944:
881:) and Bengal. It is possible that Kapaya Nayaka advanced in the direction of Warangal in this period, acquiring some of its territory. Consequently, Telangana was also counted among the rebellious territories. In 1334–35, the Sultan marched on Deccan in an attempt to quell the rebellions, but his army was struck by some kind of epidemic and the Sultan himself fell gravely ill. He was forced to retreat to Delhi via Daulatabad. It is said that about a third of his army perished due to the epidemic.
575:
582:
672:
634:
615:
729:
691:
710:
748:
653:
2727:
1868:
622:
603:
589:
2680:
660:
679:
641:
717:
698:
767:
736:
215:
851:
755:
899:
Bilal Dew , convened a meeting of his kinsmen and resolved, first, to secure the forts of his own country. and then to remove his seat of government among the mountains. Krishn Naig promised, on his part also, that when their plans were ripe for execution, to raise all the
Hindoos of Wurungole and
1089:
The
Kaluvacheru grant states that Prolaya Vema Reddi became independent after the death of Kapaya Nayaka in 1368. However, it is known that Vema Reddi was already independent by 1325. M. Somasekhara Sarma recognises the mistake in the record, but nevertheless believes that Vema Reddi acted as a
509:
Vilasa grant was the only inscription made by
Prolaya Nayaka that got discovered. This grant was very crucial for Andhra history gave new insight into the history of Andhra and Telangana, and the happenings aftermath of the death of Kakatiya Prataparudra II. This Vilasa grant was originally
836:
brought about by northern Muslim armies and attempted to legitimise himself as the rightful restorer of order. Prolaya Nayaka left no children and was succeeded by a cousin, Kapaya Nayaka, who governed until 1368 and attempted to further expand his rule.
968:
Kapaya Nayaka took control of
Warangal from Malik Maqbul in 1336 and thus also of a wider swathe of eastern Telangana that was governed from there. He also tried to support other rebels in the surrounding areas, although in the case of aid given to
876:
Muhammad bin
Tughluq, who became the Sultan of Delhi in 1324, witnessed numerous rebellions starting in 1330, first in the immediate vicinity in the Ganga-Yamuna doab, which caused a famine in Delhi, and rebellions within ranks in Ma'bar
807:, who populate the hill forests would have facilitated Prolaya Nayaka's rebellion against the Sultanate. Rekapalle is also a strategic location to control or obstruct communications on the Godavari river passing through the hills.
1015:
After the death of Kapaya Nayaka, his allied
Nayakas are said to have returned to their own towns, and the period of the Musunuri family ended. The Recherla Nayakas became the dominant power in the Telangana that lasted till 1435.
528:, by Hundi Venkata Rao Pantulu and his Vaishya partner. These discovered 14 copper plates were equally distributed and the share of 7 plates held by Venkata Rao Pantulu got preserved and now they are currently located in the
900:
Telingana and put himself at their head.... He (Bilal Dew) then raised an army and put part of it under the command of Krishn Naig, who reduced
Wurungole and compelled Imad-ool-Moolk, the governor, to retreat to Dowlatabad .
1737:
Wagoner, Phillip B.; Rice, John Henry (2001), "From Delhi to the Deccan: Newly
Discovered Tughluq Monuments at Warangal-Sult̤ānpur and the Beginnings of Indo-Islamic Architecture in Southern India",
514:
who specialized in the medieval history of Andhra and
Telangana. The grant details got published in Volume 32 of the Epigrahia Indica, which mentions that the original discovery happened at
462:
Little is known of the
Musunuri family; they are often described as "obscure". The founding ruler of the family, Musunuri Prolaya Nayaka, suddenly appears as a new ruler at Rekapalle, near
493:), the general that conquered Warangal, renamed it "Sultanpur" and remained as the governor of the region for a short period. In 1324, he was recalled to Delhi to succeed the Khaljis as
3419:
778:
3414:
501:, was appointed as the governor of the region. However, the Tughluq hold over the erstwhile Kakatiya empire was tenuous and a number of local chieftains seized effective power.
174:
160:
135:
121:
932:
found himself unable to withstand the rebellion and fled to Delhi. Ferishta states that Kapaya Nayaka and Ballala III then jointly marched on the newly declared
2744:
405:
1432:, p. 81: "How this discrepancy arose and why such a wrong account was given in the Kaluvaceru grant is a mystery which is yet to be unravelled."
821:. Historian M. Rama Rao states that Prolayavema Reddi and Prolaya Nayaka must have made a 'joint effort' to drive the Muslim rule out from the area.
2522:
1634:
2651:
2646:
2270:
2474:
2661:
2656:
447:
3254:
873:
clan in 1423, Kapaya Nayaka was assisted by 75 Nayakas. The grant also states that Prolaya Vema Reddi was one among these 75 Nayakas.
3363:
2507:
2469:
473:
caste group. However, according to Cynthia Talbot, the modern castes of Andhra region did not originate until the late stages of the
1279:
Prolayanayaka of the Musunuri family who is considered to belong to the Kamma caste established an independent kingdom at Rekapalli.
2512:
1856:
510:
discovered in the 19th century but it came to limelight after nearly a century and got deciphered by the eminent Indian historian,
1720:
Pre-colonial India in Practice: Society, Region, and Identity in Medieval Andhra: Society, Region, and Identity in Medieval Andhra
3373:
3277:
398:
3302:
3358:
3353:
3143:
2731:
2527:
2247:
1873:
1728:
1644:
1624:
803:), Rekapalle could control the narrow Sabari river valley lying between the Bhadrachalam forest and the Papikondalu forest.
3249:
2303:
1834:
1791:
1444:, p. 295: "It is thus impossible that Prolaya Vema could at any time have been a subordinate of the Musunuri chiefs."
2715:
2517:
2461:
2104:
3404:
1604:
1102:
1065:
391:
194:
977:
Shah followed over a period of years, during which Kapaya Nayaka had to cede various forts and territories, including
3123:
3108:
3098:
2693:
2666:
2076:
1801:
1272:
1242:
3399:
3297:
3282:
3259:
2950:
2502:
2497:
3292:
3133:
3128:
2920:
2492:
865:
1333–1368) led a larger rebellion against the Tughluq rule, driving it out of Warangal in 1336. According to the
817:
by 1325, is believed to have taken control of the region between the Krishna and Godavari rivers, perhaps up to
434:. Musunuri Kapaya Nayaka is said to have taken a leadership role among the Andhra chieftains and driven out the
3368:
3219:
3113:
2907:
2112:
1930:
1783:
536:. These 7 copper plates are deciphered by Somasekhara Sarma and they reveal about a land grant to Brahmins in
477:. Musunuri Nayakas were ardent saivities and Kapaya Nayaka acclaimed that he was chosen by none other than the
3287:
3239:
3234:
3103:
2925:
2831:
2192:
511:
489:
After the fall of the Kakatiyas, their empire was annexed by the Delhi Sultanate. Ulugh Khan (also known as
1915:
1849:
956:
1304:
3244:
3229:
2995:
2453:
1975:
1950:
1910:
240:
581:
3224:
1945:
1090:
subordinate of the Musunuri Nayakas, while M. Rama Rao states that they bore no relation to each other.
948:
574:
529:
245:
3409:
3035:
2955:
2935:
2779:
2764:
2537:
2484:
1965:
1940:
1935:
1905:
1055:
895:
for assistance in evicting the Sultanate from Warangal. After consideration, assistance was offered.
202:
1776:
Nelaturi, Venkataramanyya; Mallampalli, Somasekhara Sarma (1959), "Vilasa Grant of Prolaya Nayaka",
955:, a two part treatise on the essence of Vedas that was written for the Endowments Department of the
3429:
3424:
1970:
1960:
1502:
1500:
996:
built by the Sultans in Warangal and adopted the Persianised title "Sultan of the Andhra country" (
3317:
2872:
2799:
2708:
2585:
2212:
1897:
1842:
1497:
1482:
3337:
2814:
2789:
2232:
2222:
2147:
1025:
970:
1718:
3269:
3093:
3005:
2980:
2892:
2857:
2821:
2625:
2605:
2565:
2227:
367:
292:
1771:(in Telugu) (3rd ed.), Annavaram: Sri Veera Venkata Satyanarayana Swamivari Devasthanam
3211:
3161:
3040:
2975:
2836:
2804:
2784:
2774:
2058:
2034:
1864:
1665:
1060:
494:
490:
206:
992:
Despite his supposed opposition to the Dehlavi Sultans, Kapaya Nayaka continued using the
8:
3075:
3065:
3045:
3030:
3015:
2985:
2965:
2930:
2867:
2630:
2560:
2207:
2117:
2050:
1994:
1050:
973:, the outcome was that his fellow rebel turned on him. Several military engagements with
943:
474:
347:
287:
3060:
3025:
2960:
2897:
2852:
2701:
2590:
2545:
2142:
2127:
2122:
2066:
1754:
1695:
810:
559:
272:
2723:
1766:
1707:
959:. These details matches with near accuracy with mentions in Indian Epigraphic reports.
3070:
3055:
3050:
3010:
2915:
2887:
2769:
2620:
2580:
2217:
2197:
2162:
2137:
1797:
1777:
1724:
1654:
1640:
1620:
1600:
1268:
1238:
1045:
974:
933:
892:
878:
443:
362:
302:
167:
3332:
3118:
2970:
2945:
2940:
2877:
2862:
2595:
2570:
2202:
2187:
2177:
2172:
2167:
2132:
1746:
1070:
1040:
1030:
1009:
986:
813:
of the Panta Reddi clan, who seems to have established his own independent rule in
451:
342:
337:
327:
126:
1663:
1506:
3020:
3000:
2809:
2610:
2600:
2575:
2550:
2237:
2157:
2042:
2002:
1920:
1819:
1614:
1262:
1232:
1005:
547:
435:
372:
357:
322:
297:
277:
153:
140:
2990:
2794:
2555:
2408:
2293:
2152:
2089:
1955:
1877:
1459:
989:, the latter of whom killed him in battle at Bhimavaram near Warangal in 1368.
937:
925:
888:
671:
633:
525:
431:
282:
224:
928:
characterizes it as a 'national revolt' backed up by a regular army. Governor
3393:
2826:
2438:
2353:
2260:
1925:
1117:
1104:
1035:
982:
870:
833:
800:
614:
470:
352:
307:
220:
3378:
3312:
3196:
2684:
2443:
2368:
2182:
2084:
1512:
1447:
929:
804:
728:
498:
463:
1829:
A history of South India from prehistoric times to the fall of Vijayanagar
3181:
2398:
2358:
2094:
998:
818:
796:
690:
541:
515:
423:
377:
1699:
1012:
of Warangal, made during the Delhi rule, as part of a treaty agreement.
3176:
3171:
2433:
2403:
2288:
2255:
1758:
1231:
Rao, B. S. L. Hanumantha; India), Telugu University (Hyderabad (1995).
993:
829:
709:
521:
312:
3327:
3151:
2749:
2735:
2413:
2393:
2388:
2283:
2026:
2010:
1888:
1709:
History of the Reddi Kingdoms (Circa. 1325 A.D., to circa. 144B A.D.)
1342:
1340:
1264:
Economic and social conditions of Āndhra Deśa, A.D. 1000 to 1323 A.D.
1099:
Bhimavaram is now known as "Bhimaram". It is a suburb of Warangal at
537:
427:
228:
1750:
1202:
1200:
981:(near modern Hyderabad). His weakened position was exploited by the
3322:
3307:
3201:
3191:
3186:
3156:
2423:
2343:
2333:
2323:
2318:
2298:
978:
905:
884:
747:
469:
Some Andhra historians state that Musunuri Nayakas belonged to the
439:
1779:
Epigraphia Indica and Record of the Archaeological Survey of India
1364:
1337:
466:, around 1330. Prolaya Nayaka was son of Musunuri Pochaya Nayaka.
3166:
2373:
2363:
2348:
2018:
1197:
814:
652:
533:
497:. A former Kakatiya commander, Nagaya Ganna Vibhudu, now renamed
3085:
2418:
2383:
2378:
2338:
2328:
2308:
1536:
795:
Prolaya Nayaka ruled from Rekapalle located at the edge of the
484:
267:
1381:
1379:
1249:
The Nayakas of Musunuru who are said to have been Kammas . . .
887:
narrates that, around this time, Kapaya Nayaka approached the
2313:
2278:
1352:
1187:
1185:
850:
317:
214:
1668:, in R. C. Majumdar; A. D. Pusalker; A. K. Majumdar (eds.),
1632:
1518:
1465:
1453:
2428:
1376:
1148:
1146:
936:
and divested it of its outlying territories, in particular
1572:
1182:
3420:
States and territories disestablished in the 14th century
1672:(Second ed.), Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan, pp. 61–89
1548:
1507:
Majumdar, The Delhi Sultanate—Muhammad Bin Tughluq (1967)
1313:
1597:
Representing the Other? Sanskrit Sources and the Muslims
1143:
1686:
Rama Rao, M. (1947), "The Fall of Warangal and After",
1524:
3415:
States and territories established in the 13th century
1325:
446:
and he was defeated along with the Vijayanagar in the
1636:
The Delhi Sultanate: A Political and Military History
1411:
1234:
Socio-cultural history of ancient and medieval Andhra
1170:
1306:
The Early Muslim expansion in South India)(Hyderabad
1212:
1158:
947:
The family tree of Musunuri Nayakas as mentioned in
1831:, K. A. Nilakanta Sastri, Oxford Univ. Press, 1955.
1775:
1560:
1346:
1284:
1206:
1705:
1542:
1487:Journal of the Andhra Historical Research Society
1480:
1429:
1370:
1302:
3391:
2652:List of urban agglomerations in Andhra Pradesh
2647:List of cities in Andhra Pradesh by population
1619:, Cambridge University Press, pp. 15–16,
1594:
1405:
832:, in which he bemoaned the devastation of the
426:who were briefly significant in the region of
2709:
1850:
399:
2662:List of urban local bodies in Andhra Pradesh
1793:Musunuri Nayaks: Saga of National Resurgence
1004:). In 1361, he gifted to the Bahmani Sultan
552:
485:Opposition to the Delhi Sultanate's invasion
2657:List of revenue divisions in Andhra Pradesh
1736:
1476:
1474:
1319:
2716:
2702:
1857:
1843:
1688:Proceedings of the Indian History Congress
442:. But his rise was soon challenged by the
406:
392:
3364:List of urban agglomerations in Telangana
3359:List of cities in Telangana by population
1789:
1652:
1616:A Social History of the Deccan: 1300–1761
1358:
1230:
1218:
1764:
1685:
1530:
1471:
1441:
1385:
1191:
942:
849:
481:(i.e. Lord Siva) to protect the Dharma.
3374:List of urban local bodies in Telangana
1706:Somasekhara Sarma, Mallampalli (1946),
1267:Bharatiay Kala Prakashan. p. 162.
1260:
3392:
3099:Rachakonda-Bhuvanagiri, Hyderabad East
1782:, vol. 32, Dept. of Archaeology,
1716:
1676:
1578:
1554:
1417:
1397:
1290:
1164:
1152:
824:In 1330, Prolaya Nayaka published the
16:Medieval ruling dynasty in South India
2697:
1838:
1612:
1566:
1401:
1331:
1296:
1176:
869:of Anithalli, a female member of the
558:), currently in Ainavilli Mandal of
422:were a ruling family of 14th-century
1817:
1679:History of the Andhras up to 1565 AD
1481:Somasekhara Sarma, M. (April 1931),
1309:. University of Madras. p. 188.
3354:List of cities in Telangana by area
1765:Uppuluri, Ganapathi Sastry (2000),
1656:Madras District Gazetters: Godavari
1519:Jackson, The Delhi Sultanate (2003)
1466:Jackson, The Delhi Sultanate (2003)
1454:Jackson, The Delhi Sultanate (2003)
1261:Pramila, Kasturi (1 January 2002).
13:
1811:
1237:. Telugu University. p. 157.
520:, a village near the ancient town
14:
3441:
2667:List of mandals of Andhra Pradesh
1347:Nelaturi & Mallampalli (1959)
1207:Nelaturi & Mallampalli (1959)
565:
2725:
2678:
1866:
1824:, Andhra Pradesh Sahitya Akademi
1790:Polumetla, Ananda Kumar (2024),
840:
765:
753:
746:
734:
727:
715:
708:
696:
689:
677:
670:
658:
651:
639:
632:
620:
613:
601:
587:
580:
573:
454:wrested power from him in 1368.
213:
172:
158:
133:
119:
1587:
1435:
1423:
1391:
1093:
1083:
860:
504:
3369:List of districts in Telangana
1784:Archaeological Survey of India
1639:, Cambridge University Press,
1595:Chattopadhyaya, B. D. (1998),
1303:Venkata Ramanayya, N. (1942).
1254:
1224:
540:region nearby a village named
1:
1137:
913:
512:Mallampalli Somasekhara Sarma
75:
31:
2143:Dr. B. R. Ambedkar Konaseema
1712:, Waltair: Andhra University
957:Government of Andhra Pradesh
845:
828:, a copper-plate grant near
7:
2203:Sri Potti Sriramulu Nellore
1723:, Oxford University Press,
1019:
999:
542:
516:
10:
3446:
2898:Asaf Jahi dynasty (Nizams)
1613:Eaton, Richard M. (2005),
949:Vuppuluri Ganapathi Sastry
785:Musunuri Nayakas locations
457:
3405:Indian military personnel
3346:
3268:
3210:
3142:
3084:
2906:
2845:
2757:
2742:
2675:
2639:
2536:
2483:
2452:
2269:
2246:
2103:
2075:
1984:
1896:
1884:
1818:Devi, V. Yashoda (1975),
1677:Prasad, J. Durga (1988),
1653:Hemingway, F. R. (1915),
1320:Wagoner & Rice (2001)
1056:History of Andhra Pradesh
553:
98:
94:
84:
69:
65:
57:
49:
41:
30:
23:
3104:Cyberabad-Hyderabad West
1717:Talbot, Cynthia (2001),
1664:Majumdar, R. C. (1967),
1543:Somasekhara Sarma (1946)
1430:Somasekhara Sarma (1946)
1371:Somasekhara Sarma (1946)
1076:
1071:List of Nayaka dynasties
479:Lord Visweswara of Kashi
3400:Indian military leaders
2951:Jayashankar Bhupalpally
2586:Western Chalukya Empire
1796:, Motilal Banarsidass,
1633:Jackson, Peter (2003),
1066:List of Reddy dynasties
963:
448:Bahmani–Vijayanagar War
3270:Municipal corporations
2921:Komaram Bheem Asifabad
1666:"Muhammad Bin Tughluq"
1659:, Government of Madras
1599:, New Delhi: Manohar,
1026:Musunuri Vinayaka Deva
960:
922:
855:
854:Musunuri Kapaya Nayaka
86:• Disestablished
2626:Sultanate of Golconda
2606:Eastern Ganga dynasty
2566:Vishnukundina dynasty
2113:Alluri Sitharama Raju
1406:Chattopadhyaya (1998)
946:
897:
853:
368:Sultanate of Golconda
2926:Bhadradri Kothagudem
2523:Wildlife sanctuaries
2193:Parvathipuram Manyam
2035:Rose-ringed parakeet
1581:, pp. 177, 178.
1361:, pp. 4, 66–67.
1061:History of Telangana
971:Alauddin Bahman Shah
495:Muhammad bin Tughluq
491:Muhammad bin Tughluq
255:History and Kingdoms
2631:Vijayanagara Empire
2561:Salankayana dynasty
1995:Maa Telugu Thalliki
1821:After the Kākatīyas
1670:The Delhi Sultanate
1557:, pp. 168–172.
1388:, pp. 296–297.
1194:, pp. 295–296.
1155:, pp. 177–182.
1118:18.0324°N 79.5396°E
1114: /
1051:Vijayanagara Empire
983:Reddis of Kondavidu
799:hills (part of the
475:Vijayanagara Empire
348:Vijayanagara Empire
71:• Established
3338:Meerpet–Jillelguda
2996:Medchal-Malkajgiri
2591:Rashtrakuta Empire
2546:Satavahana dynasty
2059:Banginapalli Mango
1681:, P. G. Publishers
1468:, p. 268–269.
1404:, pp. 26–27;
961:
856:
811:Prolaya Vema Reddi
562:, Andhra Pradesh.
560:Konaseema district
219:Chronology of the
3387:
3386:
3094:Hyderabad central
2873:Western Chalukyas
2691:
2690:
2581:Eastern Chalukyas
1768:Vedasāraratnāvaḷi
1730:978-0-19803-123-9
1646:978-0-521-54329-3
1626:978-0-52125-484-7
1373:, pp. 76–77.
1334:, pp. 26–27.
1179:, pp. 26–28.
1046:Bahmani Sultanate
953:Vedasāraratnāvaḷi
934:Madurai Sultanate
910:Tarikh-i-farishti
893:Veera Ballala III
867:Kaluvacheru grant
791:According to the
530:Government museum
444:Bahmani Sultanate
416:
415:
363:Bahmani Sultanate
303:Eastern Chalukyas
246:Political history
188:
187:
184:
183:
180:
179:
168:Bahmani Sultanate
146:
145:
3437:
3410:Kakatiya dynasty
3333:Bandlaguda Jagir
3086:Commissionerates
3036:Rajanna Sircilla
2956:Jogulamba Gadwal
2883:Musunuri Nayakas
2730:
2729:
2728:
2718:
2711:
2704:
2695:
2694:
2685:India portal
2683:
2682:
2681:
2616:Musunuri Nayakas
2596:Kakatiya dynasty
2571:Chalukya dynasty
1871:
1870:
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1859:
1852:
1845:
1836:
1835:
1825:
1806:
1786:
1772:
1761:
1733:
1713:
1702:
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1649:
1629:
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1582:
1576:
1570:
1564:
1558:
1552:
1546:
1540:
1534:
1528:
1522:
1516:
1510:
1504:
1495:
1494:
1478:
1469:
1463:
1457:
1451:
1445:
1439:
1433:
1427:
1421:
1415:
1409:
1408:, pp. 57–59
1395:
1389:
1383:
1374:
1368:
1362:
1359:Hemingway (1915)
1356:
1350:
1344:
1335:
1329:
1323:
1317:
1311:
1310:
1300:
1294:
1288:
1282:
1281:
1258:
1252:
1251:
1228:
1222:
1219:Polumetla (2024)
1216:
1210:
1204:
1195:
1189:
1180:
1174:
1168:
1162:
1156:
1150:
1131:
1129:
1128:
1126:
1125:
1124:
1123:18.0324; 79.5396
1119:
1115:
1112:
1111:
1110:
1107:
1097:
1091:
1087:
1041:Turquoise Throne
1031:Recherla Nayakas
1010:Turquoise throne
1002:
1000:Āndhra Suratrāṇa
987:Recherla Nayakas
920:
918:
915:
864:
862:
780:
774:
769:
768:
762:
757:
756:
750:
743:
738:
737:
731:
724:
719:
718:
712:
705:
700:
699:
693:
686:
681:
680:
674:
667:
662:
661:
655:
648:
643:
642:
636:
629:
624:
623:
617:
610:
605:
604:
598:
591:
590:
584:
577:
556:
555:
545:
519:
452:Recherla Nayakas
420:Musunuri Nayakas
408:
401:
394:
343:Pemmasani Nayaks
328:Kakatiya dynasty
217:
190:
189:
176:
175:
162:
161:
150:
149:
137:
136:
127:Kakatiya dynasty
123:
122:
116:
115:
100:
99:
80:
77:
36:
33:
25:Musunuri dynasty
21:
20:
3445:
3444:
3440:
3439:
3438:
3436:
3435:
3434:
3430:Telugu monarchs
3425:Nayak dynasties
3390:
3389:
3388:
3383:
3342:
3264:
3206:
3138:
3080:
2902:
2841:
2810:Telugu language
2753:
2738:
2726:
2724:
2722:
2692:
2687:
2679:
2677:
2671:
2635:
2611:Gajapati Empire
2601:Velanati Chodas
2576:Pallava dynasty
2551:Andhra Ikshvaku
2532:
2479:
2448:
2265:
2242:
2099:
2071:
2043:Great Snakehead
1980:
1892:
1880:
1867:
1865:
1863:
1814:
1812:Further reading
1809:
1804:
1751:10.2307/3249963
1731:
1647:
1627:
1607:
1590:
1585:
1577:
1573:
1565:
1561:
1553:
1549:
1541:
1537:
1533:, pp. 8–9.
1531:Uppuluri (2000)
1529:
1525:
1517:
1513:
1505:
1498:
1483:"Kapaya Nayaka"
1479:
1472:
1464:
1460:
1452:
1448:
1442:Rama Rao (1947)
1440:
1436:
1428:
1424:
1416:
1412:
1400:, p. 178;
1396:
1392:
1386:Rama Rao (1947)
1384:
1377:
1369:
1365:
1357:
1353:
1345:
1338:
1330:
1326:
1318:
1314:
1301:
1297:
1289:
1285:
1275:
1259:
1255:
1245:
1229:
1225:
1217:
1213:
1205:
1198:
1192:Rama Rao (1947)
1190:
1183:
1175:
1171:
1163:
1159:
1151:
1144:
1140:
1135:
1134:
1122:
1120:
1116:
1113:
1108:
1105:
1103:
1101:
1100:
1098:
1094:
1088:
1084:
1079:
1022:
1006:Mohammed Shah I
966:
921:
916:
904:
859:
858:Kapaya Nayaka (
848:
843:
789:
788:
787:
786:
782:
781:
777:
775:
772:
770:
766:
763:
760:
758:
754:
751:
744:
741:
739:
735:
732:
725:
722:
720:
716:
713:
706:
703:
701:
697:
694:
687:
684:
682:
678:
675:
668:
665:
663:
659:
656:
649:
646:
644:
640:
637:
630:
627:
625:
621:
618:
611:
608:
606:
602:
599:
596:
594:
592:
588:
585:
578:
568:
507:
487:
460:
436:Delhi Sultanate
412:
383:
382:
373:Hyderabad State
358:Gajapati Empire
338:Recherla Nayaks
333:Musunuri Nayaks
323:Velanati Chodas
298:Pallava dynasty
278:Andhra Ikshvaku
263:
250:
232:
173:
159:
154:Recherla Nayaks
141:Delhi Sultanate
134:
120:
87:
78:
72:
34:
26:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3443:
3433:
3432:
3427:
3422:
3417:
3412:
3407:
3402:
3385:
3384:
3382:
3381:
3376:
3371:
3366:
3361:
3356:
3350:
3348:
3344:
3343:
3341:
3340:
3335:
3330:
3325:
3320:
3315:
3310:
3305:
3300:
3295:
3290:
3285:
3280:
3274:
3272:
3266:
3265:
3263:
3262:
3257:
3252:
3250:National Parks
3247:
3242:
3237:
3232:
3227:
3222:
3216:
3214:
3208:
3207:
3205:
3204:
3199:
3194:
3189:
3184:
3179:
3174:
3169:
3164:
3159:
3154:
3148:
3146:
3140:
3139:
3137:
3136:
3131:
3126:
3121:
3116:
3111:
3106:
3101:
3096:
3090:
3088:
3082:
3081:
3079:
3078:
3073:
3068:
3063:
3058:
3053:
3048:
3043:
3038:
3033:
3028:
3023:
3018:
3013:
3008:
3003:
2998:
2993:
2988:
2983:
2978:
2973:
2968:
2963:
2958:
2953:
2948:
2943:
2938:
2933:
2928:
2923:
2918:
2912:
2910:
2904:
2903:
2901:
2900:
2895:
2890:
2885:
2880:
2875:
2870:
2865:
2860:
2858:Vishnukundinas
2855:
2849:
2847:
2843:
2842:
2840:
2839:
2834:
2829:
2824:
2819:
2818:
2817:
2807:
2802:
2797:
2792:
2787:
2782:
2777:
2772:
2767:
2761:
2759:
2755:
2754:
2743:
2740:
2739:
2721:
2720:
2713:
2706:
2698:
2689:
2688:
2676:
2673:
2672:
2670:
2669:
2664:
2659:
2654:
2649:
2643:
2641:
2637:
2636:
2634:
2633:
2628:
2623:
2618:
2613:
2608:
2603:
2598:
2593:
2588:
2583:
2578:
2573:
2568:
2563:
2558:
2556:Ananda Gotrika
2553:
2548:
2542:
2540:
2534:
2533:
2531:
2530:
2525:
2520:
2515:
2510:
2508:National parks
2505:
2500:
2495:
2489:
2487:
2481:
2480:
2478:
2477:
2472:
2467:
2464:
2458:
2456:
2450:
2449:
2447:
2446:
2441:
2436:
2431:
2426:
2421:
2416:
2411:
2409:Tadepalligudem
2406:
2401:
2396:
2391:
2386:
2381:
2376:
2371:
2366:
2361:
2356:
2351:
2346:
2341:
2336:
2331:
2326:
2321:
2316:
2311:
2306:
2301:
2296:
2294:Chilakaluripet
2291:
2286:
2281:
2275:
2273:
2267:
2266:
2264:
2263:
2258:
2252:
2250:
2244:
2243:
2241:
2240:
2235:
2230:
2225:
2220:
2215:
2213:Sri Sathya Sai
2210:
2205:
2200:
2195:
2190:
2185:
2180:
2175:
2170:
2165:
2160:
2155:
2150:
2145:
2140:
2135:
2130:
2125:
2120:
2115:
2109:
2107:
2101:
2100:
2098:
2097:
2092:
2090:Coastal Andhra
2087:
2081:
2079:
2073:
2072:
2070:
2069:
2064:
2061:
2056:
2053:
2048:
2045:
2040:
2037:
2032:
2029:
2024:
2021:
2016:
2013:
2008:
2005:
2000:
1997:
1992:
1988:
1986:
1982:
1981:
1979:
1978:
1973:
1968:
1963:
1958:
1953:
1948:
1943:
1938:
1933:
1928:
1923:
1918:
1913:
1908:
1902:
1900:
1894:
1893:
1885:
1882:
1881:
1878:Andhra Pradesh
1862:
1861:
1854:
1847:
1839:
1833:
1832:
1826:
1813:
1810:
1808:
1807:
1802:
1787:
1773:
1762:
1734:
1729:
1714:
1703:
1683:
1674:
1661:
1650:
1645:
1630:
1625:
1610:
1606:978-8173042522
1605:
1591:
1589:
1586:
1584:
1583:
1571:
1559:
1547:
1535:
1523:
1521:, p. 268.
1511:
1496:
1470:
1458:
1456:, p. 267.
1446:
1434:
1422:
1420:, p. 173.
1410:
1390:
1375:
1363:
1351:
1349:, p. 239.
1336:
1324:
1312:
1295:
1283:
1273:
1253:
1243:
1223:
1211:
1209:, p. 250.
1196:
1181:
1169:
1167:, p. 177.
1157:
1141:
1139:
1136:
1133:
1132:
1092:
1081:
1080:
1078:
1075:
1074:
1073:
1068:
1063:
1058:
1053:
1048:
1043:
1038:
1033:
1028:
1021:
1018:
965:
962:
938:Tondaimandalam
926:R. C. Majumdar
902:
847:
844:
842:
839:
834:Telugu country
784:
783:
776:
771:
764:
759:
752:
745:
740:
733:
726:
721:
714:
707:
702:
695:
688:
683:
676:
669:
664:
657:
650:
645:
638:
631:
626:
619:
612:
607:
600:
593:
586:
579:
572:
571:
570:
569:
567:
566:Prolaya Nayaka
564:
526:Andhra Pradesh
506:
503:
486:
483:
459:
456:
432:Andhra Pradesh
414:
413:
411:
410:
403:
396:
388:
385:
384:
381:
380:
375:
370:
365:
360:
355:
350:
345:
340:
335:
330:
325:
320:
315:
310:
305:
300:
295:
293:Vishnukundinas
290:
285:
283:Ananda Gotrika
280:
275:
270:
264:
261:
260:
257:
256:
252:
251:
249:
248:
243:
237:
234:
233:
225:Andhra Pradesh
218:
210:
209:
203:Andhra Pradesh
199:
198:
186:
185:
182:
181:
178:
177:
170:
164:
163:
156:
147:
144:
143:
138:
130:
129:
124:
112:
111:
106:
96:
95:
92:
91:
88:
85:
82:
81:
73:
70:
67:
66:
63:
62:
59:
55:
54:
51:
47:
46:
43:
39:
38:
28:
27:
24:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3442:
3431:
3428:
3426:
3423:
3421:
3418:
3416:
3413:
3411:
3408:
3406:
3403:
3401:
3398:
3397:
3395:
3380:
3377:
3375:
3372:
3370:
3367:
3365:
3362:
3360:
3357:
3355:
3352:
3351:
3349:
3347:Related lists
3345:
3339:
3336:
3334:
3331:
3329:
3326:
3324:
3321:
3319:
3316:
3314:
3311:
3309:
3306:
3304:
3301:
3299:
3296:
3294:
3291:
3289:
3286:
3284:
3281:
3279:
3276:
3275:
3273:
3271:
3267:
3261:
3258:
3256:
3253:
3251:
3248:
3246:
3243:
3241:
3238:
3236:
3233:
3231:
3228:
3226:
3223:
3221:
3218:
3217:
3215:
3213:
3209:
3203:
3200:
3198:
3195:
3193:
3190:
3188:
3185:
3183:
3180:
3178:
3175:
3173:
3170:
3168:
3165:
3163:
3160:
3158:
3155:
3153:
3150:
3149:
3147:
3145:
3141:
3135:
3132:
3130:
3127:
3125:
3122:
3120:
3117:
3115:
3112:
3110:
3107:
3105:
3102:
3100:
3097:
3095:
3092:
3091:
3089:
3087:
3083:
3077:
3076:Y.Bhuvanagiri
3074:
3072:
3069:
3067:
3064:
3062:
3059:
3057:
3054:
3052:
3049:
3047:
3044:
3042:
3039:
3037:
3034:
3032:
3029:
3027:
3024:
3022:
3019:
3017:
3014:
3012:
3009:
3007:
3004:
3002:
2999:
2997:
2994:
2992:
2989:
2987:
2984:
2982:
2979:
2977:
2974:
2972:
2969:
2967:
2964:
2962:
2959:
2957:
2954:
2952:
2949:
2947:
2944:
2942:
2939:
2937:
2934:
2932:
2929:
2927:
2924:
2922:
2919:
2917:
2914:
2913:
2911:
2909:
2905:
2899:
2896:
2894:
2891:
2889:
2886:
2884:
2881:
2879:
2876:
2874:
2871:
2869:
2866:
2864:
2861:
2859:
2856:
2854:
2851:
2850:
2848:
2844:
2838:
2835:
2833:
2830:
2828:
2825:
2823:
2820:
2816:
2813:
2812:
2811:
2808:
2806:
2803:
2801:
2798:
2796:
2793:
2791:
2788:
2786:
2783:
2781:
2778:
2776:
2773:
2771:
2768:
2766:
2763:
2762:
2760:
2756:
2752:
2751:
2746:
2741:
2737:
2733:
2719:
2714:
2712:
2707:
2705:
2700:
2699:
2696:
2686:
2674:
2668:
2665:
2663:
2660:
2658:
2655:
2653:
2650:
2648:
2645:
2644:
2642:
2640:Related lists
2638:
2632:
2629:
2627:
2624:
2622:
2619:
2617:
2614:
2612:
2609:
2607:
2604:
2602:
2599:
2597:
2594:
2592:
2589:
2587:
2584:
2582:
2579:
2577:
2574:
2572:
2569:
2567:
2564:
2562:
2559:
2557:
2554:
2552:
2549:
2547:
2544:
2543:
2541:
2539:
2535:
2529:
2526:
2524:
2521:
2519:
2516:
2514:
2513:Hindu temples
2511:
2509:
2506:
2504:
2501:
2499:
2496:
2494:
2491:
2490:
2488:
2486:
2482:
2476:
2473:
2471:
2468:
2465:
2463:
2460:
2459:
2457:
2455:
2451:
2445:
2442:
2440:
2439:Visakhapatnam
2437:
2435:
2432:
2430:
2427:
2425:
2422:
2420:
2417:
2415:
2412:
2410:
2407:
2405:
2402:
2400:
2397:
2395:
2392:
2390:
2387:
2385:
2382:
2380:
2377:
2375:
2372:
2370:
2367:
2365:
2362:
2360:
2357:
2355:
2354:Machilipatnam
2352:
2350:
2347:
2345:
2342:
2340:
2337:
2335:
2332:
2330:
2327:
2325:
2322:
2320:
2317:
2315:
2312:
2310:
2307:
2305:
2302:
2300:
2297:
2295:
2292:
2290:
2287:
2285:
2282:
2280:
2277:
2276:
2274:
2272:
2268:
2262:
2261:Visakhapatnam
2259:
2257:
2254:
2253:
2251:
2249:
2245:
2239:
2236:
2234:
2233:West Godavari
2231:
2229:
2226:
2224:
2223:Visakhapatnam
2221:
2219:
2216:
2214:
2211:
2209:
2206:
2204:
2201:
2199:
2196:
2194:
2191:
2189:
2186:
2184:
2181:
2179:
2176:
2174:
2171:
2169:
2166:
2164:
2161:
2159:
2156:
2154:
2151:
2149:
2148:East Godavari
2146:
2144:
2141:
2139:
2136:
2134:
2131:
2129:
2126:
2124:
2121:
2119:
2116:
2114:
2111:
2110:
2108:
2106:
2102:
2096:
2093:
2091:
2088:
2086:
2083:
2082:
2080:
2078:
2074:
2068:
2065:
2062:
2060:
2057:
2054:
2052:
2049:
2046:
2044:
2041:
2038:
2036:
2033:
2030:
2028:
2025:
2022:
2020:
2017:
2014:
2012:
2009:
2006:
2004:
2001:
1998:
1996:
1993:
1990:
1989:
1987:
1983:
1977:
1974:
1972:
1969:
1967:
1964:
1962:
1959:
1957:
1954:
1952:
1949:
1947:
1944:
1942:
1939:
1937:
1934:
1932:
1929:
1927:
1924:
1922:
1919:
1917:
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1745:(1): 77–117,
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1739:Artibus Asiae
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1579:Talbot (2001)
1575:
1569:, p. 50.
1568:
1563:
1556:
1555:Prasad (1988)
1551:
1545:, p. 22.
1544:
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1333:
1328:
1322:, p. 78.
1321:
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1293:, p. 86.
1292:
1291:Talbot (2001)
1287:
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3379:India Portal
3318:Jawaharnagar
3313:Peerzadiguda
3197:Secunderabad
3144:Major cities
3006:Nagarkurnool
2981:Mahabubnagar
2882:
2815:Language day
2780:Demographics
2765:Architecture
2748:
2615:
2444:Vizianagaram
2369:Narasaraopet
2228:Vizianagaram
2085:North Andhra
1931:Demographics
1887:
1828:
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1615:
1596:
1588:Bibliography
1574:
1567:Eaton (2005)
1562:
1550:
1538:
1526:
1514:
1493:(4): 227–228
1490:
1486:
1461:
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1402:Eaton (2005)
1393:
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1332:Eaton (2005)
1327:
1315:
1305:
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1214:
1177:Eaton (2005)
1172:
1160:
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967:
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930:Malik Maqbul
923:
909:
898:
883:
875:
866:
857:
826:Vilasa grant
825:
823:
809:
805:Konda Reddis
792:
790:
723:Bhadrachalam
551:
508:
505:Vilasa grant
499:Malik Maqbul
488:
478:
468:
464:Bhadrachalam
461:
419:
417:
332:
288:Salankayanas
109:Succeeded by
108:
103:
18:
3255:Sanctuaries
3182:Mahbubnagar
3041:Ranga Reddy
3016:Narayanapet
2976:Mahabubabad
2868:Rastrakutas
2853:Satavahanas
2399:Rajahmundry
2359:Madanapalle
2304:Dharmavaram
2095:Rayalaseema
1694:: 292–297,
1121: /
917: 1600
871:Panta Reddi
819:Rajahmundry
797:Papikondalu
685:Rajahmundry
628:Godavari R.
424:South India
378:British Raj
273:Satavahanas
104:Preceded by
79: 1335
35: 1335
3394:Categories
3298:Ramagundam
3283:Karimnagar
3260:Waterfalls
3177:Ramagundam
3172:Karimnagar
3124:Ramagundam
3109:Karimnagar
3066:Wanaparthy
3046:Sangareddy
3031:Peddapalli
2986:Mancherial
2966:Karimnagar
2931:Hanamkonda
2893:Qutb Shahi
2800:Government
2528:Waterfalls
2434:Vijayawada
2404:Srikakulam
2289:Bhimavaram
2256:Vijayawada
2248:Metropolis
2208:Srikakulam
2118:Anakapalli
1916:Government
1138:References
1109:79°32′23″E
1106:18°01′57″N
994:Kush Mahal
924:Historian
830:Pithapuram
704:Pithapuram
609:Krishna R.
522:Pithapuram
313:Kota Vamsa
50:Government
3328:Badangpet
3293:Nizamabad
3278:Hyderabad
3162:Nizamabad
3152:Hyderabad
3119:Nizamabad
3061:Vikarabad
3026:Nizamabad
2961:Kamareddy
2936:Hyderabad
2908:Districts
2878:Kakatiyas
2863:Chalukyas
2846:Dynasties
2795:Geography
2790:Education
2750:Hyderabad
2736:Telangana
2454:Transport
2414:Tadipatri
2394:Proddatur
2389:Palakollu
2284:Anantapur
2128:Annamayya
2123:Anantapur
2105:Districts
2027:Blackbuck
2011:Kuchipudi
1976:Transport
1951:Education
1911:Geography
1889:Amaravati
1886:Capital:
846:Rebellion
773:Rekapalle
666:Kondavidu
538:Konaseema
517:Kandarāḍa
428:Telangana
262:Dynasties
241:Geography
229:Telangana
207:Telangana
3323:Nizampet
3308:Boduppal
3303:Warangal
3220:Churches
3202:Suryapet
3192:Adilabad
3187:Nalgonda
3157:Warangal
3134:Warangal
3129:Siddipet
3071:Warangal
3056:Suryapet
3051:Siddipet
3011:Nalgonda
2916:Adilabad
2888:Bahmanis
2822:Politics
2621:Bahmanis
2518:Churches
2475:Seaports
2470:Roadways
2466:Railways
2462:Airports
2424:Tirupati
2344:Kakinada
2334:Hindupur
2324:Guntakal
2319:Gudivada
2299:Chittoor
2218:Tirupati
2198:Prakasam
2163:Kakinada
2138:Chittoor
1999:Language
1946:Politics
1921:Language
1700:44137150
1020:See also
985:and the
979:Golconda
906:Ferishta
903:—
885:Ferishta
761:Musunuru
742:Warangal
440:Warangal
195:a series
193:Part of
53:Monarchy
45:Warangal
3288:Khammam
3240:Mosques
3235:Temples
3212:Tourism
3167:Khammam
3114:Khammam
2971:Khammam
2946:Jangaon
2941:Jagtial
2837:Tourism
2805:History
2785:Economy
2775:Culture
2770:Cuisine
2745:Capital
2538:History
2485:Tourism
2374:Nellore
2364:Nandyal
2349:Kurnool
2188:Palnadu
2178:Nandyal
2173:Kurnool
2168:Krishna
2133:Bapatla
2077:Regions
2051:Jasmine
2019:Kabaddi
1985:Symbols
1966:Tourism
1956:Cuisine
1941:Economy
1936:Culture
1906:History
1759:3249963
889:Hoysala
879:Madurai
863:
815:Addanki
647:Addanki
597:62miles
534:Chennai
458:Origins
231:history
58:History
42:Capital
3021:Nirmal
3001:Mulugu
2827:People
2758:Topics
2419:Tenali
2384:Ongole
2379:Nuzvid
2339:Kadapa
2329:Guntur
2309:Kadiri
2271:Cities
2158:Guntur
2047:Flower
2023:Animal
2003:Telugu
1971:Sports
1961:Cinema
1926:People
1898:Topics
1872:
1800:
1757:
1727:
1698:
1643:
1623:
1603:
1271:
1241:
975:Bahman
891:ruler
548:Telugu
543:Vilasa
450:. The
268:Assaka
227:, and
61:
3245:Lakes
3230:Forts
2991:Medak
2732:State
2503:Lakes
2498:Forts
2314:Eluru
2279:Adoni
2153:Eluru
2055:Fruit
2015:Sport
2007:Dance
1874:State
1755:JSTOR
1696:JSTOR
1077:Notes
595:100km
471:Kamma
438:from
318:Chagi
37:–1368
3225:Dams
2832:List
2493:Dams
2429:Tuni
2067:Neem
2063:Tree
2039:Fish
2031:Bird
1991:Song
1798:ISBN
1725:ISBN
1641:ISBN
1621:ISBN
1601:ISBN
1269:ISBN
1239:ISBN
1008:the
964:Rule
554:విలస
430:and
418:The
205:and
90:1368
2734:of
2238:YSR
2183:NTR
1876:of
1747:doi
951:'s
532:at
3396::
2747::
1753:,
1743:61
1741:,
1692:10
1690:,
1499:^
1489:,
1485:,
1473:^
1378:^
1339:^
1277:.
1247:.
1199:^
1184:^
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908:,
861:r.
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76:c.
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