Knowledge

Moru people

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114:(CMS) of England, and his wife Eileen began working in South Sudan in 1920 to improve access to health care, establish churches, and improve education. Fraser organized the establishment of a hospital at Lui and developed a program that trained and equipped medical workers to provide medical care under his direction at the hospital. Leper colonies were created under his direction. He trained teachers and evangelists to serve schools and churches that were established in Moruland along main roads. The buildings also operated as dispensaries. The benefits have included a good quality of education for the Moru people and reform of some harmful indigenous practices and customs. 99: 243: 260:
Drumming, dancing and singing in Moru society are related to the three seasons. The correlation between the drumming, dancing and singing, the three seasonal periods, and general physical and economic welfare of the people, is one of the most interesting features of the Moru society. From January to April, food is abundant, the people are healthy, physical labour is very little, and there is a great deal or idle time. During this time, the dance performed is called
325: 191: 288:. With the peoples' strength sapped by the heavy labours and the assumed or real scarcity of food, the movements or this dance begin slow in relation to the rhythm or the songs which is also slow. The movements progress to Ngala when the movements and steps become considerably quicker and faster. 259:
Between and during economic activities, the Moru spend a lot of time on other cultural pursuits which are of non-economic values. Predominant among the many cultural and social activities are dancing and singing. Both of these activities serve as recreation and realization of cultural values.
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Contact with the wild bush is important, and many of the relishes are obtained from wild sources. Hunting and fishing are important economic and social activities. Other wild foods include vegetables, wild fruit, fungi and insects, especially termites. The bush is also the source of building
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SHARLAND, Roger.W. (1994)"Understanding weeds in a subsistence society â€“ Moru perception of herb species in the garden." pp.;191–211 in AHMED, M.M.M. (ed) Indigenous Farming Systems, Knowledge and Practices in the Sudan. Institute of African and Asian studies, University of Khartoum,
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Province. It is between 4°N and 6°N of Equator and 29°E and 31°E. There are five main divisions of the Moru, namely: Miza; Ägyi; MoroĂ€ndri; Kediro and 'Bari'ba, who each live in a distinct area and have their own dialectical differences. Other partial divisions can also be recognised.
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Settlement is in extended family groups surrounded by their gardens. These families are linked together into clans under headmen and sub-chiefs, but there are few physical concentrations of villages. The term village is generally used to describe the people who relate to one centre.
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are harps which play important roles in Moru society. They serve as recreation and realization of cultural values. They particularly play a role during engagement between males and females. They are also used as important instruments for covering long distances and entertainment.
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that has been dried. It has a spherical body and narrow tapering neck with rounded end that serves as the instrument's handle. It is filled with a number of medium-sized seeds, normally okra, inserted through a circular hole cut into the centre of the top, and then resealed.
239:, pumpkins and various green vegetables. Livestock are kept mainly on the northern and eastern sides of the district. The most commonly kept animals are sheep and goats. Poultry are kept by most households. The number of cattle has increased during the last two decades. 251:
materials, fuel and fibres. The traditional way of cultivation is for close relatives to cultivate together in one area. This is traditionally called a KĂ€tiri, and is traditionally made of segments divided round a central marker such as a large tree or ant hill.
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SHARLAND, Roger.W. (1989) Using Indigenous Knowledge in Relation to Subsistence Sector Extension: Interaction between the Agricultural and Wild Environments in Moru Agriculture in Southern Sudan. PhD Thesis AERDD, Reading
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SHARLAND, Roger.W. (1989) Using Indigenous Knowledge in Relation to Subsistence Sector Extension: Interaction between the Agricultural and Wild Environments in Moru Agriculture in Southern Sudan. PhD Thesis AERDD, Reading
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Most families are subsistence farmers depending on rain fed agriculture to produce food for their families. Any surplus may be sold for cash or bartered for products that cannot be produced locally. The staple crop is
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EATON-EVANS, M.J. (1981) Nutrition survey Report. Mundri District. Nov 1980-July 1981. Project Development Unit, Ministry of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Southern Region, Democratic Republic of the
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KAYANGA, Samuel E. (1998) ‘A Vision of Family: Elizabeta William and Early Women’s Ministry amongst the Moru.’ p. 108-117 in WHEELER, Andrew (ed) Announcing the Light: Sudanese Witnesses to the Gospel.
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Stenger, S.J. (1969) "The Congo Free State and the Belgian Congo before 1910", in Colonialism in Africa, 1870-1960, vol. 1, (ed. Gavin, L.H. & Duignan, P.) Cambridge University Press: Cambridge.
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SHARLAND, Roger.W. (1989) Indigenous Knowledge and Technical Change in a Subsistence Society; Lessons from the Moru of Sudan. ODI Agricultural Administration Network Paper No.9. London, ODI.
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KAYANGA, Samuel E. (1998) ‘Faith, Integrity and Freedom: Elinana Jabi Ngalamu (1917-1992).’ p. 230-252 in WHEELER, Andrew (ed) Announcing the Light: Sudanese Witnesses to the Gospel.
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KAYANGA, Samuel E. (1998) ‘Son of the Soil;– Man of God: Andarea Apaya (1908-1966).’ p. 98–107 in WHEELER, Andrew (ed) Announcing the Light: Sudanese Witnesses to the Gospel.
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SHARLAND, Roger.W. (1991) "Trees in the garden: Interaction between the wild and agricultural domains in practice among the Moru of the Southern Sudan" in Unasylva vol. 42 No.164.
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LAWIRI, E.B. (1987) The Growth of the Church in Moru Country. Moru Literacy Project, Mundri, Sudan. He set the Christian foundation through his work in Lui.
649: 312:. The movements which are involved reflect the great health and strength which the people have just acquired as a result of eating freshly harvested crops. 1088: 539:
DAVISON, R.A. (1982) Mundri agriculture Development District Exploratory Soil Survey. RMANR Planning Dept Report No 31. Booker Agric International Ltd.
178:. The Moru have received the most attention in the past and Moru Miza was the vernacular used in education and the church throughout the district. 440: 390:
Sharland, R. W. (1998) "Kenneth Grant Fraser: Mission, Evangelism and Development among the Moru.", in PIERLI, F., M.T. RATTI & A.C. WHEELER
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Recently harvested sorghum drying on a raised platform. Sorghum is the main staple and there are a number of different varieties grown together.
159: 40: 1093: 272:‘the mother drum’), the medium size drum is called Ruma, from which the dance takes its name, and the two small high pitched drums are called 163: 1126: 546:
ELIAS, Scopas.M. (1987) Taoye Opi Moru Ro Kyeno Kayi Ro. (Behaviour of the Past Moru Chiefs) Moru Literature Committee â€“ Juba.
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CATFORD, J.R. (1953) ‘The Introduction of Cotton as a cash crop in the Maridi area of Equatoria.’ Sudan Notes and Records. Vol 34.
414: 276:‘Children of the Drum’. From May to August, when there is a great deal of agricultural economic activities, the dancing is called 1534: 1119: 558:
FELKIN, W. (1883) 'Notes on the Madi or Moru Tribe.' Proceedings of the Royal Society of Edinburgh. 12. pp. 303–353.
170:. Although they are often erroneously classified as Moru they form a distinct language group, more closely related to the 1193: 685: 328:
A rattle called gara is used by women in church or at dances. It is made from a particular gourd filled with okra seeds.
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ELIAS, Scopas MĂ€gyĂ€. (1996) Longo Moru ro Madrasa ya;– Moru school song book. Summer Institute of Linguistics
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CATFORD, J.R. (1951) ‘KĂ€tiri Cultivation in the Moru District of Equatoria’. Sudan Notes and Records Vol 32.
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NALDER, L.F. (1937) A tribal survey of Mongalla Province. OUP for the International Institute, London.
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SURAYA Issa. (2023). Things Your Domestic Workers would love to tell you—But Will not: cleaners tell all
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dances are infrequent and do not last a complete night. From September to December the dance is called
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NALDER, L.F. (1936) Equatorial Province Handbook. Vol 1. Mongalla; Sudan Government Memoranda No 4.
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SELIGMAN, C.G. & B.Z. (1932) Pagan Tribes of the Nilotic Sudan. London. Routledge & Sons.
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ELIAS, Scopas MÀgyÀ. (1996) Canon Ezra: My best friend in Sudan. Summer Institute of Linguistics
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RMANR (1983) Mundri Smallholder Survey Report â€“ Report No 55 â€“ Planning Dept RMANR
111: 76: 67:, raids by slavers from the North. It was loosely part of the Ottoman-Egyptian province of 1203: 561:
FRASER, K.G. (1926) 'Witchcraft and Healing in the Moru Tribe.' in The Mission Hospital.
107: 44: 8: 1293: 1198: 927: 805: 520: 418: 150:, South Sudan. Mundri County is located in Central Western part of Equatoria Region in 897: 657: 760: 690: 555:
EVANS-PRITCHARD, E.E. (1938) 'A note on rain makers of the Moro clan' - MAN XXXVIII
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SURAYA, Issa .(2012) Odragba's legend: A tale from the Republic of South Sudan
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FURULÄ, John Barayona. (1988) Moru Cultural Dance. Moru Literature Project, Juba.
264:. The number of drums used during this dance is four. The biggest drum is called 1413: 1378: 1373: 1368: 1288: 892: 790: 780: 770: 110:, a physician and missionary for the Gordon Memorial Sudan Mission (GMSM) of the 98: 413:
James Lomole Simeon, Esq., Chancellor of the Diocese of Khartoum, Sudan (2003).
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SURAYA, Issa .(2012) Odragba's legend: A tale from the Republic of South Sudan
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SURAYA, Issa. (2012) When God When God left: collections of short poems
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cluster, which includes the Beli, Sopi, Mödö, Nyamusa, Wira, Biti and
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SURAYA Issa. (2019) Being true to yourself: Are you a loyal friend?
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is used by women in church or at dances. It is made from a small
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Using the traditional Moru hoe to clear a field ready for planting
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The clearest communal historical narratives are of attacks by the
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SURAYA, Issa. (2012) When God left: collections of short poems
521:"Moru Misa rattle (1979.20.11) from the Southern Sudan Project" 204: 139: 102:
Patients at Lui hospital in 1923, having been wounded by lions.
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SURAYA Issa. (2023). (Princess Nora and the Pigeon: Season 1
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Gateway to the Heart of Africa: Missionary Pioneers in Sudan
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The Moru, who belong to the ethnic group which includes the
1358: 785: 417:. Dictionary of African Christian Biography. Archived from 236: 135: 615:
TINGWA, Peter O. The History of the Moru Church in Sudan.
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MORU LITERACY PROGRAMME . (2007) Moru–English Dictionary.
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which is grown in various field types in association with
296:. The number of drums used is five. They consist of one 63:, particularly those that drove them onto Odo hill near 453:
TUCKER, A.N. (1940) The Eastern Sudanic Languages. OUP
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The Doctor comes to Lui: A story of beginning in Sudan
280:. The number of drums used during this dance is one 1545:
Ethnic groups in the Democratic Republic of the Congo
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Ethnic groups in the Democratic Republic of the Congo
606:SURAYA Issa. (2022). What Does Trust Mean To You? 415:"Fraser, Kenneth, 1877 to 1935, Episcopal, Sudan" 43:(ECS). The Pioneer missionary in the area was Dr 1521: 1141: 146:, live in the southern part of Mundri County, 1127: 634: 439:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list ( 1134: 1120: 641: 627: 323: 241: 189: 97: 1522: 319: 83:. The Moru area was then part of the 1115: 622: 308:) and three small high-pitched drums 35:. Many members of this ethnicity are 41:Episcopal Church of the South Sudan 13: 14: 1556: 381:, Wayman & sons Ltd.: London 513: 504: 495: 485: 117: 87:, in the far north east of the 476: 466: 456: 447: 406: 397: 384: 371: 362: 185: 33:Central South Sudanic language 1: 356: 316:is the harvest season dance. 219:. Other important crops are 1535:Ethnic groups in South Sudan 1143:Ethnic groups in South Sudan 144:Democratic Republic of Congo 39:, most being members of the 7: 10: 1561: 530: 254: 54: 1149: 1076: 656: 112:Church Missionary Society 49:Church Missionary Society 1530:Central Sudanic peoples 268:(sometimes also called 23:. Most of them live in 329: 247: 195: 103: 19:is an ethnic group of 327: 245: 193: 158:The northern part of 101: 77:Charles George Gordon 421:on November 20, 2008 162:is inhabited by the 108:Kenneth Grant Fraser 45:Kenneth Grant Fraser 320:Musical Instruments 95:from 1894 to 1910. 377:Fraser, E. (1938) 330: 248: 196: 104: 71:, administered by 1540:Western Equatoria 1517: 1516: 1109: 1108: 152:Western Equatoria 148:Western Equatoria 25:Western Equatoria 1552: 1136: 1129: 1122: 1113: 1112: 643: 636: 629: 620: 619: 525: 524: 517: 511: 508: 502: 499: 493: 489: 483: 480: 474: 470: 464: 460: 454: 451: 445: 444: 438: 430: 428: 426: 410: 404: 401: 395: 388: 382: 375: 369: 366: 344:A rattle called 89:Congo Free State 73:Sir Samuel Baker 1560: 1559: 1555: 1554: 1553: 1551: 1550: 1549: 1520: 1519: 1518: 1513: 1145: 1140: 1110: 1105: 1072: 771:Great Lakes Twa 652: 647: 533: 528: 519: 518: 514: 509: 505: 500: 496: 490: 486: 481: 477: 471: 467: 461: 457: 452: 448: 432: 431: 424: 422: 411: 407: 402: 398: 389: 385: 376: 372: 367: 363: 359: 322: 304:(also known as 257: 188: 120: 57: 12: 11: 5: 1558: 1548: 1547: 1542: 1537: 1532: 1515: 1514: 1512: 1511: 1506: 1501: 1496: 1491: 1486: 1481: 1476: 1471: 1466: 1461: 1456: 1451: 1446: 1441: 1436: 1431: 1426: 1421: 1416: 1411: 1406: 1401: 1396: 1391: 1386: 1381: 1376: 1371: 1366: 1361: 1356: 1351: 1346: 1341: 1336: 1331: 1326: 1321: 1316: 1311: 1306: 1301: 1296: 1291: 1286: 1281: 1276: 1271: 1266: 1261: 1256: 1251: 1246: 1241: 1236: 1231: 1226: 1221: 1216: 1211: 1206: 1201: 1196: 1191: 1186: 1181: 1176: 1171: 1166: 1161: 1156: 1150: 1147: 1146: 1139: 1138: 1131: 1124: 1116: 1107: 1106: 1104: 1103: 1098: 1097: 1096: 1086: 1080: 1078: 1077:Non-indigenous 1074: 1073: 1071: 1070: 1065: 1060: 1055: 1050: 1045: 1040: 1035: 1030: 1025: 1020: 1015: 1010: 1005: 1000: 995: 990: 985: 980: 975: 970: 965: 960: 955: 950: 945: 940: 935: 930: 925: 920: 915: 910: 905: 900: 895: 890: 885: 880: 875: 870: 865: 860: 859: 858: 853: 843: 838: 833: 828: 823: 818: 813: 808: 803: 798: 793: 788: 783: 778: 773: 768: 763: 758: 753: 748: 743: 738: 733: 728: 723: 718: 713: 708: 703: 698: 693: 688: 683: 678: 673: 668: 662: 660: 654: 653: 646: 645: 638: 631: 623: 617: 616: 613: 610: 607: 604: 601: 598: 595: 592: 589: 586: 583: 580: 577: 574: 571: 568: 565: 562: 559: 556: 553: 550: 547: 544: 540: 537: 532: 529: 527: 526: 512: 503: 494: 484: 475: 465: 455: 446: 405: 396: 383: 370: 360: 358: 355: 321: 318: 284:and two small 256: 253: 233:sweet potatoes 213:bulrush millet 187: 184: 119: 116: 56: 53: 27:. They speak 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 1557: 1546: 1543: 1541: 1538: 1536: 1533: 1531: 1528: 1527: 1525: 1510: 1507: 1505: 1502: 1500: 1497: 1495: 1492: 1490: 1487: 1485: 1482: 1480: 1477: 1475: 1472: 1470: 1467: 1465: 1462: 1460: 1457: 1455: 1452: 1450: 1447: 1445: 1442: 1440: 1437: 1435: 1432: 1430: 1427: 1425: 1422: 1420: 1417: 1415: 1412: 1410: 1409:Ngok Lual Yak 1407: 1405: 1402: 1400: 1397: 1395: 1392: 1390: 1387: 1385: 1382: 1380: 1377: 1375: 1372: 1370: 1367: 1365: 1362: 1360: 1357: 1355: 1352: 1350: 1347: 1345: 1342: 1340: 1337: 1335: 1332: 1330: 1327: 1325: 1322: 1320: 1317: 1315: 1312: 1310: 1307: 1305: 1302: 1300: 1297: 1295: 1292: 1290: 1287: 1285: 1282: 1280: 1277: 1275: 1272: 1270: 1267: 1265: 1262: 1260: 1257: 1255: 1252: 1250: 1247: 1245: 1242: 1240: 1237: 1235: 1232: 1230: 1227: 1225: 1222: 1220: 1217: 1215: 1212: 1210: 1207: 1205: 1204:Balanda Bviri 1202: 1200: 1197: 1195: 1192: 1190: 1187: 1185: 1184:Baggara Arabs 1182: 1180: 1177: 1175: 1172: 1170: 1167: 1165: 1162: 1160: 1157: 1155: 1152: 1151: 1148: 1144: 1137: 1132: 1130: 1125: 1123: 1118: 1117: 1114: 1102: 1099: 1095: 1092: 1091: 1090: 1087: 1085: 1082: 1081: 1079: 1075: 1069: 1066: 1064: 1061: 1059: 1056: 1054: 1051: 1049: 1046: 1044: 1041: 1039: 1036: 1034: 1031: 1029: 1026: 1024: 1021: 1019: 1016: 1014: 1011: 1009: 1006: 1004: 1001: 999: 996: 994: 991: 989: 986: 984: 981: 979: 976: 974: 971: 969: 966: 964: 961: 959: 956: 954: 951: 949: 946: 944: 941: 939: 936: 934: 931: 929: 926: 924: 921: 919: 916: 914: 911: 909: 906: 904: 901: 899: 896: 894: 891: 889: 886: 884: 881: 879: 876: 874: 871: 869: 866: 864: 861: 857: 854: 852: 849: 848: 847: 844: 842: 839: 837: 834: 832: 829: 827: 824: 822: 819: 817: 814: 812: 809: 807: 804: 802: 799: 797: 794: 792: 789: 787: 784: 782: 779: 777: 774: 772: 769: 767: 764: 762: 759: 757: 754: 752: 749: 747: 744: 742: 739: 737: 734: 732: 729: 727: 724: 722: 719: 717: 714: 712: 709: 707: 704: 702: 699: 697: 694: 692: 689: 687: 684: 682: 679: 677: 674: 672: 669: 667: 664: 663: 661: 659: 655: 651: 644: 639: 637: 632: 630: 625: 624: 621: 614: 611: 608: 605: 602: 599: 596: 593: 590: 587: 584: 581: 578: 575: 572: 569: 566: 563: 560: 557: 554: 551: 548: 545: 541: 538: 535: 534: 522: 516: 507: 498: 488: 479: 469: 459: 450: 442: 436: 420: 416: 409: 400: 393: 387: 380: 374: 365: 361: 354: 351: 347: 342: 339: 335: 326: 317: 315: 311: 307: 303: 299: 295: 291: 287: 283: 279: 275: 271: 267: 263: 252: 244: 240: 238: 234: 230: 226: 222: 218: 217:finger millet 214: 210: 206: 202: 192: 183: 179: 177: 173: 169: 165: 161: 160:Mundri County 156: 153: 149: 145: 141: 137: 133: 129: 125: 115: 113: 109: 100: 96: 94: 93:Belgian Congo 90: 86: 82: 78: 74: 70: 66: 62: 52: 50: 46: 42: 38: 34: 30: 26: 22: 18: 1383: 1294:Jur Mananger 1199:Balanda Boor 932: 701:Banyamulenge 515: 506: 497: 487: 478: 468: 458: 449: 423:. 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Index

South Sudan
Western Equatoria
Moru
Central South Sudanic language
Christians
Episcopal Church of the South Sudan
Kenneth Grant Fraser
Church Missionary Society
Azande
Lui
Equatoria
Sir Samuel Baker
Charles George Gordon
Emin Pasha
Lado Enclave
Congo Free State
Belgian Congo

Kenneth Grant Fraser
Church Missionary Society
Madi
Lugbara
Avukaya
Logo
Uganda
Democratic Republic of Congo
Western Equatoria
Western Equatoria
Mundri County
Jur

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