2268:
lips and nose shape or hair texture, but they are aware only that their ancestors were probably
Portuguese, African or Amerindian. Also, a very large number of other Europeans (counted in the millions) contributed to the Brazilian racial make-up, Japanese (the largest Japanese population outside Japan), Italian (the largest Italian population outside Italy), Lebanese (the largest population of Lebanese outside Lebanon), Germans, Poles and Russians. A high percentage of Brazilians is also of Jewish descent, perhaps hundreds of thousands, mostly found in the northeast of the country who cannot be sure of their ancestry as they descend from the so-called "Crypto-Jews" (Jews who practiced Judaism in secret but outwardly pretended to be Catholics), also called Marranos or New Christians, often considered Portuguese. According to some sources, one third of families arrived from Portugal during colonization were of Jewish origin.
938:
1402:
1001:. An academic research paper presented in the U.S. (in 2012) by an Angeles, Pampanga, Philippines Amerasian college research study unit suggests that the number could be a lot more, possibly reaching 250,000. This is also partially due to the fact that almost all Amerasians intermarried with other Amerasians and Filipino natives. The newer Amerasians from the United States would add to the already older settlement of peoples from other countries in the Americas that happened when the Philippines was under Spanish rule, as the Philippines once received immigrants from Spanish occupied Panama, Peru, and Mexico.
1652:
2124:
1515:
1868:
3694:
1370:
3706:
2061:
47:
758:
2136:
1879:
871:, a radical thinker and educator, was of Indian and European background. Prior to colonization, the peoples of India had a long history of trade and other interaction with other peoples. More recently a Eurasian mix developed during the Colonial period, beginning with the French, Dutch, Portuguese and other European traders and merchants, including British. Such interaction continued during the
903:(formerly Burma) was a British colony from 1826 until 1948. Other European nationals were active in the country before the British arrived. Intermarriage and relationships took place among such settlers and merchants with the local Burmese population, and subsequently between British colonists and the Burmese. The local Eurasian population is known as the
842:
Austronesian ancestry, the
Malagasy of the west coast and the south of the island have predominantly Bantu ancestry, and Malagasy of the island's east coast are of roughly equal degrees Bantu and Austronesian ancestry. The average Malagasy person's genetic makeup includes a roughly equal blend of Southeast Asian and East African genes.
1284:. The 2001 census showed the population of England to be 1.4% mixed-race, compared with 2.7% in Canada and 1.4% in the U.S. (estimate from 2002), although this U.S. figure did not include mixed-race people who had a parent with African Ancestry. Both the US and UK have fewer people identifying as mixed race, however, than Canada.
891:(2) an Anglo-Indian means a person whose father or any of whose other male progenitors in the male line is or was of European descent but who is domiciled within the territory of India and is or was born within such territory of parents habitually resident therein and not established there for temporary purposes only;
1526:, the 2000 census was the first in the history of the country to offer respondents the option of identifying themselves as belonging to more than one race. This mixed-race option was considered a necessary adaptation to the demographic and cultural changes that the United States has been experiencing.
990:, the U.S. recognized the Republic of the Philippines as an independent nation. Even after 1946, the U.S. maintained a strong military presence in the Philippines, with as many as 21 U.S. military bases and 100,000 U.S. military personnel stationed there as defense in Asia and during the Vietnam War.
1173:
are an ethnic group partially descended from 16th-century
Portuguese traders and their enslaved Africans. The Kaffirs spoke a distinctive creole based on Portuguese, the Sri Lanka Kaffir language, which is now extinct. Their cultural heritage includes the dance styles Kaffringna and Manja, as well as
2967:
While miscegenation is by no means considered a neutral word today, very few people know just how laden it is. Today, 'mixed race' seems to have won out in academic writing. Results for 'biracial' and 'multiracial' combined offer up about half that. But the debate continues, inside and outside the
1770:
The Indo-Fijian population is also a hodge-podge of South Asian immigrants (called
Girmits in Fiji), who came as indentured labourers beginning in 1879. While a few of these labourers managed to bring wives, many of them either took or were given wives once they arrived in Fiji. The Girmits, who are
1935:
In Latin
America, racial mixture was officially acknowledged from colonial times. There was official nomenclature for every conceivable mixture present in the various countries. Initially, this classification was used as a type of caste system, where rights and privileges were accorded depending on
1575:
The stigma of a mixed-race heritage, associated with racial discrimination among numerous racial groups, has decreased significantly in the United States. People of mixed-race heritage can identify themselves now in the U.S. Census by any combination of races, whereas before
Americans were required
1165:
are a
Eurasian ethnic group. They are descendants through paternal lines of European colonists from the 16th to 20th centuries (mostly Portuguese, Dutch, German and British) and with maternal ancestry among local women. Other European minorities in such admixtures include Swedish, Norwegian, French
841:
Virtually all
Malagasy people are of some degree of mixed descent; however, the amount of mixture varies greatly between regions of Madagascar, despite all Malagasy people sharing a common language and similar cultural elements. The Malagasy of the central highlands of Madagascar have predominantly
2267:
Since mixed-race relations in
Brazilian society have occurred for many generations, some people find it difficult to trace their own ethnic ancestry. Today a majority of mixed-race Brazilians do not really know their ethnic ancestry. Their unique features make them Brazilian-looking in skin color,
2263:
or White
Brazilians have some Amerindian or African ancestry too despite nearly half of the country's population self-labeling as "Caucasian" in the censuses. In Brazil, mixed-race people commonly claim to have no Amerindian ancestry, but studies have found that if a mixed-race Brazilian can trace
1762:
has long been a multi-ethnic country, with a vast majority of people being mixed race even if they do not self-identify in that manner. The indigenous Fijians are of mixed Melanesian and Polynesian ancestry, resulting from years of migration of islanders from various places mixing with each other.
350:
Some percentage of people who look native European will possess genetic markers indicating that a significant majority of their recent ancestors were African. Some percentage of people who look African or native African will possess genetic markers indicating the majority of their recent ancestors
1700:
took place, unevenly at different periods of history, depending on the American region. The "Americanization" of foreign ethnic groups and the inter-racial diversity of millions of Americans has been a fundamental part of its history, especially on frontiers where different groups of people came
3494:
Martínez-Cruz, Begoña; Mendizabal, Isabel; Harmant, Christine; De Pablo, Rosario; Ioana, Mihai; Angelicheva, Dora; Kouvatsi, Anastasia; Makukh, Halyna; Netea, Mihai G.; Pamjav, Horolma; Zalán, Andrea; Tournev, Ivailo; Marushiakova, Elena; Popov, Vesselin; Bertranpetit, Jaume; Kalaydjieva, Luba;
4073:
Silva-Zolezzi, I.; Hidalgo-Miranda, A.; Estrada-Gil, J.; Fernandez-Lopez, J. C.; Uribe-Figueroa, L.; Contreras, A.; Balam-Ortiz, E.; del Bosque-Plata, L.; Velazquez Fernandez, D.; Lara, C.; Goya, R.; Hernandez-Lemus, E.; Davila, C.; Barrientos, E.; March, S.; Jimenez-Sanchez, G. (26 May 2009).
742:. Communities descended from these slaves and local peoples can be found throughout these regions. Barbary pirates were known to attack European and British ships and take Europeans into slavery as well. So many were taken, that the memoirs of survivors are considered a literary genre known as
1787:. It is easy to recognize the Indian mixtures present in Fiji and see obvious traces of Southern and Northern Indians and other groups who have been categorised together. More of this phenomenon would have likely happened if the religious groups represented (primarily Hindu, Muslim and
1538:
about race meant that African Americans, a high proportion of whom have also had European ancestry, were classified as black. Some are now reclaiming additional ancestries. Many Americans today are multi-racial without knowing it. According to the Census Bureau, as of 2002, 75% of all
2259:). All groups are more or less found throughout the whole country. Brazilian mixed-race people with three origins, Amerindian, European and African, make up the majority. It is said today that 89% or more of the "Pardo" population in Brazil has at least one Amerindian ancestor; most
2721:
Not surprisingly, biomedical scientists are divided in their opinions about race. Some characterize it as 'biologically meaningless' or 'not based on scientific evidence', whereas others advocate the use of race in making decisions about medical treatment or the design of research
606:
were used for unions between whites, blacks, and other ethnic groups. The term 'miscegenation' initially replaced 'amalgamation' due to the latter's association with slavery in the 1800s, while 'miscegenation' is today often considered offensive and controversial. The terms
2271:
There is a high level of integration between all groups but also a great social and economic difference between European descendants (more common in upper and middle classes) and African, Amerindian and mixed-race descendants (more common in lower classes), which is called
359:
Many state and local agencies comply with the U.S. Office of Management and Budget (OMB) 1997 revised standards for the collection, tabulation, and presentation of federal data on race and ethnicity. The revised OMB standards identify a minimum of five racial categories:
787:
of 1949 prohibited marriage between Native Europeans (people of European descent) and non-Whites (being classified as African, Asian and Coloured). But this followed centuries of interaction and unions resulting in mixed-race children. This law was repealed in 1985.
1125:
in Sarawak. A mixture of cultures has resulted in both states. The offspring of these marriages are called "Sino-(name of tribe)", e.g. Sino-Dusun. Normally, children are strongly affected by the father's ethnicity and culture, being raised in his culture. These
1158:, who trace their ancestry to Arab traders who settled on the island and intermarried with local women. Today, the Sri Lankan Moors live primarily in urban communities. They preserve Arab-Islamic cultural heritage while adopting many Southern Asian customs.
1810:
or Rotuman ancestry and European/Fijian ancestry (often called "part Fijians"). The latter are often descendants of shipwrecked sailors and settlers who came during the colonial period. Migration from a dozen or more different Pacific countries
1533:
officially numbered 6.1 million in 2006, or 2.0% of the population. There is considerable evidence that an accurate number would be much higher. Prior to the mid-20th century, many people hid their mixed-race heritage. The development of
1047:". The Malaysian government classifies them only by their father's ethnicity. As the majority of these intermarriages usually involve an Indian groom and Chinese bride, the majority of Chindians in Malaysia are usually classified as "
1546:
In 2010, the number of Americans who checked both "black" and "white" on their census forms was 134 percent higher than it had been a decade earlier. In 2012, those choosing 'Two or more races' on the census was 2.4% of the total.
1677:
had similar laws to prohibit European-Asian marriages, which was associated with discrimination against Chinese and Japanese on the West Coast. Many states eventually repealed such laws and a 1967 decision by the US Supreme Court
338:
remains a commonly used term for classification, often related to visible physical characteristics or known community. Insofar as race is defined differently in different cultures, perceptions of mixed race are subjective.
590:
whose European or Native American ancestors are not visible in their appearance. According to genetic research, most Brazilians of all racial groups (except Asian-Brazilians and natives) are, to some extent, mixed-race.
1669:, most notably between whites and blacks, was historically deemed immoral and illegal in most states in the 18th, 19th and first half of the 20th century because of its long association of blacks with the slave caste.
875:
in India, although it lessened as British families settled in the country. The estimated population of Anglo-Indians, the term for these Eurasians, is 600,000 worldwide, with the majority living in India and the UK.
527:
was used to describe both mixed-race persons of African and European descent, and those Asians not of African descent. While the term is socially accepted, it is becoming outdated because of its association with the
1409:
Mixed-race Canadians in 2006 officially totaled 1.5% of the population, up from 1.2% in 2001. The official mixed-race population grew by 25% since the previous census. Of these, the most frequent combinations were
4080:
1691:
The United States is one of the most racially diverse countries in the world. Americans are mostly mixed ethnic descendants of various immigrant nationalities culturally distinct in their former countries.
694:
North Africa has numerous mixed-race communities, reflecting a history of both extensive Mediterranean trade around the region and later colonization and migration by African groups. Among these are the
3602:
2453:
Ualiyeva, Saule K., and Adrienne L. Edgar, 'In the Laboratory of Peoples’ Friendship: Mixed People in Kazakhstan from the Soviet Era to the Present', in Rebecca C. King-O'Riain, and others (eds),
535:
In Latin America, populations became triracial after the introduction of African slavery. A panoply of terms developed during the Spanish and Portuguese colonial periods, including terms such as
1767:
and other Polynesians over the years. The overwhelming majority of the rest of the indigenous Fijians, though, can be genetically traced to having mixed Polynesian/Melanesian ancestry.
380:. Perhaps the most significant change for Census 2000 was that respondents were given the option to mark one or more races on the questionnaire to indicate their racial identity.
2226:. Those terms are not considered offensive and focus more on skin color than on ethnicity (it is considered more like other human characteristics such as being short or tall).
4167:
3695:"Population Groups (28) and Sex (3) for the Population of Canada, Provinces, Territories, Census Metropolitan Areas and Census Agglomerations, 2006 Census – 20% Sample Data"
3279:
Stephanie Mawson, 'Between Loyalty and Disobedience: The Limits of Spanish Domination in the Seventeenth Century Pacific' (Univ. of Sydney M.Phil. thesis, 2014), appendix 3.
1445:. Many of these people married in with European Canadian and Native Canadian populations, although their precise numbers and the numbers of their descendants are not known.
490:
for people of partially Native American descent are still used by English-speaking people of the Western Hemisphere but mostly to refer to the past or to the demography of
2980:
Ualiyeva, Saule K.; Edgar, Adrienne L. (31 December 2020). "4. In the Laboratory of Peoples' Friendship: Mixed People in Kazakhstan from the Soviet Era to the Present".
3298:
He (Governor Don Sebastían Hurtado de Corcuera) brought a great reënforcements of soldiers, many of them from Perú, as he made his voyage to Acapulco from that kingdom.
943:
1154:
has been a confluence for settlers from various parts of the world. There are several mixed-race ethnicities in the island. The most notable mixed-race group is the
838:
from mainland Africa. These two groups intermixed, forming the modern Malagasy people; later migrants from Arabia, Somalia, and India added to the genetic mixture.
2661:
3961:
2945:
381:
2733:
967:, one-third of Luzon which holds half the Philippine population, has Spanish or Latin-American admxiture. And it also has Philippine-American descent.
2789:
3311:
959:
for almost four centuries, or 333 years. The United States took it over after the Spanish-American War, ruling for 46 years. Many Filipinos are mixed
312:. In the Caribbean, mixed-race people officially make up the majority of the population in the Dominican Republic (73%), Aruba (68%), and Cuba (51%).
3668:
1964:
3422:
1267:
In 1991 an analysis of the census showed that 50% of Mixed Caribbean men born in the UK have native British partners, and the 2011 BBC documentary
541:
for persons of Native American and native African descent. Charts and diagrams intended to explain the classifications were common. The well-known
3906:
2264:
their ancestry back to nearly eight to nine generations, they will have at least one Amerindian ancestor from their maternal side of the family.
1040:
4365:, an online activist publication registered with the Library of Congress, focused on multiracial individuals and interracial families since 1997
3239:
3190:
2208:
is formally used in the official census but is not used by the population. In Brazilian society, most people who are mixed race call themselves
2321:
997:
children. The Pearl S. Buck International foundation estimates there are 52,000 Amerasians in the Philippines, with 5,000 in the Clark area of
4024:
3935:
1990:, of Spanish, indigenous and African ancestry, made positive references to the mixed-race ancestry of most Latin Americans from time to time.
3470:
1791:) had not resisted to some degree marriage between religious groups, which tended to be from more similar parts of the Indian subcontinent.
1576:
to select from only one category. For example, in 2010, they were offered choices of one or more racial categories from the following list:
4135:
4171:
2818:
2356:
937:
4849:
2536:
3054:
1947:
Race and racial mixture have played a significant role in the politics of many Latin American countries. In most countries, for example
1280:
reported that "Britain has the highest rate of interracial relationships in the world" and certainly the UK has the highest rate in the
3290:"Second Book of the Second Part of the Conquests of the Filipinas Islands, and Chronicle of the Religious of Our Father, St. Augustine"
856:
1324:
1262:
4477:
1094:
with considerable Malay ancestry. The early Tamil settlers took local wives, as they had not brought their own women at that time.
907:. This group dominated colonial society and through the early years of independence. After Burma gained independence in 1948, many
784:
746:. When English and other European colonists were taken captive by Native Americans, they had models for recounting their trials.
111:
4193:
83:
1334:
included a section entitled 'Mixed', to which 1.4% (1.6% by 2005 estimates) of people responded, which was split further into
861:
The people of South Asia have a diverse genetic pool, being composed of South Asian hunter-gatherers, Neolithic Iranians, and
169:. A variety of terms have been used both historically and presently for mixed-race people in a variety of contexts, including
4289:
3990:
3406:
3333:
3208:
2925:
2898:
2867:
500:
is a historic term for people of partial Native American ancestry; it is now considered pejorative and discouraged from use.
369:
4917:
1932:
or other European ancestry. Mestizos make up a large portion of Latin Americans, comprising a majority in many countries.
562:(or any other to the extent it is not clearly perceptible) and vice versa, tend to be thrown into the single category of "
90:
2078:
1836:
64:
3092:"On the Origins and Admixture of Malagasy: New Evidence from High-Resolution Analyses of Paternal and Maternal Lineages"
1554:
and Eugene Turner, by some calculations in the 2000 Census, the mixed-race population that is part white is as follows:
1059:, legal restrictions in Malaysia make it uncommon for them to intermarry with either the Indians, who are predominantly
4865:
4345:
4234:
3832:
3740:
2665:
1925:
1497:
1004:
In the United States, intermarriage between Filipinos and other ethnicities is common. They have the highest number of
619:
are becoming generally accepted. In other languages, terms for miscegenation are not necessarily considered offensive.
1997:
has created diverse populations on many islands, including people of mixed race identities. Of note is the mixture of
2100:
1008:
among Asian immigrant groups, as documented in California. Some 21.8% of Philippine-Americans are of mixed ancestry.
749:
Cape Verde, in west Africa, has one of the most mixed-race populations (around 75% of the population) on the planet.
472:
296:
Individuals of mixed-race backgrounds make up a significant portion of the population in many parts of the world. In
130:
4264:
1665:
The US has a growing mixed-race identity movement, reflective of a desire by people to claim their full identities.
97:
3137:
2399:"How have researchers studied multiracial populations: A content and methodological review of 20 years of research"
1288:
4431:
2306:
1308:
1292:
504:, once widely used, is now used mostly for members of historically mixed-race groups, such as Louisiana Creoles,
2202:), on 27 June, is official event in States of Amazonas, Roraima e Paraíba and a holiday in two cities. The term
4834:
2082:
1659:
384:
race data are shown for people who reported a race either alone or in combination with one or more other races.
79:
68:
4387:
1253:
are of mixed South Asian, Middle Eastern and European ancestry. They settled in Europe hundreds of years ago.
550:
At one time, Latin American census categories have used such classifications. In Brazilian censuses since the
4792:
4408:
3090:
Tofanelli, S.; Bertoncini, S.; Castri, L.; Luiselli, D.; Calafell, F.; Donati, G.; Paoli, G. (17 June 2009).
3003:
2028:
1223:
798:
3191:"Women and children, militarism, and human rights: International Women's Working Conference – Off Our Backs"
1505:
4912:
4470:
2151:
1771:
classified as simply "Indians" to this day, came from many parts of the Indian subcontinent of present-day
1453:
1434:
3881:
3672:
1936:
one's official racial classification. Official caste distinctions were abolished in many countries of the
4643:
4421:
3796:
3767:
1963:, a majority of the population can be described as biracial or mixed race (depending on the country). In
326:
285:
152:
17:
3588:
3428:
2793:
4875:
3910:
3756:
3317:
2273:
1509:
868:
4445:
4399:
4381:
3646:
2890:
In the Shadow of the Black Beast: African American Masculinity in the Harlem and Southern Renaissances
1401:
797:. According to the 2016 South African Census, they are the second-largest ethnic group (8.8%), behind
627:
The terms "multi-ethnic people" or "ethnically mixed people" refer to people who are of more than one
4839:
4307:
Joyner, Kara; Kao, Grace (August 2005). "Interracial Relationships and the Transition to Adulthood".
3762:
3194:
2311:
2023:. In addition to such mixtures, many inhabitants of the West Indies can also have any combination of
377:
4076:"Analysis of genomic diversity in Mexican Mestizo populations to develop genomic medicine in Mexico"
3456:
578:
in this case, despite not being mixed race. A European-looking person, even with one or more native
547:
paintings in Mexico and, to some extent, Peru, were illustrations of the different classifications.
4922:
4716:
4028:
3939:
2372:
1806:, Indo-Fijians and Indigenous Fijians have mixed. Others have Chinese/Fijian ancestry, Indo-Fijian/
1183:
971:
331:
3480:
4463:
3860:
3732:
2368:
2071:
1685:
1457:
1170:
987:
802:
476:
57:
4145:
2826:
1414:(for example, people of mixed black and South Asian heritage form the majority, specifically in
300:, studies have found that the mixed-race population is continuing to grow. In many countries of
104:
3249:
979:
862:
661:
602:
579:
394:
4051:
3289:
1186:, departing French troops took thousands of Vietnamese wives and children with them after the
397:, many terms for mixed-race people exist, some of which are pejorative or are no longer used.
4589:
3549:
3065:
2955:
2915:
2888:
1998:
1901:
1693:
1674:
1651:
1491:
1276:
1052:
1025:
880:
4010:
2859:
4812:
4807:
4569:
4089:
3907:"Bridging 1990 and 2000 census race data: Fractional assignment of multiracial populations"
3824:
2742:
2286:
2118:
1666:
1442:
1390:
1005:
823:
743:
2989:
1226:
slave traders sold slaves in cumulatively large numbers over the centuries throughout the
1199:
993:
After the bases closed in 1992, American troops left, often abandoning partners and their
8:
4672:
4574:
3623:
2296:
2006:
1187:
956:
884:
712:
509:
4428:, UK-based nonprofit organization representing the interests of the mixed-race community
4390:, US-based nonprofit organization representing the interests of the mixed-race community
4093:
3313:
Forced Migration in the Spanish Pacific World: From Mexico to the Philippines, 1765–1811
2746:
1975:
4891:
4402:, a study of half-Japanese people, London-, Munich-, Tokyo-based nonprofit organisation
4324:
4112:
4075:
3575:
3521:
3496:
3444:
3176:
2727:
Barbujani, Guido; Magagni, Arianna; Minch, Eric; Cavalli-Sforza, L. Luca (April 1997).
2431:
2398:
2336:
1956:
1717:
1709:
1697:
1680:
835:
719:
ancestry. They constitute a socially and ethnically distinct group within the Maghreb.
559:
290:
31:
4561:
4072:
2497:"Turkish Roma from Bulgaria and their Migration to Poland by ERSTE Foundation - Issuu"
2458:
1979:
1449:
1437:, a very large but unknown number of African American slaves escaped to Canada, where
1364:
4870:
4594:
4341:
4328:
4295:
4285:
4230:
4117:
3986:
3828:
3789:
3736:
3702:
3526:
3402:
3329:
3119:
3111:
2921:
2894:
2863:
2770:
2765:
2728:
2712:
2496:
2436:
2418:
2143:
1897:
1824:
1737:
1729:
1438:
1394:
1378:
801:, or Native African Bantu peoples, who constitute (80.8%) of the current population.
440:
3569:
quoting Professor Richard Berthoud of the Institute for Social and Economic Research
1827:
being the most prevalent) have added to the various ethnicities and intermarriages.
865:. This makes up the genome of modern-day Indians and varies from caste and region.
4656:
4316:
4107:
4097:
3516:
3508:
3321:
3103:
2985:
2760:
2750:
2702:
2426:
2410:
2326:
2167:
2128:
2114:
1937:
1540:
1382:
1242:
and communities descended from these slaves can be found throughout these regions.
1155:
1139:
1135:
1106:
1072:
1048:
1036:
975:
960:
932:
814:
723:
673:
551:
416:
365:
3216:
1944:
as they became independent of Spain. Several terms have remained in common usage.
463:. These terms are also in certain contexts used in the English-speaking world. In
4623:
4606:
4449:
4425:
4412:
4224:
3976:
3818:
3475:
3270:
Mixed Marriage...Interreligious, Interracial, Interethnic By Dr. Robert H. Schram
3244:
2855:
2849:
2693:
2163:
2147:
2002:
1816:
1535:
1465:
1386:
1122:
827:
726:
sold sub-Saharan Africans as slaves in cumulatively large numbers throughout the
583:
555:
460:
4282:
The Masters and the Slaves: A Study in the Development of Brazilian Civilization
3371:
3349:
2851:
Power!: Black Workers, Their Unions and the Struggle for Freedom in South Africa
2561:
2005:
settlers, most of whom came as indentured labor after the abolition of slavery.
468:
4579:
4523:
4506:
4320:
4081:
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
2800:
2636:
2586:
2457:(New York, NY, 2014; online edn, NYU Press Scholarship Online, 24 March 2016),
2193:
2036:
1893:
1713:
1559:
1551:
1461:
1331:
1320:
1300:
1281:
1162:
1131:
587:
571:
567:
373:
361:
35:
2510:
1987:
1867:
1514:
1142:, especially those who have received education in vernacular Chinese schools.
570:
are related less to ancestry than to phenotype. A westernized Amerindian with
4906:
4829:
4824:
4547:
4538:
4533:
3325:
3115:
2422:
2301:
2123:
1921:
1905:
1862:
1523:
1473:
1296:
1250:
1214:
908:
904:
831:
716:
596:
491:
301:
297:
205:
4168:"No auge do sucesso, top Adriana Lima completa 30 anos | MODASPOT News"
4102:
3209:"Many needy Amerasian children are legacies of U.S. presence in Philippines"
3107:
2611:
1874:
whose mother is of African descent and whose father is of European ancestry
1708:
was sworn in as America's first mixed-race president, as he is the son of a
4797:
4299:
4247:
4121:
3996:
3982:
3845:
3530:
3123:
2873:
2755:
2716:
2440:
2331:
2155:
2139:
1705:
1655:
1469:
1374:
1235:
1227:
1127:
1110:
998:
780:
766:
735:
727:
513:
4338:
The Rebirth of Hope: My Journey from Vietnam War Child to American Citizen
4200:(in Brazilian Portuguese). Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística
3512:
2774:
2397:
Charmaraman, Linda; Woo, Meghan; Quach, Ashley; Erkut, Sumru (July 2014).
1369:
986:
until 1946, though occupied by Japan during World War II. In 1946, in the
229:
4819:
4729:
4618:
4612:
4584:
4501:
4140:
2291:
2183:
2159:
1994:
1952:
1725:
1316:
1271:
noted that 1 in 10 British children are growing up in mixed households.
1190:. Some Eurasians stayed in Vietnam, after independence from French rule.
1118:
983:
964:
952:
916:
872:
645:
582:
or Indigenous ancestors, is not classified as "pardo" but as "branco", a
343:
4664:
3091:
1482:, "to mix", the Métis people are a distinct ethnic group within Canada.
1350:. In the 2011 census, 2.2% chose 'Mixed' for the question on ethnicity.
4371:, an organization leading the movement for a multiracial classification
2175:
2085: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
2024:
1871:
1803:
1795:
1780:
1749:
1732:. In Hawai'i, the U.S. state in which he was born, he would be called "
1670:
1501:
1239:
1218:
819:
739:
708:
665:
523:
In South Africa and much of English-speaking southern Africa, the term
496:
217:
211:
4844:
4683:
3493:
3155:
2316:
445:
293:, in addition to those that were initially coined for pejorative use.
4677:
4649:
4555:
4518:
4455:
3978:
Obama and the Biracial Factor: The Battle for a New American Majority
3398:
2414:
1983:
1929:
1889:
1885:
1799:
1530:
1304:
1210:
1151:
1021:
1017:
994:
912:
774:
689:
628:
529:
505:
235:
199:
166:
4775:
3729:
The New Race Question: How The Census Counts Multiracial Individuals
2471:
2229:
The most common mixed-race groups are between European and African (
2060:
1476:
ethnic groups). Although the term "Métis" stems from the Latin verb
1020:
as of September 2007 was 4.68 million. Mixed-race people, including
822:
was settled between the first and ninth centuries AD by two groups:
46:
4764:
4756:
4628:
4415:, an organization advocating for mixed-heritage people and families
4267:. American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry. October 1999
2726:
2707:
2688:
2662:"U.S. Department of State People Profiles Latin American Countries"
2014:
1941:
1909:
1776:
1231:
1075:
and Malaysia often take local Malay wives, because of their common
1064:
1044:
1032:
793:
762:
731:
657:
273:
241:
189:
4724:
3962:"Multiracial Dimensions in the United States and Around the World"
757:
634:
455:
183:
4802:
4769:
4749:
4734:
4702:
4696:
4528:
4405:
3089:
2237:
2231:
2135:
2017:
claim the highest populations of such mixtures, known locally as
1968:
1917:
1882:
1858:
1846:
1820:
1784:
1415:
1150:
Due to its strategic location in the Indian Ocean, the island of
1102:
1087:
900:
704:
700:
696:
427:
411:
309:
305:
223:
4688:
4600:
2255:
1878:
267:
2946:"All Mixed Up: What Do We Call People Of Multiple Backgrounds?"
2019:
2010:
1960:
1948:
1812:
1091:
1083:
1068:
1056:
649:
517:
464:
421:
399:
308:
make up the majority of the population and in some others also
4393:
4362:
4742:
4709:
4511:
4418:
4368:
3936:"The 2010 Census Questionnaire: Seven Questions for Everyone"
2179:
2040:
2032:
1854:
1850:
1840:
1807:
1772:
1764:
1721:
1114:
1098:
1076:
1060:
653:
563:
543:
537:
405:
289:. A number of these once-acceptable terms are now considered
279:
251:
1543:
had mixed ancestries, usually European and Native American.
1174:
the Portuguese Sinhalese, Creole, Afro-Sinhalese varieties.
4636:
4025:"The Hapa Project: How multiracial identity crosses oceans"
3790:"The Two or More Races Population: 2000. Census 2000 Brief"
2044:
1788:
1759:
1733:
1452:(descendants of a historical population who were partially
1312:
1043:. The offspring of such marriages are informally known as "
261:
4442:
3497:"Origins, admixture and founder lineages in European Roma"
2221:
2215:
2209:
2203:
2197:
2187:
1571:
White/Native Hawaiian and other Pacific Islander: 125,628.
1138:. A smaller number are able to speak Chinese dialects and
944:
Carta Hydrographica y Chorographica de las Yslas Filipinas
30:"Mixed race" redirects here. For the album by Tricky, see
2950:
1763:
Fiji Islanders from the Lau group have intermarried with
4437:
3138:"Treaty Bodies Database – Document – State Party Report"
3038:
The Structure of Slavery in Indian Ocean Africa and Asia
2396:
2249:) and East Asian (mostly Japanese) and European/other (
920:
475:
descent, who have status in the law similar to that of
1016:
According to government statistics, the population of
791:
Mixed-race South Africans are commonly referred to as
554:, for example, most persons of mixed heritage, except
3032:
3030:
1518:
US Census reporting of Two or Mixed Races 2010 – 2019
1035:, the majority of inter-ethnic marriages are between
4279:
3024:(Minority Rights Group International: 1997), p. 435.
2848:
MacShane, Denis; Plaut, Martin; Ward, David (1984).
2537:"Please Do Not Call Me A 'Mutt' (Not Even You, Mom)"
911:
left the country; the diaspora resides primarily in
471:
are a recognized ethnic group of mixed European and
2734:
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA
2459:
https://doi.org/10.18574/nyu/9780814770733.003.0004
2403:
Cultural Diversity & Ethnic Minority Psychology
1405:
Canada Census Multiple Visible Minority 1996 – 2016
1287:In the United Kingdom, many mixed-race people have
923:. An estimated 52,000 Anglo-Burmese live in Burma.
711:. They are believed to be an ethnicity composed of
71:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
3820:Handbook of Race, Racism, and the Developing Child
3817:Quintana, Stephen M.; McKown, Clark, eds. (2008).
3424:Arab and native intermarriage in Austronesian Asia
3156:"Article 366(2) in The Constitution of India 1949"
3027:
1830:
4434:, a UK-based organisation for mixed-race families
2847:
2174:According to the 2010 official census, 43.13% of
4904:
4315:(4). American Sociological Association: 563–81.
4306:
3183:
3231:
635:Regions with significant mixed-race populations
3816:
3048:
3046:
2689:"Genetic variation, classification and 'race'"
2322:Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact hypotheses
2245:). But there are also African and Amerindian (
2182:skin color. That option is normally marked by
1920:" is the common word for mixed-race people in
4471:
3968:
3938:. Population Reference Bureau. Archived from
2979:
2790:"Molecular Eyewitness: DNA Gets a Human Face"
1724:. He acknowledges both parents. His official
1323:, are referred to or describe themselves as '
974:in 1898, the Philippines and other remaining
3495:Quintana-Murci, Lluis; Comas, David (2016).
2687:Jorde, Lynn B.; Wooding, Stephen P. (2004).
2686:
574:skin may also be classified as a "pardo", a
486:for people of partially African descent and
4850:Pre-Columbian transoceanic contact theories
4340:. Texas: Texas Christian University Press.
3757:"B02001. Race – Universe: total Population"
3415:
3043:
2472:"| Search Online Etymology Dictionary"
2001:, most brought to the region as slaves and
1477:
4478:
4464:
4382:Association of MultiEthnic Americans, Inc.
2184:people that consider themselves mixed race
857:Genetics and archaeogenetics of South Asia
378:Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander
151:refer to people who are of more than one
4280:Freyre, Gilberto; Putnam, Samuel (1946).
4222:
4170:(in Brazilian Portuguese). Archived from
4111:
4101:
4049:
3974:
3671:. Newenglandancestors.org. Archived from
3520:
3395:Building Cultural Nationalism in Malaysia
3303:
2764:
2754:
2729:"An apportionment of human DNA diversity"
2706:
2534:
2430:
2101:Learn how and when to remove this message
1448:Another 1.2% of Canadians officially are
1263:Mixed (United Kingdom ethnicity category)
1011:
165:refer to people who are of more than one
131:Learn how and when to remove this message
4050:Westbrook, Caroline (13 February 2004).
3810:
3178:The Former Philippines thru Foreign Eyes
3014:
2943:
2134:
2122:
1877:
1866:
1650:
1513:
1400:
1368:
1105:, intermarriage has been common between
1063:, or the Chinese, who are predominantly
936:
756:
622:
4335:
4066:
4027:. UH Today. Spring 2007. Archived from
3904:
3788:Jones, Nicholas A.; Smith, Amy Symens.
3624:"Keanu Reeves Film Reference biography"
3471:"South Viet Nam: The Girls Left Behind"
3392:
3052:
2939:
2937:
2913:
978:were ceded to the United States in the
14:
4905:
4485:
3787:
3749:
3644:
3562:
2886:
1900:descent; his paternal grandmother was
1456:—also called "Indian" or "Native"—and
4459:
4226:Forbidden Nation: A History of Taiwan
3638:
3543:
3237:
2823:2000 Census of Population and Housing
2811:
1974:The Mexican philosopher and educator
1109:and native tribespeople, such as the
970:After the defeat of Spain during the
699:, oasis-dwellers of Saharan southern
3858:
3372:"Multiracial / Hapa Asian Americans"
3309:
3282:
3040:, 1 edition, (Routledge: 2003), p.ix
2934:
2825:. U.S. Census Bureau. Archived from
2392:
2390:
2166:ancestry, which classifies her as a
2083:adding citations to reliable sources
2054:
1794:Over the years, particularly in the
1579:
332:While defining race is controversial
69:adding citations to reliable sources
40:
4396:, Brazilian mixed-race organization
4229:(illustrated ed.). Macmillan.
3975:Jolivétte, Andrew (February 2012).
3479:. 10 September 1956. Archived from
3350:"Interracial Dating & Marriage"
3142:United Nations Human Rights Website
2990:10.18574/nyu/9780814770733.003.0004
2787:
2535:Rodriguez, Zoe (18 December 2020).
1978:authored an essay on the subject, "
1904:and his paternal grandfather was a
1837:Race and ethnicity in Latin America
664:), people of mixed race are called
594:In the English language, the terms
320:
24:
4196:[Demographic Census 2000]
4144:. 24 November 2015. Archived from
3501:European Journal of Human Genetics
2973:
2914:Striner, Richard (11 April 2012).
1498:Black Indians in the United States
1441:was made illegal in 1834, via the
1299:heritage. For example, supermodel
895:
830:from across the Indian Ocean, and
785:Prohibition of Mixed Marriages Act
25:
4934:
4356:
3905:Allen, James P.; Turner, Eugene.
3053:Lehohla, P. J. (25 August 2016).
2944:Donnella, Leah (25 August 2016).
2819:"Modified Race Data Summary File"
2387:
1256:
982:. The Philippines was under U.S.
370:Native American and Alaska Native
3861:"Multi-Race and the 2010 Census"
3544:Twine, France Winddance (2010).
2887:Leiter, Andrew B. (1 May 2010).
2059:
1967:, over 80% of the population is
1591:American Indian or Alaska Native
1485:
1353:
1097:In the East Malaysian states of
1051:" by the government. As for the
586:. The same applies to "negros",
388:
45:
4215:
4186:
4160:
4128:
4043:
4017:
4003:
3954:
3928:
3898:
3874:
3852:
3781:
3721:
3687:
3661:
3645:Hoover, Will (18 August 2002).
3616:
3595:
3556:
3537:
3487:
3463:
3386:
3364:
3342:
3273:
3264:
3238:Beech, Hannah (16 April 2001).
3201:
3169:
3148:
3130:
3096:Molecular Biology and Evolution
3083:
2996:
2907:
2880:
2841:
2781:
2680:
2654:
2629:
2604:
2307:Origins of Hutu, Tutsi, and Twa
2235:) and Amerindian and European (
2070:needs additional citations for
1982:", celebrating racial mixture.
1831:Latin America and the Caribbean
1565:White/African American: 737,492
941:Mestizos as illustrated in the
752:
683:
56:needs additional citations for
4835:Origins of Hutu, Tutsi and Twa
4394:Brazilian Multiracial Movement
3882:"US Census, Race and Ethnicty"
3705:. 12 June 2008. Archived from
3215:. 19 June 2001. Archived from
2579:
2554:
2528:
2503:
2489:
2464:
2447:
2349:
1684:) overturned all remaining US
1660:President of the United States
1430:and many other smaller mixes.
1130:usually become fluent in both
926:
494:and its diasporic population.
342:According to U.S. sociologist
315:
13:
1:
4793:Cherokee freedmen controversy
4284:. New York: Alfred A. Knopf.
3859:Cohn, D'Vera (6 April 2011).
3647:"Rooted in Kuli'ou'ou Valley"
3563:Harlow, John (9 April 2000).
3546:A White Side of Black Britain
3022:World Directory of Minorities
2343:
1086:people, in Singapore and the
808:
4309:American Sociological Review
4223:Manthorpe, Jonathan (2008).
3393:Daniels, Timothy P. (2005).
3008:Swahili - English dictionary
3004:"Swahili-English Dictionary"
2461:, accessed 7 September 2023.
1798:-growing regions of Western
1435:slavery in the United States
1373:Canadian actor and musician
1204:
1145:
346:and ethicist Pilar Ossorio:
34:. For more information, see
27:People of more than one race
7:
4918:Race (human categorization)
3797:United States Census Bureau
3768:United States Census Bureau
3603:"UK Census 2011, Ethnicity"
3175:Fëdor Jagor et al. (1870).
2279:
2131:in each department in 2022.
1993:Colonialism throughout the
1971:in some degree or another.
1728:biography describes him as
1588:Black, African Am. or Negro
1412:multiple visible minorities
660:(including portions of the
568:racial boundaries in Brazil
327:Race (human categorization)
10:
4939:
4866:Contemporary ethnic groups
4452:, US-based mixed community
4321:10.1177/000312240507000402
4256:
3699:2006 Census: Data Products
3318:Cambridge University Press
3248:. Time Inc. Archived from
2112:
1844:
1834:
1747:
1743:
1558:White/Native American and
1510:Children of the Plantation
1506:Métis in the United States
1495:
1489:
1362:
1260:
1208:
1197:
1177:
930:
869:Henry Louis Vivian Derozio
854:
812:
772:
687:
324:
29:
4884:
4858:
4785:
4494:
4388:Blended People of America
3763:American Community Survey
2920:. SIU Press. p. 54.
2893:. LSU Press. p. 70.
2312:Passing (racial identity)
2222:
2216:
2210:
2204:
2198:
2188:
2178:identified themselves as
2050:
1924:, especially people with
1358:
1336:White and Black Caribbean
1245:
1071:. But Indian Muslims and
834:migrants who crossed the
639:
4363:The Multiracial Activist
4336:Hudecek, Sau Le (2017).
4194:"Censo Demográfico 2000"
4011:"President Barack Obama"
3964:. diversityspectrum.com.
3326:10.1017/CBO9781316480120
3310:Mehl, Eva Maria (2016).
1999:West African communities
1568:White/Asian: 727,197 and
1344:White and Native African
1193:
1055:, who are predominantly
850:
4103:10.1073/pnas.0903045106
3733:Russell Sage Foundation
3062:Statistics South Africa
2369:Oxford University Press
1779:and to a lesser degree
1754:
1740:word for "mixed race".
1686:anti-miscegenation laws
1658:, the first mixed-race
1636:Other Pacific Islander
1418:), followed closely by
1315:roots. Some, like 2008
1090:state of Malaysia, are
845:
826:peoples who arrived on
803:European South Africans
163:ethnically mixed people
4448:11 August 2015 at the
4265:"Multiracial Children"
3316:. Cambridge, England:
3294:Zamboanga City History
3240:"The Forgotten Angels"
3055:"South African Census"
2756:10.1073/pnas.94.9.4516
2371:. 2013. Archived from
2171:
2132:
1913:
1875:
1662:
1519:
1478:
1406:
1398:
1184:Geneva Accords of 1954
1012:Singapore and Malaysia
948:
893:
879:Article 366(2) of the
863:Western Steppe Herders
770:
662:East African Community
395:English-speaking world
386:
355:In the United States:
353:
3825:John Wiley & Sons
3649:. Honolulu Advertiser
3550:Duke University Press
3513:10.1038/ejhg.2015.201
3108:10.1093/molbev/msp120
2956:National Public Radio
2701:(11 Suppl): S28–S33.
2138:
2126:
1881:
1870:
1704:On January 20, 2009,
1675:Western United States
1654:
1623:Guamanian or Chamorro
1517:
1496:Further information:
1492:Multiracial Americans
1404:
1372:
1209:Further information:
1006:interracial marriages
940:
889:
760:
688:Further information:
680:(plural in Swahili).
623:In terms of ethnicity
357:
348:
4813:Interracial marriage
4808:Interethnic marriage
4590:Eurasian Singaporean
4438:People in Harmony UK
4424:17 June 2020 at the
4411:9 March 2012 at the
3483:on 14 December 2008.
3071:on 20 September 2018
2829:on 18 September 2004
2287:Hyphenated ethnicity
2119:Mixed-race Brazilian
2079:improve this article
1667:Interracial marriage
1443:Underground Railroad
972:Spanish–American War
744:captivity narratives
80:"Multiracial people"
65:improve this article
4913:Multiracial affairs
4094:2009PNAS..106.8611S
4031:on 13 November 2014
3197:on 3 February 2009.
2747:1997PNAS...94.4516B
2365:Oxford Dictionaries
2297:Multiethnic society
2274:Brazilian apartheid
2007:Trinidad and Tobago
1433:During the time of
1188:First Indochina War
1182:Under terms of the
963:, and according to
881:Indian Constitution
713:Sub-Saharan African
473:Indigenous American
449:in Portuguese, and
159:multi-ethnic people
4892:Race of the future
4876:luk khrueng people
4148:on 9 December 2017
4054:. Something Jewish
3709:on 4 February 2009
3669:"NEHGS – Articles"
3431:on 1 February 2009
3374:. asian-nation.org
3352:. asian-nation.org
3252:on 23 January 2007
3020:Bridget Anderson,
2788:Abraham, Carolyn.
2499:. 3 November 2014.
2337:William Loren Katz
2253:or more recently,
2172:
2133:
1957:Dominican Republic
1914:
1876:
1681:Loving v. Virginia
1663:
1520:
1407:
1399:
1117:in Sabah, and the
1073:Arabs in Singapore
949:
836:Mozambique Channel
771:
724:Arab slave traders
145:multiracial people
32:Mixed Race (album)
4900:
4899:
4291:978-0-520-05665-7
4013:. whitehouse.gov.
3992:978-1-4473-0100-4
3916:on 2 October 2008
3703:Statistics Canada
3583:Missing or empty
3408:978-0-415-94971-2
3335:978-1-316-48012-0
2982:Global Mixed Race
2927:978-0-8093-3078-2
2900:978-0-8071-4635-4
2869:978-0-89608-244-1
2804:, 25 June 2005),
2455:Global Mixed Race
2111:
2110:
2103:
1825:Wallis and Futuna
1712:mother of mostly
1710:European American
1648:
1647:
1541:African Americans
1171:Sri Lanka Kaffirs
1031:In Singapore and
362:European American
149:mixed-race people
141:
140:
133:
115:
16:(Redirected from
4930:
4595:Filipino Mestizo
4480:
4473:
4466:
4457:
4456:
4406:MAVIN Foundation
4400:The Hafu Project
4351:
4332:
4303:
4276:
4274:
4272:
4251:
4245:
4243:
4210:
4209:
4207:
4205:
4199:
4190:
4184:
4183:
4181:
4179:
4164:
4158:
4157:
4155:
4153:
4132:
4126:
4125:
4115:
4105:
4070:
4064:
4063:
4061:
4059:
4047:
4041:
4040:
4038:
4036:
4021:
4015:
4014:
4007:
4001:
4000:
3972:
3966:
3965:
3958:
3952:
3951:
3949:
3947:
3932:
3926:
3925:
3923:
3921:
3915:
3909:. Archived from
3902:
3896:
3895:
3893:
3891:
3886:
3878:
3872:
3871:
3869:
3867:
3856:
3850:
3849:
3843:
3841:
3814:
3808:
3807:
3805:
3803:
3794:
3785:
3779:
3778:
3776:
3774:
3753:
3747:
3746:
3725:
3719:
3718:
3716:
3714:
3691:
3685:
3684:
3682:
3680:
3675:on 21 April 2010
3665:
3659:
3658:
3656:
3654:
3642:
3636:
3635:
3633:
3631:
3626:. Film Reference
3620:
3614:
3613:
3611:
3609:
3599:
3593:
3592:
3586:
3581:
3579:
3571:
3565:The Sunday Times
3560:
3554:
3553:
3541:
3535:
3534:
3524:
3491:
3485:
3484:
3467:
3461:
3460:
3454:
3450:
3448:
3440:
3438:
3436:
3427:. Archived from
3419:
3413:
3412:
3390:
3384:
3383:
3381:
3379:
3368:
3362:
3361:
3359:
3357:
3346:
3340:
3339:
3307:
3301:
3300:
3286:
3280:
3277:
3271:
3268:
3262:
3261:
3259:
3257:
3235:
3229:
3228:
3226:
3224:
3219:on 24 March 2009
3205:
3199:
3198:
3193:. Archived from
3187:
3181:
3173:
3167:
3166:
3164:
3162:
3152:
3146:
3145:
3144:. 29 April 1996.
3134:
3128:
3127:
3102:(9): 2109–2124.
3087:
3081:
3080:
3078:
3076:
3070:
3064:. Archived from
3059:
3050:
3041:
3034:
3025:
3018:
3012:
3011:
3000:
2994:
2993:
2977:
2971:
2970:
2964:
2962:
2941:
2932:
2931:
2917:Lincoln and Race
2911:
2905:
2904:
2884:
2878:
2877:
2845:
2839:
2838:
2836:
2834:
2815:
2809:
2797:
2792:. Archived from
2785:
2779:
2778:
2768:
2758:
2741:(9): 4516–4519.
2724:
2710:
2684:
2678:
2677:
2675:
2673:
2664:. Archived from
2658:
2652:
2651:
2649:
2647:
2633:
2627:
2626:
2624:
2622:
2608:
2602:
2601:
2599:
2597:
2583:
2577:
2576:
2574:
2572:
2558:
2552:
2551:
2549:
2547:
2532:
2526:
2525:
2523:
2521:
2507:
2501:
2500:
2493:
2487:
2486:
2484:
2482:
2468:
2462:
2451:
2445:
2444:
2434:
2415:10.1037/a0035437
2394:
2385:
2384:
2382:
2380:
2375:on 3 August 2012
2353:
2327:Race and society
2225:
2219:
2213:
2207:
2201:
2196:or Mestizo Day (
2191:
2152:Native Brazilian
2129:Mixed Brazilians
2115:Pardo Brazilians
2106:
2099:
2095:
2092:
2086:
2063:
2055:
1976:José Vasconcelos
1898:Chinese Jamaican
1892:'s mother is of
1736:", which is the
1730:African American
1639:Some Other Race
1580:
1481:
1277:The Sunday Times
1156:Sri Lankan Moors
988:Treaty of Manila
976:Spanish colonies
961:Spanish Filipino
933:Filipino mestizo
828:outrigger canoes
815:Malagasy peoples
668:(in English) or
560:European descent
556:Asian Brazilians
366:African American
321:In terms of race
157:, and the terms
136:
129:
125:
122:
116:
114:
73:
49:
41:
21:
4938:
4937:
4933:
4932:
4931:
4929:
4928:
4927:
4923:Person of color
4903:
4902:
4901:
4896:
4880:
4854:
4781:
4490:
4484:
4450:Wayback Machine
4426:Wayback Machine
4413:Wayback Machine
4376:Advocacy groups
4359:
4354:
4348:
4292:
4270:
4268:
4263:
4259:
4254:
4241:
4239:
4237:
4218:
4213:
4203:
4201:
4197:
4192:
4191:
4187:
4177:
4175:
4174:on 28 July 2014
4166:
4165:
4161:
4151:
4149:
4134:
4133:
4129:
4071:
4067:
4057:
4055:
4048:
4044:
4034:
4032:
4023:
4022:
4018:
4009:
4008:
4004:
3993:
3973:
3969:
3960:
3959:
3955:
3945:
3943:
3942:on 23 July 2015
3934:
3933:
3929:
3919:
3917:
3913:
3903:
3899:
3889:
3887:
3884:
3880:
3879:
3875:
3865:
3863:
3857:
3853:
3839:
3837:
3835:
3827:. p. 211.
3815:
3811:
3801:
3799:
3792:
3786:
3782:
3772:
3770:
3755:
3754:
3750:
3743:
3727:
3726:
3722:
3712:
3710:
3693:
3692:
3688:
3678:
3676:
3667:
3666:
3662:
3652:
3650:
3643:
3639:
3629:
3627:
3622:
3621:
3617:
3607:
3605:
3601:
3600:
3596:
3584:
3582:
3573:
3572:
3561:
3557:
3542:
3538:
3492:
3488:
3469:
3468:
3464:
3452:
3451:
3442:
3441:
3434:
3432:
3421:
3420:
3416:
3409:
3401:. p. 189.
3391:
3387:
3377:
3375:
3370:
3369:
3365:
3355:
3353:
3348:
3347:
3343:
3336:
3308:
3304:
3288:
3287:
3283:
3278:
3274:
3269:
3265:
3255:
3253:
3236:
3232:
3222:
3220:
3207:
3206:
3202:
3189:
3188:
3184:
3174:
3170:
3160:
3158:
3154:
3153:
3149:
3136:
3135:
3131:
3088:
3084:
3074:
3072:
3068:
3057:
3051:
3044:
3036:Gwyn Campbell,
3035:
3028:
3019:
3015:
3002:
3001:
2997:
2978:
2974:
2960:
2958:
2942:
2935:
2928:
2912:
2908:
2901:
2885:
2881:
2870:
2856:South End Press
2846:
2842:
2832:
2830:
2817:
2816:
2812:
2796:on 5 June 2008.
2786:
2782:
2694:Nature Genetics
2685:
2681:
2671:
2669:
2660:
2659:
2655:
2645:
2643:
2635:
2634:
2630:
2620:
2618:
2610:
2609:
2605:
2595:
2593:
2585:
2584:
2580:
2570:
2568:
2560:
2559:
2555:
2545:
2543:
2533:
2529:
2519:
2517:
2509:
2508:
2504:
2495:
2494:
2490:
2480:
2478:
2470:
2469:
2465:
2452:
2448:
2395:
2388:
2378:
2376:
2357:"Definition of
2355:
2354:
2350:
2346:
2341:
2282:
2168:Pardo Brazilian
2121:
2113:Main articles:
2107:
2096:
2090:
2087:
2076:
2064:
2053:
1980:La Raza Cósmica
1926:Native American
1865:
1843:
1835:Main articles:
1833:
1817:Solomon Islands
1757:
1752:
1746:
1649:
1620:Native Hawaiian
1536:binary thinking
1512:
1494:
1488:
1460:, particularly
1383:Native Hawaiian
1367:
1365:Métis in Canada
1361:
1356:
1340:White and Asian
1319:World Champion
1269:Mixed Britannia
1265:
1259:
1248:
1221:
1207:
1202:
1196:
1180:
1148:
1028:, formed 2.4%.
1014:
980:Treaty of Paris
935:
929:
898:
896:Myanmar (Burma)
859:
853:
848:
817:
811:
799:Native Africans
777:
755:
722:For centuries,
692:
686:
648:, specifically
642:
637:
625:
588:Afro-Brazilians
584:white Brazilian
391:
329:
323:
318:
177:, occasionally
137:
126:
120:
117:
74:
72:
62:
50:
39:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
4936:
4926:
4925:
4920:
4915:
4898:
4897:
4895:
4894:
4888:
4886:
4882:
4881:
4879:
4878:
4873:
4868:
4862:
4860:
4856:
4855:
4853:
4852:
4847:
4842:
4837:
4832:
4827:
4822:
4817:
4816:
4815:
4810:
4800:
4795:
4789:
4787:
4783:
4782:
4780:
4779:
4772:
4767:
4762:
4761:
4760:
4753:
4739:
4732:
4727:
4722:
4721:
4720:
4713:
4706:
4694:
4680:
4675:
4670:
4669:
4668:
4654:
4653:
4652:
4640:
4633:
4632:
4631:
4626:
4621:
4616:
4609:
4604:
4597:
4592:
4587:
4582:
4577:
4572:
4567:
4566:
4565:
4550:
4545:
4544:
4543:
4542:
4541:
4536:
4531:
4524:Cape Coloureds
4516:
4509:
4507:Amazonian Jews
4504:
4498:
4496:
4492:
4491:
4483:
4482:
4475:
4468:
4460:
4454:
4453:
4440:
4435:
4429:
4416:
4403:
4397:
4391:
4385:
4378:
4377:
4373:
4372:
4366:
4358:
4357:External links
4355:
4353:
4352:
4347:978-0875654324
4346:
4333:
4304:
4290:
4277:
4260:
4258:
4255:
4253:
4252:
4236:978-0230614246
4235:
4219:
4217:
4214:
4212:
4211:
4185:
4159:
4136:"Adriana Lima"
4127:
4088:(21): 8611–6.
4065:
4042:
4016:
4002:
3991:
3967:
3953:
3927:
3897:
3873:
3851:
3834:978-0470189801
3833:
3809:
3780:
3748:
3742:978-0871546586
3741:
3720:
3686:
3660:
3637:
3615:
3594:
3555:
3536:
3507:(6): 937–943.
3486:
3462:
3414:
3407:
3385:
3363:
3341:
3334:
3302:
3281:
3272:
3263:
3230:
3200:
3182:
3168:
3147:
3129:
3082:
3042:
3026:
3013:
2995:
2972:
2933:
2926:
2906:
2899:
2879:
2868:
2840:
2810:
2801:Globe and Mail
2780:
2708:10.1038/ng1435
2679:
2668:on 27 May 2020
2653:
2641:etymonline.com
2628:
2616:etymonline.com
2603:
2591:etymonline.com
2578:
2566:etymonline.com
2553:
2527:
2515:etymonline.com
2502:
2488:
2476:etymonline.com
2463:
2446:
2409:(3): 336–352.
2386:
2347:
2345:
2342:
2340:
2339:
2334:
2329:
2324:
2319:
2314:
2309:
2304:
2299:
2294:
2289:
2283:
2281:
2278:
2199:Dia do Mestiço
2194:Mixed Race Day
2148:Afro-Brazilian
2127:Proportion of
2109:
2108:
2067:
2065:
2058:
2052:
2049:
1902:Afro-Caribbean
1832:
1829:
1756:
1753:
1745:
1742:
1716:descent and a
1646:
1645:
1641:
1640:
1637:
1634:
1629:
1628:
1627:
1624:
1621:
1616:
1615:
1614:
1611:
1608:
1605:
1602:
1597:
1596:
1595:
1592:
1589:
1586:
1578:
1573:
1572:
1569:
1566:
1563:
1560:Alaskan Native
1552:James P. Allen
1490:Main article:
1487:
1484:
1360:
1357:
1355:
1352:
1332:2001 UK Census
1321:Lewis Hamilton
1301:Naomi Campbell
1282:European Union
1261:Main article:
1258:
1257:United Kingdom
1255:
1247:
1244:
1206:
1203:
1198:Main article:
1195:
1192:
1179:
1176:
1147:
1144:
1013:
1010:
957:Spanish colony
928:
925:
897:
894:
852:
849:
847:
844:
813:Main article:
810:
807:
805:make up 8.1%.
773:Main article:
754:
751:
685:
682:
672:(singular, in
641:
638:
636:
633:
624:
621:
572:copper-colored
552:Imperial times
482:Terms such as
390:
387:
351:were European.
322:
319:
317:
314:
139:
138:
53:
51:
44:
36:Multiracialism
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4935:
4924:
4921:
4919:
4916:
4914:
4911:
4910:
4908:
4893:
4890:
4889:
4887:
4883:
4877:
4874:
4872:
4869:
4867:
4864:
4863:
4861:
4857:
4851:
4848:
4846:
4843:
4841:
4838:
4836:
4833:
4831:
4830:One-drop rule
4828:
4826:
4825:Miscegenation
4823:
4821:
4818:
4814:
4811:
4809:
4806:
4805:
4804:
4801:
4799:
4796:
4794:
4791:
4790:
4788:
4784:
4778:
4777:
4773:
4771:
4768:
4766:
4763:
4759:
4758:
4754:
4752:
4751:
4747:
4746:
4745:
4744:
4740:
4738:
4737:
4733:
4731:
4728:
4726:
4723:
4719:
4718:
4714:
4712:
4711:
4707:
4705:
4704:
4700:
4699:
4698:
4695:
4692:
4691:
4686:
4685:
4681:
4679:
4676:
4674:
4671:
4667:
4666:
4662:
4661:
4660:
4659:
4655:
4651:
4648:
4647:
4646:
4645:
4641:
4639:
4638:
4634:
4630:
4627:
4625:
4622:
4620:
4617:
4615:
4614:
4610:
4608:
4605:
4603:
4602:
4598:
4596:
4593:
4591:
4588:
4586:
4583:
4581:
4578:
4576:
4573:
4571:
4570:Anglo-Burmese
4568:
4564:
4563:
4559:
4558:
4557:
4554:
4553:
4551:
4549:
4546:
4540:
4537:
4535:
4532:
4530:
4527:
4526:
4525:
4522:
4521:
4520:
4517:
4515:
4514:
4510:
4508:
4505:
4503:
4500:
4499:
4497:
4493:
4488:
4481:
4476:
4474:
4469:
4467:
4462:
4461:
4458:
4451:
4447:
4444:
4441:
4439:
4436:
4433:
4430:
4427:
4423:
4420:
4419:Mixed Race UK
4417:
4414:
4410:
4407:
4404:
4401:
4398:
4395:
4392:
4389:
4386:
4383:
4380:
4379:
4375:
4374:
4370:
4367:
4364:
4361:
4360:
4349:
4343:
4339:
4334:
4330:
4326:
4322:
4318:
4314:
4310:
4305:
4301:
4297:
4293:
4287:
4283:
4278:
4266:
4262:
4261:
4249:
4238:
4232:
4228:
4227:
4221:
4220:
4195:
4189:
4173:
4169:
4163:
4147:
4143:
4142:
4137:
4131:
4123:
4119:
4114:
4109:
4104:
4099:
4095:
4091:
4087:
4083:
4082:
4077:
4069:
4053:
4046:
4030:
4026:
4020:
4012:
4006:
3998:
3994:
3988:
3984:
3980:
3979:
3971:
3963:
3957:
3941:
3937:
3931:
3912:
3908:
3901:
3883:
3877:
3862:
3855:
3847:
3836:
3830:
3826:
3822:
3821:
3813:
3798:
3791:
3784:
3769:
3765:
3764:
3758:
3752:
3744:
3738:
3734:
3730:
3724:
3708:
3704:
3700:
3696:
3690:
3674:
3670:
3664:
3648:
3641:
3625:
3619:
3604:
3598:
3590:
3577:
3570:
3566:
3559:
3551:
3547:
3540:
3532:
3528:
3523:
3518:
3514:
3510:
3506:
3502:
3498:
3490:
3482:
3478:
3477:
3472:
3466:
3458:
3446:
3430:
3426:
3425:
3418:
3410:
3404:
3400:
3396:
3389:
3373:
3367:
3351:
3345:
3337:
3331:
3327:
3323:
3319:
3315:
3314:
3306:
3299:
3295:
3291:
3285:
3276:
3267:
3251:
3247:
3246:
3241:
3234:
3218:
3214:
3210:
3204:
3196:
3192:
3186:
3180:
3179:
3172:
3157:
3151:
3143:
3139:
3133:
3125:
3121:
3117:
3113:
3109:
3105:
3101:
3097:
3093:
3086:
3067:
3063:
3056:
3049:
3047:
3039:
3033:
3031:
3023:
3017:
3009:
3005:
2999:
2991:
2987:
2983:
2976:
2969:
2957:
2953:
2952:
2947:
2940:
2938:
2929:
2923:
2919:
2918:
2910:
2902:
2896:
2892:
2891:
2883:
2875:
2871:
2865:
2861:
2857:
2853:
2852:
2844:
2828:
2824:
2820:
2814:
2807:
2803:
2802:
2798:(quoted from
2795:
2791:
2784:
2776:
2772:
2767:
2762:
2757:
2752:
2748:
2744:
2740:
2736:
2735:
2730:
2723:
2718:
2714:
2709:
2704:
2700:
2696:
2695:
2690:
2683:
2667:
2663:
2657:
2642:
2638:
2632:
2617:
2613:
2607:
2592:
2588:
2582:
2567:
2563:
2557:
2542:
2538:
2531:
2516:
2512:
2506:
2498:
2492:
2477:
2473:
2467:
2460:
2456:
2450:
2442:
2438:
2433:
2428:
2424:
2420:
2416:
2412:
2408:
2404:
2400:
2393:
2391:
2374:
2370:
2366:
2362:
2360:
2352:
2348:
2338:
2335:
2333:
2330:
2328:
2325:
2323:
2320:
2318:
2315:
2313:
2310:
2308:
2305:
2303:
2302:One-drop rule
2300:
2298:
2295:
2293:
2290:
2288:
2285:
2284:
2277:
2275:
2269:
2265:
2262:
2258:
2257:
2252:
2248:
2244:
2240:
2239:
2234:
2233:
2227:
2224:
2218:
2212:
2206:
2200:
2195:
2190:
2185:
2181:
2177:
2169:
2165:
2161:
2157:
2153:
2149:
2145:
2141:
2137:
2130:
2125:
2120:
2116:
2105:
2102:
2094:
2091:November 2009
2084:
2080:
2074:
2073:
2068:This section
2066:
2062:
2057:
2056:
2048:
2046:
2042:
2038:
2034:
2030:
2026:
2022:
2021:
2016:
2012:
2008:
2004:
2000:
1996:
1991:
1989:
1986:ex-president
1985:
1981:
1977:
1972:
1970:
1966:
1962:
1958:
1954:
1950:
1945:
1943:
1939:
1933:
1931:
1927:
1923:
1922:Latin America
1919:
1911:
1907:
1906:Sephardic Jew
1903:
1899:
1895:
1891:
1887:
1884:
1880:
1873:
1869:
1864:
1863:Dougla people
1860:
1856:
1852:
1848:
1842:
1838:
1828:
1826:
1822:
1818:
1814:
1809:
1805:
1802:and parts of
1801:
1797:
1792:
1790:
1786:
1782:
1778:
1774:
1768:
1766:
1761:
1751:
1741:
1739:
1735:
1731:
1727:
1723:
1719:
1715:
1711:
1707:
1702:
1699:
1695:
1689:
1687:
1683:
1682:
1676:
1672:
1668:
1661:
1657:
1653:
1644:
1638:
1635:
1632:
1631:
1630:
1625:
1622:
1619:
1618:
1617:
1612:
1609:
1606:
1603:
1600:
1599:
1598:
1593:
1590:
1587:
1584:
1583:
1582:
1581:
1577:
1570:
1567:
1564:
1561:
1557:
1556:
1555:
1553:
1550:According to
1548:
1544:
1542:
1537:
1532:
1527:
1525:
1524:United States
1516:
1511:
1507:
1503:
1499:
1493:
1486:United States
1483:
1480:
1475:
1471:
1467:
1463:
1459:
1455:
1451:
1446:
1444:
1440:
1436:
1431:
1429:
1425:
1424:white-Chinese
1421:
1417:
1413:
1403:
1396:
1392:
1388:
1384:
1380:
1376:
1371:
1366:
1354:North America
1351:
1349:
1345:
1341:
1337:
1333:
1328:
1326:
1322:
1318:
1314:
1310:
1306:
1302:
1298:
1294:
1290:
1285:
1283:
1279:
1278:
1272:
1270:
1264:
1254:
1252:
1251:Romani people
1243:
1241:
1237:
1233:
1229:
1225:
1220:
1216:
1215:Afro-Iranians
1212:
1201:
1191:
1189:
1185:
1175:
1172:
1167:
1164:
1159:
1157:
1153:
1143:
1141:
1137:
1133:
1129:
1124:
1120:
1116:
1112:
1108:
1104:
1100:
1095:
1093:
1089:
1085:
1080:
1078:
1074:
1070:
1066:
1062:
1058:
1054:
1050:
1046:
1042:
1038:
1034:
1029:
1027:
1023:
1019:
1009:
1007:
1002:
1000:
996:
991:
989:
985:
981:
977:
973:
968:
966:
962:
958:
954:
946:
945:
939:
934:
924:
922:
918:
914:
910:
909:Anglo-Burmese
906:
905:Anglo-Burmese
902:
892:
888:
886:
882:
877:
874:
870:
866:
864:
858:
843:
839:
837:
833:
829:
825:
821:
816:
806:
804:
800:
796:
795:
789:
786:
782:
776:
768:
764:
759:
750:
747:
745:
741:
737:
733:
729:
725:
720:
718:
714:
710:
706:
702:
698:
691:
681:
679:
675:
671:
667:
663:
659:
655:
651:
647:
632:
630:
620:
618:
614:
610:
605:
604:
599:
598:
597:miscegenation
592:
589:
585:
581:
577:
573:
569:
565:
561:
557:
553:
548:
546:
545:
540:
539:
533:
531:
526:
521:
519:
515:
511:
507:
503:
499:
498:
493:
492:Latin America
489:
485:
480:
478:
477:First Nations
474:
470:
466:
462:
458:
457:
452:
448:
447:
442:
438:
434:
430:
429:
424:
423:
418:
414:
413:
408:
407:
402:
401:
396:
389:Related terms
385:
383:
379:
375:
371:
367:
363:
356:
352:
347:
345:
340:
337:
333:
328:
313:
311:
307:
303:
302:Latin America
299:
298:North America
294:
292:
288:
287:
282:
281:
276:
275:
270:
269:
264:
263:
258:
254:
253:
248:
244:
243:
238:
237:
232:
231:
226:
225:
220:
219:
214:
213:
208:
207:
202:
201:
196:
192:
191:
186:
185:
180:
176:
172:
168:
164:
160:
156:
155:
150:
146:
135:
132:
124:
113:
110:
106:
103:
99:
96:
92:
89:
85:
82: –
81:
77:
76:Find sources:
70:
66:
60:
59:
54:This article
52:
48:
43:
42:
37:
33:
19:
4798:Ethnogenesis
4774:
4755:
4748:
4741:
4735:
4715:
4708:
4701:
4689:
4682:
4663:
4657:
4642:
4635:
4611:
4599:
4575:Anglo-Indian
4560:
4512:
4486:
4337:
4312:
4308:
4281:
4269:. Retrieved
4248:Google Books
4246:– via
4240:. Retrieved
4225:
4216:Bibliography
4202:. Retrieved
4188:
4176:. Retrieved
4172:the original
4162:
4150:. Retrieved
4146:the original
4139:
4130:
4085:
4079:
4068:
4056:. Retrieved
4045:
4033:. Retrieved
4029:the original
4019:
4005:
3997:Google Books
3995:– via
3983:Policy Press
3977:
3970:
3956:
3944:. Retrieved
3940:the original
3930:
3918:. Retrieved
3911:the original
3900:
3890:25 September
3888:. Retrieved
3876:
3864:. Retrieved
3854:
3846:Google Books
3844:– via
3838:. Retrieved
3819:
3812:
3800:. Retrieved
3783:
3771:. Retrieved
3760:
3751:
3728:
3723:
3711:. Retrieved
3707:the original
3698:
3689:
3677:. Retrieved
3673:the original
3663:
3651:. Retrieved
3640:
3628:. Retrieved
3618:
3608:25 September
3606:. Retrieved
3597:
3585:|title=
3568:
3564:
3558:
3545:
3539:
3504:
3500:
3489:
3481:the original
3474:
3465:
3433:. Retrieved
3429:the original
3423:
3417:
3394:
3388:
3376:. Retrieved
3366:
3354:. Retrieved
3344:
3312:
3305:
3297:
3293:
3284:
3275:
3266:
3254:. Retrieved
3250:the original
3243:
3233:
3221:. Retrieved
3217:the original
3212:
3203:
3195:the original
3185:
3177:
3171:
3159:. Retrieved
3150:
3141:
3132:
3099:
3095:
3085:
3073:. Retrieved
3066:the original
3061:
3037:
3021:
3016:
3007:
2998:
2981:
2975:
2968:ivory tower.
2966:
2959:. Retrieved
2949:
2916:
2909:
2889:
2882:
2874:Google Books
2872:– via
2850:
2843:
2831:. Retrieved
2827:the original
2822:
2813:
2805:
2799:
2794:the original
2783:
2738:
2732:
2720:
2698:
2692:
2682:
2670:. Retrieved
2666:the original
2656:
2644:. Retrieved
2640:
2631:
2619:. Retrieved
2615:
2606:
2594:. Retrieved
2590:
2581:
2569:. Retrieved
2565:
2556:
2544:. Retrieved
2540:
2530:
2518:. Retrieved
2514:
2505:
2491:
2479:. Retrieved
2475:
2466:
2454:
2449:
2406:
2402:
2377:. Retrieved
2373:the original
2364:
2358:
2351:
2332:Race traitor
2270:
2266:
2260:
2254:
2250:
2246:
2242:
2236:
2230:
2228:
2173:
2140:Adriana Lima
2097:
2088:
2077:Please help
2072:verification
2069:
2018:
1992:
1973:
1946:
1934:
1915:
1823:, Samoa and
1793:
1769:
1758:
1720:father from
1706:Barack Obama
1703:
1694:Assimilation
1690:
1679:
1664:
1656:Barack Obama
1642:
1633:Other Asian
1594:Asian Indian
1574:
1549:
1545:
1528:
1521:
1447:
1432:
1427:
1423:
1419:
1411:
1408:
1375:Keanu Reeves
1347:
1343:
1339:
1335:
1329:
1286:
1275:
1273:
1268:
1266:
1249:
1236:Central Asia
1228:Persian Gulf
1222:
1181:
1168:
1160:
1149:
1128:Sino-natives
1096:
1081:
1030:
1015:
1003:
999:Angeles City
992:
969:
950:
942:
899:
890:
885:Anglo-Indian
878:
873:British Rule
867:
860:
840:
824:Austronesian
818:
792:
790:
781:South Africa
778:
767:South Africa
765:family from
753:South Africa
748:
736:Central Asia
728:Persian Gulf
721:
693:
684:North Africa
677:
669:
643:
626:
616:
612:
608:
603:amalgamation
601:
595:
593:
575:
549:
542:
536:
534:
524:
522:
514:Brass Ankles
501:
495:
487:
483:
481:
454:
450:
444:
436:
432:
426:
420:
415:are used in
410:
404:
398:
392:
358:
354:
349:
341:
335:
330:
295:
284:
278:
272:
266:
260:
256:
250:
246:
240:
234:
228:
222:
216:
210:
204:
198:
194:
188:
182:
178:
174:
170:
162:
158:
153:
148:
144:
142:
127:
121:January 2020
118:
108:
101:
94:
87:
75:
63:Please help
58:verification
55:
4820:Melting pot
4730:Mixed-blood
4619:Luso-Asians
4613:Luk khrueng
4487:Multiracial
4369:ProjectRACE
4242:10 December
4152:28 November
4141:Vogue Paris
4052:"Sean Paul"
3453:|work=
3435:24 December
3213:stripes.com
2562:"Melungeon"
2361:in English"
2359:multiracial
2292:Melting pot
2160:West Indian
2003:East Indian
1995:West Indies
1988:Hugo Chávez
1953:Puerto Rico
1726:White House
1698:integration
1562:: 7,015,017
1529:Mixed-race
1420:white-black
1348:Other Mixed
1317:Formula One
1166:and Irish.
984:sovereignty
965:Fedor Jagor
953:Philippines
927:Philippines
917:New Zealand
666:half-castes
646:East Africa
617:multiracial
382:Census 2000
344:Troy Duster
316:Definitions
252:sambo/zambo
171:multiethnic
167:ethnicities
18:Multiracial
4907:Categories
4585:Dutch Indo
4552:Eurasians
4502:Afro-Asian
3920:9 November
3773:30 January
3653:8 December
3567:. London.
3548:. Durham:
3223:22 October
2858:. p.
2833:30 October
2637:"Eurasian"
2587:"Quadroon"
2379:2 December
2344:References
2176:Brazilians
2144:Portuguese
2047:heritage.
2025:Amerindian
1984:Venezuelan
1940:-speaking
1872:Bob Marley
1845:See also:
1804:Vanua Levu
1796:sugar cane
1781:Bangladesh
1750:Euronesian
1748:See also:
1701:together.
1671:California
1613:Vietnamese
1502:Melungeons
1454:Aboriginal
1428:white-Arab
1391:Portuguese
1363:See also:
1240:Arab world
1219:Afro Turks
931:See also:
855:See also:
820:Madagascar
809:Madagascar
740:Arab world
709:Mauritania
609:mixed-race
558:with some
506:Melungeons
497:Half-breed
325:See also:
212:half-caste
175:polyethnic
143:The terms
91:newspapers
4871:Diasporas
4678:Melungeon
4644:Hùnxuě'ér
4556:Amerasian
4519:Coloureds
4432:Mosaic UK
4329:145262347
3840:1 January
3576:cite news
3455:ignored (
3445:cite book
3399:Routledge
3378:30 August
3356:30 August
3161:15 August
3116:0737-4038
2984:: 68–90.
2722:studies."
2511:"Mestizo"
2423:1099-9809
1890:Sean Paul
1886:dancehall
1800:Viti Levu
1531:Americans
1289:Caribbean
1274:In 2000,
1211:Afro-Arab
1205:West Asia
1200:Hùnxuě'ér
1152:Sri Lanka
1146:Sri Lanka
1026:Eurasians
1022:Chindians
1018:Singapore
995:Amerasian
913:Australia
794:Coloureds
775:Coloureds
761:Extended
690:Afro-Arab
678:wachotara
629:ethnicity
530:apartheid
310:mulattoes
291:offensive
236:Melungeon
179:bi-ethnic
4885:See also
4765:Quadroon
4757:mameluco
4665:caiçaras
4650:Chindian
4629:Topasses
4624:Macanese
4607:Kristang
4446:Archived
4422:Archived
4409:Archived
4122:19433783
3866:26 April
3735:. 2005.
3531:26374132
3124:19535740
2717:15508000
2672:23 March
2546:10 March
2441:25045946
2280:See also
2243:mameluco
2220:or dark-
2214:: light-
2164:Japanese
2033:European
2015:Suriname
1942:Americas
1910:Portugal
1883:Jamaican
1777:Pakistan
1738:Hawaiian
1673:and the
1607:Japanese
1604:Filipino
1466:Scottish
1458:European
1397:descent.
1305:Jamaican
1238:and the
1232:Anatolia
1163:Burghers
1140:Mandarin
1065:Buddhist
1045:Chindian
1033:Malaysia
919:and the
883:defines
763:Coloured
738:and the
732:Anatolia
658:Tanzania
613:biracial
525:Coloured
510:Redbones
441:Japanese
306:mestizos
274:Garifuna
257:Eurasian
247:octoroon
242:quadroon
218:ʻafakasi
200:Coloured
190:Muwallad
4845:Plaçage
4840:Passing
4803:Exogamy
4786:History
4770:Sacatra
4750:caboclo
4736:mulatos
4703:castizo
4697:Mestizo
4684:mestiço
4673:Marabou
4658:juçaras
4580:Burgher
4562:Bụi đời
4534:Griquas
4529:Basters
4300:7001196
4271:14 July
4257:Sources
4204:14 July
4113:2680428
4090:Bibcode
4058:14 July
4035:22 July
3946:23 July
3713:14 July
3522:4867443
3256:20 June
3075:25 June
2961:10 July
2806:RaceSci
2775:9114021
2743:Bibcode
2725:citing
2612:"Sambo"
2432:4106007
2317:Plaçage
2261:brancos
2238:caboclo
2232:mulatto
2192:). The
2189:mestiço
2037:Chinese
2020:douglas
1969:mestizo
1938:Spanish
1930:Spanish
1918:Mestizo
1894:English
1888:artist
1859:Mulatto
1847:Mestizo
1821:Vanuatu
1785:Myanmar
1765:Tongans
1744:Oceania
1714:English
1601:Chinese
1522:In the
1479:miscēre
1462:English
1439:slavery
1416:Toronto
1395:Chinese
1379:English
1309:African
1293:African
1224:Ottoman
1178:Vietnam
1136:English
1107:Chinese
1103:Sarawak
1088:Malacca
1079:faith.
1077:Islamic
1041:Indians
1037:Chinese
947:, 1734.
901:Myanmar
705:Algeria
701:Morocco
697:Haratin
674:Swahili
670:chotara
580:African
576:caboclo
566:". But
488:mestizo
484:mulatto
451:mulâtre
446:mestiço
428:caboclo
417:Spanish
412:mestizo
393:In the
224:mestizo
105:scholar
4776:sarará
4717:coyote
4690:ainoko
4548:Dougla
4539:Oorlam
4513:cafuzo
4489:topics
4344:
4327:
4298:
4288:
4233:
4178:7 July
4120:
4110:
3989:
3831:
3739:
3630:10 May
3529:
3519:
3405:
3332:
3122:
3114:
2924:
2897:
2866:
2773:
2763:
2715:
2646:6 July
2621:6 July
2596:6 July
2571:6 July
2520:6 July
2481:6 July
2439:
2429:
2421:
2251:ainoko
2247:cafuzo
2223:moreno
2217:moreno
2211:moreno
2142:is of
2051:Brazil
2045:Jewish
2029:Latino
2011:Guyana
1965:Mexico
1961:Panama
1949:Mexico
1861:, and
1813:Tuvalu
1808:Samoan
1643:
1626:Samoan
1610:Korean
1508:, and
1474:French
1377:is of
1359:Canada
1246:Europe
1217:, and
1123:Bisaya
1092:Tamils
1084:Chitty
1069:Taoist
1057:Muslim
1053:Malays
1049:Indian
955:was a
783:, the
717:Berber
707:, and
650:Uganda
640:Africa
518:Mayles
502:Mestee
467:, the
465:Canada
461:French
443:) and
439:(from
437:ainoko
433:cafuzo
422:mulato
400:Mulato
376:; and
286:Gurans
283:, and
206:Dougla
195:Melezi
107:
100:
93:
86:
78:
4859:Lists
4743:pardo
4725:Métis
4710:cholo
4495:Terms
4443:Swirl
4325:S2CID
4198:(PDF)
3914:(DOC)
3885:(PDF)
3802:8 May
3793:(PDF)
3761:2006
3679:5 May
3069:(PDF)
3058:(PDF)
2766:20754
2541:LAist
2205:pardo
2180:pardo
2156:Swiss
1908:from
1855:Zambo
1851:Pardo
1841:Casta
1773:India
1722:Kenya
1585:White
1470:Irish
1450:Métis
1387:Irish
1325:mixed
1313:Asian
1297:Asian
1194:China
1132:Malay
1115:Dusun
1111:Murut
1099:Sabah
1061:Hindu
851:India
832:Bantu
654:Kenya
564:pardo
544:Casta
538:zambo
532:era.
469:Métis
456:métis
406:zambo
374:Asian
280:pardo
184:Métis
154:races
112:JSTOR
98:books
4637:Hapa
4601:Hāfu
4384:, US
4342:ISBN
4296:OCLC
4286:ISBN
4273:2008
4244:2014
4231:ISBN
4206:2008
4180:2015
4154:2017
4118:PMID
4060:2008
4037:2013
3987:ISBN
3948:2015
3922:2008
3892:2019
3868:2011
3842:2015
3829:ISBN
3804:2008
3775:2008
3737:ISBN
3715:2008
3681:2010
3655:2010
3632:2008
3610:2019
3589:help
3527:PMID
3476:Time
3457:help
3437:2008
3403:ISBN
3380:2007
3358:2007
3330:ISBN
3258:2007
3245:Time
3225:2017
3163:2012
3120:PMID
3112:ISSN
3077:2018
2963:2021
2922:ISBN
2895:ISBN
2864:ISBN
2835:2009
2771:PMID
2713:PMID
2674:2020
2648:2020
2623:2020
2598:2020
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