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While an émigré, Hrushevsky began to become pro-Bolshevik. Along with other members of the
Ukrainian Party of Socialist Revolutionaries, he formed the Foreign Delegation of the Ukrainian Party of Socialist Revolutionaries, which advocated reconciliation with the Bolshevik government. Though the group
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and
Imperial Russia. Secondly, to give real depth to the continuity, Hrushevsky stressed the role of the common people, the "popular masses" as he called them, throughout the eras. Thus, popular revolts against the various foreign states that ruled Ukraine were also a major theme. Thirdly, Hrushevsky
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As a political leader, Hrushevsky first became active in
Austrian Halychyna, where he spoke out against Polish political predominance and Ruthenian particularism and supported a national Ukrainian identity that would unite both eastern and western parts of the country. In 1899, he was a cofounder of
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Hrushevsky’s
History of Ukraine-Rus’ represented a seismic break from the Russocentric paradigm that had previously driven historiography. Russian imperial domination of political history had sought to entrench a narrative advocating a direct continuity between Rus' and the Suzdalia-Muscovy-Russian
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secret police after reports (probably fabricated by the GPU in
Ukraine) were sent to Moscow that had been considering defection to the West, and afterwards the government resolution and approval of his official obituary were published remarkably promptly, as if already prepared: the suspicious
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640:, Mykhailo has received blessings from his grandfather who has graduated from the History Department of this University. Mykhailo spoke warmly of his parents and described them as real patriots of Ukraine, who managed to instill a sense of national pride in their children.
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was critical of the
Bolsheviks, especially because of their centralism and repressive activities in Ukraine, it felt that the criticisms had to be put aside because the Bolsheviks were the leaders of the international revolution. Hrushevsky and his group petitioned the
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convictions, but others believe that
Hrushevsky gradually became more and more for Ukrainian statehood in his various writings and that to be is reflected in his political work on the construction of a Ukrainian national state, during the revolution in 1917 and 1918.
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priests. Glafira married Serhii
Fedorovych Hrushevsky, who had come to Kholm to teach Russian language at a Greco-Catholic gymnasium in 1865. Serhii Fedorovych's father, Fedir Hrushevsky was a highly-decorated official (his awards included the two
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government was unwilling to do so. By 1921, the
Foreign Delegation of the Ukrainian Party of Socialist Revolutionaries had ended its activity, but all of its members returned to Ukraine, including Hrushevsky, who did so in 1924.
192:, is a useful starting point for translations, but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate, rather than simply copy-pasting machine-translated text into the English Knowledge.
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In
Hrushevsky's varied historical writings, certain basic ideas come to the fore. Firstly, he saw continuity in Ukrainian history from ancient times to his own. Thus, he claimed the ancient Ukrainian steppe cultures from
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of the early 20th century. Hrushevsky is often considered the country's greatest modern historian, the foremost organiser of scholarship, the leader of the pre-revolution Ukrainian national movement, the head of the
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Hrushevsky is presently regarded as Ukraine's greatest 20th-century scholar and one of the most prominent Ukrainian statesmen in Ukraine's history, and he is still famous in Ukraine. Hrushevsky has been more
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the Galician-based National Democratic Party, which looked forward to eventual Ukrainian independence. After 1905, Hrushevsky advised the Ukrainian Club in the Russian State Duma, or Parliament.
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with an appreciation for native Ukrainian political entities, autonomous polities, which steadily increased in the final volumes of his master work. In general, his approach combined
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Hrushevsky, M., Bar Starostvo: Historical Notes: XV-XVIII, St. Volodymyr University Publishing House, Velyka-Vasyl'kivska, Building no. 29-31, Kyiv, Ukraine, 1894; Lviv, Ukraine,
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Hrushevsky, M., Bar Starostvo: Historical Notes: XV-XVIII, St. Volodymyr University Publishing House, Velyka-Vasyl'kivska, Building no. 29-31, Kyiv, Ukraine, 1894; Lviv, Ukraine,
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Christopher Gilley, ‘The “Change of Signposts” in the Ukrainian emigration: Mykhailo Hrushevskyi and the Foreign Delegation of the Ukrainian Party of Socialist Revolutionaries’,
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commitment to the cause of the nation and positivist methodology to produce a highly-authoritative history of his native land and people. Hrushevsky also wrote a multi-volume
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editions. In addition, he wrote numerous specialised studies in which he displayed a very acute critical acumen. His personal bibliography has over 2000 separate titles.
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to be largely a national and social phenomenon, rather than simply a religious phenomenon. Thus, continuity nativism, and populism characterised his general histories.
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747:, who stressed the Slavic origins of Rus, internal discord as the primary reason for the fall of Kievan Rus' and the native Ukrainian ethnic makeup and origins of the
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17 September] 1866 – 24 November 1934) was a Ukrainian academician, politician, historian and statesman who was one of the most important figures of the
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During the Soviet period the republican leader was the 1st secretary of the party, while a head of state de jure was the chairman of the parliament's presidium.
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Do not translate text that appears unreliable or low-quality. If possible, verify the text with references provided in the foreign-language article.
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915:, in Kyiv and gradually guided it from Ukrainian national autonomy within a democratic Russia through to complete independence. He chaired the
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On the role of statehood in Hrushevsky's historical thought, contemporary scholars still do not agree. Some believe that Hrushevsky retained a
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As an organiser of scholarship, Hrushevsky oversaw the transformation of the Shevchenko Literary Society, based in the province of Halychyna (
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government to legalise the Ukrainian Party of Socialist Revolutionaries and to allow the members of the Foreign Delegation to return. The
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as the sole legitimate heir of Kievan Rus, which opposed the official scheme of Russian history, which claimed Kievan Rus' for the
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are devoted to his memory, and monuments to him have been erected in both cities. A street in Kyiv bears his name and houses the
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and quickly grew to serve as an unofficial academy of sciences for Ukrainian on both sides of the border with Russia. After the
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always emphasised native Ukrainian factors rather than international ones as the causes of various phenomena. Thus, he was an
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published an article by Hrushevsky that outlined Ukraine's struggle for self-government. Following the German-supported
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Content in this edit is translated from the existing Ukrainian Knowledge article at ]; see its history for attribution.
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The 'Change of Signposts' in the Ukrainian Emigration. A Contribution to the History of Sovietophilism in the 1920s
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1157:[1917 – a meeting of the Ukrainian Central Rada, chaired by Mykhailo Hrushevskyi] (in Ukrainian).
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Back in Ukraine, Hrushevsky concentrated on academic work. Above all, he continued writing his monumental
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Empire — an interpretation of medieval history that, for decades, Western scholarship had fully embraced.
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represented a seismic break from the Russocentric paradigm that had previously driven historiography
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Oleksandr Hrushevsky (1877–1943) was married to Olha Hrushevska (Parfenenko) (1876–1961).
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Unmaking Imperial Russia : Mykhailo Hrushevsky and the writing of Ukrainian history
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Pyrig, Ruslan. Mykhailo Grushevsky and the Bolshevik Rule: The Price of Compromises in
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Collection of Hrushevsky's Works at the Canadian Institute of Ukrainian Studies press
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571:(Ukraine's 1917–1918 revolutionary parliament), and a leading cultural figure in the
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In 1917, Hrushevsky was elected head of the revolutionary parliament, the Ukrainian
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Unmaking Imperial Russia: Mykhailo Hrushevsky and the Writing of Ukrainian History
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mistrust of the state throughout his career and that it was reflected by his deep
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Mykhailo Hrushevsky had two siblings: a brother, Oleksandr, and a sister, Hanna.
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in 1907 that served as a prototype to the future Academy of Sciences. After the
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1155:"1917 - засідання Української Центральної Ради, яке очолив Михайло Грушевський"
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Hrushevsky was born on 29 September 1866 to a Ukrainian noble family in Kholm (
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Hrushevsky as leader of the Central Rada at a military parade in Kyiv in 1917
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1088:(November 8, 1868 – September 19, 1948), was from 1917 was a member of the
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and Petliura too associated with violence to make a good symbolic figure.
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1459:,LX, 3-4 (2004), pp. 216–30. A brief summary of this author's views.
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In the 2021 Grand Prix for Excellence in Translation, it was said that:
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to the source of your translation. A model attribution edit summary is
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Mykhailo Hrushevsky: Ukrainian-Russian Confrontation in Historiography
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circumstances effectively made him a martyr for the Ukrainian cause.
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Plaque in Vienna marking the home in which he lived during his exile.
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to the 1660s. In the work, he balanced a commitment to the ordinary
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1452:(Toronto-New York-Munich: Ukrainian Historical Association, 1988).
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Hrushevsky's portrait appears on the 50 hryvnia note. A museum in
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1300:. University of Toronto Press. pp. 6, 275, 510 (note 233).
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Thomas M. Prymak, "Mykhailo Hrushevsky in History and Legend,"
1330:"National bank of Ukraine. Banknotes. 50 UAH. Portrait details"
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Annals of the Ukrainian Academy of Arts and Sciences in the US
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At the time of his death, he was being shadowed by the Soviet
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were, despite both playing more important roles during the
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celebrating the 100th anniversary of the publication of
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Presidents of the Ukrainian People's Republic in exile.
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Full Members of the All-Ukrainian Academy of Sciences
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Mykhailo Hrushevsky: The Politics of National Culture
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and a treasurer for the Ukrainian National Theatre.
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15 September] 1917 – 29 April 1918
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Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv alumni
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Ukrainian Socialist-Revolutionary Party politicians
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Hanna Shamraieva had two children, Serhii and Olha.
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72:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
1774:First Secretary of the Communist Party of Ukraine
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829:. Standing in the third row: Ivan Petrushevych,
222:{{Translated|uk|Грушевський Михайло Сергійович}}
1778:Chairmen of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet
1466:(Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2005).
1437:(Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1987).
210:accompanying your translation by providing an
176:Click for important translation instructions.
163:expand this article with text translated from
16:Ukrainian historian and politician (1866–1934)
2432:Presidents of the Ukrainian People's Republic
1873:
1610:
734:as part of Ukrainian heritage. He viewed the
611:, in the area of the village of Sestrynivka,
2452:Full Members of the USSR Academy of Sciences
2412:Members of the Shevchenko Scientific Society
1889:Modern Ukraine after the Russian Revolution
1844:Chairman of the Ukrainian National Council.
2311:Congress of the Enslaved Peoples of Russia
1880:
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1617:
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1422:, "A Survey of Ukrainian Historiography,"
665:Hrushevsky wrote his first academic book,
2392:Members of the Central Council of Ukraine
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1216:Michaelo, Hrushevsky (17 February 1918).
667:Bar Starostvo: Historical Notes: XV-XVIII
132:Learn how and when to remove this message
2372:Society of Ukrainian Progressors members
1624:
1218:"Ukraine's Struggle for Self-Government"
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1901:Universals (Central Council of Ukraine)
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714:, which appeared in both Ukrainian and
708:Outline History of the Ukrainian People
441:Ukrainian Socialist-Revolutionary Party
2442:Ukrainian exiles in the Russian Empire
2362:Ukrainian people in the Russian Empire
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2219:Ukrainian National Democratic Alliance
2078:Central Executive Committee of Ukraine
1981:Ukrainian People's Republic of Soviets
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1159:Ukrainian Institute of National Memory
1861:
1598:
1497:, Ibidem: Stuttgart, 2009, Chapter 4.
821:, Osyp Makovej, Mykhailo Hrushevsky,
2427:Russian Constituent Assembly members
1588:Unknown Ukraine: Mykhailo Hrushevsky
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1243:Jahrbücher für Geschichte Osteuropas
1045:Mykhailo Hrushevsky monument in Kyiv
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70:adding citations to reliable sources
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1991:Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic
1764:Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic
1483:, September 30, 2006. Available in
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2011:Galician Soviet Socialist Republic
2006:Donetsk–Krivoy Rog Soviet Republic
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1245:, Vol. 54, 2006, No. 3, pp. 345-74
1182:"History of Ukraine-Rus' Volume 2"
14:
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2467:19th-century Ukrainian historians
2397:20th-century Ukrainian historians
2316:All-Ukrainian Congress of Soviets
2131:Ukrainian Social Democratic Party
1996:Taurida Soviet Socialist Republic
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1392:Ukraine: Birth of a Modern Nation
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917:Congress of the Peoples of Russia
879:All-Ukrainian Academy of Sciences
2027:West Ukrainian People's Republic
1668:West Ukrainian People's Republic
1591:. Film 86. "Kyivnaukfilm", 1993.
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1271:Internet Encyclopedia of Ukraine
945:Emigration and return to Ukraine
736:Principality of Galicia–Volhynia
555:Mykhailo Serhiiovych Hrushevskyi
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2307:All-Ukrainian National Congress
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704:History of Ukrainian Literature
536:Mykhailo Serhiiovych Hrushevsky
395:Mykhailo Serhiiovych Hrushevsky
57:needs additional citations for
2357:People from Lublin Governorate
2180:Polish Democratic Center Party
1343:Famous Ukrainians of all times
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757:Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth
712:Illustrated History of Ukraine
544:Михайло Сергійович Грушевський
220:You may also add the template
1:
2195:Socialist Revolutionary Party
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855:Shevchenko Scientific Society
792:Shevchenko Scientific Society
790:The board and members of the
755:and the Cossacks against the
679:, which was published in the
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342:Shevchenko Scientific Society
21:Eastern Slavic naming customs
2142:Soviet of Peasants Deputies
2093:Ukrainian Socialist Parties
1571:Works by Mykhailo Hrushevsky
740:Vladimir-Suzdal Principality
683:and covered the period from
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313:Volodymyr Pavlovych Naumenko
7:
2447:Burials at Baikove Cemetery
2153:Soviet of Soldiers Deputies
1965:Crimean Regional Government
1937:Ukrainian People's Republic
1927:Ukrainian People's Republic
1711:Ukrainian People's Republic
1634:Ukrainian People's Republic
1577:(public domain audiobooks)
1354:Sociological group "RATING"
1032:Ukrainian People's Republic
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402:17 September] 1866
10:
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2191:Russian Socialist Parties
2150:Soviet of Workers Deputies
2058:Central Council of Ukraine
1745:Ukrainian National Council
1426:, V-VI, 4 (1957), 262-74:
1034:, but Vynnychenko was too
863:Russian Revolution of 1905
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634:Saint Volodymyr University
564:Ukrainian national revival
471:Saint Volodymyr University
282:Central Council of Ukraine
184:Machine translation, like
19:In this name that follows
18:
2472:Historians of Kievan Rus'
2437:Heads of state of Ukraine
2422:Ukrainian revolutionaries
2321:Labor Congress of Ukraine
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2227:
2176:Polish Socialist Parties
2156:Jewish Socialist Parties
2145:Ukrainian Peasant Society
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1986:Ukrainian Soviet Republic
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1960:Crimean People's Republic
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1920:Ukrainian national states
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165:the corresponding article
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1009:Hrushevskyi portrait on
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2136:Ukrainian Radical Party
2042:Kuban People's Republic
1953:Crimean national states
1906:Treaty of Brest-Litovsk
1564:Encyclopedia of Ukraine
1544:27 January 2020 at the
1396:Oxford University Press
1294:Plokhy, Serhii (2005).
1086:Maria-Ivanna Hrushevska
970:History of Ukraine-Rusʹ
776:History of Ukraine-Rus’
632:). Upon enrolling into
511:History of Ukraine-Rus'
451:Maria-Ivanna Hrushevska
398:29 September [
231:For more guidance, see
2382:Ukrainian nationalists
2185:Polish Socialist Party
2001:Odessa Soviet Republic
1267:"Hrushevsky, Mykhailo"
1186:Peterson Literary Fund
1046:
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842:
833:, Yossyp Kyshakevych,
676:History of Ukraine-Rus
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587:Hrushevskyi museum in
2402:Historians of Ukraine
2240:Volodymyr Vynnychenko
2109:Socialists-Sovereigns
2037:Kholodny Yar Republic
1648:Volodymyr Vynnychenko
1132:standard romanization
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1024:Volodymyr Vynnychenko
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837:, Denys Lukianovych,
825:, Oleksandr Kolessa,
807:Yevheniya Yaroshynska
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233:Knowledge:Translation
204:copyright attribution
81:"Mykhailo Hrushevsky"
2073:Constituent Assembly
1626:President of Ukraine
1559:Hrushevsky, Mykhailo
1493:Christopher Gilley,
1259:Ohloblyn, Oleksander
1206:, pp. 1 – 623, 1996.
963:Later life and death
899:Ukrainian Revolution
871:1917-1921 revolution
669:, on the history of
622:Orders of Saint Anna
613:Podillia Governorate
499:Historical outline."
309:Position established
66:improve this article
2245:Vsevolod Holubovych
2235:Mykhailo Hrushevsky
1828:Volodymyr Zelenskyy
1817:Oleksandr Turchynov
1682:Yevhen Petrushevych
1643:Mykhailo Hrushevsky
1551:Oleksander Ohloblyn
1457:Ukrainian Quarterly
935:social conservatism
796:Ivan Kotliarevsky's
710:and a very popular
489:Magister of History
481:Academic, historian
460:Kateryna Hrushevska
377:Stepan Tomashivskyi
366:Oleksandr Barvinsky
294:28 March [
260:Михайло Грушевський
252:Mykhailo Hrushevsky
2387:Leaders of Ukraine
2367:Ukrainian nobility
2270:Volodymyr Zatonsky
2255:Pavlo Skoropadskyi
1846:
1842:
1701:Pavlo Skoropadskyi
1448:Lubomyr R. Wynar,
1433:Thomas M. Prymak,
1371:2013-03-24 at the
1348:2014-07-14 at the
1222:The New York Times
1047:
1015:
931:Pavlo Skoropadskyi
922:The New York Times
909:
843:
753:Bohdan Khmelnytsky
749:Ukrainian Cossacks
698:principles with a
681:Ukrainian language
649:
593:
575:during the 1920s.
330:Pavlo Skoropadskyi
326:Position abolished
212:interlanguage link
2462:Magazine founders
2407:Ukrainian editors
2352:People from Chełm
2329:
2328:
2260:Noman Çelebicihan
2087:Political parties
2020:Other territories
1945:
1855:
1854:
1812:Viktor Yanukovych
1807:Viktor Yushchenko
1725:Stepan Vytvytskyi
1472:978-0-8020-3937-8
1443:978-0-8020-5737-2
1420:Dmytro Doroshenko
1404:978-0-19-530546-3
1204:978-5-12-004335-9
1107:978-5-12-004335-9
1065:, in 50 volumes.
881:in Kyiv in 1923.
819:Volodymyr Hnatiuk
811:Natalia Kobrynska
628:, and a title of
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334:Hetman of Ukraine
280:President of the
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2102:independent left
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1823:Petro Poroshenko
1730:Mykola Livytskyi
1720:Andriy Livytskyi
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1567:, vol. 2 (1989).
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1517:Biography portal
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415:24 November 1934
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161:You can help
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148:
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125:
122:February 2023
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93:
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83: –
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77:Find sources:
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55:This article
53:
49:
44:
43:
38:
34:
31: and the
30:
26:
22:
2234:
1790:(since 1991)
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1423:
1383:
1361:
1356:(2012/05/28)
1338:
1324:
1296:
1274:. Retrieved
1270:
1242:
1237:
1225:. Retrieved
1221:
1211:
1194:
1185:
1180:Press, Ian.
1175:
1163:. Retrieved
1149:
1127:
1122:
1096:Bibliography
1090:Central Rada
1083:
1072:
1062:
1048:
1016:
991:
968:
966:
948:
920:
913:Central Rada
910:
893:
844:
827:Bohdan Lepky
775:
773:
761:
720:
711:
707:
703:
674:
671:Bar, Ukraine
666:
664:
659:
655:
626:Bronze Cross
594:
569:Central Rada
535:
534:
509:
494:Dissertation
417:(1934-11-24)
373:Succeeded by
350:
325:
321:Succeeded by
308:
289:
245:
208:edit summary
199:
170:
167:in Ukrainian
162:
143:
128:
119:
109:
102:
95:
88:
76:
64:Please help
59:verification
56:
36:
28:
2347:1934 deaths
2342:1866 births
2170:Poalei Zion
2068:Directorate
2051:Parliaments
1942:Directorate
1891:(1917–1920)
1766:(1922–1991)
1713:(1920–1992)
1670:(1918–1919)
1636:(1917–1920)
1276:18 February
1128:Hrushevskyi
929:of General
890:Before 1917
823:Ivan Franko
728:Kievan Rus'
693:rationalist
589:Kryvorivnia
505:Magnum opus
429:Nationality
361:Preceded by
304:Preceded by
33:family name
29:Serhiiovych
2336:Categories
2280:Yuri Gaven
2212:Mensheviks
2207:Bolsheviks
2160:Fareynikte
2124:Borotbists
1366:Top 11-100
1141:References
1084:His wife,
979:Kislovodsk
885:Politician
835:Ivan Trush
768:democratic
685:prehistory
579:Early life
478:Occupation
466:Alma mater
422:Kislovodsk
92:newspapers
37:Hrushevsky
25:patronymic
1911:Act Zluky
1692:Hetmanate
1316:879109029
1036:left wing
1011:₴ 50 bill
989:in Kyiv.
939:Directory
652:Historian
549:romanized
540:Ukrainian
518:Signature
432:Ukrainian
355:1897–1913
351:In office
290:In office
226:talk page
2285:Béla Kun
2165:The Bund
1940:(led by
1819:(Acting)
1575:LibriVox
1542:Archived
1398:(2007),
1369:Archived
1346:Archived
1020:lionized
983:Caucasus
764:populist
732:Cossacks
700:romantic
630:nobility
624:and the
617:Orthodox
609:Podillia
457:Children
344:Chairman
315:(acting)
202:provide
1788:Ukraine
1561:in the
1489:Ukraine
1485:Russian
981:in the
847:Galicia
782:Scholar
730:to the
724:Scythia
716:Russian
551::
224:to the
206:in the
169:.
106:scholar
1747:(1941)
1694:(1918)
1470:
1441:
1428:online
1402:
1314:
1304:
1227:16 May
1202:
1165:5 July
1161:(UIMP)
1105:
1069:Family
1013:, 2019
1001:Legacy
975:Moscow
875:Vienna
799:Eneida
605:Tiflis
599:), in
473:, Kyiv
447:Spouse
108:
101:
94:
87:
79:
23:, the
2097:USDLP
1126:Also
1114:Notes
1022:than
706:, an
636:, in
597:Chełm
405:Kholm
186:DeepL
113:JSTOR
99:books
2200:Left
2119:UPSR
2114:UPSF
1776:and
1772:see
1487:and
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