1058:
671:
878:
49:
746:
1081:, and the construction of several shrines, such as those of Nodagishvara-svamin, Pushpa-bhadra-svamin, and Sarva-deva. The shrine of Sarva-deva ("all gods") was commissioned by his commander Elishri (Eliśrī) during his 11th regnal year. Six or seven versions of an inscription written in metrical Sanskrit were inscribed on its pillars. Prince Haritiputra Virapurushadatta commissioned the Pushpabhadra-savmin temple during the 14th regnal year of Ehuvala. The shrine of Nodagishvara-svamin was also built during Ehuvala's reign, and received a permanent endowment for its maintenance.
1050:
1154:
815:: Vasiṣṭhīputra Ehuvala Cāṃtamūla) also ruled for at least 24 years, and is attested by inscriptions dated to the regnal years 2, 8, 9, 11, 13, 16 and 24. The Ikshvaku kingdom reached its zenith during his reign. Several Hindu and Buddhist shrines were constructed during his reign. His Patagandigudem inscription is the oldest known
1112:
Inscriptions dated to the regnal years 6, 10, 14, 15, 18, 19, 20, and 24 of
Virapurushadatta's rule record the construction of Buddhist monuments by royal ladies and commoners. During the reign of Ehuvala Chamtamula, Mahadevi Bhattideva commissioned a monastery for the teachers of the Bhaushrutiya
736:
Khamdavishakha (IAST: Khamḍaviśāakha) of the
Dhanaka family. He was succeeded by his son Virapurushadatta. An inscription dated to the 20th regnal year of Virapurushadatta mentions Chamtamula's death, which can be interpreted in various ways. It is possible that Chamtamula lived up to this time,
765:: Māṭharīputra Vīrapuruṣadatta) ruled for at least 24 years, as he is attested by an inscription dated to his 24th regnal year. He had multiple wives, including three daughters of his paternal aunts (Chamtasri and Hammasri). He also married Rudradhara-bhattarika, the daughter of the ruler of
1057:
1084:
Buddhism also flourished in
Ikshvaku kingdom, and several princes and queens contributed to the construction of the Buddhist shrines. Chamtashri, the sister of Vasishthiputra Chamtamula, generously donated towards the construction of a
826:
The
Ikshvaku kingdom seems to have suffered multiple foreign invasions during Ehuvala's reign. The Sarvadeva temple inscription credits his commander Anikke with victories on the battlefield. The memorial pillar of his general
792:, especially through the reliefs of Scythian soldiers wearing caps and coats. According to an inscription in Nagarjunakonda, a garrison of Scythians guards employed by the Ikshvaku kings may also have been stationed there.
708:: Cāṃtaśrī) and Hammasri (IAST: Hammaśrī). Chamtasri, who married Mahatalavara Skandashri of Pukiya family (he is Commander-in-chief and a feudatory), played an important role in the construction of a Buddhist
729:(a tortoise-shaped sacrificial altar), and the skeleton of a horse. An inscription of the later Ikshvaku king Ehuvala Chamtamula states that Vasishthiputra Chamtamula won many battles with his valour.
1121:(now termed as Stupa No. 9 at Nagarjunakonda) was renovated during Ehuvala's reign. Kumara-nandin, a merchant, installed an image of Buddha with a Sanskrit inscription during the same period.
656:
A record of the
Vijayapuri king Ehuvala Chamtamula traces his ancestry to the legendary Ikshvakus. The Ikshvakus of Vijayapuri seem to be same as the "Shriparvatiya Andhras" mentioned in the
846:. However, he did not ascend the throne, probably because he died before his father. Ehuvala was succeeded by Rudrapurushadatta, who was his son from Vammabhatta, the daughter of a
978:
king Puloma IV, and assuming that the
Ikshvaku rule began immediately after that, scholar K. Krishna Murthy assigns the following dates to the kings, based on their inscriptions:
861:(the Western Kshatrapas) appear to have greatly influenced the Ikshvaku kingdom during Ehuvala's rule. Some of the inscriptions issued during this period use the Shaka title
1113:(Bhauśrutīya) Buddhist sect. Mahadevi Kodabalishri (Kodabaliśrī) commissioned a monastery for the leaders of the Mahishasaka (Mahiśāsaka) sect. Chandrashri (Candraśrī), an
725:. These descriptions are corroborated by archaeological discoveries, including those of Chamtamula's Ashvamedha-type coins, a tank used for the Avabhritha ceremony, the
500:
486:
461:
1631:"The Iksvakus Kings employed Scythian soldiers as their palace guards, and also an inscription hints that a colony of Scythians existed at Nagarjunakonda.", in
803:). He had two sons, Eli Ehavuladasa (whose mother was Yakhilinika) and Evuvala Chamtamula (whose mother was Khamduvula, and who succeeded him on the throne).
1344:
1093:"), which was built during the 6th regnal year of her son-in-law Virapurushadatta, under the supervision of Ananda. A reliquary containing the tooth of
928:
has been discovered at the ruined
Ashtabhuja-svamin temple in Nagarjunakonda. This has led to speculation that the Abhiras, who ruled the region around
1556:"A Scythian dvarapala standing wearing his typical draperies, boots and head dress. Distinct ethnic and sartorial characteristics are noreworthy.", in
893:
inscription, dated to his 4th regnal year, records a land grant to the deity
Halampura-svamin by Nodu Keshri, for the increase of Keshri's life. The
2012:
1959:
901:
573:
also flourished during their reign. Several
Ikshvaku queens and princes contributed to the construction of the Buddhist monuments at present-day
737:
having given up the throne at an earlier date; alternatively, it is possible that the inscription merely commemorates his death anniversary.
2007:
865:
for the king. An inscription to commemorate
Vammabhatta, issued during the 11th regnal year of his son Rudrapurushadatta uses this title
48:
689:
power. He is attested by the Rentala and Kesanapalli inscriptions. The Rentala inscription, dated to his 5th regnal year, calls him "
700:
No information is available about Chamtamula's parents, except that his father had multiple wives and daughters. Chamtamula had two
971:, so the exact dates of their reigns are uncertain. Historian K. R. Subramanian assigns Ikshvaku rule to approximately 225-340 CE.
1337:
1535:"In Nagarjunakonda Scythian influence is noticed and the cap and coat of a soldier on a pillar may be cited as an example.", in
1969:
1948:
1906:
1866:
1834:
1794:
897:
inscription, dated to the 11th regnal year, records the erection of a pillar to commemorate the king's mother Vammabhatta.
670:
693:
Cāṃtamūla". The 4-line Kesanapalli inscription, dated to his 13th regnal year, and inscribed on the pillar of a Buddhist
939:
had gained controlled of the former Ikshvaku territory, and the Ikshvaku rulers may have been reduced to vassal status.
2022:
1330:
1133:
877:
1927:
1885:
1101:. According to the Buddhist tradition, the relics were brought by Mahadeva, a missionary sent by the 3rd century BCE
816:
1878:
Indian Epigraphy: A Guide to the Study of Inscriptions in Sanskrit, Prakrit, and the Other Indo-Aryan Languages
781:
908:
memorial pillar inscription of the time of King Rudrapurusadatta attests to a marital alliance between the
599:
289:
834:
Hariti-putra Virapurushadatta, the son of Ehuvala and queen Kapanashri (Kapanaśrī), bore the titles of an
2002:
1179:
1184:
795:
His daughter Kodabalishri (IAST: Kodabaliśrī) married the ruler of the Vanavasa country (possibly the
1141:
1070:
718:
566:
298:
20:
988:
Vasishthi-putra Ehuvala Chamtamula (Vasiṣṭhīputra Ehuvala Cāṃtamūla), c. 274–297; also spelt Ehavala
2017:
646:
278:
184:
685:: Vāsiṣṭhīputra Cāṃtamūla; also transliterated Chantamula) rose to power after the decline of the
967:
names in bracket). The inscriptions of these kings are dated in their regnal years instead of a
1938:
1896:
1784:
745:
1917:
1824:
1306:
1231:
115:
1805:
1145:
1049:
195:
932:, invaded and occupied the Ikshvaku kingdom. However, this cannot be said with certainty.
550:) for over a century during 3rd and 4th centuries CE. The Ikshvakus are also known as the
8:
1286:
1226:
820:
717:
The records of the later Ikshvaku kings describe Chamtamula as a great performer of the
1670:
1211:
628:
466:
1965:
1944:
1923:
1902:
1881:
1862:
1830:
1811:
1790:
1301:
1241:
909:
851:
777:
1986:
1281:
1276:
1271:
1266:
1117:
performed many religious activities in favour of the Apara-mahavina-seliya sect. A
642:
555:
164:
106:
1856:
1845:
1633:
1616:
1559:
1538:
1311:
1296:
1261:
1236:
936:
732:
Chamtamula had many wives. His daughter Adavi Chamtisri (IAST: Cāṃtiśrī) married
701:
479:
416:
316:
173:
144:
135:
991:
Vasishthi-putra Rudra-purusha-datta (Vasiṣṭhīputra Rudrapuruṣadatta), c. 297-309
881:
Nagarjunakonda pillar inscription of the time of Rudra-Purushadatta (300-325 CE)
1221:
1163:
1094:
1062:
1030:
1022:
960:
925:
905:
894:
789:
754:
674:
650:
624:
574:
547:
543:
539:
493:
424:
420:
339:
249:
231:
1097:(according to a local inscription) has been discovered among the ruins of the
1996:
1826:
Buddhist Remains in Andhra and the History of Andhra Between 225 and 610 A.D.
1291:
1246:
1159:
1073:
sacrifices. Vasishthiputra Chamtamula performed the Agnishtoma, Vajapeya and
996:
959:
Four Ikshvaku rulers are known from the inscriptions and coins discovered at
835:
796:
785:
774:
750:
658:
535:
213:
153:
79:
1815:
1034:
985:
Mathari-putra Vira-purusha-datta (Māṭharīputra Vīrapuruṣadatta), c. 250-274
968:
921:
267:
1316:
1077:
sacrifices. The reign of his grandson Ehuvala Chamtamula saw the rise of
608:
593:
70:
1919:
The Idea of Ancient India: Essays on Religion, Politics, and Archaeology
1674:
1251:
1078:
1074:
975:
889:: Vasiṣṭhīputra Rudrapuruṣadatta) is attested by two inscriptions. The
722:
686:
126:
1858:
The Ikṣvākus of Vijayapuri: a study of the Nagarjunakonda inscriptions
1661:
Michael Mitchiner (1983). "The Chutus of Banavasi and their Coinage".
677:
Ayaka pillar inscription of the time of Vira-Purushadatta (250-275 CE)
1476:
1167:
1026:
950:
258:
240:
1466:
1464:
1462:
1460:
1038:
890:
800:
633:
612:
604:
570:
562:
382:
367:
363:
359:
349:
222:
204:
61:
1702:
1700:
1698:
1696:
1598:
1596:
1594:
1592:
1590:
1588:
1586:
1516:
1514:
1457:
1114:
1090:
710:
638:
615:
associate the Ikshvakus with non-Aryan people, distinct from the
587:
88:
1760:
1724:
1712:
1642:
1501:
1499:
1497:
1495:
1493:
1491:
1447:
1445:
1443:
1441:
1439:
1437:
1412:
1410:
1408:
1406:
982:
Vasishthi-putra Chamtamula (Vāsiṣṭhīputra Cāṃtamūla), c. 227-250
831:
Chamtapula, a Kulahaka chief, also alludes to battle victories.
1736:
1206:
1106:
1102:
929:
858:
766:
307:
1693:
1583:
1511:
1488:
1434:
1403:
1256:
1153:
1118:
694:
620:
616:
518:
1422:
964:
886:
812:
762:
705:
690:
682:
531:
1843:
1573:
1571:
999:
estimates the reigns of the Ikshvaku rulers as follows:
1894:
1482:
1069:
The Ikshvaku kings are known to have performed various
1399:. Chowkhamba Sanskrit Series Office, 1970. p. 21.
1384:. Chowkhamba Sanskrit Series Office, 1970. p. 18.
1568:
1367:
Proceedings of the Indian History Congress, Parts 1-2
1681:
920:
An inscription dated to the 30th regnal year of the
697:, names him as the founder of the Ikshvaku dynasty.
1782:
1748:
1635:
The Journal of the Institution of Surveyors (India)
1470:
1364:
1786:The Archaeology of Seafaring in Ancient South Asia
1822:
1803:
1766:
1742:
1730:
1706:
1660:
1648:
1602:
1520:
1505:
1451:
1416:
681:The dynasty's founder Vasishthiputra Chamtamula (
1994:
1875:
1854:
1718:
1428:
788:influence can also be noticed in the Palace of
1961:Ancient and Medieval History of Andhra Pradesh
1638:. Institution of Surveyors. 1967. p. 374.
1536:
1338:
1029:. Their inscriptions have been discovered at
330:Location of the Andhra Ikshvakus in c. 350 CE
1394:
1379:
721:sacrifices such as Agnishtoma, Vajapeya and
912:and the Iksvaku rulers of Nagarjunakonda".
627:has equated the ancient Ikshvakus with the
1618:Madhya Pradesh District Gazetteers: Ujjain
1345:
1331:
1065:, depicting the division of Buddha Relics
1021:The Ikshvakus ruled parts of present-day
1989:: includes several Ikshvaku inscriptions
1056:
1048:
974:Assuming 227 CE as the last date of the
876:
744:
669:
534:: Ikṣvāku) dynasty ruled in the eastern
1957:
1621:. Government Central Press. p. 26.
1614:
1577:
538:valley of India, from their capital at
2013:4th-century disestablishments in India
1995:
265:
256:
229:
220:
211:
193:
142:
133:
113:
104:
95:
86:
1936:
1915:
1754:
1687:
1552:
1550:
1531:
1529:
885:Vasishthi-putra Rudra-purusha-datta (
806:
734:Mahasenapati Mahatalavara Dandanayaka
305:
247:
202:
171:
162:
68:
1053:A goddess relief from Nagarjunakonda
872:
811:Vasishthi-putra Ehuvala Chamtamula (
580:
296:
287:
276:
182:
151:
124:
77:
59:
52:
2008:3rd-century establishments in India
1940:Political Violence in Ancient India
1898:Some Early Dynasties of South India
1880:. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
1844:Kandavalli Balendu Sekaram (1973).
1557:
1009:Ehuvala Chamtamula (275-297/300 CE)
740:
619:who composed the hymns of the four
314:
38:Early 3rd century–early 4th century
13:
1547:
1526:
761:Mathari-putra Vira-purusha-datta (
238:
14:
2034:
1980:
643:dynasty of Ikshvaku's descendants
603:, mention a legendary king named
1987:Early Inscriptions of Āndhradeśa
1964:. Sterling publishers pvt. ltd.
1895:Sudhakar Chattopadhyaya (1974).
1807:Nāgārjunakoṇḍā: A Cultural Study
1615:(India), Madhya Pradesh (1982).
1561:Life and Art of Early Andhradesa
1543:. Allied Publishers. p. 51.
1152:
585:Ancient Sanskrit texts, such as
498:
484:
459:
415:• Conquest of Ikshvakus by
47:
1775:
1654:
1625:
1608:
900:According to American academic
554:to distinguish them from their
16:Indian dynasty (c. 225 – c.340)
1789:. Cambridge University Press.
1388:
1373:
1358:
1012:Rudrapurushadatta (300-325 CE)
419:Simhavarman and occupation of
1:
1124:
1006:Virapurushadatta (250-275 CE)
869:for all the preceding kings.
665:
1943:. Harvard University Press.
1847:The Andhras through the ages
1829:Asian Educational Services.
1783:Himanshu Prabha Ray (2003).
1483:Sudhakar Chattopadhyaya 1974
1397:Ethnology of Ancient Bhārata
1382:Ethnology of Ancient Bhārata
1041:, Rentala, and Uppugunduru.
1016:
953:of the Ikshvaku inscriptions
935:By the mid-4th century, the
600:Jaiminiya Upanishad Brahmana
7:
1922:. SAGE Publications India.
1044:
771:Uj(e)nika mahara(ja) balika
631:. Later texts, such as the
10:
2039:
1823:K. R. Subramanian (1989).
1804:K. Krishna Murthy (1977).
1537:Sivaramamurti, C. (1961).
915:
607:(literally, "gourd"). The
18:
2023:History of Andhra Pradesh
1365:Indian History Congress.
942:
926:Vashishthi-putra Vasusena
514:
438:
434:
413:
403:
399:
391:
381:
373:
355:
345:
335:
42:
37:
30:
21:Ikshvaku (disambiguation)
1876:Richard Salomon (1998).
1861:. Eastern Book Linkers.
1855:Kotra Raghunath (2001).
1663:The Numismatic Chronicle
1471:Himanshu Prabha Ray 2003
561:The Ikshvaku kings were
1937:Singh, Upinder (2017).
1916:Singh, Upinder (2016).
1901:. Motilal Banarsidass.
1109:to propagate Buddhism.
1003:Chamtamula (210-250 CE)
552:Ikshvakus of Vijayapuri
346:Official languages
1767:K. Krishna Murthy 1977
1743:K. R. Subramanian 1989
1731:K. Krishna Murthy 1977
1707:K. Krishna Murthy 1977
1649:K. Krishna Murthy 1977
1603:K. Krishna Murthy 1977
1521:K. Krishna Murthy 1977
1506:K. Krishna Murthy 1977
1452:K. Krishna Murthy 1977
1417:K. Krishna Murthy 1977
1066:
1054:
882:
758:
678:
1307:Sultanate of Golconda
1060:
1052:
880:
748:
673:
649:, the capital of the
1719:Richard Salomon 1998
1564:. Agam. p. 249.
1429:Kotra Raghunath 2001
1194:History and Kingdoms
817:copper-plate charter
19:For other uses, see
1558:Ray, Amita (1982).
1287:Vijayanagara Empire
821:Indian subcontinent
704:, named Chamtasri (
653:in northern India.
556:legendary namesakes
405:• Established
32:Ikshvakus of Andhra
2003:Dynasties of India
1395:Ram Chandra Jain.
1380:Ram Chandra Jain.
1158:Chronology of the
1067:
1055:
883:
807:Ehuvala Chamtamula
759:
679:
467:Satavahana dynasty
1971:978-81-207-1522-6
1950:978-0-674-97527-9
1908:978-81-208-2941-1
1868:978-81-7854-005-4
1836:978-81-206-0444-5
1796:978-0-521-01109-9
1721:, pp. 93–94.
1369:. pp. 32–33.
1355:
1354:
1302:Bahmani Sultanate
1242:Eastern Chalukyas
1185:Political history
1061:A sculpture from
910:Western Ksatrapas
873:Rudrapurushadatta
852:Western Kshatrapa
778:Western Kshatrapa
581:Political history
524:
523:
510:
509:
506:
505:
472:
471:
430:early 4th century
409:Early 3rd century
2030:
1975:
1958:P.R.Rao (1993).
1954:
1933:
1912:
1891:
1872:
1851:
1850:. Sri Saraswati.
1840:
1819:
1800:
1770:
1764:
1758:
1752:
1746:
1740:
1734:
1728:
1722:
1716:
1710:
1704:
1691:
1685:
1679:
1678:
1658:
1652:
1646:
1640:
1639:
1629:
1623:
1622:
1612:
1606:
1600:
1581:
1575:
1566:
1565:
1554:
1545:
1544:
1540:Indian Sculpture
1533:
1524:
1518:
1509:
1503:
1486:
1480:
1474:
1468:
1455:
1449:
1432:
1426:
1420:
1414:
1401:
1400:
1392:
1386:
1385:
1377:
1371:
1370:
1362:
1347:
1340:
1333:
1282:Pemmasani Nayaks
1267:Kakatiya dynasty
1156:
1129:
1128:
1037:, Kottampalugu,
799:ruler of modern
773:), possibly the
741:Virapurushadatta
702:uterine brothers
502:
501:
488:
487:
476:
475:
463:
462:
456:
455:
440:
439:
323:
321:
312:
310:
303:
301:
294:
292:
285:
283:
274:
272:
263:
261:
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245:
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236:
234:
227:
225:
218:
216:
209:
207:
200:
198:
191:
189:
180:
178:
169:
167:
160:
158:
149:
147:
140:
138:
131:
129:
122:
120:
111:
109:
102:
100:
99:ANDHRA IKSHVAKUS
93:
91:
84:
82:
75:
73:
66:
64:
57:
51:
28:
27:
2038:
2037:
2033:
2032:
2031:
2029:
2028:
2027:
2018:Hindu dynasties
1993:
1992:
1983:
1978:
1972:
1951:
1930:
1909:
1888:
1869:
1837:
1797:
1778:
1773:
1769:, pp. 4–5.
1765:
1761:
1753:
1749:
1741:
1737:
1733:, pp. 8–9.
1729:
1725:
1717:
1713:
1705:
1694:
1686:
1682:
1659:
1655:
1651:, pp. 5–6.
1647:
1643:
1632:
1630:
1626:
1613:
1609:
1601:
1584:
1576:
1569:
1555:
1548:
1534:
1527:
1519:
1512:
1504:
1489:
1481:
1477:
1469:
1458:
1450:
1435:
1427:
1423:
1415:
1404:
1393:
1389:
1378:
1374:
1363:
1359:
1351:
1322:
1321:
1312:Hyderabad State
1297:Gajapati Empire
1277:Recherla Nayaks
1272:Musunuri Nayaks
1262:Velanati Chodas
1237:Pallava dynasty
1217:Andhra Ikshvaku
1202:
1189:
1171:
1127:
1047:
1019:
957:
956:
955:
954:
945:
918:
902:Richard Salomon
875:
840:Maharaja Kumara
809:
743:
668:
583:
528:Andhra Ikshvaku
499:
485:
460:
427:
406:
331:
328:
327:
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325:
324:
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317:
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308:
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2015:
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1991:
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1981:External links
1979:
1977:
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641:, connect the
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565:and performed
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544:Nagarjunakonda
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29:
26:
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1960:
1939:
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1857:
1846:
1825:
1806:
1785:
1776:Bibliography
1762:
1750:
1738:
1726:
1714:
1709:, p. 7.
1683:
1666:
1662:
1656:
1644:
1634:
1627:
1617:
1610:
1605:, p. 6.
1578:P.R.Rao 1993
1560:
1539:
1523:, p. 8.
1508:, p. 5.
1478:
1454:, p. 4.
1431:, p. 4.
1424:
1419:, p. 3.
1396:
1390:
1381:
1375:
1366:
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1227:Salankayanas
1216:
1111:
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1035:Jaggayyapeta
1020:
994:
973:
969:calendar era
958:
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862:
856:
847:
844:Mahasenapati
843:
839:
833:
829:Mahasenapati
828:
825:
810:
794:
782:Rudrasena II
770:
760:
757:Palace site.
733:
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709:
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680:
657:
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632:
598:
592:
586:
584:
560:
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527:
525:
449:Succeeded by
448:
443:
97:
25:
1810:. Concept.
1317:British Raj
1212:Satavahanas
1099:mahachaitya
1087:mahachaitya
753:" soldier,
727:kurma-chiti
711:mahachaitya
609:Atharvaveda
594:Atharvaveda
569:rites, but
444:Preceded by
72:ARJUNAYANAS
1997:Categories
1755:Singh 2016
1688:Singh 2017
1252:Kota Vamsa
1125:References
1079:Brahmanism
1075:Ashvamedha
995:Historian
976:Satavahana
951:Find spots
723:Ashvamedha
687:Satavahana
666:Chamtamula
629:Dravidians
540:Vijayapuri
421:Vijayapuri
374:Government
340:Vijayapuri
128:TOCHARIANS
54:South Asia
1201:Dynasties
1180:Geography
1168:Telangana
1146:Telangana
1027:Telangana
1017:Territory
819:from the
613:Brahmanas
563:Shaivites
356:Religion
282:SASANIANS
260:VAKATAKAS
242:KIDARITES
224:SAMATATAS
166:LICCHAVIS
108:KALABHRAS
63:YAUDHEYAS
1675:42665170
1134:a series
1132:Part of
1089:("great
1045:Religion
1039:Gurazala
937:Pallavas
891:Gurazala
854:ruler).
801:Banavasi
786:Scythian
751:Scythian
637:and the
634:Ramayana
605:Ikshvaku
571:Buddhism
542:(modern
383:Maharaja
377:Monarchy
368:Buddhism
364:Hinduism
360:Shaivism
350:Sanskrit
318:SASANIAN
291:SAKASTAN
280:KUSHANO-
206:KAMARUPA
186:SASANIAN
146:PALLAVAS
137:KADAMBAS
81:MADRAKAS
1816:4541213
1669:: 101.
1170:history
1115:upasika
1105:empire
1103:Mauryan
1091:chaitya
916:Decline
647:Ayodhya
639:Puranas
588:Rigveda
425:Abhiras
423:by the
417:Pallava
392:History
336:Capital
251:ABHIRAS
177:SATRAPS
175:WESTERN
157:KUSHANS
117:WESTERN
90:MALAVAS
1968:
1947:
1926:
1905:
1884:
1865:
1833:
1814:
1793:
1673:
1207:Assaka
1166:, and
1107:Ashoka
943:Rulers
930:Nashik
922:Abhira
867:svamin
863:svamin
859:Shakas
767:Ujjain
617:Aryans
597:, and
395:
387:
320:EMPIRE
309:MAKRAN
271:EMPIRE
233:DAVAKA
155:LITTLE
119:GANGAS
56:350 CE
1671:JSTOR
1257:Chagi
1119:stupa
1071:Vedic
924:king
850:(the
797:Chutu
780:king
719:Vedic
695:stupa
621:Vedas
567:Vedic
519:India
300:TURAN
269:GUPTA
215:GAUDA
197:NAGAS
1966:ISBN
1945:ISBN
1924:ISBN
1903:ISBN
1882:ISBN
1863:ISBN
1831:ISBN
1812:OCLC
1791:ISBN
1144:and
1025:and
965:IAST
887:IAST
857:The
842:and
813:IAST
763:IAST
706:IAST
691:Siri
683:IAST
611:and
532:IAST
526:The
188:HIND
1667:143
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645:to
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1695:^
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