1332:
326:
88:
113:
71:
455:
which abuts the rear of the monumental porch. Within the church, directly across from the doorway, the pulpit stands within an acoustically conceived apse, which balances the porch. This bay projects from the northern face of the octagon and was intended to serve as the base of the steeple (never executed). To the east and west project corresponding bays; these contain stairways to the balcony that circumscribes the interior, except the
1339:
771:
120:
95:
454:
Mill's plan consisted of "an emphatic 'monumental porch'"—thirty-two feet square as
Latrobe had proposed—grafted onto an auditorium-style church. The porch, which Mills called the "vestibule, dominates the south elevation, and fronts upon the street. The body of the church is an octagon, one facet of
443:
and Robert Mills, who were consulted independently by the
Committee. Latrobe had submitted his designs initially and believed that his plan was approved by the Committee. However, the Committee approved the plan submitted by Robert Mills, which combined the monument with the church. This resulted in
418:
Three
Richmond congregations were formed from Monumental, including: St. James's in 1831, St. Paul's in 1845, and All Saints in 1888. As the center of population in the city dispersed to the suburbs, Monumental Church was judged too costly to operate. It was deconsecrated in 1965 and taken over by
341:, a French officer in the Revolutionary army, had developed the idea for the academy but the plan was abandoned due to the war. In 1786 Richmond's first theatre was built on this site, described as having the appearance of a "barn-like building."
395:
in both
Baltimore and Washington, DC. He also later designed many buildings in South Carolina as superintendent of public buildings. Mills "had a reputation for being particularly concerned with fireproofing." Later he designed Charleston's
1211:
1166:
1086:
507:
In 2004 Monumental Church underwent a significant renovation. A monument to the 72 people killed in the fire was replaced by an exact replica. The bodies of the victims remain in a brick crypt below the church.
447:
Latrobe refused to submit any alternate plan when requested by the
Committee, as he felt slighted. However, he commended their decision and wrote glowingly of the Mills's capability to fulfill the assignment.
1206:
1201:
1076:
1306:
1271:
1221:
1191:
1096:
951:
941:
1266:
1161:
1136:
1091:
1046:
1301:
1256:
1241:
1236:
1146:
1081:
1026:
971:
921:
876:
1380:
1141:
1121:
1101:
1031:
1016:
981:
976:
946:
911:
906:
881:
861:
856:
1370:
1291:
1276:
1226:
1196:
1171:
1156:
1071:
1011:
1006:
996:
966:
931:
926:
916:
851:
822:
1623:
1523:
1415:
1246:
1231:
1216:
1186:
1131:
1126:
1111:
1061:
1056:
1051:
1036:
991:
936:
896:
886:
871:
348:
of 1788 was held in this building beginning on June 3 for three weeks "after first convening in the temporary capitol at Cary and
Fourteenth streets." Among the many individuals in attendance were
451:
Following this, additional letters were exchanged between
Latrobe and Mills, which were not very cordial at times. Latrobe's last letter of July 22, 1812 addressed to Mills ended the controversy.
1455:
1296:
1286:
1176:
1151:
1116:
1041:
956:
866:
313:
and a church. The crypt is located beneath the sanctuary and contains the remains of those who died in the fire. The church is octagonal in form; its walls are constructed with brick faced with
1554:
1533:
1465:
1460:
1430:
1405:
1316:
1281:
1261:
1251:
1066:
1021:
1001:
986:
961:
901:
474:." The monumental porch adopted "shadow, void and contrasting forms" to register a lasting impression. The design also adopted large forms with least ornamentation with the brown colour of the
1365:
1321:
1311:
1181:
891:
1538:
1528:
1488:
1480:
1375:
1355:
1106:
1445:
1440:
1385:
1668:
1513:
1498:
1450:
1435:
1410:
1390:
548:
403:
On Nov. 20, 1817, Monumental Church established the first Sunday School program in
Richmond. Famous parishioners included Chief Justice John Marshall, whose family occupied pew No. 23;
1518:
1503:
1493:
1470:
1425:
1400:
1395:
1360:
1475:
1508:
1420:
815:
835:
808:
1673:
428:
1613:
475:
614:
1638:
1582:
1577:
153:
1663:
1643:
516:
1559:
543:
483:
702:
112:
1633:
1628:
1587:
478:
accentuating the solemnity of the structure. The placement of the large piers in the porch brought about a shaded interior. The
1658:
1653:
495:
described it as "Greek
Revival runs afoul of the Renaissance dome tradition, with serious compromises in both the plan and the
486:
also projected out into the light. The overall effect of the porch was of a geometrically proportioned and balanced structure.
305:
Monumental Church was built between 1812 and 1814 to commemorate the 72 people who died on the site in the
December 26, 1811,
380:
87:
831:
573:
291:
39:
1618:
785:
775:
337:
This site was developed for the first Academy of Fine Arts and Sciences in America, or "The Theatre Square." Chevalier
712:
531:
271:
795:
267:
1648:
622:
412:
345:
527:
used both high-tech computer equipment and old-fashioned stone-cutting created a new 7,000-pound monument.
424:
439:
The design of the Monumental Church generated a certain amount of controversy between the two architects,
496:
420:
57:
800:
784:: 57 photos, 6 color transparencies, 21 measured drawings, 16 data pages, and 4 photo caption pages at
295:
287:
48:
592:
489:
The design has not been universally lauded, in a 1939 review of Protestant church design in America,
388:
383:
replaced it. In 1811, the Richmond Theatre fire resulted in the deaths of 72 people. Chief Justice
283:
1572:
523:
scanners were used to record its measurements. The data was sent by Internet to Ireland, where
440:
338:
1592:
578:
314:
306:
491:
408:
8:
392:
444:
an awkward situation, as Mills had worked as Latrobe's assistant earlier in his career.
325:
534:'s "Court End Passport". The building is open on occasion for other private functions.
397:
275:
141:
215:
708:
369:
330:
387:
commissioned a church to replace it as a monument, and it was designed by architect
16:
Former Episcopal church and national landmark in Richmond, Virginia, United States
404:
1607:
479:
384:
373:
353:
349:
168:
155:
781:
407:, whose foster parents the Allans were members and occupied pew No. 80; the
333:
is just behind it. The Nursing Education building was demolished by MCV-VCU.
524:
365:
361:
357:
830:
782:
Monumental Church, 1224 East Broad Street, Richmond, Independent City, VA
669:
Robert Russell, College of Charleston Department of Historic Preservation
530:
In 2006, regular tours began. These are operated in cooperation with the
467:
70:
752:
Walter A. Taylor, AIA, "A Survey: Protestant Church Design in America,"
299:
643:"Monumental Church to Observe 150th Anniversary of First Service."
549:
National Register of Historic Places listings in Richmond, Virginia
279:
790:
678:
Evans, Mrs. Wm. E., "The History of the Monumental Church," 1817.
568:
423:
for classroom space. The College transferred the building to the
391:, the first American-born architect. He was the architect of the
1624:
Churches on the National Register of Historic Places in Virginia
1338:
770:
471:
470:
caps the nave, and its center is pierced by a round monitor or
456:
520:
310:
463:
459:
1669:
National Register of Historic Places in Richmond, Virginia
429:
Association for the Preservation of Virginia Antiquities
286:, it is one of America's earliest and most distinctive
379:
This building was destroyed by fire in 1802 and the
329:
An aerial view of Monumental Church circa 1973. The
1578:
History of the National Register of Historic Places
707:. Princeton Architectural Press. pp. 97–103.
519:, follows the process of recreating the monument.
1605:
1674:Benjamin Henry Latrobe buildings and structures
544:List of National Historic Landmarks in Virginia
1614:Historic American Buildings Survey in Virginia
816:
737:
728:
595:. Virginia Department of Historic Resources
1639:Greek Revival church buildings in Virginia
823:
809:
619:National Historic Landmark summary listing
515:, written and directed by writer/director
513:Saving Grace-Resurrecting American History
415:of Powhatan, and the Chamberlayne family.
69:
832:U.S. National Register of Historic Places
119:
94:
40:U.S. National Register of Historic Places
324:
309:. The building consists of two parts: a
1664:19th-century Episcopal church buildings
1644:National Historic Landmarks in Virginia
756:, Vol. 86, No. 1, pp. 60-69, July 1939.
704:Robert Mills: America's first architect
621:. National Park Service. Archived from
585:
274:between N. 12th and College streets in
1606:
569:"National Register Information System"
804:
700:
607:
694:
574:National Register of Historic Places
364:, George Nicholas, Edmund Randolph,
292:National Register of Historic Places
561:
13:
786:Historic American Buildings Survey
411:when he visited Richmond in 1824,
14:
1685:
796:Valentine Richmond History Center
763:
532:Valentine Richmond History Center
1337:
1330:
769:
118:
111:
93:
86:
746:
656:Weddell, Alexander Willbourne.
434:
49:U.S. National Historic Landmark
1634:Episcopal churches in Virginia
1629:Churches in Richmond, Virginia
681:
672:
663:
650:
637:
502:
290:churches. It is listed on the
223:
210:
1:
1659:Museums in Richmond, Virginia
1654:Religious museums in Virginia
593:"Virginia Landmarks Register"
554:
346:Virginia Ratifying Convention
127:Show map of the United States
791:Historic Richmond Foundation
701:bryan, John Morrill (2001).
425:Historic Richmond Foundation
21:United States historic place
7:
1560:National Historic Landmarks
537:
421:Medical College of Virginia
294:, has been designated as a
58:Virginia Landmarks Register
10:
1690:
1619:Churches completed in 1814
320:
296:National Historic Landmark
1568:
1547:
1346:
1328:
842:
462:on the north face of the
253:
245:
237:
232:
221:
209:NRHP reference
208:
200:
192:
184:
147:
136:
80:
68:
64:
55:
46:
37:
30:
26:
645:Richmond Times Dispatch,
282:. Designed by architect
201:Architectural style
75:Monumental Church, 2019
1649:Robert Mills buildings
1573:Keeper of the Register
1485:Poquoson (no listings)
441:Benjamin Henry Latrobe
427:, an affiliate of the
339:Quesnay de Beaurepaire
334:
298:and is located in the
1593:Contributing property
687:"Monumental Church",
579:National Park Service
476:Aquia stone sandstone
328:
317:and a stucco finish.
315:Aquia Creek sandstone
307:Richmond Theatre fire
169:37.53889°N 77.43000°W
778:at Wikimedia Commons
754:Architectural Record
689:Richmond News Leader
492:Architectural Record
409:Marquis de Lafayette
393:Washington Monuments
360:, Edmund Pendleton,
102:Show map of Virginia
625:on January 14, 2009
615:"Monumental Church"
581:. January 23, 2007.
302:historic district.
254:Designated VLR
246:Designated NHL
174:37.53889; -77.43000
165: /
140:1224 E. Broad St.,
660:, January 9, 1932.
658:Southern Churchman
398:Fireproof Building
335:
270:church at 1224 E.
142:Richmond, Virginia
1601:
1600:
1588:Historic district
776:Monumental Church
774:Media related to
370:Richard Henry Lee
331:Egyptian Building
264:Monumental Church
261:
260:
249:November 11, 1971
233:Significant dates
32:Monumental Church
1681:
1381:Colonial Heights
1341:
1334:
1333:
825:
818:
811:
802:
801:
773:
757:
750:
744:
741:
735:
732:
726:
725:
723:
721:
698:
692:
685:
679:
676:
670:
667:
661:
654:
648:
641:
635:
634:
632:
630:
611:
605:
604:
602:
600:
589:
583:
582:
565:
511:The documentary
381:Richmond Theatre
257:November 5, 1968
225:
212:
180:
179:
177:
176:
175:
170:
166:
163:
162:
161:
158:
128:
122:
121:
115:
103:
97:
96:
90:
73:
24:
23:
1689:
1688:
1684:
1683:
1682:
1680:
1679:
1678:
1604:
1603:
1602:
1597:
1564:
1543:
1371:Charlottesville
1348:
1342:
1336:
1335:
1331:
1326:
844:
838:
829:
766:
761:
760:
751:
747:
742:
738:
733:
729:
719:
717:
715:
699:
695:
686:
682:
677:
673:
668:
664:
655:
651:
642:
638:
628:
626:
613:
612:
608:
598:
596:
591:
590:
586:
567:
566:
562:
557:
540:
505:
437:
405:Edgar Allan Poe
323:
173:
171:
167:
164:
159:
156:
154:
152:
151:
132:
131:
130:
129:
126:
125:
124:
123:
106:
105:
104:
101:
100:
99:
98:
76:
60:
51:
42:
33:
22:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1687:
1677:
1676:
1671:
1666:
1661:
1656:
1651:
1646:
1641:
1636:
1631:
1626:
1621:
1616:
1599:
1598:
1596:
1595:
1590:
1585:
1583:Property types
1580:
1575:
1569:
1566:
1565:
1563:
1562:
1557:
1551:
1549:
1545:
1544:
1542:
1541:
1536:
1531:
1526:
1524:Virginia Beach
1521:
1516:
1511:
1506:
1501:
1496:
1491:
1486:
1483:
1478:
1473:
1468:
1463:
1458:
1453:
1448:
1443:
1438:
1433:
1428:
1423:
1418:
1416:Fredericksburg
1413:
1408:
1403:
1398:
1393:
1388:
1383:
1378:
1373:
1368:
1363:
1358:
1352:
1350:
1344:
1343:
1329:
1327:
1325:
1324:
1319:
1314:
1309:
1304:
1299:
1294:
1289:
1284:
1279:
1274:
1269:
1264:
1259:
1254:
1249:
1244:
1239:
1234:
1229:
1224:
1219:
1214:
1212:Prince William
1209:
1204:
1199:
1194:
1189:
1184:
1179:
1174:
1169:
1167:Northumberland
1164:
1159:
1154:
1149:
1144:
1139:
1134:
1129:
1124:
1119:
1114:
1109:
1104:
1099:
1094:
1089:
1087:King and Queen
1084:
1079:
1074:
1069:
1064:
1059:
1054:
1049:
1044:
1039:
1034:
1029:
1024:
1019:
1014:
1009:
1004:
999:
994:
989:
984:
979:
974:
969:
964:
959:
954:
949:
944:
939:
934:
929:
924:
919:
914:
909:
904:
899:
894:
889:
884:
879:
874:
869:
864:
859:
854:
848:
846:
840:
839:
828:
827:
820:
813:
805:
799:
798:
793:
788:
779:
765:
764:External links
762:
759:
758:
745:
736:
734:Bryan, p. 104.
727:
713:
693:
691:, Dec 3, 1946.
680:
671:
662:
649:
636:
606:
584:
559:
558:
556:
553:
552:
551:
546:
539:
536:
517:Eric Futterman
504:
501:
436:
433:
322:
319:
259:
258:
255:
251:
250:
247:
243:
242:
241:April 16, 1969
239:
235:
234:
230:
229:
226:
219:
218:
213:
206:
205:
202:
198:
197:
194:
190:
189:
186:
182:
181:
149:
145:
144:
138:
134:
133:
117:
116:
110:
109:
108:
107:
92:
91:
85:
84:
83:
82:
81:
78:
77:
74:
66:
65:
62:
61:
56:
53:
52:
47:
44:
43:
38:
35:
34:
31:
28:
27:
20:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1686:
1675:
1672:
1670:
1667:
1665:
1662:
1660:
1657:
1655:
1652:
1650:
1647:
1645:
1642:
1640:
1637:
1635:
1632:
1630:
1627:
1625:
1622:
1620:
1617:
1615:
1612:
1611:
1609:
1594:
1591:
1589:
1586:
1584:
1581:
1579:
1576:
1574:
1571:
1570:
1567:
1561:
1558:
1556:
1553:
1552:
1550:
1546:
1540:
1537:
1535:
1532:
1530:
1527:
1525:
1522:
1520:
1517:
1515:
1512:
1510:
1507:
1505:
1502:
1500:
1497:
1495:
1492:
1490:
1487:
1484:
1482:
1479:
1477:
1474:
1472:
1469:
1467:
1464:
1462:
1459:
1457:
1456:Manassas Park
1454:
1452:
1449:
1447:
1444:
1442:
1439:
1437:
1434:
1432:
1429:
1427:
1424:
1422:
1419:
1417:
1414:
1412:
1409:
1407:
1404:
1402:
1399:
1397:
1394:
1392:
1389:
1387:
1384:
1382:
1379:
1377:
1374:
1372:
1369:
1367:
1364:
1362:
1359:
1357:
1354:
1353:
1351:
1345:
1340:
1323:
1320:
1318:
1315:
1313:
1310:
1308:
1305:
1303:
1300:
1298:
1295:
1293:
1290:
1288:
1285:
1283:
1280:
1278:
1275:
1273:
1270:
1268:
1265:
1263:
1260:
1258:
1255:
1253:
1250:
1248:
1245:
1243:
1240:
1238:
1235:
1233:
1230:
1228:
1225:
1223:
1220:
1218:
1215:
1213:
1210:
1208:
1207:Prince George
1205:
1203:
1202:Prince Edward
1200:
1198:
1195:
1193:
1190:
1188:
1185:
1183:
1180:
1178:
1175:
1173:
1170:
1168:
1165:
1163:
1160:
1158:
1155:
1153:
1150:
1148:
1145:
1143:
1140:
1138:
1135:
1133:
1130:
1128:
1125:
1123:
1120:
1118:
1115:
1113:
1110:
1108:
1105:
1103:
1100:
1098:
1095:
1093:
1090:
1088:
1085:
1083:
1080:
1078:
1077:Isle Of Wight
1075:
1073:
1070:
1068:
1065:
1063:
1060:
1058:
1055:
1053:
1050:
1048:
1045:
1043:
1040:
1038:
1035:
1033:
1030:
1028:
1025:
1023:
1020:
1018:
1015:
1013:
1010:
1008:
1005:
1003:
1000:
998:
995:
993:
990:
988:
985:
983:
980:
978:
975:
973:
970:
968:
965:
963:
960:
958:
955:
953:
950:
948:
945:
943:
940:
938:
935:
933:
930:
928:
925:
923:
920:
918:
915:
913:
910:
908:
905:
903:
900:
898:
895:
893:
890:
888:
885:
883:
880:
878:
875:
873:
870:
868:
865:
863:
860:
858:
855:
853:
850:
849:
847:
841:
837:
833:
826:
821:
819:
814:
812:
807:
806:
803:
797:
794:
792:
789:
787:
783:
780:
777:
772:
768:
767:
755:
749:
743:Bryan, p. 105
740:
731:
716:
714:1-56898-296-8
710:
706:
705:
697:
690:
684:
675:
666:
659:
653:
646:
640:
624:
620:
616:
610:
594:
588:
580:
576:
575:
570:
564:
560:
550:
547:
545:
542:
541:
535:
533:
528:
526:
522:
518:
514:
509:
500:
498:
494:
493:
487:
485:
481:
480:Doric columns
477:
473:
469:
465:
461:
458:
452:
449:
445:
442:
432:
430:
426:
422:
416:
414:
410:
406:
401:
399:
394:
390:
386:
385:John Marshall
382:
377:
375:
374:Patrick Henry
371:
367:
363:
359:
355:
354:John Marshall
351:
350:James Madison
347:
342:
340:
332:
327:
318:
316:
312:
308:
303:
301:
297:
293:
289:
288:Greek Revival
285:
281:
277:
273:
269:
265:
256:
252:
248:
244:
240:
238:Added to NRHP
236:
231:
227:
220:
217:
214:
207:
204:Greek Revival
203:
199:
195:
191:
187:
183:
178:
150:
146:
143:
139:
135:
114:
89:
79:
72:
67:
63:
59:
54:
50:
45:
41:
36:
29:
25:
19:
1534:Williamsburg
1466:Newport News
1461:Martinsville
1431:Harrisonburg
1406:Falls Church
1307:Westmoreland
1272:Spotsylvania
1222:Rappahannock
1192:Pittsylvania
1097:King William
952:Chesterfield
942:Charles City
753:
748:
739:
730:
720:December 16,
718:. Retrieved
703:
696:
688:
683:
674:
665:
657:
652:
647:May 3, 1964.
644:
639:
627:. Retrieved
623:the original
618:
609:
597:. Retrieved
587:
572:
563:
529:
525:stonecutters
512:
510:
506:
497:fenestration
490:
488:
484:fluted drums
453:
450:
446:
438:
435:Architecture
417:
413:William Mayo
402:
389:Robert Mills
378:
366:George Mason
362:George Wythe
358:James Monroe
343:
336:
304:
284:Robert Mills
272:Broad Street
266:is a former
263:
262:
196:Robert Mills
18:
1548:Other lists
1366:Buena Vista
1267:Southampton
1162:Northampton
1137:Mecklenburg
1092:King George
1047:Greensville
503:Present use
468:saucer dome
172: /
148:Coordinates
1608:Categories
1539:Winchester
1529:Waynesboro
1489:Portsmouth
1481:Petersburg
1376:Chesapeake
1356:Alexandria
1302:Washington
1257:Shenandoah
1242:Rockingham
1237:Rockbridge
1147:Montgomery
1082:James City
1027:Gloucester
972:Cumberland
922:Buckingham
877:Appomattox
555:References
160:77°25′48″W
157:37°32′20″N
1446:Lynchburg
1441:Lexington
1386:Covington
1142:Middlesex
1122:Lunenburg
1102:Lancaster
1032:Goochland
1017:Frederick
982:Dinwiddie
977:Dickenson
947:Charlotte
912:Brunswick
907:Botetourt
882:Arlington
862:Alleghany
857:Albemarle
845:by county
599:March 19,
300:Court End
268:Episcopal
222:VLR
193:Architect
188:1812–1814
1514:Staunton
1499:Richmond
1451:Manassas
1436:Hopewell
1411:Franklin
1391:Danville
1292:Tazewell
1277:Stafford
1227:Richmond
1197:Powhatan
1172:Nottoway
1157:New Kent
1072:Highland
1012:Franklin
1007:Fluvanna
997:Fauquier
967:Culpeper
932:Caroline
927:Campbell
917:Buchanan
852:Accomack
836:Virginia
629:June 27,
538:See also
466:. A low
280:Virginia
276:Richmond
228:127-0012
216:69000326
137:Location
1555:Bridges
1519:Suffolk
1504:Roanoke
1494:Radford
1471:Norfolk
1426:Hampton
1401:Fairfax
1396:Emporia
1361:Bristol
1349:by city
1247:Russell
1232:Roanoke
1217:Pulaski
1187:Patrick
1132:Mathews
1127:Madison
1112:Loudoun
1062:Henrico
1057:Hanover
1052:Halifax
1037:Grayson
992:Fairfax
937:Carroll
897:Bedford
887:Augusta
872:Amherst
321:History
1476:Norton
1297:Warren
1287:Sussex
1177:Orange
1152:Nelson
1117:Louisa
1042:Greene
957:Clarke
867:Amelia
711:
472:cupola
457:pulpit
1509:Salem
1421:Galax
1347:Lists
1317:Wythe
1282:Surry
1262:Smyth
1252:Scott
1067:Henry
1022:Giles
1002:Floyd
987:Essex
962:Craig
902:Bland
843:Lists
521:Laser
482:with
311:crypt
185:Built
1322:York
1312:Wise
1182:Page
892:Bath
722:2010
709:ISBN
631:2008
601:2013
464:nave
460:apse
419:the
372:and
344:The
1107:Lee
834:in
499:."
224:No.
211:No.
1610::
617:.
577:.
571:.
431:.
400:.
376:.
368:,
356:,
352:,
278:,
824:e
817:t
810:v
724:.
633:.
603:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
