3983:
saw the worst defeat of a sitting government since the introduction of the MMP system, with Labour losing nearly half of its seats. Subsequently, National, ACT and New Zealand First formed the country's first
2782:
leader of New Zealand, exercises executive functions that are formally vested in the sovereign (by way of the prerogative powers). Ministers within Cabinet make major decisions collectively, and are therefore
3574:
is often regarded as the birthplace of the labour movement in New Zealand, as it was the location of the founding of one of the main political organisations which became part of the New Zealand Labour Party.
3299:) are manifestations of this. From the 1990s New Zealand's anti-nuclear position has become a key element of government policy (irrespective of party) and of the country's "distinctive political identity".
1243:
roll. However, Māori may choose to vote in and to run for the non-reserved electorates and for the party list (since 1996), and as a result many have now entered Parliament outside of the reserved seats.
3533:
In 1882 the export of meat in the first refrigerated ship started a period of sustained economic export-led growth. This period is notable for the influence of new social ideas and movements such as the
3759:
3755:
7747:
3761:
3757:
3509:
hit, resulting in poverty and many people, especially miners, returning to Australia. Between 1879 and 1881 Government was concerned at the activities of Māori activists based on confiscated land at
3753:
7783:
3760:
3756:
3751:
3762:
3758:
3754:
2736:
Since the King is not usually resident in New Zealand, the functions of the sovereign are delegated to their representative, the governor-general. As of 2021, the incumbent Governor-General is
839:. Although an integral part of the process of government, the King and his governor-general remain politically neutral and are not personally involved in the everyday aspects of governing. The
3752:
2990:. Local government is established by statute, with the first Municipal Corporations Act having been passed by the Legislative Council in 1842. Local governance is currently defined by the
2919:. The High Court deals with serious criminal offences and civil matters, and hears appeals from subordinate courts. The Court of Appeal hears appeals from the High Court on points of law.
4971:
3870:, a party to the left of Labour. The coalition partners pioneered "agree to disagree" procedures to manage policy differences. The minority government often relied on support from the
3325:
4070:
3486:
era starting 1858 suffrage was extended to all British gold miners who owned a 1-pound mining license. The conservatives had been influenced by the militant action of gold miners in
2926:, the head of the judiciary, presides over the Supreme Court, and is appointed by the governor-general on the advice of the prime minister. As of 2019 the incumbent Chief Justice is
2760:
the governor-general on the exercising of the prerogative powers. Members of the Executive Council are required to be members of Parliament (MPs), and most are also in the Cabinet.
4621:
3802:
3797:-oriented reforms. It privatised state assets and reduced the role of the state in the economy. It also instituted a number of other more left-wing reforms, such as allowing the
8653:
3230:
Human rights remain a central focus in New Zealand politics, with a strong commitment to ensuring the protection and promotion of individual freedoms and equality. However, the
2794:
to be formed, typically following a general election, it must be able to command the support of the majority of MPs in the House of Representatives. This entails having their
4509:
7064:
7610:
3171:, that has wide public and political support. New Zealand is regarded as one of the most honest countries in the world, and it was ranked first in the world in 2017 for
1112:. As in many other parliamentary systems of government, the executive (called "the Government") is drawn from and is answerable to Parliament—for example, a successful
7927:
3344:
6346:
5455:
5092:
6928:
8348:
6275:
2964:. In interpreting common law, the courts have endeavoured to preserve uniformity with common law as interpreted in the United Kingdom and related jurisdictions.
5765:
3764:
3079:
2838:, which scrutinises the actions of the Cabinet led by the prime minister. The Opposition within Parliament helps to hold the Government to account by means of
2819:(although this view has been criticised as being simplistic when applied to coalition arrangements). The National Party won the largest number of seats in the
1213:(MMP) system since 1996. Under MMP, each member of Parliament is either directly elected by voters in a single-member district via FPP or appointed from their
7090:
5733:
5357:
1162:(district) that received the most votes was elected to the House of Representatives. The only deviation from the FPP system during this time occurred in the
3702:
New Zealand was the first country in the world in which all the highest offices were occupied by women, between March 2005 and August 2006: the Sovereign
7775:
5842:
4347:
3715:
1008:
485:
212:
4918:
9234:
8829:
6398:
4060:
6476:
701:
7583:
3122:
1370:
7949:
6163:
5708:
9346:
8542:
8449:
8378:
8368:
5438:
4369:
3155:
Political change in New Zealand has been gradual and pragmatic, rather than revolutionary. The nation's approach to governance has emphasised
8358:
7480:
4946:
6373:
1104:, or MPs. Parliament is elected for a maximum term of three years, although an election may be called earlier in exceptional circumstances.
8741:
7428:
5712:
3887:
3848:
916:
5145:
8373:
8363:
2961:
7957:
3502:
and extended the franchise to all Māori men over 21 in 1867. As such, Māori were universally franchised 12 years prior to European men.
8403:
8018:
7995:
3099:
526:
508:
504:
176:
6328:
4874:
8398:
8388:
8383:
4569:
4055:
2088:
490:
3133:), New Zealand has maintained good working relations with the United States and Australia on a broad array of international issues.
2580:
transparency and accountability in the political process by curbing the potential influence of foreign and anonymous contributions.
9577:
9456:
9269:
9126:
8693:
8444:
5334:
4040:
3985:
3561:
3235:
3106:
2718:
1285:
1253:
802:
243:
136:
99:
7532:
7402:
6799:
943:
in New Zealand: the executive (the Sovereign and the Executive Council), the legislature (Parliament) and the judiciary (Courts).
9276:
8658:
8514:
8454:
8434:
5198:
4291:
4239:
4045:
2912:
2741:
1272:
The first organised political party in New Zealand was founded in 1891, and its main rival was founded in 1909—New Zealand had a
848:
147:
6451:
3195:
to land) would be upheld in New Zealand. The nation's history, such as the legacy of the British colonial rule evidenced in the
9286:
9085:
8416:
7666:
4896:
4479:
3936:
3867:
3495:
3285:
3281:
2831:
460:
158:
674:
8283:
7899:
7872:
7853:
7638:
7463:
7041:
3669:
694:
573:
3391:
Prior to New Zealand becoming a British colony in 1840, politics in New Zealand was dominated by Māori chiefs as leaders of
9223:
8411:
8393:
8353:
3940:
3475:
3130:
3091:
3043:
2133:
1378:
1056:
912:
782:
568:
207:
17:
8481:
8439:
7942:
6730:
6350:
5422:
4189:
3871:
3731:
After the 2020 election, women made up half of the 120 MPs in the House of Representatives, marking the highest level of
3231:
3114:
1569:
1332:
928:
2672:
8899:
8824:
8471:
7977:
4904:
4264:
3835:
MMP parliaments have been markedly more diverse, with greater representation of women, and ethnic minorities and other
3634:
3125:
goes to these countries and many Pacific people migrate to New Zealand for employment. Despite the 1986 rupture in the
3083:
1363:
588:
539:
265:
5971:
2938:. Judges and judicial officers are appointed non-politically and under strict rules regarding tenure to help maintain
9393:
9214:
8871:
8263:
8258:
8253:
8248:
8243:
8238:
8233:
8228:
8223:
8218:
8213:
8208:
8203:
8198:
8193:
8188:
8183:
8178:
8173:
8168:
8163:
8158:
8153:
8148:
8143:
8138:
8133:
8128:
8123:
8118:
8113:
8108:
8103:
8098:
8093:
8088:
8083:
8078:
8073:
8068:
8063:
8058:
8053:
8048:
8043:
8038:
8033:
8028:
8023:
8013:
8000:
7990:
7985:
7821:
6735:
6671:
The New Zealand Wars: a History of the Maori Campaigns and the Pioneering Period. Volume II: The Hauhau Wars, 1864–72
6539:
6028:
5020:
4771:
4325:
4065:
3980:
3960:
3947:
3915:
3895:
3875:
3855:
3801:
to hear claims of breaches of the Treaty of Waitangi to be made back to 1840. In 1987, the government introduced the
3684:
3677:
3451:
3063:
2827:
2820:
2784:
1266:
1226:
1206:
1198:
1194:
1167:
1163:
1147:
1143:
1109:
1028:
932:
920:
563:
292:
287:
282:
277:
223:
6226:
5740:
9719:
9461:
9331:
9229:
9153:
9138:
8936:
8801:
8734:
8698:
8557:
8476:
8323:
8318:
8313:
8308:
8303:
8298:
8293:
8288:
6976:
5509:
5172:
3673:
3375:
3361:
3357:
3262:
3188:
3051:
3029:
2823:
and, following negotiations, formed a majority three-party coalition government with the ACT and NZ First parties.
2753:
2570:
1945:
1090:
794:
687:
627:
622:
478:
404:
334:
319:
314:
309:
304:
171:
3824:. In 1996, New Zealand inaugurated the new electoral system (mixed-member proportional representation, or MMP) to
3600:
3386:
1323:
tendencies. Other smaller parties represented in Parliament, following the October 2023 general election, are the
9660:
9424:
9264:
9257:
9121:
9072:
8786:
8781:
8771:
7125:
5686:
5308:
4268:
4050:
3825:
3821:
3744:
3017:
2973:
2935:
2791:
2651:
1202:
1137:
1060:
992:
822:
798:
786:
465:
448:
399:
258:
253:
132:
95:
6424:
3474:-based government was the norm. Provincial councils were abolished in 1876. Politics was initially dominated by
9645:
9640:
9478:
9192:
9158:
8946:
8941:
8914:
8796:
8275:
7935:
7537:
6874:
5945:
5608:
3332:
3254:
2997:
2931:
2886:
2861:
2714:
870:
New Zealand was the sixth-most electoral democratic country in the world in 2023. The country ranks highly for
370:
5633:
4178:
9408:
9281:
8978:
8958:
8951:
8894:
8708:
7569:
7506:
7003:
3973:
3879:
3806:
3266:
2900:
2767:
2679:
1108:
is nearly universal for permanent residents eighteen years of age and older, women having gained the vote in
763:
650:
388:
154:
5531:
4454:
3886:
party. Helen Clark remained prime minister. In early 2004, Labour came under attack for its policies on the
9366:
9351:
9319:
9180:
9175:
8884:
8668:
8648:
8620:
8577:
7120:
5838:
4431:
3722:
3596:
3172:
2923:
2879:
2835:
1236:
1074:
1064:
940:
875:
598:
359:
354:
6849:
5863:
4400:
9600:
9567:
9493:
9451:
9441:
9373:
9148:
9111:
8879:
8844:
8727:
8587:
8507:
6612:
3208:
3200:
3150:
3142:
907:
constitution; the constitutional framework consists of a mixture of various documents (including certain
887:
860:
727:
516:
195:
63:
5915:
4540:
4112:
This arrangement is best described by the saying that 'while the Sovereign reigns, the Government rules.
3494:
After the brief Land War period ending in 1864, Parliament moved to extend the franchise to more Māori.
2795:
1225:, as is currently the case (as of December 2023). In the first eight elections under MMP, from 1996 to
9503:
9314:
9163:
8904:
8776:
8688:
8643:
8333:
7969:
4321:
4153:
3769:
3258:
3176:
3164:
3054:
and 95 consulates abroad, and holds relations with about 150 countries. New Zealand is involved in the
1457:
1296:
1183:
1151:
1018:
814:
531:
329:
7234:
5553:
4852:
3109:
and had few bilateral relations with other countries. In the later 20th century, relationships in the
9665:
9630:
9528:
9508:
9488:
9473:
9204:
8683:
8663:
7748:"Chris Hipkins sworn in as Prime Minister, Carmel Sepuloni as deputy, Jacinda Ardern vacates top job"
3539:
3515:
3146:
3095:
2991:
2893:
2745:
1210:
1193:
Public criticism of the FPP system began in the 1950s and intensified after Labour lost elections in
1117:
383:
5481:
3590:
939:
and can be overturned by Parliament with a simple majority. The Constitution Act 1986 describes the
9513:
9468:
9403:
9170:
9116:
8963:
8858:
7965:
7116:
6902:
6756:
6347:"A fair go for all? Rite tahi tätou katoa? Addressing Structural Discrimination in Public Services"
5677:
5482:"The Relationship between the Government and the Opposition or Minority Parties in Selected Places"
5401:
overnment bills, introduced by ministers to advance the policies of the governing party or parties.
5257:
4823:
3840:
3773:
3699:
became the first female cabinet minister in 1947, being appointed to the First Labour Government.
3471:
3117:, whose foreign policy followed a similar historical trend. In turn, many Pacific Islands (such as
3009:
2855:
1513:
1304:
1292:
1187:
1133:
810:
790:
603:
558:
347:
236:
8005:
5999:
1085:. They have to go through a process of approval by the House and governor-general before becoming
9572:
9540:
9436:
9388:
9209:
8839:
4678:
4035:
3547:
3336:
3276:
The idea of serving as a moral example to the world has been an important element of New Zealand
3270:
3075:
2843:
2839:
2757:
2722:
2576:
2186:
1793:
1344:
1159:
1113:
977:
897:
871:
867:
747:
735:
593:
583:
248:
80:
7611:"Jacinda Ardern is next prime minister of New Zealand, Winston Peters confirms – as it happened"
7357:
7260:
6824:
5766:"Local Electoral Act 2001 No 35 (as at 21 March 2017), Public Act 10 Triennial general election"
1070:
9684:
9620:
9592:
9498:
9398:
9383:
9361:
9302:
9252:
9244:
9219:
9143:
9080:
9051:
8909:
8889:
8759:
8500:
7752:
7724:
7008:
6306:
5233:
5150:
4785:...in New Zealand politics, by the centre-left Labour Party and the centre-right National Party
4626:
3943:, thus continuing the tradition. This north–south arrangement ceased with the next government.
3571:
3463:
3440:
3001:
2908:
2763:
2589:
2348:
1175:
952:
901:
856:
852:
840:
828:
774:
578:
455:
189:
142:
125:
7031:
5010:
4761:
3522:
1311:
principles in its platform and legislation, while National has generally positioned itself as
9610:
9483:
9356:
9341:
9131:
9006:
9001:
8834:
8537:
3312:
3204:
3055:
3013:
3005:
2939:
2808:
2599:
1101:
924:
6332:
6302:
3955:
a confidence-and-supply arrangement with the Green Party. On 26 October 2017, Labour leader
3292:
atoll in the 1970s, and popular support for New Zealand's anti-nuclear policy in the 1980s (
29:
9693:
9655:
9650:
9635:
9582:
9560:
9446:
8968:
8931:
8552:
6164:"As the rest of the world slides further right, New Zealand is a haven of liberal politics"
4736:
3640:
3555:
3436:
3071:
2916:
2803:
2775:
2729:"—are mostly exercised through the government of the day. These include the power to enact
2725:". The King's role is largely ceremonial, and his residual powers—called collectively the "
2231:
1998:
1201:
despite having more overall votes than National. An indicative (non-binding) referendum to
521:
112:
7720:"Election results 2020: Winston Peters concedes defeat – 'wait and see' for his next move"
4573:
4313:
3499:
2866:
2721:, and all Charles III's official business in New Zealand is conducted in the name of the "
1232:
8:
9615:
9535:
9523:
9021:
9016:
8703:
8602:
8523:
6276:"New Zealand rated world's second most democratic country by Economist Intelligence Unit"
5813:
5283:
5047:
3843:
was the first of several New Zealand MPs to be elected as an openly gay person. In 1999,
3829:
3732:
3506:
3250:
3216:
2957:
2623:
2453:
818:
376:
6024:
5655:
3832:
ruled (however, every government has been led by one or other of the two main parties).
2930:. All other superior court judges are appointed on the advice of the chief justice, the
420:
9698:
9336:
9187:
8814:
8678:
8597:
7813:
The Queen's Other Realms: The Crown and Its Legacy in Australia, Canada and New Zealand
7215:
5432:
5067:
4013:
3964:
3951:
3703:
3487:
3432:
3420:
3196:
3168:
2987:
2812:
1737:
1352:
1086:
1048:
904:
806:
767:
739:
668:
435:
202:
7921:
7915:
7091:"Election 2020: 'Historical high' – New Zealand Parliament readies for more diversity"
6791:
6504:
6102:
5583:
3665:
8592:
8582:
8572:
8562:
7895:
7868:
7849:
7817:
7459:
7377:
7304:
7219:
7037:
6954:
6535:
6481:
5418:
5071:
5016:
4827:
4767:
4234:
3989:
3904:
3813:
3798:
3707:
3692:
3691:
stood. The first woman to win an election (to the seat held by her late husband) was
3660:
Women's suffrage was granted after about two decades of campaigning by women such as
3567:
3479:
3415:
3277:
3059:
2956:, certain statutes of the United Kingdom Parliament enacted before 1947 (notably the
2771:
2726:
2685:
1847:
1681:
1444:
1424:
1340:
1328:
1308:
1179:
936:
908:
778:
425:
164:
9518:
9199:
7331:
7286:
6195:"Parliamentary government in New Zealand: Lines of continuity and moments of change"
4732:
3584:
3424:
719:
645:
9324:
9031:
8819:
8673:
8625:
8547:
7369:
7207:
6249:
6206:
6137:
6076:
6050:
5059:
4798:
4487:
3192:
3160:
3067:
2927:
2276:
1386:
1336:
1276:
1218:
1171:
1155:
1121:
927:. Constitutional rights are protected under common law and are strengthened by the
363:
9625:
8791:
5889:
5656:"An Introduction to New Zealand Law & Sources of Legal Information – GlobaLex"
5206:
5118:
4426:
9605:
9550:
7845:
7811:
7692:
6280:
6168:
4703:
4596:
4027:
3919:
3778:
3718:
3459:
3212:
2946:
2657:
1625:
1324:
9555:
7776:"'Devastating defeat': How the world reacted to the New Zealand election result"
6644:
6587:
6560:
4128:
3645:
3614:
2644:
1356:
1240:
9545:
7177:
7151:
6774:
5922:. New Zealand History Online / Ministry for Culture and Heritage. 5 August 2014
5681:
3956:
3900:
3844:
3836:
3820:
perceived "broken promises" of the previous two governments fuelled demand for
3688:
3543:
3526:
3156:
3087:
2752:
after passage by the House of Representatives. The governor-general chairs the
2616:
1013:
494:
216:
7211:
5063:
3891:
3319:. New Zealand's foreign policy is often symbolised by its anti-nuclear stance.
3224:
789:
when not present in the country himself. Members of Parliament (MPs) are each
50:
9713:
7381:
7198:
Mitchell, Austin (March 2005). "Roger's Revolution: Blitzkrieg in Kiwiland".
5385:
4707:
4653:
4095:
3993:
3969:
3932:
3890:, eventually culminating in the establishment of a new break-away party, the
3883:
3661:
3649:
3595:
Māori political affairs have been developing through legislation such as the
3220:
2979:
2710:
2509:
1222:
1052:
893:
759:
731:
7560:
7358:"Representing Diversity in Mixed Electoral Systems: The Case of New Zealand"
6725:
3959:
was sworn in as prime minister and Winston Peters became her deputy. In the
3683:
Women were not eligible to be elected to the House of Representatives until
3546:
from Lancashire, was premier from 1893 to 1906. The Liberals introduced new
9026:
9011:
8991:
8924:
8919:
7615:
4923:
4622:"The $ 5m cost of Parliament's 3 overhang MPs – and how only 29% is salary"
4149:
3927:
3863:
3782:
3696:
3110:
2749:
2575:
In recent years, there has been a growing recognition of the importance of
1320:
1312:
1281:
1033:
847:
on behalf of and by the consent of the sovereign. Government is made up of
9058:
7693:"New Zealand election: Jacinda Ardern's Labour Party scores landslide win"
6211:
6194:
4760:
Papillon, Martin; Turgeon, Luc; Wallner, Jennifer; White, Stephen (2014).
4211:
3199:, continues to have an impact on political culture, despite New Zealand's
1178:
was repealed in 1913. The elections since 1935 have been dominated by two
923:
established the system of government and these were later consolidated in
9378:
8750:
7960:
5787:
5532:"Supreme Court Act 2003 No 53 (as at 01 March 2017), Public Act Contents"
5358:"What is confidence and supply… and how does it differ from a coalition?"
4919:"New Zealand bans foreign political donations amid interference concerns"
3908:
3859:
3794:
3786:
3711:
3191:
believed that traditional British legal principles (including individual
3184:
3039:
2950:
2799:
2730:
2702:
2629:
2085:
2043:
1348:
1300:
1258:
1051:, and exercising control of the executive government. It currently has a
982:
751:
743:
87:
7373:
7235:"Waitangi Tribunal – Te Rōpū Whakamana – Developing the tribunal, 1980s"
6477:"Abortion Legislation Bill passes third and final reading in Parliament"
4021:
3454:
for the 1853 elections and reflected contemporary British practice. The
3034:
2594:
9046:
8719:
3725:
3653:
3316:
2983:
2953:
2737:
1316:
1097:
1082:
998:
105:
8492:
3918:, the National Party moved quickly to form a minority government with
3450:
The first voting rights in New Zealand were legislated in 1852 as the
7670:
6695:
6693:
3483:
3180:
2816:
2706:
844:
755:
73:
7746:
Neilson, Michael; Pearse, Adam; Coughlan, Thomas (25 January 2023).
7454:
Anderson, Atholl; Binney, Judith; Harris, Aroha (19 November 2015).
6532:
Iwi: The Dynamics of Māori Tribal Organisation from C.1769 to C.1945
6374:"Māori even more overrepresented in prisons, despite $ 98m strategy"
2802:. While it is rare for a single party to have an outright majority,
2130:
793:
to the House of Representatives for a flexible term of office, with
9041:
8986:
7584:"Bill English is NZ's new Prime Minister, Paula Bennett new Deputy"
3923:
3805:, banning visits by nuclear powered ships; the implementation of a
3510:
3478:
and wealthy "wool lords" who owned multiple sheep farms, mainly in
3455:
3444:
2740:. A governor-general formally has the power to appoint and dismiss
1566:
1105:
6690:
4214:. The Governor-General of New Zealand Te Kawana Tianara o Aotearoa
4071:
Contents of the United States diplomatic cables leak (New Zealand)
3352:
9036:
8996:
7894:(4th ed.). South Melbourne, Vic. : Oxford University Press.
5362:
3535:
3404:
3289:
3257:
in 1986, successive governments have progressively increased the
3113:
region became more important. New Zealand has also traditionally
1892:
1214:
3803:
New Zealand Nuclear Free Zone, Disarmament, and Arms Control Act
3393:
1942:
5976:
5456:"National, ACT, NZ First will lead NZ's first three party govt"
4763:
Comparing Canada: Methods and Perspectives on Canadian Politics
3874:
to pass legislation. Labour retained power in the 27 July 2002
3735:
since they were first allowed to stand for Parliament in 1919.
2756:, which is a formal committee consisting of all ministers, who
1262:
1205:
was held in 1992, which led to a binding referendum during the
6051:"Political values – New Zealand politics and political values"
3750:
2778:
of the largest governing party. The prime minister, being the
2748:
Parliament; and the power to reject or sign bills into law by
2713:. The New Zealand monarchy has been legally distinct from the
1280:
parties to pass laws. In the late 1990s, a phenomenon called "
3810:
3619:
and English—the act itself affirms the equal legal status of
3273:, was supported by members across all parties in Parliament.
3126:
3118:
2766:
is the senior decision-making body in Government, led by the
831:
in New Zealand is based on the principle that while the King
7562:
New Zealand: Learning How to Govern in Coalition or Minority
5450:
5448:
3992:
became prime minister. In another first, Winston Peters and
3854:
After nine years in government, the National Party lost the
3529:'s statue stands outside Parliament buildings in Wellington.
1299:(formed in 1936). Labour has generally positioned itself as
7178:"Labour Party – Fourth, fifth and sixth Labour governments"
7065:"Women members of the New Zealand Parliament, 1933 onwards"
6705:
6349:. Human Rights Commission. 2012. p. 50. Archived from
5258:"Premiers and prime ministers – The role of prime minister"
4759:
3862:
out-polled National and formed a coalition government with
3562:
Socialism in New Zealand § Unions and workers' parties
3538:
and the creation in 1890 of the first political party, the
3121:) have looked to New Zealand's lead. A large proportion of
2874:
The New Zealand judiciary has four basic levels of courts:
1081:
Laws are first proposed to the House of Representatives as
7004:"Women run the country but it doesn't show in pay packets"
3931:
caucus after Key's unexpected resignation a week earlier.
1454:
1291:
Historically the two largest, and oldest, parties are the
5739:. New Zealand Government. 1 February 2015. Archived from
5445:
3606:
3399:
2811:
to be enacted. Parties in government are said to have a "
1047:
Parliament is responsible for passing laws, adopting the
809:, though the dominant parties have historically been the
7892:
Bridled Power: New Zealand's Constitution and Government
5093:"The Queen's constitutional and public ceremonial roles"
3668:
and organisations such as the New Zealand branch of the
3187:
are founding political principles in New Zealand. Early
2183:
1510:
911:
of the United Kingdom and New Zealand Parliaments), the
33:
Organisational chart of the New Zealand political system
6534:(1st ed.). Wellington: Victoria University Press.
3249:
Since the 1970s, New Zealand has shown a more socially
1790:
7152:"Labour Party – First Labour government, 1935 to 1949"
5734:"A guide to New Zealand's central government agencies"
5015:(Rev. 4th ed.). Dordrecht: Nijhoff. p. 882.
3080:
Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development
2345:
1116:
will force a government either to resign or to seek a
7867:(3rd ed.). Auckland: Auckland University Press.
7745:
7661:
7659:
3785:
programme, a forty-hour working week, and compulsory
3491:
additional 20,000 miners were also entitled to vote.
2907:
The Supreme Court was established in 2004, under the
2826:
Since November 2023, the Labour Party has formed the
7453:
7261:"United States and New Zealand – Nuclear-free 1980s"
6977:"Mabel Howard becomes first female Cabinet minister"
4990:
4897:"2023 General Election – Summary of Overall Results"
4003:
3050:
New Zealand maintains a network of 32 embassies, 20
2228:
1995:
825:
with other parties in the House of Representatives.
7287:"Electoral systems – The call for electoral reform"
6897:
6895:
6131:
6129:
6127:
6125:
6123:
5843:
Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade (Australia)
5794:. New Zealand Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade
3387:
Māori politics § Pre-colonial Māori governance
3242:
1366:in order to contest the party vote in an election.
7718:Fisher, David; Jones, Nicholas (17 October 2020).
7656:
7403:"I used to be the only gay in the House – Barnett"
5972:"Landmark Trade Deal Struck By China, New Zealand"
5814:"New Zealand – Embassies and Consulates Worldwide"
5582:Joseph, Philip A.; Joseph, Thomas (20 June 2012).
4273:, 2.1, Wellington: Queen's Printer for New Zealand
4061:List of public sector organisations in New Zealand
5355:
3882:, and reaching an agreement for support with the
3578:
3046:, a senior official at the UN, from 2009 to 2017.
1844:
1678:
9711:
7033:Women, Politics, and Power: A Global Perspective
6892:
6138:"Political values – Values and political change"
6120:
6103:"The New Zealanders – Multicultural New Zealand"
5337:. Parliamentary Counsel Office. 23 November 1999
5284:"Cabinet government – Collective responsibility"
3809:brought about New Zealand's suspension from the
2273:
1377:Summary of the 14 October 2023 election for the
7667:"New Zealand's Ardern sworn in for second term"
6452:"How same-sex marriage has changed New Zealand"
5658:. New York University School of Law. April 2011
5628:
5626:
5229:"Luxon sworn in as PM, new Govt gets under way"
5146:"New Governor-General Dame Cindy Kiro sworn-in"
4972:"New Zealand's new Sovereign: King Charles III"
4799:"Labour Party: Ideology and the role of unions"
4419:
4126:
3107:aligned itself strongly with the United Kingdom
2842:, non-government bills, and the possibility of
1622:
7259:Ayson, Robert; Phillips, Jock (20 June 2012).
6983:. New Zealand History Online. 21 December 2016
6619:. New Zealand History Online. 28 November 2016
6250:"Political values – Enduring political values"
5946:"Foreign policy and diplomatic representation"
5179:. New Zealand History Online. 18 December 2018
4457:. Parliamentary Counsel Office. 17 August 1993
4263:
3203:. As at 2021, New Zealand is identified as a "
1059:. Before 1951 there was a second chamber, the
8735:
8508:
7943:
7533:"What to do about that foreshore and seabed?"
7258:
6909:. New Zealand History Online. 13 January 2016
6779:Illustrated History of the Treaty of Waitangi
6567:. New Zealand History Online. 4 November 2016
6188:
6186:
5577:
5575:
5573:
5571:
3295:
2830:to the National–ACT–NZ First Government. The
1734:
695:
7889:
7429:"Georgina Beyer: The double life of Georgie"
7029:
6875:"Treaty events since 1950 – Treaty timeline"
6638:
6636:
6634:
5623:
5581:
5504:
5502:
4702:
4564:
4562:
4547:. New Zealand History Online. September 2009
4179:"The local government system in New Zealand"
3519:—the Government or the Parihaka protestors.
7830:
7773:
7717:
7356:Barker, Fiona; Coffé, Hilde (1 July 2018).
7355:
7030:Paxton, Pamela; Hughes, Melanie M. (2015).
6798:. New Zealand Labour Party. 18 April 2016.
6711:
6699:
6588:"Voting rights – First voting rights, 1852"
6555:
6553:
6551:
6199:International Journal of Constitutional Law
4755:
4753:
4474:
4472:
4204:
4120:
3738:
3620:
3612:
3566:, which represented organised workers. The
3554:The early 20th century saw the rise of the
3223:during recent elections, compared with the
2040:
1142:Almost all parliamentary elections between
1077:is the home of the House of Representatives
738:. The system of government is based on the
8742:
8728:
8515:
8501:
7950:
7936:
7924:at Te Ara: The Encyclopedia of New Zealand
7890:Palmer, Geoffrey; Palmer, Matthew (2004).
7639:"Jacinda Ardern's new government sworn in"
7145:
7143:
6819:
6817:
6431:. New Zealand History Online. 14 June 2016
6183:
5568:
5437:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
5356:Bracewell-Worrall, Anna (4 October 2017).
5327:
4978:. New Zealand Parliament. 9 September 2022
4698:
4696:
4235:"Government and nation – The constitution"
3996:will take turns as deputy prime minister.
3878:, forming a coalition with Anderton's new
3090:(UN). New Zealand is party to a number of
1303:in New Zealand politics, and has featured
742:, and the legal system is modelled on the
702:
688:
7115:
7071:. New Zealand Parliament. 9 November 2020
6850:"The Maori Affairs Amendment Act | NZETC"
6631:
6579:
6210:
5676:
5670:
5510:"Structure of the Court System: Overview"
5499:
4647:
4645:
4559:
4376:. New Zealand Parliament. 3 December 2009
4259:
4257:
4056:List of political scandals in New Zealand
3284:in the 1970s and 1980s, protests against
3167:, social integration, and suppression of
2815:" from voters and authority to implement
2787:for the consequences of these decisions.
2602:is the seat of the New Zealand Government
1384:
1221:, though some elections have resulted in
8749:
7835:(2nd ed.). Auckland: Penguin Books.
7630:
7197:
6642:
6585:
6548:
6267:
6100:
5939:
5937:
5281:
5058:(4). ALTA Law Research Series: 611–638.
4750:
4469:
4041:List of political parties in New Zealand
3644:
3521:
3414:
3380:
3033:
2865:
2719:Statute of Westminster Adoption Act 1947
2593:
1286:Electoral (Integrity) Amendment Act 2018
1257:
1254:List of political parties in New Zealand
1209:. As a result, New Zealand has used the
1069:
1063:. The House of Representatives meets in
797:held at least every three years using a
28:
8522:
7774:Sommerville, Troels (15 October 2023).
7636:
7602:
7511:Te Ara: The Encyclopedia of New Zealand
7507:"Debate about the foreshore and seabed"
7485:Te Ara: The Encyclopedia of New Zealand
7458:. Bridget Williams Books. p. 418.
7336:Te Ara: The Encyclopedia of New Zealand
7329:
7291:Te Ara: The Encyclopedia of New Zealand
7284:
7265:Te Ara: The Encyclopedia of New Zealand
7239:Te Ara: The Encyclopedia of New Zealand
7169:
7156:Te Ara: The Encyclopedia of New Zealand
7140:
7001:
6929:"Women, the vote and the 1893 election"
6829:Te Ara: The Encyclopedia of New Zealand
6814:
6649:Te Ara: The Encyclopedia of New Zealand
6592:Te Ara: The Encyclopedia of New Zealand
6561:"Political and constitutional timeline"
6529:
6371:
6254:Te Ara: The Encyclopedia of New Zealand
6161:
6142:Te Ara: The Encyclopedia of New Zealand
6107:Te Ara: The Encyclopedia of New Zealand
6081:Te Ara: The Encyclopedia of New Zealand
6055:Te Ara: The Encyclopedia of New Zealand
6004:Te Ara: The Encyclopedia of New Zealand
5997:
5950:Te Ara: The Encyclopedia of New Zealand
5870:. Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade
5588:Te Ara: The Encyclopedia of New Zealand
5390:Te Ara: The Encyclopedia of New Zealand
5288:Te Ara: The Encyclopedia of New Zealand
5262:Te Ara: The Encyclopedia of New Zealand
5143:
5008:
4832:Te Ara: The Encyclopedia of New Zealand
4803:Te Ara: The Encyclopedia of New Zealand
4712:Te Ara: The Encyclopedia of New Zealand
4693:
4658:Te Ara: The Encyclopedia of New Zealand
4601:Te Ara: The Encyclopedia of New Zealand
4594:
4572:. Elections New Zealand. Archived from
4541:"First past the post – the road to MMP"
4535:
4533:
4531:
4292:"The business of Parliament in history"
4240:Te Ara: The Encyclopedia of New Zealand
4046:List of New Zealand left-wing activists
3282:opposition to apartheid in South Africa
3151:Culture of New Zealand § Attitudes
2733:, to sign treaties and to declare war.
2583:
1889:
335:Political funding and election expenses
14:
9712:
7862:
7839:
7608:
7504:
7481:"Constitution – Constitutional change"
7478:
7330:Roberts, Nigel S. (17 February 2015).
6449:
6247:
6192:
6135:
6074:
6048:
5383:
5255:
5249:
5205:. Cabinet Office. 2008. Archived from
5041:
5039:
4651:
4642:
4486:. Electoral Commission. Archived from
4395:
4393:
4391:
4254:
4232:
4173:
4171:
3816:with the United States and Australia.
3331:Commemorating the 30th anniversary of
3100:New Zealand–China Free Trade Agreement
2962:statutes of the New Zealand Parliament
2870:The Supreme Court building, Wellington
1371:results of the latest general election
851:, who are selected from among MPs and
821:are common and typically dependent on
799:mixed-member proportional (MMP) system
8723:
8496:
7931:
7848:, Victoria: Oxford University Press.
7809:
7558:
7530:
7332:"Electoral systems – MMP in practice"
7285:Roberts, Nigel S. (1 February 2015).
7232:
7175:
7149:
6668:
6077:"Political values – The fair society"
5970:Chen, Shu-Ching Jean (7 April 2008).
5943:
5934:
5412:
5048:"The Royal Prerogative in the Realms"
4996:
4947:"Donations protected from disclosure"
4822:
4796:
3888:ownership of the foreshore and seabed
3672:. On 19 September 1893 the governor,
3498:introduced a bill for four temporary
3243:§ Māori politics and legislation
3234:asserts there is clear evidence that
3000:are held every three years to choose
1393:
1158:. Under FPP the candidate in a given
486:Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade
7786:from the original on 16 October 2023
6903:"Women and the vote – Brief history"
6643:Atkinson, Neill (17 February 2015).
6273:
5969:
5916:"New Zealand and the United Nations"
5335:"Coalition and minority governments"
4528:
4212:"On the Constitution of New Zealand"
4102:. Government House. 27 February 2017
4096:"The Office of the Governor-General"
3687:though, when three women, including
3628:
3458:was limited to property-owning male
3410:
3173:lowest perceived level of corruption
3136:
3044:United Nations Development Programme
3023:
1229:, no party won a majority of seats.
913:principles of the Treaty of Waitangi
855:. Most ministers are members of the
726:) function within a framework of an
7842:New Zealand government and politics
6731:Dictionary of New Zealand Biography
6586:Atkinson, Neil (17 February 2015).
6227:"Corruption Perceptions Index 2017"
5415:Mandates, Manifestos and Coalitions
5144:Trevett, Claire (21 October 2021).
5045:
5036:
4595:Roberts, Nigel S. (February 2015).
4388:
4190:Commonwealth Local Government Forum
4168:
3926:was appointed prime minister, with
3315:activist hands out peace cranes in
3232:New Zealand Human Rights Commission
3219:in the political process, with 82%
2967:
2774:), who is also, by convention, the
929:New Zealand Bill of Rights Act 1990
24:
7883:
7637:Walters, Laura (26 October 2017).
7609:Phipps, Claire (19 October 2017).
7200:The Journal of Legislative Studies
6773:Map adapted from Appendix four of
6685:The Penguin History of New Zealand
6645:"Voting rights – Miners and Māori"
6450:Gattey, Megan (16 November 2017).
6274:Daly, Michael (10 February 2022).
6000:"South Pacific economic relations"
5487:. 13 November 2002. pp. 14–16
4828:"National Party: Party principles"
4706:; Miller, Raymond (21 July 2015).
4681:. New Zealand Electoral Commission
3851:elected to a national parliament.
3670:Women's Christian Temperance Union
3542:. Their leader, former gold miner
3255:decriminalisation of homosexuality
3129:military alliance (as a result of
3038:Former New Zealand Prime Minister
881:
540:New Zealand and the United Nations
25:
9731:
7909:
7311:. ACE Electoral Knowledge Network
6825:"Te ture – Māori and legislation"
6802:from the original on 3 April 2019
6736:Ministry for Culture and Heritage
6723:
6405:. New Zealand Ministry of Justice
6029:United States Department of State
6025:"U.S. Relations With New Zealand"
5709:"Local government in New Zealand"
5256:McLean, Gavin (1 December 2016).
4326:Ministry for Culture and Heritage
4066:Christian politics in New Zealand
3916:general election in November 2008
3263:legalisation of same-sex marriage
3131:New Zealand's nuclear-free policy
3064:Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation
1247:
785:. The King is represented by the
781:and consists of the King and the
7959:
7767:
7739:
7711:
7685:
7576:
7552:
7531:Dunne, Peter (18 January 2010).
7524:
7498:
7479:Palmer, Matthew (20 June 2012).
7472:
7447:
7421:
7395:
7349:
7323:
7297:
7278:
7252:
7226:
7191:
7109:
7083:
7057:
7023:
6995:
6969:
6947:
6921:
6867:
6842:
6784:
6749:
6717:
6248:Levine, Stephen (20 June 2012).
6162:di Maio, Matteo (11 July 2018).
6136:Levine, Stephen (20 June 2012).
6075:Levine, Stephen (20 June 2012).
6049:Levine, Stephen (20 June 2012).
5998:Bertram, Geoff (11 March 2010).
5384:Martin, John E. (20 June 2012).
5282:Eichbaum, Chris (20 June 2012).
4652:Martin, John E. (20 June 2012).
4020:
4006:
3986:three-party coalition government
3972:became prime minister after the
3733:women's political representation
3376:Political history of New Zealand
3362:foreshore and seabed controversy
3343:
3324:
3304:
3030:Foreign relations of New Zealand
2671:
2643:
2615:
2571:Political funding in New Zealand
2564:
2537:
2536:
2521:
2520:
2368:
2367:
2175:
2162:
2161:
2145:
2144:
2032:
2010:
2009:
1987:
1974:
1973:
1956:
1934:
1921:
1920:
1904:
1903:
1836:
1823:
1822:
1806:
1805:
1782:
1781:
1766:
1765:
1749:
1748:
1726:
1725:
1710:
1709:
1693:
1692:
1670:
1669:
1654:
1653:
1637:
1636:
1614:
1613:
1598:
1597:
1581:
1580:
1558:
1557:
1542:
1541:
1525:
1524:
1502:
1501:
1486:
1485:
1469:
1468:
1385:
896:parliamentary democracy under a
823:confidence-and-supply agreements
662:
628:History of voting in New Zealand
623:Political history of New Zealand
49:
7126:An Encyclopaedia of New Zealand
6677:
6662:
6605:
6523:
6497:
6469:
6443:
6417:
6391:
6365:
6339:
6321:
6295:
6241:
6219:
6193:Geddis, Andrew (January 2016).
6155:
6094:
6068:
6042:
6017:
5991:
5963:
5908:
5882:
5856:
5831:
5806:
5780:
5758:
5726:
5701:
5687:An Encyclopaedia of New Zealand
5648:
5601:
5546:
5524:
5474:
5406:
5377:
5349:
5301:
5275:
5221:
5191:
5165:
5137:
5111:
5085:
5002:
4964:
4939:
4911:
4889:
4875:"Register of political parties"
4867:
4845:
4816:
4790:
4725:
4671:
4614:
4588:
4502:
4447:
4362:
4340:
4314:"Legislative Council abolished"
4051:List of New Zealand politicians
3822:electoral reform in New Zealand
3745:List of New Zealand governments
3635:Women's suffrage in New Zealand
3296:§ Modern political history
3215:. The country rates highly for
3042:served as administrator of the
2974:Local government in New Zealand
2652:Governor-General of New Zealand
2551:
1369:The table below summarises the
1362:Parties must register with the
1138:Electoral system of New Zealand
8543:Federated States of Micronesia
6372:Cornish, Sophie (1 May 2022).
6101:Phillips, Jock (20 May 2015).
5944:Green, Michael (17 May 2016).
5768:. Parliamentary Counsel Office
5713:Department of Internal Affairs
5534:. Parliamentary Counsel Office
4306:
4284:
4226:
4142:
4088:
3579:Māori politics and legislation
2862:Judicial review in New Zealand
2176:
2033:
1988:
1957:
1935:
1837:
1239:for MPs elected on a separate
1217:. Parliament normally has 120
946:
13:
1:
8349:1894–1987 (alcohol licensing)
7570:Canadian Parliamentary Review
7305:"New Zealand's Change to MMP"
7176:Aimer, Peter (20 June 2012).
7150:Aimer, Peter (20 June 2012).
6792:"Returning to Labour's Roots"
5046:Cox, Noel (1 December 2007).
4076:
3652:is the country's most famous
3601:Te Ture Whenua Māori Act 1993
3269:, which fully decriminalised
3115:worked closely with Australia
2949:has three principal sources:
2680:Prime Minister of New Zealand
876:perceived level of corruption
7233:Derby, Mark (20 June 2012).
6763:. New Zealand History Online
6757:"Maori land loss, 1860–2000"
6613:"Setting up the Māori seats"
6511:. New Zealand History Online
6399:"Hāpaitia te Oranga Tangata"
5680:, ed. (18 September 2007) .
4901:New Zealand Election Results
4797:Aimer, Peter (1 June 2015).
4081:
3597:Resource Management Act 1991
3452:New Zealand Constitution Act
3253:outlook. Beginning with the
2903:(including the Youth Court).
2849:
2557:Formerly known as ONE Party.
1127:
1065:Parliament House, Wellington
941:three branches of government
7:
7831:Riseborough, Hazel (2002).
7505:Barker, Fiona (June 2012).
7121:"1935–49 The Labour Regime"
7002:Collins, Simon (May 2005).
5839:"New Zealand country brief"
4233:Wilson, John (March 2009).
3999:
3849:first openly transgender MP
3559:
3293:
3240:
3209:Economist Intelligence Unit
3143:Human rights in New Zealand
2915:in London as New Zealand's
888:Constitution of New Zealand
863:of the head of government.
196:54th New Zealand Parliament
10:
9736:
8830:New Zealand and Antarctica
8450:2009 (corporal punishment)
7970:referendums in New Zealand
7922:Institutions of Government
7810:Boyce, Peter John (2008).
7802:
6879:New Zealand History Online
5584:"Judicial system – Judges"
4766:. UBC Press. p. 126.
4455:"Electoral Act 1993 No 87"
4322:New Zealand History Online
4154:Transparency International
3742:
3638:
3632:
3588:
3582:
3384:
3373:
3369:
3177:Transparency International
3140:
3027:
2971:
2859:
2853:
2587:
2568:
1297:New Zealand National Party
1251:
1131:
950:
917:constitutional conventions
885:
874:and had the second lowest
177:State services departments
9678:
9591:
9578:Structural discrimination
9529:New Zealand Sign Language
9432:
9423:
9310:
9301:
9243:
9107:
9098:
9071:
8977:
8870:
8866:
8857:
8810:
8767:
8758:
8634:
8611:
8530:
8467:
8427:
8379:1990 (parliamentary term)
8369:1967 (parliamentary term)
8341:
8332:
8274:
7976:
7588:The Sydney Morning Herald
7456:Tangata Whenua: A History
7212:10.1080/13572330500158219
7036:. CQ Press. p. 107.
5554:"History of court system"
5064:10.1080/03050710701814839
5052:Commonwealth Law Bulletin
5009:Peaslee, Amos J. (1985).
3259:protection of LGBT rights
3236:structural discrimination
3147:Corruption in New Zealand
3123:New Zealand's foreign aid
3105:Historically New Zealand
3096:Closer Economic Relations
2992:Local Government Act 2002
2543:
2507:
2475:
2471:
2451:
2447:
2428:
2424:
2405:
2401:
2382:
2347:
2275:
2230:
2185:
2132:
2087:
2042:
1997:
1944:
1891:
1846:
1792:
1736:
1680:
1624:
1568:
1512:
1456:
1407:
1402:
1399:
1396:
1295:(formed in 1916) and the
1211:mixed-member proportional
1176:second-ballot legislation
1118:parliamentary dissolution
996:
981:
971:
968:
965:
962:
935:, although these are not
853:accountable to Parliament
9224:House of Representatives
8694:Northern Mariana Islands
8359:1949 (military training)
7863:Mulgan, Richard (2004).
7840:Miller, Raymond (2009).
7559:Hicks, Bruce M. (2013).
6935:. New Zealand Parliament
6530:Ballara, Angela (1998).
5417:. London. pp. 8–9.
5315:. New Zealand Government
5012:Constitutions of Nations
4855:. New Zealand Parliament
4516:. New Zealand Parliament
4510:"Parties and Government"
4407:. New Zealand Parliament
4350:. New Zealand Parliament
4294:. New Zealand Parliament
4127:V-Dem Institute (2023).
3739:Modern political history
3267:Abortion Legislation Act
3074:. It is a member of the
2856:Judiciary of New Zealand
2832:leader of the Opposition
2798:and the ability to pass
2785:collectively responsible
1379:House of Representatives
1305:socialist (historically)
1293:New Zealand Labour Party
1203:change the voting system
1134:Elections in New Zealand
1057:House of Representatives
921:Constitution Act in 1852
801:. MPs usually belong to
783:House of Representatives
208:House of Representatives
9720:Politics of New Zealand
9086:Territorial authorities
8659:Cocos (Keeling) Islands
8482:Supplementary elections
8009:(First Māori elections)
7916:Politics and Government
7865:Politics in New Zealand
6702:, pp. 95, 98, 111.
6425:"Homosexual law reform"
5636:. Courts of New Zealand
5611:. Courts of New Zealand
5609:"Current Chief Justice"
5556:. Courts of New Zealand
5512:. Courts of New Zealand
4853:"Parliamentary parties"
4401:"Members of Parliament"
4036:The Crown (New Zealand)
3462:over 21 years old. The
3419:Manuscript copy of the
3407:as a political system.
3337:Auckland Pride Festival
3271:abortion in New Zealand
3098:with Australia and the
3076:Commonwealth of Nations
3012:councillors, including
2840:parliamentary questions
2577:political party funding
1114:motion of no confidence
898:constitutional monarchy
872:government transparency
868:V-Dem Democracy Indices
817:(or its predecessors).
748:constitutional monarchy
736:parliamentary democracy
716:politics of New Zealand
461:Territorial authorities
42:Politics of New Zealand
9347:Information technology
8374:1967 (licensing hours)
8364:1949 (licensing hours)
7753:The New Zealand Herald
7725:The New Zealand Herald
7009:The New Zealand Herald
6726:"Seddon, Richard John"
6683:King, Michael (2003).
6307:OECD Better Life Index
5413:Quinn, Thomas (2014).
5309:"How government works"
5234:The New Zealand Herald
5151:The New Zealand Herald
5125:. Cabinet Office. 2008
4877:. Electoral Commission
4679:"Māori Representation"
4627:The New Zealand Herald
4435:. Cabinet Office. 2008
3950:National retained its
3856:November 1999 election
3708:Dame Silvia Cartwright
3657:
3621:
3613:
3591:Māori protest movement
3530:
3464:property qualification
3447:, the second capital.
3428:
3286:French nuclear testing
3265:in 2013. In 2020, the
3201:political independence
3047:
2909:Supreme Court Act 2003
2871:
2603:
2590:New Zealand Government
1269:
1078:
953:New Zealand Parliament
878:in the world in 2022.
841:New Zealand Government
775:New Zealand Parliament
723:
669:New Zealand portal
505:Diplomatic missions of
34:
8637:and other territories
8472:Parliamentary makeups
7362:Parliamentary Affairs
6957:. New Zealand History
6669:Cowan, James (1983).
4427:"The electoral cycle"
4270:Constitution Act 1986
3981:2023 general election
3961:2020 general election
3948:2017 general election
3941:deputy prime minister
3896:2005 general election
3772:and the left-leaning
3648:
3633:Further information:
3525:
3418:
3385:Further information:
3381:Pre-colonial politics
3333:Homosexual Law Reform
3261:, culminating in the
3092:free-trade agreements
3056:Pacific Islands Forum
3037:
2940:judicial independence
2928:Dame Helen Winkelmann
2869:
2844:no-confidence motions
2821:2023 general election
2597:
2588:Further information:
2321:Unregistered parties
1267:2011 general election
1261:
1174:system was used; the
1132:Further information:
1102:members of Parliament
1073:
933:Human Rights Act 1993
744:common law of England
413:Courts Martial Appeal
32:
8524:Politics of Oceania
8399:2011 (voting method)
8389:1993 (voting method)
8384:1992 (voting method)
8342:Parliament-initiated
7918:at NZ History Online
7816:. Federation Press.
6854:nzetc.victoria.ac.nz
4905:Electoral Commission
4826:(13 December 2016).
4737:Electoral Commission
4267:(13 December 1986),
3974:Ardern's resignation
3826:elect its Parliament
3716:Speaker of the House
3641:Women in New Zealand
3556:trade union movement
3358:Parliament Buildings
3175:by the organisation
3163:, which is based on
3072:ASEAN Regional Forum
2917:court of last resort
2776:parliamentary leader
2584:Executive Government
2508:Eligible voters and
2232:Leighton Baker Party
1400:Electorate vote sum
1364:Electoral Commission
1150:were held under the
1009:Speaker of the House
958:Main office-holders
819:Minority governments
805:. New Zealand has a
724:tōrangapū o Aotearoa
266:Electoral Commission
126:Executive government
113:Realm of New Zealand
18:New Zealand politics
9524:New Zealand English
9215:Official Opposition
8445:1999 (MP reduction)
8435:1995 (firefighters)
6403:www.justice.govt.nz
6212:10.1093/icon/mow001
5199:"Executive Council"
4708:"Political parties"
4597:"Electoral systems"
4576:on 24 December 2010
4129:"The V-Dem Dataset"
3847:became the world's
3830:minority government
3706:, Governor-General
3558:and labour parties
3507:economic depression
3456:electoral franchise
3217:civic participation
3094:, most prominently
2958:Bill of Rights 1689
2911:, and replaced the
2828:Official Opposition
2723:King of New Zealand
2624:King of New Zealand
2609:Main office-holders
2454:electoral threshold
1381:
1152:first past the post
1061:Legislative Council
1029:Leader of the House
959:
746:. New Zealand is a
224:Official Opposition
133:List of governments
9394:Telecommunications
8815:Treaty of Waitangi
8455:2013 (asset sales)
8428:Citizens-initiated
7590:. 12 December 2016
6955:"Women's Suffrage"
6229:. 21 February 2018
5890:"Our global reach"
5864:"The Commonwealth"
5462:. 24 November 2023
5237:. 27 November 2023
5119:"Governor-General"
5099:. Government House
4907:. 3 November 2023.
4630:. 12 December 2023
4490:on 25 January 2019
4370:"The Royal assent"
4014:New Zealand portal
3988:. National leader
3911:'s United Future.
3768:The right-leaning
3704:Queen Elizabeth II
3658:
3531:
3433:Treaty of Waitangi
3429:
3421:Treaty of Waitangi
3197:Westminster system
3169:far-right politics
3048:
2988:central government
2872:
2604:
1376:
1270:
1087:acts of Parliament
1079:
957:
807:multi-party system
768:head of government
740:Westminster system
436:Law of New Zealand
270:Recent elections:
203:King-in-Parliament
35:
9707:
9706:
9674:
9673:
9462:Gender inequality
9419:
9418:
9297:
9296:
9230:Political funding
9139:Foreign relations
9127:Political parties
9094:
9093:
9067:
9066:
8853:
8852:
8802:Political history
8717:
8716:
8709:Wallis and Futuna
8654:Clipperton Island
8612:Associated states
8490:
8489:
8463:
8462:
8010:
7978:General elections
7901:978-0-195-58463-9
7874:978-1-869-40318-8
7855:978-0-195-58509-4
7699:. 17 October 2020
7673:. 6 November 2020
7538:The Dominion Post
7465:978-0-908321-54-4
7409:. 31 January 2009
7374:10.1093/pa/gsx073
7097:. 19 October 2020
7069:www.parliament.nz
7043:978-1-48-337701-8
6981:nzhistory.govt.nz
6907:nzhistory.govt.nz
6796:www.labour.org.nz
6761:nzhistory.govt.nz
6617:nzhistory.govt.nz
6565:nzhistory.govt.nz
6509:nzhistory.govt.nz
6482:Radio New Zealand
6429:nzhistory.govt.nz
6335:on 24 March 2010.
5920:nzhistory.govt.nz
5818:Embassy WorldWide
5746:on 1 October 2016
5682:"Law, History of"
5177:nzhistory.govt.nz
4976:www.parliament.nz
4927:. 3 December 2019
4570:"From FPP to MMP"
4545:nzhistory.govt.nz
4480:"Votes for Women"
4328:. 1 December 2016
4318:nzhistory.govt.nz
4156:. 31 January 2023
3990:Christopher Luxon
3905:New Zealand First
3880:Progressive Party
3814:security alliance
3807:nuclear-free zone
3799:Waitangi Tribunal
3710:, Prime Minister
3693:Elizabeth McCombs
3629:Women in politics
3500:Māori electorates
3470:During the 1850s
3411:Colonial politics
3278:national identity
3227:average of 69%.
3189:European settlers
3137:Political culture
3084:a founding member
3060:Pacific Community
3024:Foreign relations
2978:New Zealand is a
2936:solicitor-general
2772:Christopher Luxon
2754:Executive Council
2727:royal prerogative
2705:is New Zealand's
2686:Christopher Luxon
2547:
2546:
2429:Disallowed votes
1946:Legalise Cannabis
1341:New Zealand First
1329:classical-liberal
1309:social-democratic
1265:showing parties,
1233:Seven electorates
1180:political parties
1170:elections when a
1045:
1044:
1041:27 November 2023
987:8 September 2022
892:New Zealand is a
866:According to the
835:, the Government
803:political parties
795:general elections
779:legislative power
712:
711:
651:Nuclear-free zone
527:Visa requirements
479:Foreign relations
426:Waitangi Tribunal
244:Political parties
172:Executive Council
165:Christopher Luxon
16:(Redirected from
9727:
9687:
9430:
9429:
9308:
9307:
9265:Governor-General
9122:Electoral system
9105:
9104:
9032:Palmerston North
8868:
8867:
8864:
8863:
8825:Women's suffrage
8820:New Zealand Wars
8787:Military history
8782:Economic history
8765:
8764:
8744:
8737:
8730:
8721:
8720:
8699:Pitcairn Islands
8669:French Polynesia
8649:Christmas Island
8578:Papua New Guinea
8558:Marshall Islands
8531:Sovereign states
8517:
8510:
8503:
8494:
8493:
8404:2015–2016 (flag)
8339:
8338:
8008:
7964:
7963:
7952:
7945:
7938:
7929:
7928:
7905:
7878:
7859:
7844:(5th ed.).
7836:
7833:Days of Darkness
7827:
7796:
7795:
7793:
7791:
7771:
7765:
7764:
7762:
7760:
7743:
7737:
7736:
7734:
7732:
7715:
7709:
7708:
7706:
7704:
7689:
7683:
7682:
7680:
7678:
7663:
7654:
7653:
7651:
7649:
7634:
7628:
7627:
7625:
7623:
7606:
7600:
7599:
7597:
7595:
7580:
7574:
7573:
7567:
7556:
7550:
7549:
7547:
7545:
7528:
7522:
7521:
7519:
7517:
7502:
7496:
7495:
7493:
7491:
7476:
7470:
7469:
7451:
7445:
7444:
7442:
7440:
7425:
7419:
7418:
7416:
7414:
7399:
7393:
7392:
7390:
7388:
7353:
7347:
7346:
7344:
7342:
7327:
7321:
7320:
7318:
7316:
7301:
7295:
7294:
7282:
7276:
7275:
7273:
7271:
7256:
7250:
7249:
7247:
7245:
7230:
7224:
7223:
7195:
7189:
7188:
7186:
7184:
7173:
7167:
7166:
7164:
7162:
7147:
7138:
7137:
7135:
7133:
7117:McLintock, A. H.
7113:
7107:
7106:
7104:
7102:
7087:
7081:
7080:
7078:
7076:
7061:
7055:
7054:
7052:
7050:
7027:
7021:
7020:
7018:
7016:
6999:
6993:
6992:
6990:
6988:
6973:
6967:
6966:
6964:
6962:
6951:
6945:
6944:
6942:
6940:
6925:
6919:
6918:
6916:
6914:
6899:
6890:
6889:
6887:
6885:
6871:
6865:
6864:
6862:
6860:
6846:
6840:
6839:
6837:
6835:
6821:
6812:
6811:
6809:
6807:
6788:
6782:
6772:
6770:
6768:
6753:
6747:
6746:
6744:
6742:
6721:
6715:
6712:Riseborough 2002
6709:
6703:
6700:Riseborough 2002
6697:
6688:
6681:
6675:
6674:
6666:
6660:
6659:
6657:
6655:
6640:
6629:
6628:
6626:
6624:
6609:
6603:
6602:
6600:
6598:
6583:
6577:
6576:
6574:
6572:
6557:
6546:
6545:
6527:
6521:
6520:
6518:
6516:
6501:
6495:
6494:
6492:
6490:
6473:
6467:
6466:
6464:
6462:
6447:
6441:
6440:
6438:
6436:
6421:
6415:
6414:
6412:
6410:
6395:
6389:
6388:
6386:
6384:
6369:
6363:
6362:
6360:
6358:
6353:on 30 March 2014
6343:
6337:
6336:
6331:. Archived from
6325:
6319:
6318:
6316:
6314:
6299:
6293:
6292:
6290:
6288:
6271:
6265:
6264:
6262:
6260:
6245:
6239:
6238:
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6217:
6216:
6214:
6190:
6181:
6180:
6178:
6176:
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6150:
6148:
6133:
6118:
6117:
6115:
6113:
6098:
6092:
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6072:
6066:
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6063:
6061:
6046:
6040:
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6035:
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6015:
6014:
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5989:
5988:
5986:
5984:
5967:
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5960:
5958:
5956:
5941:
5932:
5931:
5929:
5927:
5912:
5906:
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5903:
5901:
5886:
5880:
5879:
5877:
5875:
5860:
5854:
5853:
5851:
5849:
5835:
5829:
5828:
5826:
5824:
5810:
5804:
5803:
5801:
5799:
5792:www.mfat.govt.nz
5784:
5778:
5777:
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5705:
5699:
5698:
5696:
5694:
5678:McLintock, A. H.
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4720:
4718:
4704:Curtin, Jennifer
4700:
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4675:
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4484:elections.org.nz
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4115:
4109:
4107:
4092:
4030:
4025:
4024:
4016:
4011:
4010:
4009:
3963:Labour won by a
3939:) was appointed
3894:. Following the
3781:, a large scale
3624:
3618:
3565:
3460:British subjects
3356:protest outside
3347:
3328:
3308:
3298:
3245:
3226:
3161:multiculturalism
3068:East Asia Summit
3052:high commissions
2968:Local government
2932:attorney-general
2809:government bills
2715:British monarchy
2694:
2693:27 November 2023
2675:
2666:
2647:
2638:
2637:8 September 2022
2619:
2558:
2555:
2540:
2539:
2524:
2523:
2371:
2370:
2179:
2178:
2165:
2164:
2148:
2147:
2134:New Conservative
2036:
2035:
2013:
2012:
1991:
1990:
1977:
1976:
1960:
1959:
1938:
1937:
1924:
1923:
1907:
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1840:
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1809:
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1528:
1527:
1505:
1504:
1489:
1488:
1472:
1471:
1389:
1382:
1375:
1337:environmentalist
1277:two-party system
1156:electoral system
1122:general election
1075:Parliament House
1023:5 December 2023
1003:21 October 2021
993:Governor-General
960:
956:
787:governor-general
752:King Charles III
704:
697:
690:
667:
666:
665:
574:Environmentalism
466:Community boards
449:Local government
364:Helen Winkelmann
259:Electoral reform
254:Electoral system
96:Governor-General
90:
53:
37:
36:
21:
9735:
9734:
9730:
9729:
9728:
9726:
9725:
9724:
9710:
9709:
9708:
9703:
9690:
9683:
9670:
9646:Public holidays
9641:Performing arts
9587:
9479:Gender equality
9415:
9293:
9239:
9090:
9063:
8973:
8947:Marine reserves
8942:Protected areas
8849:
8806:
8797:Natural history
8754:
8748:
8718:
8713:
8636:
8630:
8613:
8607:
8588:Solomon Islands
8526:
8521:
8491:
8486:
8459:
8423:
8354:1949 (gambling)
8328:
8276:Local elections
8270:
7972:
7958:
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7912:
7902:
7886:
7884:Further reading
7881:
7875:
7856:
7846:South Melbourne
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7433:The Independent
7427:
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6486:
6485:. 18 March 2020
6475:
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6246:
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6232:
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6224:
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6191:
6184:
6174:
6172:
6169:The Independent
6160:
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6134:
6121:
6111:
6109:
6099:
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6073:
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5675:
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5508:
5507:
5500:
5490:
5488:
5484:
5480:
5479:
5475:
5465:
5463:
5454:
5453:
5446:
5430:
5429:
5425:
5424:978-09928904-14
5411:
5407:
5394:
5392:
5382:
5378:
5368:
5366:
5354:
5350:
5340:
5338:
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5307:
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5280:
5276:
5266:
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5240:
5238:
5227:
5226:
5222:
5212:
5210:
5197:
5196:
5192:
5182:
5180:
5173:"Modern duties"
5171:
5170:
5166:
5156:
5154:
5142:
5138:
5128:
5126:
5117:
5116:
5112:
5102:
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5027:
5025:
5023:
5007:
5003:
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4991:
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4858:
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4805:
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4778:
4776:
4774:
4758:
4751:
4741:
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4731:
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4726:
4716:
4714:
4701:
4694:
4684:
4682:
4677:
4676:
4672:
4662:
4660:
4654:"Impact of MMP"
4650:
4643:
4633:
4631:
4620:
4619:
4615:
4605:
4603:
4593:
4589:
4579:
4577:
4568:
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4560:
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4539:
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4529:
4519:
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4508:
4507:
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4460:
4458:
4453:
4452:
4448:
4438:
4436:
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4424:
4420:
4410:
4408:
4399:
4398:
4389:
4379:
4377:
4368:
4367:
4363:
4353:
4351:
4346:
4345:
4341:
4331:
4329:
4312:
4311:
4307:
4297:
4295:
4290:
4289:
4285:
4276:
4274:
4262:
4255:
4245:
4243:
4231:
4227:
4217:
4215:
4210:
4209:
4205:
4195:
4193:
4181:
4177:
4176:
4169:
4159:
4157:
4148:
4147:
4143:
4133:
4131:
4125:
4121:
4113:
4105:
4103:
4094:
4093:
4089:
4084:
4079:
4028:Politics portal
4026:
4019:
4012:
4007:
4005:
4002:
3858:. Labour under
3837:minority groups
3779:social security
3766:
3765:
3763:
3747:
3741:
3726:Dame Sian Elias
3719:Margaret Wilson
3666:Mary Ann Müller
3643:
3637:
3631:
3593:
3587:
3581:
3431:After the 1840
3413:
3389:
3383:
3378:
3372:
3365:
3348:
3339:
3329:
3320:
3309:
3213:Democracy Index
3153:
3139:
3032:
3026:
3018:community board
2998:Local elections
2976:
2970:
2947:New Zealand law
2887:Court of Appeal
2864:
2858:
2852:
2738:Dame Cindy Kiro
2699:
2698:
2697:
2696:
2695:
2692:
2691:
2689:
2683:
2676:
2668:
2667:
2665:21 October 2021
2664:
2663:
2661:
2658:Dame Cindy Kiro
2655:
2648:
2640:
2639:
2636:
2635:
2633:
2627:
2620:
2611:
2610:
2592:
2586:
2573:
2567:
2562:
2561:
2556:
2552:
2406:Informal votes
1442:
1437:
1422:
1417:
1404:
1256:
1250:
1140:
1130:
955:
949:
890:
884:
882:Legal framework
829:Executive power
708:
679:
675:Other countries
663:
661:
656:
655:
641:
633:
632:
618:
610:
609:
608:
553:
545:
544:
536:
517:Nationality law
513:
501:
481:
471:
470:
451:
441:
440:
430:
416:
409:
371:Court of Appeal
350:
340:
339:
324:
297:
239:
229:
228:
199:
198:
192:
182:
181:
128:
118:
117:
86:
76:
66:
44:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
9733:
9723:
9722:
9705:
9704:
9702:
9701:
9696:
9689:
9688:
9680:
9679:
9676:
9675:
9672:
9671:
9669:
9668:
9663:
9658:
9653:
9648:
9643:
9638:
9633:
9628:
9623:
9618:
9613:
9608:
9603:
9597:
9595:
9589:
9588:
9586:
9585:
9580:
9575:
9570:
9565:
9564:
9563:
9558:
9553:
9543:
9538:
9533:
9532:
9531:
9526:
9521:
9511:
9506:
9501:
9496:
9491:
9486:
9481:
9476:
9471:
9466:
9465:
9464:
9459:
9457:Ethnic origins
9449:
9444:
9439:
9433:
9427:
9421:
9420:
9417:
9416:
9414:
9413:
9412:
9411:
9409:Rail transport
9404:Transportation
9401:
9396:
9391:
9386:
9384:Social welfare
9381:
9376:
9371:
9370:
9369:
9359:
9354:
9349:
9344:
9339:
9334:
9329:
9328:
9327:
9322:
9311:
9305:
9299:
9298:
9295:
9294:
9292:
9291:
9290:
9289:
9282:Prime Minister
9279:
9274:
9273:
9272:
9262:
9261:
9260:
9249:
9247:
9241:
9240:
9238:
9237:
9232:
9227:
9217:
9212:
9207:
9202:
9200:Māori politics
9197:
9196:
9195:
9185:
9184:
9183:
9178:
9168:
9167:
9166:
9161:
9156:
9146:
9141:
9136:
9135:
9134:
9129:
9124:
9114:
9108:
9102:
9096:
9095:
9092:
9091:
9089:
9088:
9083:
9077:
9075:
9069:
9068:
9065:
9064:
9062:
9061:
9056:
9055:
9054:
9044:
9039:
9034:
9029:
9024:
9019:
9014:
9009:
9004:
8999:
8994:
8989:
8983:
8981:
8975:
8974:
8972:
8971:
8966:
8961:
8956:
8955:
8954:
8952:National parks
8949:
8939:
8934:
8929:
8928:
8927:
8922:
8912:
8907:
8902:
8897:
8895:Climate change
8892:
8887:
8882:
8876:
8874:
8861:
8855:
8854:
8851:
8850:
8848:
8847:
8842:
8837:
8832:
8827:
8822:
8817:
8811:
8808:
8807:
8805:
8804:
8799:
8794:
8789:
8784:
8779:
8774:
8768:
8762:
8756:
8755:
8753: articles
8747:
8746:
8739:
8732:
8724:
8715:
8714:
8712:
8711:
8706:
8701:
8696:
8691:
8689:Norfolk Island
8686:
8681:
8676:
8671:
8666:
8661:
8656:
8651:
8646:
8644:American Samoa
8640:
8638:
8632:
8631:
8629:
8628:
8623:
8617:
8615:
8614:of New Zealand
8609:
8608:
8606:
8605:
8600:
8595:
8590:
8585:
8580:
8575:
8570:
8565:
8560:
8555:
8550:
8545:
8540:
8534:
8532:
8528:
8527:
8520:
8519:
8512:
8505:
8497:
8488:
8487:
8485:
8484:
8479:
8474:
8468:
8465:
8464:
8461:
8460:
8458:
8457:
8452:
8447:
8442:
8440:1999 (justice)
8437:
8431:
8429:
8425:
8424:
8422:
8421:
8420:
8419:
8414:
8406:
8401:
8396:
8394:1997 (pension)
8391:
8386:
8381:
8376:
8371:
8366:
8361:
8356:
8351:
8345:
8343:
8336:
8330:
8329:
8327:
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8321:
8316:
8311:
8306:
8301:
8296:
8291:
8286:
8280:
8278:
8272:
8271:
8269:
8268:
8261:
8256:
8251:
8246:
8241:
8236:
8231:
8226:
8221:
8216:
8211:
8206:
8201:
8196:
8191:
8186:
8181:
8176:
8171:
8166:
8161:
8156:
8151:
8146:
8141:
8136:
8131:
8126:
8121:
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8106:
8101:
8096:
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8066:
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8056:
8051:
8046:
8041:
8036:
8031:
8026:
8021:
8016:
8011:
8003:
7998:
7993:
7988:
7982:
7980:
7974:
7973:
7955:
7954:
7947:
7940:
7932:
7926:
7925:
7919:
7911:
7910:External links
7908:
7907:
7906:
7900:
7885:
7882:
7880:
7879:
7873:
7860:
7854:
7837:
7828:
7822:
7806:
7804:
7801:
7798:
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7766:
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7710:
7684:
7655:
7629:
7601:
7575:
7551:
7523:
7497:
7471:
7464:
7446:
7435:. 18 July 2002
7420:
7394:
7368:(3): 603–632.
7348:
7322:
7309:aceproject.org
7296:
7277:
7251:
7225:
7190:
7168:
7139:
7108:
7082:
7056:
7042:
7022:
6994:
6968:
6946:
6920:
6891:
6866:
6841:
6813:
6783:
6775:Claudia Orange
6748:
6724:Hamer, David.
6716:
6714:, p. 212.
6704:
6689:
6676:
6673:. p. 478.
6661:
6630:
6604:
6578:
6547:
6540:
6522:
6496:
6468:
6442:
6416:
6390:
6364:
6338:
6320:
6294:
6266:
6240:
6218:
6182:
6154:
6119:
6093:
6067:
6041:
6016:
5990:
5962:
5933:
5907:
5881:
5855:
5830:
5805:
5779:
5757:
5725:
5700:
5669:
5647:
5634:"Appointments"
5622:
5600:
5567:
5545:
5523:
5498:
5473:
5444:
5423:
5405:
5376:
5348:
5326:
5300:
5274:
5248:
5220:
5209:on 19 May 2011
5203:Cabinet Manual
5190:
5164:
5136:
5123:Cabinet Manual
5110:
5084:
5035:
5021:
5001:
4999:, p. 172.
4989:
4963:
4938:
4910:
4888:
4866:
4844:
4815:
4789:
4772:
4749:
4733:"What is MMP?"
4724:
4692:
4670:
4641:
4613:
4587:
4558:
4527:
4501:
4468:
4446:
4432:Cabinet Manual
4418:
4387:
4361:
4339:
4305:
4283:
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4225:
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4167:
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4119:
4086:
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4073:
4068:
4063:
4058:
4053:
4048:
4043:
4038:
4032:
4031:
4017:
4001:
3998:
3957:Jacinda Ardern
3946:Following the
3901:Winston Peters
3845:Georgina Beyer
3770:National Party
3749:
3748:
3740:
3737:
3689:Ellen Melville
3630:
3627:
3585:Māori politics
3583:Main article:
3580:
3577:
3544:Richard Seddon
3527:Richard Seddon
3412:
3409:
3382:
3379:
3374:Main article:
3371:
3368:
3367:
3366:
3349:
3342:
3340:
3330:
3323:
3321:
3310:
3303:
3205:full democracy
3157:social welfare
3138:
3135:
3088:United Nations
3028:Main article:
3025:
3022:
2982:rather than a
2972:Main article:
2969:
2966:
2905:
2904:
2901:District Court
2897:
2890:
2883:
2854:Main article:
2851:
2848:
2836:Shadow Cabinet
2768:prime minister
2717:following the
2677:
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2642:
2641:
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2585:
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2569:Main article:
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2203:
2200:
2195:
2192:
2189:
2187:Women's Rights
2184:
2181:
2180:
2173:
2170:
2167:
2159:
2156:
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2139:
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2119:
2116:
2111:
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2105:
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2097:
2094:
2091:
2089:Animal Justice
2086:
2083:
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2063:
2060:
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2052:
2049:
2046:
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2024:
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2020:
2018:
2015:
2007:
2004:
2001:
1996:
1993:
1992:
1985:
1982:
1979:
1971:
1968:
1965:
1962:
1954:
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1252:Main article:
1249:
1248:Party politics
1246:
1129:
1126:
1053:single chamber
1043:
1042:
1039:
1036:
1031:
1025:
1024:
1021:
1016:
1014:Gerry Brownlee
1011:
1005:
1004:
1001:
995:
989:
988:
985:
980:
974:
973:
970:
967:
964:
951:Main article:
948:
945:
886:Main article:
883:
880:
815:National Party
766:serves as the
764:prime minister
710:
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707:
706:
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692:
684:
681:
680:
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657:
654:
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648:
646:Māori politics
642:
640:Related topics
639:
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543:
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535:
534:
529:
524:
519:
512:
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509:in New Zealand
500:
499:
498:
497:
495:Winston Peters
482:
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468:
463:
458:
452:
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396:
393:Other Courts:
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389:District Court
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217:Gerry Brownlee
205:
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155:Prime Minister
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9652:
9649:
9647:
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9642:
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9632:
9629:
9627:
9626:Māori culture
9624:
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9619:
9617:
9614:
9612:
9609:
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9407:
9406:
9405:
9402:
9400:
9397:
9395:
9392:
9390:
9387:
9385:
9382:
9380:
9377:
9375:
9372:
9368:
9367:Child poverty
9365:
9364:
9363:
9360:
9358:
9355:
9353:
9352:Manufacturing
9350:
9348:
9345:
9343:
9340:
9338:
9335:
9333:
9330:
9326:
9325:Wine industry
9323:
9321:
9320:Dairy farming
9318:
9317:
9316:
9313:
9312:
9309:
9306:
9304:
9300:
9288:
9285:
9284:
9283:
9280:
9278:
9275:
9271:
9268:
9267:
9266:
9263:
9259:
9256:
9255:
9254:
9251:
9250:
9248:
9246:
9242:
9236:
9235:Public sector
9233:
9231:
9228:
9225:
9221:
9218:
9216:
9213:
9211:
9208:
9206:
9203:
9201:
9198:
9194:
9191:
9190:
9189:
9186:
9182:
9181:Chief Justice
9179:
9177:
9176:Supreme Court
9174:
9173:
9172:
9169:
9165:
9162:
9160:
9157:
9155:
9152:
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9150:
9147:
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8816:
8813:
8812:
8809:
8803:
8800:
8798:
8795:
8793:
8792:Māori history
8790:
8788:
8785:
8783:
8780:
8778:
8775:
8773:
8770:
8769:
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8763:
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8722:
8710:
8707:
8705:
8702:
8700:
8697:
8695:
8692:
8690:
8687:
8685:
8684:New Caledonia
8682:
8680:
8677:
8675:
8672:
8670:
8667:
8665:
8664:Easter Island
8662:
8660:
8657:
8655:
8652:
8650:
8647:
8645:
8642:
8641:
8639:
8633:
8627:
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8409:
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8390:
8387:
8385:
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8367:
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7989:
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7930:
7923:
7920:
7917:
7914:
7913:
7903:
7897:
7893:
7888:
7887:
7876:
7870:
7866:
7861:
7857:
7851:
7847:
7843:
7838:
7834:
7829:
7825:
7823:9781862877009
7819:
7815:
7814:
7808:
7807:
7785:
7781:
7777:
7770:
7755:
7754:
7749:
7742:
7727:
7726:
7721:
7714:
7698:
7694:
7688:
7672:
7668:
7662:
7660:
7644:
7640:
7633:
7618:
7617:
7612:
7605:
7589:
7585:
7579:
7572:. p. 35.
7571:
7564:
7563:
7555:
7540:
7539:
7534:
7527:
7512:
7508:
7501:
7486:
7482:
7475:
7467:
7461:
7457:
7450:
7434:
7430:
7424:
7408:
7404:
7398:
7383:
7379:
7375:
7371:
7367:
7363:
7359:
7352:
7337:
7333:
7326:
7310:
7306:
7300:
7292:
7288:
7281:
7266:
7262:
7255:
7240:
7236:
7229:
7221:
7217:
7213:
7209:
7205:
7201:
7194:
7179:
7172:
7157:
7153:
7146:
7144:
7128:
7127:
7122:
7118:
7112:
7096:
7092:
7086:
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7045:
7039:
7035:
7034:
7026:
7011:
7010:
7005:
6998:
6982:
6978:
6972:
6956:
6950:
6934:
6933:parliament.nz
6930:
6924:
6908:
6904:
6898:
6896:
6880:
6876:
6870:
6855:
6851:
6845:
6830:
6826:
6820:
6818:
6801:
6797:
6793:
6787:
6780:
6776:
6762:
6758:
6752:
6737:
6733:
6732:
6727:
6720:
6713:
6708:
6701:
6696:
6694:
6687:. Chapter 15.
6686:
6680:
6672:
6665:
6650:
6646:
6639:
6637:
6635:
6618:
6614:
6608:
6593:
6589:
6582:
6566:
6562:
6556:
6554:
6552:
6543:
6541:9780864733283
6537:
6533:
6526:
6510:
6506:
6500:
6484:
6483:
6478:
6472:
6457:
6453:
6446:
6430:
6426:
6420:
6404:
6400:
6394:
6379:
6375:
6368:
6352:
6348:
6342:
6334:
6330:
6329:"New Zealand"
6324:
6308:
6304:
6303:"New Zealand"
6298:
6283:
6282:
6277:
6270:
6255:
6251:
6244:
6228:
6222:
6213:
6208:
6205:(1): 99–118.
6204:
6200:
6196:
6189:
6187:
6171:
6170:
6165:
6158:
6143:
6139:
6132:
6130:
6128:
6126:
6124:
6108:
6104:
6097:
6082:
6078:
6071:
6056:
6052:
6045:
6030:
6026:
6020:
6005:
6001:
5994:
5979:
5978:
5973:
5966:
5951:
5947:
5940:
5938:
5921:
5917:
5911:
5895:
5891:
5885:
5869:
5865:
5859:
5844:
5840:
5834:
5819:
5815:
5809:
5793:
5789:
5783:
5767:
5761:
5742:
5735:
5729:
5714:
5710:
5704:
5689:
5688:
5683:
5679:
5673:
5657:
5651:
5635:
5629:
5627:
5610:
5604:
5589:
5585:
5578:
5576:
5574:
5572:
5555:
5549:
5533:
5527:
5511:
5505:
5503:
5483:
5477:
5461:
5457:
5451:
5449:
5440:
5434:
5426:
5420:
5416:
5409:
5402:
5391:
5387:
5386:"Legislating"
5380:
5365:
5364:
5359:
5352:
5336:
5330:
5314:
5310:
5304:
5289:
5285:
5278:
5263:
5259:
5252:
5236:
5235:
5230:
5224:
5208:
5204:
5200:
5194:
5178:
5174:
5168:
5153:
5152:
5147:
5140:
5124:
5120:
5114:
5098:
5094:
5088:
5073:
5069:
5065:
5061:
5057:
5053:
5049:
5042:
5040:
5024:
5022:9789024729050
5018:
5014:
5013:
5005:
4998:
4993:
4977:
4973:
4967:
4952:
4948:
4942:
4926:
4925:
4920:
4914:
4906:
4902:
4898:
4892:
4876:
4870:
4854:
4848:
4833:
4829:
4825:
4819:
4804:
4800:
4793:
4786:
4775:
4773:9780774827867
4769:
4765:
4764:
4756:
4754:
4738:
4734:
4728:
4713:
4709:
4705:
4699:
4697:
4680:
4674:
4659:
4655:
4648:
4646:
4629:
4628:
4623:
4617:
4602:
4598:
4591:
4575:
4571:
4565:
4563:
4546:
4542:
4536:
4534:
4532:
4515:
4514:parliament.nz
4511:
4505:
4489:
4485:
4481:
4475:
4473:
4456:
4450:
4434:
4433:
4428:
4422:
4406:
4405:parliament.nz
4402:
4396:
4394:
4392:
4375:
4374:parliament.nz
4371:
4365:
4349:
4348:"The Chamber"
4343:
4327:
4323:
4319:
4315:
4309:
4293:
4287:
4272:
4271:
4266:
4260:
4258:
4242:
4241:
4236:
4229:
4213:
4207:
4191:
4187:
4180:
4174:
4172:
4155:
4151:
4145:
4130:
4123:
4116:
4101:
4097:
4091:
4087:
4072:
4069:
4067:
4064:
4062:
4059:
4057:
4054:
4052:
4049:
4047:
4044:
4042:
4039:
4037:
4034:
4033:
4029:
4023:
4018:
4015:
4004:
3997:
3995:
3994:David Seymour
3991:
3987:
3982:
3977:
3975:
3971:
3970:Chris Hipkins
3966:
3962:
3958:
3953:
3949:
3944:
3942:
3938:
3937:Upper Harbour
3934:
3933:Paula Bennett
3929:
3925:
3921:
3917:
3912:
3910:
3906:
3902:
3897:
3893:
3889:
3885:
3884:United Future
3881:
3877:
3873:
3869:
3865:
3861:
3857:
3852:
3850:
3846:
3842:
3838:
3833:
3831:
3827:
3823:
3817:
3815:
3812:
3808:
3804:
3800:
3796:
3790:
3788:
3784:
3780:
3775:
3771:
3746:
3736:
3734:
3729:
3727:
3724:
3723:Chief Justice
3720:
3717:
3713:
3709:
3705:
3700:
3698:
3694:
3690:
3686:
3681:
3679:
3678:1893 election
3675:
3671:
3667:
3663:
3662:Kate Sheppard
3655:
3651:
3650:Kate Sheppard
3647:
3642:
3636:
3626:
3623:
3617:
3616:
3609:
3608:
3602:
3598:
3592:
3586:
3576:
3573:
3569:
3563:
3557:
3552:
3549:
3545:
3541:
3537:
3528:
3524:
3520:
3518:
3517:
3512:
3508:
3503:
3501:
3497:
3496:Donald McLean
3492:
3489:
3485:
3482:. During the
3481:
3477:
3473:
3468:
3465:
3461:
3457:
3453:
3448:
3446:
3442:
3441:first capital
3438:
3434:
3426:
3422:
3417:
3408:
3406:
3405:Māori customs
3402:
3401:
3396:
3395:
3388:
3377:
3363:
3359:
3355:
3354:
3346:
3341:
3338:
3334:
3327:
3322:
3318:
3314:
3307:
3302:
3301:
3300:
3297:
3291:
3287:
3283:
3279:
3274:
3272:
3268:
3264:
3260:
3256:
3252:
3247:
3244:
3237:
3233:
3228:
3222:
3221:voter turnout
3218:
3214:
3210:
3206:
3202:
3198:
3194:
3190:
3186:
3182:
3178:
3174:
3170:
3166:
3162:
3158:
3152:
3148:
3144:
3134:
3132:
3128:
3124:
3120:
3116:
3112:
3108:
3103:
3101:
3097:
3093:
3089:
3085:
3081:
3077:
3073:
3069:
3065:
3061:
3057:
3053:
3045:
3041:
3036:
3031:
3021:
3019:
3015:
3011:
3007:
3003:
2999:
2995:
2993:
2989:
2985:
2981:
2980:unitary state
2975:
2965:
2963:
2959:
2955:
2952:
2948:
2944:
2941:
2937:
2933:
2929:
2925:
2924:chief justice
2920:
2918:
2914:
2913:Privy Council
2910:
2902:
2898:
2895:
2891:
2888:
2884:
2881:
2880:Supreme Court
2877:
2876:
2875:
2868:
2863:
2857:
2847:
2845:
2841:
2837:
2833:
2829:
2824:
2822:
2818:
2814:
2810:
2805:
2801:
2797:
2793:
2788:
2786:
2781:
2777:
2773:
2769:
2765:
2761:
2759:
2755:
2751:
2747:
2743:
2739:
2734:
2732:
2728:
2724:
2720:
2716:
2712:
2711:head of state
2708:
2704:
2688:
2687:
2681:
2674:
2660:
2659:
2653:
2646:
2632:
2631:
2625:
2618:
2601:
2596:
2591:
2581:
2578:
2572:
2565:Party funding
2554:
2550:
2535:
2532:
2529:
2527:
2519:
2516:
2513:
2511:
2506:
2503:
2500:
2497:
2495:
2492:
2489:
2486:
2484:
2481:
2478:
2474:
2469:
2467:
2465:
2463:
2461:
2459:
2457:
2455:
2450:
2445:
2443:
2440:
2438:
2436:
2434:
2431:
2427:
2422:
2420:
2417:
2415:
2413:
2411:
2408:
2404:
2399:
2397:
2394:
2392:
2390:
2388:
2385:
2381:
2378:
2376:
2374:
2366:
2363:
2360:
2358:
2356:
2354:
2352:
2350:
2344:
2341:
2339:
2337:
2335:
2333:
2331:
2329:
2327:
2325:
2323:
2320:
2318:
2317:
2314:
2311:
2308:
2305:
2303:
2300:
2297:
2294:
2291:
2289:
2286:
2283:
2280:
2278:
2272:
2269:
2266:
2263:
2260:
2258:
2255:
2252:
2249:
2246:
2244:
2241:
2238:
2235:
2233:
2227:
2224:
2221:
2218:
2215:
2213:
2210:
2207:
2204:
2201:
2199:
2196:
2193:
2190:
2188:
2182:
2174:
2171:
2168:
2160:
2157:
2154:
2151:
2143:
2140:
2137:
2135:
2129:
2126:
2123:
2120:
2117:
2115:
2112:
2109:
2106:
2103:
2101:
2098:
2095:
2092:
2090:
2084:
2081:
2078:
2075:
2072:
2070:
2067:
2064:
2061:
2058:
2056:
2053:
2050:
2047:
2045:
2039:
2031:
2028:
2025:
2023:
2021:
2019:
2016:
2008:
2005:
2002:
2000:
1994:
1986:
1983:
1980:
1972:
1969:
1966:
1963:
1955:
1952:
1949:
1947:
1941:
1933:
1930:
1927:
1919:
1916:
1913:
1910:
1902:
1899:
1896:
1894:
1888:
1885:
1882:
1879:
1876:
1874:
1871:
1868:
1865:
1862:
1860:
1857:
1854:
1851:
1849:
1843:
1835:
1832:
1829:
1821:
1818:
1815:
1812:
1804:
1801:
1798:
1795:
1794:Opportunities
1789:
1780:
1778:
1775:
1772:
1764:
1761:
1758:
1755:
1747:
1744:
1741:
1739:
1738:Te Pāti Māori
1733:
1724:
1722:
1719:
1716:
1708:
1705:
1702:
1699:
1691:
1688:
1685:
1683:
1677:
1668:
1666:
1663:
1660:
1652:
1649:
1646:
1643:
1635:
1632:
1629:
1627:
1621:
1612:
1610:
1607:
1604:
1596:
1593:
1590:
1587:
1579:
1576:
1573:
1571:
1565:
1556:
1554:
1551:
1548:
1540:
1537:
1534:
1531:
1523:
1520:
1517:
1515:
1509:
1500:
1498:
1495:
1492:
1484:
1481:
1478:
1475:
1467:
1464:
1461:
1459:
1453:
1449:
1446:
1440:
1435:
1432:
1429:
1426:
1420:
1415:
1412:
1411:
1392:
1388:
1383:
1380:
1374:
1372:
1367:
1365:
1360:
1358:
1354:
1353:Te Pāti Māori
1350:
1346:
1342:
1338:
1334:
1330:
1327:(right-wing,
1326:
1322:
1318:
1314:
1310:
1306:
1302:
1298:
1294:
1289:
1287:
1283:
1278:
1275:
1268:
1264:
1260:
1255:
1245:
1242:
1238:
1234:
1230:
1228:
1224:
1220:
1216:
1212:
1208:
1207:1993 election
1204:
1200:
1196:
1191:
1189:
1185:
1181:
1177:
1173:
1172:second-ballot
1169:
1165:
1161:
1157:
1153:
1149:
1145:
1139:
1135:
1125:
1123:
1120:and an early
1119:
1115:
1111:
1107:
1103:
1099:
1094:
1092:
1091:statutory law
1088:
1084:
1076:
1072:
1068:
1066:
1062:
1058:
1054:
1050:
1049:annual Budget
1040:
1037:
1035:
1032:
1030:
1027:
1026:
1022:
1020:
1017:
1015:
1012:
1010:
1007:
1006:
1002:
1000:
994:
991:
990:
986:
984:
979:
976:
975:
961:
954:
944:
942:
938:
934:
930:
926:
922:
918:
914:
910:
906:
903:
899:
895:
889:
879:
877:
873:
869:
864:
862:
858:
854:
850:
846:
842:
838:
834:
830:
826:
824:
820:
816:
812:
808:
804:
800:
796:
792:
788:
784:
780:
776:
771:
769:
765:
761:
760:head of state
757:
753:
749:
745:
741:
737:
733:
729:
725:
721:
717:
705:
700:
698:
693:
691:
686:
685:
683:
682:
676:
673:
672:
670:
660:
659:
652:
649:
647:
644:
643:
637:
636:
629:
626:
624:
621:
620:
614:
613:
605:
602:
600:
599:Republicanism
597:
595:
592:
590:
587:
585:
582:
580:
577:
575:
572:
570:
567:
565:
562:
560:
557:
556:
549:
548:
541:
538:
537:
533:
530:
528:
525:
523:
520:
518:
515:
514:
510:
506:
503:
502:
496:
492:
489:
488:
487:
484:
483:
480:
475:
474:
467:
464:
462:
459:
457:
454:
453:
450:
445:
444:
437:
434:
427:
424:
422:
419:
418:
412:
411:
406:
403:
401:
398:
397:
395:
394:
392:
390:
387:
385:
382:
378:
374:
373:
372:
369:
365:
361:
360:Chief Justice
358:
357:
356:
355:Supreme Court
353:
352:
349:
344:
343:
336:
333:
331:
328:
321:
318:
316:
313:
311:
308:
306:
302:
301:
299:
294:
291:
289:
286:
284:
281:
279:
275:
274:
272:
271:
269:
267:
264:
260:
257:
256:
255:
252:
250:
247:
245:
242:
241:
238:
233:
232:
225:
222:
218:
214:
211:
210:
209:
206:
204:
201:
200:
197:
191:
186:
185:
178:
175:
173:
170:
166:
163:
162:
160:
156:
153:
149:
146:
144:
141:
140:
138:
134:
131:
130:
127:
122:
121:
114:
111:
107:
104:
103:
101:
97:
94:
89:
84:
83:
82:
79:
78:
75:
70:
69:
65:
61:
60:
57:
56:
52:
48:
47:
43:
39:
38:
31:
27:
19:
9601:Architecture
9568:Prostitution
9494:Homelessness
9452:Demographics
9374:Reserve Bank
9149:Human rights
9112:Constitution
9099:
9073:Subdivisions
9027:New Plymouth
9012:Invercargill
8992:Christchurch
8925:South Island
8920:North Island
8880:Biodiversity
8845:Independence
8635:Dependencies
8621:Cook Islands
8567:
8477:By-elections
8264:
7891:
7864:
7841:
7832:
7812:
7788:. Retrieved
7779:
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4099:
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3945:
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3928:Bill English
3913:
3864:Jim Anderton
3853:
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3791:
3783:public works
3774:Labour Party
3767:
3730:
3701:
3697:Mabel Howard
3682:
3674:Lord Glasgow
3659:
3615:te reo Māori
3605:
3594:
3553:
3532:
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3504:
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3476:conservative
3469:
3449:
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3403:, utilising
3398:
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3335:at the 2016
3313:anti-nuclear
3275:
3248:
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3111:Asia-Pacific
3104:
3082:(OECD), and
3049:
2996:
2977:
2945:
2921:
2906:
2873:
2825:
2800:supply bills
2792:a government
2789:
2779:
2762:
2750:royal assent
2735:
2700:
2684:
2656:
2628:
2574:
2553:
2383:Valid votes
2312:
2301:
2287:
2267:
2256:
2242:
2222:
2211:
2197:
2124:
2113:
2099:
2079:
2068:
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1883:
1872:
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1776:
1720:
1664:
1608:
1552:
1496:
1368:
1361:
1357:Māori rights
1335:(left-wing,
1321:conservative
1313:centre-right
1290:
1282:waka-jumping
1273:
1271:
1231:
1215:party's list
1192:
1141:
1095:
1080:
1046:
1034:Chris Bishop
891:
865:
836:
832:
827:
811:Labour Party
772:
762:, while his
715:
713:
569:Conservatism
64:Constitution
41:
26:
9536:LGBT issues
9504:Immigration
9442:Citizenship
9379:Rogernomics
9315:Agriculture
9193:enforcement
8905:Environment
8900:Earthquakes
8777:Archaeology
8751:New Zealand
8568:New Zealand
8334:Referendums
7544:22 November
7516:22 November
7206:(1): 1–15.
7101:25 November
7075:25 November
6515:15 December
6505:"Apartheid"
6461:15 December
6435:15 December
6287:19 February
6259:15 December
6175:15 December
6147:15 December
6112:15 December
6086:15 December
6060:15 December
5983:29 November
5788:"Embassies"
5772:8 September
5718:8 September
5693:8 September
5662:8 September
5615:8 September
5593:8 September
5560:8 September
5538:8 September
5516:8 September
5491:18 December
5341:8 September
5319:30 November
5267:29 November
5241:27 November
4982:10 February
4634:17 December
4354:8 September
4277:30 December
4246:28 February
4186:clgf.org.uk
3909:Peter Dunne
3892:Māori Party
3872:Green Party
3860:Helen Clark
3841:Tim Barnett
3839:. In 1996,
3712:Helen Clark
3505:In 1879 an
3185:rule of law
3165:immigration
3040:Helen Clark
2770:(currently
2731:legislation
2703:Charles III
2630:Charles III
2349:Independent
2044:DemocracyNZ
1999:Freedoms NZ
1397:Party vote
1349:nationalist
1333:Green Party
1301:centre-left
1100:are called
983:Charles III
947:Legislature
728:independent
532:Visa policy
405:Environment
377:Mark Cooper
375:President:
330:Referendums
249:Electorates
190:Legislature
88:Charles III
9666:Television
9621:Literature
9509:Irreligion
9489:Healthcare
9474:Euthanasia
9245:Government
9220:Parliament
9154:Disability
9047:Wellington
8417:euthanasia
7790:22 October
7759:28 January
7731:1 November
7703:19 October
7677:13 January
7648:27 October
7622:27 October
7439:19 October
7015:31 January
6987:31 January
6939:31 January
6913:31 January
6597:24 January
6034:9 November
6009:9 November
5955:9 November
5926:9 November
5900:9 November
5874:9 November
5848:9 November
5750:27 October
5640:31 January
5466:7 December
5157:21 October
5103:4 November
5097:gg.govt.nz
4997:Boyce 2008
4859:31 October
4837:19 October
4808:19 October
4717:19 October
4494:31 January
4160:22 January
4150:"CPI 2022"
4134:14 October
4106:27 January
4100:gg.govt.nz
4077:References
3914:After the
3743:See also:
3654:suffragist
3639:See also:
3589:See also:
3568:West Coast
3480:Canterbury
3472:provincial
3317:Wellington
3141:See also:
3070:, and the
2984:federation
2954:common law
2934:, and the
2894:High Court
2860:See also:
2817:manifestos
2804:coalitions
2796:confidence
2530:3,688,292
2514:3,688,292
2490:2,842,073
2479:2,884,111
2395:2,742,677
2386:2,851,211
2277:New Nation
1479:1,192,251
1462:1,085,851
1315:, and has
1160:electorate
999:Cindy Kiro
937:entrenched
843:exercises
589:Liberalism
421:Māori Land
400:Employment
384:High Court
106:Cindy Kiro
85:King
9514:Languages
9469:Education
9332:Companies
9277:Ministers
9171:Judiciary
9117:Elections
9059:Whangārei
8964:Volcanism
8937:Mountains
8859:Geography
8538:Australia
8019:1875–1876
7996:1860–1861
7966:Elections
7671:France 24
7490:18 August
7382:0031-2290
7341:18 August
7270:17 August
7244:18 August
7220:153653062
7183:18 August
7161:18 August
7132:18 August
6233:14 August
5433:cite book
5213:8 January
5072:143050540
4779:30 August
4580:9 January
4551:9 January
4196:25 August
4082:Citations
3965:landslide
3952:plurality
3695:in 1933.
3572:Blackball
3484:gold rush
3360:over the
3207:" in the
3181:Democracy
3020:members.
2850:Judiciary
2742:ministers
2707:sovereign
1436:Of total
1416:Of total
1359:-based).
1325:ACT Party
1128:Elections
1098:lawmakers
1038:National
902:no formal
900:. It has
849:ministers
845:authority
756:sovereign
750:in which
604:Socialism
564:Christian
559:Anarchism
348:Judiciary
276:General:
237:Elections
148:Ministers
74:The Crown
9714:Category
9694:Category
9573:Religion
9541:Naturism
9437:Abortion
9389:Taxation
9210:Monarchy
9205:Military
9159:Intersex
9100:Politics
9042:Tauranga
9007:Hastings
9002:Hamilton
8987:Auckland
8872:Physical
8840:Dominion
8772:Timeline
8553:Kiribati
8412:cannabis
7784:Archived
7697:BBC News
7119:(1966).
6800:Archived
6777:(2004),
6489:30 March
5894:oecd.org
5823:16 March
5798:16 March
5395:12 March
5077:30 April
4000:See also
3924:John Key
3876:election
3868:Alliance
3787:unionism
3599:and the
3570:town of
3540:Liberals
3511:Parihaka
3488:Victoria
3445:Auckland
3010:district
3002:regional
2899:and the
2834:heads a
2780:de facto
2746:dissolve
1848:NZ Loyal
1759:106,584
1686:173,553
1682:NZ First
1647:149,507
1630:246,473
1591:226,575
1574:330,907
1535:855,963
1518:767,540
1458:National
1345:populist
1274:de facto
1237:reserved
1223:overhang
1184:National
1106:Suffrage
1019:National
905:codified
813:and the
594:Populism
584:Feminism
552:Ideology
522:Passport
491:Minister
9685:Outline
9661:Symbols
9616:Cuisine
9593:Culture
9499:Housing
9425:Society
9399:Tourism
9362:Poverty
9303:Economy
9253:Cabinet
9144:Gun law
9081:Regions
9052:capital
9037:Rotorua
8997:Dunedin
8915:Islands
8910:Geology
8890:Climate
8760:History
8704:Tokelau
8603:Vanuatu
7803:Sources
7315:24 June
7049:25 July
6961:28 July
6806:19 June
6767:17 July
6409:22 July
6383:22 July
6357:22 July
5369:20 July
5363:Newshub
5313:govt.nz
4956:10 July
4931:19 July
4663:20 July
3536:Fabians
3437:Russell
3370:History
3290:Moruroa
3251:liberal
3086:of the
2960:), and
2951:English
2813:mandate
2764:Cabinet
2744:and to
2600:Beehive
2510:turnout
2493:100.00
2482:100.00
2441:59,043
2432:16,633
2418:40,353
2409:16,267
2361:34,277
2062:12,060
1967:12,566
1950:13,025
1897:16,126
1893:NewZeal
1866:32,240
1852:34,478
1816:27,975
1799:63,344
1742:87,844
1703:76,676
1441:Change
1421:Change
1351:), and
1331:), the
1317:liberal
963:Office
894:unitary
857:Cabinet
791:elected
754:is the
732:unitary
617:History
579:Fascism
456:Regions
303:Local:
213:Speaker
143:Cabinet
137:current
81:Monarch
9699:Portal
9611:Cinema
9551:"Kiwi"
9546:People
9484:Health
9357:Mining
9342:Energy
9337:Dollar
9132:Voting
9022:Nelson
9017:Napier
8979:Cities
8959:Rivers
8835:Colony
8679:Hawaii
8598:Tuvalu
7898:
7871:
7852:
7820:
7462:
7380:
7218:
7040:
6884:28 May
6859:28 May
6834:28 May
6538:
6313:6 June
6309:. 2020
5977:Forbes
5896:. OECD
5421:
5183:1 July
5070:
5019:
4770:
4192:. 2019
3795:market
3721:, and
3622:te reo
3604:those
3443:, and
3439:, the
3364:, 2004
3280:. The
3159:, and
3149:, and
3066:, the
3058:, the
3016:, and
3014:mayors
2758:advise
2533:77.06
2517:78.20
2476:Total
2452:Below
2281:1,530
2250:2,623
2236:2,105
2191:2,513
2155:3,167
2138:4,532
2107:5,829
2093:5,018
2048:6,786
2003:9,586
1914:3,585
1796:(TOP)
1577:11.61
1546:16.86
1538:31.21
1529:23.09
1521:26.92
1514:Labour
1482:43.47
1473:12.51
1465:38.08
1450:Seats
1433:Votes
1430:Seats
1413:Votes
1405:seats
1403:Total
1394:Party
1263:Ballot
1188:Labour
1154:(FPP)
1089:(i.e.
1055:, the
972:Since
969:Party
919:. The
915:, and
861:advice
833:reigns
777:holds
9656:Sport
9651:Radio
9636:Music
9631:Media
9583:Waste
9561:Women
9556:Māori
9519:Māori
9447:Crime
8969:Water
8932:Lakes
8885:Caves
8593:Tonga
8583:Samoa
8573:Palau
8563:Nauru
8408:2020
7780:Stuff
7643:Stuff
7594:1 May
7566:(PDF)
7413:8 May
7407:Stuff
7387:8 May
7216:S2CID
6741:1 May
6654:1 May
6623:1 May
6571:1 May
6456:Stuff
6378:Stuff
6281:Stuff
5744:(PDF)
5737:(PDF)
5485:(PDF)
5293:1 May
5129:7 May
5068:S2CID
5028:7 May
4685:8 May
4606:8 May
4439:8 May
4332:8 May
4298:8 May
4218:8 May
4182:(PDF)
4114:'
3811:ANZUS
3560:(see
3548:taxes
3425:Māori
3353:hīkoi
3193:title
3127:ANZUS
3119:Samoa
2701:King
2690:since
2662:since
2634:since
2541:5.18
2525:4.04
2372:0.87
2364:1.25
2298:0.02
2284:0.05
2253:0.10
2239:0.07
2208:0.00
2194:0.08
2166:1.64
2158:0.12
2149:1.32
2141:0.15
2110:0.21
2096:0.17
2065:0.44
2051:0.23
2014:0.08
2006:0.33
1978:0.17
1970:0.46
1961:0.00
1953:0.45
1925:0.11
1917:0.13
1908:0.28
1900:0.56
1869:1.18
1855:1.20
1827:0.13
1819:1.02
1810:0.72
1802:2.22
1770:1.73
1762:3.89
1753:1.92
1745:3.08
1714:1.73
1706:2.80
1697:3.49
1689:6.09
1658:1.99
1650:5.45
1641:1.06
1633:8.64
1602:2.52
1594:8.26
1585:3.75
1570:Green
1490:9.34
1241:Māori
1219:seats
1083:bills
997:Dame
966:Name
837:rules
720:Māori
9287:list
9270:list
9258:list
9164:LGBT
8674:Guam
8626:Niue
8548:Fiji
8324:2022
8319:2019
8314:2016
8309:2013
8304:2010
8299:2007
8294:2004
8289:2001
8284:1853
8265:Next
8259:2023
8254:2020
8249:2017
8244:2014
8239:2011
8234:2008
8229:2005
8224:2002
8219:1999
8214:1996
8209:1993
8204:1990
8199:1987
8194:1984
8189:1981
8184:1978
8179:1975
8174:1972
8169:1969
8164:1966
8159:1963
8154:1960
8149:1957
8144:1954
8139:1951
8134:1949
8129:1946
8124:1943
8119:1938
8114:1935
8109:1931
8104:1928
8099:1925
8094:1922
8089:1919
8084:1914
8079:1911
8074:1908
8069:1905
8064:1902
8059:1899
8054:1896
8049:1893
8044:1890
8039:1887
8034:1884
8029:1881
8024:1879
8014:1871
8006:1868
8001:1866
7991:1855
7986:1853
7968:and
7896:ISBN
7869:ISBN
7850:ISBN
7818:ISBN
7792:2023
7761:2023
7733:2020
7705:2020
7679:2021
7650:2017
7624:2017
7596:2017
7546:2019
7518:2019
7492:2019
7460:ISBN
7441:2022
7415:2020
7389:2020
7378:ISSN
7343:2019
7317:2017
7272:2019
7246:2019
7185:2019
7163:2019
7134:2019
7103:2020
7077:2020
7051:2017
7038:ISBN
7017:2017
6989:2017
6963:2024
6941:2017
6915:2017
6886:2018
6861:2018
6836:2018
6808:2017
6769:2020
6743:2017
6656:2017
6625:2017
6599:2022
6573:2017
6536:ISBN
6517:2018
6491:2020
6463:2018
6437:2018
6411:2023
6385:2023
6359:2023
6315:2022
6289:2022
6261:2018
6235:2019
6177:2018
6149:2018
6114:2018
6088:2018
6062:2018
6036:2019
6011:2019
5985:2019
5957:2019
5928:2019
5902:2019
5876:2019
5850:2019
5825:2024
5800:2024
5774:2017
5752:2017
5720:2017
5695:2017
5664:2017
5642:2017
5617:2017
5595:2017
5562:2017
5540:2017
5518:2017
5493:2018
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