New Flemish Alliance

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Flemish history and Western values. In its current mission statement, the party claims that political divides in Belgium are not a xenophobic conflict but due to the political structure, arguing that Belgium has effectively been divided into two separate democracies since the 20th Century. The N-VA believes the solution is to redefine the Belgian state as a confederal union by means of transferring powers separately to both communities with a smaller government in Brussels. The N-VA argues that Flanders should pursue more independent economic, taxation and foreign policies which it believes will lead to gradual Flemish secessionism. The party also supports a review into financial transfers from Flanders to

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Flemish political landscape and took the place that CD&V had occupied for decades as the largest Flemish party. After the election, some media commentators attributed the party's result to the style of De Wever while others argued the N-VA was able to win over conservative and Flemish nationalist supporters of the Vlaams Belang who had supported the VB out of necessity as the main Flemish separatist party but regarded it as extreme by offering a moderate alternative, as well as voters of the Open VLD and CD&V who felt those parties had moved to the left and had not performed well in government.

429: 501: 5524: 2761: 49: 1001:; N-VA was against this, whereas the other three parties in the federal government supported it. On 4 December 2018, Charles Michel announced that the issue would be taken to parliament for a vote. On 5 December, parliament voted 106 to 36 in favor of backing the agreement. Michel stated that he would endorse the pact on behalf of parliament, not on behalf of the divided government. Consequently, N-VA quit the federal government; the other three parties continue as a minority government ( 1642:, the party remained in first place in the Chamber of Representatives, European Parliament and Flemish Parliament, but saw a decline of their vote share for the first time, obtaining 16.03% of the votes in the Federal Parliament. With a decline of 24.7% of their votes compared to 2014, the N-VA suffered the biggest election defeat of any Flemish government party in the last fifty years. The decline in votes was in part due to a sudden upsurge in support for the 5497: 6305: 1650: 1464: 2722: 2686: 2641: 2456: 2425: 2394: 2363: 2259: 2193: 2160: 2040: 2018: 1996: 1968: 1870: 1839: 1797: 1766: 1735: 158: 5483: 1041:(Volksunie) party which existed from 1954–2001, it is, however, based on an established political tradition. The N-VA works towards the same goal as its Volksunie predecessor: to redefine Flemish nationalism in a contemporary setting. The N-VA's leader Bart De Wever calls himself a conservative and a nationalist. In its early years, the N-VA argued for a Flemish Republic as a member state of a democratic 1487: 2596: 2226: 859:(Open VLD) and entered the N-VA on behalf of the party executive. However, the party congress did not put Dedecker on the election list, instead preferring to continue the cartel with CD&V, who had strongly opposed placing him on a joint cartel list. Dedecker saw this as a vote of no confidence, and left the party after only 10 days, to form his own party, 601:(EU) which the N-VA regarded as an important means to give Flanders more international influence, but has since shifted to a "Eurorealist" or "Eurocritical" stance by calling for democratic reform of the EU and opposing a Federal Superstate. The party is known for its insistence on the exclusive use of 1303:

direction and takes an opposition stance towards EU integration by arguing EU member states should have the right to self-determination. The N-VA calls for less interference at national decision making levels and for the right for EU members to maintain their cultural identity, more democratic reform

1227:

while significantly reducing unskilled immigration and including a compulsory "integration contract" for immigrants to learn Dutch and undergo a values and social skills test before receiving Belgian citizenship. The N-VA also argues that dual nationals should be stripped of their citizenship if they

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and taxing cars by the number of kilometres driven. It wanted more aid for developing countries and more compulsory measures to require that immigrants learn Dutch. The party has generally been supportive of LGBT rights and backed same-sex marriage in Belgium. It calls for measures to protect weaker

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for Belgium maximum authority and responsibility for the different regions of the country, whereby the Flemish and Walloon regions and communities are rewarded for good policies and punished for bad policies. The party also campaigned for revisions to Belgium's finance laws and reforms to the health

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who served as Belgium's Secretary of State for Asylum and Migration sought to tighten laws on family migration and was noted for overseeing a record deportation of illegal immigrants and foreigners with criminal backgrounds. This policy made him the most popular politician in public opinion polls.

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which he terms as "scientific nationalism" that distances the N-VA from the more far-right nationalism advocated by the Vlaams Belang, but on the other, leads the N-VA to use more cultural arguments compared to parties like the SNP such as defending Western values and an ethnically defined Flemish

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rather than a federal state by securing more autonomy and political powers for both the Flemish and Walloon regions of Belgium. This strategy assumed that through successive transfers of powers from the federal level to both regions on the one hand, and the European Union on the other, the Belgian

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movement and describes its beliefs as combining civic and cultural nationalism. The party promotes what it calls inclusive nationalism not defined by revolutionary or racist sentiments in which newcomers can become part of the Flemish community through compulsory learning of the Dutch language,

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parties with its regionalist platform while also differing from other independence movements in this category like the SNP which tend to hold progressive social and economic agendas since the N-VA promotes more neoliberal policies and stances on immigration and multiculturalism that are more in

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The N-VA made a major breakthrough and won the elections with just under 28% of the Flemish votes in the Chamber (31% in the Senate), making it the largest party in Flanders and Belgium. The party acquired 27 seats in the Chamber. As a result, N-VA became the dominant political formation in the

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for the first time. The party did not see any candidates elected in French-speaking districts, but it remained in first place in the Flemish region in the Federal Parliament despite polls indicating it would be overtaken by Vlaams Belang while it finished joint-first with the VB in the Flemish

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because it reduces complex political problems to territorial issues. N-VA responded that "foreign media find the party difficult to place, so they just label us as extremists." Some commentators have attributed these shifts as a response to a revival in support for the Flemish nationalist

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On economic policy, the N-VA calls for reduced national debts and balanced budget in the Flemish and Federal Parliaments. It has generally advocated for free-market policies and limits on certain government spending. It also supports increased trade and business investment for Flanders.

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country through gradually obtaining more powers for both Belgian communities separately with the belief that this will pave the way for eventual Flemish independence. During its early years, the N-VA mostly followed the platform of the former VU by characterising itself as a

1045:. In its initial mission statement, the party stated that the challenges of the 21st century can best be answered by strong communities and by well-developed international co-operation, a position which reflected in their tagline: "Necessary in Flanders, useful in Europe." ( 756:; and a centrist group opposing the imminent split. An internal referendum was held on the future course of the party. The right wing gained a substantial plurality of 47% and inherited the party infrastructure. Since no faction got an absolute majority, however, the name 1281:

to more sectors and against a European carbon border tax. At the Flemish level, the N-VA and the Flemish government are in favor of a 40% reduction in emissions by 2030, while the EU is calling for a 47% reduction, an objective for which Brussels and Wallonia do commit.

1241:, arguing that it prevents inclusiveness and social cohesion among the population, and has accused French-speaking parties of pushing mass immigration and multicultural policies onto Flanders through Belgian state politics. In 2018, the party opposed the UN 889:

The cartel ended definitively on 24 September 2008, due to lack of progression in state reform matters and a different strategy on future negotiations. N-VA left the Flemish Government and gave up its support of Leterme at the federal level.

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in character (which it regarded as an important means of gaining legitimacy for Flemish nationalism on an international stage); in 2010, the party called for "an ever stronger and more united Europe." However, the party has since moved in a

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placed on the Vlaams Belang party and recently has been more open to negotiating with the VB, although accepting former Vlaams Blok/Vlaams Belang members as defectors into the N-VA still remains controversial within some ranks of the party.

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During the N-VA's early years, a label for the political orientation for the party was difficult to find. Although the N-VA articulated its ideology as centre-right, it also borrowed from its Volksunie predecessor by presenting itself as a

1017:, the party again polled in first place in the Flemish region. However, it also saw a decline in vote share for the first time, falling to 25.6% of the Flemish vote with commentators arguing this was due to a revival of the Vlaams Belang. 1173:

by adopting tougher stances on immigration, integration of minorities, requirements to obtain Belgian citizenship, law and order, national security and repatriation of foreign born criminals and illegal immigrants. In 2015, German weekly

581:) in order to legitimise increased Flemish autonomy. The party also espoused non-interventionalist and pro-individual freedom messages in its original platform. In subsequent years, the N-VA moved to the right and adopted a distinctly 3806: 502: 1559:

party (CD&V). The cartel won the elections for the Flemish Parliament. The N-VA received a total of 6 seats. However, on 21 September 2008 the N-VA lost its faith in the federal government and the following day minister

1250:, which also campaigned against the Migration Compact. The N-VA also supports increased spending and resources for the police and border forces, as well as more resources for counter-terrorism and national security efforts. 4670: 4210: 946:

and education systems. De Wever also called on all the Flemish parties to work together to push for confederalism and campaigned for the idea that no government formation in Belgium should exclude a Flemish majority.

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could no longer be used under Belgian constitutional law and the VU was dissolved. The centre-right orientated faction of the VU went on to found the N-VA while the remaining centre-left faction reorganized itself as

4096: 709:, de facto leader of the VU's traditionalist and centre-right nationalist wing, put together the so-called "Oranjehofgroep" (which would go on to become the bedrock of the N-VA) which included fellow VU members 1245:

and subsequently withdrew its participation in the Belgian government in protest of its passing. Some commentators have attributed these shifts as a response to a revival in support for the Flemish nationalist

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In the Belgian federal election of 2007, the CD&V/N-VA cartel won a major victory again, with a campaign focusing on good governance, state reform and the division of the electoral district

609:

and immediate tax reductions to stimulate the economy. It also supports stricter law and order and controlled immigration policies, with stronger measures to integrate immigrants in Flanders.

1148:, defining itself as a small c conservative party while rejecting radical populism. The N-VA has also been described as part of the "sub-state nationalist" family of parties similar to the 3862: 953:

The N-VA also performed strongly during the 2012 Belgian local elections but was criticized by political opponents for featuring former Vlaams Belang and Vlaams Blok politicians such as

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are convicted of terrorism and other serious crimes and for the removal of illegal immigrants. The party also established a new government position of Minister for Integration in the

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course of the People's Union. These experiments were opposed by the more traditional right-wing party base. Many of the VU's more ardent national-conservative members defected to the

4272: 902:, N-VA won an unexpected 13% of the votes, making them the winner of the elections, along with their old cartel partner CD&V. N-VA subsequently joined the government, led by 6034: 1161:

common with right-leaning European parties. Belgian professor Ico Maly has described the N-VA's current ideology as drawing on the intellectual beliefs of the party's leader

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nationalist movement that combined left- and right-wing policies but focused on Flemish issues above all else. The N-VA also summed up its initial platform with the motto

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on their local lists. De Wever responded by stating that only a small number of VB politicians were running as N-VA candidates. The N-VA emerged as the largest party in

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The six biggest Flemish political parties and their results for the House of Representatives (Kamer). From 1978 to 2014, in percentages of the total vote in Belgium.

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Within the decade of its founding, the N-VA has shifted from a big tent to a conservative party by basing some of its socio-economic policies on that of the British

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in 2003, N-VA received 3.1% of the votes, but won only one seat in the federal parliament. In February 2004, they formed an electoral alliance (cartel) with the

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of the political spectrum with Flemish nationalism linked to the core of its policy ideas and messages. The N-VA initially advocated deepening ties with the

4632: 937:, all of the other Belgian parties distanced themselves from the N-VA resulting in De Wever accusing the Belgian political establishment of plotting a new 729:

and separatist direction, while the wing helmed by Anciaux was looking to merge the Volksunie with its progressive programme with another political party.

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and the Wallonia region, arguing that such a policy threatens solidarity between different linguistic groups and has been a burden on Flemish tax payers.

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The party calls for more strict immigration policies and reforms to asylum laws on its platform, proritizing knowledge-based immigration similar to the

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arguing for a more pragmatic and less radical approach to Flemish nationalism. The N-VA first argued that a Flemish nationalist party was needed in the

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of border protection to reinforce its external border and work with nations outside of Europe to stem the flow of illegal migrants arriving by sea.

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into a confederal country. In recent years it has become the largest party of Flanders as well as of Belgium as a whole, and it participated in the

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was a founder member. Since the EFA tends to contain parties on the left, the N-VA stands out due to its more centre-right orientation. During the

886:). On 20 March 2008, a new federal government was finally assembled. N-VA did not join this government, but gave its support pending state reform. 785:, N-VA) was officially registered. Seven members of parliament from the People's Union joined the new party. The new party council created a party 678:

from both sides of the political spectrum with the N-VA's founders largely encompassing the more centre-right and pro-independence wing of the VU.

5409:

The Statecraft of Consensus Democracies in a Turbulent World: A Comparative Study of Austria, Belgium, Luxembourg, the Netherlands and Switzerland

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who belonged to the iD21 wing. Factions subsequently clashed multiple times, over the future course of the party and possible support for current

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After five months of discussions, a coalition between CD&V, Open Vld, MR and N-VA was formed on 7 October 2014, with Walloon MR politician

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members of society but also robust welfare reform and limits to welfare benefits to encourage people back into work and reduce unemployment.

6354: 6344: 1399: 4671:"The New Flemish Alliance's decision to join the ECR group says more about Belgian politics than it does about their attitude toward the EU" 4211:"The New Flemish Alliance's decision to join the ECR group says more about Belgian politics than it does about their attitude toward the EU" 1308:. The party is critical of the EU's stance on illegal immigration (in particular its handling of the migrant crisis) and the role played by 4363: 2694: 2654: 2609: 2568: 2528: 1624: 1598: 1568: 1391: 573:

party with Flemish nationalism as its central theme. Furthermore, it emphasized a pragmatic and non-revolutionary image (as opposed to the

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Since 2014, the N-VA has been described as continuing to move ideologically further to the right under the influence of Bart De Wever and

725:. The Oranjehofgroep opposed the direction in which the party was being taken by Anciaux and wanted the VU to pursue a more conservative, 6224: 5817: 4983: 2844: 2829: 2647: 1395: 625: 621: 241: 236: 1819: 1777: 1746: 1715: 789:

and a statement of principles. The first party congress was held in May 2002, voting on a party program and permanent party structures.

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The New Flemish Alliance is a relatively young political party, founded in the autumn of 2001. Being one of the successors of the

6404: 6379: 6239: 5544: 1403: 1278: 6178: 6093: 5882: 5011: 4849: 5842: 977:, the N-VA again emerged as the largest party in both Flanders and Belgium as a whole. In the aftermath of the election, King 741: 6399: 6394: 6265: 5417: 4907: 4801: 4743: 4395: 4140: 4046: 3975: 3948: 3919: 3892: 3837: 3699: 1597:) won an unexpected 13% of the votes, making them the winner of the elections along with their former cartel partner. In the 1387: 705:

after becoming disgruntled with direction of the party, prompting a further decline in support. Around this time, VU member

5996: 5984: 5601: 5560: 4929: 2880: 1579: 871: 856: 462: 305: 17: 4432: 5837: 5723: 2602: 3765: 1104:

both to represent the Flemish people and to work with politicians from all Belgian communities to redefine Belgium as a

5537: 6374: 1926: 1850: 1690: 617: 5116:"Issue communitarisation in Belgian politics: explaining the prolonged appeal of New Flemish Alliance's nationalism" 1976: 1948: 1140:. Political scientist Glen Duerr has described the N-VA's current position as evolving to somewhere between that of 6384: 5772: 5595: 2805: 2740: 2477: 2280: 2058: 1891: 1594: 1556: 829: 382: 5675: 6369: 5630: 4539: 4326: 4232: 4116: 1620: 1590: 1375: 1304:

of the EU and rejecting a Federal EU Superstate, and arguing that economically unstable nations should leave the

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agenda implemented, friction between several wings of the People's Union emerged. In the beginning of the 1990s,

812:. With only one federal representative and no senator, the party lost government funding and faced irrelevance. 6364: 6349: 5910: 5787: 3261: 1153: 5115: 4693: 6329: 5713: 5568: 4759: 2929: 1639: 1612: 1605: 1575: 1552: 1426: 1021: 1014: 974: 934: 797: 293: 251: 6409: 6077: 6072: 5750: 1242: 998: 832:(CD&V) party, the traditionally largest party, which was then in opposition. They joined forces in the 523: 166: 5254: 4793:

Euroscepticism as a Transnational and Pan-European Phenomenon: The Emergence of a New Sphere of Opposition

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Towards the end of the 20th century, with a steadily declining electorate and the majority of the party's

6198: 6108: 5953: 5852: 5703: 5698: 4064:""Ce n'est pas la fin de la Belgique, soyons clair": Théo Francken explicite sa vision du confédéralisme" 3715: 1383: 1379: 1331: 1313: 1193: 1038: 938: 825: 659: 653: 564:

party with the main objective of working towards furthering Flemish autonomy and redefining Belgium as a

531: 121: 4327:""Pour une Wallonie prospère": N-VA trekt met 77 kandidaten naar verkiezingen in alle Waalse provincies" 4005: 6203: 6173: 5921: 5812: 4218: 3264:

of the Flemish Government and Flemish Minister for Culture, Foreign Policy and Development Cooperation

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branch in 2024, although it didn't manage to win any seats in the Belgian elections of that same year.

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Vice minister-president of the Flemish Government and Flemish Minister for Education, Animal Welfare,

6339: 6275: 6244: 6128: 5862: 5657: 5607: 2797: 863:(LDD). Deputy leader Brepoels, who supported Dedecker, stepped down from the party board afterwards. 4038:

The Welfare State as Crisis Manager: Explaining the Diversity of Policy Responses to Economic Crisis

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Regional and National Elections in Western Europe: Territoriality of the Vote in Thirteen Countries

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published a list of 39 successful radical political parties in Europe. The paper described N-VA as

867: 222: 5663: 3970:. Cristóbal Rovira Kaltwasser. Cambridge, United Kingdom: Cambridge University Press. p. 34. 6168: 6138: 5969: 5906: 5896: 5782: 5613: 3598: 1149: 1137: 749: 5158: 549:. Within the Flemish Movement, the party strives for the peaceful and gradual transformation of 6280: 6183: 6133: 6118: 6044: 5929: 5792: 5137: 1402:. Since 2014, the N-VA has served on the bureau for the ECR group and sits alongside the Czech 1367: 1359: 698: 613: 538: 228: 5407: 5273:"N-VA and Vlaams Belang vote against foundations of the European Green Dealdate=18 April 2023" 5090: 4036: 3909: 3825: 3784: 744:. On 13 October 2001, the party openly split into three factions: the progressive wing around 6309: 6229: 6163: 6067: 4791: 4731: 4385: 3936: 3880: 3687: 3645: 1394:, the N-VA announced it was moving to a new group and chose the conservative and eurosceptic 1224: 737: 605:, Flanders' sole official language, in dealings with government agencies. The N-VA advocates 561: 530:. The party was established in 2001 by the right-leaning faction of the centrist-nationalist 200: 6193: 5892: 5385: 3443: 3293: 2990: 2969: 2836: 2699: 2614: 1125: 1065: 1061: 1002: 467: 391: 5012:"Global Compact for Migration – A Missed Opportunity for Europe.work=theglobalobservatory" 1056:

Presently, the N-VA is generally characterised by political scientists and journalists as

428: 8: 6054: 6001: 4882: 4101: 3009: 2814: 1632: 1274: 1232:

after becoming the largest party in the Flemish Parliament. In Federal politics, N-VA MP

1207: 1179: 1113: 978: 958: 852: 726: 629: 606: 554: 457: 370: 204: 184: 6012: 5184: 3742: 3636: 3577: 3504: 3337: 3275: 3234: 3213: 2997: 1628: 1540: 1229: 927: 919: 821: 801: 574: 405: 339: 215: 194: 6123: 5523: 736:

was elected chairman by party members, in preference to the incumbent and progressive

6270: 6113: 5413: 5343: 5290: 5207: 4903: 4797: 4739: 4391: 4299: 4042: 3981: 3971: 3944: 3915: 3888: 3833: 3695: 3565: 3551: 3240: 3073: 3033: 1528: 1411: 793:

was elected chairman. The N-VA initially continued some of the VU's former policies.

694: 546: 4899:

Secessionism and the European Union: The Future of Flanders, Scotland, and Catalonia

4818: 3826:"Evaluating and explaining the restrictive backlash in citizenship policy in Europe" 3737: 1615:, N-VA increased their dominant position, taking votes and seats from the far-right 5465: 5434: 5272: 4938: 4858: 4705: 3478: 3431: 3414: 3369: 3322: 3153: 3103: 3019: 2950: 2533: 1643: 1616: 1583: 1415: 1407: 1263: 1238: 1129: 1121: 1093: 915: 875: 762: 675: 512: 322: 174: 79: 48: 4925:"Recasting the state: The Scottish National Party and the Nieuw-Vlaamse Alliantie" 3881:"Torn Between Two Levels: Political Parties and Incongruent Coalitions in Belgium" 1564:

resigned. In a press conference he confirmed the end of the CD&V/N-VA cartel.

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Please help update this to reflect recent events or newly available information.

2659: 2573: 1561: 1534: 1516: 1457: 1089: 983: 911: 841: 809: 790: 753: 733: 710: 706: 671: 594: 590: 93: 83: 5034:"Belgium's 'Black Sunday' sees far-right surge, threatens new government crisis" 4984:"ZEIT ONLINE | Lesen Sie zeit.de mit Werbung oder imPUR-Abo. Sie haben die Wahl" 4250: 3885:

Politics Beyond the State: Actors and Policies in Complex Institutional Settings

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and won. Both parties joined the new Flemish government, led by CD&V leader

5529: 4474: 3464: 3424: 3393: 3376: 3085: 2861: 1347: 1291: 1073: 1046: 1042: 991: 778: 663: 602: 598: 520: 495: 483: 4178: 3985: 6323: 6285: 6148: 6143: 6103: 6098: 5718: 5589: 4863: 4844: 3603: 3544: 3530: 3525: 3497: 3450: 3438: 3193: 3183: 3163: 3092: 3045: 3004: 2983: 2964: 2957: 2922: 2905: 1522: 1510: 1480: 1247: 1233: 1188: 1170: 1162: 1141: 1117: 942: 907: 845: 805: 722: 690: 586: 578: 565: 542: 69: 3688:"Marketing an extremist ideology: the Vlaams Belang's nationalist discourse" 6234: 5961: 5807: 5506: 5364: 4346:"N-VA trekt overal in Wallonië naar de kiezer: dit zijn de 5 lijsttrekkers" 3965: 3669: 3591: 3471: 3400: 3173: 3123: 2851: 1371: 1334:

and sent a delegation of members to meet with Ukrainian officials in 2022.

1300: 1295: 1057: 954: 903: 879: 837: 745: 714: 686: 582: 516: 264: 179: 64: 5462:"Hoe de N-VA wegkomt met de grootste verkiezingsnederlaag in vijftig jaar" 5233: 4789: 4709: 6153: 5937: 5797: 3830:

Special Issue: Immigration, Citizenship, and the Constitution of Legality

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Flemish Minister for Justice, Planning, Environment, Energy, and Tourism

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However, the N-VA voted at European level against the foundations of the

1191:. In contrast to other Belgian parties, the N-VA is more critical of the 1077: 923: 702: 6158: 5777: 5322: 5309:"Francken wil naar Australisch asielmodel: 0 asielverzoeken in Brussel" 4943: 4924: 3911:

Europe, a Political Profile: An American Companion to European Politics

3362: 3256: 3026: 2936: 1608:, N-VA became the largest party of Flanders and of Belgium altogether. 1312:

in picking up migrants. The N-VA argues that the EU should emulate the

1183: 1105: 1069: 682: 138: 4294: 4292: 4290: 4236: 1390:(Greens/EFA) group in the European Parliament. However, following the 997:

In December 2018, a political crisis emerged over whether to sign the

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Flemish Minister for Finance, Budget, Housing and Immovable Heritage

3269: 3203: 786: 718: 143: 4287: 3537: 1305: 1212: 1175: 1085: 1025: 766: 636: 570: 5344:"Russia fears ahead of Belgium's double EU and national elections" 4845:"Introduction: Euroscepticism, from the margins to the mainstream" 4097:"Belgium's ruling coalition collapses over U.N. pact on migration" 4035:

Starke, Peter; Kaasch, Alexandra; Franca Van Hooren (7 May 2013).

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John FitzGibbon; Benjamin Leruth; Nick Startin (19 August 2016).

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The party has supported sending military and humanitarian aid to

1145: 962: 851:

The cartel was briefly broken when the former right-wing liberal

550: 527: 5681: 3313:, former Minister-President (2014–2019) and Minister (2004–2014) 1571:, N-VA had one MEP elected as part of the cartel with CD&V. 5802: 5482: 941:

against his party. In its election program, the N-VA advocated

4566:"Belgian PM Charles Michel wins backing for UN migration pact" 1486: 796:

The party participated in elections for the first time in the

5847: 5669: 5437:[N-VA chooses ECR Group in the European Parliament]. 5291:"Negotiations on climate and energy plan are at a standstill" 4518:"Dispute over UN migration pact fractures Belgian government" 4034: 4013: 3967:

Riding the populist wave: Europe's mainstream right in crisis

3692:

The Routledge Companion to Ethics, Politics and Organisations

1157: 1112:

In its 2009 election programme, the N-VA described itself as

271: 4649:"Why Belgian struggle for identity could tear country apart" 3611: 4433:"De Wever vraagt alle Vlaamse partijen één front te vormen" 3670:"Open VLD heeft de meeste leden en steekt CD&V voorbij" 3319:, former Minister-President (2019) and Minister (2014–2019) 1320: 442: 5060:"Belgium's far-right not ruled out of potential coalition" 1593:, N-VA (now on its own after the split of the cartel with 697:

and social democratic ideas of his iD21-movement with the

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initiated coalition talks, which repeatedly stalled (see

689:

became party president and led the party in an ever more

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character of the other main Flemish pro-separatist party

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stance, arguing for constructive methods and the use of

772: 4959:"Belgian right wing party fends off racism accusations" 4785: 4783: 4781: 4390:. Oxford University Press. September 2013. p. 26. 4364:"Kamerleden Oranjehofgroep keuren Lambermont niet goed" 3681: 3679: 5517: 4511: 4509: 3766:"'De verandering werkt.' En dat zal N-VA bewijzen ook" 1323:

and for military cooperation between European states.

1076:

but in recent years it has been defined as moderately

3869: 1319:

The N-VA supports continued Belgian participation in

1290:

In terms of foreign policy, the N-VA's stance on the

765:

and the centrist-liberal wing mostly folded into the

658:

The N-VA stems from the right-leaning faction of the

6335:

European Conservatives and Reformists member parties

4778: 3676: 1601:

held on the same day, the N-VA had one MEP elected.

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movement that self-identifies with the promotion of

5435:"N-VA kiest voor ECR-fractie in Europees Parlement" 4506: 597:, and previously advocated deepening ties with the 5503:This article includes inline links to audio files. 5208:"Theo Francken populairste politicus van ons land" 5180:"Bijna 11.000 vreemdelingen teruggestuurd in 2016" 4204: 4202: 4200: 4109: 4079: 4077: 3937:"The Partisan Logic of Decentralisation in Europe" 4179:"Belgians' pride in the EU quells Euroscepticism" 3878: 3685: 777:In the autumn of 2001, the New Flemish Alliance ( 6321: 5559: 4895: 4843:Brack, Nathalie; Startin, Nicholas (June 2015). 4028: 3824:Sara Wallace Goodman; Marc Morjé Howard (2013). 1627:, the N-VA also became the largest party in the 1024:, the N-VA announced it would run candidates in 752:party; the conservative nationalist wing around 4760:"High profile forum on LGBT rights in Brussels" 4540:"Belgian PM wins backing for UN migration pact" 4273:"Knack Magazine election manifesto review 2014" 4197: 4086:point 13: "Inclusion for newcomers" (in Dutch). 4074: 2518: 2101: 732:Tension rose towards the end of the decade, as 5602:Open Flemish Liberals and Democrats (Open Vld) 5432: 5405: 6028: 5545: 4613:"EXCLUSIVE. N-VA wants to emerge in Wallonia" 4173: 4171: 4169: 3939:. In Erk, Jan; Anderson, Lawrence M. (eds.). 2028: 2006: 1662: 1400:Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe 1353: 848:became the new party leader in October 2004. 647: 6189:United Macedonian Organization Ilinden–Pirin 4842: 4691: 4496:"Bart De Wever nommé informateur par le Roi" 3883:. In Deschouwer, Kris; M. Theo Jans (eds.). 1578:, the cartel won 30 out of 150 seats in the 5596:Christian Democratic and Flemish (CD&V) 5505:If you have trouble playing the files, see 4734:. In Dandoy, Régis; Schakel, Arjan (eds.). 4141:"The radicalisation of Flemish nationalism" 3998: 3686:Moufahim, Mona; Humphreys, Michael (2015). 3304: 1358:At European level, the N-VA is part of the 910:chose to remain party leader and appointed 820:In February 2004, the N-VA entered into an 6261:Hungarian Christian Democratic Association 6035: 6021: 5552: 5538: 5522: 5399: 4922: 4723: 4633:Trouw: "Laat Belgie maar rustig verdampen" 4166: 3928: 3690:. In Pullen, Alison; Rhodes, Carl (eds.). 1032: 804:of 5%. This threshold was only reached in 427: 47: 4942: 4876: 4874: 4862: 4816: 4810: 4412:"Wetstraat schrikt van geheime peilingen" 3901: 3832:. Emerald Group Publishing. p. 132. 3782: 3612:Parliament of the Brussels-Capital Region 3014:Independent seated with the N-VA faction 6225:Hungarian People's Party of Transylvania 5911:Party for Freedom and Progress (PVV/PLP) 5301: 5110: 5108: 5085: 5083: 5081: 4643: 4641: 4324: 3817: 3716:"Inside the far right's Flemish victory" 3621:Brussels Regional Parliament (2024–2029) 1648: 994:appointed as Prime Minister of Belgium. 6240:Party of Friendship, Equality and Peace 5412:. Taylor & Francis. pp. 213–. 5006: 5004: 4062:Fu, RTL info avec Lucas (1 June 2024). 3852: 3329: 1386:of 2009–2014, the N-VA was a member of 1279:European Union Emissions Trading System 1109:state will gradually become obsolete. 987:tasking him with forming a government. 815: 14: 6322: 6094:Autonomy Liberty Participation Ecology 5433:Van Overtveldt, Johan (18 June 2014). 4923:Brown Swan, Coree (15 December 2022). 4871: 4850:International Political Science Review 4796:. Taylor & Francis. pp. 56–. 4729: 4515: 4270: 4233:"FAQ – Nieuw-Vlaamse Alliantie (N-VA)" 4208: 3934: 3879:Buelens, Jo; Deschouwer, Kris (2007). 2882:Chamber of Representatives (2024–2029) 2487: 2073: 1346:The N-VA also supports abolishing the 1201: 968: 965:with De Wever being elected as mayor. 884:2007–2008 Belgian government formation 635:The party announced the creation of a 6360:Political parties established in 2001 6016: 5631:Libertarian, Direct, Democratic (LDD) 5533: 5459: 5105: 5078: 4880: 4692:Weyns, Jordy; Bursens, Peter (2022). 4638: 4163:, N-VA.be. Retrieved on 14 June 2010. 4084:Manifesto of the New Flemish Alliance 3907: 3226: 2845:European Conservatives and Reformists 2290: 1631:and in the Belgian delegation to the 1396:European Conservatives and Reformists 1277:, namely against an extension of the 1051:Nodig in Vlaanderen, nuttig in Europa 773:Foundation and the election threshold 622:European Conservatives and Reformists 494: 242:European Conservatives and Reformists 6355:Secessionist organizations in Europe 6345:Flemish political parties in Belgium 5843:Party for Freedom and Progress (PFF) 5001: 4930:Studies in Ethnicity and Nationalism 3963: 3887:. Asp / Vubpress / Upa. p. 75. 3853:Cerulus, Laurens (3 December 2015). 3783:De Zaeger, Piet (11 February 2019). 3221: 2791: 2754: 589:, who succeeded the founding leader 6179:South Schleswig Voters' Association 5406:José M. Magone (19 December 2016). 5159:"Asylum, migration and integration" 4041:. Palgrave Macmillan. p. 192. 3785:"Voor Vlaanderen. Voor Vooruitgang" 2872: 1657: 893: 857:Open Flemish Liberals and Democrats 24: 4738:. Palgrave Macmillan. p. 54. 4454:"De slimste mens van de Wetstraat" 4061: 1591:regional elections of 11 June 2009 1503: 1008: 496:[ˈniuˌvlaːmsəˌɑliˈɑn(t)si] 290:Voor Vlaanderen. Voor Vooruitgang. 27:Flemish political party in Belgium 25: 6421: 6266:Lista za Rijeku – Lista per Fiume 5970:Social Liberal Party (SLP/Spirit) 5476: 5091:"The N-VA's ideology and purpose" 4343: 4325:Michiels, Cisse (16 April 2024). 4300:"The N-VA's ideology and purpose" 4209:Leruth, Benjamin (23 June 2014). 3865:from the original on 29 May 2024. 3672:. deredactie.be. 30 October 2014. 2750: 1432: 1388:The Greens–European Free Alliance 1337: 1285: 1253: 870:. The N-VA won five seats in the 824:, commonly known in Belgium as a 618:2014 European Parliament election 585:identity under the leadership of 6303: 5883:Christian Social Party (CVP/PSC) 5495: 5481: 4881:Terry, Chris (6 February 2014). 4592:"Belgische verkiezingsuitslagen" 4475:"De Wever: 'Fear of N-VA rules'" 4387:New Parties in Old Party Systems 2806:Dutch-speaking electoral college 2759: 2721: 2720: 2685: 2684: 2640: 2639: 2594: 2455: 2454: 2424: 2423: 2393: 2392: 2362: 2361: 2258: 2257: 2224: 2192: 2191: 2159: 2158: 2039: 2038: 2017: 2016: 1995: 1994: 1967: 1966: 1869: 1868: 1838: 1837: 1796: 1795: 1765: 1764: 1734: 1733: 1557:Christian Democratic and Flemish 1485: 1462: 1378:political parties, of which the 1268:Belgium's nuclear power stations 1258:The party has a what it calls a 1206:The N-VA is part of the broader 830:Christian Democratic and Flemish 674:and broad electoral alliance of 157: 156: 6390:Conservative parties in Belgium 5453: 5426: 5378: 5357: 5336: 5315: 5283: 5265: 5247: 5226: 5200: 5172: 5151: 5130: 5052: 5026: 4976: 4951: 4916: 4889: 4836: 4823:Parties and Elections in Europe 4752: 4694:"Is Euroscepticism Contagious?" 4685: 4663: 4626: 4605: 4584: 4558: 4532: 4516:Casert, Raf (4 December 2018). 4488: 4467: 4446: 4425: 4404: 4378: 4366:(in Dutch). De Tijd. 8 May 2001 4356: 4337: 4318: 4264: 4243: 4235:. 26 April 2014. Archived from 4225: 4154: 4133: 4089: 4055: 3992: 3957: 2733: 2470: 2273: 2051: 1884: 900:regional elections of June 2009 748:, which would later become the 6405:Centre-right parties in Europe 6380:2001 establishments in Belgium 5788:Left Socialist Party (LSP/PSL) 5676:Les Engagés (The Engaged Ones) 5460:Pauli, Walter (12 June 2019). 5138:"Radicalization and terrorism" 4251:"Radicalization and terrorism" 4161:Internationale persconferentie 3846: 3795: 3776: 3758: 3730: 3708: 3662: 3339:Flemish Parliament (2024–2029) 2796:N-VA holds three seats in the 2595: 2225: 1237:The party is also critical of 1154:National Call for the Republic 1080:and growing more EU-critical. 560:The N-VA was established as a 13: 1: 5983:The numbers are seats in the 4698:Politics of the Low Countries 3655: 3325:, former Minister (2009–2019) 1582:and 9 out of 40 seats in the 1546: 1427:International Democracy Union 975:2014 Belgian federal election 935:2010 Belgian federal election 252:International Democracy Union 6400:Liberal conservative parties 6395:Right-wing parties in Europe 6078:Republican Left of Catalonia 6073:Party of the Corsican Nation 5930:Flemish National Union (VNV) 5838:Christian Social Party (CSP) 5561:Political parties in Belgium 4271:Mouton, Alain (8 May 2014). 1515:Chamber of Representatives: 1425:The N-VA is a member of the 1422:in the European Parliament. 1270:to mitigate climate change. 1243:Global Compact for Migration 1218: 999:Global Compact for Migration 620:, the N-VA has sat with the 7: 6199:Unvaniezh Demokratel Breizh 6109:Democratic Party of Artsakh 5699:Liberal Democrats (Belgium) 5584:New Flemish Alliance (N-VA) 5188:(in Dutch). 21 January 2017 4817:Nordsieck, Wolfram (2019). 2068: 1332:Russian invasion of Ukraine 1068:and positioned towards the 392:Flemish Provincial Councils 299:For Flanders. For Progress. 10: 6426: 6204:Valencian Nationalist Bloc 6174:Silesian Autonomy Movement 5985:Chamber of Representatives 5261:(in Dutch). 15 April 2024. 5255:"Waar staat de N-VA voor?" 4219:London School of Economics 3828:. In Sarat, Austin (ed.). 3356: 1663:Chamber of Representatives 1580:Chamber of Representatives 1420:British Conservative Party 1354:International affiliations 1102:Belgian Federal Parliament 1098:Evolution, not Revolution, 872:Chamber of Representatives 834:regional elections in 2004 651: 648:Fall of the People's Union 642: 555:2014–18 Belgian Government 306:Chamber of Representatives 6299: 6253: 6245:Pro Lombardy Independence 6217: 6129:Galician Nationalist Bloc 6086: 6051: 5997:List of political parties 5980: 5871: 5830: 5760: 5751:Workers' Party (PVDA/PTB) 5743: 5736: 5691: 5650: 5643: 5623: 5576: 5567: 5297:(in Dutch). 26 June 2023. 4896:Glen M. E. Duerr (2015). 4885:. The Democratic Society. 4635:, last seen 8 April 2010. 4117:"Beginselverklaring N-VA" 3943:. Routledge. p. 73. 3914:. ABC-CLIO. p. 465. 3694:. Routledge. p. 90. 3627: 3618: 3597: 3564: 3524: 3484: 3437: 3348: 3345: 3336: 3247: 3233: 3114: 3111: 3102: 3072: 3039: 3003: 2963: 2899: 2891: 2888: 2879: 2843: 2813: 2798:tenth European Parliament 2768:This article needs to be 2646: 2512: 2509: 2506: 2503: 2500: 2497: 2494: 2095: 2092: 2089: 2086: 2083: 2080: 1901: 1794: 1787: 1784: 1781: 1776: 1439: 800:, but struggled with the 742:state reform negotiations 693:direction, combining the 453: 440: 435: 426: 421: 404: 390: 369: 352: 338: 321: 304: 277: 257: 248:International affiliation 247: 237:European Parliament group 235: 221: 211: 193: 165: 149: 137: 127: 117: 99: 89: 75: 63: 55: 46: 34: 6375:Pro-independence parties 4864:10.1177/0192512115577231 3305:Former Flemish Ministers 3067:Kristien Van Vaerenbergh 2480:; 35 seats won in total. 2061:; 14 seats won in total. 1364:European political party 868:Brussels-Halle-Vilvoorde 654:People's Union (Belgium) 612:A leading member of the 6385:Conservatism in Belgium 6169:Scottish National Party 6139:Majorca Socialist Party 5897:Socialist Party (SP/PS) 5664:Reformist Movement (MR) 5488:Nieuw-Vlaamse Alliantie 3808:Nieuw-Vlaamse Alliantie 3599:Brussels-Capital Region 2743:; 4 seats won in total. 2283:; 3 seats won in total. 1894:;30 seats won in total. 1625:2014 European elections 1621:2014 regional elections 1599:2009 European elections 1569:2004 European elections 1392:2014 European elections 1384:7th European Parliament 1150:Scottish National Party 1033:Foundation and ideology 844:became a minister, and 783:Nieuw-Vlaamse Alliantie 593:. The party used to be 557:until 9 December 2018. 488:Nieuw-Vlaamse Alliantie 195:Political position 131:Koningsstraat 47, bus 6 40:Nieuw-Vlaamse Alliantie 6370:European Free Alliance 6281:Sardinian Action Party 6184:South Tyrolean Freedom 6134:Liga Veneta Repubblica 6119:Frisian National Party 6045:European Free Alliance 5893:Labour Party (BWP/POB) 5386:"Finance and taxation" 4883:"New Flemish Alliance" 4730:Dandoy, Régis (2013). 4006:"New-Flemish Alliance" 3935:Sorens, Jason (2013). 1654: 1640:2019 federal elections 1619:. In the simultaneous 1613:2014 federal elections 1606:2010 federal elections 1404:Civic Democratic Party 1360:European Free Alliance 1120:. The party supported 1050: 1043:European confederation 1022:2024 federal elections 1015:2019 federal elections 981:nominated De Wever as 808:, the constituency of 798:2003 federal elections 782: 667: 614:European Free Alliance 487: 229:European Free Alliance 105:; 22 years ago 6365:Ethnicity in politics 6350:Separatism in Belgium 6230:Latvian Russian Union 6164:Savoy Region Movement 6068:Latvian Russian Union 5714:Rally Wallonia France 5590:Flemish Interest (VB) 5490:at Wikimedia Commons 3855:"Belgium's Mr. Right" 3646:Matthias Vanden Borre 1652: 1539:Brussels Parliament: 1533:European Parliament: 874:and two seats in the 738:Patrik Vankrunkelsven 282:De verandering werkt. 6330:New Flemish Alliance 6063:New Flemish Alliance 5863:Socialist Party (SP) 5658:Socialist Party (PS) 5507:Knowledge Media help 3908:Slomp, Hans (2011). 3738:"Politieke fracties" 3444:Matthias Diependaele 3294:Matthias Diependaele 2970:Anneleen Van Bossuyt 2837:Johan Van Overtveldt 2700:Johan Van Overtveldt 2615:Johan Van Overtveldt 1574:In the 10 June 2007 1527:Flemish Parliament: 1126:open source software 1114:economically liberal 1066:economically liberal 1062:conservative liberal 918:as ministers in the 816:Cartel with CD&V 676:Flemish nationalists 480:New Flemish Alliance 223:European affiliation 212:Regional affiliation 103:13 October 2001 37:New Flemish Alliance 18:New-Flemish Alliance 6410:Regionalist parties 6055:European Parliament 6002:Politics of Belgium 5773:Belgian Union (BUB) 5644:Francophone parties 4902:. Lexington Books. 4710:10.5553/PLC/.000011 4528:on 4 December 2018. 4522:The Washington Post 4102:The Washington Post 3772:. 28 November 2016. 3010:Jean-Marie Dedecker 2830:Parliamentary group 2816:European Parliament 2488:European Parliament 2074:Brussels Parliament 1633:European Parliament 1275:European Green Deal 1208:Flemish nationalist 1202:Flemish nationalism 1180:right-wing populist 969:Michel I government 959:Karim Van Overmeire 853:Jean-Marie Dedecker 727:Flemish nationalist 630:European Parliament 626:parliamentary group 607:economic liberalism 513:Flemish nationalist 458:Politics of Belgium 371:European Parliament 354:Brussels Parliament 185:Soft Euroscepticism 175:Flemish nationalism 5719:Walloon Rally (RW) 5185:Het Laatste Nieuws 5064:The Brussels Times 5014:. 19 December 2018 4944:10.1111/sena.12376 4819:"Flanders/Belgium" 4105:. 9 December 2018. 3964:Bale, Tim (2021). 3941:PARADOX FEDERALISM 3770:Het Laatste Nieuws 3743:Benelux Parliament 3637:Cieltje Van Achter 3578:Karolien Grosemans 3505:Katrien Houtmeyers 3330:Flemish Parliament 3276:Brussels Periphery 3262:Minister-President 3241:Jambon (incumbent) 3236:Flemish Government 3227:Flemish Government 3214:Gilles Verstraeten 3190:Community senator 3180:Community senator 3170:Community senator 3160:Community senator 3150:Community senator 3140:Community senator 3130:Community senator 3120:Community senator 3105:Senate (2024–2029) 2998:Kathleen Depoorter 2739:In coalition with 2476:In coalition with 2291:Flemish Parliament 2279:In coalition with 2057:In coalition with 1890:In coalition with 1655: 1629:Flemish Parliament 1541:Cieltje Van Achter 1294:began as strongly 1230:Flemish Government 1138:Conservative Party 1118:ecologically green 928:Flemish Parliament 926:as speaker of the 920:Flemish Government 822:electoral alliance 802:election threshold 406:Benelux Parliament 340:Flemish Parliament 6317: 6316: 6271:Lusatian Alliance 6114:Eusko Alkartasuna 6010: 6009: 5988: 5915: 5901: 5887: 5853:Libertarian Party 5826: 5825: 5732: 5731: 5704:Libertarian Party 5639: 5638: 5608:Vooruit (Forward) 5486:Media related to 5419:978-1-315-40784-5 5365:"Russia is lying" 5214:. 23 January 2017 5118:. 29 October 2019 4909:978-0-7391-9084-5 4803:978-1-317-42251-8 4745:978-1-137-02544-9 4572:. 6 December 2018 4546:. 5 December 2018 4397:978-0-19-964606-7 4275:. Trends.knack.be 4239:on 26 April 2014. 4048:978-1-137-31484-0 3977:978-1-009-00686-6 3950:978-1-317-98772-7 3921:978-0-313-39181-1 3894:978-90-5487-436-2 3839:978-1-78190-431-2 3701:978-1-136-74624-6 3653: 3652: 3609: 3608: 3566:Limburg (Belgium) 3552:Griet Vanryckegem 3302: 3301: 3222:Regional politics 3219: 3218: 3210:Co-opted senator 3200:Co-opted senator 3098: 3097: 3074:Limburg (Belgium) 3034:Charlotte Verkeyn 2991:Christoph D'Haese 2870: 2869: 2792:European politics 2789: 2788: 2729: 2728: 2466: 2465: 2269: 2268: 2047: 2046: 1880: 1879: 1576:federal elections 1553:federal elections 1529:Wilfried Vandaele 1501: 1500: 1418:and formerly the 1416:Law & Justice 1412:Brothers of Italy 1376:minority interest 670:, VU), a Belgian 616:(EFA), since the 547:civic nationalism 476: 475: 463:Political parties 16:(Redirected from 6417: 6340:Flemish Movement 6312: 6308: 6307: 6306: 6037: 6030: 6023: 6014: 6013: 5982: 5973: 5965: 5957: 5949: 5941: 5933: 5925: 5924:(1921/1989–2009) 5913: 5899: 5885: 5741: 5740: 5648: 5647: 5574: 5573: 5554: 5547: 5540: 5531: 5530: 5526: 5521: 5520: 5518:Official website 5499: 5498: 5485: 5470: 5469: 5457: 5451: 5450: 5448: 5446: 5430: 5424: 5423: 5403: 5397: 5396: 5394: 5392: 5382: 5376: 5375: 5373: 5371: 5361: 5355: 5354: 5352: 5350: 5340: 5334: 5333: 5331: 5329: 5319: 5313: 5312: 5311:. 14 April 2018. 5305: 5299: 5298: 5287: 5281: 5280: 5269: 5263: 5262: 5251: 5245: 5244: 5242: 5240: 5230: 5224: 5223: 5221: 5219: 5204: 5198: 5197: 5195: 5193: 5176: 5170: 5169: 5167: 5165: 5155: 5149: 5148: 5146: 5144: 5134: 5128: 5127: 5125: 5123: 5112: 5103: 5102: 5100: 5098: 5087: 5076: 5075: 5073: 5071: 5056: 5050: 5049: 5047: 5045: 5030: 5024: 5023: 5021: 5019: 5008: 4999: 4998: 4996: 4994: 4980: 4974: 4973: 4971: 4969: 4955: 4949: 4948: 4946: 4920: 4914: 4913: 4893: 4887: 4886: 4878: 4869: 4868: 4866: 4840: 4834: 4833: 4831: 4829: 4814: 4808: 4807: 4787: 4776: 4775: 4773: 4771: 4756: 4750: 4749: 4727: 4721: 4720: 4718: 4716: 4689: 4683: 4682: 4680: 4678: 4667: 4661: 4660: 4658: 4656: 4651:. 3 October 2020 4645: 4636: 4630: 4624: 4623: 4621: 4619: 4609: 4603: 4602: 4600: 4598: 4588: 4582: 4581: 4579: 4577: 4570:timesnownews.com 4562: 4556: 4555: 4553: 4551: 4536: 4530: 4529: 4524:. 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of Åland 6082: 6053: 6047: 6043:Members of the 6041: 6011: 6006: 5992:Portal:Politics 5976: 5968: 5960: 5952: 5944: 5936: 5928: 5922:Communist Party 5920: 5867: 5831:German-speaking 5822: 5813:Communist Party 5756: 5728: 5687: 5635: 5619: 5569:Flemish parties 5563: 5558: 5516: 5515: 5512: 5511: 5510: 5500: 5496: 5479: 5474: 5473: 5458: 5454: 5444: 5442: 5431: 5427: 5420: 5404: 5400: 5390: 5388: 5384: 5383: 5379: 5369: 5367: 5363: 5362: 5358: 5348: 5346: 5342: 5341: 5337: 5327: 5325: 5321: 5320: 5316: 5307: 5306: 5302: 5289: 5288: 5284: 5271: 5270: 5266: 5253: 5252: 5248: 5238: 5236: 5232: 5231: 5227: 5217: 5215: 5206: 5205: 5201: 5191: 5189: 5178: 5177: 5173: 5163: 5161: 5157: 5156: 5152: 5142: 5140: 5136: 5135: 5131: 5121: 5119: 5114: 5113: 5106: 5096: 5094: 5093:. 24 April 2015 5089: 5088: 5079: 5069: 5067: 5058: 5057: 5053: 5043: 5041: 5032: 5031: 5027: 5017: 5015: 5010: 5009: 5002: 4992: 4990: 4982: 4981: 4977: 4967: 4965: 4957: 4956: 4952: 4921: 4917: 4910: 4894: 4890: 4879: 4872: 4841: 4837: 4827: 4825: 4815: 4811: 4804: 4788: 4779: 4769: 4767: 4758: 4757: 4753: 4746: 4728: 4724: 4714: 4712: 4690: 4686: 4676: 4674: 4669: 4668: 4664: 4654: 4652: 4647: 4646: 4639: 4631: 4627: 4617: 4615: 4611: 4610: 4606: 4596: 4594: 4590: 4589: 4585: 4575: 4573: 4564: 4563: 4559: 4549: 4547: 4538: 4537: 4533: 4514: 4507: 4494: 4493: 4489: 4479: 4477: 4473: 4472: 4468: 4458: 4456: 4452: 4451: 4447: 4437: 4435: 4431: 4430: 4426: 4416: 4414: 4410: 4409: 4405: 4398: 4384: 4383: 4379: 4369: 4367: 4362: 4361: 4357: 4344:Dupon, Yorick. 4342: 4338: 4323: 4319: 4309: 4307: 4306:. 24 April 2015 4298: 4297: 4288: 4278: 4276: 4269: 4265: 4255: 4253: 4249: 4248: 4244: 4231: 4230: 4226: 4207: 4198: 4188: 4186: 4177: 4176: 4167: 4159: 4155: 4145: 4143: 4139: 4138: 4134: 4124: 4122: 4119: 4115: 4114: 4110: 4095: 4094: 4090: 4082: 4075: 4060: 4056: 4049: 4033: 4029: 4019: 4017: 4004: 4003: 3999: 3993: 3978: 3962: 3958: 3951: 3933: 3929: 3922: 3906: 3902: 3895: 3877: 3870: 3851: 3847: 3840: 3822: 3818: 3807: 3804: 3803: 3802:Pronunciation: 3800: 3796: 3781: 3777: 3764: 3763: 3759: 3749: 3747: 3736: 3735: 3731: 3721: 3719: 3714: 3713: 3709: 3702: 3684: 3677: 3668: 3667: 3663: 3658: 3620: 3614: 3486:Flemish Brabant 3384:Liesbeth Homans 3338: 3332: 3317:Liesbeth Homans 3311:Geert Bourgeois 3307: 3239: 3235: 3229: 3224: 3104: 3079:Steven Vandeput 3053:Eva Demesmaeker 3041:Flemish Brabant 2977:Peter Buysrogge 2944:Mireille Colson 2913:Peter De Roover 2881: 2875: 2815: 2794: 2785: 2779: 2776: 2773: 2764: 2760: 2753: 2748: 2747: 2738: 2734: 2717: 2714: 2681: 2678: 2660:Geert Bourgeois 2636: 2633: 2591: 2588: 2574:Frieda Brepoels 2555: 2552: 2490: 2485: 2484: 2475: 2471: 2451: 2448: 2420: 2417: 2389: 2386: 2358: 2355: 2333: 2330: 2293: 2288: 2287: 2278: 2274: 2254: 2251: 2221: 2218: 2188: 2185: 2155: 2152: 2128: 2125: 2076: 2071: 2066: 2065: 2056: 2052: 2035: 2032: 2013: 2010: 1991: 1988: 1963: 1960: 1941: 1938: 1904: 1899: 1898: 1889: 1885: 1865: 1862: 1834: 1831: 1812: 1804: 1792: 1789: 1761: 1758: 1730: 1727: 1705: 1702: 1665: 1660: 1562:Geert Bourgeois 1549: 1535:Geert Bourgeois 1517:Peter De Roover 1506: 1504:Faction leaders 1458:Geert Bourgeois 1435: 1398:(ECR) over the 1356: 1340: 1288: 1256: 1221: 1204: 1090:catch-all party 1035: 1011: 1009:2019 to present 971: 912:Geert Bourgeois 896: 842:Geert Bourgeois 818: 810:Geert Bourgeois 791:Geert Bourgeois 775: 754:Geert Bourgeois 734:Geert Bourgeois 711:Frieda Brepoels 707:Geert Bourgeois 672:political party 656: 650: 645: 595:pro-Europeanist 591:Geert Bourgeois 524:political party 500: 499: 491: 472: 441: 416:(Belgian seats) 415: 414: 411: 400: 397: 380: 379: 376: 364:(Flemish seats) 363: 362: 359: 348: 345: 333:(Flemish seats) 332: 331: 328: 316:(Flemish seats) 315: 314: 311: 298: 297: 288: 285: 284: 268: 267: 261: 227: 216:Christian Group 199: 189: 151: 132: 118:Split from 109: 107: 104: 94:Geert Bourgeois 84:Steven Vandeput 82: 42: 41: 38: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 6423: 6413: 6412: 6407: 6402: 6397: 6392: 6387: 6382: 6377: 6372: 6367: 6362: 6357: 6352: 6347: 6342: 6337: 6332: 6315: 6314: 6300: 6297: 6296: 6294: 6293: 6288: 6283: 6278: 6273: 6268: 6263: 6257: 6255: 6254:Former members 6251: 6250: 6248: 6247: 6242: 6237: 6232: 6227: 6221: 6219: 6215: 6214: 6212: 6211: 6206: 6201: 6196: 6191: 6186: 6181: 6176: 6171: 6166: 6161: 6156: 6151: 6146: 6141: 6136: 6131: 6126: 6121: 6116: 6111: 6106: 6101: 6096: 6090: 6088: 6084: 6083: 6081: 6080: 6075: 6070: 6065: 6059: 6057: 6052:Elected to the 6049: 6048: 6040: 6039: 6032: 6025: 6017: 6008: 6007: 6005: 6004: 5999: 5994: 5981: 5978: 5977: 5975: 5974: 5966: 5958: 5954:People's Union 5950: 5946:National Front 5942: 5934: 5926: 5917: 5916: 5903: 5889: 5879:Catholic Party 5875: 5873: 5872:Former notable 5869: 5868: 5866: 5865: 5860: 5855: 5850: 5845: 5840: 5834: 5832: 5828: 5827: 5824: 5823: 5821: 5820: 5815: 5810: 5805: 5800: 5795: 5790: 5785: 5780: 5775: 5770: 5764: 5762: 5758: 5757: 5755: 5754: 5747: 5745: 5738: 5734: 5733: 5730: 5729: 5727: 5726: 5721: 5716: 5711: 5706: 5701: 5695: 5693: 5689: 5688: 5686: 5685: 5679: 5673: 5667: 5661: 5654: 5652: 5645: 5641: 5640: 5637: 5636: 5634: 5633: 5627: 5625: 5621: 5620: 5618: 5617: 5611: 5605: 5599: 5593: 5587: 5580: 5578: 5571: 5565: 5564: 5557: 5556: 5549: 5542: 5534: 5528: 5527: 5501: 5494: 5493: 5492: 5478: 5477:External links 5475: 5472: 5471: 5452: 5425: 5418: 5398: 5377: 5356: 5335: 5314: 5300: 5295:Het Nieuwsblad 5282: 5264: 5246: 5225: 5212:Het Nieuwsblad 5199: 5171: 5150: 5129: 5104: 5077: 5051: 5025: 5000: 4975: 4950: 4915: 4908: 4888: 4870: 4857:(3): 239–249. 4835: 4809: 4802: 4777: 4751: 4744: 4722: 4684: 4673:. 23 June 2014 4662: 4637: 4625: 4604: 4583: 4557: 4531: 4505: 4502:. 27 May 2014. 4487: 4466: 4445: 4424: 4403: 4396: 4377: 4355: 4336: 4317: 4286: 4263: 4242: 4224: 4196: 4165: 4153: 4132: 4108: 4088: 4073: 4054: 4047: 4027: 4016:on 22 May 2010 3997: 3991: 3976: 3956: 3949: 3927: 3920: 3900: 3893: 3868: 3845: 3838: 3816: 3794: 3775: 3757: 3729: 3707: 3700: 3675: 3660: 3659: 3657: 3654: 3651: 3650: 3648: 3642: 3641: 3639: 3633: 3632: 3629: 3625: 3624: 3613: 3610: 3607: 3606: 3601: 3595: 3594: 3588: 3587: 3581: 3580: 3574: 3573: 3568: 3562: 3561: 3555: 3554: 3548: 3547: 3541: 3540: 3534: 3533: 3528: 3522: 3521: 3515: 3514: 3508: 3507: 3501: 3500: 3494: 3493: 3488: 3482: 3481: 3475: 3474: 3468: 3467: 3465:Tomas Roggeman 3461: 3460: 3454: 3453: 3447: 3446: 3441: 3435: 3434: 3428: 3427: 3425:Sanne Van Looy 3421: 3420: 3417: 3411: 3410: 3404: 3403: 3397: 3396: 3394:Freya Perdaens 3390: 3389: 3386: 3380: 3379: 3377:Paul Van Miert 3373: 3372: 3366: 3365: 3360: 3354: 3353: 3350: 3347: 3343: 3342: 3331: 3328: 3327: 3326: 3320: 3314: 3306: 3303: 3300: 3299: 3296: 3290: 3289: 3286: 3280: 3279: 3272: 3266: 3265: 3259: 3253: 3252: 3249: 3245: 3244: 3228: 3225: 3223: 3220: 3217: 3216: 3211: 3207: 3206: 3201: 3197: 3196: 3191: 3187: 3186: 3181: 3177: 3176: 3171: 3167: 3166: 3161: 3157: 3156: 3151: 3147: 3146: 3141: 3137: 3136: 3131: 3127: 3126: 3121: 3117: 3116: 3113: 3109: 3108: 3096: 3095: 3089: 3088: 3086:Frieda Gijbels 3082: 3081: 3076: 3070: 3069: 3063: 3062: 3056: 3055: 3049: 3048: 3043: 3037: 3036: 3030: 3029: 3023: 3022: 3016: 3015: 3012: 3007: 3001: 3000: 2994: 2993: 2987: 2986: 2980: 2979: 2973: 2972: 2967: 2961: 2960: 2954: 2953: 2947: 2946: 2940: 2939: 2933: 2932: 2926: 2925: 2919: 2918: 2915: 2909: 2908: 2903: 2897: 2896: 2893: 2890: 2886: 2885: 2874: 2871: 2868: 2867: 2864: 2862:Kris Van Dijck 2858: 2857: 2854: 2848: 2847: 2842: 2839: 2833: 2832: 2827: 2824: 2820: 2819: 2793: 2790: 2787: 2786: 2767: 2765: 2758: 2752: 2751:Representation 2749: 2746: 2745: 2731: 2730: 2727: 2726: 2718: 2713: 2711: 2708: 2705: 2702: 2697: 2691: 2690: 2682: 2677: 2675: 2672: 2665: 2662: 2657: 2651: 2650: 2645: 2637: 2632: 2630: 2627: 2620: 2617: 2612: 2606: 2605: 2600: 2592: 2587: 2585: 2582: 2579: 2576: 2571: 2565: 2564: 2559: 2556: 2551: 2549: 2546: 2539: 2536: 2531: 2525: 2524: 2521: 2515: 2514: 2511: 2508: 2505: 2502: 2499: 2496: 2489: 2486: 2483: 2482: 2468: 2467: 2464: 2463: 2460: 2452: 2447: 2445: 2442: 2439: 2433: 2432: 2429: 2421: 2416: 2414: 2411: 2408: 2402: 2401: 2398: 2390: 2385: 2383: 2380: 2377: 2371: 2370: 2367: 2359: 2354: 2352: 2349: 2346: 2340: 2339: 2336: 2334: 2329: 2327: 2324: 2321: 2315: 2314: 2311: 2308: 2305: 2302: 2299: 2292: 2289: 2286: 2285: 2271: 2270: 2267: 2266: 2263: 2255: 2250: 2248: 2246: 2243: 2240: 2234: 2233: 2230: 2222: 2217: 2215: 2213: 2210: 2207: 2201: 2200: 2197: 2189: 2184: 2182: 2180: 2177: 2174: 2168: 2167: 2164: 2156: 2151: 2149: 2147: 2144: 2141: 2135: 2134: 2131: 2129: 2124: 2122: 2120: 2117: 2114: 2108: 2107: 2104: 2098: 2097: 2094: 2091: 2088: 2085: 2082: 2075: 2072: 2070: 2067: 2064: 2063: 2049: 2048: 2045: 2044: 2036: 2031: 2029: 2027: 2023: 2022: 2014: 2009: 2007: 2005: 2001: 2000: 1992: 1987: 1985: 1982: 1979: 1973: 1972: 1964: 1959: 1957: 1954: 1951: 1945: 1944: 1942: 1937: 1935: 1932: 1929: 1923: 1922: 1919: 1916: 1913: 1910: 1903: 1900: 1897: 1896: 1882: 1881: 1878: 1877: 1874: 1866: 1861: 1859: 1856: 1853: 1847: 1846: 1843: 1835: 1830: 1828: 1825: 1822: 1816: 1815: 1808: 1807: 1801: 1793: 1788: 1786: 1783: 1780: 1774: 1773: 1770: 1762: 1757: 1755: 1752: 1749: 1743: 1742: 1739: 1731: 1726: 1724: 1721: 1718: 1712: 1711: 1708: 1706: 1701: 1699: 1696: 1693: 1687: 1686: 1683: 1680: 1677: 1674: 1671: 1664: 1661: 1659: 1656: 1548: 1545: 1544: 1543: 1537: 1531: 1525: 1519: 1513: 1505: 1502: 1499: 1498: 1493: 1490: 1483: 1478: 1474: 1473: 1470: 1467: 1460: 1455: 1451: 1450: 1447: 1444: 1441: 1434: 1433:Party chairmen 1431: 1380:People's Union 1366:consisting of 1355: 1352: 1348:Belgian Senate 1339: 1338:Other policies 1336: 1330:following the 1292:European Union 1287: 1286:Foreign policy 1284: 1266:and expanding 1255: 1254:Climate change 1252: 1225:Canadian model 1220: 1217: 1203: 1200: 1074:European Union 1039:People's Union 1034: 1031: 1010: 1007: 992:Charles Michel 970: 967: 895: 892: 817: 814: 774: 771: 695:social-liberal 660:People's Union 652:Main article: 649: 646: 644: 641: 599:European Union 537:The N-VA is a 532:People's Union 474: 473: 471: 470: 465: 460: 454: 451: 450: 438: 437: 433: 432: 424: 423: 419: 418: 410: 408: 402: 401: 396: 394: 388: 387: 375: 373: 367: 366: 358: 356: 350: 349: 344: 342: 336: 335: 327: 325: 319: 318: 310: 308: 302: 301: 279: 275: 274: 259: 255: 254: 249: 245: 244: 239: 233: 232: 225: 219: 218: 213: 209: 208: 197: 191: 190: 188: 187: 182: 177: 171: 169: 163: 162: 154: 147: 146: 141: 135: 134: 129: 125: 124: 122:People's Union 119: 115: 114: 101: 97: 96: 91: 87: 86: 77: 73: 72: 67: 61: 60: 57: 53: 52: 44: 43: 39: 36: 35: 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 6422: 6411: 6408: 6406: 6403: 6401: 6398: 6396: 6393: 6391: 6388: 6386: 6383: 6381: 6378: 6376: 6373: 6371: 6368: 6366: 6363: 6361: 6358: 6356: 6353: 6351: 6348: 6346: 6343: 6341: 6338: 6336: 6333: 6331: 6328: 6327: 6325: 6311: 6298: 6292: 6289: 6287: 6286:Slovene Union 6284: 6282: 6279: 6277: 6274: 6272: 6269: 6267: 6264: 6262: 6259: 6258: 6256: 6252: 6246: 6243: 6241: 6238: 6236: 6233: 6231: 6228: 6226: 6223: 6222: 6220: 6216: 6210: 6207: 6205: 6202: 6200: 6197: 6195: 6192: 6190: 6187: 6185: 6182: 6180: 6177: 6175: 6172: 6170: 6167: 6165: 6162: 6160: 6157: 6155: 6152: 6150: 6149:Occitan Party 6147: 6145: 6144:Mebyon Kernow 6142: 6140: 6137: 6135: 6132: 6130: 6127: 6125: 6122: 6120: 6117: 6115: 6112: 6110: 6107: 6105: 6104:Catalan Unity 6102: 6100: 6099:Bavaria Party 6097: 6095: 6092: 6091: 6089: 6087:Other members 6085: 6079: 6076: 6074: 6071: 6069: 6066: 6064: 6061: 6060: 6058: 6056: 6050: 6046: 6038: 6033: 6031: 6026: 6024: 6019: 6018: 6015: 6003: 6000: 5998: 5995: 5993: 5990: 5989: 5986: 5979: 5971: 5967: 5963: 5959: 5955: 5951: 5947: 5943: 5939: 5935: 5931: 5927: 5923: 5919: 5918: 5912: 5908: 5907:Liberal Party 5904: 5898: 5894: 5890: 5884: 5880: 5877: 5876: 5874: 5870: 5864: 5861: 5859: 5856: 5854: 5851: 5849: 5846: 5844: 5841: 5839: 5836: 5835: 5833: 5829: 5819: 5816: 5814: 5811: 5809: 5806: 5804: 5801: 5799: 5796: 5794: 5791: 5789: 5786: 5784: 5781: 5779: 5776: 5774: 5771: 5769: 5766: 5765: 5763: 5759: 5752: 5749: 5748: 5746: 5742: 5739: 5735: 5725: 5722: 5720: 5717: 5715: 5712: 5710: 5707: 5705: 5702: 5700: 5697: 5696: 5694: 5690: 5683: 5680: 5677: 5674: 5671: 5668: 5665: 5662: 5659: 5656: 5655: 5653: 5649: 5646: 5642: 5632: 5629: 5628: 5626: 5622: 5615: 5614:Green (Groen) 5612: 5609: 5606: 5603: 5600: 5597: 5594: 5591: 5588: 5585: 5582: 5581: 5579: 5575: 5572: 5570: 5566: 5562: 5555: 5550: 5548: 5543: 5541: 5536: 5535: 5532: 5525: 5519: 5514: 5513: 5508: 5504: 5491: 5489: 5484: 5467: 5463: 5456: 5440: 5436: 5429: 5421: 5415: 5411: 5410: 5402: 5387: 5381: 5366: 5360: 5345: 5339: 5324: 5318: 5310: 5304: 5296: 5292: 5286: 5278: 5274: 5268: 5260: 5256: 5250: 5235: 5229: 5213: 5209: 5203: 5187: 5186: 5181: 5175: 5160: 5154: 5139: 5133: 5117: 5111: 5109: 5092: 5086: 5084: 5082: 5066:. 27 May 2019 5065: 5061: 5055: 5040:. 27 May 2019 5039: 5035: 5029: 5013: 5007: 5005: 4989: 4985: 4979: 4964: 4960: 4954: 4945: 4940: 4936: 4932: 4931: 4926: 4919: 4911: 4905: 4901: 4900: 4892: 4884: 4877: 4875: 4865: 4860: 4856: 4852: 4851: 4846: 4839: 4824: 4820: 4813: 4805: 4799: 4795: 4794: 4786: 4784: 4782: 4766:. 30 May 2017 4765: 4761: 4755: 4747: 4741: 4737: 4733: 4726: 4711: 4707: 4703: 4699: 4695: 4688: 4672: 4666: 4650: 4644: 4642: 4634: 4629: 4614: 4608: 4593: 4587: 4571: 4567: 4561: 4545: 4541: 4535: 4527: 4523: 4519: 4512: 4510: 4501: 4497: 4491: 4476: 4470: 4455: 4449: 4434: 4428: 4413: 4407: 4399: 4393: 4389: 4388: 4381: 4365: 4359: 4351: 4347: 4340: 4332: 4328: 4321: 4305: 4301: 4295: 4293: 4291: 4274: 4267: 4252: 4246: 4238: 4234: 4228: 4220: 4216: 4212: 4205: 4203: 4201: 4184: 4180: 4174: 4172: 4170: 4162: 4157: 4142: 4136: 4118: 4112: 4104: 4103: 4098: 4092: 4085: 4080: 4078: 4069: 4065: 4058: 4050: 4044: 4040: 4039: 4031: 4015: 4011: 4007: 4001: 3995: 3987: 3983: 3979: 3973: 3969: 3968: 3960: 3952: 3946: 3942: 3938: 3931: 3923: 3917: 3913: 3912: 3904: 3896: 3890: 3886: 3882: 3875: 3873: 3864: 3860: 3856: 3849: 3841: 3835: 3831: 3827: 3820: 3814: 3810: 3798: 3790: 3786: 3779: 3771: 3767: 3761: 3745: 3744: 3739: 3733: 3718:. 27 May 2019 3717: 3711: 3703: 3697: 3693: 3689: 3682: 3680: 3671: 3665: 3661: 3649: 3647: 3644: 3643: 3640: 3638: 3635: 3634: 3630: 3626: 3623: 3617: 3605: 3604:Karl Vanlouwe 3602: 3600: 3596: 3593: 3590: 3589: 3586: 3583: 3582: 3579: 3576: 3575: 3572: 3569: 3567: 3563: 3560: 3559:Gijs Degrande 3557: 3556: 3553: 3550: 3549: 3546: 3545:Bert Maertens 3543: 3542: 3539: 3536: 3535: 3532: 3531:Sander Loones 3529: 3527: 3526:West Flanders 3523: 3520: 3517: 3516: 3513: 3510: 3509: 3506: 3503: 3502: 3499: 3498:Nadia Sminate 3496: 3495: 3492: 3489: 3487: 3483: 3480: 3477: 3476: 3473: 3470: 3469: 3466: 3463: 3462: 3459: 3456: 3455: 3452: 3451:Sarah Smeyers 3449: 3448: 3445: 3442: 3440: 3439:East Flanders 3436: 3433: 3430: 3429: 3426: 3423: 3422: 3419:Floor leader 3418: 3416: 3413: 3412: 3409: 3406: 3405: 3402: 3399: 3398: 3395: 3392: 3391: 3387: 3385: 3382: 3381: 3378: 3375: 3374: 3371: 3368: 3367: 3364: 3361: 3359: 3355: 3351: 3346:Constituency 3344: 3341: 3335: 3324: 3321: 3318: 3315: 3312: 3309: 3308: 3297: 3295: 3292: 3291: 3287: 3285: 3282: 3281: 3277: 3273: 3271: 3268: 3267: 3263: 3260: 3258: 3255: 3254: 3250: 3246: 3242: 3238: 3232: 3215: 3212: 3209: 3208: 3205: 3202: 3199: 3198: 3195: 3194:Karl Vanlouwe 3192: 3189: 3188: 3185: 3184:Nadia Sminate 3182: 3179: 3178: 3175: 3172: 3169: 3168: 3165: 3164:Sander Loones 3162: 3159: 3158: 3155: 3152: 3149: 3148: 3145: 3142: 3139: 3138: 3135: 3132: 3129: 3128: 3125: 3122: 3119: 3118: 3110: 3107: 3101: 3094: 3093:Wouter Raskin 3091: 3090: 3087: 3084: 3083: 3080: 3077: 3075: 3071: 3068: 3065: 3064: 3061: 3058: 3057: 3054: 3051: 3050: 3047: 3046:Theo Francken 3044: 3042: 3038: 3035: 3032: 3031: 3028: 3025: 3024: 3021: 3018: 3017: 3013: 3011: 3008: 3006: 3005:West Flanders 3002: 2999: 2996: 2995: 2992: 2989: 2988: 2985: 2984:Lotte Peeters 2982: 2981: 2978: 2975: 2974: 2971: 2968: 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