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1072:' High Commissioner for Refugees whether he believed "that there must be something in the Jews themselves that had brought them persecution throughout the ages". Dr Feldman acknowledged, however, that it was "not an unusual view" and explained it "was a conventional idea in the UK at the time". Some years later, during a visit to New York in 1947, she apparently "clashed" with reporters, renouncing her antisemitism, telling one that she was "not anti-Jewish but gangsterism isn't going to solve the
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561:. Her tendency to be saucy in conversation but religiously devout and almost prudish in behaviour confused many of the English men but pleased some of the older socialites. Nancy also began to show her skill at winning over critics. She was once asked by an English woman, "Have you come to get our husbands?" Her unexpected response, "If you knew the trouble I had getting rid of mine...", charmed her listeners and displayed the wit for which she became known.
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Winston responded, "if I were your husband, I'd drink it with pleasure." On another occasion, Lady Astor allegedly came upon
Churchill, and he was highly intoxicated. She highly disapproved of alcohol, and she said to him "Winston, you're drunk!" To which he replied "And you are ugly. However, when I wake up tomorrow, I shall be sober, and you will still be ugly!"
819:, a member of the Labour Party (and a former Communist). Astor later proposed creating a "Women's Party", but the female Labour MPs opposed that, as their party was then in office and had promised them positions. Over time, political differences separated the women MPs; by 1931 Astor became hostile to female Labour members such as
737:, she did not take her seat. As a result, Lady Astor is sometimes erroneously referred to as the first woman MP, or the first woman elected to the UK Parliament, rather than the first woman MP to take her seat in Parliament. Markievicz said Lady Astor was "of the upper classes, out of touch". Countess Markievicz had been in
523:
In 1904, Nancy Shaw took a tour of
England, taking with her her son Bobbie, of whom she had gained custody. She fell in love with the country. Since she had been so happy there, her father suggested she move to England. Seeing that she was reluctant, Nancy's father said it was also her mother's wish,
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wanted to dominate the "soldier's friend" issue and, believing her to be an obstacle, sought to ruin her political career. He capitalised on her opposition to divorce reform and her efforts to maintain wartime alcohol restrictions. Bottomley portrayed her as a hypocrite, as she was divorced. He said
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Astor's
Parliamentary career was the most public phase of her life. She gained attention as a woman and as someone who did not follow the rules, often attributed to her American upbringing. On her first day in the House of Commons, she was called to order for chatting with a fellow House member, not
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Although variations on the following anecdote exist with different people, the story is being told of
Winston Churchill's encounter with Lady Astor who, after failing to shake him in an argument, broke off with the petulant remark, "Oh, if you were my husband, I'd put poison in your tea." "Madame,"
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movement in the
British Isles. However, she was met as she arrived at Paddington station on the day after her election by a crowd of suffragettes, including unnamed women who had been imprisoned and on hunger strike. One said, "This is the beginning of our era. I am glad to have suffered for this."
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regarding ethnic minorities. In one instance, she stated that the
President of the United States had become too dependent on New York City. To her this city represented "Jewish and foreign" influences that she feared. During a US tour, she told a group of African-American students that they should
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Lady Astor struggled in retirement, which put further strain on her marriage. In a speech commemorating her 25 years in parliament, she stated that her retirement was forced on her and that it should please the men of
Britain. The couple began travelling separately and soon were living apart. Lord
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directly why he had slaughtered so many
Russians, but many of her criticisms were translated as less challenging statements. Some of her conservative supporters feared she had "gone soft" on Communism; her question to Stalin may have been translated correctly only because he insisted of being told
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helped her through some of her problems although his own nonconformity caused friction between them. They held opposing political views and had very different temperaments. However, his own tendency to make controversial statements or put her into awkward situations proved to be a drawback for her
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Lady Astor believed her party and her husband caused her retirement in 1945. As the
Conservatives believed she had become a political liability in the final years of World War II, her husband said that if she stood for office again the family would not support her. She conceded but, according to
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and her ignorance of current political issues. Astor appealed to voters on the basis of her earlier work with the
Canadian soldiers, allies of the British, charitable work during the war, her financial resources for the campaign and her ability to improvise. Her audiences appreciated her wit and
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and Nancy Witcher Keene. Following the abolition of slavery, Chiswell struggled to make his operations profitable, and with the destruction of the war, the family lived in near-poverty for several years before Nancy was born. After her birth, her father gained a job as a tobacco auctioneer in
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The period from 1937 to the end of the war was personally difficult for Astor: in January of that year she lost her sister Phyllis, followed by her only surviving brother in 1938. In 1940, the Marquess of Lothian died. He had been her closest Christian Scientist friend even after her husband
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In the corridor a friend of mine named Alan Graham came up to Nancy and said, 'I do not think you behaved very well' . She turned upon him and said, 'Only a Jew like you would dare to be rude to me.' He replied, 'I should like very much to smack you in your face.' I think she is a little
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in co-operation with other leading women's groups. Astor hosted a large gathering at her home in St James's to enable networking amongst the international delegates, and spoke strongly of her support of and the need for women to work in the fields of science, engineering and technology.
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Astor was the first woman to be elected through what has been termed the 'halo effect' of women taking over their husband's parliamentary seat, a process which accounted for the election of ten women MPs (nearly a third of the women elected to parliament) between the two world wars.
1111:, "To link our weekends with any particular clique is as absurd as is the allegation that those of us who desire to establish better relations with Germany or Italy are pro-Nazis or pro-Fascists". The Cliveden Set was also depicted by war agitators as the prime movers for peace.
757:. Once a man asked her what the Astors had done for him and she responded with, "Why, Charlie, you know," and later had a picture taken with him. This informal style baffled yet amused the British public. She rallied the supporters of the current government, moderated her
1240:", called "The Ballad of the D-Day Dodgers". This song has also been attributed to Lance-Sergeant Harry Pynn of the Tank Rescue Section, 19 Army Fire Brigade. However, there is no record that she actually said this, in or out of Parliament, and she denied ever saying it.
1311:. By this time, she had lost all her sisters and brothers, her colleague "Red Ellen" Wilkinson died in 1947, George Bernard Shaw died in 1950, and she did not take well to widowhood. Her son Bobbie Shaw became increasingly combative and after her death he committed
849:, a Virginia friend, angered her by marrying without consulting her on his choice. She later told him, regarding his maiden speech, that he "really must do better than that." During the course of her adult life, Astor alienated many with her sharp words as well.
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Several elements of Viscountess Astor's life influenced her first campaign, but she became a candidate after her husband succeeded to the peerage and House of Lords in 1919. He had enjoyed a promising political career for several years before World War I in the
1043:" for Britain and America to risk "Armageddon to save them. The wheel of history swings round as the Lord would have it. Who are we to stand in the way of the future?" Astor made various other documented anti-Semitic comments, such as her complaint that the
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with similar temperaments. They were of the same age and even born on the same day, 19 May 1879. Astor shared some of Nancy's moral attitudes and had a heart condition that may have contributed to his restraint. After the marriage, the Astors moved into
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Although active in charitable efforts, Astor became noted for a streak of cruelty. On hearing of the death of a political enemy, she expressed her pleasure. When people complained, she did not apologise but said, "I'm a Virginian; we shoot to kill."
1315:. Her son, Jakie, married a prominent Catholic woman, which hurt his relationship with his mother. She and her other children became estranged. Gradually she began to accept Catholics as friends. However, she said that her final years were lonely.
1201:. After this, their marriage grew cold, likely due to her subsequent discomfort with his health problems. She ran a hospital for Canadian soldiers as she had during the First World War, but openly expressed a preference for the earlier soldiers.
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Nancy Astor's accomplishments in the House of Commons were relatively minor. She never held a position with much influence and or any post of ministerial rank although her time in Commons saw four Conservative Prime Ministers in office. The
831:(elected to Parliament in 1923, four years after Lady Astor) rose to higher levels in the Conservative Party before Astor. Astor felt if she had more position in the party, she would be less free to criticise her party's government.
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1334:, though most of these are not well documented. Churchill told Lady Astor that having a woman in Parliament was like having one intrude on him in the bathroom, to which she retorted, "You're not handsome enough to have such fears."
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views and wrote, "I'm glad you are smart enough not to take my personally". She highlighted the fact that she had a number of Catholic friends. Astor and Kennedy's correspondence is reportedly filled with antisemitic language, and
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During the 1920s, Astor made several effective speeches in Parliament, and gained support for her Intoxicating Liquor (Sale to Persons under 18) Bill (nicknamed "Lady Astor's Bill"), raising the legal age for consuming alcohol in a
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argues that Kerr, an ex-Catholic, influenced this, but others argue that Astor's Protestant Virginia origins are a sufficient explanation for her Anti-Catholic views. (Anti-Catholicism was also tied to historic national rivalries.)
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recorded an entry in his diary for 29 November 1930: "Down to Cliveden. A desultory drivel. After dinner, in order to enliven the party, Lady Astor dons a Victorian hat and a pair of false teeth. It does not enliven the
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fleeing Nazi oppression were communists, they should seek asylum with the Soviets, instead of the British. While supporters of appeasement felt that to be out of line, the Marquess of Lothian encouraged her comments.
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The 1930s were a decade of personal and professional difficulty for Lady Astor. In 1929, she won a narrow victory over the Labour candidate. In 1931, Bobby Shaw, her son from her first marriage, was arrested for
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1386:, while opposed to her anti-Semitism, recognised she was the first woman MP to take up her place in Parliament and so praised installation of the statue, commenting "I'm really pleased the statue is going up".
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She was concerned about the treatment of juvenile victims of crime: "The work of new MPs, such as Nancy Astor, led to a Departmental Committee on Sexual Offences Against Young People, which reported in 1925."
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that the reform bill that she opposed would allow women to have the same kind of divorce she had in America. Bottomley was later imprisoned for fraud, which Astor used to her advantage in other campaigns.
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841:, who believed that her late sister helped guide her in life. Lady Astor was initially sceptical of that aspect, but the two women later became close. Astor used her wealth to aid their social efforts.
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During this period, Nancy Astor continued to be active outside government by supporting the development and expansion of nursery schools for children's education. She was introduced to the issue by
1099:, also reported, "Cliveden has been the centre of friendship with German influence". To that end, several of her friends and associates, especially the Marquess of Lothian, were involved in the
516:(called Bobbie). Nancy left Shaw numerous times during their marriage, the first during their honeymoon. In 1903, Nancy's mother died; at the time, Nancy Shaw gained a divorce and moved back to
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justice who was Jewish, Astor intervened with the Nazis in Vienna and secured the release of Frankfurter's Jewish uncle, Solomon. Astor occasionally met with Nazi officials in keeping with
493:, who commanded the 54th Massachusetts Regiment, the first unit in the Union Army to be composed of African Americans. They married in New York City on 27 October 1897, when she was 18.
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because the country was "surrounded by Catholics". She also told Ribbentrop, the German ambassador, who later became the foreign minister of Germany, that Hitler looked too much like
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Lady Astor is also said to have responded to a question from Churchill about what disguise he should wear to a masquerade ball by saying, "Why don't you come sober, Prime Minister?"
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464:. By 1892, when Nancy was thirteen years old, her father had re-established his wealth and built a sizeable home. Chiswell Langhorne later moved his family to an estate, known as
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1181:'s role (from 1941) as one of the Allied Powers during the war. Her speeches became rambling and incomprehensible; an opponent said that debating her had become "like playing
1035:" in the United States to become a problem, that "Jewish pundits in New York and Los Angeles" were already making noises contrived to "set a match to the fuse of the world".
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for Lady Astor and Bobby. Because of public comments by her and her son during this period, her political career suffered. Her son made many flattering statements about the
644:, to which they both eventually converted. After converting, she began to proselytise for that faith and played a role in Kerr's conversion to it. She also tried to convert
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views, and used women's meetings to gain the support of female voters. A by-election was held on 28 November 1919, and she took up her seat in the House on 1 December as a
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Nancy Langhorne had four sisters and three brothers who survived childhood. All of the sisters were known for their "good looks". Nancy and her sister Irene both attended
884:. She was well-liked in her constituency, as well as the United States during the 1920s, but her success is generally believed to have declined in the following decades.
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1363:. A bronze statue of Lady Astor was installed in Plymouth, near her former family home, in 2019 to commemorate the 100th anniversary of her election to Parliament.
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and he suggested she take her younger sister Phyllis with her. Nancy and Phyllis moved together to England in 1905. Their older sister Irene had married the artist
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began, Astor admitted that she had made mistakes, and voted against Chamberlain, but left-wing hostility to her politics remained. In a 1939 speech, the Labour MP
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what she had said. The Conservatives felt that her son's praise of the Soviet Union served as a coup for its propaganda and so they were unhappy with her tour.
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aspire to be like the black servants she remembered from her youth. On a later trip, she told African-American church members that they should be grateful for
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Lady Astor's public image suffered, as her ethnic and religious views were increasingly out of touch with cultural changes in Britain. She expressed a growing
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as one of the circles "that want a fresh understanding with Germany and who hold that it would not basically be impossible to achieve". The Sunday newspaper
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Astor served in Parliament until 1945 when she was persuaded to step down, as her outspokenness had made her a political liability in the final years of the
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Nancy Shaw had already become known in English society as an interesting and witty American when numerous wealthy young American women had married into the
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1107:. Astor, however, was worried that the group might be viewed as a pro-German conspiracy, and her husband, William Waldorf Astor, wrote in a letter to the
946:. Both the English and Australian teams objected to that statement. Astor remained oblivious to her growing unpopularity almost to the end of her career.
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2967:"#OTD one hundred years ago, the first speech by a woman in the House of Commons was given by Nancy Astor, MP for Plymouth Sutton between 1919–45. (1/7)"
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She chaired the first ever International Conference of Women In Science, Industry and Commerce, a three-day event held London in July 1925, organised by
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unveiled in 1987 commemorates Astor at St. James's Square. Through her many social connections, Lady Astor became involved in a political circle called
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620:. Considered liberal in their age, the group advocated unity and equality among English-speaking people and a continuance or expansion of the
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The marriage was unhappy. Shaw's friends said Nancy became puritanical and rigid after marriage. Her friends said that Shaw was an abusive
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newspaper, which was owned at the time by her husband, was "full of homosexuals and Jews", and her tense antisemitic exchange with MP
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from 14 to 18. Her wealth and persona brought attention to women who were serving in government. She worked to recruit women into the
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1463:, was the first woman elected to Parliament in 1918 but refused to take her seat in line with party policy. She was also detained in
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in his last years, and that exacerbated their differences. However, the couple reconciled before his death on 30 September 1952.
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1087:. In that capacity, Astor was considered a "legendary hostess" for the group that in 1936 welcomed Hitler's foreign minister,
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realising that she was the person who was causing the commotion. She learned to dress more sedately and avoided the bars and
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424:. She retired from politics and largely withdrew from public life following the death of her husband. Astor died in 1964 at
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as a welcome solution to both of these "world problems" (Nancy's phrase). ... Kennedy replied that he expected the "
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993:
2047:"'To Keep It in the Family': Spouses, Seat Inheritance and Parliamentary Elections in Post-Suffrage Britain 1918–1945"
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Despite having Catholic friends such as Belloc for a time, Astor had religious views that included a strong vein of
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has been widely documented and has been criticised in recent years, particularly in light of former Prime Minister
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1193:. "Would you like to go in?" she asked. The GI replied: "You are the sort of woman my mother told me to avoid".
601:; it was a wedding gift from Astor's father. Nancy Astor developed as a prominent hostess for the social elite.
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in 2020, the word "Nazi" was spray-painted on its base. The statue was on a list published on a website called
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to be taken seriously. Those statements are the only documented incidents of her direct expressions to Nazis.
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After 1956, Nancy Astor became increasingly isolated. In 1959, she was honoured by receiving the Freedom of
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1126:'s policies, and she was known to distrust and to dislike British Foreign Secretary (later Prime Minister)
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UK Parliamentary Archives, Personal Papers of Mrs Bessie Le Cras, Parliamentary Agent for Lady Nancy Astor
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offences. As her son had previously shown tendencies towards alcoholism and instability, Astor's friend
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Viscountess Astor was not the first woman elected to the Westminster Parliament. That was achieved by
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354:(19 May 1879 – 2 May 1964) was an American-born British politician who was the first woman seated as a
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When told she was one of the people listed to be arrested, imprisoned and face possible execution in "
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1674:""Our Nancy: The Story of Nancy Astor and Her Gift to the University of Virginia" by Courtney Wilson"
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converted. George Bernard Shaw's wife died three years later. During the war, Astor's husband had a
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she proudly told the white minority government leaders that she was the daughter of a slave owner.
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370:, was unhappy and ended in divorce. She then moved to England and married American-born Englishman
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conspiracy was subverting the Foreign Office. Based on her opposition to Communists, she insulted
973:, and Astor often disparaged it because she did not approve of Communism. In a meeting, she asked
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Astor commented to Kennedy that Hitler would have to do worse than "give a rough time... to the
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as a solution to what she saw as the "world problems" of Jews and communists. In 1938, she met
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in Lincolnshire. She was cremated and her ashes interred at the Octagon Temple at Cliveden.
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has also related that whilst attending a dinner at the Savoy Hotel in 1934, Astor asked the
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Danville, the centre of bright leaf tobacco and a major marketing and processing centre.
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2927:"If I Were Your Wife I'd Put Poison in Your Tea!" "If I Were Your Husband I'd Drink It"
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As fiercely anti-Communist as they were anti-Semitic, Kennedy and Astor looked upon
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She attempted to discourage the hiring of Jews or Catholics to senior positions at
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Female members of the Parliament of the United Kingdom for English constituencies
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2512:"Bee Wilson · Musical Chairs with Ribbentrop: Nancy Astor · LRB 20 December 2012"
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What a lovely war! British soldiers' songs; from the Boer war to the present day
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Bernard Shaw; Viscountess Nancy Witcher Langhorne Astor Astor (1 January 2005).
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In May 1922, Astor was guest of honour at a Pan-American conference held by the
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Astor was hampered in the popular campaign for her published and at times vocal
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Langhorne House, birthplace of Lady Astor, 117 Broad Street, Danville, Virginia
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commemorated Astor in a series of tweets. The then-leader of the Labour Party,
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Nancy photographed around the time of her engagement to Waldorf Astor in 1906.
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Astor made friends among women MPs, including members of the other parties.
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Members of the Parliament of the United Kingdom for constituencies in Devon
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3627:
3536:
3221:
1367:
1252:
1237:
1236:
composed a bitingly sarcastic song to the tune of the popular German song "
1205:
1198:
1163:
1127:
1104:
1080:
1028:
970:
938:
Astor made a disastrous speech stating that alcohol use was the reason for
869:
815:
was elected after Astor had been in office for two years. Astor befriended
797:
665:
598:
421:
410:
299:
157:
1921:
Glasgow, the Uneasy Peace: Religious Tension in Modern Scotland, 1819–1914
1460:
1275:'s figure represents Canada with the head reputedly modelled by Lady Astor
742:
4349:
4303:
4252:
4247:
4237:
3750:
3653:
3541:
2582:
Scorpions: the battles and triumphs of FDR's great Supreme Court justices
1548:"Theresa May under fire after unveiling statue of 'Nazi-sympathising' MP"
1433:
1421:
1371:
1360:
1100:
758:
749:
714:
in the House of Commons. With this change, Lady Astor decided to contest
613:
585:
558:
529:
267:
257:
153:
3310:
by Edith Leeson Everett, Virginia Historical Society, Richmond, Virginia
2104:
1280:
contemporary reports, was both irritated and angry about her situation.
1173:
Astor's fear of Catholics increased and she made a speech saying that a
4553:
3561:
3298:
3095:
2451:"Theresa May unveils statue of 'virulently antisemitic' first woman MP"
1011:
928:
580:
had moved the family to England and raised his children in the English
540:
4482:
2063:
2046:
1189:". On one occasion she accosted a young American soldier outside the
835:
673:
that if he hired a Catholic, "bishops would be there within a week."
648:'s daughters to Christian Science, which led to a rift between them.
509:
448:. She was the eighth of eleven children born to railroad businessman
2483:""I am the kind of woman I would run from": The Life of Nancy Astor"
1263:
981:
3380:
3376:
1301:
1292:
1268:
1174:
1130:. She is alleged to have told one Nazi official that she supported
590:
546:
485:
in New York City. There Nancy met her first husband, the socialite
429:
309:
2383:
2349:
377:
After her second husband succeeded to the peerage and entered the
3274:
2982:
2646:
1312:
1300:
because it had allowed them to be introduced to Christianity. In
1297:
1084:
754:
699:
669:, a newspaper owned by her husband. In 1927, she reportedly told
572:
She married an Englishman, albeit one born in the United States,
398:
1374:'s 2019 unveiling of a statue in her honour with Prime Minister
3253:
1980:
Rise up, women! : the remarkable lives of the suffragettes
1876:
Woman of the World: Mary McGeachy and International Cooperation
966:
414:
3315:"Archival material relating to Nancy Astor, Viscountess Astor"
1353:
broadcast a nine-part television drama serial about her life,
1318:
Lady Astor died in 1964 at her daughter Nancy Astor's home at
564:
1003:
632:
With Milner's Kindergarten, Astor began her association with
3065:
The Impact of Hitler: British Policies and Policy 1933–1940
584:
style. The couple were well matched, as both were American
520:
to try to run her father's household but was unsuccessful.
393:. During her time in Parliament, Astor was an advocate for
1612:"Theresa May unveils statue of pioneering MP Nancy Astor"
1350:
1141:
Astor became increasingly harsh in her anti-Catholic and
698:; after his father's death, he succeeded to his father's
428:
in Lincolnshire and was interred at her family estate at
389:
in 1919, becoming the first woman to sit as an MP in the
3392:
Newspaper clippings about Nancy Astor, Viscountess Astor
385:(now the Conservative Party) and won his former seat of
4748:
Conservative Party (UK) MPs for English constituencies
2370:
1968:(London: Oxford University Press, 1960), pp. 300–303.
898:
Astor became the first President of the newly-formed
512:. During their four-year marriage, they had one son,
2941:"Oops! Theresa May Unveiled a Statue to a Racist MP"
2342:"Joseph Kennedy and the Jews | History News Network"
1204:
It was generally believed that Lady Astor, during a
1848:
The Emergence of International Society in the 1920s
1220:", suggesting they were avoiding the "real war" in
358:(MP), serving from 1919 to 1945. Astor was born in
2866:"Astor Mausoleum - Mausolea & Monuments Trust"
2542:
2449:
2239:
2237:
1918:
1873:
1576:
1574:
1572:
1570:
1568:
604:The Astors also owned a grand London house, No. 4
3195:Astor, Lady Nancy (1997). Martin Thornton (ed.).
2569:"Only a Jew like you would dare to be rude to me"
2194:
2012:"Women's Political Records in the United Kingdom"
1642:
1640:
1378:in attendance, and more recently after Labour MP
982:Antisemitism, anti-Catholicism, and anticommunism
716:the by-election for the vacant Parliamentary seat
456:In 1874, he won a construction contract with the
19:"Lady Astor" redirects here. For other uses, see
4788:Members of the Order of the Companions of Honour
4694:
3368:Works by or about Nancy Astor, Viscountess Astor
3197:Nancy Astor's Canadian Correspondence, 1912–1962
1079:Astor was also deeply involved in the so-called
786:Introduction of Lady Astor as the First Woman MP
676:
460:, using former contacts from his service in the
346:Nancy Witcher Langhorne Astor, Viscountess Astor
2841:
2839:
2837:
2827:
2825:
2823:
2443:
2441:
2404:
2306:
2304:
2234:
1719:"The Viscountess Astor (Nancy Langhorne Astor)"
1565:
1484:Her social efforts were not always successful.
957:After Bobby Shaw was arrested, Gertrude Ely, a
500:Nancy's childhood home, the Langhorne House in
4753:Converts to Christian Science from Anglicanism
2811:
2607:
2505:
2503:
2407:Harold Nicolson: Letters and Diaries 1930–1939
2313:
2167:
1637:
1228:soldiers in Italy were so incensed that Major
3491:
3477:
2910:"F.E. by Himself: Birkenhead's Best Ripostes"
2848:
2707:
2534:
2322:
2292:
2225:
2207:
1916:
1910:
1844:
1066:Pears Institute for the Study of Antisemitism
765:(also known as "Tory") Member of Parliament.
2938:
2834:
2820:
2716:
2698:
2625:
2616:
2438:
2301:
2283:
2216:
2149:
2131:
2122:
1871:
1467:at the time. Instead, Markievicz joined the
1452:
1450:
772:
710:and consequently had to forfeit his seat of
2802:
2500:
2273:Adrian Bingham et al.: "A Hidden History".
2158:
2140:
2088:
2016:Centre for Advancement of Women in Politics
1865:
1851:. Cambridge University Press. p. 269.
1763:Winston Churchill: A Biographical Companion
1580:
1014:. She asked him not to take offence at her
4798:Naturalised citizens of the United Kingdom
3484:
3470:
3323:
3291:
3280:contributions in Parliament by Nancy Astor
2176:
2105:"Horatio Bottomley – The Soldier's Friend"
1838:
1649:"Great dynasties of the world: The Astors"
1605:
1603:
706:. He automatically became a member of the
381:, she entered politics as a member of the
50:
3023:"'Nazi' sprayed on Nancy Astor MP statue"
2382:. George Mason University. Archived from
2336:
2334:
2197:"Why People Are Captivated by Lady Astor"
2190:
2188:
2079:
2062:
1447:
988:Antisemitism in the UK Conservative Party
3144:
2784:"Nazi's black list discovered in Berlin"
2277:, October 2015, Vol. 65, No. 10, p. 46.
1977:
1966:The Observer and J. L. Garvin, 1908–1914
1880:. University of Toronto Press. pp.
1768:
1262:
1002:Astor was reportedly a supporter of the
851:
776:
680:
563:
539:
495:
440:Nancy Witcher Langhorne was born at the
82:28 November 1919 – 15 June 1945
3377:Works by Nancy Astor, Viscountess Astor
3112:
2578:
2549:. University of Toronto Press. p.
2364:
1925:. Manchester University Press. p.
1600:
1545:
1541:
1539:
229: 1906; died 1952)
4713:20th-century British women politicians
4695:
3308:Portrait of Nancy Langhorne Shaw Astor
3240:Rose: My Life in Service to Lady Astor
2964:
2757:
2675:in a letter to his sons, 18 March 1943
2509:
2480:
2447:
2331:
2185:
1816:
1796:
1792:
1790:
1788:
1786:
1784:
1782:
1780:
1646:
1609:
1418:Nancy Phyllis Louise Astor (1909–1975)
998:Anti-Catholicism in the United Kingdom
721:Astor had not been connected with the
4584:
4051:
3503:
3465:
3194:
3168:
2863:
2854:Sykes (1984), pp. 580, 586–94, 601–06
1325:
1145:sentiments. After the passage of the
3715:Annabelle Ravenscroft Gibson Jenkins
2965:Reeves, Rachel (24 February 2020).
2932:
2044:
1536:
1170:called her "The Member for Berlin".
965:offered to provide a guided tour to
4803:Politicians from Danville, Virginia
3909:Mary Alice Franklin Hatwood Futrell
3868:Mary Tyler Freeman Cheek McClenahan
3228:(University of Toronto Press, 2005)
2654:from the original on 24 August 2011
1982:. London: Bloomsbury. p. 521.
1777:
1610:Morris, Steven (28 November 2019).
1208:speech, referred to the men of the
366:. Her first marriage, to socialite
13:
3232:
3100:Nancy Astor: Portrait of a Pioneer
2762:. London: M. Joseph. p. 227.
2585:(1st ed.). New York: Twelve.
2319:Masters (1981), pp. 145–49, 170–75
2137:Sykes (1984), pp. 266–67, 354, 377
2045:Lowe, Eleanor (23 November 2020).
1905:Nancy Astor: Portrait of a Pioneer
1546:Brazell, Emma (29 November 2019).
994:Antisemitism in the United Kingdom
627:
576:. When he was twelve, his father,
14:
4864:
4233:Elizabeth Ambler Brent Carrington
3289:National Portrait Gallery, London
3246:
2939:Simon Childs (29 November 2019).
2733:"The Ballad of the D-Day Dodgers"
2688:(1992) p. 53 Guinness Publishing
2462:from the original on 18 June 2022
1330:She was known for exchanges with
745:activities during her election.
4848:Politicians from Plymouth, Devon
4613:Elizabeth Dabney Langhorne Lewis
4355:Elizabeth Bray Allen Smith Stith
4156:Elizabeth Henry Campbell Russell
3421:Parliament of the United Kingdom
3384:
3252:
2831:Sykes (1984), pp. 556–57, 573–75
2510:Wilson, Bee (20 December 2012).
2481:Garman, Emma (3 February 2013).
2448:Tidman, Zoe (29 November 2019).
2289:Sykes (1984), pp. 351–52, 371–80
2195:Marguerite Martyn (6 May 1922).
1845:Daniel Gorman (20 August 2012).
1799:"Musical Chairs with Ribbentrop"
1797:Wilson, Bee (20 December 2012).
1284:Astor also began moving towards
944:Australian national cricket team
900:Electrical Association For Women
479:St. Catherine's Episcopal School
331:
201:
4718:American expatriates in England
3102:(Sidgwick & Jackson, 1980)
3015:
2989:
2958:
2920:
2902:
2888:
2857:
2776:
2751:
2725:
2678:
2666:
2647:Parliamentary Debates (Hansard)
2634:
2572:
2474:
2413:
2398:
2267:
2097:
2038:
2004:
1971:
1958:
1943:
1898:
1824:"Astor, Lady Nancy (1879–1964)"
1755:
1729:
1581:JC Reporter (2 December 2019).
1519:"Women in the House of Commons"
1492:
1478:
1157:
940:England's national cricket team
226:
197:
4853:Spouses of British politicians
4758:Critics of the Catholic Church
3955:Providencia Velazquez Gonzalez
3259:Nancy Astor, Viscountess Astor
3150:Diaries and Letters: 1930–1939
3148:(1966). Nigel Nicolson (ed.).
3083:Nancy: The Story of Lady Astor
2704:Sykes (1984), pp. 520–522, 534
2631:Sykes (1984), pp. 446–453, 468
2213:Sykes (1984), pp. 299–309, 327
1711:
1692:
1666:
1511:
1258:
753:ability to turn the tables on
16:British politician (1879–1964)
1:
4808:St. Catherine's School alumni
4723:American emigrants to England
4585:
4513:Temperance Flowerdew Yeardley
4381:Mary Elizabeth Nottingham Day
4274:Mary Berkeley Minor Blackford
4052:
3504:
3174:Nancy: The Life of Lady Astor
2737:David Suttons' Poetry Website
2376:"Joseph Kennedy and the Jews"
2245:"The Woman Engineer Volume 2"
2222:Sykes (1984), pp. 317–8 327–8
1647:Sansom, Ian (26 March 2011).
1505:
1422:Francis David Langhorne Astor
1224:and the future invasion. The
1114:At the request of her friend
856:Astor as sketched in 1922 by
677:First campaign for Parliament
435:
258:Francis David Langhorne Astor
4768:English Christian Scientists
4508:Mary Aydelotte Rice Marshall
3853:John-Geline MacDonald Bowman
3226:Bernard Shaw and Nancy Astor
2545:Bernard Shaw and Nancy Astor
1010:, who was a well-documented
803:Early in her first term, MP
489:, a first cousin of Colonel
458:Chesapeake and Ohio Railroad
7:
4643:Maggie Lena Mitchell Walker
4391:Edwilda Gustava Allen Isaac
4340:Dorothy Shoemaker McDiarmid
4182:Christiana Burdett Campbell
3904:Laura Lu Scherer Copenhaver
3396:20th Century Press Archives
3383:(public domain audiobooks)
3139:From Plymouth to Parliament
2713:Masters (1984), pp. 200–205
2613:Masters (1981), pp. 185–192
1950:"First Woman in Parliament"
1400:
911:Women's Engineering Society
685:Portrait of Nancy Astor by
528:and became a model for his
481:in Richmond, followed by a
21:Lady Astor (disambiguation)
10:
4869:
3363:www.cracroftspeerage.co.uk
3355:Collier's New Encyclopedia
3342:Albemarle County, Virginia
3178:Academy Chicago Publishers
3141:(St. Martin's Press, 1999)
3069:Cambridge University Press
3044:
2328:Masters (1981), pp. 170–75
2298:Masters (1981), pp. 161–68
2231:Masters (1981), pp. 115–18
2173:Sykes (1984), pp. 285, 326
2051:Open Library of Humanities
2020:Queen's University Belfast
1249:German invasion of Britain
991:
985:
608:, now the premises of the
535:
472:Albemarle County, Virginia
254:Nancy Phyllis Louise Astor
18:
4669:Lillie Louise Boone Lucas
4651:
4595:
4591:
4580:
4521:
4470:
4419:
4368:
4317:
4266:
4215:
4164:
4113:
4062:
4058:
4047:
3988:
3945:Frances Culpeper Berkeley
3937:
3886:
3835:
3789:
3738:
3720:Frances Benjamin Johnston
3687:
3674:Mary-Cooke Branch Munford
3636:
3585:
3514:
3510:
3499:
3493:Virginia Women in History
3450:
3436:Member of Parliament for
3434:
3426:
3419:
3349:"Astor, Lady Nancy"
3331:Mirador Historical Marker
3113:Masters, Anthony (1981).
2622:Sykes (1984), pp. 440–450
2279:Retrieved 25 October 2015
1344:
1212:who were fighting in the
1051:in 1938, as described by
773:Early years in Parliament
640:. They were attracted to
610:Naval & Military Club
450:Chiswell Dabney Langhorne
339:
327:
319:
305:
295:
284:Chiswell Dabney Langhorne
276:
237:
174:
164:
143:
119:
114:
110:
98:
86:
75:
65:
61:
49:
30:
4345:Rebekah Dulaney Peterkin
4294:Christine Herter Kendall
4146:Bessie Niemeyer Marshall
3771:Sarah Garland Boyd Jones
3410:28 November 2020 at the
3285:Portraits of Nancy Astor
3242:, (Penguin Books, 2011).
3116:Nancy Astor: A Biography
2929:, Quoteinvestigator.com.
2808:Sykes (1984), pp. 554–56
2642:"Military Training Bill"
2405:Harold Nicolson (1966).
2310:Sykes (1984), pp. 382–95
2155:Sykes (1984), pp. 329–30
2128:Sykes (1984), pp. 242–60
1978:Atkinson, Diane (2018).
1498:a mildly sexual innuendo
1440:
1413:William Waldorf Astor II
949:Astor's friendship with
921:
413:and sympathetic view of
250:William Waldorf Astor II
4728:Antisemitism in England
4623:Josephine Mathes Norcom
4549:Georgeanna Seegar Jones
4192:Elizabeth Peet McIntosh
3858:Benita Fitzgerald-Brown
3797:Clara Leach Adams-Ender
3730:Annie Bannister Spencer
3336:7 November 2012 at the
2845:Thornton (1997), p. 444
2722:Thornton (1997), p. 434
2565:: Relates how she told
2409:. Collins. p. 327.
2201:St. Louis Post-Dispatch
1765:(ABC-CLIO, 2002), p. 28
1428:Michael Langhorne Astor
1273:Edgar Bertram Mackennal
1149:, she said that if the
963:Bryn Mawr, Pennsylvania
862:St. Louis Post-Dispatch
800:frequented by the men.
544:A contemporary view of
263:Michael Langhorne Astor
124:Nancy Witcher Langhorne
4628:Mary Elizabeth Pidgeon
4493:Marii Kyogoku Hasegawa
4452:Louise Harrison McCraw
4432:Corazon Sandoval Foley
4401:Ana Ines Barragan King
4325:Nancy Melvina Caldwell
4284:Elizabeth Ashburn Duke
3705:Anna Whitehead Bodeker
3085:(Jonathan Cape, 2012)
3071:, 1975), p. 402,
2579:Feldman, Noah (1970).
2516:London Review of Books
2372:Edward J. Renehan, Jr.
2164:Masters (1981), p. 140
2146:Masters (1981), p. 137
2094:Masters (1981), p. 100
1917:Tom Gallagher (1987).
1803:London Review of Books
1583:"Who was Nancy Astor?"
1276:
1234:51st Highland Division
1089:Joachim von Ribbentrop
1062:
1037:
942:being defeated by the
889:League of Women Voters
864:
792:
690:
569:
554:
505:
4743:British viscountesses
4258:Eva Mae Fleming Scott
4197:Orelena Hawks Puckett
4151:Felicia Warburg Rogan
4105:Marian Van Landingham
3878:Mary Virginia Terhune
3807:Bessie Blount Griffin
3669:Lillian Ward McDaniel
3618:Sally Louisa Tompkins
3154:William Collins, Sons
3121:McGraw-Hill Education
3057:(Readers Union, 1964)
2425:Spartacus Educational
2182:Masters (1981), p. 58
1907:by John Grigg, p. 114
1872:Mary Kinnear (2004).
1723:scottsvillemuseum.com
1471:of the revolutionary
1407:Robert Gould Shaw III
1391:George Floyd protests
1266:
1101:policy of appeasement
1064:David Feldman of the
1057:
1025:
1021:Edward J. Renehan Jr.
1008:Joseph P. Kennedy Sr.
992:Further information:
959:Pennsylvania Railroad
855:
780:
684:
618:Milner's Kindergarten
593:, a lavish estate in
578:William Waldorf Astor
567:
543:
514:Robert Gould Shaw III
499:
245:Robert Gould Shaw III
37:The Viscountess Astor
4638:Lila Meade Valentine
4564:Kate Peters Sturgill
4478:Gaye Todd Adegbalola
4442:Cynthia Eppes Hudson
4279:Naomi Silverman Cohn
4207:Alice Jackson Stuart
4187:Betty Sams Christian
4095:Jean Miller Skipwith
4001:Caroline Bradby Cook
3919:Sheila Crump Johnson
3817:Barbara Johns Powell
3649:Janie Porter Barrett
3572:Lila Meade Valentine
3319:UK National Archives
3265:Works by Nancy Astor
3261:at Wikimedia Commons
2758:Palmer, Roy (1990).
2567:Alan Crosland Graham
2380:History News Network
2085:Sykes (1984), p. 238
1587:The Jewish Chronicle
1457:Constance Markievicz
1434:John Jacob Astor VII
1255:' was pro-Fascist."
1191:Houses of Parliament
876:, the police force,
813:Margaret Wintringham
731:Constance Markievicz
487:Robert Gould Shaw II
368:Robert Gould Shaw II
356:Member of Parliament
268:John Jacob Astor VII
200: 1897;
186:Robert Gould Shaw II
66:Member of Parliament
33:The Right Honourable
4773:English suffragists
4559:Lucy Randolph Mason
4539:Claudia Lane Dodson
4447:Mary Virginia Jones
4376:Flora D. Crittenden
4131:Emily White Fleming
4070:Mollie Holmes Adams
3843:Kate Waller Barrett
3761:Anne Makemie Holden
2790:. 14 September 1945
1774:Sykes (1984), p. 75
1704:2 June 2008 at the
1436:"Jakie" (1918–2000)
1124:Neville Chamberlain
951:George Bernard Shaw
893:Baltimore, Maryland
687:John Singer Sargent
526:Charles Dana Gibson
364:Greenwood, Virginia
288:Nancy Witcher Keene
4674:Evelyn Reid Syphax
4618:Sophie G. Meredith
4503:Barbara Kingsolver
4457:Undine Smith Moore
4090:Kate Mason Rowland
4080:Edythe C. Harrison
4016:Joann Hess Grayson
3975:Isabel Wood Rogers
3873:G. Anne Richardson
3848:Marie Majella Berg
3766:Mary Draper Ingles
3725:Anne Dobie Peebles
3598:Elizabeth Campbell
3527:Mary Julia Baldwin
3238:Harrison, Rosina,
3205:Edwin Mellen Press
3201:Lewiston, New York
3170:Sykes, Christopher
3137:Musolf, Karen J.,
3003:. 29 November 2019
2870:www.mmtrust.org.uk
2739:. 18 November 2016
2686:Military Anecdotes
2684:Reagan, Geoffrey.
2109:batterseabus.co.uk
1964:Alfred M. Gollin,
1826:. English Heritage
1743:on 19 October 2012
1680:on 12 October 2008
1395:Topple the Racists
1326:Alleged quotations
1320:Grimsthorpe Castle
1286:left-wing politics
1277:
954:political career.
865:
793:
691:
671:James Louis Garvin
606:St. James's Square
570:
555:
506:
502:Danville, Virginia
446:Danville, Virginia
426:Grimsthorpe Castle
360:Danville, Virginia
314:Grimsthorpe Castle
137:Danville, Virginia
4783:Livingston family
4690:
4689:
4686:
4685:
4682:
4681:
4608:Fannie Bayly King
4576:
4575:
4572:
4571:
4529:Sharifa Alkhateeb
4427:Doris Crouse-Mays
4396:Katherine Johnson
4335:Ruth Coles Harris
4223:Mary C. Alexander
4043:
4042:
4039:
4038:
4026:Virginia Randolph
4011:Drew Gilpin Faust
3960:Elizabeth B. Lacy
3950:Lucy Goode Brooks
3914:Mary Jeffery Galt
3894:Mary Willing Byrd
3781:Martha Washington
3679:Jessie M. Rattley
3659:Hannah Lee Corbin
3623:Elizabeth Van Lew
3608:Elizabeth Keckley
3593:Rosa Dixon Bowser
3522:Ella Graham Agnew
3460:
3459:
3451:Succeeded by
3269:Project Gutenberg
3257:Media related to
3119:. New York City:
3108:978-0-283-98631-4
3091:978-0-224-09016-2
2560:978-0-8020-3752-7
2374:(29 April 2002).
1936:978-0-7190-2396-5
1891:978-0-8020-8988-5
1858:978-1-139-53668-4
1332:Winston Churchill
1132:German rearmament
1116:Felix Frankfurter
1070:League of Nations
1041:killers of Christ
858:Marguerite Martyn
839:Margaret McMillan
829:Duchess of Atholl
805:Horatio Bottomley
790:The Box, Plymouth
657:Christopher Sykes
642:Christian Science
491:Robert Gould Shaw
343:
342:
4860:
4843:UK MPs 1935–1945
4838:UK MPs 1931–1935
4833:UK MPs 1929–1931
4828:UK MPs 1924–1929
4823:UK MPs 1923–1924
4818:UK MPs 1922–1923
4813:UK MPs 1918–1922
4738:British fascists
4633:Ora Brown Stokes
4593:
4592:
4582:
4581:
4488:Isabella Gibbons
4411:Meyera Oberndorf
4126:Eleanor Bontecou
4060:
4059:
4049:
4048:
3929:Camilla Williams
3924:Opossunoquonuske
3827:Mary Belvin Wade
3710:Mary Ann Elliott
3664:Christine Darden
3603:Thomasina Jordan
3577:Maggie L. Walker
3512:
3511:
3501:
3500:
3486:
3479:
3472:
3463:
3462:
3427:Preceded by
3417:
3416:
3388:
3387:
3372:Internet Archive
3359:
3351:
3327:
3322:
3295:
3256:
3218:
3191:
3165:
3146:Nicolson, Harold
3134:
3061:Cowling, Maurice
3039:
3038:
3036:
3034:
3019:
3013:
3012:
3010:
3008:
2993:
2987:
2986:
2980:
2978:
2962:
2956:
2955:
2953:
2951:
2936:
2930:
2924:
2918:
2917:
2916:on 4 March 2014.
2912:. Archived from
2906:
2900:
2899:
2892:
2886:
2885:
2883:
2881:
2872:. Archived from
2861:
2855:
2852:
2846:
2843:
2832:
2829:
2818:
2815:
2809:
2806:
2800:
2799:
2797:
2795:
2780:
2774:
2773:
2755:
2749:
2748:
2746:
2744:
2729:
2723:
2720:
2714:
2711:
2705:
2702:
2696:
2682:
2676:
2670:
2664:
2663:
2661:
2659:
2638:
2632:
2629:
2623:
2620:
2614:
2611:
2605:
2604:
2576:
2570:
2564:
2548:
2538:
2532:
2531:
2529:
2527:
2518:. Archived from
2507:
2498:
2497:
2495:
2493:
2478:
2472:
2471:
2469:
2467:
2453:
2445:
2436:
2435:
2433:
2431:
2417:
2411:
2410:
2402:
2396:
2395:
2393:
2391:
2368:
2362:
2361:
2359:
2357:
2348:. Archived from
2338:
2329:
2326:
2320:
2317:
2311:
2308:
2299:
2296:
2290:
2287:
2281:
2271:
2265:
2264:
2262:
2260:
2251:. Archived from
2241:
2232:
2229:
2223:
2220:
2214:
2211:
2205:
2204:
2192:
2183:
2180:
2174:
2171:
2165:
2162:
2156:
2153:
2147:
2144:
2138:
2135:
2129:
2126:
2120:
2119:
2117:
2115:
2101:
2095:
2092:
2086:
2083:
2077:
2076:
2066:
2064:10.16995/olh.556
2042:
2036:
2035:
2033:
2031:
2022:. Archived from
2008:
2002:
2001:
1975:
1969:
1962:
1956:
1947:
1941:
1940:
1924:
1914:
1908:
1902:
1896:
1895:
1879:
1869:
1863:
1862:
1842:
1836:
1835:
1833:
1831:
1820:
1814:
1813:
1811:
1809:
1794:
1775:
1772:
1766:
1759:
1753:
1752:
1750:
1748:
1739:. Archived from
1737:"Mirador Marker"
1733:
1727:
1726:
1715:
1709:
1696:
1690:
1689:
1687:
1685:
1676:. Archived from
1670:
1664:
1663:
1661:
1659:
1644:
1635:
1634:
1632:
1630:
1607:
1598:
1597:
1595:
1593:
1578:
1563:
1562:
1560:
1558:
1543:
1534:
1533:
1531:
1529:
1515:
1499:
1496:
1490:
1482:
1476:
1454:
1359:, which starred
1309:City of Plymouth
1230:Hamish Henderson
1214:Italian campaign
1147:Munich Agreement
907:Caroline Haslett
878:education reform
735:Irish Republican
723:women's suffrage
696:House of Commons
653:anti-Catholicism
550:, Nancy Astor's
483:finishing school
422:Second World War
403:education reform
391:House of Commons
353:
335:
230:
228:
205:
203:
199:
150:
133:
131:
115:Personal details
101:
89:
80:
54:
44:
28:
27:
4868:
4867:
4863:
4862:
4861:
4859:
4858:
4857:
4693:
4692:
4691:
4678:
4664:Lerla G. Joseph
4659:Krista N. Jones
4647:
4587:
4568:
4554:Ona Maria Judge
4517:
4498:Kay Coles James
4466:
4415:
4364:
4313:
4309:Stoner Winslett
4262:
4211:
4160:
4141:Lillian Lincoln
4109:
4054:
4035:
4006:Claudia Emerson
3984:
3970:P. Buckley Moss
3933:
3899:Maybelle Carter
3882:
3831:
3785:
3734:
3683:
3644:Rebecca Adamson
3632:
3581:
3567:Clementina Rind
3506:
3495:
3490:
3456:
3441:
3438:Plymouth Sutton
3432:
3412:Wayback Machine
3385:
3346:
3338:Wayback Machine
3313:
3249:
3235:
3233:Further reading
3215:
3188:
3131:
3055:Tribal Feelings
3047:
3042:
3032:
3030:
3021:
3020:
3016:
3006:
3004:
2995:
2994:
2990:
2976:
2974:
2963:
2959:
2949:
2947:
2937:
2933:
2925:
2921:
2908:
2907:
2903:
2894:
2893:
2889:
2879:
2877:
2876:on 25 July 2015
2862:
2858:
2853:
2849:
2844:
2835:
2830:
2821:
2817:Thornton (1997)
2816:
2812:
2807:
2803:
2793:
2791:
2782:
2781:
2777:
2770:
2756:
2752:
2742:
2740:
2731:
2730:
2726:
2721:
2717:
2712:
2708:
2703:
2699:
2683:
2679:
2673:Harold Nicolson
2671:
2667:
2657:
2655:
2640:
2639:
2635:
2630:
2626:
2621:
2617:
2612:
2608:
2593:
2577:
2573:
2561:
2539:
2535:
2525:
2523:
2522:on 29 June 2020
2508:
2501:
2491:
2489:
2487:The Daily Beast
2479:
2475:
2465:
2463:
2456:The Independent
2446:
2439:
2429:
2427:
2419:
2418:
2414:
2403:
2399:
2389:
2387:
2369:
2365:
2355:
2353:
2340:
2339:
2332:
2327:
2323:
2318:
2314:
2309:
2302:
2297:
2293:
2288:
2284:
2272:
2268:
2258:
2256:
2255:on 8 March 2021
2249:www2.theiet.org
2243:
2242:
2235:
2230:
2226:
2221:
2217:
2212:
2208:
2193:
2186:
2181:
2177:
2172:
2168:
2163:
2159:
2154:
2150:
2145:
2141:
2136:
2132:
2127:
2123:
2113:
2111:
2103:
2102:
2098:
2093:
2089:
2084:
2080:
2043:
2039:
2029:
2027:
2026:on 3 March 2016
2010:
2009:
2005:
1990:
1976:
1972:
1963:
1959:
1948:
1944:
1937:
1915:
1911:
1903:
1899:
1892:
1870:
1866:
1859:
1843:
1839:
1829:
1827:
1822:
1821:
1817:
1807:
1805:
1795:
1778:
1773:
1769:
1761:Chris Wrigley,
1760:
1756:
1746:
1744:
1735:
1734:
1730:
1717:
1716:
1712:
1706:Wayback Machine
1697:
1693:
1683:
1681:
1672:
1671:
1667:
1657:
1655:
1645:
1638:
1628:
1626:
1608:
1601:
1591:
1589:
1579:
1566:
1556:
1554:
1544:
1537:
1527:
1525:
1517:
1516:
1512:
1508:
1503:
1502:
1497:
1493:
1486:Harold Nicolson
1483:
1479:
1465:Holloway Prison
1459:, a member of
1455:
1448:
1443:
1403:
1347:
1328:
1261:
1185:with a dish of
1168:Stafford Cripps
1160:
1136:Charlie Chaplin
1053:Harold Nicolson
1000:
990:
984:
924:
847:Angus McDonnell
817:Ellen Wilkinson
775:
739:Holloway prison
712:Plymouth Sutton
679:
630:
628:Religious views
595:Buckinghamshire
538:
442:Langhorne House
438:
387:Plymouth Sutton
349:
291:
272:
233:
232:
224:
220:
217:
207:
204: 1903)
195:
191:
188:
165:Political party
152:
148:
135:
129:
127:
126:
125:
99:
87:
81:
76:
70:Plymouth Sutton
67:
57:
45:
40:
38:
35:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
4866:
4856:
4855:
4850:
4845:
4840:
4835:
4830:
4825:
4820:
4815:
4810:
4805:
4800:
4795:
4790:
4785:
4780:
4775:
4770:
4765:
4760:
4755:
4750:
4745:
4740:
4735:
4730:
4725:
4720:
4715:
4710:
4705:
4688:
4687:
4684:
4683:
4680:
4679:
4677:
4676:
4671:
4666:
4661:
4655:
4653:
4649:
4648:
4646:
4645:
4640:
4635:
4630:
4625:
4620:
4615:
4610:
4605:
4599:
4597:
4589:
4588:
4578:
4577:
4574:
4573:
4570:
4569:
4567:
4566:
4561:
4556:
4551:
4546:
4544:India Hamilton
4541:
4536:
4531:
4525:
4523:
4519:
4518:
4516:
4515:
4510:
4505:
4500:
4495:
4490:
4485:
4480:
4474:
4472:
4468:
4467:
4465:
4464:
4462:Martha Rollins
4459:
4454:
4449:
4444:
4439:
4434:
4429:
4423:
4421:
4417:
4416:
4414:
4413:
4408:
4403:
4398:
4393:
4388:
4383:
4378:
4372:
4370:
4366:
4365:
4363:
4362:
4357:
4352:
4347:
4342:
4337:
4332:
4330:Nikki Giovanni
4327:
4321:
4319:
4315:
4314:
4312:
4311:
4306:
4301:
4299:Mildred Loving
4296:
4291:
4289:Rachel Findlay
4286:
4281:
4276:
4270:
4268:
4264:
4263:
4261:
4260:
4255:
4250:
4245:
4243:JoAnn Falletta
4240:
4235:
4230:
4225:
4219:
4217:
4213:
4212:
4210:
4209:
4204:
4199:
4194:
4189:
4184:
4179:
4177:Monica Beltran
4174:
4172:Susie May Ames
4168:
4166:
4162:
4161:
4159:
4158:
4153:
4148:
4143:
4138:
4133:
4128:
4123:
4117:
4115:
4111:
4110:
4108:
4107:
4102:
4100:Queena Stovall
4097:
4092:
4087:
4082:
4077:
4072:
4066:
4064:
4056:
4055:
4045:
4044:
4041:
4040:
4037:
4036:
4034:
4033:
4031:Mary Sue Terry
4028:
4023:
4018:
4013:
4008:
4003:
3998:
3992:
3990:
3986:
3985:
3983:
3982:
3977:
3972:
3967:
3965:Sharyn McCrumb
3962:
3957:
3952:
3947:
3941:
3939:
3935:
3934:
3932:
3931:
3926:
3921:
3916:
3911:
3906:
3901:
3896:
3890:
3888:
3884:
3883:
3881:
3880:
3875:
3870:
3865:
3860:
3855:
3850:
3845:
3839:
3837:
3833:
3832:
3830:
3829:
3824:
3819:
3814:
3809:
3804:
3799:
3793:
3791:
3787:
3786:
3784:
3783:
3778:
3773:
3768:
3763:
3758:
3753:
3748:
3742:
3740:
3736:
3735:
3733:
3732:
3727:
3722:
3717:
3712:
3707:
3702:
3697:
3691:
3689:
3685:
3684:
3682:
3681:
3676:
3671:
3666:
3661:
3656:
3651:
3646:
3640:
3638:
3634:
3633:
3631:
3630:
3625:
3620:
3615:
3613:Theresa Pollak
3610:
3605:
3600:
3595:
3589:
3587:
3583:
3582:
3580:
3579:
3574:
3569:
3564:
3559:
3557:Dolley Madison
3554:
3549:
3547:Sarah Lee Fain
3544:
3539:
3534:
3532:Margaret Brent
3529:
3524:
3518:
3516:
3508:
3507:
3497:
3496:
3489:
3488:
3481:
3474:
3466:
3458:
3457:
3454:Lucy Middleton
3452:
3449:
3433:
3428:
3424:
3423:
3415:
3414:
3402:
3389:
3374:
3365:
3360:
3344:
3328:
3311:
3305:
3296:
3282:
3271:
3262:
3248:
3247:External links
3245:
3244:
3243:
3234:
3231:
3230:
3229:
3222:Wearing, J. P.
3219:
3213:
3192:
3186:
3166:
3152:. London, UK:
3142:
3135:
3129:
3110:
3093:
3081:Fort, Adrian,
3079:
3058:
3051:Astor, Michael
3046:
3043:
3041:
3040:
3029:. 24 June 2020
3014:
2988:
2957:
2931:
2919:
2901:
2887:
2856:
2847:
2833:
2819:
2810:
2801:
2775:
2768:
2750:
2724:
2715:
2706:
2697:
2677:
2665:
2650:. 8 May 1939.
2633:
2624:
2615:
2606:
2591:
2571:
2559:
2533:
2499:
2473:
2437:
2412:
2397:
2386:on 12 May 2009
2363:
2352:on 12 May 2009
2330:
2321:
2312:
2300:
2291:
2282:
2266:
2233:
2224:
2215:
2206:
2184:
2175:
2166:
2157:
2148:
2139:
2130:
2121:
2096:
2087:
2078:
2037:
2003:
1988:
1970:
1957:
1942:
1935:
1909:
1897:
1890:
1864:
1857:
1837:
1815:
1776:
1767:
1754:
1728:
1710:
1708:, virginia.org
1691:
1665:
1636:
1599:
1564:
1535:
1509:
1507:
1504:
1501:
1500:
1491:
1477:
1473:Irish Republic
1445:
1444:
1442:
1439:
1438:
1437:
1431:
1425:
1419:
1416:
1410:
1402:
1399:
1346:
1343:
1327:
1324:
1260:
1257:
1245:The Black Book
1187:scrambled eggs
1159:
1156:
1151:Czech refugees
1143:anti-communist
1118:, a future US
983:
980:
923:
920:
882:House of Lords
821:Susan Lawrence
774:
771:
708:House of Lords
704:Viscount Astor
678:
675:
646:Hilaire Belloc
629:
626:
622:British Empire
537:
534:
437:
434:
407:women's rights
383:Unionist Party
379:House of Lords
362:and raised in
341:
340:
337:
336:
329:
325:
324:
321:
317:
316:
307:
303:
302:
297:
293:
292:
290:
289:
286:
280:
278:
274:
273:
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270:
265:
260:
255:
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241:
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234:
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218:
213:
212:
211:
210:
193:
189:
184:
183:
182:
181:
178:
176:
172:
171:
166:
162:
161:
151:(aged 84)
145:
141:
140:
123:
121:
117:
116:
112:
111:
108:
107:
105:Lucy Middleton
102:
96:
95:
90:
84:
83:
73:
72:
63:
62:
59:
58:
55:
47:
46:
39:
36:
31:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4865:
4854:
4851:
4849:
4846:
4844:
4841:
4839:
4836:
4834:
4831:
4829:
4826:
4824:
4821:
4819:
4816:
4814:
4811:
4809:
4806:
4804:
4801:
4799:
4796:
4794:
4791:
4789:
4786:
4784:
4781:
4779:
4776:
4774:
4771:
4769:
4766:
4764:
4763:Edwardian era
4761:
4759:
4756:
4754:
4751:
4749:
4746:
4744:
4741:
4739:
4736:
4734:
4731:
4729:
4726:
4724:
4721:
4719:
4716:
4714:
4711:
4709:
4706:
4704:
4701:
4700:
4698:
4675:
4672:
4670:
4667:
4665:
4662:
4660:
4657:
4656:
4654:
4650:
4644:
4641:
4639:
4636:
4634:
4631:
4629:
4626:
4624:
4621:
4619:
4616:
4614:
4611:
4609:
4606:
4604:
4603:Pauline Adams
4601:
4600:
4598:
4594:
4590:
4583:
4579:
4565:
4562:
4560:
4557:
4555:
4552:
4550:
4547:
4545:
4542:
4540:
4537:
4535:
4532:
4530:
4527:
4526:
4524:
4520:
4514:
4511:
4509:
4506:
4504:
4501:
4499:
4496:
4494:
4491:
4489:
4486:
4484:
4481:
4479:
4476:
4475:
4473:
4469:
4463:
4460:
4458:
4455:
4453:
4450:
4448:
4445:
4443:
4440:
4438:
4435:
4433:
4430:
4428:
4425:
4424:
4422:
4418:
4412:
4409:
4407:
4406:Betty Masters
4404:
4402:
4399:
4397:
4394:
4392:
4389:
4387:
4386:Sarah A. Gray
4384:
4382:
4379:
4377:
4374:
4373:
4371:
4367:
4361:
4358:
4356:
4353:
4351:
4348:
4346:
4343:
4341:
4338:
4336:
4333:
4331:
4328:
4326:
4323:
4322:
4320:
4316:
4310:
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4009:
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3994:
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2421:"Nancy Astor"
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2275:History Today
2270:
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2017:
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2007:
1999:
1995:
1991:
1989:9781408844045
1985:
1981:
1974:
1967:
1961:
1955:
1951:
1946:
1938:
1932:
1928:
1923:
1922:
1913:
1906:
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1523:UK Parliament
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1384:Jeremy Corbyn
1381:
1380:Rachel Reeves
1377:
1376:Boris Johnson
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1218:D-Day Dodgers
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1013:
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975:Joseph Stalin
972:
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960:
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574:Waldorf Astor
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372:Waldorf Astor
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93:Waldorf Astor
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56:Astor in 1923
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4733:Astor family
4437:Nora Houston
4360:Karenne Wood
4121:Lucy Addison
4085:Janis Martin
4075:Ethel Furman
3980:Edith Turner
3863:Grace Hopper
3776:Annie Snyder
3756:Katie Couric
3746:Grace Arents
3700:Pearl Bailey
3694:
3628:Edith Wilson
3537:Willa Cather
3435:
3353:
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3239:
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3031:. Retrieved
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3000:
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2944:
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2015:
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1741:the original
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1668:
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1653:The Guardian
1652:
1627:. Retrieved
1616:The Guardian
1615:
1590:. Retrieved
1586:
1555:. Retrieved
1551:
1526:. Retrieved
1522:
1513:
1494:
1480:
1394:
1388:
1368:antisemitism
1365:
1354:
1349:In 1982 the
1348:
1339:
1336:
1329:
1317:
1306:
1290:
1282:
1278:
1267:A statue at
1253:Cliveden Set
1242:
1238:Lili Marleen
1206:World War II
1203:
1199:heart attack
1195:
1172:
1164:World War II
1161:
1158:World War II
1140:
1128:Anthony Eden
1113:
1108:
1105:Nazi Germany
1096:
1092:
1081:Cliveden Set
1078:
1063:
1058:
1044:
1038:
1029:Adolf Hitler
1026:
1001:
971:Soviet Union
956:
948:
937:
925:
916:
904:
897:
886:
870:public house
866:
861:
843:
833:
825:
810:
802:
794:
785:
782:Charles Sims
767:
747:
728:
720:
692:
666:The Observer
664:
662:
650:
631:
603:
599:River Thames
582:aristocratic
571:
556:
545:
530:Gibson Girls
522:
517:
507:
476:
465:
455:
439:
419:
411:antisemitism
376:
345:
344:
306:Residence(s)
300:Astor family
169:Conservative
158:Lincolnshire
149:(1964-05-02)
100:Succeeded by
77:
25:
4708:1964 deaths
4703:1879 births
4350:Vivian Pinn
4304:Debbie Ryan
4253:Inez Pruitt
4248:Cleo Powell
4238:Ann Compton
3802:Caitlyn Day
3751:Cockacoeske
3695:Nancy Astor
3654:Patsy Cline
3542:Jennie Dean
3299:Nancy Astor
3278:1803–2005:
3176:. Chicago:
3096:Grigg, John
2864:dijit.net.
2658:27 November
2259:26 November
2114:30 December
2030:27 November
1808:13 December
1528:28 November
1430:(1916–1980)
1424:(1912–2001)
1415:(1907–1966)
1409:(1898–1970)
1389:During the
1372:Theresa May
1361:Lisa Harrow
1356:Nancy Astor
1259:Final years
1210:Eighth Army
1093:Astorgruppe
1049:Alan Graham
933:Philip Kerr
788:, c. 1919,
759:Prohibition
750:teetotalism
702:as the 2nd
638:Catholicism
634:Philip Kerr
614:blue plaque
586:expatriates
559:aristocracy
154:Grimsthorpe
134:19 May 1879
88:Preceded by
4697:Categories
3562:Pocahontas
3224:(editor),
2950:5 December
2794:7 December
2466:4 December
1998:1016848621
1954:The Tablet
1658:16 October
1629:5 December
1592:5 December
1557:5 December
1506:References
1469:First Dáil
1247:" under a
1076:problem".
1012:antisemite
986:See also:
929:homosexual
880:, and the
436:Early life
395:temperance
323:Politician
320:Occupation
147:2 May 1964
130:1879-05-19
4586:2020–2029
4534:Queen Ann
4483:Rita Dove
4053:2010–2019
3822:Lee Smith
3505:2000–2009
3162:874514916
2977:6 October
2880:11 August
2743:9 October
2601:528665984
2430:16 August
2073:2056-6700
2057:(2): 27.
1830:18 August
1624:0261-3077
1461:Sinn Féin
1074:Palestine
1033:Jew media
902:in 1924.
836:socialist
743:Sinn Féin
510:alcoholic
462:Civil War
374:in 1906.
328:Signature
296:Relatives
160:, England
78:In office
4136:Pearl Fu
3408:Archived
3381:LibriVox
3334:Archived
3172:(1984).
3027:BBC News
3001:ITV News
2652:Archived
2460:Archived
2390:29 April
1747:20 April
1702:Archived
1401:Children
1366:Astor's
1302:Rhodesia
1293:paranoia
1269:Cliveden
1216:as the "
1175:Catholic
1045:Observer
909:for the
763:Unionist
755:hecklers
591:Cliveden
547:Cliveden
430:Cliveden
310:Cliveden
238:Children
3398:of the
3394:in the
3370:at the
3358:. 1921.
3287:at the
3275:Hansard
3045:Sources
3033:25 June
3007:18 July
2983:Twitter
2896:"x.com"
2526:27 June
2492:27 June
2356:26 June
1489:party".
1313:suicide
1298:slavery
1232:of the
1085:fascism
1023:wrote:
860:of the
700:peerage
597:on the
536:England
518:Mirador
467:Mirador
399:welfare
277:Parents
231:
223:
219:
206:
194:
190:
175:Spouses
3211:
3184:
3160:
3127:
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3089:
3075:
2766:
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2599:
2589:
2557:
2346:hnn.us
2071:
1996:
1986:
1933:
1888:
1855:
1684:2 June
1622:
1345:Legacy
1226:Allied
1222:France
1183:squash
1179:Stalin
967:Moscow
689:, 1909
415:Nazism
2971:Tweet
1552:Metro
1441:Notes
1162:When
1109:Times
1004:Nazis
922:1930s
470:, in
225:(
221:
196:(
192:
4652:2021
4596:2020
4522:2019
4471:2018
4420:2017
4369:2016
4318:2015
4267:2014
4216:2013
4165:2012
4114:2011
4063:2010
3989:2009
3938:2008
3887:2007
3836:2006
3790:2005
3739:2004
3688:2003
3637:2002
3586:2001
3515:2000
3447:1945
3443:1919
3303:IMDb
3209:ISBN
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