251:
143:
216:
114:
745:. The members of the board are known as counselors and serve for a five-year term and may not be re-elected to a consecutive term. Counselors must be (1) natural-born citizens; (2) an eligible voter; (3) between the ages of 45 and 75 years old; (4) a lawyer with at least 25 years of practice, teaching experience, or 15 years of legal research; (5) free from court convictions; (6) of recognized academic excellence and good moral character.
538:
29:
1052:
716:
convened
Congress into a special session concerning the removal of all seven counselors on 20 July 2018. Congress removed all seven Counselors by a unanimous vote. The National Council was declared in emergency for nine months a week later. Most of the Council's personnel was dismissed, the Council's
663:
The
National Council of the Magistrature was codified as part of the 1979 Peruvian Constitution. The function of the Council was that of screening and proposing judges. Supreme Court Justices were proposed to the President by the Council and then in turn to the Senate which ratified the appointments.
790:
in the
Peruvian justice system; as well as to remove those that fail to fulfill their responsibilities. This includes decisions regarding the ascension of judges and prosecutors. In this way, the judiciary branch of the Peruvian government is isolated from political and ideological interference by
724:
The
Constitutional Amendment proposed by the Executive branch brought down the number of counselors from 7 to 5. It also proposed that counselors would be appointed by a special committee made up of the President of the Judicial Branch, the Prosecutor General, the President of the Constitutional
692:
and the adoption of the 1993 Peruvian
Constitution, the Council gained greater autonomy and responsibility. The 1993 Peruvian Constitution gave the Council the power of appointing and removing all judges and prosecutors. It also required that all appointees were re-elected or removed from office
720:
During his yearly message to
Congress, President Vizcarra, called for a new Constitutional amendment which would change the composition of the Council as well as the requirements to become a counselor. He also asked that all appointments and ratification done by the council in recent years be
728:
The final amendment as approved by
Congress maintained the number of counselors at 7 as well as the composition of the committee as proposed by the Executive branch. The amendment was ratified by the population as the first of four Constitutional amendments voted for in the
725:
Tribunal, the
Ombudsman, and the Comptroller General. Further, Counselors would have to be licensed lawyers with at least 30 years of experience and of good reputation. The President asked that the proposed Constitutional changes be ratified by the people via referendum.
693:
every seven years. The counselors were no longer members of different governmental organizations and civil institutions that served in an advisory roll. They were now full-time counselors that were chosen by a special body of electors for a five-year term.
671:
and was similar to other councils in
Colombia, Ecuador, Bolivia, and Venezuela. It was composed of seven members who served three year terms. The Prosecutor General presided over the Council while the other six members were two representatives from the
650:
shortly after coming to power in 1968. A "National
Council of Justice" was set up as an autonomous institution not dependent of any of the branches of government. This was done to solve corruption issues within the
263:
980:
799:
383:
655:
as well as to prevent politics from infiltrating said branch. The function of the Council was similar to that of the modern National Board of Justice.
228:
480:
1073:
764:; the Comptroller General; a dean elected by the deans of all private universities; and a dean elected by the deans of all public universities.
633:
809:, and applications. Counselors are explicitly prohibited of having communication with the candidates as to prevent favoritism and corruption.
705:
were published by the press starting in July 2018 which recorded counselors speaking with prominent businessmen and judges which showed vast
782:
The 1993 Peruvian Constitution delineates the board's responsibilities. Its primary function is to appoint and periodically ratify all
575:
730:
676:, one from the National Federation of Bar Associations of Peru, one from the Lima Bar Association, and two representing Peruvian
519:
795:
367:
548:
668:
632:
government to designate impartial judges and prosecutors. The 1933 Peruvian Constitution set up a system similar to that of
805:
Judge and prosecutor vacancies are filled through a merit-based public concourse which consist of public hearings, written
689:
501:
497:
474:
278:
911:
426:
995:
767:
401:
283:
222:
208:
748:
The board consist of seven members, which are elected by a special committee which is called into session by the
568:
881:
761:
422:
342:
312:
1102:
637:
1020:
948:
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in the Peruvian justice system as well as to remove those that fail to fulfill their responsibilities.
375:
194:
855:
561:
467:
454:
66:
268:
1069:
1062:
509:
362:
833:
62:
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Lower court judges were chosen by the Council and then ratified by District Magistrate Councils.
317:
288:
163:
446:
174:
771:
757:
717:
organic law was revoked, and all processes being considered by the Council were put on hold.
673:
647:
643:
257:
741:
The board is independent of the rest of the Peruvian government and it is ruled by its own
605:
126:
752:
six months before the end of the board's term. The members of the special council are the
250:
179:
8:
802:
which are two of the three institutions in charge of the electoral system and processes.
524:
827:
733:. Also, the amendment changed the name of the Council to the National Board of Justice.
753:
749:
323:
136:
52:
713:
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514:
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104:
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927:
418:
157:
742:
542:
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may remove any of the members of the board due to gross misconduct by a
787:
677:
617:
706:
667:
The 1979 Constitution version of the Council was modeled after the
702:
684:
The National Council of the Magistrature in the 1993 Constitution
659:
The National Council of the Magistrature in the 1979 Constitution
640:
the power to appoint judges with the ratification of the Senate.
1051:
414:
28:
783:
696:
613:
629:
628:
Different systems have been used since independence by the
74:
70:
1021:"Peru's Constitution of 1993 with Amendments through 2009"
949:"Peru's Constitution of 1993 with Amendments through 2009"
85:
756:, who presides the committee; the Chief Justice of the
646:
removed most of the judges that served as part of the
1076:
to it so that it can be listed with similar articles.
994:(Extraordinary): 2â3. 10 October 2018. Archived from
800:
National Registry of Identification and Civil Status
612:. Its primary function is to appoint and ratify all
832:(in Spanish). Lima, Peru: Ediciones Peisa. p.
1094:
874:
634:Article Three of the United States Constitution
569:
760:; the Prosecutor General; the President of
981:"Anexos - Decreto Supremo NÂș 101-2018-PCM"
697:2018 scandal and Constitutional Referendum
576:
562:
27:
910:Eguiguren Praeli, Francisco Jose (2001).
826:Velasco Alvarado, Juan Francisco (1972).
912:"El Consejo Nacional de la Magistratura"
975:
973:
731:2018 Peruvian constitutional referendum
1095:
905:
903:
853:
796:National Office of Electoral Processes
882:"CONSTITUCION POLITICA DEL PERU 1979"
856:"PerĂș: 45 años de cambios sin mejora"
669:Italian High Council of the Judiciary
1045:
970:
602:National Council of the Magistrature
900:
690:1992 Peruvian constitutional crisis
13:
1061:needs additional or more specific
791:the other branches of government.
141:
14:
1114:
1050:
854:PĂĄsara, Luis (28 January 2016).
829:Velasco: La voz de la revolucion
608:institution that is part of the
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249:
214:
112:
794:It also elects the head of the
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847:
819:
736:
1:
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324:Office of the Public Defender
258:Supreme Court of the Republic
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7:
777:
475:Ministry of Foreign Affairs
437:(Provincial municipalities)
427:1 Metropolitan Municipality
10:
1119:
623:
598:Junta Nacional de Justicia
336:Financial superintendence
279:Superior Courts of Justice
22:Junta Nacional de Justicia
922:(16). Lima, Peru: 45â57.
909:
590:National Board of Justice
455:Populated centers of Peru
419:1 special regime province
415:1 constitutional province
308:National Board of Justice
80:
58:
48:
40:
35:
26:
21:
17:National Board of Justice
1030:. Constitute. p. 42
958:. Constitute. p. 40
860:Justicia en las Américas
402:Administrative divisions
284:Courts of First Instance
223:Congress of the Republic
447:District municipalities
423:25 regional governments
333:Comptrollership General
164:Vice Presidents of Peru
916:Derecho & Sociedad
498:Diplomatic missions of
175:Prime Minister of Peru
146:
862:(in European Spanish)
644:Juan Velasco Alvarado
145:
63:Paseo de la RepĂșblica
886:www4.congreso.gob.pe
798:and the head of the
762:Constitutional Court
368:Electoral Processes
343:Central Reserve Bank
313:Constitutional Court
1001:on 23 November 2018
709:within the system.
604:, is an autonomous
264:Javier Arévalo Vela
18:
1103:Government of Peru
384:National Registry
376:Jury of Elections
147:
53:Government of Peru
16:
1091:
1090:
1074:adding categories
807:standardized test
586:
585:
520:Visa requirements
468:Foreign relations
180:Gustavo Adrianzén
153:President of Peru
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653:judiciary branch
638:executive branch
610:Republic of Peru
600:), formerly the
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363:Electoral system
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272:
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233:Eduardo Salhuana
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105:Politics of Peru
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31:
19:
15:
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772:two-thirds vote
739:
714:MartĂn Vizcarra
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661:
636:which gave the
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549:Other countries
543:Peru portal
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510:Nationality law
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36:Agency overview
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5:
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1082:September 2024
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1028:Constitute.org
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990:(in Spanish).
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956:Constitute.org
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918:(in Spanish).
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606:constitutional
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1059:This article
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758:Supreme Court
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435:196 provinces
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1032:. Retrieved
1027:
1015:
1003:. Retrieved
996:the original
991:
987:
960:. Retrieved
955:
943:
931:. Retrieved
919:
915:
890:. Retrieved
888:(in Spanish)
885:
876:
864:. Retrieved
859:
849:
837:. Retrieved
828:
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701:A series of
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452:Fourth level
432:Second level
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170:Vacant (2nd)
168:Vacant (1st)
162:
151:
127:Constitution
59:Headquarters
49:Jurisdiction
1005:12 December
788:prosecutors
743:organic law
737:Composition
678:Law Schools
618:prosecutors
525:Visa policy
484: [
440:Third level
408:First level
327:(Ombudsman)
267: [
209:Legislature
1063:categories
988:El Peruano
813:References
712:President
688:After the
479:Minister:
302:Autonomies
262:President
195:Ministries
67:San Isidro
928:2079-3634
892:5 January
754:Ombudsman
750:Ombudsman
721:revised.
356:Elections
245:Judiciary
229:President
137:Executive
65:No. 3295
1097:Category
1070:help out
1034:8 August
962:8 August
933:6 August
866:7 August
839:6 August
778:Function
768:Congress
707:cronyism
703:wiretaps
630:Peruvian
515:Passport
386:(RENIEC)
1068:Please
624:History
594:Spanish
502:in Peru
190:Cabinet
81:Website
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614:judges
370:(ONPE)
41:Formed
1024:(PDF)
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1036:2018
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964:2018
935:2018
924:ISSN
894:2020
868:2018
841:2018
786:and
616:and
588:The
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92:/jnj
88:.gob
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